WO2015182503A1 - 太陽電池素子およびその製造方法並びに太陽電池モジュール - Google Patents
太陽電池素子およびその製造方法並びに太陽電池モジュール Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015182503A1 WO2015182503A1 PCT/JP2015/064717 JP2015064717W WO2015182503A1 WO 2015182503 A1 WO2015182503 A1 WO 2015182503A1 JP 2015064717 W JP2015064717 W JP 2015064717W WO 2015182503 A1 WO2015182503 A1 WO 2015182503A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solar cell
- layer
- passivation layer
- cell element
- protective layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 65
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 278
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 141
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 118
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 117
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 117
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 23
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Substances CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 6
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 4
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphinic chloride Chemical compound ClP=O RLOWWWKZYUNIDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001004 secondary ion mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005685 electric field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPAJSBKBKSSMLJ-DFWYDOINSA-N (2s)-2-aminopentanedioic acid;hydrochloride Chemical class Cl.OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O RPAJSBKBKSSMLJ-DFWYDOINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006283 Si—O—H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009993 protective function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
- H01L31/02161—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02167—Coatings for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/401—Oxides containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45527—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations
- C23C16/45529—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the ALD cycle, e.g. different flows or temperatures during half-reactions, unusual pulsing sequence, use of precursor mixtures or auxiliary reactants or activations specially adapted for making a layer stack of alternating different compositions or gradient compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
- C23C16/45553—Atomic layer deposition [ALD] characterized by the use of precursors specially adapted for ALD
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0216—Coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/06—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/068—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PN homojunction type, e.g. bulk silicon PN homojunction solar cells or thin film polycrystalline silicon PN homojunction solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/186—Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
- H01L31/1868—Passivation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02126—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02172—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides
- H01L21/02175—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides characterised by the metal
- H01L21/02178—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing at least one metal element, e.g. metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides or metal carbides characterised by the metal the material containing aluminium, e.g. Al2O3
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02205—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition
- H01L21/02208—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si
- H01L21/02211—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound being a silane, e.g. disilane, methylsilane or chlorosilane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02205—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition
- H01L21/02208—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si
- H01L21/02219—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound comprising silicon and nitrogen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02263—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase
- H01L21/02271—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition
- H01L21/0228—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process deposition from the gas or vapour phase deposition by decomposition or reaction of gaseous or vapour phase compounds, i.e. chemical vapour deposition deposition by cyclic CVD, e.g. ALD, ALE, pulsed CVD
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solar cell element, a manufacturing method thereof, and a solar cell module.
- a semiconductor substrate made of silicon is used as a photoelectric conversion material.
- a passivation layer is provided in the surface of a semiconductor substrate.
- an oxide such as silicon oxide or aluminum oxide, or a nitride such as a silicon nitride film is used.
- ALD atomic layer deposition
- minority carrier recombination loss can be reduced and good characteristics can be realized (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-193350). Gazette, JP 2009-164544 A and JP 2012-530361 A).
- PECVD plasma enhanced CVD
- the passivation layer may deteriorate due to the influence of heat and plasma.
- the function of the passivation layer decreases, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell element and the solar cell module decreases from the beginning.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell element and a solar cell module capable of maintaining high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
- a solar cell element includes a semiconductor substrate having a p-type semiconductor region on one main surface, a first passivation layer containing aluminum oxide and disposed on the p-type semiconductor region, And a protective layer including silicon oxide containing hydrogen and carbon, disposed on one passivation layer.
- the manufacturing method of the solar cell element which concerns on 1 aspect of this invention is a manufacturing method of the solar cell element provided with the semiconductor substrate which has a p-type semiconductor area
- a solar cell module includes the above-described solar cell element.
- the manufacturing method thereof, and the solar cell module it is possible to provide a solar cell element and a solar cell module that can maintain high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an external appearance of a first main surface side of a solar cell element according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the appearance of the second principal surface side of the solar cell element according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section in FIGS. Fig.4 (a) is an expanded sectional view which shows typically the passivation layer and protective layer in the 1st main surface of the solar cell element which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, FIG.4 (b) is this invention. It is an expanded sectional view showing typically the passivation layer and protective layer in the 2nd principal surface of the solar cell element concerning one embodiment of.
- FIG.5 (a) is an expanded sectional view which shows typically the passivation layer and protective layer in the 1st main surface of the solar cell element which concerns on other embodiment of this invention
- FIG.5 (b) is this invention. It is an expanded sectional view showing typically the passivation layer and protective layer in the 2nd principal surface of the solar cell element concerning other embodiments.
- FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the appearance of the second principal surface side of the solar cell element according to the modification of the present invention.
- 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a BB cross section in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view showing the appearance of the solar cell module according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 3 and 7 hatching indicating a cross section of the component is omitted in order to make the component easy to see.
- the solar cell element 10 includes a first main surface 10a which is a light receiving surface on which light is mainly incident, and one main surface (back surface) located on the opposite side of the first main surface 10a. It has the 2nd main surface 10b and the side surface 10c. Moreover, the solar cell element 10 includes a silicon substrate 1 as a semiconductor substrate. The silicon substrate 1 also has a first main surface 1a, a second main surface 1b located on the opposite side of the first main surface 1a, and a side surface 1c.
- the silicon substrate 1 includes a first semiconductor layer 2 that is a one-conductivity type (for example, p-type) semiconductor region, and a reverse conductivity type (for example, n-type) semiconductor region that is provided on the first main surface 1a side in the first semiconductor layer 2.
- the second semiconductor layer 3 Further, the solar cell element 10 includes a third semiconductor layer 4, an antireflection layer 5, a first electrode 6, a second electrode 7, a third electrode 8, a passivation layer 9, and a protective layer 11.
- the silicon substrate 1 is, for example, a single crystal silicon or a polycrystalline silicon substrate.
- the silicon substrate 1 includes a first semiconductor layer 2 and a second semiconductor layer 3 provided on the first main surface 1a side of the first semiconductor layer 2.
- a material other than silicon may be used.
- a p-type semiconductor is used as the first semiconductor layer 2
- a p-type silicon substrate is used as the silicon substrate 1.
- the silicon substrate 1 is a polycrystalline or single crystal substrate.
- a substrate having a thickness of 250 ⁇ m or less, or a thin substrate having a thickness of 150 ⁇ m or less can be used.
- the shape of the silicon substrate 1 is not particularly limited. However, when the solar cell module 20 is manufactured from the solar cell element 10 as long as it is a substantially square shape in plan view, the gap between the elements can be reduced. Convenient because it can.
- an impurity such as boron or gallium is contained as a dopant element.
- the second semiconductor layer 3 is stacked on the first semiconductor layer 2.
- the second semiconductor layer 3 has a conductivity type opposite to that of the first semiconductor layer 2 (n-type in this embodiment), and is provided on the first main surface 1a side of the first semiconductor layer 2. . Accordingly, the silicon substrate 1 has a pn junction at the interface between the first semiconductor layer 2 and the second semiconductor layer 3.
- the second semiconductor layer 3 can be formed, for example, by diffusing impurities such as phosphorus on the first main surface 1a side of the silicon substrate 1 as a dopant.
- a fine concavo-convex structure for reducing the reflectance of the irradiated light may be provided on the first main surface 1a side of the silicon substrate 1.
- the height of the convex portions of the texture is about 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, and the interval between adjacent convex portions is about 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the concave portion may have a substantially spherical shape, or the convex portion may have a pyramid shape. Note that the above-mentioned “height of the convex portion” refers to, for example, a straight line passing through the bottom surface of the concave portion in FIG.
- the “interval between the convex portions” is a distance between the centers of the top surfaces of the convex portions adjacent to each other in a direction parallel to the reference line.
- the antireflection layer 5 has a function of reducing the reflectance of the light irradiated on the first main surface 10 a of the solar cell element 10.
- the antireflection layer 5 is made of, for example, a silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, or silicon nitride layer.
- the refractive index and thickness of the antireflection layer 5 are appropriately selected from refractive indexes and thicknesses that can realize low reflection conditions for light in a wavelength range that can be absorbed by the silicon substrate 1 and contribute to power generation. That's fine.
- the antireflective layer 5 can have a refractive index of about 1.8 to 2.5 and a thickness of about 20 to 120 nm.
- the third semiconductor layer 4 is disposed on the second main surface 1b side of the silicon substrate 1 and may have the same conductivity type as the first semiconductor layer 2 (p-type in the present embodiment).
- the concentration of the dopant contained in the third semiconductor layer 4 is higher than the concentration of the dopant contained in the first semiconductor layer 2. That is, the dopant element is present in the third semiconductor layer 4 at a concentration higher than the concentration of the dopant element doped to make the first semiconductor layer 2 have one conductivity type.
- the third semiconductor layer 4 forms an internal electric field on the second main surface 1 b side of the silicon substrate 1.
- the third semiconductor layer 4 can be formed, for example, by diffusing a dopant element such as boron or aluminum on the second main surface 1b side of the silicon substrate 1.
- concentrations of the dopant elements contained in the first semiconductor layer 2 and the third semiconductor layer 4 are about 5 ⁇ 10 15 to 1 ⁇ 10 17 atoms / cm 3 and about 1 ⁇ 10 18 to 5 ⁇ 10 21 atoms / cm 3 , respectively. can do.
- the third semiconductor layer 4 is preferably present at a contact portion between a second electrode 7 and a silicon substrate 1 described later.
- the first electrode 6 is an electrode provided on the first main surface 1 a side of the silicon substrate 1. Moreover, the 1st electrode 6 has the output extraction electrode 6a and the some linear current collection electrode 6b, as shown in FIG.
- the output extraction electrode 6a is an electrode for extracting electricity obtained by power generation to the outside, and the length in the short direction (hereinafter referred to as width) is, for example, about 1.3 to 2.5 mm. At least a part of the output extraction electrode 6a intersects with the current collecting electrode 6b and is electrically connected.
- the collector electrode 6 b is an electrode for collecting electricity generated from the silicon substrate 1. Further, the current collecting electrode 6b has a plurality of linear shapes, and the width thereof is, for example, about 50 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the width of the current collecting electrode 6b is smaller than the width of the output extraction electrode 6a.
- a plurality of current collecting electrodes 6b are provided with an interval of about 1 to 3 mm.
- the thickness of the first electrode 6 is about 10 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the first electrode 6 can be formed, for example, by applying a first metal paste containing silver as a main component to a desired shape by screen printing or the like and then baking it.
- a main component means that the ratio contained with respect to the whole component is 50% or more.
- the second electrode 7 and the third electrode 8 are electrodes provided on the second main surface 1b side of the silicon substrate 1 as shown in FIGS.
- the second electrode 7 is an electrode for taking out electricity obtained by power generation by the solar cell element 10 to the outside.
- the second electrode 7 has a thickness of about 10 to 30 ⁇ m and a width of about 1.3 to 7 mm.
- the second electrode 7 contains silver as a main component.
- a second electrode 7 can be formed, for example, by applying a metal paste containing silver as a main component into a desired shape by screen printing or the like and then baking it.
- the third electrode 8 is an electrode for collecting electricity generated by the silicon substrate 1 on the second main surface 1 b of the silicon substrate 1, and is electrically connected to the second electrode 7. It is provided to connect to. It is sufficient that at least a part of the second electrode 7 is connected to the third electrode 8.
- the third electrode 8 not only intersects with the second electrode 7 as shown in FIG. 2, but is arranged in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the second electrode 7 as shown in FIG. The two electrodes 7 are connected.
- the thickness of the third electrode 8 is about 15 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the third electrode 8 may have a plurality of linear shapes like the collecting electrode 6b.
- the third electrode 8 has a width of, for example, about 100 to 500 ⁇ m, and a plurality of third electrodes 8 are provided with an interval of about 1 to 3 mm.
- the third electrode 8 can be made wider than the current collecting electrode 6b of the first electrode 6, thereby reducing the series resistance of the third electrode 8 and improving the output characteristics of the solar cell element 10. .
- the third electrode 8 includes aluminum as a main component.
- Such a third electrode 8 can be formed by, for example, applying a metal paste containing aluminum as a main component in a desired shape and then baking it.
- the passivation layer 9 is formed on at least the second main surface 1b of the silicon substrate 1 and has a function of reducing minority carrier recombination.
- the thickness of the passivation layer 9 is about 10 to 200 nm.
- the protective layer 11 is disposed on the first semiconductor layer 2 (for example, on the lower side in the figure in FIG. 4B) and on the passivation layer 9 containing aluminum oxide (for example, in the lower side in the figure in FIG. 4B). On the side).
- the passivation layer 9 is disposed on the first semiconductor layer 2 that is at least the p-type semiconductor region.
- the passivation layer 9 may be disposed on the second semiconductor region 3 of the n-type semiconductor region, and the protective layer 11 may be disposed thereon. Good.
- the protective layer 11 is disposed on the passivation layer 9 in order to protect the passivation layer 9 and obtain the solar cell element 10 having excellent reliability such as moisture resistance.
- the protective layer 11 may be a layer containing silicon oxide containing hydrogen and carbon.
- the protective layer 11 may have a laminated structure of a silicon oxide layer containing hydrogen and carbon and one or more other metal oxide layers (zirconium oxide layer, hafnium oxide layer, etc.). Good.
- the metal oxide layer can be easily manufactured by the ALD method as with the silicon oxide layer.
- the metal oxide layer when a layer having a passivation effect such as a zirconium oxide layer or a hafnium oxide layer is used as the metal oxide layer, an improvement in photoelectric conversion efficiency can be expected, and the protective function of the protective layer 11 can be further improved. It becomes possible. Thereby, the solar cell element 10 which has favorable initial photoelectric conversion efficiency and high reliability can be produced.
- the protective layer 11 is formed by, for example, an ALD method.
- the thickness of the protective layer 11 is preferably smaller than that of the passivation layer 9 because of fixed charge.
- the passivation layer 9 made of aluminum oxide is preferably twice as thick as the protective layer 11. Thereby, reliability can be improved without deteriorating the passivation effect of the passivation layer 9.
- the thickness of the protective layer 11 is about 5 to 15 nm, the solar cell element 10 having excellent initial characteristics and reliability of photoelectric conversion efficiency can be obtained.
- the hydrogen content of the protective layer 11 may be in the range of 1 to 10 atomic%.
- the carbon content of the protective layer 11 is in the range of 1 to 10 atomic%, the moisture permeability is reduced by the presence of carbon. For this reason, the initial photoelectric conversion efficiency can be made high with the protective layer 11 made thin, and the initial characteristics can be maintained for a long time.
- the hydrogen and carbon contents of the protective layer 11 can be measured by, for example, the SIMS (Secondary-Ion-Mass-Spectrometry) method.
- the initial photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell element 10 can be improved by the negative fixed charge of carbon. Further, since the protective layer 11 contains hydrogen, hydrogen can be supplied to the interface between the silicon substrate 1 and the passivation layer 9. Thereby, since the dangling bonds of silicon atoms are terminated with hydrogen, the initial photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell element 10 can be improved.
- the protective layer 11 may further contain nitrogen. It is considered that when nitrogen is contained in the protective layer 11, the protective layer 11 becomes dense and has an effect of reducing the moisture permeation rate in the atmosphere. Thereby, the amount of moisture reaching the passivation layer 9 can be reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to make it difficult for the photoelectric conversion efficiency to decrease due to the alteration of the passivation layer 9.
- both the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11 can be formed by the ALD method.
- the protective layer 11 made of silicon oxide can be formed in the same chamber without taking the silicon substrate 1 into the atmosphere. Thereby, at the interface between the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11, the formation of defects and a decrease in the passivation effect due to mixing of impurities are unlikely to occur.
- the formation of the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11 by the ALD method may be excellent in productivity.
- At least one of the antireflection layer 5 and another passivation layer is formed on the first passivation layer 9a by, for example, PECVD.
- a film having a positive fixed charge such as silicon may be used.
- minority carriers are generated by an electric field effect at the interface between the second semiconductor layer 3 and the passivation layer 9.
- a film having a negative fixed charge such as an aluminum oxide layer, is formed on the p-type layer (first semiconductor layer 2 in this embodiment) of the silicon substrate 1 as the antireflection layer 5 and the passivation layer 9.
- recombination at the minority carrier interface can be reduced by the electric field effect of the film.
- the protective layer 11 can be formed without irradiating the passivation layer 9 with plasma by using an ALD method or the like. Therefore, when the protective layer 11 and the antireflection layer 5 are formed, plasma damage to the passivation layer 9 (etching damage of the aluminum oxide film due to collision of electrons generated by the plasma, generation of defects, and contamination of impurities into the aluminum oxide film) ) Is missing.
- the second passivation layer containing silicon oxide is interposed between the p-type semiconductor region (first semiconductor layer 2 in this embodiment) and the first passivation layer 9a containing the aluminum oxide layer. 9b may be formed. Thereby, the passivation performance can be improved.
- the second passivation layer 9b is a layer for reducing defects at the interface between the silicon substrate 1 and the first passivation layer 9a.
- the thickness of the second passivation layer 9b is preferably smaller than that of the first passivation layer 9a.
- the second passivation layer 9b may be a silicon oxide layer having a thickness of 0.1 to 1 nm and a hydrogen content of 1 to 10 atomic%, more preferably 3 to 10 atomic%.
- the second passivation layer 9b is located between the silicon substrate 1 and the first passivation layer 9a that are close in material to the silicon oxide constituting the second passivation layer 9b. For this reason, it is considered that the occurrence of defects in the passivation layer 9 is reduced by arranging the second passivation layer 9b as a buffer layer between the silicon substrate 1 and the first passivation layer 9a. Thereby, recombination of minority carriers at the interface between the silicon substrate 1 and the passivation layer 9 can be reduced. Since the film thickness of the second passivation layer 9b made of silicon oxide is within the above range, the surface of the silicon substrate 1 may be easily covered.
- the passivation effect due to the negative fixed charge of the first passivation layer 9a is reduced even if there is an influence of the positive fixed charge of the second passivation layer 9b. do not do.
- the film thickness of the second passivation layer 9 b is preferably smaller than the film thickness of the protective layer 11.
- the total film thickness of the second passivation layer 9b and the protective layer 11 is preferably smaller than that of the first passivation layer 9a.
- the hydrogen content of the second passivation layer 9b is in the range of 1 to 10 atom%, more preferably 3 to 10 atom%, crystal defects such as dangling bonds and crystal grain boundaries near each surface of the silicon substrate 1 Can be deactivated by termination with hydrogen.
- a method for forming the second passivation layer 9b for example, an ALD method may be used. Thereby, the 2nd passivation layer 9b can be formed thinly and uniformly easily.
- the passivation layer 9 may be disposed on the second principal surface 1b which is at least one principal surface of the silicon substrate 1 in the present embodiment, but may be disposed on both principal surface sides of the silicon substrate 1. This may improve the passivation performance. Further, if the antireflection layer 5 and the passivation layer 9 are formed also on the side surface 1c of the silicon substrate 1, the characteristics of the solar cell element 10 can be further improved.
- a second layer containing silicon oxide is provided between the n-type semiconductor region (second semiconductor layer 3 in this embodiment) and the first passivation layer 9a including an aluminum oxide layer.
- a passivation layer 9b may be formed. Thereby, the passivation performance can be improved.
- the second passivation layer 9b is a layer for reducing defects at the interface between the silicon substrate 1 and the first passivation layer 9a.
- the silicon substrate 1 is formed by, for example, an existing CZ method or a casting method.
- an example in which a p-type polycrystalline silicon substrate is used as the silicon substrate 1 will be described.
- an ingot of polycrystalline silicon is produced by, for example, a casting method.
- the silicon substrate 1 is manufactured by slicing the ingot to a thickness of, for example, 250 ⁇ m or less.
- the surface of the silicon substrate 1 may be etched by a very small amount with an aqueous solution such as NaOH, KOH, hydrofluoric acid, or hydrofluoric nitric acid.
- a texture fine concavo-convex structure
- a texture formation method a wet etching method using an alkaline solution such as NaOH or an acid solution such as hydrofluoric acid, or a dry etching method using a RIE (Reactive Ion Etching) method or the like can be used.
- a step of forming the second semiconductor layer 3 which is an n-type semiconductor region is performed on the first main surface 1a of the silicon substrate 1 having the texture formed by the above steps. Specifically, the n-type second semiconductor layer 3 is formed on the surface layer of the textured silicon substrate 1 on the first main surface 1a side.
- Such a second semiconductor layer 3 is formed by applying a coating thermal diffusion method in which paste-like P 2 O 5 is applied to the surface of the silicon substrate 1 to thermally diffuse, or gaseous POCl 3 (phosphorus oxychloride) as a diffusion source.
- the gas phase thermal diffusion method is used.
- the second semiconductor layer 3 is formed to have a depth of about 0.1 to 2 ⁇ m and a sheet resistance value of about 40 to 200 ⁇ / ⁇ .
- the silicon substrate 1 is heat-treated for about 5 to 30 minutes at a temperature of about 600 to 800 ° C. in an atmosphere having a diffusion gas composed of POCl 3 or the like, and the phosphor glass is applied to the surface of the silicon substrate 1.
- a second semiconductor layer 3 is formed on the first main surface 1 a side of the silicon substrate 1.
- the second semiconductor layer formed on the second main surface 1b side is used. Etch away. Thereby, the p-type conductivity type region is exposed on the second main surface 1b side.
- the second semiconductor layer formed on the second main surface 1b side is removed by immersing only the second main surface 1b side of the silicon substrate 1 in a hydrofluoric acid solution. Thereafter, the phosphorus glass adhering to the first main surface 1a side of the silicon substrate 1 when the second semiconductor layer 3 is formed is removed by etching.
- the phosphor glass is left on the first main surface 1a side, and the second semiconductor layer formed on the second main surface 1b side is removed by etching. Thereby, it can reduce that the 2nd semiconductor layer 3 by the side of the 1st main surface 1a is removed or damaged. At this time, the second semiconductor layer formed on the side surface 1c of the silicon substrate 1 may also be removed.
- a diffusion mask is formed in advance on the second main surface 1b side, the second semiconductor layer 3 is formed by a vapor phase thermal diffusion method, and then the diffusion mask is formed. It may be removed.
- a similar structure can be formed by such a process. In that case, since the second semiconductor layer is not formed on the second main surface 1b side, the step of removing the second semiconductor layer on the second main surface 1b side becomes unnecessary.
- the polycrystalline silicon substrate 1 including the first semiconductor layer 2 in which the second semiconductor layer 3 as the n-type semiconductor layer is disposed on the first main surface 1a side and the texture is formed on the surface is prepared. it can.
- a passivation layer 9 made of aluminum oxide and a protective layer 11 made of silicon oxide are formed on the first main surface 1a of the first semiconductor layer 2 and the second main surface 1b of the second semiconductor layer 3.
- the silicon substrate 1 on which the second semiconductor layer 3 is formed is placed in the chamber of the film forming apparatus. Then, in a state where the silicon substrate 1 is heated to a temperature range of 100 ° C. to 250 ° C., the following steps A to D are repeated a plurality of times to form a passivation layer 9 made of aluminum oxide and a protective layer 11 made of silicon oxide. Form. Thereby, the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11 having a desired thickness are formed.
- Steps A to D are as follows.
- a silicon raw material such as bisdiethylaminosilane (BDEAS) for forming a silicon oxide layer or an aluminum raw material such as trimethylaluminum (TMA) for forming aluminum oxide is a carrier such as Ar gas or nitrogen gas. Together with the gas, it is supplied onto the silicon substrate 1. Thereby, the silicon raw material or the aluminum raw material is adsorbed on the entire periphery of the silicon substrate 1.
- the time for supplying BDEAS or TMA may be, for example, about 15 to 3000 milliseconds.
- the surface of the silicon substrate 1 is preferably terminated with an OH group. That is, it is preferable that the surface of the silicon substrate 1 has a Si—O—H structure.
- This structure can be formed, for example, by treating the silicon substrate 1 with dilute hydrofluoric acid and then washing with pure water.
- Step B By purifying the inside of the chamber of the film forming apparatus with nitrogen gas, the silicon material or aluminum material in the chamber is removed. Further, silicon raw materials or aluminum raw materials other than components chemically adsorbed at the atomic layer level are removed from the silicon raw materials or aluminum raw materials physically adsorbed and chemically adsorbed on the silicon substrate 1.
- the time required for purifying the inside of the chamber with nitrogen gas may be, for example, about 1 to several tens of seconds.
- Step C By supplying an oxidizing agent such as water or ozone gas into the chamber of the film forming apparatus, the alkyl group contained in BDEAS or TMA is removed and replaced with an OH group. Thereby, an atomic layer of silicon oxide or aluminum oxide is formed on the silicon substrate 1.
- the time during which the oxidizing agent is supplied into the chamber is preferably about 750 to 1100 milliseconds. Further, for example, by supplying H together with the oxidizing agent into the chamber, hydrogen atoms are more easily contained in silicon oxide or aluminum oxide.
- Step D By purifying the inside of the chamber of the film forming apparatus with nitrogen gas, the oxidizing agent in the chamber is removed. At this time, for example, an oxidant that has not contributed to the reaction during the formation of silicon oxide or aluminum oxide at the atomic layer level on the silicon substrate 1 is removed. Note that the time for purging the inside of the chamber with nitrogen gas may be about 1 to several tens of seconds, for example.
- steps A to D are repeated a plurality of times to form a silicon oxide layer or an aluminum oxide layer having a desired film thickness.
- the metal raw material may be used.
- TEMAZ tetrakismethylethylaminozirconium
- zirconium raw material when forming with zirconium oxide.
- hafnium raw material for forming hafnium oxide TEMAH (tetrakismethylethylaminohafnium) or the like may be used.
- both the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11 are formed by the ALD method, the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11 can be formed in the same chamber without taking the silicon substrate 1 into the atmosphere. Thereby, formation of defects at the interface between the two layers and a decrease in the passivation effect due to mixing of impurities hardly occur, and the productivity may be excellent.
- silicon oxide and aluminum oxide are stacked using BDEAS as the silicon raw material and TMA as the aluminum raw material
- other raw materials may be used as the silicon raw material and the aluminum raw material.
- a raw material supply temperature eg, within a range of ⁇ 20 to 120 ° C.
- TDMAS trisdimethylaminosilane
- HMDSN hexamethyldisilazane
- the formed silicon oxide layer contains carbon, nitrogen, or the like.
- triethylaluminum (TEA) or the like can be used as the aluminum raw material.
- the material that can be supplied in a gaseous state may be supplied after being diluted with nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas or the like as a carrier gas. By adjusting the gas species of the source gas and the carrier gas and the mixing ratio thereof, the content of the constituent elements in the formed film can be adjusted.
- an antireflection layer 5 made of a silicon nitride film is formed on the first main surface 1 a side of the silicon substrate 1, that is, on the second semiconductor layer 3.
- the antireflection layer 5 is formed using, for example, a PECVD method or a sputtering method. If the PECVD method is used, the silicon substrate 1 is heated in advance at a temperature higher than the temperature during film formation. Thereafter, a mixed gas of silane (SiH 4 ) and ammonia (NH 3 ) is diluted with nitrogen (N 2 ) on the heated silicon substrate 1, and the reaction pressure is set to 50 to 200 Pa to be plasmatized by glow discharge decomposition and deposited. By doing so, the antireflection layer 5 is formed.
- the film formation temperature at this time is set to about 350 to 650 ° C., and the preheating temperature is set to about 50 ° C. higher than the film formation temperature. Further, a frequency of 10 to 500 kHz is used as the frequency of the high frequency power source necessary for glow discharge.
- the gas flow rate is appropriately determined depending on the size of the reaction chamber.
- the gas flow rate is preferably in the range of 150 to 6000 ml / min (sccm), and the silane flow rate A and the ammonia flow rate B.
- the flow rate ratio B / A may be 0.5-15.
- the third semiconductor layer 4 in which one conductivity type semiconductor impurity is diffused at a high concentration is formed.
- the third semiconductor layer 4 can be formed at a temperature of about 800 to 1100 ° C. using, for example, a thermal diffusion method using boron tribromide (BBr 3 ) as a diffusion source.
- the third semiconductor layer 4 is a method in which an aluminum paste made of aluminum powder, an organic vehicle, or the like is applied by a printing method and then heat treated (baked) at a temperature of about 600 to 850 ° C. to diffuse aluminum into the silicon substrate 1. Can also be formed.
- the desired diffusion region can be formed only on the printing surface, but also the n-type reverse conductivity type layer formed on the second main surface 1b side in the formation process of the second semiconductor layer 3 needs to be removed. Nor. Therefore, after a desired diffusion region is formed, unnecessary pn junction portions can be separated by laser irradiation or the like only on the outer peripheral portion of the first main surface 1a or the second main surface 1b.
- the first electrode 6, the second electrode 7, and the third electrode 8 are formed as follows.
- the first electrode 6 is manufactured using, for example, a metal paste containing silver as a main component, an organic vehicle, and a glass frit (first metal paste). First, this first metal paste is applied to the first main surface 1 a of the silicon substrate 1. Thereafter, the first electrode 6 is formed by firing the first metal paste in a firing furnace under conditions where the maximum temperature is 600 to 850 ° C. and the heating time is several tens of seconds to several tens of minutes. As the coating method, a screen printing method or the like can be used. And after application
- the first electrode 6 includes the output extraction electrode 6a and the current collection electrode 6b, but the output extraction electrode 6a and the current collection electrode 6b can be formed in one step by using screen printing.
- the second electrode 7 is manufactured using a metal paste (second metal paste) containing metal powder containing silver as a main component, an organic vehicle, glass frit, and the like.
- a metal paste second metal paste
- a screen printing method or the like can be used as a method for applying the second metal paste to the silicon substrate 1.
- the solvent may be evaporated and dried at a predetermined temperature.
- the second electrode 7 is formed on the silicon substrate 1 by firing the second metal paste in a firing furnace under conditions where the maximum temperature is 600 to 850 ° C. and the heating time is about several tens of seconds to several tens of minutes. It is formed on the second main surface 1b side.
- the third electrode 8 is manufactured using a metal paste (third metal paste) containing a metal powder containing aluminum as a main component, an organic vehicle, and glass frit.
- This third metal paste is applied onto the second main surface 1b of the silicon substrate 1 so as to be in contact with a part of the second metal paste previously applied.
- a coating method a screen printing method or the like can be used.
- the solvent may be evaporated and dried at a predetermined temperature.
- the third electrode 8 becomes the second electrode of the silicon substrate 1. It is formed on the main surface 1b side.
- the third semiconductor layer 4 and the third electrode 8 may be simultaneously formed using the third metal paste.
- the third metal paste is applied to the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer. 11 is applied directly to a predetermined area. Thereafter, a fire-through method in which high-temperature heat treatment with a maximum temperature of 600 to 850 ° C. may be used. In this fire-through method, the applied third metal paste component breaks through the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11, and the third semiconductor layer 4 is formed on the second main surface 1b side of the silicon substrate 1, and the third semiconductor layer 4 is formed thereon. Electrode 8 is formed.
- the solar cell element 10 can be manufactured through the above steps.
- the third electrode 8 may be formed after the second electrode 7 is formed. Further, the second electrode 7 does not need to be in direct contact with the silicon substrate 1, and a passivation layer 9 may exist between the second electrode 7 and the silicon substrate 1.
- first electrode 6, the second electrode 7, and the third electrode 8 may be formed by applying the respective metal pastes and firing them simultaneously. Thereby, productivity can be improved, the thermal history of the silicon substrate 1 can be reduced, and the output characteristics of the solar cell element 10 can be improved.
- Second Embodiment a second embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell) type solar cell element will be described. A description of portions common to the first embodiment is omitted.
- PERC Passivated Emitter Rear Cell
- the solar cell element 10 has a third electrode 8 formed on a protective layer 11. Furthermore, the third electrode 8 is also formed on the passivation layer 9 and on the second main surface 1b of the silicon substrate 1 where the protective layer 11 is not formed. Thus, the third electrode 8 is formed so as to cover substantially the entire surface of the second main surface 1 b of the silicon substrate 1.
- the third electrode 8 even if the third electrode 8 is formed on the protective layer 11, moisture permeability from the outside can be suppressed so that the passivation effect is not impaired. Thereby, reliability can be improved without impairing the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell element 10. Further, the collected carriers can be efficiently moved to the second electrode 7 by forming the third electrode 8 so as to cover substantially the entire second main surface 1 b of the silicon substrate 1. For this reason, the initial photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell element 10 can be increased.
- silicon nitride formed by the above-described PECVD method may be disposed as another passivation layer.
- the formation of silicon nitride makes it difficult for the passivation layer 9 to be fired through when the third metal paste is fired.
- the protective layer 11 made of silicon oxide formed by the ALD method is formed, there is an effect of reducing plasma damage to the passivation layer 9.
- a passivation layer 9 is formed on the second main surface 1 b of the silicon substrate 1 including the second semiconductor layer 3 and a protective layer 11 is formed on the passivation layer 9 by the same method as in the first embodiment.
- the contact hole may be formed by, for example, laser beam irradiation or may be formed by etching or the like.
- a third metal paste containing glass frit and aluminum powder is applied to a predetermined region on the contact hole and the protective layer 11.
- the third electrode 8 is formed by firing the third metal paste under the conditions that the maximum temperature is 600 to 800 ° C. and the heating time is about several tens of seconds to several tens of minutes.
- the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11 may not be fired through. In this case, for example, it is preferable to lower the firing temperature, shorten the firing time, or use lead-free glass in the composition of the glass frit.
- the initial photoelectric conversion efficiency can be maintained by setting the thickness of the protective layer 11 to 3 to 15 nm. Further, by using such a protective layer 11, it is possible to prevent the passivation layer 9 from being fired through with the third metal paste when the third electrode 8 is formed. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a highly reliable solar cell element 10 by making it difficult to lower the initial photoelectric conversion efficiency due to the reduction of the passivation effect.
- the solar cell module 20 includes one or more solar cell elements 10 described above.
- the solar cell module 20 may include, for example, a plurality of solar cell elements 10 that are electrically connected to each other.
- Such a solar cell module 20 is formed by connecting a plurality of solar cell elements 10 in series or in parallel, for example, when the electric output of a single solar cell element 10 is small. And a practical electrical output is taken out by the combination of the plurality of solar cell modules 20.
- the solar cell module 20 includes a plurality of solar cell elements 10 will be described.
- the solar cell module 20 includes, for example, a transparent member 23, a front side filler 24, a plurality of solar cell elements 10, a wiring conductor 21, a back side filler 25, and a back surface protective material 26.
- the laminated body is provided.
- the transparent member 23 is a member for protecting the light receiving surface that receives sunlight in the solar cell module 20.
- the transparent member 23 may be a transparent flat plate member, for example.
- the front side filler 24 and the back side filler 25 may be transparent fillers, for example.
- the back surface protective material 26 is a member for protecting the back surface of the solar cell module 20.
- a material of the back surface protective material 26 for example, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinyl fluoride resin (PVF) is adopted.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PVF polyvinyl fluoride resin
- the back surface protective material 26 may have a single layer structure or a laminated structure.
- the wiring conductor 21 is a member (connecting member) that electrically connects the plurality of solar cell elements 10. Solar cell elements 10 adjacent in one direction among the plurality of solar cell elements 10 included in the solar cell module 20 are electrically connected.
- the output extraction electrode 6 a of one solar cell element 10 and the second electrode 7 of the other solar cell element 10 are connected by a wiring conductor 21.
- the thickness of the wiring conductor 21 may be, for example, 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
- the width of the wiring conductor 21 may be about 2 mm, for example.
- the solar cell module 20 may be provided with the frame 27 which hold
- a material of the frame 27 for example, an aluminum alloy having corrosion resistance and strength is employed.
- a solar cell module 20 using the solar cell element 10 provided with the protective layer 11 is produced.
- the passivation layer 9 can be protected by the protective layer 11 from moisture that has penetrated into the solar cell module 20.
- deterioration of the passivation layer 9 can be reduced, and the reliability of the solar cell module 20 can be improved.
- EVA EVA
- the material of the back side filler 25 since EVA contains vinyl acetate, hydrolysis occurs over time due to permeation of moisture or moisture at a high temperature to generate acetic acid. There is.
- the protective layer 11 is provided on the passivation layer 9, the adverse effect of the generated acetic acid on the passivation layer 9 and the like can be reduced. As a result, the long-term reliability of the solar cell module 20 is improved.
- EVA EVA
- an acid acceptor containing magnesium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide may be added to this EVA.
- the acetic acid produced from EVA can be neutralized, the durability of the solar cell module 20 is improved, and the adverse effect of the acetic acid on the passivation layer 9 and the like can be reduced. As a result, the reliability of the solar cell module 20 is ensured over a long period of time.
- ⁇ Method for manufacturing solar cell module> A specific method for manufacturing the solar cell module 20 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. First, a plurality of solar cell elements 10 are arranged in series and parallel, and the adjacent solar cell elements 10 are electrically connected by the wiring conductor 21. For example, as a method of connecting the wiring conductor 21 using solder, a soldering iron, hot air, laser, pulse heat, or the like can be used. By such a method, the wiring conductor 21 is soldered to the output extraction electrode 6a and the second electrode 7.
- the front-side filler 24 is placed on the transparent member 23, and a plurality of solar cell elements 10 connected to the wiring conductor 21 and the output extraction wiring 22 are further placed thereon. Furthermore, the back side filler 25 and the back surface protective material 26 are sequentially laminated thereon. Thereafter, the output extraction wiring 22 is led out to the outside of the back surface protective material 26 from the slits provided in the respective members on the back surface side.
- the laminate in such a state is set in a laminator and heated at about 80 to 200 ° C., for example, for 15 to 60 minutes while being pressurized under reduced pressure. Thereby, the solar cell module with which the laminated body was integrated can be obtained.
- the terminal box 28 is attached. Specifically, the terminal box 28 is attached to the back surface protective material 26 from which the output lead-out wiring 22 is led out using an adhesive such as silicone. Then, the plus and minus output lead-out wirings 22 are fixed to terminals (not shown) of the terminal box 28 by soldering or the like. Thereafter, a lid is attached to the terminal box 28.
- the frame 27 made of aluminum alloy or the like is attached to the outer periphery of the main body to complete the solar cell module 20.
- the frame 27 can be attached, for example, by fixing its corners to the outer periphery of the main body with screws or the like. In this way, the solar cell module 20 is completed.
- the silicon substrate 1 may be cleaned before forming the passivation layer 9.
- the cleaning process include hydrofluoric acid treatment, RCA cleaning (cleaning method developed by RCA, USA, high temperature / high concentration sulfuric acid / hydrogen peroxide solution, dilute hydrofluoric acid (room temperature), ammonia water / hydrogen peroxide. Cleaning method using water or hydrochloric acid / hydrogen peroxide solution) and hydrofluoric acid treatment after this cleaning, or SPM (Sulfuric® Acid / Hydrogen® Peroxide / Water Mixture) cleaning and cleaning method using hydrofluoric acid treatment after this cleaning, etc. Can be used.
- the solar cell element 10 is a back contact type solar cell element such as a metal wrap through structure in which a part of the first electrode 6 is provided on the second main surface 10b side, or an IBC (Interdigitated Back Contact) structure. There may be. Moreover, the solar cell element 10 of the double-sided light reception type in which light can enter from both surfaces of the 1st main surface 10a and the 2nd main surface 10b may be sufficient.
- a silicon substrate 1 mainly composed of an n-type semiconductor region and a p-type semiconductor region formed on one main surface of the substrate may be used.
- the solar cell element 10 can be provided that includes the passivation layer 9 made of aluminum oxide and the protective layer 11 made of a silicon oxide layer on the p-type semiconductor region. The effect can be expected.
- the antireflection layer 5 made of silicon nitride may be formed after the passivation layer 9 on the first main surface 1a side of the silicon substrate 1 is removed by etching.
- a silicon nitride layer having a positive fixed charge is formed on the second semiconductor layer 3 that is an n-type semiconductor layer, so that the initial photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved by the passivation effect of the silicon nitride layer.
- the antireflection layer 5 made of a silicon nitride layer may be formed on the first main surface 1a side of the silicon substrate 1 before forming the first passivation layer 9a.
- a laser beam may be irradiated.
- residues of the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11 after the laser beam irradiation are removed using low-concentration hydrofluoric acid or the like. Thereby, the contact resistance between the first main surface 1a of the silicon substrate 1 and the third electrode 8 can be reduced.
- a step of applying a third metal paste for forming the third semiconductor layer 4 by fire-through, and a third metal paste for forming the third semiconductor layer 4 by performing fire-through a step of applying a fourth metal paste that is hard to be fired through, using a lead-free glass frit, on each of the protective layers 11 may be employed. Further, in the firing step of the third metal paste and the fourth metal paste, the firing temperature of the fourth metal paste may be lowered to make it difficult for the passivation layer 9 and the protective layer 11 to be fire-through.
- a polycrystalline silicon substrate having a square side of about 156 mm and a thickness of about 200 ⁇ m in plan view was prepared as the silicon substrate 1 having the p-type first semiconductor layer 2.
- the silicon substrate 1 was etched with an aqueous NaOH solution to remove the damaged layer on the surface. Thereafter, the silicon substrate 1 was cleaned. And the texture was formed in the 1st main surface 1a side of the silicon substrate 1 using RIE method.
- phosphorus was diffused into the silicon substrate 1 by vapor phase thermal diffusion using phosphorus oxychloride (POCl 3 ) as a diffusion source.
- POCl 3 phosphorus oxychloride
- the n-type second semiconductor region 3 having a sheet resistance of about 90 ⁇ / ⁇ was formed.
- the second semiconductor layer 3 was also formed on the side surface 1c and the first main surface 1a side of the silicon substrate 1, the second semiconductor layer 3 was removed with a hydrofluoric acid solution. Thereafter, the glass remaining on the silicon substrate 1 was removed with a hydrofluoric acid solution.
- an aluminum oxide layer was formed as the first passivation layer 9a on the entire surface of the silicon substrate 1 using the ALD method.
- a silicon oxide layer was formed as the protective layer 11 using the ALD method.
- the protective layer 11 having a laminated structure of a silicon oxide layer and a zirconium oxide layer was formed as the protective layer 11 using the ALD method.
- the protective layer 11 having a laminated structure of a silicon oxide layer and a hafnium oxide layer was formed as the protective layer 11 using the ALD method.
- the ALD method was performed as follows.
- the silicon substrate 1 was placed in the chamber of the film forming apparatus, and the surface temperature of the silicon substrate 1 was maintained at about 100 to 200 ° C.
- TMA was used as an aluminum raw material.
- BDEAS or TDMAS was used as the silicon raw material.
- TEMAZ was used as a zirconium raw material.
- TEMAH was used as a hafnium raw material.
- O 3 gas was used as the oxidizing agent.
- the first passivation layer 9a (Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 1 to 16) made of aluminum oxide having a thickness of about 30 nm was formed by repeating the above-described Step A to Step D a plurality of times.
- the protective layer 11 (Examples 1 to 16) having a single layer structure of silicon oxide having a thickness of 5 to 20 nm was formed by repeating the steps A to D a plurality of times.
- the carbon concentration in the silicon oxide was increased by using CO 2 gas as the carrier gas when forming the protective layer 11.
- the protective layer 11 (Example 15) having a laminated structure of a silicon oxide layer having a thickness of 5 nm and a zirconium oxide layer having a thickness of 2 nm was formed. Further, in the same manner as described above, protective layer 11 (Example 16) having a laminated structure of a silicon oxide layer having a thickness of 5 nm and a hafnium oxide layer having a thickness of 2 nm was formed.
- Example 12 to 14 the other manufacturing conditions are the same as in Example 2, and the thickness of 0.3 to 1 nm made of silicon oxide is formed on the silicon substrate 1 before the formation of the first passivation layer 9a made of aluminum oxide.
- the second passivation layer 9b was formed by the ALD method.
- the protective layer 11 was not formed. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 2, the protective layer 11 made of silicon oxide was formed by PECVD.
- an antireflection layer 5 made of a silicon nitride film was formed on the protective layer 11 on the first main surface 1a side by PECVD. Then, a silver paste was applied to the pattern of the first electrode 6 on the first main surface 1a side, and a silver paste was applied to the pattern of the second electrode 7 on the second main surface 1b side. In addition, an aluminum paste was applied to the pattern of the third electrode 8 on the second main surface 1b side. And the 3rd semiconductor region 4, the 1st electrode 6, the 2nd electrode 7, and the 3rd electrode 8 were formed by baking these conductive pastes, and the solar cell element 10 was produced.
- Table 1 shows the formation conditions of the solar cell elements used in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 1 to 16.
- concentrations, such as carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen which are contained in the protective layer 11 of the solar cell element 10 used in each Example and Comparative Example 2 were measured by the SIMS method.
- “not detected” means that less than 0.01 atomic% was not detected.
- the thickness of the protective layer 11 and the like was measured with a spectroscopic ellipsometer or TEM (transmission electron microscope).
- a solar cell module 20 as shown in FIG. 8 was produced, and the following reliability test was performed for each of the examples and comparative examples 1 and 2.
- the solar cell module 20 of each Example and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 was put into a constant temperature and humidity tester having a temperature of 125 ° C. and a humidity of 95%, and after 150 hours and 400 hours, the initial maximum output (hereinafter referred to as the maximum output) , Pm) was measured.
- the Pm of the solar cell module was measured under the conditions of AM (Air Mass) 1.5 and 100 mW / cm 2 based on JIS C 8913. These measurement results are also shown in Table 1.
- the Pm values shown in Table 1 are obtained by standardizing the measurement results of Comparative Example 2 and Examples 1 to 16, with Comparative Example 1 being 100.
- the decrease in Pm in Comparative Example 2 is considered to be because the passivation layer 9 was deteriorated by plasma when the protective layer 11 was produced by the PECVD method. Moreover, the following causes can be considered for the result of the output reduction rate of the solar cell module 20 in the reliability test of Comparative Example 2. Since the thickness of the protective layer 11 formed by the PECVD method is not uniform, it is considered that the penetration of moisture proceeds in the thin region of the protective layer 11 and the passivation layer 9 is selectively deteriorated.
- Comparative Example 1 is used. It was confirmed that the Pm was equal to or higher than.
- Example 11 since the thickness of the protective layer 11 of silicon oxide having a fixed charge opposite to that of aluminum oxide was 20 nm, Pm was slightly lower than that in Comparative Example 1, but was lower than that in Comparative Example 2. Confirmed that it was high.
- Example 1 Examples 3 to 6, and Example 10, it was confirmed that the output decrease rate in the reliability test of the solar cell module was particularly small.
- the results of the output reduction rate in Example 1 and Examples 3 to 6 are considered to be because the moisture permeability decreased due to the increase in the carbon concentration in the protective layer 11.
- the result of the output reduction rate of Example 1 is considered to be because the moisture permeability is reduced due to the presence of nitrogen as compared with the result of Example 5.
- the result of the output reduction rate of Example 10 is considered to be that the moisture permeability was reduced even when the carbon concentration was low because the silicon oxide was formed thick.
- the film thickness of the whole protective layer 11 can be reduced, and the output reduction rate of the solar cell module 20 compared with Example 7 with the same protective layer 11 thickness. It was found that can be reduced.
- the moisture reaching the passivation layer 9 is similar to the case where carbon is contained when nitrogen is present in the protective layer 11 in an amount of about 0.1 to 0.5 atomic%. It has been found that the amount of can be reduced.
Abstract
Description
<太陽電池素子>
本実施形態に係る太陽電池素子10を図1~4に示す。太陽電池素子10は、図3に示すように、主に光が入射する受光面である第1主面10aと、この第1主面10aの反対側に位置する一方主面(裏面)である第2主面10bと、側面10cとを有する。また、太陽電池素子10は、半導体基板としてシリコン基板1を備えている。シリコン基板1も第1主面1aと、この第1主面1aの反対側に位置する第2主面1bと、側面1cとを有する。シリコン基板1は、一導電型(例えばp型)半導体領域である第1半導体層2と、第1半導体層2における第1主面1a側に設けられた逆導電型(例えばn型)半導体領域である第2半導体層3とを有する。さらに、太陽電池素子10は、第3半導体層4、反射防止層5、第1電極6、第2電極7、第3電極8、パッシベーション層9および保護層11を備えている。
次に、太陽電池素子10の製造方法の各工程について、詳細に説明する。
次に、本発明をPERC(Passivated Emitter Rear Cell)型の太陽電池素子に適用した第2の実施形態について説明する。第1の実施形態と共通する部分については説明を省略する。
図6および図7に示すように、太陽電池素子10は保護層11の上に第3電極8が形成されている。さらに、パッシベーション層9の上、および保護層11が形成されていない、シリコン基板1の第2主面1bの上にも第3電極8が形成されている。このように、第3電極8はシリコン基板1の第2主面1bの略全面を覆うように形成されている。
第1の実施形態と同様の方法によって、第2半導体層3を備えたシリコン基板1の第2主面1b上にパッシベーション層9を形成し、パッシベーション層9の上に保護層11を形成する。
太陽電池モジュール20は、上述した太陽電池素子10を1つ以上備えている。太陽電池モジュール20は、例えば、互いに電気的に接続されている複数の太陽電池素子10を備えていればよい。このような太陽電池モジュール20は、単独の太陽電池素子10の電気出力が小さな場合に、複数の太陽電池素子10が例えば直列または並列に接続されることで形成される。そして、複数の太陽電池モジュール20が組み合わされることで、実用的な電気出力が取り出される。以下では、太陽電池モジュール20が、複数の太陽電池素子10を備えている一例を挙げて説明する。
図8および図9を用いて具体的な太陽電池モジュール20の製造方法について詳述する。まず、複数の太陽電池素子10を直並列に配置して、隣り合う太陽電池素子10同士を配線導体21によって電気的に接続する。例えば半田を用いた配線導体21の接続方法としては、半田ごて、ホットエアー、レーザーまたはパルスヒート等を用いることができる。このような方法によって、配線導体21は、出力取出電極6aおよび第2電極7に半田付けされる。
1a:第1主面
1b:第2主面
1c:側面
2 :第1半導体層(p型半導体領域)
3 :第2半導体層(n型半導体領域)
4 :第3半導体層
5 :反射防止層
6 :第1電極
6a:出力取出電極
6b:集電電極
7 :第2電極
8 :第3電極
9 :パッシベーション層
9a:第1パッシベーション層
9b:第2パッシベーション層
10 :太陽電池素子
10a:第1主面
10b:第2主面
10c:側面
11 :保護層
20 :太陽電池モジュール
21 :配線導体
22 :出力取出配線
23 :透明部材
24 :表側充填材
25 :裏側充填材
26 :裏側保護材
27 :枠体
28 :端子ボックス
Claims (10)
- 一方主面にp型半導体領域を有する半導体基板と、
前記p型半導体領域の上に配置された、酸化アルミニウムを含む第1パッシベーション層と、
該第1パッシベーション層の上に配置された、水素および炭素を含有している酸化シリコンを含む保護層と
を備えている太陽電池素子。 - 前記保護層は窒素をさらに含有している、請求項1に記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記p型半導体領域と前記第1パッシベーション層との間に酸化シリコンを含む第2パッシベーション層が配置されている、請求項1または2に記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記保護層は、水素濃度が1~10原子%であり、かつ炭素濃度が1~10原子%である、請求項1乃至3のいずれかに記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記保護層の厚さが3~15nmである、請求項1乃至4のいずれかに記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記保護層は、酸化シリコン層と、ジルコニウムおよびハフニウムのうち1種以上を含む1層以上の金属酸化物層とが積層された構造を有している、請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記第1パッシベーション層は前記保護層よりも厚い、請求項1乃至6のいずれかに記載の太陽電池素子。
- 前記半導体基板の前記一方主面の反対側に位置する他方主面にn型半導体領域が配置されており、該n型半導体領域の上に窒化シリコン層が配置されている、請求項1乃至7のいずれかに記載の太陽電池素子。
- 一方主面にp型半導体領域を有する半導体基板を備えている太陽電池素子の製造方法であって、
前記半導体基板を準備する工程と、
前記半導体基板の前記p型半導体領域の上に、原子層堆積法によって酸化アルミニウムを含む第1パッシベーション層を配置する工程と、
前記第1パッシベーション層上に、原子層堆積法によって水素および炭素を含有している酸化シリコンを含む保護層を形成する工程と、
を備えている太陽電池素子の製造方法。 - 請求項1乃至8のいずれかに記載の太陽電池素子を備えている太陽電池モジュール。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016523463A JP6285545B2 (ja) | 2014-05-29 | 2015-05-22 | 太陽電池素子および太陽電池モジュール |
CN201580021586.2A CN106463548B (zh) | 2014-05-29 | 2015-05-22 | 太阳能电池元件以及太阳能电池模块 |
EP15799245.4A EP3151286B1 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2015-05-22 | Solar cell element, method for manufacturing same and solar cell module |
US15/342,355 US20170077321A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2016-11-03 | Solar cell element, method for manufacturing solar cell element and solar cell module |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014111370 | 2014-05-29 | ||
JP2014-111370 | 2014-05-29 | ||
JP2014-132434 | 2014-06-27 | ||
JP2014132434 | 2014-06-27 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US15/342,355 Continuation US20170077321A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2016-11-03 | Solar cell element, method for manufacturing solar cell element and solar cell module |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015182503A1 true WO2015182503A1 (ja) | 2015-12-03 |
Family
ID=54698836
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2015/064717 WO2015182503A1 (ja) | 2014-05-29 | 2015-05-22 | 太陽電池素子およびその製造方法並びに太陽電池モジュール |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170077321A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3151286B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6285545B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106463548B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015182503A1 (ja) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2017135385A (ja) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-03 | エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド | 太陽電池 |
JP2017174925A (ja) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | シャープ株式会社 | 光電変換素子 |
WO2018061703A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 太陽電池モジュール |
JPWO2017187623A1 (ja) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-08-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 太陽電池の製造方法および太陽電池 |
WO2018198683A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 | 2018-11-01 | 京セラ株式会社 | 太陽電池素子および太陽電池素子の製造方法 |
US10622500B2 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2020-04-14 | Kyocera Corporation | Solar cell element and solar cell module |
EP3493272A4 (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2020-04-29 | Kyocera Corporation | SOLAR CELL ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SOLAR CELL ELEMENT |
DE102016125714B4 (de) | 2016-10-06 | 2021-08-12 | Hyundai Motor Company | Verfahren des Verpackens einer Solarzelle mittels eines Barrierefilms mit verbesserter Feuchtigkeitsbeständigkeit |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112531074A (zh) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-19 | 浙江爱旭太阳能科技有限公司 | 背面钝化太阳能电池及其制备方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008533731A (ja) * | 2005-03-17 | 2008-08-21 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | シリコン酸化物含有膜の形成方法 |
WO2011033826A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-24 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 太陽電池、その製造方法及び太陽電池モジュール |
JP2012253356A (ja) * | 2011-06-06 | 2012-12-20 | Imec | ブリスターを伴わずにシリコン表面をパッシベーションする方法 |
US20130330936A1 (en) * | 2011-02-07 | 2013-12-12 | Technische Universiteit Eindhoven | METHOD OF DEPOSITION OF Al2O3/SiO2 STACKS, FROM ALUMINIUM AND SILICON PRECURSORS |
WO2014030765A1 (ja) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-02-27 | 京セラ株式会社 | 太陽電池素子 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101488529A (zh) * | 2008-01-16 | 2009-07-22 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | 太阳能电池的钝化层结构及其制造方法 |
US20100263721A1 (en) * | 2009-04-20 | 2010-10-21 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Transparent solar cell |
CN103430319B (zh) * | 2011-03-31 | 2016-01-20 | 京瓷株式会社 | 太阳能电池元件及太阳能电池模块 |
US8668277B2 (en) * | 2011-08-04 | 2014-03-11 | Michael E. Santana | Expandable shield |
US20130220410A1 (en) * | 2011-09-07 | 2013-08-29 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Precursors for Photovoltaic Passivation |
CN104064622A (zh) * | 2013-03-21 | 2014-09-24 | 晶科能源有限公司 | 一种抗电势诱导衰减的太阳能电池片及其制作方法 |
WO2015006247A1 (en) * | 2013-07-07 | 2015-01-15 | Solexel, Inc. | Surface passivation of high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells |
-
2015
- 2015-05-22 JP JP2016523463A patent/JP6285545B2/ja active Active
- 2015-05-22 WO PCT/JP2015/064717 patent/WO2015182503A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-05-22 EP EP15799245.4A patent/EP3151286B1/en active Active
- 2015-05-22 CN CN201580021586.2A patent/CN106463548B/zh active Active
-
2016
- 2016-11-03 US US15/342,355 patent/US20170077321A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008533731A (ja) * | 2005-03-17 | 2008-08-21 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | シリコン酸化物含有膜の形成方法 |
WO2011033826A1 (ja) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-03-24 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 太陽電池、その製造方法及び太陽電池モジュール |
US20130330936A1 (en) * | 2011-02-07 | 2013-12-12 | Technische Universiteit Eindhoven | METHOD OF DEPOSITION OF Al2O3/SiO2 STACKS, FROM ALUMINIUM AND SILICON PRECURSORS |
JP2012253356A (ja) * | 2011-06-06 | 2012-12-20 | Imec | ブリスターを伴わずにシリコン表面をパッシベーションする方法 |
WO2014030765A1 (ja) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-02-27 | 京セラ株式会社 | 太陽電池素子 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP3151286A4 * |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2017135385A (ja) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-03 | エルジー エレクトロニクス インコーポレイティド | 太陽電池 |
JP2017174925A (ja) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | シャープ株式会社 | 光電変換素子 |
JPWO2017187623A1 (ja) * | 2016-04-28 | 2018-08-16 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 太陽電池の製造方法および太陽電池 |
EP3493272A4 (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2020-04-29 | Kyocera Corporation | SOLAR CELL ELEMENT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SOLAR CELL ELEMENT |
US11101392B2 (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2021-08-24 | Kyocera Corporation | Solar cell element and method for manufacturing solar cell element |
WO2018061703A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-29 | 2018-04-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 太陽電池モジュール |
DE102016125714B4 (de) | 2016-10-06 | 2021-08-12 | Hyundai Motor Company | Verfahren des Verpackens einer Solarzelle mittels eines Barrierefilms mit verbesserter Feuchtigkeitsbeständigkeit |
WO2018198683A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 | 2018-11-01 | 京セラ株式会社 | 太陽電池素子および太陽電池素子の製造方法 |
US11081617B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2021-08-03 | Kyocera Corporation | Solar battery device and method for manufacturing solar battery device |
US10622500B2 (en) | 2017-07-27 | 2020-04-14 | Kyocera Corporation | Solar cell element and solar cell module |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3151286A4 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
EP3151286A1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
CN106463548B (zh) | 2018-07-24 |
US20170077321A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
CN106463548A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
JP6285545B2 (ja) | 2018-02-28 |
JPWO2015182503A1 (ja) | 2017-04-20 |
EP3151286B1 (en) | 2021-12-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6285545B2 (ja) | 太陽電池素子および太陽電池モジュール | |
JP5570654B2 (ja) | 太陽電池素子および太陽電池モジュール | |
JP5490231B2 (ja) | 太陽電池素子およびその製造方法ならびに太陽電池モジュール | |
US9847435B2 (en) | Solar cell element | |
WO2012008436A1 (ja) | 太陽電池の製造方法及び製膜装置 | |
JP5737204B2 (ja) | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 | |
TWI673883B (zh) | 太陽電池元件及太陽電池元件之製造方法 | |
JP5813212B2 (ja) | 太陽電池素子 | |
WO2016068237A1 (ja) | 太陽電池モジュール | |
JP2014011246A (ja) | 太陽電池素子および太陽電池モジュール | |
WO2013100085A1 (ja) | 太陽電池素子、太陽電池素子の製造方法および太陽電池モジュール | |
JP5477220B2 (ja) | 太陽電池及びその製造方法 | |
JP6426486B2 (ja) | 太陽電池素子の製造方法 | |
JP5744202B2 (ja) | アルミナ膜の形成方法 | |
TWI650872B (zh) | 太陽能電池及其製造方法、太陽能電池模組及太陽能電池發電系統 | |
JP6430842B2 (ja) | 太陽電池素子の製造方法および太陽電池モジュールの製造方法 | |
JP6336139B2 (ja) | 太陽電池素子およびその製造方法 | |
JP6571409B2 (ja) | 太陽電池素子およびその製造方法 | |
WO2017057618A1 (ja) | 太陽電池素子およびその製造方法並びに太陽電池モジュール | |
JP6317155B2 (ja) | 太陽電池素子 | |
KR20200023301A (ko) | 고효율 이면전극형 태양전지 및 그 제조방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15799245 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016523463 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2015799245 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2015799245 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |