WO2015177229A2 - Nouveau procede d'obtention de surfaces superhydrophobes ou superhydrophiles - Google Patents
Nouveau procede d'obtention de surfaces superhydrophobes ou superhydrophiles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015177229A2 WO2015177229A2 PCT/EP2015/061145 EP2015061145W WO2015177229A2 WO 2015177229 A2 WO2015177229 A2 WO 2015177229A2 EP 2015061145 W EP2015061145 W EP 2015061145W WO 2015177229 A2 WO2015177229 A2 WO 2015177229A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- nanoparticles
- coating
- deposition
- dip
- teos
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
- B05D5/083—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface involving the use of fluoropolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/002—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials the substrate being rotated
- B05D1/005—Spin coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
- B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/30—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by gravity only, i.e. flow coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/04—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases
- B05D3/0433—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to gases the gas being a reactive gas
- B05D3/044—Pretreatment
- B05D3/0446—Pretreatment of a polymeric substrate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
- B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
- B05D3/062—Pretreatment
- B05D3/063—Pretreatment of polymeric substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/10—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
- B05D3/107—Post-treatment of applied coatings
- B05D3/108—Curing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/14—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by electrical means
- B05D3/141—Plasma treatment
- B05D3/142—Pretreatment
- B05D3/144—Pretreatment of polymeric substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2201/00—Polymeric substrate or laminate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D2203/00—Other substrates
- B05D2203/30—Other inorganic substrates, e.g. ceramics, silicon
- B05D2203/35—Glass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surface texturing process giving them a superhydrophobic, superoleophobic, superhydrophilic or superoleophilic character.
- This method comprises i) a step of texturing the surface (via the deposition of nanoparticles of different sizes), ii) a step of crosslinking the surface thus textured (by a crosslinking agent), and optionally iii) a step of modifying the surface properties by perfluorinated (and therefore hydrophobic) molecules.
- This process is suitable, inter alia, for the treatment of surfaces and heat-sensitive and / or transparent materials. Indeed, none of the process steps use a temperature above 100 ° C.
- the method of the invention is particularly suitable for treating transparent surfaces composed of non-mineral materials such as polycarbonate, which it will affect neither the transparency nor the optical properties.
- a surface is called superhydrophobic when its surface is very difficult to wet. This is the case of lotus leaf, nasturtium or cabbage. It is the same for the duck feathers which remain dry at the exit of the water.
- the lotus effect is a phenomenon of superhydrophobia caused by a hierarchical surface roughness that is both microscopic and nanoscopic.
- the double structure is formed of an epidermis.
- the outer layer (or cuticle) contains a layer of wax.
- the epidermis of the leaf is formed of papillae of a few microns on which the wax rests. This layer of wax is hydrophobic and forms the second component of the double structure. The latter gives the surface of the lotus leaf self-cleaning capabilities: flowing, drops of water carry with them the dust and particles.
- a textured surface having no hydrophobic character will tend to be highly hydrophilic or even superhydrophilic (the contact angle with the water will then be close to 0 °).
- the surface is then completely wettable by water.
- the water film created by the condensation is continuous and therefore does not generate any visual nuisance. This opens perspectives of application in the fight against condensation and fogging on transparent surfaces or mirror.
- step i) To obtain a superhydrophilic surface, only step i) is necessary. These two successive treatments make it possible to obtain self-cleaning and anti-soiling surfaces, which is very important when they are used especially outside and therefore exposed to climatic conditions.
- the first commercial product that mimics the lotus effect was created in 1999 and consists of self-cleaning façade paint (Lotusan®). Other sectors of the industry have embraced this technology.
- the self-cleaning glasses of Ferro GmbH are another area of use: they have been installed in the optical sensors located at tolls on German motorways.
- EVONIK AG it has developed prototypes of lacquers and plastics.
- Other applications require, in addition to superhydrophobia or superhydrophilia, transparency. This is the case for example optical equipment (windows, lenses, glasses) or solar cells.
- Nanoparticles have been proposed in particular to control the roughness of surfaces in order to increase their hydrophobicity [Deng X. et al, Advanced Materials. 23 (26): p.2962].
- Nanoparticles have been used to make porous hydrophobic films (Ti0 2 , ZnO, etc.).
- these nanoparticles those based on silica (SiO 2 ) have a modulable size and excellent scratch resistance. They are now marketed, and their surface can be modified by silanization. Easy to use, they are currently used to cover surfaces using flat surfaces or microstructured substrates by several methods (“spin coating”, “dip coating” and “spray coating”).
- silica nanoparticles of several sizes (100 nm, 50 nm and 20 nm) functionalized with APTES were deposited on different substrates (glass, silica, epoxy and tissues), then annealed at 200 ° C or 400 ° C for 2 hours, to increase adhesion and ensure good mechanical stability. They were then covered with PFTS by vapor deposition.
- heat treatment is essential because it improves the stability of the nanoparticle coating against PDMS molding while maintaining superhydrophobicity after exposure to UV light (200 mW.cm -2 for 1 week) under the conditions ambient.
- the use of the APTES allows a transient affinity of the different populations of particles, created by electrostatic bonds between the amino group of the APTES (positively charged) and the hydroxyl groups of the silica (negatively charged). The cohesion of the assembly is then ensured by a high temperature annealing phase.
- thermosensitive materials generally causes an alteration of their transparency (they can crack and / or become opalescent). It is therefore essential not to heat these materials when their transparency must be preserved.
- Other examples use a covalent grafting of the particles together to form so-called “raspberry” particles (ie, consisting of an agglomerate of particles). Ming W. et al [Nano Letters. 5 (11). p.2298-2301) which reacts particles carrying epoxide functions (diameter 700nm) and particles carrying amine functions (diameter 70nm).
- the amine-epoxide interaction leads to the formation of a covalent bond between these particles.
- These particles are then included in an epoxy resin which must be partially or completely degraded to reveal a roughness but without ensuring mechanical strength.
- the particles are all functionalized before deposition, which does not leave a silica zone available for simple grafting of a hydrophobic molecule by a covalent bond, for example a perfluorinated silane. This method does not meet the requirements of a transparent and robust surface.
- Zhao et al [Colloids and Surface A. 339, p.26-34) propose carrying out from particles of silica coated with APTES particles carrying isocyanate functions. These particles then have a high reactivity which allows them to react with another population of particles and thus form aggregates (or "raspberries"). Zhao et al obtain aggregates of large sizes (> 5 ⁇ ) from complex mixtures of organic molecules. These particles require at least two treatments to be reactive with each other. The addition of polymer makes the reactivity and the cohesion of the aggregates difficult to control.
- the present inventors have sought to develop a method for easily and sustainably applying a superhydrophile or superhydrophobic coating, especially on a transparent and thermosensitive material, without risking altering its transparency.
- This process had to be simple and of low cost, and contain only low temperature steps ( ⁇ 180 ° C, preferably ⁇ 100 ° C).
- the superhydrophobic surfaces obtained by this process nevertheless had to exhibit good chemical resistance to detergents and solvents, as well as good physical resistance to abrasion and UV rays.
- This method is suitable, inter alia, for treating heat-sensitive surfaces since none of these steps involve heating the material or its surface to a temperature above 180 ° C. It can even, in some cases, be completely carried out at room temperature.
- This characteristic is important in that it makes it possible to treat transparent surfaces composed of non-mineral materials (such as for example polycarbonate) without affecting the transparency of said materials or its optical properties.
- the term "superhydrophobic" means a material which gives contact angles with water greater than 130 °, preferably greater than 140 °, even more preferably greater than 150 °. The contact angle is measured by depositing a drop of water on a flat surface of the material and measuring the angle that the tangent of the drop makes with the material.
- the term “superoleophobic” means a material which gives contact angles with oils greater than 130 °, preferably greater than 140 °, even more preferably greater than 150 °.
- the contact angle is measured by depositing a drop of oil on a flat surface of the material and measuring the angle that the tangent of the drop makes with the material.
- the term “superhydrophilic” is intended to mean a material which gives angles of contact with water of less than 10 °, preferably less than 5 °.
- the contact angle is measured by depositing a drop of water on a flat surface of the material and measuring the angle that the tangent of the drop makes with the material.
- the term "superoleophilic" means a material which gives contact angles with oils of less than 10 °, preferably less than 5 °. The contact angle is measured by depositing a drop of oil on a flat surface of the material and measuring the angle that the tangent of the drop makes with the material.
- the method therefore comprises at least i) a step of texturing the surface (via the deposition of nanoparticles of different sizes) and ii) a step of crosslinking at low temperature (preferably at room temperature) of the surface thus textured (by a crosslinking agent).
- a crosslinking agent is not sufficiently hydrophobic or is hydrophilic, it is possible to add, after this crosslinking step, a step of modifying the surface properties with the aid of hydrophobic molecules (for example perfluorinated molecules ).
- the present invention relates to a method for covering surfaces comprising at least the steps of: a) depositing at least two populations of nanoparticles of different sizes on the material to be treated, and
- the crosslinking agent is hydrophilic (for example if it is TEOS), this method therefore makes it possible to obtain superhydrophilic surfaces.
- this method contains a third step (c) of covering the surfaces obtained after steps a) and b) of perfluorinated molecules, which makes them superhydrophobic.
- steps a), b) and c) of this method involves heating the surface to be treated at a temperature greater than 180 ° C.
- This surface may especially consist of a composite containing carbon (graphene, carbon nanotubes, SiC, SiN, SiP, graphite), a polymeric material, a metal, an alloy, or an oxide metallic.
- carbon graphene, carbon nanotubes, SiC, SiN, SiP, graphite
- polymeric material a metal, an alloy, or an oxide metallic.
- metal a metal, an alloy, or an oxide metallic.
- it can be a composite of polymeric organic materials and inorganic materials. It can also be applied to organic materials such as wood or cotton.
- this surface may be steel, stainless steel, indium tin oxide (ITO), zinc, zinc sulphide aluminum, titanium, gold, chromium or nickel.
- this surface may be made of silicon, aluminum, germanium or oxides thereof or their alloys such as quartz, borosilicate glasses such as BK7, or soda-lime.
- PC polycarbonate
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PMMA poly methyl methacrylate
- PMMA polystyrene
- PE polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PAA polyacrylic acid
- PAM polyacrylamide
- PMA polyacrylate methyl
- PEA polyacrylate ethyl
- PBA polybutyl acrylate
- PMA polyfacid methacrylic acid
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- the process of the invention is applied to a surface consisting of at least 50%, preferably at least 75%, of silica, aluminum, germanium, oxides of those or alloys thereof. Ideally, it is a surface made of 100% of these compounds.
- the surface is transparent, made of glass or silica or polycarbonate.
- the method of the invention is applied to a surface made of a heat-sensitive material.
- heat-sensitive material in the present invention, a material whose structure, appearance, mechanical, optical, physical or chemical properties are impaired when heated to a temperature above 180 ° C.
- a heat-sensitive material By way of example of a heat-sensitive material, mention may be made of certain polymeric materials containing compounds such as polycarbonates, poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), polypropylene, polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyamides (PA), poly (terephthalate), ethylene) (PET), polyvinyl alcohols (PVAI), polystyrenes (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN), whose properties (strength, transparency, mechanical resistance ...) are impaired when heated to temperatures above 180 ° C.
- PMMA poly (methylmethacrylate)
- PMMA polypropylene
- PVA polyamides
- PA poly (terephthalate)
- PET polyvinyl alcohols
- PS polystyrenes
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- the process of the invention is applied to a material containing more than 50% polycarbonate or SiO x -coated polycarbonate composites.
- the activation of a surface consists of rendering a material wettable and reactive while it is initially inert with respect to the superhydrophilic or superhydrophobic layer that is to be grafted.
- the activation can be obtained by an ionizing treatment such as a UV-ozone, plasma or corona treatment which will create free radicals on the surface and insert high energy groups such as hydroxyl groups. These groups are then conducive to interaction with the superhydrophilic or superhydrophobic coatings described elsewhere in this document.
- the material to be coated or the surface to be treated
- is activated by a physical treatment such as UV-ozone treatment or plasma treatment.
- the conditions of these treatments are well known to those skilled in the art (see Example 14). This activation step is especially important when the surface is made of polymers, such as those described above.
- This physical activation step is not necessary when the surface to be covered is made of inorganic materials or metals such as those described above.
- an "adhesion agent” is an organic chemical compound that makes it possible to create a strong interaction, such as a covalent bond, between the surface and the various nanoparticles that will be deposited thereon.
- adhesion agents are, for example, dissymmetrical organic molecules carrying two functions making it possible to react sequentially with particles.
- the said adhesion agents are preferably organic monomer compounds comprising:
- this group may be for example a silane, a phosphonate or a thiol
- the adhesion agents that can be used to pretreat the surfaces in the process of the invention are the isocyanate silane compounds, among which mention may be made of 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl isocyanate (NCO-TMS) and 3- (triethoxysilyl). ) propyl isocyanate. Mention may also be made of epoxidized silane compounds such as, for example, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) or 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane.
- GTMS 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane
- GTPS 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane
- adhesion agents may be used when the surfaces to be treated are for example silicon, silica, glass, germanium, organic polymers, metal, alloy or metal oxide. Contrary to what is proposed by different teams, it is preferable not to cover the surface of interest with amino compounds such as aminoalkyl silane compounds (among which 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS) 4-aminobutyl triethoxysilane (ABTES), 3-aminopropyl triisopropoxysilane (APTiPrS) or 3-aminopropyl trichlorosilane (APTCS)).
- aminoalkyl silane compounds among which 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS) 4-aminobutyl triethoxysilane (ABTES), 3-aminopropyl triisopropoxy
- cationic polymers such as poly-lysine, polyalkylamine hydrochloride, or poly-N-vinylimidazole. Indeed, all these compounds create weak bonds with the nanoparticles which will then be added, these weak bonds being detrimental to the stability and the resistance of the layer (see Example 12).
- a primer layer can also be used. This primary layer may be deposited in addition to or not the activation by physical treatment.
- primary primer layer is meant the deposition of a uniform layer of a transition metal alkoxide such as tetra ethoxy silicate (TEOS).
- TEOS tetra ethoxy silicate
- a surface may first be activated by an ionizing treatment such as plasma or UV-Ozone treatments (see Example 20).
- This primary layer of attachment is especially important when the surface to be covered is polymeric. More specifically, it is advantageous, when the surface of interest consists of polymeric materials, to combine the two types of pre-treatments, that is to say to apply a physical pre-treatment (UV, ozone or plasma ) and a primer layer (with TEOS for example). Preferably, the deposition of the primer layer takes place after the physical pretreatment.
- a physical pre-treatment UV, ozone or plasma
- a primer layer with TEOS for example.
- the deposition of the primer layer takes place after the physical pretreatment.
- the surface of interest consists of an inorganic or metallic material
- a cleaning / washing step may be added to the process of the invention.
- a physical activation of the surface is performed. It is followed by the deposition of a primary layer of attachment.
- This primer is preferably an acid solution of TEOS.
- the solution of TEOS is carried out in water, the alcohol or a mixture of these liquids, at a concentration of between 1 mM and 1000 mM, more preferably between 10 mM and 500 mM, and even more preferably between 50 mM and 250 mM.
- the deposition of this primary layer can be done by dip-coating or by spray.
- the first step of the method of the invention consists in depositing at least two populations of nanoparticles of different sizes on the surface to be treated.
- nanoparticle means spherical solid particles of very small size, typically of nanometric to micrometric size. More specifically, the “nanoparticles” that can be used in the process of the invention have a mean diameter of between 1 nm and 10 ⁇ m.
- nanoparticle population is meant, in the sense of the present invention, a set of nanoparticles of the same size or similar size, ie, having the same shape and homogeneous size. In practice, the diameter of the nanoparticles in the same population follows a Gaussian distribution that can vary by up to 30%.
- the two populations of nanoparticles can be deposited successively (or sequentially) on the surface to be treated, or concomitantly. In this second case, they may have been agglomerated beforehand, generating larger nanoparticles called "raspberries" which will then be deposited on the surface. Raspberries can also be formed directly on the surface to be treated, when the two populations are added successively or concomitantly.
- nanoparticles consist of large nanoparticles on the surface of which smaller nanoparticles are grafted (preferably in a single layer). They therefore consist of two populations of nanoparticles within the meaning of the present application. These nanoparticle assemblies are responsible for the nanoscale roughness created on the surface. This roughness makes it possible to provide the superhydrophilic properties or the superhydrophobic properties (if the rough surface is then treated with a hydrophobic compound).
- raspberry nanoparticles are obtained by using at least two different nanoparticle sizes. It is therefore essential, in the context of the present invention, to use two categories of nanoparticles having different sizes (each substantially larger than the others).
- the nanoparticles used in the process of the invention have diameters of between 1 nm and 10 ⁇ , more preferably between 5 nm and ⁇ , and still more preferably between 10 nm and 500nm.
- the diameters of the particle populations have a ratio of between 2 and 30, and preferably a ratio of between 3 and 10. This ratio corresponds to the ratio of the diameter of the large particles to the diameter of the small particles.
- the nanoparticles used in step a) will have a preferred diameter of between 10 and 200 nm.
- the diameters of the populations of nanoparticles have a ratio of between 2 and 30, and preferably have a ratio of between 3 and 10. This ratio corresponds to the ratio of the diameter of the large nanoparticles to the diameter of the small nanoparticles.
- the two populations of nanoparticles used in the process of the invention have a diameter of between 50 and 200 nm for some, and between 5 and 50 nm for others.
- polydisperse nanoparticles can also be used.
- microdisperse particles having a diameter whose variation does not exceed 10%. For example, a population of particles with a diameter of 50 nm will be considered as monodisperse if the particle diameters within this population are between 50 nm ⁇ 10%, ie between 45 and 55 nm.
- polydisperse is meant all other cases. Namely, particle populations whose diameter varies by more than 10%, or a mixture of two monodisperse populations.
- the inventors present hereafter results obtained by using two populations of polydisperse nanoparticles having a diameter of between 70 and 100 nm for one and between 10 and 15 nm for the others.
- the nanoparticles used in the process of the invention may be made of different materials. Among them, we can mention:
- Inorganic materials for example silicon, aluminum, titanium, zinc, germanium and / or their oxides
- polymers among which: polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene, polyethylene, polyester, polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyacrylate, polyacrylamide (PAM ), polyalkyl acrylate (methyl polyacrylate (PMA), ethyl polyacrylate (PEA), butyl polyacrylate (PBA)), poly (methacrylic acid) (PMA), latex and polymethacrylate.
- PAT polyethylene terephthalate
- PMMA poly methyl methacrylate
- PAM polyacrylamide
- PMA polyalkyl acrylate
- PMA methyl polyacrylate
- PEA ethyl polyacrylate
- PBA butyl polyacrylate
- PMA methacrylic acid
- the nanoparticles may also consist of a single compound or an alloy of several compounds of different natures.
- the two populations of nanoparticles of different sizes can be made of different materials (for example silica and polycarbonate). However, in a preferred embodiment, the two populations of nanoparticles of different sizes are made of the same material (for example silica, or polycarbonate).
- said nanoparticles are of the same material as the surface to be coated.
- they are preferably made of silica, aluminum, titanium, germanium, oxides thereof or alloys thereof, or polycarbonate.
- the first layer of nanoparticles deposited on the surface has not been covered or will not be covered with any adhesion agent.
- the first nanoparticle layer deposited has been coated or will be covered with an adhesion agent to increase the affinity of the particles with the surface and / or nanoparticles with each other.
- Said adhesion agent is an organic chemical compound which makes it possible to create a strong interaction, such as a covalent bond, between the different nanoparticles that will be deposited on the surface of said material. This agent must, itself, have a strong interaction with the nanoparticles.
- adhesion agents are, for example, dissymmetrical organic molecules carrying two functions making it possible to react sequentially with particles.
- adhesion agents are, for example, isocyanate silane compounds, among which mention may be made of 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl isocyanate. (NCO-TMS) or 3- (Triethoxysilyl) propyl isocyanate. Mention may also be made of epoxy silane compounds such as, for example, 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) or 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane.
- GTMS 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane
- GTPS 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane
- the nanoparticles are made of silica and the adhesion agent deposited on their surface is GPTMS or NCO-TMS (see Examples 12 and 18).
- amino compounds such as aminoalkyl silane compounds (among which 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), 3- aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS), 4-aminobutyl triethoxysilane (ABTES), 3-aminopropyl triisopropoxysilane (APTiPrS), or else 3-aminopropyl trichlorosilane (APTCS)).
- aminoalkyl silane compounds among which 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), 3- aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTMS), 4-aminobutyl triethoxysilane (ABTES), 3-aminopropyl triisopropoxysilane (APTiPrS), or else 3-aminopropyl trichlorosilane (APTCS)).
- nanoparticles used in the process of the invention are cationic polymers (such as poly-lysine, polyalkylamine hydrochloride, or poly-N-vinylimidazole). Indeed, all these compounds create weak bonds that will be detrimental to the stability of the layer (see Example 12 and 18).
- cationic polymers such as poly-lysine, polyalkylamine hydrochloride, or poly-N-vinylimidazole.
- step a) of the method of the invention therefore comprises at least the substeps: aO) optionally, activation of the surface by a physical treatment (such as for example a UV-Ozone treatment or a plasma treatment) followed or not the deposition of a primer layer (such as for example TEOS), al) optionally, treatment of the surface with an adhesion agent selected for example from NCO-TMS, 3- (Triethoxysilyl) propyl isocyanate, GPTMS or 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, a2) Deposition of a first population of nanoparticles on the surface to be treated, a3) Optionally, treatment of the surface covered with the first population of nanoparticles by an agent of adhesion, for example, chosen from NCO-TMS, 3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl isocyanate, GPTMS or 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane), a4) Deposition of a second population of nanop
- Step a2) is preferably performed several times, i.e., between 2 and 10 times, even more preferably between 2 and 6 times.
- the nanoparticles used in steps a2) and / or a4) may alternatively have been coated with said adhesion agent before they have been brought into contact with the surface. In this case, steps a1) and a3) are unnecessary.
- the treatment of the surfaces with an adhesion agent in steps a1 and / or a3) is either by evaporation or by sol-gel deposition.
- the surfaces covered or not with the nanoparticles depending on whether it is step a1 or a3) can be placed in an enclosure under reduced pressure in the presence of a dyeing agent. membership.
- the reaction time is advantageously between 1 min and 24 hours, preferably between 5 min and
- the pressure in the chamber is, for example, between 1 and 100 mbar, preferably between
- the adhesion agents may be dissolved in a suitable solvent, for example an alcohol, at a concentration of 10 -5 mol / L and 1 mol / L, preferably between 10 -3 and 1 mol / L.
- a suitable solvent for example an alcohol
- This solvent is then preferably methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.
- said adhesion agent is GPTMS or NCO-TMS.
- the surface can be immersed in the solution for 1 to 60 minutes, then rinsed with the solvent and optionally heated for 15 min at 60 ° C or at least one hour at room temperature. It should be noted that these operations do not require in any way to heat the surfaces to more than 100 ° C.
- the particles are deposited on the surfaces of the same type by performing several dipping of the surface in the same solution (or suspension) containing the nanoparticles.
- the first deposited nanoparticles (step a2) have a diameter of between 70 and 200 nm
- the nanoparticles deposited second (step a4) have a diameter between 5 and 50 nm.
- the nanoparticles deposited first (step a2) have a diameter of between 70 and 100 nm
- the nanoparticles deposited second (step a4) have a diameter of 10 and 15 nm (see examples below).
- the surface preparation protocol and its recovery will be repeated as many times as necessary, that is to say by repeating, as many times as necessary, the steps of deposition of an adhesion agent followed by the deposition of a new population of particles.
- the surface to be treated is made of silica
- the nanoparticles deposited in steps a1) and a3) are made of silica
- the adhesion agent deposited between the two nanoparticle layers (step a2) is the NCO TMS.
- nanoparticles of "raspberry” type can be prepared before being brought into contact with the surface to be treated.
- the protocol is as follows: a'1) Recovery of a first population of nanoparticles by a membership agent, a'2) Contacting this first population with one or more other population (s) ( s) nanoparticles so as to form raspberry particles, a'3) Possibly, purification of the raspberry particles thus formed, a'4) Deposition of "raspberry” nanoparticles on the surface to be treated, said surface having optionally been activated and / or pre-treated as described above.
- the nanoparticles obtained after step a'3) can be treated again with an adhesion agent as in step a'1), and then brought into contact with one or more other populations of nanoparticles as in step a'2) and optionally re-purified, as in step a'3).
- These operations can be reproduced as much as necessary to obtain raspberry nanoparticles of the desired size and roughness.
- the populations of nanoparticles and the adhesion agent used to form these raspberry nanoparticles can be as described above.
- said adhesion promoter is preferably an isocyanate silane compound (NCO-TMS or 3- (triethoxysilyl) propyl isocyanate) or an epoxy silane compound (GPTMS or 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane).
- said adhesion agent is not aminated (in particular, it is not the APTES), because the amination of the nanoparticles makes the recovery fragile.
- the treatment nanoparticles with an adhesion agent in step a'1) is either by evaporation, by spraying a solution, or by soaking in a solution.
- the nanoparticles can be placed in an enclosure under reduced pressure in the presence of an adhesion agent, for 1 min to 24 hours, preferably 5 min to 10 hours, still more preferably 10 minutes to 2 hours, the pressure in the chamber is reduced.
- enclosure may for example be between 1 and 100 mBar, preferably between 5 and 30 mBar.
- the adhesion agent may be dissolved in a suitable solvent, for example toluene, at a concentration of 10 -5 mol / l and 1 mol / l, preferably between 10 -3 and 1 mol / L. In any case, it is preferable that said solvent is anhydrous.
- the adhesion agent is NCO-TMS.
- the large nanoparticles may then be immersed in the solution containing the adhesion agent for 1 to 24 hours, then rinsed with the solvent and heated under vacuum for 4 hours at 50 ° C.
- nanoparticles can then be resuspended in a suitable solvent, such as toluene.
- a suitable solvent such as toluene.
- To this suspension is added the second population of nanoparticles, the quantity of which preferably respects the ratio N described hereinafter.
- This mixture can be ultrasonic dispersed and refluxed overnight.
- the ratio N allowing the small nanoparticles to completely cover the largest nanoparticles (in a single layer) preferentially corresponds to the following formula: n (R2 + R1) 2
- RI corresponds to the radius of large nanoparticles and R2 to the radius of small nanoparticles.
- At least a ratio of N small nanoparticles per large nanoparticle is added to prepare the raspberry nanoparticles. In other words, in this embodiment, N times more small nanoparticles are added than larger nanoparticles.
- a purification step may be required when the small nanoparticles have been added in excess relative to the larger diameter nanoparticles.
- the purification makes it possible to eliminate the small nanoparticles that are not fixed, so that they do not interfere with the deposition of the raspberry nanoparticles on the surfaces.
- raspberry nanoparticles may also be useful to purify the raspberry nanoparticles when they have been formed in a solvent that is not the one used for depositing on the surface. In this case, it is possible to dry the raspberry nanoparticles to re-disperse them in another solvent.
- the purification step a'3) may, for example, be implemented by filtering or centrifuging the raspberry nanoparticles formed.
- a change of solvent between the preparation of the raspberry nanoparticles and their deposition can also be envisaged.
- the nanoparticles are then dried by evaporation of the solvent before being dispersed in a solvent conducive to a deposit (see below).
- the raspberry nanoparticles previously formed can then be deposited on the surface to be treated (optionally previously treated by a physical treatment and / or with an adhesion agent or TEOS, as described above).
- the method of the invention then contains at least the steps: a) 0) Optionally, activation and pretreatment of the surface to be treated as described above,
- the method of the invention may contain an additional step, after step b), of covering the crosslinked surface of non-assembled nanoparticles.
- additional nanoparticles are then preferably crosslinked in turn, step b) is then reproduced (see Examples 12, 16 and 18).
- These unassembled nanoparticles can be of any size (small or large). Preferably, they have a mean diameter of between 1 and 150 nm, even more preferably between 5 and 80 nm. Note that, if the surface to be treated must remain transparent, NPs larger than 150 nm should not be used. Raspberry nanoparticles and non-assembled nanoparticles can be deposited sequentially or simultaneously on the surfaces, to improve the performance of the coating (see Example 12, Protocol 2).
- the deposition of the nanoparticles on the surface to be treated can be achieved by “dip-coating”, “spin coating”, “spray”, “flow coating” or by wiping.
- dip coating is meant a deposition means in which the surface to be treated is immersed and then removed from a solution / suspension at a defined speed (LD Landau, VG Levich, Acta physicochimica, USSR, 17, (1942), 42). ).
- spin coating is meant a deposition means where a solution / suspension is deposited on the surface to be coated. This same surface is fixed on a spinning wheel which rotates it at a controlled speed which allows the suspension solution to spread out and to wet the whole of it (D. Meyerhofer J. Appl. Phys., 49, (1978), 3993 ).
- “Spray” means a deposition means where the solution / suspension is projected into fine droplets on the surface using a propulsion means such as a gas. The vaporized mixture is sprayed onto the surface so as to wet all of it.
- flow coating is meant a deposition means where the solution / suspension is poured onto the surface to be covered so as to wet all of it.
- the particles are deposited on the surfaces by dip-coating at a speed of between 1 and 500 mm / min, preferably between 5 and 150 mm / min with a soaking time. stationary between 0 and 300 minutes.
- the deposition is carried out at ambient temperature and makes it possible to obtain layer thicknesses of between 50 and 1000 nm, and preferably between 100 and 500 nm.
- the dip-coating operations are repeated at least twice, ideally 5 times, in order to reinforce the resistance of the coating (without affecting the transparency of the material).
- the particles isolated or raspberry
- the particles are deposited by spray on the surfaces to be covered.
- it suffices to carry out this operation once to obtain a superhydrophilic or superhydrophobic resistant coating see Examples 15 and 19).
- the nanoparticles are preferably dispersed in a solvent, constituting a "suspension". Any type of solvent can be used to implement these different protocols. It is important to note that no solubilization is required because the nanoparticles are suspended in the solvent in question. The solvent must nevertheless allow the material to be coated to be wetted correctly, which is the case with most of the liquids conventionally used to cover surfaces.
- the solution containing the nanoparticles is an aqueous solution or an alcoholic solution.
- the nanoparticles are suspended in a solvent chosen from: water, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol, butan -2-ol, tert-butanol and mixtures thereof.
- the nanoparticles are suspended in ethanol, isopropanol, methanol, propan-1-ol, butan-1-ol, butan-2-ol, or tert-butanol.
- the concentration of the nanoparticles is 0.5% (w / v) for particles of 100 nm and 0.25% (w / v) for particles of 15 nm (see Example 3). ).
- the deposition is carried out by spray or electrospray.
- the nanoparticles are suspended in a polar solvent (preferably an alcohol) at a concentration of nanoparticles comprised for example between 10 15 and 10 19 nanoparticles per liter, the nanoparticles are deposited sequentially or simultaneously on the surface .
- the second step of the process of the invention consists in permitting the cross-linking of the surface covered with nanoparticles by means of a crosslinking agent, at low temperature.
- Low temperature here means a temperature that does not exceed 180 ° C. This temperature is preferably between 10 ° C. and 180 ° C., or even between 10 ° C. and 100 ° C.
- the crosslinking step is preferably carried out at a temperature below 180 ° C., and preferably below 100 ° C. This makes it possible to apply the method of the invention to the heat-sensitive surfaces described above.
- the crosslinking takes place without having to heat the treated surface. In this case, it is therefore carried out at room temperature (ie between 15 ° C and 30 ° C).
- This crosslinking can be initiated by thermodynamic or radical means.
- This crosslinking step makes it possible to bind the particles to the surface, as well as the various particles together. This makes it possible to render the superhydrophilic or superhydrophobic treatment of the invention durable and resistant to mechanical and chemical stresses (see Examples 4, 6 and 7).
- this step consists in bringing the surface coated with nanoparticles or raspberry nanoparticles into contact with a crosslinking agent.
- This contacting can be sequential (first the nanoparticles, then the crosslinking agent, see Examples 10 and 15) or concomitant.
- the crosslinking agent after each deposition of nanoparticles, alternately (see Example 10), or only at the end of the process, after all the nanoparticles have been deposited (see Example 4). ).
- the thickness of the crosslinking agent layer is related to the duration of this contacting. It must therefore be ensured that this placing in contact does not favor the smoothing of the surface (which must remain rough).
- crosslinking agents that may be used in the context of the invention may consist of the same element as the nanoparticles, such as Ti alkoxides (for example tetra-n-butyl titanate), or Si alkoxides (for example ortho ethyl tetra). silicate - or "TEOS"). Mention may also be made of zirconium alkoxides, aluminum alkoxides and, more generally, alkoxides of transition metals.
- the crosslinking agent is TEOS.
- the deposition of said crosslinking agent is carried out for example by dip-coating at a speed of between 5 and 100 mm / min, with a stationary soaking time of between 0 and 300 minutes.
- the crosslinking agent for example TEOS
- an aqueous or alcoholic solvent preferably ethanol, isopropanol, or methanol
- a water / alcohol mixture from preferably water / ethanol
- the crosslinking agent for example TEOS
- an aqueous or alcoholic solvent preferably ethanol, isopropanol, or methanol, butan-1-ol or tert-butanol
- a water / alcohol mixture preferably water / ethanol or water / tert-butanol
- the medium containing the TEOS is neutral or moderately basic
- the condensation of the silicon species is faster than the hydrolysis
- the polymer is then gradually fed with monomers.
- the formation step of the elementary units is a monomer - cluster aggregation whose kinetics is limited. This mechanism leads to the formation of dense nanoparticles of silica. These, of size reach several hundred nanometers, are negatively charged. The resulting electrostatic repulsions prevent further aggregation between nanoparticles which remain in suspension in the solvent. The whole nanoparticles - solvent constitutes the "soil". The aggregation between nanoparticles leads to gelation as for the acid system. Finally, in a very basic medium (pH> 11), the depolymerization (rupture of the siloxane bridges) wins and the silica is converted into soluble silicate.
- the TEOS is therefore deposited at acid pH (i.e., at pH ⁇ 7, preferably at pH ⁇ 6) to promote the stability and strength of the layer thus formed.
- the TEOS is contained in an aqueous or alcoholic medium (for example a water / ethanol mixture) having a pH of between 1 and 5, preferably of between 1 and 3, preferably of 2 .
- an aqueous or alcoholic medium for example a water / ethanol mixture having a pH of between 1 and 5, preferably of between 1 and 3, preferably of 2 .
- the TEOS used to crosslink the nanoparticles is at a concentration of between 1 and 30 mM, preferably between 5 and 24 mM, most preferably 10 mM.
- the nanoparticle deposition steps (raspberry or not) and the deposition of the crosslinking agent are concomitant because the surface is brought into contact with a mixture containing the particles and the crosslinking agent.
- the nanoparticles in the mixture are raspberries nanoparticles preferably having a concentration of between 10 15 and 10 18 NP per liter of a solution of TEOS / HC1 / EtOH / H 2 0 in a ratio of 1 / X Y Z.
- x will be between 0.1 and 10, preferably between 1 and 5
- y will be between 0 and 5000, preferably between 1 and 1500,
- z will be between 0 and 5000, preferably between 1 and 1500.
- said mixture contains NP15 and NP100 nanoparticles are suspended at concentrations of between 10 15 and 10 18 (NP100) and between 10 18 and 10 21 (NP15) per liter of a solution of TEOS / HCI / EtOH / H 2 O in a ratio of 1 / x / y / z.
- - x will be between 0.1 and 10, preferably between 1 and 5
- y will be between 0 and 5000, preferably between 1 and 1500,
- z will be between 0 and 5000, preferably between 1 and 1500.
- Step c) (optional): covering the textured surfaces with a hydrophobic agent
- the method of the invention contains a final step consisting in covering the textured surface with a layer of hydrophobic organic molecules that will make it possible to render the superhydrophobic surface.
- This step is required when it is desired to obtain a superhydrophobic surface and that the nanoparticles used are made of silica and the crosslinking agent is a Ti / Si alkoxide.
- hydrophobic organic molecules can be done by dip-coating, spin-coating, by evaporation techniques well known to those skilled in the art (PVD, CVD), by spray, or by wiping.
- these hydrophobic organic molecules may be hydrogenated polymers, for example polyethylenes (PE) or polystyrenes (PS). These molecules may also be totally or partially fluorinated polymers such as, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or perfluoropolyethers (PFPE).
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PFPE perfluoropolyethers
- hydrophobic agent a molecule fixed by a radical reaction on the surface to be treated. This molecule may for example be a diazonium aryl carrying a hydrophobic chain. The aryl group reacts with the surface via radicals free. This molecule then leaves available its perfluorinated chain, fluorinated or alkyl to make the surface hydrophobic.
- these molecules may be monomeric in nature to allow their arrangement in self-assembled monolayer.
- their general formula will be A-B-C, in which:
- A is a group promoting adhesion of the layer on the surface
- C is a functional group providing a hydrophobic and or oleophobic character to the layer formed.
- the group A is chosen from: a) a silane group of formula:
- R 1, R 2 and R 3 independently of one another represent a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, an OH hydroxyl group or a C 1 -C 10 alkoxy (O-Alk) group, such as methoxy (-O-CH3), ethoxy (O-C2H5), or isopropoxy (-O-C3H7); in which, preferably, R1, R2, and R3 are identical and represent an alkoxy group, a thiol group of formula -SH, or
- R4 is a hydrogen atom H, fluorine F or an OH group
- R5 is a hydrogen atom H, fluorine F or a group PO3H2,
- the group B is an LM group where: L is a group (CH 2 ) m -X-, m being an integer between 0 and 100, preferably between 0 and 30, and X being a saturated or unsaturated, perfluorinated or partially fluorinated C0-C100 alkyl group, the alkyl chain being able to be substituted or interrupted by 0 to 10 cycloalkyl or aryl groups which may or may not be perfluorinated; X may also be a single covalent bond, a group - (O-CF -CF) Jm ', - (O-CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 ) m', - (O-CH 2 -
- M is chosen from: a) a single chemical bond, an oxygen atom O, a sulfur atom S, or a group S (CO), (CO) S, or NR, (CO) NR, NR (CO) , R being a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10 alkyl, or the following groups
- the group C is chosen from a hydrogen atom, - (CF (CF 3) CF 2 O) n-CF 2 -CF 2 -CF 3, - (CF 2 CF (CF 3) O) n- CF2-CF 2 -CF 3, (CF2CF2CF2OVCF2-CF2-CF3, - (CF2CF20) NCF2-CF3, -CF (CF3) -0- (CF (CF 3) CF 2 0) NCF2-CF2-CF3, -CF ( CF3> 0- (CF 2 CF (CF 3) 0) n-CF2-CF 2 -CF 3, -CF (CF3> 0- (CF 2 CF2CF20) n-CF2-CF 2 -CF 3, -CF 2 -0- (CF 2 CF 2 O) n-CF 2 -CF 3 or C p F 2 p + 1, in which n and p are integers between 1 and 100, preferably between 1 and 50. In an even more preferred embodiment, these hydrophobic molecules have
- R 1, R 2 and R 3 independently of one another represent a chlorine, bromine or iodine atom, an OH hydroxyl group or a C 1 -C 10 alkoxy (O-Alk) group, such as methoxy (-O-CH3), ethoxy (O-C2H5), or isopropoxy (-O-C3H7);
- L is a group (CH 2 ) m -X-, m being an integer from 0 to 100, preferably from 1 to 30, even more preferably from 1 to 10, and
- M is a group NR, (CO) NR, NR (CO) R being a hydrogen atom or a C1-C10
- c) C is a group - (CF (CF 3) CF 2 0) n CF2-CF 2 -CF 3, - (CF 2 CF (CF 3) 0) NCF2-CF 2 -CF 3, - (CF2CF2CF2OVCF2-CF2-CF3, - (CF 2 CF20) NCF2-CF3, -CF (CF3) - 0- (CF (CF3) CF20) n-CF 2 - CF 2 CF 3, -CF (CF3) -0- (CF 2 CF (CF3) 0) n-CF2-CF2-CF3, -CF (CF3) -0- (CF2CF2CF 2 0) n CF 2 CF 2 CF 3, -CF 2 -0- (CF 2 CF 2 0) n-CF2-CF2-CF3, -CF (CF3) -0- (CF2CF2CF 2
- hydrophobic molecules have the following structural formula:
- R represents a linear or branched C1-C4 alkyl group.
- This molecule once deposited on surfaces having undergone the protocol of the invention, increases the hydrophobicity of these very advantageously (see contact angle measurements of Example 4). It is also an object of the invention, as such.
- these molecules are in a thin layer (ie, in a layer whose thickness is less than 20 nm, preferably less than 10 nm) so as not to alter the roughness of the surface which has been textured by the previous steps of the process.
- hydrophobic organic molecules of step c) and the chemical group which allows their binding with the material may be a means of ensuring the durability of the effect.
- the nature of the chemical group in relation to the surface makes it possible to respond in a targeted manner to the application for which the surface is made.
- a silane has a durable covalent bond on glass surfaces and that a bisphosphonate binds permanently to TiO 2 surfaces.
- a fatty acid such as oleic acid will have only weak bonds with these same surfaces which will be deteriorated by a simple friction or a detergent wash, thereby deteriorating the hydrophobic effect without altering the texturing of the material.
- crosslinking agent is a silicon alkoxide
- hydrophobic silane-based molecules will be preferred.
- crosslinking agent is titanium-based, then bisphosphonate-based hydrophobic molecules will be preferred.
- a radical agent carrying a hydrophobic function can be used.
- the process of the invention is advantageously used for texturing surfaces to make them superhydrophilic and / or superolephile or to make them superhydrophobic and / or superolephobic. More generally, it can be used to increase liquid adhesion (superliquidophilic) to improve visibility in case condensation or on the contrary reduce the adhesion of liquids, solids or other contaminants on these surfaces, this in a sustainable manner.
- the method of the invention can be applied to all or part of the surface to be treated.
- the surface In the case where only a part of the surface must be made superhydrophobic / phile or superoleophobic / phile, it is possible to use masks, in order to avoid the recovery of certain parts of the surface by the nanoparticles and thus to ensure zones not functionalized by the superhydrophobic coating, at the end of the process.
- the mask may be removed or degraded at the end of the process by techniques known to those skilled in the art.
- Another possibility to save areas of the surface is to make a localized projection of either nanoparticles or hydrophobic coating. In an industrial application, this has the advantage of making the surface grippable after deposition of the superhydrophobic treatment.
- the present invention also provides any superhydrophobic / phile and / or superoleophobic / phile surface obtained by the process of the invention.
- These surfaces are distinguished from those described in the prior art in that they are covered with at least two populations of nanoparticles of different sizes, and in that they have not been heated above 80 ° C. to obtain a durable and resistant coating.
- Such surfaces are preferably made up of more than 50%, preferably more than 75%, of a heat-sensitive material, such as polycarbonate (PC), poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), polypropylene, polyvinyl acetate (PVA).
- the surfaces thus treated can be used in different applications, for example in optical or optronic equipment (display systems, lenses, portholes, goggles, protective visor, helmet visor), renewable energies (solar panels), constructions (windows and doors), the automotive or aerospace industry, windshields, mirrors or telecommunications (for radars for example).
- the surfaces thus treated can be used in particular in liquidophobic applications, anticorrosion, anti-freeze or antifouling in industrial fields such as cryogenics, aeronautics, wind, or the cycle.
- the surfaces thus treated may alternatively be used in particular in liquophilic applications, anti-condensation, anti-fogging, wetting.
- FIG. 1 proposes images obtained by a scanning electron microscope (FEGSEM) of the deposits made from the protocol of example 1 (dip-coating of the glass slide in an aqueous solution of silica nanoparticles of 60 nm diameter and then grafting of fluorinated silane molecules).
- FEGSEM scanning electron microscope
- FIG. 2 proposes FEGSEM images of the deposits prepared with ethanol as a solvent in the bath used for depositing by the dip-coating technique (dip-coating of the glass slide in a 60 nm silica nanoparticle solution). diameter then grafting of fluorinated silane molecules).
- Figure 4 provides FEGSEM images of the deposits prepared by the sequential dip-coating technique of 100 nm silica nanoparticles and 15 nm nanoparticles.
- FIG. 5 provides FEGSEM images of the deposits prepared by the sequential dip-coating technique of the 100 nm nanoparticles of silica and the nanoparticles of 15 nm with an intermediate step of functionalization by the APTES.
- FIG. 6 provides FEGSEM images of the deposits prepared by the sequential dip-coating technique from solutions of 100 nm silica nanoparticles and 15 nm nanoparticles with an intermediate step of functionalization by the APTES, for different concentrations of nanoparticles: (A) 100 nm: 0.5% by mass in water; 15 nm: 0.5% by weight in water, (B) 100 nm: 0.5% by weight in water; 15 nm: 0.25% by weight in water, (C) 100 nm: 1% by weight in water; 15 nm: 0.25% by weight in water and (D) 100 nm: 1% by weight in water; 15 nm: 0.5% by weight in water.
- Figure 7 provides FEGSEM images of the deposits prepared by the sequential dip-coating technique from suspensions of 100 nm silica nanoparticles and 15 nm in ethanol. An intermediate step of functionalization by the APTES was carried out.
- Figure 8 describes the transmittance of glass substrates and superhydrophobic coatings made as a function of wavelength.
- FIG. 9 provides images obtained by a CCD camera, showing (A) on a superhydrophobic and transparent coating without TEOS treatment: scratching with the tip, (B) on a coating after TEOS treatment: absence of scratching by the tip
- Figure 10 depicts the characterization by FEGSEM of a nonsolidated nanoparticle coating by the adhesive-screened crosslinking agent (TEOS): the area delimited by a frame indicates the area where the adhesive tape was torn off.
- TEOS adhesive-screened crosslinking agent
- Figure 11 depicts the characterization by FEGSEM of a nanoparticle coating after the consolidation step by the TEOS after the adhesive tape test: the area delimited by a frame indicates the area where the adhesive tape was torn off.
- Figure 12 describes the characterization by FEGSEM of a nanoparticle coating after the TEOS consolidation and thermal annealing steps, after the adhesive tape test: the area delimited by a frame indicates the area where the adhesive tape was torn off .
- Figure 13 describes the characterization by FEGSEM of the cotton swab friction test carried out on a coating of nanoparticles, which has not undergone the consolidation step by the TEOS: the zone delimited by a frame indicates the evaluated zone.
- Figure 14 describes the characterization by FEGSEM of the cotton swab rub test carried out on a nanoparticle coating, having undergone a consolidation step by the TEOS: the zone delimited by a frame indicates the evaluated zone.
- Figure 15 describes the characterization by FEGSEM of the cotton swab friction test carried out on a nanoparticle coating, having undergone the consolidation steps by the TEOS and a thermal annealing: the zone delimited by a frame indicates the evaluated zone.
- Figure 16 provides the image of a glass sample having received superhydrophilic treatment on the left side and no treatment on the right side. This glass was cooled to -20 ° C and then returned to the atmosphere to evaluate the effects of condensation on transparency.
- APTES 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane
- the particles are then deposited on the surface by the dip-coating technique in the following order of steps:
- Scheme 1 representation of the structural formula of the fluorinated silane molecule used in this example.
- the particle-solvent interaction has been modulated by replacing the water with ethanol in the bath used for the deposition by the dip-coating technique.
- the equilibrium contact angles observed after one hour of annealing at 90 ° C. are 140 °.
- the result of this example shows the low resistance of the coating with a formulation containing only a population of particles.
- the surfaces were washed and treated by the APTES according to the protocol reported for the preparation of the substrate in the case of deposition of a single size of nanoparticles (see Example 1).
- the deposition by the dip-coating technique was carried out with populations of silica nanoparticles of two different average diameters: 100 nm nanoparticles (NP100) having a size distribution of between 70 and 100 nm in diameter and the nanoparticles of 15 nm (NP15) having a size distribution of between 10 and 15 nm in diameter.
- the withdrawal speed is 40 mm / min.
- the grafting of the surfaces with the superhydrophobic molecules was carried out for 18 hours in a vacuum desiccator. Annealing was carried out for 1 hour at 90 ° C.
- the glass substrates were immersed in a solution of silica nanoparticles containing a mixture with an equal volume of nanoparticles of 100 nm (0.5% of mass concentration) and nanoparticles of 15 nm (0.5% mass concentration) in water.
- the characterization by FEGSEM of the deposits obtained is presented in FIG.
- Figure 3 shows the presence of two sizes of silica nanoparticles on the surface of the glass, those of 15 nm are much more numerous than those of 100 nm. These images also show a low coverage rate of the surface.
- the contact angle observed at equilibrium after 18 hours exposure to the fluorinated silane molecule is 128 ° and the transmittance is 100% relative to the glass reference.
- Figure 4 shows the existence of a double roughness scale.
- the equilibrium contact angle observed after 18 h of exposure to the fluorinated silane molecule is of the order of 150 ° and the transmittance is 100%.
- the glass substrates were first washed and then functionalized with the APTES molecules.
- the FEGSEM images of FIG. 5 show that a better roughness is obtained for this third method. Indeed, by introducing an intermediate step of functionalization by the APTES, the adhesion between large and small particles has been increased. This resulted in raspberry-shaped particles with small particles that cover the surface of large particles. The contact angle observed at equilibrium for these deposits after 18 hours exposure to the fluorinated silane molecule is greater than 150 ° and the transmittance is 100% (in visible wavelengths).
- Figure 6 shows that as the concentration of a nanoparticle size increases, the surface coverage increases. Two situations can be distinguished: a) when the concentration of the nanoparticles of 100 nm increases, the recovery of the substrate increases.
- Nanoparticles agglomerate when water is used as a solvent. While retaining the experimental protocol of Example 2.3, we varied the nature of the solvent (water and ethanol). We have also added (or not) a crosslinking phase by TEOS before the deposition of the hydrophobic final layer.
- TEOS TEOS
- the solution used is a mixture of TEOS (1 volume) and ammonia (8 volumes) in ethanol.
- Figure 7 shows FEGSEM images of elaborate repositories.
- the measurement of the contact angle was made at each of the process steps mentioned in this example.
- An untreated glass surface gives angles of contact with water of the order of 20 °.
- the maximum contact angle that can be achieved by the functionalization of the flat glass surfaces with the fluorinated silane molecule of Scheme 1 is of the order of 110 °.
- this angle is of the order of 150 °.
- the equilibrium contact angle reaches 155 ° and the coating is superhydrophobic.
- Transparency is translated by a high transmittance close to 100%.
- a transmission spectrum in the visible wavelengths has been realized.
- a 100% transmittance was measured with respect to the glass reference (FIG. 8). This result is expected since the roughness of the coatings is less than 100 nm.
- the results show that, with or without thermal annealing, the superhydrophobic coating obtained does not withstand the test of the adhesive tape. At the end of the test, no particles are visible on the surface.
- the surface shows no degradation related to the adhesive strength of the tape and, after the test, the nanoparticle film remains fully applied to the surface.
- the optimal concentration value in TEOS is between 10 and 24 mM.
- the samples were prepared according to the protocol of Example 6.
- the TEOS was deposited under acidic conditions.
- the nanoparticle film easily sticks to the adhesive tape (FIG. 10).
- the zoom made in FIG. 10B shows a zone devoid of particles (in the frame), whereas the non-evaluated zone has an arrangement of particles identical to the preceding examples.
- a crosslinking agent TEOS in an acid medium
- Example 2.3 In another test, the protocol of Example 2.3. was implemented and the surfaces were then crosslinked by adding TEOS.
- the results of the adhesive tape test on this sample show a very good resistance of the nanoparticle film to the adhesive strength of the tape because the nanoparticle film still remains applied to the surface after the test.
- TEOS crosslinking agent
- This friction test makes it possible to evaluate the mechanical strength of the surfaces having received a superhydrophobic coating. It involves applying several types of friction to the surface and evaluating the evolution of the contact angle on these surfaces after the friction phase. The tests performed are:
- Test 9-1 Application of 100 rubs dry with a soft cloth fixed on a mass of 500g spread over 1cm 2
- Test 9-2 Application of 100 rubs dry with a soft cloth fixed on a mass of 1000g distributed on 1cm 2
- Test 9-3 Application of 100 rubs with a cotton soaked in isopropanol fixed on a mass of 100g spread over 1cm 2
- Test 9-4 Application of 100 rubs with a cotton soaked in isopropanol fixed on a mass of 500g spread over 1cm 2
- Test 9-3 was applied to the surfaces of Example 8, namely: a) Deposition according to Example 2.3. without adding a crosslinking agent,
- Example 2.3 In another test, the protocol of Example 2.3. was implemented and the surfaces were then crosslinked by adding TEOS. The characterization by FEGSEM of the prepared coatings is presented in FIG. 14. It can be seen that the consolidation step by the TEOS brings a clear improvement of the nanoparticle films to the resistance to the friction test by the cotton-stalk impregnated with ispopropanol. .
- this annealing step can be eliminated from our method of preparing nanoparticle films.
- the solution used is a mixture of TEOS and HCl (1 equivalent / 5 equivalents) in a water / alcohol mixture at pH 2.
- the concentration of TEOS in this bath is 10 mM.
- the pieces are dried at 80 ° C for one hour.
- raspberry particles were synthesized on the basis of large silica particles on which grafted a chemical group. These particles are then contacted with smaller particles of silica.
- the reactive groups presented are amines (Langmuir 2011, 27, 4594), epoxides (Nano Lett. 2005, 5, 2298) and isocyanates.
- NP100-NH2 particles In a 100 ml anhydrous flask equipped with a refrigerant are introduced under argon the NP100 (lg) and 50 ml of Ethanol (EtOH). The mixture is immersed in a US bath for 30 minutes. The APTMS (450 ⁇ l) is then introduced into the syringe and the reaction medium is refluxed overnight. The reaction medium is cooled to ambient temperature (ta). After concentration under vacuum, the particles are suspended in 50 ml of toluene. The mixture is centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant is discarded. This operation is repeated three times. The particles are then dried under vacuum at 50 ° C for several hours. These particles are then called NP100-NH2 particles
- NP100-epoxide particles In a 100 ml anhydrous flask equipped with a refrigerant are introduced under argon NP100-epoxide (970 mg), NP15 (620 mg) and 20 ml of DMF (dimethylformamide). The mixture is immersed in a bath in the US for 30 min, then the reaction medium is refluxed overnight. The mixture is cooled to rt. The mixture is centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant is discarded. The particles are then dried under vacuum at 50 ° C for several hours.
- NP100-NCO particles In a 100 ml anhydrous flask equipped with a refrigerant are introduced under argon the NP100 (lg) and 30 ml of toluene. The mixture is immersed in a US bath for 30 minutes. The isocyanate silane (490 mg) is then introduced into the syringe and the reaction mixture is stirred overnight at rt. The mixture is centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant is discarded. This operation is repeated three times. The particles are then dried under vacuum at 50 ° C for several hours. These particles are then called NP100-NCO particles.
- the MFNs used in this example are those prepared in Example 11. Briefly the experimental conditions are summarized below:
- Protocol 1 Protocol 2:
- the pieces are dried at 80 ° C. for one hour after each dip coating step and two hours after silane deposition.
- Polymeric parts such as PMMA are poorly wetting when they do not undergo an activation treatment. This does not allow a good spread of solutions of nanoparticles or TEOS to then have a uniform coverage of the surfaces. Some surfaces have been made wetting by activation under UV-ozone.
- the device used for UV / ozone activation is the Procleaner TM Plus from Bioforce Nanosciences. The nominal power is 14.76 mW / cm 2 at 1 cm from the source. The light intensity is distributed at 2% at 185 nm and 45% at 254 nm. Before use, the appliance is preheated for 10 minutes. The PMMA sample, previously washed with aqueous detergent and dried, is exposed 2.5 cm from the UV source for 10 minutes.
- the contact angle of a drop of water of 1 ⁇ on the PMMA goes from about 80 ° before activation to 20 ° after activation.
- Polymeric parts such as PMMA are poorly wetting when they do not undergo an activation treatment. This does not allow a good spread of solutions of nanoparticles or TEOS to then have a uniform coverage of the surfaces. Some surfaces have been made wetting by activation by an atmospheric plasma.
- the apparatus used for plasma activation is the ULS spot (Acxys Technologies). The plasma is fed with compressed air at 4 bars. The plasma is activated at a power of 800 W.
- the substrates (PMMA or PC) to be treated are scanned at a speed of 200 mm / s with a pitch of 4 mm. Two applications were provided. The contact angle of a drop of water of 1 ⁇ goes from about 80 ° to 20 °.
- Example 15 Deposition of particles by spray 15-1 On glass Surface preparation conditions are similar to Example 10. The same solutions were prepared and used. The nanoparticle solutions (NP100 and NP15) were then sprayed using a 50mL atomizer placed 15 cm from the surface in a vertical position.
- the protocol used is the following:
- An annealing at 80 ° C is carried out for 1 hour after each spray step and 2 hours after deposition of the hydrophobic agent.
- the PMMA is firstly activated by UV-Ozone and covered with a primary layer of TEOS as defined in Example 20.
- the nanoparticle solutions (NP100 and NP15) were then sprayed using a UV atomizer. 50mL placed 15 cm from the surface in a vertical position.
- the protocol used is the following:
- Silane Parts are dried at 80 ° C for two hours after TEOS dip coating, one hour after each spray step and two hours after silane deposition
- Example 10 Simultaneous deposition of a mixture of different particle sizes and TEOS by dip coating
- Example 10 describes a sequential deposition of NP100, TEOS then NP15 and TEOS. In the present example, the process has been shortened by mixing the particles with the TEOS solution.
- the pieces are dried at 80 ° C. for one hour after each dip coating step and two hours after silane deposition.
- the PMMA is previously activated by UV-Ozone and covered with a primary layer of TEOS as defined in Example 20.
- Solution 1 was sprayed with a 50mL atomizer placed 15 cm from the surface in a vertical position.
- the pieces are dried at 80 ° C. for one hour after each spray step and two hours after silane deposition.
- the "NPF isocyanate” and the “NPF Amino” particles prepared in Example 11 were used. These were mixed with TEOS solution and then deposited on glass surfaces by the protocol described below.
- the pieces are dried at 80 ° C. for one hour after each dip coating step and two hours after silane deposition.
- the surface preparation conditions are similar to those of Example 16. The same solutions were prepared and used.
- the PMMA is previously activated by UV-Ozone and covered with a primary layer of TEOS as defined in Example 20.
- the raspberry nanoparticles used are isocyanate nanoparticles as prepared in Example 11.
- Protocol 1) Prewash / Activation and deposition of the preliminary layer of TEOS
- Silane Solution 1 was sprayed with a 50mL atomizer placed 15 cm from the surface in a vertical position.
- the parts are dried at 80 ° C for one hour after each spray step and two hours after silane deposition.
- PMMA plates (5 * 5 cm 2 ) are immersed in TEOS solutions at concentrations of (A) 10 mM, (B) 80 mM, (C) 250mM in a water-alcohol mixture.
- the plates are used to deposit a hydrophobic coating (protocol 1) or superhydrophobic coating (protocol 2) according to the following procedures:
- the pieces are dried at 80 ° C. for one hour after each dip coating step and two hours after deposition of the silane.
- protocol 2 show that it is possible to obtain superhydrophobic surfaces on PMMA previously treated with a primary layer of TEOS.
- protocol 2 gives results similar to those obtained for glass (see Example 10).
- Example 11 the "NPF isocyanate" particles prepared in Example 11 were used according to a method similar to that of Example 18 with the exception of the deposition of the final hydrophobic layer which was not performed.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15726049.8A EP3145642B1 (fr) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | Nouveau procede d'obtention de surfaces superhydrophobes ou superhydrophiles |
JP2016568624A JP6728067B2 (ja) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | 超疎水性または超親水性表面の新規製造方法 |
US15/311,938 US10668501B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | Process for obtaining superhydrophobic or superhydrophilic surfaces |
CA2949412A CA2949412A1 (fr) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | Nouveau procede d'obtention de surfaces superhydrophobes ou superhydrophiles |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1454496 | 2014-05-20 | ||
FR1454496 | 2014-05-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015177229A2 true WO2015177229A2 (fr) | 2015-11-26 |
WO2015177229A3 WO2015177229A3 (fr) | 2016-01-07 |
Family
ID=51225761
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2015/061145 WO2015177229A2 (fr) | 2014-05-20 | 2015-05-20 | Nouveau procede d'obtention de surfaces superhydrophobes ou superhydrophiles |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10668501B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3145642B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP6728067B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2949412A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015177229A2 (fr) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2017128628A (ja) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-07-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 保護部材、移動体及び保護部材の形成方法 |
DE102018108053A1 (de) | 2018-04-05 | 2019-10-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Mikrostrukturierter Gegenstand |
EP3800167A1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-07 | Essilor International | Article doté d'une surface hydrophile revêtu d'un film super-hydrophobe temporaire et son procédé d'obtention |
EP3799952A1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-07 | Surfactis Technologies | Procede de preparation de nanoparticules framboise |
WO2021064248A1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-08 | Essilor International | Article ayant une surface hydrophobe revêtue d'un film super-hydrophobe provisoire fournissant une fonctionnalité anti-pluie et procédé pour son obtention |
US20210109256A1 (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2021-04-15 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Processing of superhydrophilic, infrared transmissive, anti-reflective nanostructured surfaces |
CN114177896A (zh) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-15 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种具有高表面自由能层和低表面自由能层的纳微米颗粒及其制备方法与应用 |
US11441051B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2022-09-13 | Uwm Research Foundation, Inc. | 3D hybrid composite coating |
CN117625010A (zh) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-03-01 | 中山虹丽美新材料科技有限公司 | 一种超疏水粉末涂料及其制备方法和涂层 |
CN117625010B (zh) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-05-24 | 中山虹丽美新材料科技有限公司 | 一种超疏水粉末涂料及其制备方法和涂层 |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0822412D0 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2009-01-14 | Innovia Films Ltd | Printable coating |
US10786830B1 (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2020-09-29 | United States of America by the Administrator of NASA | Superhydrophobic and dust mitigating coatings |
WO2016118462A2 (fr) | 2015-01-19 | 2016-07-28 | Corning Incorporated | Enceintes ayant une surface anti-empreintes |
CN107189656B (zh) * | 2017-07-13 | 2019-06-07 | 华北电力大学(保定) | 一种基于聚碳酸酯的耐磨超疏水涂层的制备方法 |
WO2019139543A1 (fr) * | 2018-01-15 | 2019-07-18 | Nanyang Technological University | Plateforme superhydrophobe destinée à détecter des métabolites et des toxines dans l'urine |
KR102264242B1 (ko) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-06-10 | 정연학 | 복잡한 형상을 가진 기재의 초발수 코팅방법 |
CN110564227B (zh) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-02-05 | 国电龙源江永风力发电有限公司 | 一种多孔聚偏氟乙烯超疏水涂层的制备方法 |
CN111978863B (zh) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-03-29 | 西安奕斯伟材料科技有限公司 | 一种超疏油有机涂层及其制备方法 |
CN114425508B (zh) * | 2020-10-13 | 2023-08-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 具有超疏水表面的金属材料及其制备方法和应用以及油水分离的方法 |
KR102540391B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-02 | 2023-06-05 | 한국세라믹기술원 | 고열전도도를 갖는 초발수 구조체 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR102549557B1 (ko) * | 2020-12-02 | 2023-06-28 | 한국세라믹기술원 | 전도성 초발수 구조체 및 그 제조 방법 |
CN112933983B (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-06-28 | 三明学院 | 一种石墨烯二氧化硅核壳结构填充pdms杂化膜及其制备方法 |
CN112933981B (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-04-15 | 三明学院 | 一种乙醇选择性渗透汽化复合膜及其制备方法、分离纯化乙醇的方法 |
CN114292426B (zh) * | 2021-12-01 | 2023-02-28 | 湖南科技大学 | 超疏水多孔铝合金-环氧树脂防腐复合材料的制备方法 |
CN115449268B (zh) * | 2022-09-13 | 2023-07-11 | 三峡大学 | 一种柔性可粘贴电热/光热超疏水涂层的制备方法 |
CN116871139A (zh) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-10-13 | 中铁二局集团有限公司 | 一种抗结泥饼的盾构刀盘组合结构及制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH09311201A (ja) * | 1997-01-13 | 1997-12-02 | Seiko Epson Corp | 光学物品の製造方法 |
AU5484499A (en) * | 1998-08-18 | 2000-03-14 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Process for producing durable antireflective surfaces and antireflective articles |
EP1035183B1 (fr) * | 1998-09-25 | 2009-11-25 | JGC Catalysts and Chemicals Ltd. | Fluide de revetement permettant de former une pellicule protectrice a base de silice dotee d'une faible permittivite et substrat recouvert d'une pellicule protectrice de faible permittivite |
US6348269B1 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2002-02-19 | Sdc Coatings, Inc. | Composition for providing an abrasion resistant coating on a substrate having improved adhesion and improved resistance to crack formation |
US6905772B2 (en) * | 2000-05-23 | 2005-06-14 | Triton Systems, Inc. | Abrasion and impact resistant coating compositions, and articles coated therewith |
DE10212961A1 (de) * | 2002-03-22 | 2003-10-02 | Inst Neue Mat Gemein Gmbh | Kunststofffolie mit Mehrschicht-Interferenzbeschichtung |
JP4046157B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-21 | 2008-02-13 | 帝人化成株式会社 | 表面を保護された透明プラスチック成形体およびオルガノシロキサン樹脂組成物用下塗り塗料組成物 |
DE10245726A1 (de) * | 2002-10-01 | 2004-04-15 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kratzfest-Schichtsystems |
TW200700510A (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2007-01-01 | Optimax Tech Corp | Inorganic-organic hybrid nanocomposite antiglare and antireflection coatings |
US20070141114A1 (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2007-06-21 | Essilor International Compagnie Generale D'optique | Article coated with an ultra high hydrophobic film and process for obtaining same |
JP4868135B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-18 | 2012-02-01 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | 光反応性基含有シロキサン化合物、その製造方法及び光硬化性樹脂組成物、その硬化皮膜を有する物品 |
WO2008141981A1 (fr) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-27 | Essilor International (Compagnie Generale D'optique) | Compositions de revêtement durcissables formant sur des articles un revêtement antistatique, transparent, et résistant à l'abrasion |
WO2012138992A2 (fr) * | 2011-04-06 | 2012-10-11 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Conception et fabrication de surfaces hydrophobes |
US8999438B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2015-04-07 | Weixing Lu | Systems and methods for super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic surface treatments |
US20130115381A1 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-09 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Hydrophobic surface coating |
DE102012202517B4 (de) * | 2012-02-17 | 2020-03-12 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Zwei-Phasen-Lackbeschichtung und Verfahren zum Beschichten eines Substrats |
EP2674449A1 (fr) * | 2012-06-11 | 2013-12-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Ensemble de revêtement de nanosilice à durabilité améliorée |
JP6324083B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-23 | 2018-05-16 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 親水性透明被膜付基材およびその製造方法 |
-
2015
- 2015-05-20 CA CA2949412A patent/CA2949412A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2015-05-20 WO PCT/EP2015/061145 patent/WO2015177229A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-05-20 EP EP15726049.8A patent/EP3145642B1/fr active Active
- 2015-05-20 US US15/311,938 patent/US10668501B2/en active Active
- 2015-05-20 JP JP2016568624A patent/JP6728067B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (11)
Title |
---|
BRINKER C.J ET AL.: "Thin Solid Films", vol. 201, 1991, ELSEVIER, pages: 97 - 108 |
D. MEYERHOFER, J. APPL. PHYS., vol. 49, 1978, pages 3993 |
DENG X. ET AL., ADVANCED MATERIALS., vol. 23, no. 26, pages 2962 |
KARUNAKARAN ET AL., LANGMUIR, vol. 27, no. 8, pages 4594 - 4602 |
L.D. LANDAU; V.G. LEVICH, ACTA PHYSICOCHIMICA, vol. 17, 1942, pages 42 |
LANGMUIR, vol. 27, 2011, pages 4594 |
LING X. Y. ET AL., LANGMUIR, vol. 25, no. 5, 2009, pages 3260 - 3263 |
MING W ET AL., NANO LETTERS, vol. 5, no. 11, pages 2298 - 2301 |
NANO LETT., vol. 5, 2005, pages 2298 |
STOBER ET AL., J. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACE SCIENCES, vol. 26, pages 62 |
ZHAO ET AL., COLLOIDS AND SURFACE A, vol. 339, pages 26 - 34 |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20210109256A1 (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2021-04-15 | The Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Processing of superhydrophilic, infrared transmissive, anti-reflective nanostructured surfaces |
JP2017128628A (ja) * | 2016-01-18 | 2017-07-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 保護部材、移動体及び保護部材の形成方法 |
US11441051B2 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2022-09-13 | Uwm Research Foundation, Inc. | 3D hybrid composite coating |
DE102018108053A1 (de) | 2018-04-05 | 2019-10-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Mikrostrukturierter Gegenstand |
WO2019193174A1 (fr) | 2018-04-05 | 2019-10-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Objet microstructuré |
WO2021064247A1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-08 | Surfactis Technologies | Procede de preparation de nanoparticules framboise |
WO2021064248A1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-08 | Essilor International | Article ayant une surface hydrophobe revêtue d'un film super-hydrophobe provisoire fournissant une fonctionnalité anti-pluie et procédé pour son obtention |
WO2021064249A1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-08 | Essilor International | Article ayant une surface hydrophile revêtue d'un film super-hydrophobe temporaire et son procédé d'obtention |
EP3799952A1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-07 | Surfactis Technologies | Procede de preparation de nanoparticules framboise |
EP3800167A1 (fr) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-04-07 | Essilor International | Article doté d'une surface hydrophile revêtu d'un film super-hydrophobe temporaire et son procédé d'obtention |
CN114177896A (zh) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-15 | 中国石油大学(北京) | 一种具有高表面自由能层和低表面自由能层的纳微米颗粒及其制备方法与应用 |
CN117625010A (zh) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-03-01 | 中山虹丽美新材料科技有限公司 | 一种超疏水粉末涂料及其制备方法和涂层 |
CN117625010B (zh) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-05-24 | 中山虹丽美新材料科技有限公司 | 一种超疏水粉末涂料及其制备方法和涂层 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2017522172A (ja) | 2017-08-10 |
EP3145642A2 (fr) | 2017-03-29 |
US20170120294A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
JP6728067B2 (ja) | 2020-07-22 |
CA2949412A1 (fr) | 2015-11-26 |
US10668501B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 |
WO2015177229A3 (fr) | 2016-01-07 |
EP3145642B1 (fr) | 2020-07-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3145642B1 (fr) | Nouveau procede d'obtention de surfaces superhydrophobes ou superhydrophiles | |
Huang et al. | Environmentally durable superhydrophobic surfaces with robust photocatalytic self-cleaning and self-healing properties prepared via versatile film deposition methods | |
BE1019748A3 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un depot de nanoparticules inorganiques, comportant des micro-vides, sur un support transparent a la lumiere. | |
EP1960814B1 (fr) | Article enduit d un film hautement hydrophobe et son procede de fabrication | |
EP2271438B1 (fr) | Recouvrement d'un substrat par un film de polymere stable en milieu liquide | |
WO1993004386A1 (fr) | Materiau presentant des proprietes antireflet, hydrophobes et de resistance a l'abrasion et procede de depot d'une couche antireflet, hydrophobe et resistance a l'abrasion sur un substrat | |
EP3494180A1 (fr) | Revêtements combinant des constituants absorbant les huiles et oléophobes, permettant d'augmenter la résistance aux taches | |
WO2018127656A1 (fr) | Procédé de fabrication d'une membrane multicouche sur support solide à base de copolymère à blocs amphiphile | |
FR2949111A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un substrat revetu d'un film antistatique mesoporeux et son application en optique ophtalmique | |
WO2021064248A1 (fr) | Article ayant une surface hydrophobe revêtue d'un film super-hydrophobe provisoire fournissant une fonctionnalité anti-pluie et procédé pour son obtention | |
JP2007333291A (ja) | 太陽エネルギー利用装置とその製造方法 | |
CA2995345A1 (fr) | Vitrage de vehicule de transport a revetement deperlant et anti-poussiere associe a un appareil de detection | |
Sato et al. | Large-scale formation of fluorosurfactant-doped transparent nanocomposite films showing durable antifogging, oil-repellent, and self-healing properties | |
JP2004136630A (ja) | 機能性皮膜被覆物品、およびその製造方法 | |
WO2010034936A1 (fr) | Revêtements anti-reflet comprenant des objets dispersés présentant deux domaines séparés ayant des indices de réfraction distincts | |
CN114503016A (zh) | 具有涂覆有临时超疏水膜的亲水表面的制品及获得其的方法 | |
EP3362457B1 (fr) | Article d'optique comportant un revêtement précurseur d'un revêtement antibuée ayant des propriétés antisalissure obtenu à partir d'un composé amphiphile | |
EP3799952A1 (fr) | Procede de preparation de nanoparticules framboise | |
WO2023204762A1 (fr) | Revêtement amphiphobe et procédé de préparation d'un revêtement amphiphobe | |
Devaux et al. | Physical-chemistry of “polygomer” surfaces through AFM force measurements | |
WO2020256995A1 (fr) | Surface semi-liquide à répulsion de liquides et de solides | |
Gemici | Effects and applications of capillary condensation in ultrathin nanoparticle assemblies |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15726049 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A2 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2949412 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15311938 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016568624 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2015726049 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2015726049 Country of ref document: EP |