WO2015157972A1 - 样本架移动机构、样本架传送装置及样本分析设备 - Google Patents

样本架移动机构、样本架传送装置及样本分析设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015157972A1
WO2015157972A1 PCT/CN2014/075617 CN2014075617W WO2015157972A1 WO 2015157972 A1 WO2015157972 A1 WO 2015157972A1 CN 2014075617 W CN2014075617 W CN 2014075617W WO 2015157972 A1 WO2015157972 A1 WO 2015157972A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample
temporary storage
moving
sample rack
cam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/075617
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
佘法停
张乐平
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Priority to CN201480074813.3A priority Critical patent/CN106170703B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/075617 priority patent/WO2015157972A1/zh
Publication of WO2015157972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015157972A1/zh
Priority to US15/295,892 priority patent/US10309978B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US16/371,310 priority patent/US11204359B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • G01N35/026—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations having blocks or racks of reaction cells or cuvettes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
    • G01N2035/0401—Sample carriers, cuvettes or reaction vessels
    • G01N2035/0412—Block or rack elements with a single row of samples
    • G01N2035/0415—Block or rack elements with a single row of samples moving in two dimensions in a horizontal plane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
    • G01N2035/0474—Details of actuating means for conveyors or pipettes
    • G01N2035/0482—Transmission
    • G01N2035/0484—Belt or chain
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
    • G01N2035/0474—Details of actuating means for conveyors or pipettes
    • G01N2035/0482—Transmission
    • G01N2035/0486—Gearing, cams

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a sample rack moving mechanism for removing and moving a collected test tube sample from a temporary storage position, sending the removed sample rack to an analysis test position and returning the analyzed test tube sample.
  • the sample rack transport device in the temporary storage position and the device having the sample rack moving mechanism and the sample rack transport device and providing analysis and testing for the transmitted sample are also applicable to a medical test environment or other medical test device for analyzing the test environment.
  • test tube In medical equipment, blood and body fluid analysis generally uses a test tube to collect samples.
  • the sample tube is usually inserted into the sample holder so that one sample holder can store multiple test tubes, which makes the movement and storage of the test tube very convenient and improves the test efficiency.
  • Most of the existing medical devices adopt the sample rack and test tube scheme, and directly feed the sample rack inserted into the test tube directly into the device, and directly wait for the analysis result, and the operation mode of such a device is simple.
  • the different devices have different internal transport methods for the sample racks, the purpose is to transport the sample racks through the motion axes, so that the equipment analyzes each test tube sample on the sample rack one by one. During the transfer process, each sample tube is required to reach the test site accurately and without tilting, tipping or damage.
  • the sample rack there are two main types of medical equipment for the sample rack: one is to raise and lower the sample holder, and the other is to make the sample holder translate in the guide groove.
  • the sample holder needs to be moved back and forth, generally by inserting a positioning pin into the positioning hole on the sample holder and moving it under the driving of other shafts.
  • the solution requires designing a positioning hole on the sample holder, so that the positional accuracy of the positioning hole is required to be high, and the manufacturing accuracy may affect the positioning accuracy of the moving shaft, so that the positioning pin fails to perform smoothly.
  • the risk of inserting a locating hole to withstand the sample holder is high. In this case, a serious abnormality such as a stuck motion axis or a tilt of the sample rack top, splashing of the test solution may occur.
  • the power part of the motion axis because the existing medical equipment can only use the electric control, its motion mechanism needs the motor as the power source to drive.
  • the commonly used motor is a rotary motor, which needs to convert the rotary motion into a linear motion.
  • the motor with direct linear motion is special in structure, high in cost and large in volume.
  • the use of a rotary motor requires an intermediate transmission mechanism, which increases the number of motors.
  • Equipment manufacturing cost and floor space therefore, in the design, the structural requirements of the intermediate mechanism, the size of the space occupied and the transmission accuracy are put forward higher requirements, and the development trend of medical equipment requires as simple as possible structure and compact structure.
  • the motion mechanism is reliable, and the purchased parts are also as generic as possible.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above deficiencies of the prior art, and firstly provides a sample rack moving mechanism which is simple in structure, compact, accurate in transmission, reliable, and can avoid tilting of a sample tube and splashing of a reagent.
  • the sample rack moving mechanism provided by the present invention cooperates with a temporary storage compartment in which a plurality of test sample tubes are placed, and is used for parking the sample racks loaded with the plurality of sample tubes out of the temporary storage position. And sending the sample rack containing the plurality of tested sample tubes back to the temporary storage bin, which includes:
  • a first driving element which is a first rotating electrical machine
  • cam follower that cooperates with the cam to move along a curved contour path set by the cam
  • the movement direction of the frame is on the same straight line, and the bottom plane of the moving guide groove is equal to the support plane on the temporary storage bin for placing the sample holder;
  • the cam is a disc-shaped member, and is eccentrically disposed on an output shaft of the first rotating electrical machine, and a cam groove is defined in the cam groove, and the cam follower is inserted in the cam groove and The cam groove slides.
  • the cam outer contour is a waist-shaped structure
  • the cam groove is an arc-shaped groove that is disposed on the disk surface and is close to a periphery of the outer contour thereof.
  • the second driving component is a second rotating electrical machine
  • the output shaft is provided with a first driving wheel
  • the first driving wheel is provided with a first driven wheel corresponding to the position, the first driving wheel and the first driving wheel
  • a transmission belt is connected between the first driven wheels, and the support member is connected to the transmission belt; in the conveying direction of the first transmission belt, a second moving rail is further disposed in parallel, and the second moving rail has a longitudinal direction and a setting The sample racks on the temporary storage bins move in the same direction.
  • the support member is a fork that can be placed on the bottom or/and sides of the sample holder to horizontally shift the sample holder, and the size of the fork fork is suitable for the bottom of the sample holder. Match.
  • the first rotating electrical machine is fixed on a first mounting plate, and the first mounting plate is arranged to cooperate with the supporting member to move the supporting member up and down under the driving of the cam follower The first moving guide that is guided.
  • the first mounting plate is provided with an optocoupler
  • the supporting member is correspondingly disposed to cooperate with the optocoupler to trigger the optocoupler to control the first rotating motor to be turned on or off.
  • Photocoupler sweeps.
  • the above-mentioned sample rack moving mechanism provided by the invention can make the connection or disengagement between the support member and the sample holder simple and compact, the steering performance is good, and the cooperation with other related mechanisms is facilitated by means of the cam transmission mode. And the layout, and the support member can easily realize the intermittent movement of the support member during the movement by the cooperation with the cam, and the motion reliability is better.
  • the first driving component is directly connected to the cam by using a rotating electric machine, and no other intermediate components are required, the cost is low, the versatility is good, and the support member can be conveniently and accurately placed on the sample rack due to the high transmission precision of the cam transmission.
  • the bottom of the sample can avoid the bad contact with the sample holder; on the other hand, the length direction of the moving guide groove is on the same line as the moving direction of the sample holder on the temporary storage bin, and the sample rack is placed on the bottom plane and the temporary storage bin.
  • the support plane height setting can always keep the movement of the sample rack away from the temporary storage bin or return to the temporary storage bin on the same straight line and the same horizontal plane, effectively avoiding the jam during the transfer process or causing the sample rack to tilt, so that The test solution splashes and splashes and other defects.
  • the present invention also provides a sample rack transfer device comprising a temporary storage bin and the sample rack moving mechanism described above, further comprising a lateral transfer member that can move the moving guide groove and the sample holder moving on the moving guide groove .
  • the lateral movement mechanism includes a third driving element and a third moving rail, and the sample rack moving mechanism is driven by the third driving member to move along the third moving rail.
  • the temporary storage compartment is provided with a through groove for allowing the support member to be inserted to connect and fix the bottom of the sample holder.
  • a plurality of the sample racks are arranged in parallel in the lateral direction of the temporary storage bin, and at a lateral end of the temporary storage bin, a sample rack corresponding to the horizontally arranged on the temporary storage bin is disposed.
  • the code rack has a sensor at the side end of the code rack.
  • the sample rack conveying device provided by the invention not only has the characteristics of the above-mentioned removal mechanism, but also can make the sample rack transfer stroke longer by lateral movement, which is beneficial to the conversion of different test platforms.
  • the invention also provides a sample analysis device, comprising the sample rack transfer device described above, which can complete the transfer, detection and analysis functions of the collected test tube samples.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the assembly of a cam and a support assembly according to an embodiment of a sample rack moving mechanism of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a combined structure of a cam and a support provided by an embodiment of a sample rack moving mechanism of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a cam in the embodiment of the sample rack moving mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view 1 of the sample rack moving mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a second schematic structural view of the sample rack moving mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view 1 of an embodiment of a sample rack conveying device of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view 2 of the embodiment of the sample rack transporting device of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view 3 of the embodiment of the sample rack transporting device of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a fourth structural view of the embodiment of the sample rack transporting device of the present invention.
  • Figure 10A is a schematic view showing the support member of the sample rack transporting device of the present invention in a low position
  • Figure 10B is a schematic view showing the support member of the sample rack transporting device of the present invention in a high position
  • Figure 11A is a schematic view showing the support member of the sample rack transporting device of the present invention in a temporary storage position
  • Figure 11B is a schematic view of the support of the sample rack transport device of the present invention in the position of the moving guide.
  • sample refers to any sample of body fluid and blood that can be placed in a sample tube for analysis, including but not limited to: materials (including biological materials collected on the swab, for example) Throat, vagina, cartilage, rectum, urethra, nasal or nasopharyngeal swab), fluid, urine, blood, saliva, serum, plasma, fecal material, inhalation, lotion, tissue homogenate, and treatment fluid.
  • materials including biological materials collected on the swab, for example
  • the sample rack moving mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present invention is disposed in cooperation with the temporary storage bin 2 loaded with the plurality of sample racks 5 , and a plurality of test sample tubes are arranged on each sample rack 5 .
  • the sample rack moving mechanism is configured to remove the sample rack 5 parked on the temporary storage bin 2 from its temporary storage position, and return the sample rack 5 after the detection at the detecting position to the temporary storage bin 2, including the figure 1 to 2, the vertical movement member (in the Z-axis direction shown in the drawing) 1 and the longitudinal movement member 3 (moving in the Y-axis direction shown in the drawing), the up-and-down moving member 1 being cam-supported
  • the combination of parts is formed, comprising: a base 105 for carrying and mounting components, which can be fixed on a worktable (not shown); a first driving element, which is a first rotating electrical machine 111; a cam 106, and a first rotating electrical machine
  • the fixed connection 111 is rotated by the first rotating electrical machine 111 and has a set curved contour; the cam follower 107 cooperates with the cam 106 to move along a curved contour path set by the cam 106; the support member 108,
  • the fixed connection with the cam follower 107 can be moved up and down (the
  • the longitudinal transfer member 3 includes a second driving member 301 and a moving guide groove 308 for moving the sample holder 5 from the temporary storage position to the moving guide groove 308.
  • the position of the moving guide groove 308 corresponds to the installation position of the temporary storage bin 2, Parallel to the position of the temporary storage bin 2, the longitudinal direction of the moving guide groove 308 is on the same line as the moving direction of the sample holder 5 disposed on the temporary storage bin 2, and the bottom plane of the moving guide groove 308 is used with the temporary storage bin 2
  • the height of the support plane on which the sample rack 5 is placed, that is, the two are on the same horizontal plane, facilitates the movement of the sample rack 5 from the temporary storage position to the moving guide groove 308.
  • the support member 108 is coupled to the second drive member 301.
  • the second driving element 301 the support member 108 can be first moved longitudinally from the position of the moving guide groove 304 (the Y-axis direction shown in the drawing), and placed on the temporary storage bin 2 to be transported. 5 bottom, then, by the rotation of the cam 106, the support member 108 is moved upward (Z-axis direction), and is movably connected to the sample holder 5, and then reversely operated by the second driving member 301, and the sample holder is driven by the support member 108.
  • the sample holder 5 after leaving the temporary storage bin 2 position, returning to the position of the moving guide groove 308; correspondingly, after the sample test tube on the sample rack 5 is detected, the sample holder 5 can be longitudinally moved by the support member 108 through the second driving member 301, and The position set on the temporary storage bin 2 is returned, and the support member 108 is disengaged from the sample holder 5 by the cooperation between the first rotary electric machine 111, the cam 106, and the cam follower 107.
  • the above-mentioned sample rack moving mechanism provided by the present invention can not only make the structure design of the entire sample rack moving mechanism simple, compact and compact, but also facilitates other
  • the cooperation and layout of the associated mechanism can be used in a small space size of the device, and in this configuration, the up and down movement of the support member 108 depends only on the contour curve of the cam 106 design, so that the support member 108 can be easily realized in the sample holder.
  • the output shaft of the first rotating electrical machine 111 can be directly connected with the cam 106 to provide rotational power, no other intermediate components are required, and the rotating motor is low in cost, and can be purchased anywhere, and has good versatility.
  • the cam 106 transmission has high transmission precision, the support member 108 can be conveniently and accurately placed at the bottom of the sample holder 5, so that the support member 108 can be easily designed by the structure of the sample holder 5, and the support can be ensured.
  • the member 108 is in good contact with the sample holder 5 to complete the push and support functions; on the other hand, the alignment of the moving guide 308 and the temporary storage bin 2 is set such that the longitudinal direction thereof moves with the sample holder 5 on the temporary storage bin 2.
  • the directions are on the same line, and the bottom plane is set to be equal to the support plane on which the sample holder is placed on the temporary storage bin, so as to keep the movement of the sample rack 5 while leaving the temporary storage bin 2 or returning to the temporary storage bin 2 is still in the same straight line.
  • the position of the sample rack 5 can be kept constant at the time of transfer, and the design object of the present invention can be achieved by avoiding serious defects such as jamming during the transfer process or tilting of the sample rack, splashing and splashing of the test liquid.
  • the cam 106 includes a body 1061 which is a disk-shaped member and is sleeved on the output shaft of the first rotating electrical machine 111, and its fixed position is offset from the center of rotation of the cam 106. That is, the eccentricity is disposed on the output shaft of the first rotating electrical machine 111.
  • the main body 1061 is provided with a cam groove 1062.
  • the cam groove 1062 is provided with the support member 108 placed on the sample holder 5 according to the movement of the support member 108.
  • the support member 108 is disposed outwardly with a pin shaft 120.
  • the cam follower 107 is an annular roller that is sleeved on the pin shaft 120 and is inserted into the cam groove 1062 and fixed by the snap ring 119.
  • the ring 119 blocks the cam follower 107, prevents the cam follower 107 from falling off, and also facilitates replacement of the cam follower 107 when worn.
  • the cam 106 can slide the cam follower 107 in the cam groove 1062, thereby causing the support member 108 to move to complete the up and down movement.
  • the outer contour of the cam body 1061 is a waist structure
  • the center of the waist structure is offset from the center of rotation of the cam
  • the cam groove 1062 is an arc groove passing through the disk surface and close to the outer contour thereof. Peripheral, the same curvature as the outer contour.
  • This structure can ensure the smoothness of the movement of the cam 106.
  • the regular shape design is beneficial to the processing in the manufacturing process, and the machining precision is ensured.
  • the cam groove 1062 is opened near the outer contour of the body 1061 and has the same curvature as the outer contour. In order to obtain a longer movement track of the cam groove 1062, the entire cam 106 can be made smaller and more compact, and it is also advantageous for processing and reducing the processing cost.
  • the structural design of the cam 106 is not limited to the above-mentioned disc-shaped or waist-shaped structure, nor is it limited to the above-mentioned arc-shaped groove structure, and a moving cam, a cylindrical cam or other cam structure may be employed, and the support member 108 may pass the spring. return.
  • the first driving motor 111 is fixed on the first mounting plate 101.
  • the first mounting plate 101 is vertically disposed, and is fixed on the base 105 by screws 117.
  • the first rotating electrical machine 111 is fixed by screws 122.
  • On the side of the first mounting plate 101 the top of the first mounting plate 101 is covered with a first protective cover 110.
  • the first protective cover 110 is fixed on the top of the first mounting plate 101 by screws 109 to prevent the sample holder 5 from falling during movement.
  • the first rotating electrical machine 111 causes the first rotating electrical machine 111 to be damaged.
  • the supporting member 108 and the cam 106 are located on the other side of the first mounting plate 101 opposite to the first rotating electrical machine 111.
  • the first mounting plate 101 defines a through hole, and the output shaft of the first rotating electrical machine 111 passes through the through hole.
  • the V-shaped groove is radially opened, and the cam body 1061 is fixed on the output shaft of the first rotating electrical machine 111 by a set screw 118, and is driven to rotate.
  • a first moving rail 103 is further disposed on the first mounting plate 101 on a surface opposite to the support member 108, and is fixed by a screw 115.
  • a corresponding slider 112 is slidably engaged with the support member 108, and is fixed to the support member 108 by screws 116. In this way, the support member 108 can be moved up and down along the first movable guide rail 103 by the slider 112 by the cam follower 107.
  • the first moving rail 103 can be integrally formed with the first mounting board 101, or can be processed on the first mounting board 101 as shown in FIG. a mounting groove, the first moving rail 103 is embedded and fixed in the mounting groove to ensure the mounting position accuracy of the first moving rail 103, and at the same time, the weight of the first mounting plate 101 can be reduced; likewise, the slider 112 can also be connected with the supporting member. 108 integrated molding.
  • the sliding slot can also be designed on the first mounting plate 101.
  • the sliding member of the supporting member 108 is matched with the sliding slot, and the linear bearing can also be used, and details are not described herein.
  • the corresponding position of the base 105 relative to the bottom of the cam 106 can be processed according to the swinging curve of the cam 106 to avoid the arc groove 113, thereby reducing the weight of the base 105.
  • the overall mounting height of the support member 108 can also be reduced; likewise, the support member 108 is machined with a through slot 114 in the mounting position of the screw 115 to facilitate the mounting of the first moving rail 103 while allowing the support member 108 to be closer to the first mounting.
  • the plate 101 can reduce the size of the space between the first moving rail 103 and the slider 112, making the entire structure more compact.
  • the second driving component 301 also adopts a second rotating electrical machine, and is fixed to one end of a supporting base 307 for supporting the entire moving part 1 .
  • the carrier of the longitudinal transfer member 3 the moving guide groove 308 is connected to the support base 307 through the second shield 309, and is located above the support base 307, and the upper and lower moving parts 1 are disposed in the space enclosed by the second shield 309, thereby avoiding Liquid and external impurities contaminate moving parts.
  • a first driving wheel 302 is disposed on the output shaft of the second rotating motor, and a corresponding position of the first driving wheel 302 is provided with a first driven wheel 305.
  • the first driven wheel 305 is fixed to the supporting base by the first fixing base 306.
  • a first transmission belt 303 is connected between the first driving wheel 302 and the first driven wheel 305.
  • a second moving rail 304 is further disposed in parallel, and the longitudinal direction of the second moving rail 304 coincides with the moving direction of the sample rack 5 disposed on the temporary storage bin 2.
  • One end of the base 105 on the upper and lower moving parts 1 is connected to the first transmission belt 303, and the other end is slidably disposed on the second moving rail 304.
  • the entire vertical moving member 1 can be longitudinally moved along the second moving rail 304 (Y-axis direction) by the movement of the first driving belt 303 by the second driving member 301.
  • the sample holder 5 can be moved by the support member 108 to move between the temporary storage compartment 2 and the moving guide groove 308.
  • the first transmission belt 303 can adopt the timing belt, and the towing belt 310 is matched, and the transmission is accurate and reliable, the load is small, the structure is compact, and the transmission efficiency is also high.
  • the second driving component 301 can also be in the form of a linear cylinder.
  • the support member 108 is connected to the cylinder piston rod, and the function of driving the sample holder 5 between the temporary storage compartment 2 and the moving guiding slot 308 can also be realized.
  • this structure is costly compared to the synchronous belt transmission method, and the moving distance is also easily limited.
  • the support member 108 is coupled to the nut, and the support member 108 is moved by the screwing of the screw rod and the nut, and the above function can also be realized, and the linear bearing method can also be used, so as long as it can pass
  • the movement of the support member 108 between the temporary storage compartment 2 and the moving guide slot 308 by the support member 108 should be limited to the scope of the present invention.
  • the support member 108 shown in the embodiment of the present invention is a fork with a bearing surface of the horizontal fork 1081, and can be placed on the sample holder 5 by the movement of the cam 106 and the cam follower 107.
  • the bottom or / and both sides are horizontally raised upwards after positioning (the Z-axis direction shown), and the sample holder 5 is connected and supported.
  • the sample holder 5 is forked by a fork, and the bottom surface of the fork is identical to the support plane of the sample holder 5 on the temporary storage bin 2.
  • the hooks 1082 at both ends can push the sample holder 5 to complete the temporary storage bin 2 A two-way reciprocating motion with the moving guide 308.
  • the fork fork 1081 is sized to fit the bottom of the sample holder 5, preferably larger than the sample holder 5 (the contact surface of the hook 1082 with the sample holder 5 when the sample holder 5 and the fork 108 are aligned) The distance is set to 2.5MM).
  • the fork 108 can easily fork the sample holder 5 without misalignment, the sample holder 5 or the fork 108 can be turned over, and the reliability is high and the structure is very simple.
  • an optocoupler 102 is further disposed on the first mounting board 101 , and the optocoupler 102 is vertically provided with a slot.
  • the first mounting plate 101 is provided with a card slot, and the optical coupling 102 can be positioned and fixed on the card slot by the screw 121 to ensure the accuracy of the mounting position of the optocoupler 12.
  • the support member 108 is correspondingly provided with an optical coupling wiper 104 that can cooperate with the optocoupler 102.
  • the isolation signal generated when the optocoupler blade 104 passes through the slot of the optocoupler 102 is transmitted to the driving circuit to control the opening or closing of the first rotating electrical machine 111, thereby controlling the rotation of the cam 106.
  • the first rotating electrical machine 111, the first moving rail 103 and the optocoupler sweeping piece 104 are all mounted on the first mounting plate 101, so that the relative mounting precision of the components can be ensured and the part structure is simple.
  • the present invention further provides a sample rack transporting device, which can drive the moving guide groove 308 on the sample rack moving mechanism and the sample rack 5 located on the moving guide groove 308 to be further transmitted to the target detecting position.
  • a sample rack transporting device which can drive the moving guide groove 308 on the sample rack moving mechanism and the sample rack 5 located on the moving guide groove 308 to be further transmitted to the target detecting position. It includes a temporary storage bin 2, the above-mentioned sample rack moving mechanism, and a lateral transfer member 4 that can move the entire sample rack moving mechanism.
  • the sample rack 5 to be detected which is separated from the temporary storage compartment 2 and located on the moving guide groove 308, can be sent to the inspection station along with the moving guide groove 308 by the lateral transfer member 4 (transferred to the target detection along the X-axis direction shown in the figure) Position), or returning the detected sample rack 5 from the detection table position to the initial position when the sample rack moving mechanism moves laterally (the initial position is that the sample rack 5 moves from the temporary storage position on the temporary storage bin 2 to the moving guide groove)
  • the position on the 308 is also the position where the lateral transfer member 4 drives the moving guide groove 308 and the sample holder 5 to start moving toward the target detection position or the position where the lateral transfer member 4 returns from the target detection position and stops moving, and then the sample The carriage moving mechanism causes the sample rack 5 to be returned from the moving guide 308 to the temporary storage compartment 2.
  • the lateral moving component 4 includes a third driving component 402 and a third moving rail 405, wherein the third driving component 402 is a third rotating electrical machine, which is fixed by the second mounting plate 401.
  • the output shaft is connected to the second driving wheel 403, and the second driven wheel 406 is disposed along the length of the third moving rail 405.
  • the second driven wheel 406 is fixed to the table by the second fixing base 407.
  • a second belt 404 is connected between the second driving wheel 403 and the second driven wheel 406.
  • the bearing seat 307 of the sample rack moving mechanism is slidably disposed on the third moving rail 405 and is coupled to the second belt. 404 connection.
  • the entire sample rack moving mechanism can be laterally moved along the length direction of the third moving rail 405 (in the X-axis direction shown in the figure) by the movement of the second belt 404 under the driving of the third driving member 402. Therefore, the sample holder 5 can be moved to the detection station along with the moving guide groove 308, and the sample is sent to the detection position, and then returned with the movement guide groove 308 after the detection.
  • the second transmission belt 404 can adopt a timing belt, and is provided with a tow belt 411, which is accurate and reliable in transmission, has a small load, is compact in structure, and has high transmission efficiency.
  • the third driving component 402 can adopt a nut screw combination transmission manner, and the bearing seat 307 is connected with the nut, and the movement of the sample rack moving mechanism is driven by the screwing of the screw rod and the nut, and the above functions can also be realized, and the function can also be adopted.
  • the linear bearing method is implemented and will not be described here.
  • the temporary storage bin 2 is designed according to the layout of the sample rack transport device and the lateral moving member 4, and the sample holder 5 is placed in a position to facilitate its connection and movement with the support member 108.
  • the temporary storage bin 2 can be moved by the driving member, and a plurality of grilles 21 are arranged in parallel along the moving direction. Each grill 21 is provided with the same rack 5, and each sample rack 5 is provided. There are multiple sample tubes loaded on it.
  • each of the grids 21 coincides with the moving direction of the sample holder 5, and the width is adapted to the width of the moving guide groove 308, so that the center of movement of the sample holder 5, the center of symmetry in the longitudinal direction of the grid 21, and the moving guide 308 can be made.
  • the symmetry centers in the longitudinal direction are on the same straight line, which is advantageous for the movement of the sample holder 5, and also facilitates the alignment of the respective grids 21 with the moving guide grooves 308.
  • a through slot 22 is defined in a bottom plane of each of the grills 21 for placing the sample rack 5 , and the through slot 22 is provided to facilitate the support member 108 (especially the fork fork)
  • the insertion of the mouth 1081), after the fixed sample holder 5 is connected, the fork fork 1081 can be moved along the through groove 22, thereby avoiding the interference of the grill 21 to the support member 108, and at the same time, guiding the movement.
  • a code rack 408 is further disposed, and the code rack 408 is provided with a tooth slot.
  • a tail end of the code racks 408 is provided with a sensor 410, and the sensor 410 can provide a sensing signal to temporarily
  • the storage bin 2 moves forward and the sample rack transport device moves to the next action.
  • the control system sends a signal, and the second driving component 301 is activated to drive the first driving wheel 302 to rotate.
  • the first driving belt 301 is in the first A driven wheel 305 drives the lower movement, and simultaneously drives the base 105 and the vertical moving member 1 mounted on the base 105 to move along the second moving rail 304 (Y-axis direction), and the moving direction thereof is disposed toward the temporary storage bin 2.
  • the support member 108 is moved to the bottom position of the sample holder 5, the support member 108 is at a lower position, and its highest point is lower than the support plane of the sample holder 5 of the temporary storage compartment 2 (see FIG.
  • the optocoupler blade 104 is located in the slot of the optocoupler 102, triggering the optocoupler 102, the second driving component 301 starts to stop rotating, the first rotating electrical machine 111 (first driving component) is activated, the cam 106 is rotated, and the cam groove is rotated.
  • the 1062 pushes the cam follower 107 such that the support member 108 rises in the Z-axis direction, and the moving distance of the cam follower 107 at the cam groove 1062 determines the movement stroke of the support member 108.
  • the support member 108 When the support member 108 is at a high position, it can be connected to the sample holder 5, the optical coupling blade 104 leaves the optical coupling 102, the first rotary motor 111 stops rotating, and the cam follower 107 is located at the stop position of the cam groove 1062 (see FIG. 10B), at this time, the second driving element 301 is restarted to drive the first driving wheel 302 to rotate in the opposite direction (see FIG.
  • the first driving belt 301 is moved by the first driven wheel 305, and simultaneously drives the base 105 and is mounted on
  • the up-and-down moving member 1 on the base 105 moves along the second moving rail 304 (Y-axis direction), its moving direction is toward the position of the moving guide 308, and finally stops at the position set by the moving guide 308 (see Fig. 11B).
  • the third driving element 402 is activated to drive the second driving wheel 403 to rotate, and the second driving belt 404 is moved by the second driven wheel 406, and simultaneously drives the supporting base 307 and the sample holder moving mechanism mounted on the supporting base 307.
  • the three moving rails 405 (in the X-axis direction) move to feed the sample holder 5 to the detection position.
  • the third driving component 402 is reversely activated to drive the detected sample rack 5 to move backward along the original path, and finally return to the temporary storage bin 2.
  • the sensor 410 issues a control signal to move the temporary storage bin 2 forward, and the sample rack 5 in the next grill 21 is aligned with the moving guide groove 308 to start the next cycle.
  • the invention also provides a sample analysis device, comprising the sample rack transfer device, which can complete the transfer, detection and analysis functions of the collected test tube samples.
  • the whole device has a simple and compact structure and high transmission precision, which effectively ensures the sample is delivered to the target position, and provides a reliable guarantee for pathological detection and analysis.

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Abstract

一种样本架移动机构，用于将停放于暂存仓（2）上，装有多个样本试管的样本架（5）移除暂存位置并将装有多个检测完毕的样本试管的样本架（5）送回暂存仓（2），包括：驱动元件；由驱动元件带动转动、具有设定的曲线轮廓的凸轮（106）；沿凸轮（106）轮廓轨迹移动的凸轮随动器（107）；与暂存仓（2）对应设置，其底平面与暂存仓（2）上放置样本架（5）的支撑平面等高、可将样本架（5）移于其上的移动导槽（308），及可由凸轮随动器（107）带动做上下移动且可带动样本架（5）于暂存仓（2）和移动导槽（308）之间水平移动的支撑件（108）。该移动机构结构简单、紧凑、传动位置准确、可靠，有效保证了样本传送至目标位置，可避免样本试管倾斜、试剂飞溅等缺陷。还包括一种具有该样本架移动机构的传送装置和试管样本分析设备。

Description

样本架移动机构、样本架传送装置及样本分析设备 技术领域
本发明属于医疗设备领域，尤其涉及一种将所采集的试管样本从暂存位置移出和移进的样本架移动机构、将移出的样本架送至分析测试位置并将分析完毕的试管样本送回暂存位置的样本架传送装置以及具有所述样本架移动机构和样本架传送装置并为传输的样本提供分析、测试的设备，还适用于医疗测试环境或其它分析测试环境的医学测试装置。
 背景技术
在医疗设备中，有关血液、体液分析一般采用试管采集样本。样本试管通常采用插入样本架的方式使得一个样本架可以存放多个试管，使得试管的移动、存放都非常方便，同时可提高测试效率。现有的此类医疗设备大都采用样本架和试管的方案，直接将插入试管的样本架直接送入设备中，直接等待分析结果，此类设备操作方式简便。虽然各不同的设备其内部对样本架的运输方式各不相同，但目的都是通过运动轴来运输样本架，使得设备对样本架上的每个试管样本逐一分析。移送过程中，要求各样本试管能准确无误地达到测试地点，且无倾斜、翻倒或毁损现象。
　　目前医疗设备对样本架的运输方案主要有两种：一种是使样本架升降，另一种是使样本架在导槽中平移。而后一种方案中，需要使样本架来回运动，一般是采取伸出一个定位销插入样本架上的定位孔中，并在其它轴的带动下移动。该方案需要在样本架上设计一个定位孔，这样对定位孔的位置精度要求高，而由于制造上的误差，会影响运动轴的定位精度，使定位销在做伸出动作时，未能顺利插入定位孔从而顶住样本架的风险很高。在此情况下会发生运动轴卡死或将样本架顶倾斜，试液泼洒飞溅等严重异常。
　　而运动轴的动力部分，因现有医疗设备只能使用电控制的情况下，其运动机构就需要马达作为动力源来驱动。常用的马达为旋转马达，使用时需要将旋转运动转化为直线运动，直接选用直线运动的马达结构特殊，成本高，体积较大；而采用旋转马达则需要中间传动机构来实现，这样便增加了设备制造成本及占地空间，因此，在设计上，对中间机构的结构组成、所占空间的大小及传动精度提出了较高的要求，而且医疗设备的发展趋势要求尽量结构简单，结构紧凑，运动机构的可靠，同时外购部件还要尽可能通用。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，首先提供了一结构简单、紧凑、传动准确、可靠，可避免样本试管倾斜、试剂飞溅的样本架移动机构。
 技术解决方案
本发明提供的样本架移动机构，与放置有多个检测用样本试管的暂存仓配合，用于将停放于所述暂存仓上、使装有多个样本试管的样本架移出暂存位置并将装有多个检测完毕的样本试管的样本架送回暂存仓，其包括：
　　第一驱动元件，其为第一旋转电机；
　　凸轮，具有设定的曲线轮廓，由所述第一驱动元件带动转动；
　　凸轮随动器，与所述凸轮配合，沿所述凸轮设定的曲线轮廓轨迹移动；
　　第二驱动元件；
　　移动导槽，与所述暂存仓位置对应，以使所述样本架从暂存位置移至该移动导槽上，所述移动导槽的长度方向与设置于所述暂存仓上的样本架移动方向在同一直线上，且该移动导槽底部平面与所述暂存仓上用于放置所述样本架的支撑平面等高；
　　支承件，固定于所述凸轮随动器上且由所述凸轮随动器带动做上下移动，使其与所述样本架活动连接或脱离；并通过与所述第二驱动元件之间的连接以带动所述样本架于所述暂存仓和所述移动导槽之间水平移动。
　　可选地，所述凸轮为盘状构件，偏心设置于所述第一旋转电机的输出轴上，其上开设有凸轮凹槽，所述凸轮随动器插设于该凸轮凹槽内并于所述凸轮凹槽内滑动。
　　可选地，所述凸轮外轮廓为腰形结构，所述凸轮凹槽为穿设于盘面上的弧形凹槽，且靠近其外轮廓周边。
　　可选地，所述第二驱动元件为第二旋转电机，其输出轴上设有第一主动轮，该第一主动轮对应位置设有第一从动轮，所述第一主动轮和所述第一从动轮之间连接有传动带，所述支承件与所述传动带相连；于所述第一传动带的传送方向，还还平行设有第二移动导轨，所述第二移动导轨长度方向与设置于所述暂存仓上的样本架移动方向一致。
可选地，所述支承件为可置于所述样本架底部或/和两侧、可将所述样本架水平推移的拨叉，所述拨叉叉口尺寸与所述样本架底部尺寸适配。
　　可选地，所述第一旋转电机固定于第一安装板上，该第一安装板上设有可与所述支承件配合、使所述支承件在所述凸轮随动器带动下上下移动时导向的第一移动导轨。
　　可选地，所述第一安装板上设有光耦，所述支承件上对应设有可与所述光耦配合、用以触发所述光耦以控制所述第一旋转电机开启或关闭的光耦扫片。
　　本发明提供的上述样本架移动机构，一方面借助于凸轮传动方式，可使支承件与样本架之间的连接或脱离移动结构简单、紧凑，操控性能好，且有利于与其他关联机构的配合和布局，而且支承件通过与凸轮的配合，很容易实现支承件在移动过程中的间歇运动的需要，运动可靠性较佳。同时，第一驱动元件采用旋转电机直接与凸轮连接，不需要其他中间元件，成本低，通用性好，且由于凸轮传动具有较高的传动精度，支承件可很方便、准确地置于样本架的底部，可避免与样本架之间的不良接触；另一方面，移动导槽的长度方向与暂存仓上的样本架移动方向在同一直线上且其底部平面与暂存仓上放置样本架的支撑平面等高设置，可始终保持样本架在离开暂存仓或回到暂存仓时的移动仍在同一直线及同一水平面上，有效避免了移送过程中卡死或导致样本架倾斜，使试液泼洒飞溅等缺陷。
　　本发明还提供了样本架传送装置，包括暂存仓和上述所述的样本架移动机构，还包括可带动所述移动导槽及位于该移动导槽上的所述样本架移动的横向移送部件。
　　可选地，所述横向移动机构包括第三驱动元件及第三移动导轨，所述样本架移动机构由所述第三驱动件带动，沿所述第三移动导轨移动。
　　可选地，所述暂存仓上开设有可使所述支承件插入以连接固定所述样本架底部后便于移动的通槽。
　　可选地，所述暂存仓上横向平行排列有多个所述样本架，于所述暂存仓横向的侧端，设置有可与所述暂存仓上横向排列的所述样本架对应的码齿条，所述码齿条侧端设有传感器。
 有益效果
　　采用本发明提供的样本架传送装置，不仅具有上述移出机构特点，通过横向移动，可使样本架移送行程更长远，有利于不同测试平台的转换。
　　本发明还提供了一种样本分析设备，包括上述所述的样本架传送装置，可完成收集后的试管样本的移送、检测及分析功能。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图实质上应被看作是示意性的，而不是限制性的，其仅仅是本发明的一些实施方式和实施例的表达，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他不同的实施例。
　　图1是本发明样本架移动机构实施例提供的凸轮与支承件组合结构装配示意图；
　　图2是本发明样本架移动机构实施例提供的凸轮与支承件组合结构爆炸图；
　　图3是本发明样本架移动机构实施例中凸轮示意图；
　　图4是本发明样本架移动机构结构示意图一；
　　图5是本发明样本架移动机构结构示意图二；
　　图6是本发明样本架传送装置实施例结构示意图一；
　　图7是本发明样本架传送装置实施例结构示意图二；
　　图8是本发明样本架传送装置实施例结构示意图三；
　　图9是本发明样本架传送装置实施例结构示意图四；
　　图10A是本发明样本架传送装置之支承件处于低位时示意图；
　　图10B是本发明样本架传送装置之支承件处于高位时示意图；
　　图11A是本发明样本架传送装置之支承件位于暂存仓位置时示意图；
　　图11B是本发明样本架传送装置之支承件位于移动导槽位置时示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
　　需要说明的是，本申请所用的术语“样本”，是指可置于样本试管内进行分析的体液及血液任何样本，其种类包括但不限于:材料(包括收集在拭子上的生物材料例如咽喉、阴道、软骨内、直肠、尿道、鼻或鼻咽拭子)、流体、尿液、血液、唾液、血清、血浆、粪便材料、吸气、洗液、组织匀浆和处理液等。
　　本申请所述的元件被称为“连接于”、“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在居中元件。
　　还需要说明的是，本申请实施例中所述的左、右、上、下、横向及纵向等方位用语，仅是互为相对概念或是以产品的正常使用状态为参考的，而不应该认为是具有限制性的。
　　如图1-图9所示，本申请实施例提供的样本架移动机构，与装载有多个样本架5的暂存仓2配合设置，各样本架5上排列有多个检测用样本试管。所述样本架移动机构用于将停放于暂存仓2上的样本架5脱离其暂存位置，并将在检测位置上检测完毕后的样本架5送回暂存仓2上，其包括图1-图2所示的上下移动部件（沿图示所示的Z轴方向）1以及纵向移动部件3（沿图示所示的Y轴方向移动），所述上下移动部件1由凸轮与支承件组合形成，包括：用于承载及安装各部件的底座105，可固定于工作台上（未示出）；第一驱动元件，其为第一旋转电机111；凸轮106，与第一旋转电机111固定连接，由所述第一旋转电机111带动转动，具有设定的曲线轮廓；凸轮随动器107，与所述凸轮106配合，沿凸轮106设定的曲线轮廓轨迹移动；支承件108，与凸轮随动器107固定连接，可在第一旋转电机111的作用下，通过所述凸轮随动器107沿凸轮106轮廓轨迹的运动而上下移动（图示所示的Z轴方向），使之与样本架5活动连接或脱开；所述纵向移送部件3包括第二驱动元件301和移动导槽308，用于将样本架5从暂存位置移至移动导槽308上，移动导槽308设置位置与暂存仓2安装位置对应，可与暂存仓2的仓位平行，该移动导槽308长度方向与设置于暂存仓2上的样本架5移动方向在同一直线上，且该移动导槽308底部平面与暂存仓2上用于放置样本架5的支撑平面等高，即两者在同一水平面上，便于样本架5从暂存位置移至移动导槽308上。进一步地，所述支承件108与第二驱动元件301连接。这样，通过第二驱动元件301带动，首先可使支承件108从移动导槽304位置纵向移动（图示所示的Y轴方向），置于暂存仓2上准备移送的待检测的样本架5底部，然后，通过凸轮106转动，使支承件108向上移动（Z轴方向），与样本架5活动连接后，再通过第二驱动元件301反向动作，由支承件108带动所述样本架5脱离暂存仓2位置，回到移动导槽308位置；相应地，样本架5上样本试管检测完毕后，可通过第二驱动元件301，由支承件108带动样本架5纵向移动，将其送回暂存仓2上设定的位置，再通过第一旋转电机111、凸轮106、凸轮随动器107之间的配合，使支承件108与样本架5脱离。
　　与其它旋转运动转化为直线运动的结构比较，本发明提供的上述样本架移动机构，一方面借助于凸轮传动方式，不仅可使整个样本架移动机构结构设计简单、小巧、紧凑，有利于与其他关联机构的配合和布局，能够在设备较小的空间尺寸中使用，而且这种结构中，支承件108的上下移动仅取决于凸轮106设计的轮廓曲线，这样很容易实现支承件108在样本架5的传送过程中的间歇运动的需要，运动可靠性较佳，满足功性能需求。同时，第一旋转电机111输出轴可直接与凸轮106连接，提供转动的动力即可，不需要其他中间元件，且采用旋转电机成本低，随处可购，通用性好。进一步地，由于凸轮106传动具有较高的传动精度，可使支承件108方便、准确地置于样本架5的底部，这样，支承件108很容易样本架5的结构来设计，且可保证支承件108与样本架5良好的接触，完成推送和承托功能；另一方面，移动导槽308和暂存仓2的对位设置，使其长度方向与暂存仓2上的样本架5移动方向在同一直线上，且其底部平面与暂存仓上放置样本架的支撑平面等高设置，以保持样本架5在离开暂存仓2或回到暂存仓2时的移动仍处于同一直线及同一水平面上，可始终保持样本架5移送时位置的恒定，完全可以避免移送过程中卡死或导致样本架倾斜，使试液泼洒飞溅等严重缺陷，从而实现了本发明的设计目的。
　　请参见图1-图3，本发明实施例中，所述凸轮106包括本体1061，其为盘状构件，套设在第一旋转电机111输出轴上，且其固定位置偏离凸轮106旋转中心，即偏心设置于第一旋转电机111输出轴上，所述本体1061上开设有凸轮凹槽1062，所述凸轮凹槽1062根据支承件108的运动设置有可使支承件108置于样本架5的底部（低位）的近休止角、使支承件上升运动与样本架5活动连接的推程运动角以及可使所述支承件108处在与样本架5连接的最高位的远休止角；所述支承件108向外设置有一销轴120，凸轮随动器107为一环状滚轴，套设于该销轴120上，且插设于该凸轮凹槽1062内，通过卡环119固定，卡环119可挡住凸轮随动器107，防止凸轮随动器107脱落，同时也方便凸轮随动器107磨损时的更换。这样，凸轮106在第一驱动电机111带动转动时，可使凸轮随动器107在凸轮凹槽1062内滑动，从而带动支承件108移动而完成上下移动动作。
　　进一步参见图3，所述凸轮本体1061外轮廓为腰形结构，该腰形结构的中心偏离凸轮旋转中心，所述凸轮凹槽1062为穿设于盘面上的弧形槽，且靠近其外轮廓周边，与外轮廓曲率相同。这种结构，既可保证凸轮106运动时的平稳性，同时，规则的形状设计有利于制造过程中的加工，保证加工精度，凸轮凹槽1062靠近本体1061外轮廓周边开设且与外轮廓曲率相同，以使凸轮凹槽1062获得较长的运动轨迹，这样既可使整个凸轮106结构更为小巧、紧凑，而且也有利于加工，降低加工成本。
　　可以理解地，凸轮106的结构设计不限于上述盘状、腰形结构，也不限于上述的弧形凹槽结构，还可以采用移动凸轮、圆柱状凸轮或其他凸轮结构，支承件108可通过弹簧返回。
　　请再参见图2，所述第一驱动电机111固定于第一安装板101上，该第一安装板101竖直设置，通过螺钉117固定在底座105上，第一旋转电机111通过螺钉122固定于第一安装板101一侧面，其顶部覆盖有第一防护罩110，该第一防护罩110通过螺钉109固定在第一安装板101顶部，可防止样本架5在运动中，液体飞溅落在第一旋转电机111上，导致第一旋转电机111损坏。所述支承件108及凸轮106位于第一安装板101上与第一旋转电机111相对的另一侧面，第一安装板101上开设有通孔，第一旋转电机111输出轴穿越该通孔，其径向开设有V形槽，凸轮本体1061通过紧定螺钉118固定在第一旋转电机111输出轴上，由其带动转动。于所述第一安装板101上，与支承件108相对的面上，还设有第一移动导轨103，通过螺钉115固定。相应地，于支承件108与第一移动导轨103相对的面上，对应的设有可与其配合滑动的滑块112，通过螺钉116与支承件108固定于一体。这样，支承件108便可在凸轮随动器107的带动下，通过滑块112与可第一移动导轨103配合，沿第一移动导轨103做上下移动。
　　可以理解地，第一移动导轨103和滑块112的配合可以灵活设计，第一移动导轨103可以和第一安装板101一体成型，也可如图2所示，在第一安装板101上加工一安装槽，第一移动导轨103嵌入固定在安装槽内，以保证第一移动导轨103的安装位置精度，同时可降低第一安装板101的重量；同样地，滑块112也可和支承件108一体成型。当然，也可在第一安装板101上设计滑槽，支承件108上凸设与滑槽配合的滑条，还可采用直线轴承方式，在此不再赘述。
　　作为设计上的进一步优化，为减轻整个构件的重量，如图1所示，底座105上相对凸轮106底部对应的位置可根据凸轮106的摆动弧线加工避让弧槽113，可减少底座105重量，还可降低支承件108整体安装高度；同样地,支承件108于螺钉115的安装位置加工有通槽114，一方面便于第一移动导轨103的安装，同时可使支承件108更靠近第一安装板101，可减小第一移动导轨103和滑块112之间的空间尺寸，使整个结构更为紧凑。
　　参见图4-图9，本发明具体的实施例中，所述第二驱动元件301亦采用第二旋转电机，固定在一支承座307上的一端，该支承座307为支撑整个上下移动部件1和纵向移送部件3的载体，移动导槽308通过第二防护罩309与支承座307连接，并位于支承座307上方，上下移动部件1设置于第二防护罩309围合的空间内，可避免液体及外界杂质污染运动部件。所述第二旋转电机输出轴上设有第一主动轮302，该第一主动轮302的对应位置设有第一从动轮305，该第一从动轮305通过第一固定座306固定在支承座307另一端，所述第一主动轮302和第一从动轮305之间连接有第一传动带303。于第一传动带303的传送方向，还平行设有第二移动导轨304，所述第二移动导轨304长度方向与设置于暂存仓2上的样本架5移动方向一致。上下移动部件1上的底座105一端连接第一传动带303，另一端可滑动设于第二移动导轨304上。这样，通过第二移动导轨304的导向，整个上下移动部件1可在第二驱动元件301的带动下，通过第一传动带303的移动，沿第二移动导轨304做纵向移动（Y轴方向），从而可由支承件108带动样本架5于暂存仓2和移动导槽308之间移动。
　　上述结构中，第一传动带303可采用同步带，并配套设置拖带310，其传动准确可靠，所受的载荷较小，结构紧凑，传动效率也较高。
可以理解地，第二驱动元件301亦可采用直线气缸形式，支承件108通过与气缸活塞杆连接，同样可实现带动样本架5于暂存仓2和移动导槽308之间移动的功能。当然，这种结构较之于同步带传动方式成本高，且移动距离也容易受限制。或者，采用螺母丝杆组合传动形式，支承件108与螺母连接，通过丝杆与螺母的旋合而带动支承件108移动，也可以实现上述功能，还可采用直线轴承方式实现，故而只要能够通过支承件108带动样本架5于暂存仓2和移动导槽308之间的移动，均应限制在本发明的保护范围之内。
　　请再参见图1-图2，本发明实施例展示的支承件108为一带有水平叉口1081支承面的拨叉，可通过凸轮106及凸轮随动器107的带动移动置于样本架5的底部或/和两侧，定位后水平向上提升（图示的Z轴方向），连接并承托样本架5。本实施例中，采用拨叉叉住样本架5，拨叉的底面与暂存仓2上样本架5的支撑平面一致，两端的勾爪1082可推动样本架5，使之完成暂存仓2和移动导槽308之间双向往返运动。拨叉108升起时高于上下移动部件1中的其它部件，避免了其它直线运动机构中运动部分在两端要有支撑导致空间较大的弊端。设计上，所述拨叉叉口1081尺寸与样本架5底部尺寸适配，最好比样本架5大（样本架5与拨叉108逢中对齐时，勾爪1082与样本架5的接触面距离设为2.5MM）。这样，拨叉108很容易叉住样本架5，不会出现定位不准、叉不住样本架5或拨叉108顶翻样本架5的情况，可靠性高，且结构非常简单。
可以理解地，支承件108与样本架5的配合定位、承托的方式不限于拨叉，也不限于图示结构，只要能够顶起样本架5并使之水平移动，均限制在本发明的保护范围之内。
　　请再参见图1-图2，于所述第一安装板101上，还设有光耦102，光耦102上垂向设有过槽。具体地，第一安装板101上开有卡槽，通过螺钉121，可将光耦102定位固定在卡槽上，以保证光耦12的安装位置精度。所述支承件108上对应设有可与光耦102配合的光耦扫片104。支承件108上下移动时，可通过光耦扫片104穿过光耦102之过槽时产生的隔离信号，传输给驱动电路，控制第一旋转电机111的开启或关闭，进而控制凸轮106的转动，从而实现支承件108的升降。将第一旋转电机111、第一移动导轨103和光耦扫片104都安装在第一安装板101上，可以保证各部件的相对安装精度且零件结构简单。
　　参见图6-图9，本发明还提供了样本架传送装置，可带动样本架移动机构上的所述移动导槽308及位于该移动导槽308上的样本架5进一步传送到目标检测位置，其包括暂存仓2、上述样本架移动机构以及可带动整个样本架移动机构移动的横向移送部件4。可通过横向移送部件4将脱离了暂存仓2而位于移动导槽308上的待检测样本架5随移动导槽308一起送至检测台（沿图示所示的X轴方向移送至目标检测位置），或将检测完毕的样本架5从检测台位置送回样本架移动机构横向移动时的初始位置（该初始位置为样本架5从暂存仓2上的暂存位置移动到移动导槽308上的位置，也为横向移送部件4带动移动导槽308及样本架5向目标检测位置开始移动的起始位置或横向移送部件4从目标检测位置返回后停止移动的位置），再由样本架移动机构使样本架5从移动导槽308上送回到暂存仓2。通过上述结构，可使整个样本架5的移送距离加长，有利于不同测试平台的转换。
　　本发明样本架传送装置具体的实施例中，所述横向移动部件4包括第三驱动元件402及第三移动导轨405，其中第三驱动元件402为第三旋转电机，通过第二安装板401固定在工作台上，其输出轴连接有第二主动轮403，沿第三移动导轨405的长度方向上设有第二从动轮406，该第二从动轮406通过第二固定座407固定在工作台上，所述第二主动轮403和第二从动轮406之间连接有第二传动带404；所述样本架移动机构上之支承座307滑动设置于第三移动导轨405上，并与第二传动带404连接。这样，整个样本架移动机构在第三驱动元件402的带动下，通过第二传动带404的移动，可沿第三移动导轨405的长度方向做横向移动（沿图示所示的X轴方向），从而可使样本架5随移动导槽308移动至检测台，将样本送入检测位置，检测完毕后再随移动导槽308返回。 同样地，上述结构中，第二传动带404可采用同步带，并配套设置拖带411，其传动准确可靠，所受的载荷较小，结构紧凑，传动效率也较高。
可以理解地，第三驱动元件402可采用螺母丝杆组合传动形式，支承座307与螺母连接，通过丝杆与螺母的旋合而带动样本架移动机构移动，也可以实现上述功能，还可采用直线轴承方式实现，在此不再赘述。
　　请再参见图6-图9，所述暂存仓2根据样本架传送装置和横向移动部件4的布局而设计，其样本架5放置位应便于其与支承件108的连接和移动。具体参见图8，所述暂存仓2可由驱动件带动移动，设计有可沿移动方向平行排列的多个格栅21，每一格栅21上设有一样本架5，每个样本架5上装载有多个样本试管。各格栅21的长度方向与样本架5的移动方向一致，且宽度与移动导槽308宽度适配，这样可使样本架5的移动中心、格栅21长度方向的对称中心以及移动导槽308长度方向的对称中心在同一直线上，既有利于样本架5的移动，同时也便于各格栅21移动后与移动导槽308的对位。进一步参见图8，本发明具体的实施例中，各格栅21上用于放置样本架5的底平面上开设有通槽22，通槽22的设置可方便支承件108（尤其是拨叉叉口1081）的插入，连接固定样本架5后，拨叉叉口1081便可沿通槽22移动，既可避免格栅21对支承件108的干涉，同时还可起到移动时的导向作用。
　　参见图7-图9，本发明样本架传送装置实施例中，于所述暂存仓2横向的侧端，还设置有码齿条408，该码齿条408上开设有齿槽，与格栅21个数对应，即与暂存仓2上横向排列的样本架5的个数对应，所述码齿条408的一尾端，设有传感器410，可由该传感器410提供感应信号，使暂存仓2向前移动，样本架传送装置进入下一个动作。
　　本发明样本架运输装置的工作过程：
　　参见图10-图11，待检测样本试管移送前，位于暂存仓2停放位置，此时控制系统发出信号，第二驱动元件301启动，带动第一主动轮302转动，第一传动带301在第一从动轮305带动下移动，同时带动底座105及安装于底座105上的上下移动部件1沿第二移动导轨304（Y轴方向）移动，其移动方向朝向暂存仓2设置位置。当支承件108移动至样本架5底部位置时，支承件108在低位，其最高点低于暂存仓2样本架5的支承平面（见图10A），与样本架5无接触。此时，光耦扫片104位于光耦102过槽中，触发光耦102，第二驱动元件301启动停止转动，第一旋转电机111（第一驱动元件）启动，凸轮106转动，凸轮凹槽1062推动凸轮随动器107，使得支承件108沿Z轴向上升起，凸轮随动器107在凸轮凹槽1062的移动距离确定了支承件108的的运动行程。支承件108处于高位时，可与样本架5连接，光耦扫片104离开光耦102过槽，第一旋转电机111停止转动，凸轮随动器107位于凸轮凹槽1062停止位置不动（见图10B），此时第二驱动元件301再启动，带动第一主动轮302反向转动（见图11A），第一传动带301在第一从动轮305带动下移动，同时带动底座105及安装于底座105上的上下移动部件1移动沿第二移动导轨304（Y轴方向）移动，其移动方向朝向移动导槽308位置，最后到达移动导槽308设定的位置停止（见图11B）。此时，第三驱动元件402启动，带动第二主动轮403转动，第二传动带404在第二从动轮406带动下移动，同时带动支承座307及安装于支承座307上样本架移动机构沿第三移动导轨405（X轴方向）移动，将样本架5送入检测位置。检测完毕后，第三驱动元件402反向启动，带动已检测完毕的样本架5沿原来的路径反向移动，最后回到暂存仓2上。此时，传感器410发出控制信号，使暂存仓2向前移动，下一格栅21中的样本架5与移动导槽308对位，开始下一循环。
　　本发明还提供了一种样本分析设备，包括上述样本架传送装置，可完成收集后的试管样本的移送、检测及分析功能 ，整个设备结构简单、紧凑，具有较高的传动精度，有效保证了样本传送至目标位置，为病理检测和分析提供了可靠地保障。
　　本发明上述实施例和附图所示仅为本发明较佳实施例之部分，并不能以此局限本发明，在不脱离本发明精髓的条件下，本领域技术人员所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，都属本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 样本架移动机构，与放置有多个检测用样本试管的暂存仓配合，用于将停放于所述暂存仓上、使装有多个样本试管的样本架移出暂存位置并将装有多个检测完毕的样本试管的样本架送回暂存仓，其特征在于，包括：
    　　第一驱动元件，其为第一旋转电机；
    　　凸轮，具有设定的曲线轮廓，由所述第一驱动元件带动转动；
    　　凸轮随动器，与所述凸轮配合，沿所述凸轮设定的曲线轮廓轨迹移动；
    　　第二驱动元件；
    　　移动导槽，与所述暂存仓位置对应，以使所述样本架从暂存位置移至该移动导槽上，所述移动导槽的长度方向与设置于所述暂存仓上的样本架移动方向在同一直线上，且该移动导槽底部平面与所述暂存仓上用于放置所述样本架的支撑平面等高；
    　　支承件，固定于所述凸轮随动器上且由所述凸轮随动器带动做上下移动，使其与所述样本架活动连接或脱离；并通过与所述第二驱动元件之间的连接以带动所述样本架于所述暂存仓和所述移动导槽之间水平移动。
  2. 　　如权利要求1所述的样本架移动机构，其特征在于，所述凸轮为盘状构件，偏心设置于所述第一旋转电机的输出轴上，其上开设有凸轮凹槽，所述凸轮随动器插设于该凸轮凹槽内并于所述凸轮凹槽内滑动。
  3. 　　如权利要求2所述的样本架移动机构，其特征在于，所述凸轮外轮廓为腰形结构，所述凸轮凹槽为穿设于盘面上的弧形凹槽，且靠近其外轮廓周边。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的样本架移动机构，其特征在于，所述第二驱动元件为第二旋转电机，其输出轴上设有第一主动轮，该第一主动轮对应位置设有第一从动轮，所述第一主动轮和所述第一从动轮之间连接有传动带，所述支承件与所述传动带相连；于所述第一传动带的传送方向，还平行设有第二移动导轨，所述第二移动导轨长度方向与设置于所述暂存仓上的样本架移动方向一致。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的样本架移动机构，其特征在于，所述支承件为可置于所述样本架底部或/和两侧、可将所述样本架水平推移的拨叉，所述拨叉叉口尺寸与所述样本架底部尺寸适配。
  6. 　　如权利要求1-5任一项所述的样本架移动机构，其特征在于，所述第一旋转电机固定于第一安装板上，该第一安装板上设有可与所述支承件配合、使所述支承件在所述凸轮随动器带动下上下移动时导向的第一移动导轨。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的样本架移动机构，其特征在于，所述第一安装板上设有光耦，所述支承件上对应设有可与所述光耦配合、用以触发所述光耦以控制所述第一旋转电机开启或关闭的光耦扫片。
  8. 样本架传送装置，其特征在于，包括暂存仓和权利要求1-7任一项所述的样本架移动机构，还包括可带动所述移动导槽及位于该移动导槽上的所述样本架移动的横向移送部件。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的样本架传送装置，其特征在于，所述横向移动机构包括第三驱动元件及第三移动导轨，所述样本架移动机构由所述第三驱动件带动，沿所述第三移动导轨移动。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的样本架传送装置，其特征在于，所述暂存仓上开设有可使所述支承件插入以连接固定所述样本架底部后便于移动的通槽。
  11. 　　如权利要求8或9所述的样本架传送装置，其特征在于，所述暂存仓上横向平行排列有多个所述样本架，于所述暂存仓横向的侧端，设置有可与所述暂存仓上横向排列的所述样本架对应的码齿条，所述码齿条侧端设有传感器。
  12. 　　一种样本分析设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求8-11所述的样本架传送装置。
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