WO2015143882A1 - 一体传动装置及应用该装置的搅拌桩机 - Google Patents

一体传动装置及应用该装置的搅拌桩机 Download PDF

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WO2015143882A1
WO2015143882A1 PCT/CN2014/091826 CN2014091826W WO2015143882A1 WO 2015143882 A1 WO2015143882 A1 WO 2015143882A1 CN 2014091826 W CN2014091826 W CN 2014091826W WO 2015143882 A1 WO2015143882 A1 WO 2015143882A1
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Prior art keywords
transmission gear
drill rod
shaft
transmission
inner drill
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PCT/CN2014/091826
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English (en)
French (fr)
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高伯明
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高伯明
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Publication of WO2015143882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015143882A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
    • E21B4/16—Plural down-hole drives, e.g. for combined percussion and rotary drilling; Drives for multi-bit drilling units

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of soft soil foundation processing machinery and equipment, in particular to an integrated transmission device and a two-way mixing pile machine using the integrated transmission device.
  • the two-way cement-soil mixing pile machine has been widely used in soft soil foundation reinforcement treatment.
  • the traditional mixing pile machine is connected to the reducer through a driving device, the reducer is connected to the mud joint through the coupling, and the mud joint is connected to the inner drill rod (for example, the utility model patent of patent number 201220581754.7).
  • the mixing pile machine of this type of connection often has a phenomenon of slurry leakage, and it is necessary to frequently change the mud joint.
  • the replacement of the mud joint of the mixing pile machine is quite complicated, and the coupling and the mud joint need to be disassembled, and the assembly is troublesome again.
  • the maintenance usually takes half a day to two days, and sometimes the maintenance time may be longer due to the condition limit.
  • the gears in the existing mixing pile machine equipment are all designed with straight teeth.
  • the gap between the gear and the gear is large, and the contact surface between the gear and the gear is small, resulting in easy toothing, high noise, and easy damage.
  • the motor and the speed reducer on the transmission device are connected to the transmission shaft through the coupling, so that the mixing pile machine has a high height and is inconvenient to transport.
  • the gearbox of the gearbox and the reducer cannot be filled with oil during transportation to prevent the oil from overflowing during transportation. But this There are great problems with sample transportation. Since the mixing pile machine is assembled by a professional operator in the equipment manufacturing plant, it is difficult for these professional assembly operators to follow the equipment into the construction site and reassemble the disassembled equipment.
  • the present invention provides an integrated transmission device capable of being used for a mixing pile machine, including a compact structure, convenient installation, low height, low swing, and low noise, including a speed reducer, and an input shaft capable of being powered
  • the mechanism is connected to receive power transmitted by the power mechanism.
  • a transmission gear box, the output shaft of the speed reducer extends into the transmission gear box, and is rotatably connected to the transmission gear box, and the output shaft in the transmission gear box is above
  • An upper transmission gear and a lower transmission gear are provided, the upper transmission gear having a larger diameter than the lower transmission gear.
  • An inner drill rod shaft is rotatably disposed in the transmission gear box, and the inner drill rod shaft is further provided with an inner drill rod gear that meshes with the upper transmission gear.
  • An outer drill rod rotating sleeve sleeved on the inner drill rod shaft, the outer drill rod rotating sleeve is provided with an outer drill rod transmission gear, and the outer drill rod transmission gear and the lower transmission gear are disposed between A reversing gear, the outer drill rod transmission gear and the lower transmission gear meshing with the reversing gear, respectively.
  • the mixing pile machine was the upper three gears, the lower two gears, and both of them needed to be driven by a coupling. This is because it is known that if the coupling is not provided, the motor will oscillate when it rotates, making the machine unstable and even causing damage to the equipment.
  • the present invention overcomes this conventional knowledge, and while the coupling is removed, the speed reducer and the gear box are fixed in the above manner, thereby avoiding the problem that the motor swings while rotating. And because the output shaft of the reducer is directly used as the transmission shaft, the existing transmission mechanism of the mixing pile machine is simplified.
  • the structure of the shaft connecting the output shaft of the reducer to the drive shaft eliminates the coupling, saves production costs, and reduces the height of the transmission, which is convenient for transportation and placement.
  • the reducer to the gearbox By fixing the reducer to the gearbox, the amplitude of the swing during operation is reduced, and the smoothness of the operation is improved.
  • the inner drill rod shaft rotates in the same direction as the output shaft, and the outer drill rod rotating sleeve rotates in opposite directions to the output shaft.
  • the edge of the lower end cover of the reducer is provided with a trapezoidal step having an upper width and a lower width, and the speed reducer is fixedly coupled to the transmission gear box through a trapezoidal step. It realizes the assembly of the speed reducer and the transmission gear box, so that the output shaft of the speed reducer can stably output torque.
  • the integral transmission further includes a first end cap and a first bearing disposed at an end of the output shaft, the first end cap fixing the first bearing to the In the transmission gearbox, the first bearing and the lower transmission gear are spaced apart by a first distance ring.
  • the gears are all helical gears.
  • the gears in the transmission gear box are all helical gears.
  • the helical gears can increase the contact surface of the gears, and can reduce the gap between the gears, reduce the noise, and it is not easy to be toothed, which improves the transmission efficiency.
  • the invention also provides a mixing pile machine, which adopts the above-mentioned integral transmission device, and a spray head is arranged on a side of the inner drill rod shaft extending out of the transmission gear box, the spray The slurry head is in internal communication with the inner drill rod shaft, and the inner drill rod shaft extends away from a side below the transmission gear box to be detachably provided with an inner drill rod shaft drill bit.
  • An outer drill rod is detachably disposed on a side of the outer drill rod rotating sleeve extending out of the transmission gear box, and the inner drill rod shaft bit rotates in opposite directions with the outer drill rod.
  • the mixing pile machine adopting the integrated transmission has the advantages of compact structure, convenient installation, low height, low swing and low noise, and it is not necessary to avoid the bridge and the tunnel from the vertical to the flat or the side when transporting.
  • This kind of mixing pile machine can be assembled and filled at the factory.
  • the wheel oil can be directly transported to the construction site for construction, avoiding various problems arising from the unprofessional assembly due to the installation at the construction site.
  • the equipment can be directly loaded and transported, eliminating the need for oil and oil refueling, saving manpower and reducing The pollution of the environment.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view showing the structure of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic left side view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the integrated transmission device of the mixing pile machine includes a power mechanism 1, a speed reducer 2 and a transmission gear box 3.
  • the first transmission gear set 7 and the second transmission gear set 8 are mounted in the transmission gear box 3.
  • the inner drill shaft 4 and the outer drill rod rotate the sleeve 5.
  • the power mechanism 1 uses a motor, and other power devices can also be used.
  • the main shaft of the power mechanism 1 is connected to the speed reducer 2.
  • the edge of the lower end cover 201 of the speed reducer 2 is provided with a trapezoidal step 202 of a wide width and a narrow width.
  • the trapezoidal step 202 is engaged at the opening of the transmission gear box 3, and the lower end cover 201 is fixedly connected to the transmission gear box 3 by a screw 46.
  • the output shaft 13 of the retarder 2 penetrates directly into the transmission gearbox 3 and is connected to the transmission gearbox 3 via bearings.
  • the output shaft 13 of the reducer 2 is disposed in parallel with the inner drill rod shaft 4, and the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5 is sleeved on the inner drill rod shaft 4.
  • the first transmission gear set 7 is located above the second transmission gear set 8.
  • the first transmission gear set 7 includes an upper transmission gear 71 and an inner drill rod gear 72.
  • the upper transmission gear 71 is sleeved on the upper end of the output shaft 13
  • the inner drill rod gear 72 is sleeved on the inner drill rod shaft 4, and the upper transmission gear 71 is meshed with the inner drill rod gear 72.
  • the second transmission gear set 8 includes a lower transmission gear 81, an outer drill rod transmission gear 82, and a reverse gear 83.
  • the lower transmission gear 81 is sleeved at the lower end of the output shaft 13, the outer drill rod transmission gear 82 is sleeved on the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5, and the lower transmission gear 81 and the outer drill rod transmission gear 82 are meshed by the reversing gear 83.
  • the diameter of the upper transmission gear 71 is larger than the diameter of the lower transmission gear 81.
  • the upper transmission gear 71 and the lower transmission gear 81 are respectively connected to the output shaft 13 by a flat key.
  • a first retaining pad 14 and a tightened first retaining nut 15 are disposed below the upper transmission gear 71 to prevent axial movement thereof, and are axially positioned, and the upper transmission gear 71 is positioned above the shoulder.
  • the end of the output shaft 13 is sleeved with a first bearing 16, for example using NU224E The type bearing, the first bearing 16 is mounted to the bottom of the transmission gear box 3.
  • the first end cover 17 is fixed to the transmission gear box 3 at a position corresponding to the first bearing 16 by bolts, and the outer ring of the first bearing 16 is axially fixed.
  • the lower transmission gear 81 is sleeved with a first spacer ring 18 spaced from the first bearing 16, and the lower transmission gear 81 is positioned above the shoulder.
  • the inner drill rod gear 72 is connected to the inner drill rod shaft 4 by a flat key, and the inner drill rod gear 72 is sleeved with a second bearing 19, for example, a type 23224C/W33 type bearing.
  • a second spacer ring 20 is sleeved under the second bearing 19 to be spaced from the inner drill rod gear 72.
  • the second bearing 19 is mounted to the transmission gear box 3, and the upper end surface of the second bearing 19 is axially positioned by the second retaining pad 21 and the second retaining nut 22.
  • the first TC oil seal 23 is sleeved over the second check nut 22, and the second end cover 24 is sleeved on the outer side of the first TC oil seal 23 and fixed to the transmission gear box 3 by bolts.
  • a third bearing 25 is sleeved under the inner drill rod gear 72, for example, a 23224C/W33 type bearing, and a third distance ring 26 is disposed under the inner drill rod gear 72 to be spaced apart from the third bearing 25, the third bearing Below the 25 is a set of two second TC oil seals 27.
  • the inner drill rod shaft 4 is press-fitted to the transmission gear box 3 through the first TC oil seal 23 and passed out from the upper portion of the transmission gear box 3, and communicates with a spray head 6.
  • the outer edge of the inner drill rod shaft 4 is concentrically sleeved with the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5, and the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5 and the inner drill rod shaft 4 are passed down together with the transmission gear box 3.
  • the upper end of the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5 is sleeved on the outer ring of the third bearing 25, and the outer side of the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5 is sequentially inserted into the fourth bearing 28 (for example, using a 23038 type bearing), the fourth distance ring 29, and the outer drill.
  • the rod transmission gear 82, the fifth distance ring 30, the fifth bearing 31 for example, a type 23036 bearing
  • two third TC oil seals 32 for example, a type 23036 bearing
  • the fourth distance ring 29 and the fifth distance ring 30 function as a fourth bearing 28, an outer drill rod transmission gear 82 and a fifth bearing 31.
  • the outer sides of the two third TC oil seals 32 have a third end.
  • the cover 33 and the third end cover 33 are fixed to the transmission gear case 3 by bolts, and the outer ring of the five bearings 31 is axially fixed.
  • the outer drill rod transmission gear 82 meshes with the left end of the reverse gear 83, and the right end of the reverse gear 83 meshes with the lower transmission gear 81.
  • the reverse gear 83 is fitted to the drive shaft 34.
  • a sixth bearing 35 is respectively mounted on both ends of the transmission shaft 34, for example, a 22217 type bearing, two sixth bearings 35 are mounted on the transmission gear box 3, and the lower sixth bearing 35 passes through the adjustment ring 36 and the fourth end cover. 37 intervals.
  • the height of the mixing pile machine adopting the above-mentioned integral transmission device of the invention is reduced by about 0.6 meters with respect to the height of the existing mixing pile machine by about 3.5 meters, and the structure is more compact and convenient for transportation. Due to the high speed of the existing mixing pile machine, it is easy to bypass the road because of the high height when crossing the bridge. If the mixing pile machine is placed horizontally in order to pass through the bridge hole, the gear oil cannot be added to the gear unit and the gear box before transportation to avoid the gear oil inside the gear box and the gear unit from overflowing outward. In this case, the pile driver is mostly at the construction site and then geared down and geared down. Add gear oil inside the machine.
  • the height of the mixing pile machine of the invention is about 2.8 meters, the pile machine can be transported upright and is not easy to be super high, and the machine can be added to the standard state when the machine leaves the factory, thereby avoiding the oil spilling out due to the falling of the pile driver. phenomenon.
  • the pile driver can be directly transported to the next construction site and can be directly constructed, which not only reduces the manual input, but also reduces the gear oil pair. Environmental pollution and waste.
  • the integrated transmission device of the mixing pile machine is used for the cement soil two-way mixing pile machine, and the outer drill rod connecting member 38 is installed at the end of the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5, and passes through the third retaining pad 39 and The third retaining nut 40 is axially fixed to the outer drill rod connector 38.
  • the outer drill rod 41 is bolted to the outer drill rod connector 38.
  • the bottom end of the inner drill rod shaft 4 is connected to the inner drill rod shaft bit 42 by a flat key, and the end of the inner drill rod shaft 4 is axially positioned to the inner drill rod shaft bit 42 through the fourth retaining pad 43 and the fourth retaining nut 44. .
  • a seventh bearing 45 (eg, using a 6224-2Z bearing) is mounted to the inner drill shaft 4 and between the inner drill shaft bit 42 and the third retaining nut 40.
  • the outer drill rod 41 and the inner drill rod shaft bit 42 can be disassembled for transportation and local maintenance.
  • the left inner inner drill rod 4, the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5, the inner drill rod transmission gear 72, the outer drill rod transmission gear 82, the bearing, etc. are assembled, and the reducer is assembled.
  • the output shaft 13 of 2 is sequentially assembled with the upper transmission gear 71 (the upper transmission gear 71 reaches the shoulder that prevents the gear from moving), the distance ring, and the retaining pad; the lower portion of the output shaft 13 is also assembled with the lower transmission gear 81 (lower portion).
  • the transmission gear 81 also reaches the shoulder that prevents the gear from moving, the spacer ring, the retaining pad, and the end of the output shaft 13 of the speed reducer 2 is mounted on the bearing, and then the driving device is combined with the reducer by the crane. 2.
  • the output shaft 13 of the speed reducer 2 is hung together, aligned with the opening of the transmission gear box 3 and inserted into the transmission gear box 3.
  • the end cap 17 is fixed to the transmission gear box 3 by a screw, and the entire installation step is substantially completed.
  • the diameter of the lower transmission gear 81 is significantly smaller than the diameter of the upper transmission gear 71, it can be ensured that the upper and lower transmission gears are fixed to the output shaft 13 of the speed reducer 2, the motor, the reducer 2 and its output shaft 13 and the upper and lower portions.
  • the transmission gear is directly integrated into the transmission gear box 3, so that the lower portion of the output shaft 13 of the reduction gear 2 is connected with the bearing fixed to the bottom of the transmission gear box 3, so that gear assembly from top to bottom can be realized during installation, which simplifies Installation steps and reduce the size of the overall unit.
  • the construction shall be carried out in strict accordance with the industrial standard of the People's Republic of China, “Technical Specifications for Construction Foundation Treatment” JGJ79-2002.
  • the power mechanism 1 is turned on to check the operation of the inner drill rod shaft 4 and the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5, and the inner drill rod shaft bit 42 and the outer drill rod 41 are oriented by the chain (or rope) on the pile driver tower.
  • the slurry pump is turned on after the soil is introduced, and the mud is conveyed to the inner drill shaft 4 through the slurry feed passage 401 by means of the spray head 6.
  • the power mechanism 1 is started, the speed reducer 2 starts to work, and the output shaft 13 of the speed reducer 2 drives the upper transmission gear 71 and the lower transmission gear 81 to rotate in the forward direction.
  • the upper transmission gear 71 drives the inner drill rod shaft 4 to rotate in the reverse direction through the inner drill rod gear 72.
  • the inner drill shaft bit 42 also rotates in the reverse direction.
  • the lower transmission gear 81 transmits power to the outer drill rod transmission gear 82 through the reversing gear 83. Due to the two commutations, the outer drill rod drive gear 82 remains positively rotating.
  • the outer drill rod transmission gear 82 drives the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5 to rotate in the forward direction, and the outer drill rod 41 connected to the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5 through the outer drill rod connecting member 38 also rotates in the forward direction. Therefore, it is ensured that the output shaft 13 of the speed reducer 2 rotates in the same direction as the inner drill rod shaft 4, and the inner drill rod shaft 4 and the outer drill rod rotary sleeve 5 rotate in opposite directions.
  • the inner drill rod shaft bit 42 and the blade on the outer drill rod 41 agitate the mud in opposite directions and in both directions until the design depth, close the slurry pump, and the inner drill rod shaft bit 42 and the outer drill rod 41 continue to rotate. Then, the inner drill rod shaft 4 and the outer drill rod rotating sleeve 5 are lifted upward by the chain (or rope) on the pile driver tower until the blades of the inner drill rod shaft bit 42 are 25 cm to 40 cm away from the ground, and the power mechanism 1 is closed. The rotation of the inner drill shaft bit 42 and the outer drill rod 41 is stopped. After the completion of the construction, the slurry pump should be turned on, and the spray head and the slurry pipe should be cleaned with clean water until the water flowing out has no cement slurry to prevent the cement slurry from adhering to the equipment.

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Abstract

一种用于搅拌桩机的一体传动装置，包括减速器（2）、传动齿轮箱（3）、内钻杆轴（4）和外钻杆转动套（5）。所述减速器的输出轴（13）延伸穿入所述传动齿轮箱内，所述输出轴上自上而下设置有上部传动齿轮（71）和下部传动齿轮（81），所述上部传动齿轮的直径大于所述下部传动齿轮。在所述内钻杆轴上套设的外钻杆转动套，所述内钻杆轴和所述外钻杆转动套上分别设置有与上部传动齿轮和下部传动齿轮啮合的齿轮，使所述内钻杆轴和所述外钻杆转动套反向转动。该一体传动装置降低了高度，便于运输和安放，且可以实现由上而下进行齿轮装配，简化了安装步骤，并且减少了箱体以及整体装配后的体积。

Description

一体传动装置及应用该装置的搅拌桩机 技术领域
本发明涉及软土地基处理机械设备领域，特别涉及一体传动装置及应用该一体传动装置的双向搅拌桩机。
背景技术
目前，双向水泥土搅拌桩机已经被广泛应用于软土地基加固处理。传统的搅拌桩机均采用驱动装置连接减速机、减速机通过联轴器与泥浆接头连接、泥浆接头再与内钻杆连接(例如专利号为201220581754.7的实用新型专利)。这种连接方式的搅拌桩机经常出现漏浆的现象，需要经常更换泥浆接头。这种搅拌桩机更换泥浆接头相当复杂，需要拆卸联轴器和泥浆接头，而且再次装配也比较麻烦，维修一次一般需要半天到二天的时间，有时可能会因为条件限制使维修时间更长。
本专利申请人于2013年11月18日提交的申请号为201320728684.8、发明名称为搅拌桩机传动装置的实用新型申请，针对上述缺陷进行了改良。不仅改变了原有搅拌桩机的传动原理，同时将喷浆头的位置做了调整，解决了喷浆头漏浆和维修复杂的问题。但是这种改良后的方案还存在着如下技术问题：其设备在加工安装时因为中间设有挡板，导致齿轮箱里设置在上面的三个齿轮小、设置在下面的两个齿轮大。因此，在装配齿轮时需要先把箱体翻过来，先安装下面的两个大齿轮，然后再将箱体翻回正位来安装上面的三个小齿轮，反复两次才能完成安装。这种安装方式很不方便，而且需要多人共同协作完成。有时在将箱体翻过来后，其内部的齿轮或轴承可能会出现错位现象，需要重复前述安装动作，导致装配复杂、速度慢。
此外，目前现有搅拌桩机设备中的齿轮均是采用直齿设计。采用这种常规设计的齿轮，齿轮与齿轮之间的间隙大，齿轮与齿轮之间的接触面小，导致容易打齿，噪音大、易损坏。
现有的搅拌桩机安装到桩机架上时，由于其传动装置上的电机、减速器通过联轴器连接传动轴，使得搅拌桩机高度较高，不方便运输。正常情况下是需要将电机、减速机与机架分离，这样可以减轻设备的重量，方便将设备横向放倒进行装卸。而且运输过程中齿轮箱和减速器的齿轮箱内都不能注油，防止在运输的过程中油向外溢出。但是这 样运输存在极大的问题。由于在设备生产厂内，搅拌桩机是由专业的操作人员进行装配，而这些专业的装配操作人员又很难跟随设备进入工地，对已拆分的设备进行再次装配。这样就会因为工地的条件而经常出现问题。例如，有时可能会因为将螺帽或螺杆等硬物掉进齿轮箱里面，当机器启动时就会出现打齿现象。这时就需要重新返厂维修更换新的设备，很容易造成工程延期，并且增加设备制造和使用时的维护成本。同时，减速器的输出轴通过联轴器连接齿轮箱的传动轴，会使联轴器连接处出现缝隙，造成搅拌桩机摆动严重，噪音较大，影响了搅拌桩机运行的平稳性。
当一个项目施工完成再将设备转移至另一施工现场时，需要将设备齿轮箱内的油全部放出，以方便将设备横向放倒运输而不向外溢油，当设备运达下一施工现场再将齿轮油加入到齿轮箱内，方可进行施工。在放油和加油的过程中会经常将油流到土地上，造成了对环境的污染和油脂的浪费。
发明内容
鉴于现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种结构紧凑、安装方便、高度低、摆动及噪音小的能够用于搅拌桩机的一体传动装置，包括减速器，其输入轴能够与动力机构连接以接收动力机构传递的动力。传动齿轮箱，所述减速器的输出轴延伸穿入所述传动齿轮箱内，并可转动的连接于所述传动齿轮箱上，位于所述传动齿轮箱内的所述输出轴上自上而下设置有上部传动齿轮和下部传动齿轮，所述上部传动齿轮的直径大于所述下部传动齿轮。内钻杆轴，可转动地设置于所述传动齿轮箱中，所述内钻杆轴上还设置有与所述上部传动齿轮啮合的内钻杆齿轮。在所述内钻杆轴上套设的外钻杆转动套，所述外钻杆转动套上设置有外钻杆传动齿轮，所述外钻杆传动齿轮与所述下部传动齿轮之间设置有换向齿轮，所述外钻杆传动齿轮和所述下部传动齿轮分别与所述换向齿轮啮合。
以往的搅拌桩机均是上面三个齿轮，下面两个齿轮，而且均需要采用联轴器来传动。这是因为公知的是如果不设置联轴器，电机在转动时会摆动，使机器运转不稳定，甚至造成设备的损坏。而本发明克服了这一常规的认知，把联轴器去掉的同时，又把减速器与齿轮箱按上述方式固定，可避免电机在转动时摆动的问题。并且由于将减速器的输出轴直接作为传动轴，从而简化了现有搅拌桩机传动装置采用联 轴器将减速器的输出轴与传动轴连接的结构，省去了联轴器，节约了生产成本，而且降低了传动装置高度，便于运输和安放。通过将减速器固定在齿轮箱上，减小了运行时的摆动幅度，提高了运行的平稳性。
在传动齿轮箱内部，上面设置两个大齿轮，下面设置三个小齿轮，由于下部传动齿轮直径较小，可以确保上、下部传动齿轮固定于减速器的输出轴后，动力机构、减速器及其输出轴和上、下部传动齿轮直接整体装入传动齿轮箱内，并可以使下部传动齿轮避开换向齿轮及换向齿轮定位部件(如隔板或定位钢条)的阻碍，使减速器的输出轴下端与固定于传动齿轮箱底部的轴承连接，而上部传动齿轮直径较大，可以与位于内钻杆轴上的内钻杆齿轮进行啮合，这样在安装时就可以实现由上而下进行齿轮装配，简化了安装步骤，减少了箱体以及整体装配后的体积。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述内钻杆轴与所述输出轴同向转动，所述外钻杆转动套与所述输出轴反向转动。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述减速器的下端盖的边缘设有上宽下窄的梯形台阶，所述减速器通过梯形台阶与所述传动齿轮箱固定连接。其实现了减速器与传动齿轮箱的装配，使得减速器的输出轴能够稳定地输出转矩。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述的一体传动装置还包括第一端盖和设置于所述输出轴末端的第一轴承，所述第一端盖将所述第一轴承固定在所述传动齿轮箱内，所述第一轴承与所述下部传动齿轮被第一定距环间隔。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，所述齿轮均为斜齿轮。传动齿轮箱内的齿轮均采用斜齿轮，斜齿可加大齿轮的接触面，并且可以减小齿轮之间的缝隙，降低噪音，而且不容易打齿，提高了传动效率。
本发明还提供了一种搅拌桩机，所述搅拌桩机采用了上述一体传动装置，所述内钻杆轴延伸穿出所述传动齿轮箱上方的一侧设置有喷浆头，所述喷浆头与所述内钻杆轴内部连通，所述内钻杆轴延伸穿出所述传动齿轮箱下方的一侧可拆卸地设置有内钻杆轴钻头。所述外钻杆转动套延伸穿出所述传动齿轮箱下方的一侧可拆卸地设置有外钻杆，所述内钻杆轴钻头与所述外钻杆反向转动。
采用这种一体传动装置的搅拌桩机具有结构紧凑、安装方便、高度低、摆动及噪音小等优点，不必在运输时为躲避桥梁和隧道由立置改为平置或侧置。这种搅拌桩机完全可以在出厂时就装配好并注好齿 轮油，直接运送到工地就可以施工，避免了因为到达施工现场再安装，又因装配不专业而出现的各种问题。当一个项目施工完成再转移至下一施工现场时，也无需将齿轮油放出，可直接将设备直立装车进行运送，省去了以往放油、加油的过程，节约了人力，同时也减小了对环境的污染。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种实施方式的主视结构示意图；
图2为本发明的一种实施方式的左视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
如图1、2所示，该搅拌桩机一体传动装置包括动力机构1、减速器2和传动齿轮箱3，传动齿轮箱3内安装有第一传动齿轮组7、第二传动齿轮组8、内钻杆轴4和外钻杆转动套5。
动力机构1采用电机，也可以采用其他动力装置。动力机构1的主轴连接减速器2。减速器2的下端盖201的边缘设有上宽下窄的梯形台阶202，梯形台阶202卡设于传动齿轮箱3的开口处，下端盖201与传动齿轮箱3通过螺杆46固定连接。减速器2的输出轴13直接穿入传动齿轮箱3内并通过轴承与传动齿轮箱3连接。减速器2的输出轴13与内钻杆轴4平行设置，外钻杆转动套5套于内钻杆轴4。第一传动齿轮组7位于第二传动齿轮组8的上方。第一传动齿轮组7包括上部传动齿轮71和内钻杆齿轮72。上部传动齿轮71套设于输出轴13的上端，内钻杆齿轮72套设于内钻杆轴4，上部传动齿轮71与内钻杆齿轮72啮合。第二传动齿轮组8包括下部传动齿轮81、外钻杆传动齿轮82和换向齿轮83。下部传动齿轮81套设于输出轴13的下端，所述外钻杆传动齿轮82套设于外钻杆转动套5，下部传动齿轮81与外钻杆传动齿轮82通过换向齿轮83啮合。上部传动齿轮71的直径大于下部传动齿轮81的直径。
上部传动齿轮71、下部传动齿轮81分别与输出轴13通过平键连接。上部传动齿轮71的下方设置有第一止退垫14和旋紧的第一止退螺母15，防止其轴向移动，对其进行轴向定位，上部传动齿轮71的上方通过轴肩定位。输出轴13的末端套有第一轴承16，例如采用NU224E 型轴承，第一轴承16安装于传动齿轮箱3的底部。第一端盖17通过螺栓固定于传动齿轮箱3上与第一轴承16相应的位置，并使第一轴承16的外圈轴向固定。下部传动齿轮81的下方套有第一定距环18，使其与第一轴承16间隔，下部传动齿轮81上方通过轴肩定位。
内钻杆齿轮72与内钻杆轴4通过平键连接，内钻杆齿轮72的上方套有第二轴承19，例如采用23224C/W33型轴承。第二轴承19的下方套有第二定距环20，使其与内钻杆齿轮72间隔。第二轴承19安装于传动齿轮箱3，第二轴承19的上端面通过第二止退垫21和第二止退螺母22进行轴向定位。第二止退螺母22的上方套有第一TC油封23，第二端盖24套于第一TC油封23的外侧，并通过螺栓固定于传动齿轮箱3。内钻杆齿轮72的下方套有第三轴承25，例如采用23224C/W33型轴承，内钻杆齿轮72的下方套有第三定距环26，使其与第三轴承25间隔，第三轴承25的下方套有两个第二TC油封27。内钻杆轴4通过第一TC油封23压紧固定于传动齿轮箱3并从传动齿轮箱3上部穿出，并与一喷浆头6连通。
内钻杆轴4外缘同心套设外钻杆转动套5，外钻杆转动套5与内钻杆轴4共同向下穿出传动齿轮箱3。外钻杆转动套5的上端套于第三轴承25的外圈，外钻杆转动套5的外侧依次套入第四轴承28(例如采用23038型轴承)、第四定距环29、外钻杆传动齿轮82、第五定距环30、第五轴承31(例如采用23036型轴承)、两个第三TC油封32。其中第四定距环29、第五定距环30起到间隔第四轴承28、外钻杆传动齿轮82及第五轴承31的作用，两个第三TC油封32的外侧套有第三端盖33，第三端盖33通过螺栓固定于传动齿轮箱3，并将五轴承31的外圈轴向固定。外钻杆传动齿轮82与换向齿轮83的左端啮合，换向齿轮83的右端与下部传动齿轮81啮合。换向齿轮83套装于传动轴34。传动轴34的两端分别安装有第六轴承35，例如采用22217型轴承，两个第六轴承35均安装于传动齿轮箱3，下部第六轴承35的下方通过调整环36与第四端盖37间隔。
本发明的采用上述一体传动装置的搅拌桩机高度相对于现有搅拌桩机3.5米左右的高度降低了0.6米左右，其结构更为紧凑，方便运输。由于现有的搅拌桩机较高，在过桥洞时很容易因为超高而绕路。如果为了顺利通过桥洞而将搅拌桩机横放，那么在运输之前不能将齿轮油加入到减速器和齿轮箱中，以避免齿轮箱和减速器里面的齿轮油向外溢出。这种情况下，搅拌桩机大多是到了工地再向齿轮箱和减速 器里面加齿轮油。本发明的搅拌桩机高度在2.8米左右，桩机可直立运输且不易超高，机器在出厂时即可将油加到标准状态，避免了因将桩机放倒运输而向外溢油的现象。当一施工项目完成转移至下一施工现场时，也无需将齿轮油放出，可直接将桩机直立运送到下一施工现场并可直接进行施工，不仅减少了人工投入，也减少了齿轮油对环境的污染和浪费。
如图1、2所示，该搅拌桩机一体传动装置用于水泥土双向搅拌桩机，外钻杆转动套5的末端安装有外钻杆连接件38，并通过第三止退垫39和第三止退螺母40对外钻杆连接件38轴向固定。外钻杆41通过螺栓固定于外钻杆连接件38。内钻杆轴4的底端通过平键连接内钻杆轴钻头42，内钻杆轴4的末端通过第四止退垫43、第四止退螺母44对内钻杆轴钻头42轴向定位。第七轴承45(例如采用6224-2Z轴承)安装于内钻杆轴4，并位于内钻杆轴钻头42与第三止退螺母40之间。运输桩机时，可以将外钻杆41和内钻杆轴钻头42拆卸下来，便于运输，也便于局部维修。
本搅拌桩机一体传动装置在装配时，先将左侧内钻杆4、外钻杆转动套5、内钻杆传动齿轮72、外钻杆传动齿轮82、轴承等装配好后，将减速器2的输出轴13依次装配好上部传动齿轮71(上部传动齿轮71到达防止齿轮移动的轴肩)、定距环、止退垫；输出轴13的下部分也依次装配好下部传动齿轮81(下部传动齿轮81也同样到达防止齿轮移动的轴肩)、定距环、止退垫，再将减速器2的输出轴13的端部安装好轴承，然后将其用吊机将驱动装置连同减速器2、减速器2的输出轴13一同吊起来，对准传动齿轮箱3的开口并插入传动齿轮箱3。同时要确保下部分传动齿轮81与换向齿轮83啮合，换向齿轮83与外转杆传动齿轮82啮合，上部传动齿轮71与内钻杆传动齿轮72相啮合。最后将端盖17通过螺杆固定于传动齿轮箱3上，整个安装步骤基本完成。
由于下部传动齿轮81的直径较上部传动齿轮71的直径明显偏小，可以确保上、下部传动齿轮固定于减速器2的输出轴13后，电机、减速器2及其输出轴13和上、下部传动齿轮直接整体装入传动齿轮箱3内，使减速器2的输出轴13下部与固定于传动齿轮箱3底部的轴承连接，这样在安装时就可以实现由上而下进行齿轮装配，简化了安装步骤，并减少了整体装置的体积。
实际施工使用时，严格按照中华人民共和国行业标准《建筑地基处理技术规范》JGJ79-2002进行施工。首先将搅拌桩机固定在桩机塔 架上并测试，开启动力机构1检查内钻杆轴4、外钻杆转动套5运行情况，通过桩机塔架上的链条(或绳索)使内钻杆轴钻头42、外钻杆41向下加压，入土以后开启送浆泵，借助喷浆头6通过进浆通道401往内钻杆轴4输送泥浆。
启动动力机构1，减速器2开始工作，减速器2的输出轴13带动上部传动齿轮71以及下部传动齿轮81正向转动。上部传动齿轮71通过内钻杆齿轮72带动内钻杆轴4反向转动。此时，内钻杆轴钻头42也会反向旋转。下部传动齿轮81通过换向齿轮83将动力传递至外钻杆传动齿轮82。由于进行了两次换向，所以外钻杆传动齿轮82仍然保持正向转动。外钻杆传动齿轮82带动外钻杆转动套5正向转动，通过外钻杆连接件38与外钻杆转动套5连接的外钻杆41也会正向转动。因此保证了减速器2的的输出轴13与内钻杆轴4双轴同向转动，并且内钻杆轴4与外钻杆转动套5反向转动。
同时，内钻杆轴钻头42、外钻杆41上的叶片对泥浆进行反、正两个方向的搅拌，直至设计深度，关闭送浆泵，内钻杆轴钻头42、外钻杆41继续转动，然后通过桩机塔架上的链条(或绳索)将内钻杆轴4、外钻杆转动套5向上提升，直至内钻杆轴钻头42的叶片离开地面25cm至40cm，关闭动力机构1，停止内钻杆轴钻头42和外钻杆41的转动。施工结束后要开启送浆泵，用清水将喷浆头和输浆管清洗干净，直至流出的水无水泥浆液，防止水泥浆粘附于设备上。
以上所述的仅是本发明的一些实施方式。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 一体传动装置，其特征在于，包括：
    减速器(2)，其输入轴能够与动力机构(1)连接以接收动力机构(1)传递的动力；
    传动齿轮箱(3)，所述减速器(2)的输出轴(13)延伸穿入所述传动齿轮箱(3)内，并可转动的连接于所述传动齿轮箱(3)上，位于所述传动齿轮箱(3)内的所述输出轴(13)上自上而下设置有上部传动齿轮(71)和下部传动齿轮(81)，所述上部传动齿轮(71)的直径大于所述下部传动齿轮(81)；
    内钻杆轴(4)，可转动地设置于所述传动齿轮箱(3)中，所述内钻杆轴(4)上还设置有与所述上部传动齿轮(71)啮合的内钻杆齿轮(72)；
    在所述内钻杆轴(4)上套设的外钻杆转动套(5)，所述外钻杆转动套(5)上设置有外钻杆传动齿轮(82)，所述外钻杆传动齿轮(82)与所述下部传动齿轮(81)之间设置有换向齿轮(83)，所述外钻杆传动齿轮(82)和所述下部传动齿轮(81)分别与所述换向齿轮(83)啮合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一体传动装置，其特征在于：所述内钻杆轴(4)与所述输出轴(13)同向转动，所述外钻杆转动套(5)与所述输出轴(13)反向转动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一体传动装置，其特征在于，所述减速器(2)的下端盖(201)的边缘设有上宽下窄的梯形台阶(202)，所述减速器(2)通过梯形台阶(202)与所述传动齿轮箱(3)固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一体传动装置，其特征在于，还包括第一端盖(17)和设置于所述输出轴(13)末端的第一轴承(16)，所述第一端盖(17)将所述第一轴承(16)固定在所述传动齿轮箱(3)内，所述第一轴承(16)与所述下部传动齿轮(81)被第一定距环(18)间隔。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一体传动装置，其特征在于，所述上部传动齿轮(71)、所述下部传动齿轮(81)、所述内钻杆齿轮(72)、所述外钻杆传动齿轮(82)以及所述换向齿轮(83)均为斜齿轮。
  6. 搅拌桩机，包括如权利要求1-5任一项所述的一体传动装置，其特征在于，所述内钻杆轴(4)延伸穿出所述传动齿轮箱(3)上方的一侧设置有喷浆头(6)，所述喷浆头(6)与所述内钻杆轴(4)内部连通，所述内钻杆轴(4)延伸穿出所述传动齿轮箱(3)下方的一侧可拆卸地设置有内钻杆轴钻头(42)；所述外钻杆转动套(5)延伸穿出所述传动齿轮箱(3)下方的一侧可拆卸地设置有外钻杆(41)，所述内钻杆轴钻头(42)与所述外钻杆(41)反向转动。
PCT/CN2014/091826 2014-03-26 2014-11-21 一体传动装置及应用该装置的搅拌桩机 WO2015143882A1 (zh)

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