WO2015131778A1 - 冰箱 - Google Patents
冰箱 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015131778A1 WO2015131778A1 PCT/CN2015/073379 CN2015073379W WO2015131778A1 WO 2015131778 A1 WO2015131778 A1 WO 2015131778A1 CN 2015073379 W CN2015073379 W CN 2015073379W WO 2015131778 A1 WO2015131778 A1 WO 2015131778A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- door
- motor
- opening
- winding rotor
- refrigerator
- Prior art date
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
- F25D25/02—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by shelves
- F25D25/024—Slidable shelves
- F25D25/025—Drawers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigerator including an opening and closing device for automatically opening and closing a drawer type door.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei 02-146487, page 2-3, FIG. 1).
- Device The refrigerator disclosed in this document includes a rack fixed to a lower surface of the drawer container, a gear (pinion gear) that meshes with the rack, and a drive motor for driving the gear. And, the gear is rotated by the drive motor, and the power of the drive motor is transmitted from the gear to the rack, thereby moving the drawer type container fixed to the rack.
- a refrigerator which opens and closes a drawer type door of a refrigerator by a ball screw mechanism is disclosed in the patent document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2008-8550, page 4-5, FIG. 1). That is, the refrigerator described in this document includes a threaded shaft that is coupled to the motor and extends in the moving direction of the door, and a movable nut that is threadedly engaged with the threaded shaft. The movable nut is coupled to the movable rail of the vegetable compartment door via the joint plate. Thereby, the door can be opened and closed by driving the motor.
- Patent Document 1 when a rack gear transmission mechanism is utilized, in order to secure a long automatic door opening and closing stroke, it is necessary to arrange a pinion gear at the front portion of the refrigerator.
- the drive motor or the like is also disposed at the front of the refrigerator, thereby reducing the storage volume at the front of the storage compartment.
- a power transmission mechanism such as a belt may be provided, and the drive motor may be disposed in a non-working area at the rear of the storage compartment.
- the power transmission mechanism is also complicated, and there is a problem that the productivity is lowered due to the increase in the number of components, or the production cost is large.
- the motor may be disposed at the rear of the storage compartment, and the motor output shaft may be connected to the threaded shaft in a substantially vertical manner by a bevel gear or a crown gear or the like.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerator capable of automatically opening and closing a door with high speed, high precision, and low noise, thereby reducing the burden on the user while utilizing a compact opening and closing device. It can ensure that the refrigerator has a large storage volume.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerator which is safe and convenient, and which has both functions of automatically opening and closing the door and manually opening and closing the door, and when the door is in contact with the body or the like, Stop the door.
- the refrigerator of the present invention includes: a drawer type door, an opening and closing device for opening and closing the door, and a control device for controlling the opening and closing device, wherein the opening and closing device includes: at least one pulley that is set Rotating separately; a lead wire is mounted on the pulley, and at least a portion thereof forms a straight portion extending along a moving direction of the door; a clamp is fixed on the straight portion to make the lead wire and the door Removably engaged; a rotatable winding rotor, wherein both ends of the lead are respectively fixed on the winding rotor and wound in opposite directions of rotation; and a motor that can rotate in the forward and reverse directions, and The winding rotors are coupled to rotate the winding rotor.
- the opening and closing device includes: at least one pulley that is set Rotating separately; a lead wire is mounted on the pulley, and at least a portion thereof forms a straight portion extending along a moving direction of the door; a clamp is fixed on the straight portion
- the opening and closing device can transmit the power of the motor to the door through the lead wire that is mounted on the pulley. Therefore, the refrigerator door can be automatically opened and closed quickly and with low noise, and the burden on the user when opening and closing the door can be reduced.
- the opening and closing device of the present invention utilizes a lead to transmit the power of the door opening and closing, the design and The degree of freedom in configuring the power transmission mechanism is high. Therefore, it is possible to ensure a long automatic opening and closing stroke, and it is possible to ensure that the refrigerator has a large storage volume by compactly arranging the opening and closing device in the non-working area of the refrigerator.
- the jig having the lead wire and the door detachably joined to each other is provided, the door can be easily removed. As a result, the cleaning and maintenance work of the equipment becomes easy. In addition, since the door can be easily mounted, the productivity is also improved.
- both end portions of the lead wire are respectively fixed to the winding rotor and wound around the winding rotor in directions opposite to each other.
- a pair of straight portions of the lead wires extending in the moving direction of the door and a jig fixed to the straight portion may be provided on the right and left sides of the door.
- a clutch may be provided for connecting the motor and winding the rotor in a connectable and disconnectable manner, and when the drive motor is stopped, the clutch is opened, thereby separating the motor from the winding rotor. Thereby, the operation of manually opening and closing the door is facilitated.
- a position detecting mechanism for detecting the position of the jig may be provided, and the driving of the motor may be controlled based on the position information detected by the position detecting means.
- the position of the door can be controlled with high precision.
- the speed of door opening and closing can be increased by a high-precision position control operation.
- an electric load detecting means for detecting the electric load of the motor, and determining the overload of the motor based on the electric load information of the electric motor detected by the electric load detecting means to stop the driving of the motor may be provided. Thereby, when the door contacts the body or the like, the door can be safely stopped.
- an integrally formed bracket may be provided, and structural members such as a pulley, a winding rotor, and a motor may be attached to the bracket.
- structural members such as a pulley, a winding rotor, and a motor
- the highly rigid bracket can support the respective members of the opening and closing device, it is possible to suppress the displacement of the respective members and the resulting looseness of the lead wires, and the like, and it is possible to efficiently transmit the power for opening and closing the door.
- the opening and closing operation of the door can be performed at high speed and with high precision.
- the mounting of the opening and closing device becomes easy, the assembly productivity of the refrigerator is improved.
- FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a refrigerator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a lower freezer compartment door of the refrigerator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the inside of a lower layer freezer of the refrigerator in the embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing an vicinity of a jig of the refrigerator of the embodiment of the invention (an enlarged view of a portion B of Fig. 3).
- Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an opening and closing device of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a lead path of a refrigerator in which an embodiment of the present invention is developed.
- Fig. 7 is a plan view showing a state of a clutch of a refrigerator drive unit according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (A) shows a disconnected state of the clutch, (B) shows a connected state of the clutch, and (C) shows a state of movement of the wound rotor.
- Fig. 8 is a control block diagram of a door opening and closing control of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a graph showing the door opening and closing speed of the refrigerator in the embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 10 is a graph showing the motor load of the refrigerator in the embodiment of the present invention.
- 51-switch, 54-position sensor, 55-load sensor 51-switch, 54-position sensor, 55-load sensor.
- Fig. 1 is a front elevational view showing a schematic configuration of a refrigerator 1 of the embodiment.
- the refrigerator 1 has a heat insulating box 2 as a main body, and a storage chamber for storing foods and the like is formed inside the heat insulating box 2.
- the inside of the storage compartment is divided into a plurality of storage compartments 3 to 7 in accordance with the storage temperature and use.
- the uppermost layer is the refrigerating compartment 3, the lower left side of which is the ice making compartment 4, the lower layer is the upper freezing compartment 5, the lower layer is the lower freezing compartment 6, and the lowermost layer is the vegetable compartment 7.
- the front surface of the heat insulating box 2 is open to the outside, and the openable and closable doors 8 to 12 are provided in the opening portions corresponding to the respective storage chambers 3 to 7. Since the door 8 is for closing the front surface of the refrigerating compartment 3, the upper right and lower sides of the door 8 are supported by the heat insulating box 2 and are rotatable.
- the doors 9 to 12 are drawer type doors. The doors 9 to 10 are respectively supported by the heat insulating box 2 and can be pulled out toward the front of the refrigerator 1.
- the heat insulation box 2 is composed of an outer box, an inner box and a heat insulating material, wherein the outer box is made of steel plate; the inner box is made of synthetic resin and has a certain gap with the inner side of the outer box; Made of a foamed polyurethane which is filled in a gap between the outer box and the inner box by a foaming process.
- Each of the doors 8 to 12 has the same heat insulating structure as the heat insulating box 2.
- the refrigerator 1 has, for example, a vapor compression refrigeration cycle in which isobutane (R600a) or the like is used as a coolant.
- the air cooled by the cooler of the refrigeration cycle is forcibly circulated in each of the storage chambers 3 to 7, and the food or the like stored in each of the storage chambers 3 to 7 is cooled.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view when the door 11 of the lower freezing compartment 6 is viewed from the right rear side of the refrigerator 1.
- the storage container 13 for storing foods and the like is detachably attached to the door 11. Further, in a state in which the door 11 and the storage container 13 are integrally combined, the door 11 can be pulled out from the heat insulating box 2 (see FIG. 1) of the refrigerator 1, and the door 11 can be removed from the heat insulating box 2.
- a pair of side frames 14 are attached to the right and left sides of the refrigerator (the back side) of the drawer door 11 , and the pair of side frames 14 extend in the drawing direction of the door 11 .
- the side frame 14 is formed, for example, by a method of pressing a steel plate, and the side frame 14 has a function of moving the rail, and the door 11 is supported by the heat insulating box 2 of the refrigerator 1 in a pullable manner. Further, the side frame 14 has a function of integrally supporting the storage container 13 with the door 11.
- a guide roller 16 is attached to the vicinity of the end portion on the back side of the side frame 14, and the guide roller 16 is rotatable.
- the guide roller 16 is attached to a fixed rail 17 (see FIG. 3) to be described later, and the fixed rail 17 guides the door 11 to move together with the side frame 14, thereby supporting the door 11 that can be opened and closed.
- the side frames 14 disposed on the left and right sides are connected to each other in the vicinity of the end portion on the back side by the rear frame 15.
- the rear frame 15 is a strength member for improving the rigidity of the side frame 14, and the rear frame 15 is formed by, for example, bending a steel bar.
- FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the inside of the lower freezing compartment 6 as seen from the left front side of the refrigerator 1, showing a state in which the door 11 is pulled out.
- the cut surface in Fig. 3 is a cross section taken along line A-A shown in Fig. 1.
- illustration of the storage container 13 (refer FIG. 2) is abbreviate
- a fixed rail 17 is provided on the inner side surface of the lower freezing compartment 6, and the fixed rail 17 extends in the moving direction of the door 11, that is, in the front-rear direction. Further, a guide roller 18 is provided at the front portion of the fixed rail 17.
- the aforementioned guide roller 16 (refer to FIG. 2) provided on the door 11 is relatively moved along the fixed rail 17, and the guide roller 18 moves relatively along the side frames 14. Thereby, the movement of the door 11 can be guided, and the door 11 can be moved in the front-back direction of the refrigerator 1.
- the movable rail can be clamped between the side frame 14 and the fixed rail 17.
- An opening and closing device 20 for opening and closing the door 11 is provided inside the lower freezing compartment 6.
- the opening and closing device 20 has a drive unit 21 as a drive source for opening and closing the door 11, and a lead wire 25 for transmitting power from the drive unit 21.
- a part of the lead 25 forms a straight portion 25a extending in the moving direction of the door 11, and a clamp 26 for fixing the lead 25 to the door 11 is detachably attached to the straight portion 25a.
- the lead 25 is moved in the axial direction, and the jig 26 fixed to the straight portion 25a is moved together with the lead 25 in the front-rear direction of the refrigerator 1. . Thereby, the door 11 connected to the jig 26 can be opened and closed.
- the opening and closing device 20 has a position sensor 54 as a position detecting mechanism for detecting the position of the jig 26.
- the position sensor 54 is disposed at a plurality of positions along the moving direction of the jig 26.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of the jig 26 of the refrigerator 1, and shows a detailed configuration of the portion B in FIG. 3.
- the jig 26 has a jig base 45, a joint piece 46, and a spring 47.
- the jig base 45 is fixed to the straight portion 25a of the lead 25, and the jig base 45 is supported by the guide rail 48 extending in the moving direction of the door 11, and is linearly movable.
- the guide rail 48 is, for example, a linear guide or the like using a needle roller (roller). Thereby, the jig base 45 moves in the front-rear direction of the refrigerator 1 in accordance with the operation of the lead wires 25.
- the engaging piece 46 is a member that is detachably engaged with the rear frame 15 of the door 11.
- the upper portion of the engaging piece 46 is formed with a joint portion 46a which is a substantially U-shaped slit that opens upward, and the rear frame 15 is joined to the joint portion 46a.
- the engaging piece 46 is attached to the jig base 45 and movably supported in the up and down direction. Further, the engaging piece 46 is biased from the lower side by the spring 47, which is normally positioned at the upper limit position in the moving range. In other words, the engagement piece 46 is provided so as to be moved downward by pressing the engagement piece 46 from above, and the pressing of the engagement piece 46 is released to return to the predetermined position (upper limit position).
- the engaging piece 46 of the jig 26 By providing the engaging piece 46 of the jig 26 so as to be movable in the vertical direction as described above, the attachment and detachment of the door 11 can be facilitated. That is, when the door 11 is attached or detached, since the rear frame 15 comes into contact with the upper portion of the engaging piece 46, the engaging piece 46 moves downward, thereby allowing the rear frame 15 to pass (in and out in the direction of the engaging portion 46a).
- the door 11 can be easily attached and detached, the cleaning operation and the maintenance work of the device can be easily performed. In addition, since the door 11 can be easily mounted, the productivity is improved.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view when the opening and closing device 20 is viewed from the left front side of the refrigerator 1. As shown in Fig. 5, the opening and closing device 20 is integrally assembled with a bracket 40 having a substantially Japanese katakana " ⁇ " shape in plan view.
- the bracket 40 is formed by, for example, bending a steel sheet, and has a back surface portion 40b and a pair of side surface portions 40a on the left and right sides, wherein the back portion is a bracket 40 having a substantially Japanese katakana " ⁇ " shape in cross section.
- 40b extends in the left-right direction of the refrigerator 1 along the back surface of the lower freezing compartment 6 (refer to FIG. 3); in the bracket 40 which has a substantially Japanese katakana " ⁇ " shape in cross section, the pair of side parts 40a of the left and right sides are from the back part.
- the left and right ends of 40b are continuously formed and extend in the front-rear direction of the refrigerator 1.
- a plurality of pulleys 30 to 39 are rotatably mounted at predetermined positions. Further, the lead wires 25 are placed on the pulleys 30 to 39. As described above, the lead wires 25 form a straight portion 25a extending in the moving direction of the door 11 (see FIG. 3). The straight portion 25a and the jig 26 fixed to the straight portion 25a are provided in a pair on the left and right sides along the side surface portion 40a of the bracket 40.
- the door 11 By providing the pair of straight portions 25a and the jigs 26 on the right and left sides of the refrigerator 1, the door 11 can be pushed from the left and right sides, so that the deformation and the inclination of the door 11 can be suppressed, and the opening and closing power can be efficiently transmitted. . As a result, the opening and closing operation of the door can be performed at high speed and smoothly.
- a drive unit 21 as a drive source for the opening and closing door 11 is disposed on the back surface portion 40b of the bracket 40.
- the lead wire 25 is used as the power transmission mechanism, the degree of freedom in layout design of the drive member and the power transmission member is high. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5 (and FIG. 3), the drive unit 21 can be disposed in the non-working area at the lower portion of the back surface of the lower freezing compartment 6. Thereby, it is possible to ensure that the door 11 has a long automatic opening and closing stroke, and it is also possible to ensure that the refrigerator 1 has a large storage volume.
- the opening and closing device 20 can be easily assembled.
- the work on the refrigerator 1 improves the productivity.
- the highly rigid bracket 40 can support the respective members, and the components caused by the tension of the leads 25 can be suppressed. Displacement. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of the lead 25 when the door 11 is opened and closed. It is relaxed and the like, and the tension can be stabilized, so that the power can be efficiently transmitted. As a result, the door 11 can be opened and closed at high speed and with high precision.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the path of the lead 25 in an expanded manner.
- the opening and closing device 20 constitutes a power transmission mechanism by arranging one lead 25 on the pulleys 30 to 39.
- the lead 25 can be, for example, a stainless steel lead or the like. Further, the stainless steel lead 25 may be immersed in a lubricant or the like, and a coating of a synthetic resin material may be applied to the outer circumference of the lead 25. Thereby, it is possible to achieve low noise and low friction, and it is possible to reduce the generated abrasion powder and the like, and to transmit power efficiently and cleanly.
- the lead wire 25 is wound around the winding rotor 23 in the vicinity of one of the end portions 25c, and the end portion 25c is fixed to the winding rotor 23. Further, the lead wires 25 are sequentially laid on the pulleys 30 to 39, and a straight portion 25a is formed between the left pulley 31 and the pulley 32 and between the right pulley 36 and the pulley 37.
- the lead wire 25 is wound around the winding rotor 23 in the vicinity of the other end portion 25d thereof, and the end portion 25d is fixed to the winding rotor 23.
- the vicinity of one end portion 25c and the other end portion 25d are wound around the winding rotor 23 in directions opposite to each other.
- the winding of the lead 25 to the one end portion 25c side and the release to the other end portion 25d side can be simultaneously performed, or the lead wire 25 can be simultaneously released toward the end portion 25c side and the other end portion 25d side can be simultaneously performed. Winding.
- the tension of the lead 25 can be stabilized, the slack of the lead 25 and the like can be suppressed, and the opening and closing operation of the door can be performed at high speed.
- the winding rotor rotates in a predetermined rotational direction, and as shown by the arrow in Fig. 6, the lead 25 is simultaneously released toward the one end portion 25c side and the lead wire 25 is turned to the other end portion. Winding on the 25d side.
- the pair of straight portions 25a on the left and right sides and the jig 26 fixed thereto are moved in the front direction of the refrigerator 1, and the door 11 connected to the jig 26 can be opened (see FIG. 3).
- the lead 25 and the jig 26 are moved in the opposite direction to the arrow of Fig. 6, whereby the door 11 can be closed.
- the lead wires 25 that are laid between the left side pulleys 30, 31, 32 and the right side pulleys 35, 36, 37 are disposed in the lower layer, between the left side pulleys 32, 33, 34 and the right side pulleys 37, 38.
- the lead wires 25 that are placed between the 39s are disposed on the upper layer.
- the pulleys 30, 31, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 39 provided on the back side have a substantially vertical rotation axis, and the lead wires 25 are turned in a substantially horizontal direction. Further, the pulleys 30, 31, 35, and 36 are disposed on the lower layer, and the pulleys 33, 34, 38, and 39 are disposed on the upper layer. And, pulleys 32, 37
- the front portion of the opening and closing device 20 is provided and has a substantially horizontal rotating shaft, so that the lead wire 25 is turned from the upper layer to the lower layer or rotated in the opposite direction by substantially 180 degrees (refer to FIG. 4).
- the range (left and right and front and rear) occupied by the power transmission mechanism of the opening and closing device 20 can be narrowed. Thereby, the storage volume of the refrigerator 1 can be enlarged.
- the upper and lower lead wires 25 are erected so as to overlap each other in plan view.
- the pulleys 38 are respectively erected so as to overlap each other in plan view (see Fig. 5). Thereby, it can be ensured that the refrigerator 1 has a large storage volume.
- the substantially central portion 25b of the lead 25 is wound around the winding rotor 23 by a fixed number of turns. Therefore, the slack of the lead wire 25 can be suppressed, and the tension of the lead wire 25 can be stabilized, and the power can be transmitted at high speed and efficiently.
- FIG. 7 are plan views showing the drive unit 21 of the opening and closing device 20.
- Fig. 7(A) shows the disconnected state of the clutch 24, and
- Fig. 7(B) shows the connected state of the clutch 24, and
- Fig. 7(C) shows the movement of the winding rotor 23.
- the drive unit 21 has a motor 22, a winding rotor 23 connected to the motor 22, and a clutch 24 that connects the motor 22 and the winding rotor 23 in a connectable or disconnectable manner. .
- the motor 22 is a drive source for opening and closing the door 11 (see FIG. 3), and is capable of rotating the door 11 in the forward and reverse directions. Further, the motor 22 is fixed to the back surface portion 40b of the bracket 40 by the support member 41.
- the winding rotor 23 is driven to rotate by the motor 22 while winding and releasing the lead wires 25.
- the winding rotor 23 is rotatably supported on the shaft 28 and the shaft 44, wherein the shaft 28 is pivotally supported on the support member 42, and the shaft 44 is fixed to the support member 43.
- the support member 42 and the support member 43 are fixed to the back surface portion 40b of the bracket 40.
- the clutch 24 has a driving body 24a that is coupled to an output shaft of the motor 22, and a passive body 24b that is disposed on a shaft 28 that is coupled to the winding rotor 23.
- the clutch 24 is also a so-called snap-action type positive clutch, and the driving body 24a has a fitting shape corresponding to the passive body 24b. Thereby, power can be transmitted efficiently.
- the clutch 24 can also employ other forms of clutches such as friction clutches.
- the clutch 24 is connected and disconnected by using the solenoid valve 27 as a drive source.
- the electromagnetic valve 27 is energized to move the movable body 60, and the passive body 24b of the clutch 24 is moved in the direction of the rotation axis by the pressing roller 61 provided on the movable body 60.
- the motor 22 and the winding rotor 23 are connected by engaging the driving body 24a with the passive body 24b.
- the movable body 60 is biased by the spring 62 in the direction in which the clutch 24 is turned off.
- the electromagnetic valve 27 in a state where the electromagnetic valve 27 is not energized, the engagement state between the driving body 24a and the passive body 24b is released, and the motor 22 and the winding rotor 23 are separated from each other. .
- the clutch 24 when the drive motor 22 is stopped, the clutch 24 is opened, thereby separating the motor 22 and the winding rotor 23 from each other. Thereby, the door 11 can be easily opened and closed by hand.
- the clutch 24 since the clutch 24 is connected in a state where the electromagnetic valve 27 is energized, and the clutch 24 is disconnected by the spring 62 when the electromagnetic valve 27 is not energized, the door 11 can be easily performed even in the case of a power failure or the like. Opening and closing operations.
- winding rotor 23 and the shaft 28 for driving the winding rotor 23 are restricted by, for example, splines in the rotational direction, they are fitted to each other in the axial direction and are movable. Further, by forming a thread (groove) having a predetermined interval on the surface on which the winding rotor 23 and the other shaft 44 for supporting the winding rotor 23 are fitted to each other, the two are screw-fitted to each other.
- FIG. 8 is a control block diagram of the door opening and closing control of the refrigerator 1.
- the refrigerator 1 includes a control device 50 for controlling opening and closing of the door 11 (refer to FIG. 3).
- the control device 50 is connected to the switch 51, the position sensor 54, the motor 22, and the solenoid valve 27.
- the switch 51 is an instruction input means for inputting a door opening and closing instruction made by the user, and the switch 51 is provided, for example, on the front side of the door 11.
- the switch 51 can employ a switch in the form of, for example, a button or a touchpad.
- the control device 50 drives the motor 22 and energizes the solenoid valve 27. Thereby, the motor 22 is rotated, and the clutch 24 (refer FIG. 7) is connected, and the opening and closing operation of the door 11 is performed.
- a microphone 52 may be used instead of the switch 51, or a microphone 52 may be additionally provided on the basis of the switch 51 as a sound input mechanism for inputting a user's voice or the like. Thereby being able to The opening and closing operation of the door 11 is performed in accordance with an audible instruction from the user. With such a function, the door 11 can be opened and closed even when the user holds the article with both hands and it is difficult to operate by hand.
- the control device 50 can analyze the video information input by the camera 53 and can open and close the door 11 based on the predetermined video analysis information. For example, when the user performs a predetermined operation, the camera 53 can recognize the motion of the user, thereby opening and closing the door 11. Thereby, the convenience is further improved.
- instruction input means may use a remote controller or the like (not shown).
- instruction input means is not limited to this, and various other interfaces may be utilized.
- the position sensor 54 is a position detecting mechanism for detecting the position of the door 11.
- the control device 50 controls the driving of the motor 22 based on the position information of the door 11 detected by the position sensor 54. Specifically, the control device 50 performs calculation of obtaining the moving speed of the door 11 based on the position information detected by the position sensor 54, and determines the start and stop timing, the rotational speed, and the like of the motor 22.
- control device 50 has a load sensor 55 serving as an electric load detecting means for detecting the electric load of the motor 22.
- the load sensor 55 is used to detect the voltage and current of the motor 22. Further, the control device 50 determines the overload of the motor 22 based on the electric load information of the motor 22 detected by the load sensor 55, thereby stopping the driving of the motor 22.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing a change in speed of the door 11 when the door 11 is opened and closed.
- the motor 22 is started at a lower rotational speed by the control device 50, and the electromagnetic valve 27 is energized to connect the clutch 24 (see Fig. 7) (control timing T1).
- control device 50 causes the motor 22 to slowly rotate immediately after starting. Thereby, it is possible to reliably engage the two portions of the clutch 24, thereby preventing the occurrence of the problem of the idling of the motor 22 caused by the occlusion.
- the control device 50 increases the rotational speed of the motor 22. That is, the door 11 is accelerated by the motor 22, and the moving speed is gradually increased. Thus, by suppressing the moving speed after the start of the movement to a lower speed and then gradually accelerating, the impact at the time of starting can be reduced.
- the control device 50 stops the acceleration of the motor 22 and rotates the motor 22 at a constant speed.
- the control device 50 starts the following deceleration control at a predetermined control timing T3, that is, the door 11 is decelerated by gradually decreasing the rotational speed of the motor 22. Therefore, by gradually decelerating the door 11 until the stop, the impact at the time of stopping the door 11 can be suppressed to the utmost. Further, at the predetermined control timing T4, the control device 50 stops the motor 22 and turns off the clutch 24.
- the control device 50 can calculate the time elapsed from the start (control timing T1), and thereby determine the control timing T2 for switching from the acceleration control to the constant speed rotation, the control timing T3 from the start of the constant speed rotation to the start of the deceleration control, and The control timing T4 that causes the door 11 to stop.
- control timing T1 control timing T1
- T3 control timing
- T4 control timing
- timing of detecting the position sensor 54 at a predetermined position may be directly used as the above-described control timings T2, T3, and T4. Thereby, it is possible to control the opening and closing operation of the door 11 with high precision without performing complicated calculation by the control device 50.
- control timings T2, T3, and T4 may be determined in conjunction with the detection timing of the position sensor 54 at a predetermined position and the calculation result of the control device 50. Thereby, highly accurate position control can be performed.
- control timings T2, T3, and T4 may be determined by calculating a time elapsed after passing through the position sensor 54 at a predetermined position. Further, the movement speed and the moving distance of the door 11 may be calculated by the control device 50 based on the position information from the plurality of position sensors 54, thereby controlling the acceleration, deceleration, and stop of the door 11.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the electrical load of the motor 22.
- control timing Tx When the door 11 contacts the body or the like, the resistance to move the door 11 is increased, and as shown in Fig. 10, the electric load of the motor 22 is increased (control timing Tx).
- the control device 50 detects the electric load of the motor 22 that has been detected by the load sensor 55, and when it is determined that the motor 22 is overloaded, stops the driving of the motor 22.
- control device 50 starts the motor 22 (control timing T1), and after the motor 22 is gradually accelerated, it switches to constant speed rotation (control timing T2).
- the control device 50 determines that the motor 22 is overloaded when the electric load of the motor 22 exceeds the predetermined threshold dP and increases (control timing Tx) based on the average electric load PC of the motor 22 at the time of constant speed rotation. Further, as described above, the control device 50 stops the rotation of the motor 22 and disconnects the clutch 24.
- the average electric load PC of the motor 22 when the door 11 is moved at a constant speed is used as a reference. It is determined whether or not the motor 22 is overloaded. Therefore, even if the amount of food or the like stored in the storage container 13 (refer to FIG. 2) is increased or decreased, it is possible to judge whether the motor 22 is overloaded very accurately.
- the average electric load PC at the time of constant speed movement can be calculated by the control device 50 using the position information or the elapsed time detected by the position sensor 54.
- control timing Tx instead of when the motor 22 is detected to be overloaded (control timing Tx), the motor 22 is immediately stopped, and the clutch 24 is disengaged.
- the method of rotating the motor 22 in the opposite direction may be employed. 22 stops running and disconnects clutch 24. Thereby, the door 11 can be returned to the opposite direction, away from the body contacting the door or the like. As a result, when the body or the like is caught, for example, damage to the body or the like can be reduced.
- the embodiment of the present invention has been described above by taking the refrigerator 1 provided with the opening and closing device 20 for opening and closing the lower freezing compartment 6 as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the opening and closing device equivalent to the opening and closing device 20 may be provided in the ice making chamber 4, the upper freezing compartment 5, the vegetable compartment 7, or the like, and the drawer doors 9, 10, and 12 may be automatically opened and closed.
- the opening and closing device 20 can of course also be used in other drawer doors not illustrated here.
- the opening and closing device 20 has a pair of straight portions 25a and a jig 26 on the left and right sides, and functions as members on the left and right sides of the pressing door 11, and the structure thereof has been described.
- the position and number of formation of the straight portion 25a and the like are not limited thereto.
- the straight portion 25a or the like may be provided only at one place. Thereby, the structure of the opening and closing device 20 can be made more compact. Further, the portion for forming the straight portion 25a or the like for pushing the door may be a substantially central portion of the bottom of the door.
- the straight portion 25a or the like may be provided at three or more positions. Thereby, even when opening and closing a door having a large storage container, the door opening and closing operation can be stably performed. Further, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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Abstract
一种冰箱(1),包括抽屉式门(9-12)、用于开闭门(11)的开闭装置(20)以及用于控制开闭装置(20)的控制装置(50)。开闭装置(20)包括至少一个滑轮(30-39),其被设置成可分别转动;引线(25),架设于滑轮(30-39)上,且其至少一部分形成沿门(11)的移动方向延伸的直线部(25a);夹具(26),固定于直线部(25a)上,使引线(25)与门(11)可拆装地接合;可转动的卷绕转子(23),引线(25)的两端分别固定在卷绕转子(23)上且以彼此相反的回转方向卷绕于卷绕转子(23)上;和可正反方向转动的马达(22),其与卷绕转子(23)相连,以使卷绕转子(23)转动。
Description
本发明涉及一种冰箱,其包括用于自动开闭抽屉式门的开闭装置。
作为该类冰箱,在例如专利文献1(日本发明专利公开公报特开平02-146487号,第2-3页,图1)中公开有一种冰箱,该冰箱具有利用齿条齿轮传动机构的自动抽屉装置。该文献所公开的冰箱包括:齿条,其固定于抽屉容器的下表面上;齿轮(小齿轮),其与该齿条相啮合;以及驱动马达,其用于驱动该齿轮。并且,通过所述驱动马达使所述齿轮转动,将驱动马达的动力从齿轮传递到齿条,从而使固定于齿条上的抽屉式容器移动。
另外,在专利文献2(日本发明专利公开公报特开2008-8550号,第4-5页,图1)中公开有一种冰箱,该冰箱利用滚珠丝杠机构来开闭冰箱的抽屉式门。即,该文献所记载的冰箱包括:螺纹轴,其与马达相连接,且在门的移动方向上延伸;以及可动螺母,其与螺纹轴螺纹配合。所述可动螺母隔着接合板与蔬菜室门的可动轨相连接。由此,通过驱动所述马达,能够开闭所述门。
然而,在上述现有技术的冰箱中,难以同时确保具有较长的门自动开闭行程及开闭装置紧凑化。如果开闭装置大型化,则会存在减少储藏室有效收纳容积的问题。
例如,如专利文献1公开的现有技术所示,当利用齿条齿轮传动机构时,为了确保具有较长的门自动开闭行程,需要在冰箱的前部配置小齿轮。这样,驱动马达等也会配置在冰箱的前部,从而减小储藏室前部的收纳容积。
这里,例如可以设置皮带等动力传递机构,并将驱动马达设置在储藏室后部的非工作区域内。然而,如果设置这种动力传递机构,则需另外增加用于设置该机构的空间。另外,也会导致该动力传递机构变复杂,会产生部件数増加所造成的生产率低下或生产成本増大的问题。
另外,例如,如专利文献2公开的现有技术所示,当利用滚珠丝杠机构时,需要将螺纹轴与马达输出轴配置为大致相同的直线状,因而难以确保具有较长的开闭行程。即,必须将螺纹轴的长度缩短到相当于马达及联轴器的
长度。
这里,例如可以将马达配置在储藏室的后部,并且利用锥齿轮或冠状齿轮等使马达输出轴与螺纹轴以大致垂直的方式相连。由此,能够确保螺纹轴具有较长的长度,从而能够确保具有较长的门自动开闭行程。然而,由于动力传递机构变复杂,因而会产生综合生产率低下或成本增加的问题。
另外,当利用齿轮或滚珠丝杠等时,需要高精度地加工这些用于传递动力的部件。因此,存在难以降低部件成本的问题。
另外,在利用齿轮或滚珠丝杠等的开闭装置中,齿面或转动面等的接触所产生的噪音较大,存在动力传递效率较低的问题。
另外,在具备自动开闭门的开闭装置的冰箱中,需要设置手动开闭门的机构,以备停电时等使用,针对开闭装置与身体接触等问题,也需提出相应的安全措施。
发明内容
鉴于上述情况,本发明的一个目的在于,提供一种冰箱,该冰箱能够高速、高精度且低噪音地自动开闭门,从而减轻使用者的负担,同时通过利用结构紧凑的开闭装置,也能确保冰箱具有较大的收纳容积。
另外,本发明的另一目的在于,提供一种安全且便利性较高的冰箱,该冰箱兼有对门进行自动开闭与手动开闭两种功能,并且当门与身体等接触等时,能够使门停止。
本发明冰箱包括:抽屉式门、用于开闭所述门的开闭装置以及用于控制所述开闭装置的控制装置,其中所述开闭装置包括:至少一个以上的滑轮,其被设置成可分别转动;引线,架设于所述滑轮上,且其至少一部分形成沿所述门的移动方向延伸的直线部;夹具,固定于所述直线部上,以使所述引线与所述门可拆装地接合;可转动的卷绕转子,所述引线的两端部分别固定在所述卷绕转子上且以彼此相反的回转方向卷绕;和可正反方向转动的马达,其与所述卷绕转子相连,以使所述卷绕转子转动。
采用本发明的冰箱,开闭装置能够通过架设在滑轮上的引线将马达的动力传递至门。由此,可以快速且低噪音地自动开闭冰箱门,且能够减轻使用者开闭门时的负担。
另外,由于本发明的开闭装置利用引线传递门开闭的动力,因而设计及
配置动力传递机构的自由度较高。因此,能够确保具有较长的自动开闭行程,并且通过将开闭装置紧凑地配置在冰箱的非工作区域内,能够确保冰箱具有较大的收纳容积。
另外,由于具有使引线与门可拆装地接合的夹具,因而能够容易地拆下门。由此,设备的清洗作业及维护作业变得容易。另外,由于能够容易地安装门,因而使生产率也得到提高。
另外,引线的两端部分别固定于卷绕转子上且以彼此相反的回转方向卷绕于该卷绕转子上。由此,当卷绕转子转动时,能够同时进行引线的卷绕与释放。结果,能够将马达的动力高效地传递至门,从而实现高速且高精度地开闭门。
另外,也可以在门的左右两侧设置一对沿门的移动方向延伸的引线的直线部及固定于该直线部上的夹具。由此,能够从两侧推门,抑制门的变形等,也能够高效地传递开闭动力。结果,能够高速且顺畅地进行门的开闭操作。
另外,也可以设置离合器,该离合器用于以可连接和断开的方式连接马达及卷绕转子,当停止驱动马达时,离合器断开,从而使马达与卷绕转子相互分离。由此,使手动开闭门的操作变得容易。
另外,也可以设置用于检测夹具位置的位置检测机构,根据该位置检测机构检测到的位置信息来控制对马达的驱动。由此,能够高精度地控制门的位置。另外,通过高精度的位置控制操作,能够提高门开闭的速度。
另外,也可以设置电力负荷检测机构,该电力负荷检测机构用于检测马达的电力负荷,根据该电力负荷检测机构检测到的马达的电力负荷信息,判断马达的过载,从而停止对马达的驱动。由此,当门接触身体等时,能够安全地使门停止。
另外,也可以设置一体成型的支架,并且在该支架上安装滑轮、卷绕转子及马达等结构部件。藉此,由于高刚性的支架能够支承开闭装置的各部件,因而能够抑制各部件的位移及由此导致的引线松弛等,从而能够高效地传递使门开闭的动力。结果,能够高速且高精度地进行门的开闭操作。另外,由于开闭装置的安装变得容易,因而冰箱的组装生产率得到提高。
图1为根据本发明一实施例的冰箱的外观主视图。
图2为表示本发明实施例的冰箱的下层冷冻室门的透视图。
图3为表示本发明实施例的冰箱下层冷冻室内部的局部剖切透视图。
图4为表示本发明实施例的冰箱的夹具附近的透视图(图3的部分B的放大图)。
图5为本发明实施例的冰箱的开闭装置的透视图。
图6为展开本发明实施例的冰箱的引线路径的示意图。
图7为表示本发明实施例的冰箱驱动单元的离合器状态的俯视图,其中(A)表示离合器的断开状态,(B)表示离合器的连接状态,(C)表示卷绕转子的运动状态。
图8为本发明实施例的冰箱的门开闭控制的控制框图。
图9为表示本发明实施例的冰箱的门开闭速度的曲线图。
图10为表示本发明实施例的冰箱的马达负荷的曲线图。
图中使用的附图标记如下:
1-冰箱,2-隔热箱体,3-冷藏室,4-制冰室,5-上层冷冻室,
6-下层冷冻室,7-蔬菜室,8~12-门,13-收纳容器,14-侧架,
15-后架,20-开闭装置,21-驱动单元,22-马达,23-卷绕转子,
24-离合器,25-引线,25a-直线部,25c-端部,25d-端部,
26-夹具,27-电磁阀,30~39-滑轮,40-支架,50-控制装置,
51-开关,54-位置传感器,55-负荷传感器。
下面将参照附图对根据本发明一实施例的冰箱进行详细说明。
图1为表示该实施例的冰箱1的示意性结构的外观主视图。如图1所示,冰箱1具有作为主体的隔热箱体2,在隔热箱体2的内部形成有用于储藏食品等的储藏室。储藏室的内部按照保存温度及用途分隔为多个收纳室3~7。最上层为冷藏室3,其下层左侧为制冰室4,下层右侧为上层冷冻室5,再下层为下层冷冻室6,最下层为蔬菜室7。
隔热箱体2的前面向外开口,而且在与各收纳室3~7对应的开口部上分别设置有可开闭的门8~12。由于门8用于封闭冷藏室3的前面,因而门8的右侧上下部被支承于隔热箱体2且能够转动。另外,门9~12为抽屉式门。门9~10分别支承于隔热箱体2上,且能够向冰箱1的前方拉出。
此外,隔热箱体2由外箱、内箱及隔热材料构成,其中,外箱由钢板制成;内箱由合成树脂制成,且与外箱的内侧具有一定间隙;隔热材料由发泡型聚氨酯制成,该聚氨酯通过发泡工艺填充于所述外箱和所述内箱之间的间隙中。各门8~12均采用与隔热箱体2相同的隔热结构。
另外,虽然省略了图示,但是作为冷却装置,冰箱1具有例如以异丁烷(R600a)等为冷却剂的蒸气压缩式制冷循环回路。并且,通过强制使由所述制冷循环回路的冷却器冷却的空气在所述各收纳室3~7内循环,从而冷却储藏于各收纳室3~7中的食品等。
图2为从冰箱1的右背面观察下层冷冻室6的门11时的透视图。如图2所示,用于收纳食品等的收纳容器13可拆装地安装于门11上。并且,在门11与收纳容器13组合为一体的状态下,能够从冰箱1的隔热箱体2(参照图1)中拉出门11,也能够从隔热箱体2上拆下门11。
具体而言,在抽屉式门11的冰箱内侧(背面侧)的左右安装有一对侧架14,该对侧架14在门11的拉出方向上延伸。侧架14例如采用压制钢板的方法成形,并且该侧架14具有移动轨的功能,其使门11以能够拉出的方式支承于冰箱1的隔热箱体2。另外,侧架14具有与门11一体支承收纳容器13的功能。
在侧架14的背面侧的端部附近安装有导辊16,且该导辊16能够转动。导辊16安装于后述的固定轨17(参照图3)上,该固定轨17与侧架14一起引导门11移动,从而支承着可开闭的门11。
另外,配置于左右两侧的侧架14利用后架15使其背面侧的端部附近部位相互连接。后架15为用于提高侧架14的刚性的强度部件,该后架15例如采用对钢制棒材进行弯曲加工等方法成形。
图3为从冰箱1的左前面侧观察下层冷冻室6的内部时的局部剖切透视图,其示出了门11拉出后的状态。图3中的剖切面为沿图1所示的线A-A剖切而成的剖面。此外,在图3中,省略了对收纳容器13(参照图2)的图示。
如图3所示,在下层冷冻室6的内部侧面设置有固定轨17,该固定轨17在门11的移动方向即前后方向上延伸。另外,在固定轨17的前部设置有导辊18。
设置于门11上的前述导辊16(参照图2)沿固定轨17相对移动,导辊
18沿侧架14相对移动。由此,能够引导门11的移动,使门11沿冰箱1的前后方向移动。
此外,还可以使可动式导轨夹装在侧架14与固定轨17之间。
在下层冷冻室6的内部设置有用于开闭门11的开闭装置20。开闭装置20具有:驱动单元21,其作为使门11开闭的驱动源;引线25,其用于传递来自驱动单元21的动力。
引线25的一部分形成沿门11的移动方向延伸的直线部25a,直线部25a上固定有夹具26,该夹具26用于使引线25与门11可拆装地接合。
通过利用驱动单元21的卷绕转子23来卷绕和释放引线25,使引线25在轴向上移动,并且使固定于直线部25a上的夹具26与引线25一起在冰箱1的前后方向上移动。由此,能够开闭与夹具26相连接的门11。
另外,开闭装置20具有位置传感器54,该位置传感器54作为用于检测夹具26位置的位置检测机构。在开闭装置20的支架40的内侧,位置传感器54沿着夹具26的移动方向设置于多处。
图4为表示冰箱1的夹具26附近的立体图,表示图3中的B部的详细结构。如图4所示,夹具26具有夹具底座45、接合片46及弹簧47。
夹具底座45固定于引线25的直线部25a上,并且,该夹具底座45被沿门11的移动方向延伸的导轨48支承,能够进行直线运动。导轨48是例如采用针状滚轮(辊)的线性导轨等。由此,夹具底座45随着引线25的动作,向冰箱1的前后方向移动。
接合片46是与门11的后架15可拆装地接合的部件。接合片46的上部形成有接合部46a,该接合部46a为向上方开口的大致呈字母U形的切口,后架15与接合部46a相接合。
接合片46安装于夹具底座45上,且在上下方向可移动地被支承。并且,接合片46被弹簧47由下向上施力,该接合片46常态下位于移动范围中的上限位置。即,接合片46被设置为:通过从上方按压接合片46,使之向下方移动,通过解除对接合片46的按压,使之返回规定位置(上限位置)。
通过像这样地将夹具26的接合片46设置为能够沿上下方向移动,使门11的拆装变得容易。也就是说,当安装或拆下门11时,由于后架15与接合片46的上部接触,接合片46会向下移动,因而容许后架15通过(向接合部46a的方向进出)。
如上所述,通过采用能够容易地拆装门11的结构,能够容易地进行设备的清洗作业及维护作业。另外,由于能够容易地安装门11,因而使生产率得到提高。
图5为从冰箱1的左前面观察开闭装置20时的透视图。如图5所示,开闭装置20与俯视时呈大致日文片假名“コ”字形的支架40组装成一个整体。
支架40例如采用对钢板进行弯曲加工的方法成形,其具有背面部40b及处于左右两侧的一对侧面部40a,其中,在剖面呈大致日文片假名“コ”字形的支架40中,背面部40b沿下层冷冻室6(参照图3)的背面在冰箱1的左右方向上延伸;在剖面呈大致日文片假名“コ”字形的支架40中,左右两侧的一对侧面部40a从背面部40b的左右两端连续形成,且在冰箱1的前后方向上延伸。
在支架40上,多个滑轮30~39可转动地安装在规定的位置上。并且,在滑轮30~39上架设有引线25,如前所述,引线25形成沿门11(参照图3)的移动方向延伸的直线部25a。直线部25a及固定于直线部25a上的夹具26沿支架40的侧面部40a在左右两侧设有一对。
这样,通过将一对直线部25a及夹具26设置于冰箱1的左右两侧,能够从左右两侧推门11,如此,能够抑制门11的变形及倾斜等,也能够高效地传递开闭动力。结果,能够高速且顺畅地进行门的开闭操作。
在支架40的背面部40b上配置有作为开闭门11的驱动源的驱动单元21。在本实施例中,由于使用引线25作为动力传递机构,因而驱动部件及动力传递部件的布局设计自由度较高。因而,如图5(及图3)所示,可以将驱动单元21配置在下层冷冻室6背面下部的非工作区域内。由此,能够确保门11具有较长的自动开闭行程,也能够确保冰箱1具有较大的收纳容积。
另外,如前所述,通过将驱动单元21及滑轮30~39等部件安装于一体成型的支架40上,并且与开闭装置20形成为一个整体,能够容易地进行将开闭装置20组装到冰箱1上的作业,从而使生产率得到提高。
另外,通过将构成开闭装置20的动力传递结构的滑轮30~39等各部件固定于钢制支架40上,高刚性的支架40能够支承各部件,也能够抑制引线25的张力造成的各部件的位移。由此,能够减少开闭门11时引线25产生的
松弛等,且能够稳定张力,从而能够高效地传递动力。结果,能够高速且高精度地开闭门11。
图6为展开表示引线25的路径的示意图。如图6所示,开闭装置20通过在滑轮30~39上架设1根引线25,构成动力传递机构。
引线25可以采用例如不锈钢引线等。另外,还可以将不锈钢引线25浸渍到润滑剂等中,且在该引线25的外周涂上合成树脂材料的涂层。由此,能够实现低噪音、低摩擦,且能够减少产生的磨耗粉末等,从而能够清洁高效地传递动力。
引线25在其一方的端部25c附近卷绕于卷绕转子23上,且该端部25c固定于卷绕转子23上。并且,引线25依次架设在滑轮30~39上,从而在左侧的滑轮31与滑轮32之间以及右侧的滑轮36与滑轮37之间形成直线部25a。
并且,引线25在其另一方的端部25d附近卷绕于卷绕转子23上,且该端部25d固定于卷绕转子23上。这里,一方的端部25c附近与另一方的端部25d附近以彼此相反的回转方向卷绕于卷绕转子23上。由此,能够同时进行引线25向一端部25c一侧的卷绕与向另一端部25d一侧的释放,或者能够同时进行引线25向端部25c一侧的释放与向另一端部25d一侧的卷绕。由此,能够稳定引线25的张力,抑制引线25的松弛等,从而能够高速地进行门的开闭操作。
详细而言,在马达22的驱动作用下,卷绕转子向规定的转动方向转动,如图6中的箭头所示,同时进行引线25向一端部25c一侧的释放以及引线25向另一端部25d一侧的卷绕。由此,左右两侧的一对直线部25a及固定于其上的夹具26向冰箱1的前面方向移动,从而能够打开与夹具26相连接的门11(参照图3)。另外,通过使马达22向相反方向转动,引线25及夹具26向与图6的箭头相反的方向移动,从而能够关闭门11。
这里,在左侧滑轮30、31、32之间及右侧滑轮35、36、37之间架设的引线25配置在下层,在左侧滑轮32、33、34之间及右侧滑轮37、38、39之间架设的引线25配置在上层。
具体而言,设置在背面侧的滑轮30、31、33、34、35、36、38、39具有大致垂直的转轴,使引线25转向大致水平的方向。并且,滑轮30、31、35、36配置在下层,滑轮33、34、38、39配置在上层。并且,滑轮32、37
设置在开闭装置20的前部,且具有大致水平的转轴,从而使引线25从上层转向下层,或使其向相反方向转动大致180度(参照图4)。
这样,通过将引线25架设在上层与下层,能够使开闭装置20的动力传递机构所占的范围(左右及前后)变窄。由此,能够扩大冰箱1的收纳容积。
更加优选地,上层与下层的引线25以在俯视时互相重叠的方式架设。另外,卷绕转子23左下方的滑轮30与其上层的滑轮34、左端下层的滑轮31与其上层的滑轮33、卷绕转子23右下方的滑轮35与其上层的滑轮39以及右端下层的滑轮36与其上层的滑轮38分别以在俯视时互相重叠的方式架设(参见图5)。由此,能够确保冰箱1具有较大的收纳容积。
另外,在俯视时互相重叠的各个滑轮分别被轴支在相同的轴及轴承上。由此,能够减少部件的数量,从而提高生产率。
另外,在滑轮34与滑轮35之间,引线25的大致中央部25b在卷绕转子23上卷绕固定的圈数。由此,能够抑制引线25的松弛,稳定引线25的张力,从而能够高速且高效地传递动力。
图7中(A)至(C)为表示开闭装置20的驱动单元21的俯视图。图7中(A)表示离合器24的断开状态,图7中(B)表示离合器24的连接状态,图7中(C)表示卷绕转子23的移动。
如图7中(A)所示,驱动单元21具有:马达22;卷绕转子23,其与马达22相连接;离合器24,其以可连接或断开的方式连接马达22与卷绕转子23。
马达22为用于开闭门11(参照图3)的驱动源,其能够使门11向正反方向转动。并且,马达22被支承部件41固定于支架40的背面部40b上。
卷绕转子23由马达22驱动进行转动,同时进行引线25的卷绕及释放。卷绕转子23可转动地支承于轴28和轴44上,其中轴28可枢转地支承于支承部件42上,轴44固定于支承部件43上。支承部件42及支承部件43固定于支架40的背面部40b上。
离合器24具有:驱动体24a,其与马达22的输出轴相连接;被动体24b,其设置于与卷绕转子23相连接的轴28上。离合器24也就是所谓的咬合式确动离合器,该驱动体24a与被动体24b具有相对应的嵌合形状。由此,能够高效地传递动力。此外,离合器24还能够采用例如摩擦离合器等其他形式的离合器。
以电磁阀27为驱动源进行离合器24的连接与断开。即,如图7中(B)所示,给电磁阀27通电,使可动体60移动,通过设置于可动体60上的按压辊61使离合器24的被动体24b向转轴方向移动。由此,通过使驱动体24a与被动体24b相咬合,马达22与卷绕转子23被连接在一起。
另外,可动体60被弹簧62向离合器24的断开方向施力。由此,如图7中的(A)所示,在电磁阀27未通电的状态下,驱动体24a与被动体24b的咬合状态被解除,变为马达22与卷绕转子23相互分离的状态。
在本实施例中,当停止驱动马达22时,离合器24断开,从而使马达22与卷绕转子23相互分离。由此,能够通过手动容易地开闭门11。尤其是,由于在电磁阀27通电的状态下,离合器24连接,在电磁阀27未通电时,利用弹簧62来断开离合器24,因而即使在停电时等情况下,也能够容易地进行门11的开闭操作。
另外,虽然卷绕转子23与用于驱动卷绕转子23的轴28在转动方向上被例如花键限制,但是两者在轴向上相互嵌合且能够移动。并且,通过使卷绕转子23与用于支承卷绕转子23的另一轴44在相互嵌合的面上形成具有规定间隔的螺纹牙(槽),使两者相互螺纹配合。
根据这种结构,如图7中的(C)所示,当使卷绕转子23转动时,卷绕转子23向转轴方向移动。由此,由于能够使引线25排列卷绕在卷绕转子23的外周上,因而能够使引线25的张力稳定,从而能够高速且顺利地进行引线25的卷绕及释放。
图8是关于冰箱1的门开闭控制的控制框图。如图8所示,冰箱1包括用于控制门11(参照图3)开闭的控制装置50。控制装置50与开关51、位置传感器54、马达22及电磁阀27相连接。
开关51为用于输入使用者所做出的门开闭指示的指示输入机构,该开关51被设置在例如门11的前面等上。开关51可以采用例如按钮或触控板等形式的开关。
当使用者操作开关51,对门11的开闭操作做出指示时,控制装置50会驱动马达22,且使电磁阀27通电。由此,使马达22转动,离合器24(参照图7)处于连接状态,从而进行门11的开闭操作。
此外,还可以使用麦克风52代替开关51,或者在开关51的基础上额外设置麦克风52,作为用于输入使用者的声音等的声音输入机构。由此,能够
根据来自使用者的声音指示,进行门11的开闭操作。由于具备这种功能,即使在使用者两手都持有物品而难以用手进行操作的情况下,也能够开闭门11。
另外,还可以利用摄像头53代替开关51或麦克风52,或者在开关51或麦克风52的基础上额外地设置作为影像输入机构的摄像头53。并且,通过控制装置50,能够解析由摄像头53输入的影像信息,也能够根据规定的影像解析信息进行门11的开闭操作。例如,当使用者进行规定动作时,该摄像头53能够识别使用者的动作,从而开闭门11。由此,使便利性得到进一步的提高。
另外,指示输入机构还可以使用未图示的遥控器等。但是,指示输入机构并不限于此,还可以利用其他各种界面。
位置传感器54是用于检测门11位置的位置检测机构。控制装置50根据位置传感器54检测到的门11的位置信息,来控制马达22的驱动。具体而言,控制装置50根据位置传感器54检测到的位置信息,执行获得门11移动速度的计算等,从而决定马达22的起停时机及转动速度等。
另外,控制装置50具有负荷传感器55,用作检测马达22电力负荷的电力负荷检测机构。具体而言,负荷传感器55用于检测马达22的电压及电流。并且,控制装置50根据由负荷传感器55检测到的马达22的电力负荷信息来判断马达22的过载,从而停止马达22的驱动。
接下来,参照图8和图9,其说明了如何利用控制装置50对门11的速度进行控制。图9为表示开闭门11时的门11的速度变化曲线图。利用控制装置50使马达22以较低的转动速度起动,给电磁阀27通电,从而连接离合器24(参照图7)(控制时机T1)。
这里,控制装置50在起动后,立即使马达22缓慢转动。由此,能够可靠地使离合器24的两部分咬合,从而防止由咬合不良导致的马达22空转问题的产生。
当离合器24的两部分相咬合,门11开始移动时,控制装置50提高马达22的转动速度。也就是说,门11被马达22加速,移动速度逐渐增大。从而,通过将移动开始后的移动速度抑制到较低的速度,然后逐渐加速,能够降低起动时的冲击。当门11的移动速度达到恒速的规定速度VC时(控制时机T2),控制装置50停止马达22的加速,使马达22以恒速转动。
并且,控制装置50在使门11停止前,在规定的控制时机T3时,开始进行以下的减速控制,即,通过使马达22的转动速度逐渐降低,从而使门11减速。从而,通过使门11逐渐减速直至停止,能够最大程度地抑制门11停止时的冲击。并且,在规定的控制时机T4时,控制装置50使马达22停止,并断开离合器24。
可以利用控制装置50计算从起动(控制时机T1)开始经过的时间,从而分别决定从上述加速控制切换至以恒速转动的控制时机T2、从恒速转动开始到开始减速控制的控制时机T3以及使门11停止的控制时机T4。这样,通过利用控制装置50进行计算,能够减少位置传感器54的数量,从而提高生产率。
另外,还可以将处于规定位置的位置传感器54的检测时机直接作为所述的控制时机T2、T3、T4。由此,无需利用控制装置50进行复杂的计算,也能够高精度地控制门11的开闭操作。
另外,还可以结合处于规定位置的位置传感器54的检测时机与控制装置50的计算结果,来决定所述控制时机T2、T3、T4。由此,能够进行高精度的位置控制。
例如,也可以通过计算在通过处于规定位置的位置传感器54之后经过的时间,来决定所述控制时机T2、T3、T4。另外,还可以根据来自多个位置传感器54的位置信息,利用控制装置50计算门11的移动速度及移动距离,从而控制门11的加速、减速及停止。
接下来,参照图8及图10,其说明了当门11接触到身体等时控制装置50进行的控制。图10为表示马达22电力负荷的曲线图。
当门11接触身体等时,使门11移动的阻力增大,如图10所示,马达22的电力负荷増大(控制时机Tx)。控制装置50根据负荷传感器55检测出到的马达22的电力负荷,当判断马达22过载时,停止对马达22的驱动。
具体而言,控制装置50使马达22起动(控制时机T1),在马达22逐渐加速后,切换至恒速转动(控制时机T2)。控制装置50以恒速转动时的马达22的平均电力负荷PC为基准,当马达22的电力负荷超过规定阈值dP并增大时(控制时机Tx),判断马达22为过载。并且,如前所述,控制装置50使马达22的转动停止,并断开离合器24。
这样,由于以使门11恒速移动时的马达22的平均电力负荷PC为基准
来判断马达22是否过载,因而即使增加或减少收纳容器13(参照图2)中所收纳的食品等的量,也可以非常精确地判断马达22是否过载。
除了利用负荷传感器55检测到的马达22的电力负荷信息之外,还可以利用位置传感器54检测到的位置信息或经过时间等,通过控制装置50来计算恒速移动时的平均电力负荷PC。
此外,替代上文所述的利用相对于平均电力负荷PC的增量(阈值dP)进行判定的方法,或者在上述方法的基础上追加如下控制方法,即,如果超过规定的电力负荷容许值(绝对值),则使马达22停止。通过追加这种控制方法,无需利用控制装置50进行复杂的计算,即可进一步提高人与门11接触时的安全性。
另外,作为替代当检测到马达22过载时(控制时机Tx),立即使马达22停止,断开离合器24的方法,可以采用如下方法,即,在使马达22向相反方向转动后,再使马达22停止运转,并断开离合器24。由此,能够使门11返回到相反方向,远离接触到门的身体等。结果,当例如夹住身体等的时候,能够降低对身体等的损伤。
上面以设置有用于开闭下部冷冻室6的开闭装置20的冰箱1为例对本发明的实施例进行了说明,但是本发明并不限于此。例如,也可以将与开闭装置20等效的开闭装置设置在制冰室4、上层冷冻室5及蔬菜室7等上,从而使各个抽屉式门9、10、12自动开闭。此外,开闭装置20当然也可用在这里未例示出的其他抽屉式门中。
另外,在本实施例中,开闭装置20在左右两侧具有一对直线部25a及夹具26,用作按压门11左右两侧的部件,并且对其结构进行了说明。但是,直线部25a等的形成位置及数量并不限于此。
例如,当开闭小型门时,也可以仅在一处设置直线部25a等。由此,能够使开闭装置20的结构更加紧凑。另外,形成直线部25a等用于推门的部分可以是门的底部的大致中央部。
另外,还可以在三处以上的位置设置直线部25a等。由此,即使在开闭具有大型收纳容器的门时等,也能够稳定地进行门的开闭操作。另外,在不脱离本发明主旨范围的情况下,还可以进行多种变更。
Claims (6)
- 一种冰箱,包括:抽屉式门、用于开闭所述门的开闭装置以及用于控制所述开闭装置的控制装置,其中所述开闭装置包括:至少一个以上的滑轮,其被设置成可分别转动;引线,架设于所述滑轮上,且其至少一部分形成沿所述门的移动方向延伸的直线部;夹具,固定于所述直线部上,以使所述引线与所述门可拆装地接合;可转动的卷绕转子,所述引线的两端部分别固定在所述卷绕转子上且以彼此相反的回转方向卷绕于所述卷绕转子上;和可正反方向转动的马达,其与所述卷绕转子相连,以使所述卷绕转子转动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的冰箱,其中所述直线部及固定于所述直线部上的所述夹具在所述门的左右两侧各设置有一对。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的冰箱,其中所述开闭装置具有离合器,其以可连接和断开的方式连接所述马达与所述卷绕转子,当停止驱动所述马达时,所述离合器断开,从而使所述马达与所述卷绕转子分离。
- 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的冰箱,其中所述开闭装置具有位置检测机构,用于检测所述夹具的位置;所述控制装置根据所述位置检测机构检测到的所述夹具的位置信息来控制对所述马达的驱动。
- 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的冰箱,其中所述控制装置具有用于检测马达的电力负荷的电力负荷检测机构,所述电力负荷检测机构根据所述电力负荷检测机构检测到的所述马达的电力负荷信息,判断所述马达的过载,从而停止对所述马达的驱动。
- 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的冰箱,其中所述开闭装置具有一体成型的支架,用于支承每个所述滑轮、所述卷绕转子和所述马达。
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