WO2015100787A1 - 真空蒸镀装置及蒸镀方法 - Google Patents

真空蒸镀装置及蒸镀方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015100787A1
WO2015100787A1 PCT/CN2014/070457 CN2014070457W WO2015100787A1 WO 2015100787 A1 WO2015100787 A1 WO 2015100787A1 CN 2014070457 W CN2014070457 W CN 2014070457W WO 2015100787 A1 WO2015100787 A1 WO 2015100787A1
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Prior art keywords
heating unit
evaporation
vacuum
vacuum evaporation
temperature fluid
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PCT/CN2014/070457
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
匡友元
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深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司
Priority to US14/238,267 priority Critical patent/US9340864B2/en
Publication of WO2015100787A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015100787A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/24Vacuum evaporation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/04Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
    • C23C14/042Coating on selected surface areas, e.g. using masks using masks

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a vacuum evaporation apparatus and an evaporation method. Background technique
  • the organic light emitting display panel is an autonomous light emitting display panel, which has the advantages of all solid state, ultra-thin, no viewing angle limitation, fast response, room temperature operation, easy realization of flexible display and 3D display, and is consistently recognized as the next generation display. Mainstream technology. In the process of the organic light-emitting panel, it is necessary to form an organic light-emitting layer on the substrate, that is, to grow an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) on the substrate. At present, organic light-emitting diodes are mainly grown by means of heated evaporation coating.
  • a vacuum evaporation apparatus for the prior art includes a vacuum chamber, an evaporation source 50 disposed inside the vacuum chamber, and a cooling plate 210 positioned above the evaporation source.
  • the evaporation source 50 includes a material container 510 and a heat source 520 disposed outside the material container 510.
  • the substrate 220 and the mask 230 are sequentially placed under the cooling plate 210, and the substrate 220 is to be deposited with one side of the evaporation material toward the evaporation source, wherein the cooling plate 210 is used to fix the substrate 220 and the mask. 230, which is also used to dissipate heat from the substrate 220.
  • the heating source 520 heats the material container 510, and the evaporation material 530 inside the material container 510 is heated to become a material vapor into the vacuum chamber, and the material vapor is cooled on the substrate 220 through the open region of the mask 230 to form an organic light-emitting layer.
  • the mask 230 is deformed by the influence of gravity, resulting in a gap between the mask 230 and the substrate 220, and material vapor is deposited on the substrate corresponding to the area outside the open area of the mask 230, and further Affecting the purity of the luminescent color of the OLED display panel, resulting in a reduced display effect of the OLED display panel.
  • the larger the size of the display panel the more obvious the deformation of the mask 230 due to the influence of gravity, resulting in a worse display effect. Summary of the invention
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum evaporation device which not only overcomes the problem that the color of the color of the large-area reticle is affected by the gravity deformation, but also improves the purity of the light color.
  • the vapor deposition material is subjected to heat uniformity and stability of the evaporation rate.
  • a vacuum evaporation apparatus includes a vacuum chamber, an evaporation source disposed inside the vacuum chamber, wherein the evaporation source includes an internal heating unit and an external heating unit.
  • An outer heating unit an inner container of the inner heating unit forms a material container, and a vacuum interlayer is disposed between the outer wall of the inner heating unit and the inner wall of the outer heating unit; the inner heating unit is provided with a first branch having a passage for allowing steam to pass, A second branch having a passage of steam is provided on the heating unit. Wherein the opening of the second branch is smaller than the surface area of the first branch.
  • the vacuum evaporation device further comprises a cooling plate disposed under the evaporation source, and the second branch is disposed on a bottom side of the outer heating unit.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus further comprises a high temperature fluid output unit for supplying a high temperature fluid to the inner heating unit and the outer heating unit, the inner heating unit and the outer heating unit being heated by the circulating high temperature fluid.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus comprises an evaporation source and a high temperature fluid output unit connected to the evaporation source.
  • the vacuum evaporation device comprises a plurality of vapor deposition sources arranged in parallel and a high temperature fluid output unit connected to the plurality of vapor deposition sources.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus comprises a plurality of vapor deposition sources arranged in parallel and a plurality of high temperature fluid output units respectively connected to the plurality of evaporation sources.
  • a heat insulation layer is disposed between the two adjacent vapor deposition sources.
  • the vacuum evaporation device further comprises a power mechanism disposed above the vapor deposition source or disposed under the cooling plate for driving the evaporation source or the cooling plate.
  • a second object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum evaporation method for performing vapor deposition using the vacuum evaporation apparatus as described above, comprising the steps of:
  • the high temperature fluid is input from the high temperature fluid output unit to the inner heating unit and the outer heating unit to provide heat to the material container and the vacuum interlayer;
  • the vapor deposition source is provided with a vapor deposition material, and an organic light-emitting layer is formed by vapor deposition on the substrate through an opening region of the mask.
  • the vacuum evaporation device further comprises a high temperature fluid output unit for supplying a high temperature fluid to the inner heating unit and the outer heating unit, wherein the inner heating unit and the outer heating unit are heated by the circulating high temperature fluid.
  • the vacuum evaporation device comprises an evaporation source and a high temperature fluid output unit connected to the evaporation source.
  • the vacuum evaporation device comprises a plurality of vapor deposition sources arranged in parallel and a high temperature fluid output unit connected to the plurality of evaporation sources.
  • the vacuum evaporation device comprises a plurality of vapor deposition sources arranged in parallel and a plurality of high temperature fluid output units respectively connected to the plurality of vapor deposition sources.
  • the vacuum evaporation device further comprises a power mechanism disposed above the vapor deposition source or disposed under the cooling plate for driving the evaporation source or the cooling plate.
  • the vacuum vapor deposition apparatus provided by the present invention ejects material vapor evaporated from the vapor deposition material from below the vapor deposition source by means of a vacuum interlayer provided inside the vapor deposition source and a second branch provided on the bottom side of the vacuum interlayer.
  • the evaporation device uses the circulating high temperature fluid to heat the material container and the vacuum interlayer, thereby improving the evaporation.
  • the vacuum evaporation device provided by the invention can not only improve the evaporation rate of the evaporation material, but also can be applied to the mixed evaporation mode of different doping materials.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum evaporation apparatus provided by the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum evaporation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • 3 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum evaporation apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • 4 is a schematic structural view of a vacuum evaporation apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus provided in the embodiment includes a vacuum chamber, an evaporation source 10 disposed inside the vacuum chamber, and a cooling plate 210 disposed under the evaporation source 10.
  • the cooling plate 210 is used for supporting and fixing.
  • the evaporation source 10 includes an inner heating unit 110 and an outer heating unit 120 located outside the inner heating unit 110, and the inner heating unit inner wall 111 forms a material container 130,
  • the material container 130 is provided with an evaporation material 131, and a vacuum interlayer 140 is disposed between the inner heating unit outer wall 112 and the outer heating unit inner wall 121; the inner side of the inner heating unit 110 is provided with a first branch 113 for allowing material vapor to pass through,
  • a second branch 123 is provided on the bottom of the heating unit 120 to allow passage of material vapor.
  • the inner heating unit 110 is configured to heat the evaporation material 131, so that the evaporation material 131 becomes material vapor from the first branch 113 into the vacuum interlayer 140; the inner heating unit 110 and the outer heating unit 120 are used for vacuuming
  • the material in the interlayer 140 is heated by steam to keep it in a vapor state.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus further includes a high temperature fluid output unit 30 for supplying the high temperature fluid 310 to the inner heating unit 110 and the outer heating unit 120, which is disposed above the vapor deposition source 10, the inner heating unit 110 and the external heating.
  • the unit 120 is heated by the high temperature fluid 310 circulating therein, which can improve the uniformity of the vapor deposition material 131 and the stability of the evaporation rate.
  • heating may be performed using heating means provided in the inner heating unit 110 and the outer heating unit 120 or in other manners.
  • the first branch 113 provided on the side of the inner heating unit 110 functions to: allow material vapor to pass through the inner heating unit inner wall 111 and the inner heating unit outer wall 112 into the vacuum interlayer 140, and at the same time, the high temperature fluid 310 is only
  • the inner heating wall inner wall 111 and the inner heating unit outer wall 112 circulate and flow;
  • the second branch 123 provided on the bottom side of the outer heating unit 120 functions similarly to the first branch 113: allowing material vapor to pass through the inner wall of the outer heating unit
  • the outer wall 122 of the outer heating unit 121 and the outer heating unit 122 ejects the vacuum interlayer 140, and at the same time, the high temperature fluid 310 is circulated between the outer heating unit inner wall 121 and the outer heating unit outer wall 122.
  • the opening of the second branch 123 is larger than the surface area of the first branch 113, so that after the vapor deposition material 131 is heated into the material vapor, the material vapor enters the vacuum interlayer 140 and easily reaches the saturated vapor in the vacuum interlayer 140.
  • the pressure not only makes it easier for the material vapor to be ejected from the vacuum interlayer 140 through the second branch 123, but also improves the stability of the material vapor ejection.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus further includes a power mechanism disposed above the high temperature fluid output unit 30.
  • the power mechanism is a rotary power mechanism 410.
  • the rotary power mechanism 410 is configured to drive the vapor deposition source 10 to rotate, so that the material vapor can be uniformly distributed above the mask 230 inside the vacuum chamber after being ejected from the vacuum interlayer 140.
  • the power mechanism can also be placed under the cooling plate 210 for driving the cooling plate 210 and the substrate 220 and the mask plate 230 disposed thereon to uniformly deposit material vapor on the substrate.
  • the present embodiment further provides a vacuum evaporation method, which is performed by using the vacuum evaporation apparatus as described above, and includes: providing a substrate 220 and a mask 230, and placing the substrate 220 on the cooling plate 210.
  • the mask 230 is placed directly above the substrate 220; the high temperature fluid 310 is input from the high temperature fluid output unit 30 into the inner heating unit 110 and the outer heating unit 120 to provide heat to the material container 130 and the vacuum interlayer 140;
  • the vapor deposition material 131 in the container 130 is heated to become material vapor and enters the vacuum interlayer 140 from the first branch 113, and is maintained in a vapor state by the internal heating unit 110 and the external heating unit 120 until the vacuum interlayer 140 is The saturated vapor pressure is reached; the material vapor is ejected from the vacuum interlayer 140 into the vacuum chamber through the second branch 123, and is evenly distributed over the mask 230 under the action of the rotary power mechanism 410; the material vapor is cooled and covered.
  • the open area of the template 230 is deposited on the substrate 220 to form an organic light emitting layer.
  • the vacuum evaporation device provided in this embodiment not only eliminates the problem that the adjacent pixel evaporation materials interfere with each other due to the gap formed by the gravity deformation in the middle of the conventional mask, thereby improving the display effect of the display panel;
  • the high temperature fluid heats the material container and the vacuum interlayer, thereby improving the uniformity of the vapor deposition material and the stability of the evaporation rate.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus includes a vacuum chamber, an evaporation source 10 disposed inside the vacuum chamber, a cooling plate 210 disposed under the evaporation source 10, and a vapor deposition source 10 disposed above the vapor deposition source 10.
  • a high temperature fluid output unit 30 for supplying the high temperature fluid 310 to the inner heating unit 110 and the outer heating unit 120.
  • the cooling plate 210 is used for supporting, fixing and cooling the substrate 220 and the mask plate 230 sequentially placed thereon.
  • the evaporation source 10 includes an inner heating unit 110 and an outer heating unit 120 located outside the inner heating unit 110, and the inner heating unit
  • the inner wall 111 defines a material container 130.
  • the material container 130 is provided with an evaporation material 131.
  • the inner heating unit outer wall 112 and the outer heating unit inner wall 121 are a vacuum interlayer 140.
  • the inner side of the inner heating unit 110 is provided with a material vapor.
  • First branch 113, outer heating unit 120 A second branch 123 is provided on the bottom for allowing material vapor to pass.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus includes a plurality of vapor deposition sources 10 arranged side by side and a high temperature fluid output unit 30 connected to the plurality of vapor deposition sources 10. In this way, the evaporation rate of the vapor deposition material 131 can be increased under the premise that the evaporation material 131 is uniformly heated, thereby increasing the growth rate of the OLED, and is more suitable for the production of a large-sized display panel.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus further includes a power mechanism disposed above the high temperature fluid output unit 30.
  • the power mechanism is a horizontal power mechanism 420.
  • the horizontal power mechanism 420 is configured to drive the evaporation source 10 to horizontally reciprocate, and the moving direction thereof is perpendicular to the direction in which the plurality of vapor deposition sources 10 are arranged, so that the material vapor can be uniformly distributed in the vacuum chamber after being ejected from the vacuum interlayer 140.
  • the power mechanism can also be placed under the cooling plate 210 for driving the cooling plate 210 and the substrate 220 and the mask plate 230 disposed thereon to uniformly deposit material vapor on the substrate. on.
  • the power structure can also be a rotary power structure.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus includes a vacuum chamber, an evaporation source 10 disposed inside the vacuum chamber, a cooling plate 210 disposed under the evaporation source 10, and a vapor deposition source 10 disposed above the vapor deposition source 10.
  • a high temperature fluid output unit 30 for supplying the high temperature fluid 310 to the inner heating unit 110 and the outer heating unit 120.
  • the cooling plate 210 is used for supporting, fixing and cooling the substrate 220 and the mask plate 230 sequentially placed thereon.
  • the evaporation source 10 includes an inner heating unit 110 and an outer heating unit 120 located outside the inner heating unit 110, and the inner heating unit
  • the inner wall 111 defines a material container 130.
  • the material container 130 is provided with an evaporation material 131.
  • the inner heating unit outer wall 112 and the outer heating unit inner wall 121 are a vacuum interlayer 140.
  • the inner side of the inner heating unit 110 is provided with a material vapor.
  • the first branch 113, the bottom of the outer heating unit 120 is provided with a second branch 123 that allows the passage of material vapor.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus includes a plurality of vapor deposition sources 10 arranged side by side and a plurality of high temperature fluid output units 30 connected to the vapor deposition source 10.
  • a heat insulating layer 60 is disposed between two adjacent vapor deposition sources 10 and two adjacent high temperature fluid output units 30.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus further includes a power mechanism disposed above the high temperature fluid output unit 30.
  • the power mechanism is a horizontal power mechanism 420.
  • the horizontal power mechanism 420 is configured to drive the evaporation source 10 to horizontally reciprocate, and the moving direction thereof is perpendicular to the direction in which the plurality of vapor deposition sources 10 are arranged, so that the material vapor can be uniformly distributed in the vacuum chamber after being ejected from the vacuum interlayer 140.
  • the power mechanism can also be placed on the cooling plate 210. Below, the cooling plate 210 and the substrate 220 and the mask plate 230 placed thereon are moved to uniformly deposit material vapor on the substrate.
  • the power structure can also be a rotary power structure.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus In the vacuum evaporation apparatus provided in this embodiment, different evaporation materials may be contained in the material container 130 in each evaporation source 10, and the evaporation materials may have different evaporation temperatures, so that the evaporation material 131 can be ensured not only.
  • the evaporation rate of the evaporation material 131 is increased under the condition of uniform heating, thereby increasing the growth rate of the OLED, and is also suitable for the mixed evaporation mode of different doping materials.
  • the vacuum evaporation apparatus provided by the present invention vaporizes the material vapor evaporated from the evaporation material by means of a vacuum interlayer provided inside the evaporation source and a second branch provided on the bottom side of the vacuum interlayer.
  • the lower side of the source is ejected and deposited on the substrate placed under the evaporation source. Since the mask is placed above the substrate in the evaporation device, the bonding between the mask and the substrate is more tight, eliminating the conventional method.
  • the vacuum evaporation device provided by the invention can not only improve the evaporation rate of the evaporation material, but also can be applied to the mixed steaming of different doping materials.
  • Plating mode It should be noted that, in this context, relational terms such as first and second are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply these entities or operations. There is any such actual relationship or order between them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

 本发明提供一种真空蒸镀装置,包括真空腔体、设于真空腔体内部的蒸镀源,其中,所述蒸镀源包括内加热单元和位于内加热单元外部的外加热单元;所述内加热单元内壁形成一材料容器,所述内加热单元外壁与所述外加热单元内壁之间为一真空夹层;所述内加热单元上设有具有允许蒸汽通过的第一支路,所述外加热单元上设有具有允许蒸汽通过的第二支路。该装置不仅克服了大面积掩模板中部因重力变形出现缝隙而影响光色纯度的问题,同时也提高了蒸镀材料受热的均匀性和蒸镀速率的稳定性。

Description

真空蒸镀装置及蒸镀方法 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域, 具体而言涉及一种真空蒸镀装置及蒸镀方法。 背景技术
有机发光显示面板是一种自主发光的显示面板, 其具有全固态、 超薄、 无 视角限制、 快速响应、 室温工作、 易于实现柔性显示和 3D显示等优点, 一致 被公认为是下一代显示的主流技术。 在有机发光面板的制程中, 需要在基板上形成有机发光层, 即在基板上生 长有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode, 0LED)。 目前, 有机发光二 极管主要采用加热蒸发镀膜的方式进行生长。 参阅图 1, 为现有技术提供的真 空蒸镀装置, 包括真空腔体、 设于真空腔体内部的蒸镀源 50 以及位于蒸镀源 之上的冷却板 210。 其中, 蒸镀源 50包括材料容器 510和设于材料容器 510 外部的加热源 520。 在制作有机发光面板时, 将基板 220和掩模板 230依次置 于冷却板 210的下方, 其基板 220欲沉积蒸镀材料的一面朝向蒸镀源, 其中冷 却板 210用于固定基板 220和掩模板 230, 同时还用于对基板 220散热。 加热 源 520对材料容器 510加热, 材料容器 510内部的蒸镀材料 530受热成为材料 蒸汽进入真空腔体内,材料蒸汽通过掩模板 230的开口区在基板 220上冷却形 成有机发光层。 然而, 在蒸镀的过程中, 掩模板 230受重力影响会出现变形, 导致掩模板 230与基板 220之间出现缝隙,材料蒸汽会沉积在基板上对应于掩 模板 230开口区以外的区域, 进而影响 OLED显示面板发光颜色的纯度, 导致 OLED显示面板显示效果降低。 尤其是对大尺寸显示面板来说, 显示面板尺寸 越大, 掩模板 230受重力影响出现的变形越明显, 导致显示效果也越差。 发明内容
为解决上述现有技术所存在的问题, 本发明的目的在于提供一种真空蒸镀 装置, 该装置不仅克服了大面积掩模板中部因重力变形出现缝隙而影响光色纯 度的问题, 同时也提高了蒸镀材料受热的均匀性和蒸镀速率的稳定性。 为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供的一种真空蒸镀装置, 包括真空腔体、 设 于真空腔体内部的蒸镀源, 其中, 所述蒸镀源包括内加热单元和位于内加热单 元外部的外加热单元; 内加热单元内壁形成一材料容器, 内加热单元外壁与外 加热单元内壁之间为一真空夹层; 所述内加热单元上设有具有允许蒸汽通过的 第一支路, 所述外加热单元上设有具有允许蒸汽通过的第二支路。 其中, 所述第二支路的开口小于第一支路的表面积。
其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还包括置于所述蒸镀源下方的冷却板, 所述第二 支路设于所述外加热单元的底侧。
其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还包括用于给内加热单元和外加热单元提供高温 流体的高温流体输出单元, 所述内加热单元和外加热单元利用循环的高温流体 进行加热。
其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包括一个蒸镀源和与所述蒸镀源连接的一个高温 流体输出单元。
其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包括多个并列安置的蒸镀源和与多个所述蒸镀源 连接的一个高温流体输出单元。
其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包括多个并列安置的蒸镀源和分别与多个所述蒸 镀源连接的多个高温流体输出单元。
其中, 所述两相邻蒸镀源之间设有一隔热层。
其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还包括置于所述蒸镀源上方或者置于所述冷却板 下方的用于带动所述蒸镀源或者冷却板运动的动力机构。
本发明的第二目的是提供一种真空蒸镀方法, 使用如上所述的真空蒸镀装 置进行蒸镀, 包括步骤:
提供一基板和掩模板, 将基板置于冷却板的正上方, 掩模板置于基板的正 上方;
将高温流体从高温流体输出单元输入到内加热单元和外加热单元中, 为材 料容器和真空夹层提供热量;
蒸镀源提供蒸镀材料, 通过掩模板的开口区向基板上蒸镀形成有机发光 层。 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还包括用于给内加热单元和外加热单元提供高温 流体的高温流体输出单元, 所述内加热单元和外加热单元利用循环的高温流体 进行加热。 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包括一个蒸镀源和与所述蒸镀源连接的一个高温 流体输出单元。 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包括多个并列安置的蒸镀源和与多个所述蒸镀源 连接的一个高温流体输出单元。 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包括多个并列安置的蒸镀源和分别与多个所述蒸 镀源连接的多个高温流体输出单元。
其中, 所述两相邻蒸镀源之间设有一隔热层。 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还包括置于所述蒸镀源上方或者置于所述冷却板 下方的用于带动所述蒸镀源或者冷却板运动的动力机构。 本发明提供的真空蒸镀装置通过设于蒸镀源内部的真空夹层以及真空夹 层底侧设有的第二支路的方式,将蒸镀材料蒸发后的材料蒸汽从蒸镀源的下方 喷出并沉积在置于蒸镀源下方的基板上, 由于该蒸镀装置中掩模板置于基板的 上方, 因此掩模板与基板之间的贴合更加紧密, 消除了传统方式掩模板中部因 重力变形出现缝隙而导致的相邻像素蒸镀材料相互干扰的问题, 从而提高了显 示面板的显示效果; 而且, 该蒸镀装置采用循环的高温流体对材料容器和真空 夹层进行加热,从而提高了蒸镀材料受热的均匀性和蒸镀速率的稳定性;同时, 本发明提供的真空蒸镀装置不仅可以提高蒸镀材料的蒸发速率, 而且还可以应 用于不同掺杂材料的混合蒸镀模式。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术提供的真空蒸镀装置结构示意图。
图 2为本发明实施例 1提供的真空蒸镀装置结构示意图。 图 3为本发明实施例 2提供的真空蒸镀装置结构示意图。 图 4为本发明实施例 3提供的真空蒸镀装置结构示意图。 具体实施方式
现在对本发明实施例进行详细的描述, 其示例表示在附图中, 其中, 相同 的标号始终表示相同部件。 下面通过参照附图对实施例进行描述以解释本发 明。
实施例 1
参阅图 2, 实施例提供的真空蒸镀装置包括真空腔体、 设于真空腔体内部 的蒸镀源 10以及置于蒸镀源 10下方的冷却板 210, 该冷却板 210用于支撑、 固定及冷却依次放置在其上的基板 220和掩模板 230,其中,蒸镀源 10包括内 加热单元 110和位于内加热单元 110外部的外加热单元 120, 内加热单元内壁 111形成一材料容器 130, 材料容器 130内装有蒸镀材料 131, 内加热单元外壁 112与外加热单元内壁 121之间为一真空夹层 140; 内加热单元 110的侧边设 有允许材料蒸汽通过的第一支路 113, 外加热单元 120的底部上设有允许材料 蒸汽通过的第二支路 123。 其中,内加热单元 110用于对蒸镀材料 131进行加热,从而使蒸镀材料 131 变成材料蒸汽从第一支路 113进入真空夹层 140; 内加热单元 110和外加热单 元 120用于给真空夹层 140内的材料蒸汽加热, 使其一直保持蒸汽状态。 在本 实施例中, 真空蒸镀装置还包括置于蒸镀源 10上方的用于给内加热单元 110 和外加热单元 120提供高温流体 310的高温流体输出单元 30, 内加热单元 110 和外加热单元 120利用在其内循环流动的高温流体 310进行加热, 这样可以提 高蒸镀材料 131受热的均匀性和蒸镀速率的稳定性。 当然, 在其他实施例中, 也可以利用在内加热单元 110和外加热单元 120内设有的加热装置或者其他方 式进行加热。
内加热单元 110侧边设有的第一支路 113的作用是: 允许材料蒸汽穿过内 加热单元内壁 111和内加热单元外壁 112进入到真空夹层 140内, 同时, 又使 高温流体 310仅在内加热单元内壁 111和内加热单元外壁 112之间循环流动; 外加热单元 120底侧设有的第二支路 123的作用与第一支路 113作用相似: 允 许材料蒸汽穿过外加热单元内壁 121和外加热单元外壁 122喷出真空夹层 140, 同时, 又使高温流体 310在外加热单元内壁 121和外加热单元外壁 122之间循 环流动。 在本实施例中, 第二支路 123的开口大于第一支路 113的表面积, 这 样在蒸镀材料 131受热成为材料蒸汽后, 材料蒸汽进入真空夹层 140后容易在 真空夹层 140 内达到饱和蒸汽压, 不仅可以使材料蒸汽更容易通过第二支路 123从真空夹层 140中喷出, 同时还可以提高材料蒸汽喷出的稳定性, 从而提 高通过掩模板的开口区向基板上沉积成的有机发光层质量。 进一步地, 真空蒸镀装置还包括置于高温流体输出单元 30上方的动力机 构, 在本实施例中, 动力机构为旋转动力机构 410。 该旋转动力机构 410用于 带动蒸镀源 10旋转, 从而使材料蒸汽从真空夹层 140喷出后能够均匀地分布 在真空腔体内部的掩模板 230的上方。 当然, 在其他实施例中, 该动力机构也 可以置于冷却板 210的下方, 用于带动冷却板 210及置于其上的基板 220和掩 模板 230运动, 从而使材料蒸汽均匀地沉积在基板上。 基于同一发明构思, 本实施例还提供了一种真空蒸镀方法, 采用如上所述 的真空蒸镀装置进行蒸镀, 包括: 提供一基板 220和掩模板 230, 将基板 220 置于冷却板 210的正上方,掩模板 230置于基板 220的正上方;将高温流体 310 从高温流体输出单元 30输入到内加热单元 110和外加热单元 120中, 为材料 容器 130和真空夹层 140提供热量; 材料容器 130内的蒸镀材料 131受热成为 材料蒸汽并从第一支路 113进入到真空夹层 140内, 并在内加热单元 110和外 加热单元 120的共同作用下保持蒸汽状态, 直至真空夹层 140内达到饱和蒸汽 压; 材料蒸汽通过第二支路 123从真空夹层 140喷出进入到真空腔体内, 并在 旋转动力机构 410的作用下均匀地分布在掩模板 230的上方; 材料蒸汽受冷通 过掩模板 230的开口区向沉积在基板 220上, 从而形成有机发光层。 本实施例提供的真空蒸镀装置不仅消除了传统方式掩模板中部因重力变 形出现缝隙而导致的相邻像素蒸镀材料相互干扰的问题, 从而提高了显示面板 的显示效果; 而且, 还通过循环的高温流体对材料容器和真空夹层进行加热, 从而提高了蒸镀材料受热的均匀性和蒸镀速率的稳定性。
实施例 2
参阅图 3, 本实施例提供的真空蒸镀装置包括真空腔体、 设于真空腔体内 部的蒸镀源 10、置于蒸镀源 10下方的冷却板 210以及置于蒸镀源 10上方的用 于给内加热单元 110和外加热单元 120提供高温流体 310的高温流体输出单元 30。 其中, 冷却板 210用于支撑、 固定及冷却依次放置在其上的基板 220和掩 模板 230,蒸镀源 10包括内加热单元 110和位于内加热单元 110外部的外加热 单元 120, 内加热单元内壁 111形成一材料容器 130, 材料容器 130内装有蒸 镀材料 131,内加热单元外壁 112与外加热单元内壁 121之间为一真空夹层 140; 内加热单元 110的侧边设有允许材料蒸汽通过的第一支路 113,外加热单元 120 的底部上设有允许材料蒸汽通过的第二支路 123。 与实施例 1不同的是, 该真 空蒸镀装置包括多个并列安置的蒸镀源 10和与多个蒸镀源 10连接的一个高温 流体输出单元 30。这样可以在保证蒸镀材料 131受热均匀的前提下提高蒸镀材 料 131的蒸发速率, 从而提高 OLED的生长速率, 更加适合大尺寸显示面板的 制作。
进一步地, 真空蒸镀装置还包括置于高温流体输出单元 30上方的动力机 构, 在本实施例中, 动力机构为水平动力机构 420。 该水平动力机构 420用于 带动蒸镀源 10水平往复运动, 其运动方向垂直于多个蒸镀源 10排列的方向, 从而使材料蒸汽从真空夹层 140喷出后能够均匀地分布在真空腔体内部的掩模 板 230的上方。 当然, 在其他实施例中, 该动力机构也可以置于冷却板 210的 下方, 用于带动冷却板 210及置于其上的基板 220和掩模板 230运动, 从而使 材料蒸汽均匀地沉积在基板上。 或者, 动力结构也可以为旋转动力结构。
实施例 3
参阅图 4, 本实施例提供的真空蒸镀装置包括真空腔体、 设于真空腔体内 部的蒸镀源 10、置于蒸镀源 10下方的冷却板 210以及置于蒸镀源 10上方的用 于给内加热单元 110和外加热单元 120提供高温流体 310的高温流体输出单元 30。 其中, 冷却板 210用于支撑、 固定及冷却依次放置在其上的基板 220和掩 模板 230,蒸镀源 10包括内加热单元 110和位于内加热单元 110外部的外加热 单元 120, 内加热单元内壁 111形成一材料容器 130, 材料容器 130内装有蒸 镀材料 131,内加热单元外壁 112与外加热单元内壁 121之间为一真空夹层 140; 内加热单元 110的侧边设有允许材料蒸汽通过的第一支路 113,外加热单元 120 的底部上设有允许材料蒸汽通过的第二支路 123。 与实施例 2不同的是, 该真 空蒸镀装置包括多个并列安置的蒸镀源 10和与蒸镀源 10连接的多个高温流体 输出单元 30。在两相邻蒸镀源 10以及两相邻的高温流体输出单元 30之间设有 一隔热层 60。 进一步地, 真空蒸镀装置还包括置于高温流体输出单元 30上方的动力机 构, 在本实施例中, 动力机构为水平动力机构 420。 该水平动力机构 420用于 带动蒸镀源 10水平往复运动, 其运动方向垂直于多个蒸镀源 10排列的方向, 从而使材料蒸汽从真空夹层 140喷出后能够均匀地分布在真空腔体内部的掩模 板 230的上方。 当然, 在其他实施例中, 该动力机构也可以置于冷却板 210的 下方, 用于带动冷却板 210及置于其上的基板 220和掩模板 230运动, 从而使 材料蒸汽均匀地沉积在基板上。 或者, 动力结构也可以为旋转动力结构。
本实施例提供的真空蒸镀装置中, 各个蒸镀源 10内材料容器 130中可以 盛放不同的蒸镀材料, 这些蒸镀材料可以具有不同的蒸发温度, 这样不仅可以 在保证蒸镀材料 131受热均匀的前提下提高蒸镀材料 131的蒸发速率, 从而提 高 OLED的生长速率, 而且还适用于不同掺杂材料的混合蒸镀模式。 综上所述, 本发明提供的真空蒸镀装置通过设于蒸镀源内部的真空夹层以 及真空夹层底侧设有的第二支路的方式, 将蒸镀材料蒸发后的材料蒸汽从蒸镀 源的下方喷出并沉积在置于蒸镀源下方的基板上, 由于该蒸镀装置中掩模板置 于基板的上方, 因此掩模板与基板之间的贴合更加紧密, 消除了传统方式掩模 板中部因重力变形出现缝隙而导致的相邻像素蒸镀材料相互干扰的问题, 从而 提高了显示面板的显示效果; 而且, 该蒸镀装置采用循环的高温流体对材料容 器和真空夹层进行加热, 从而提高了蒸镀材料受热的均匀性和蒸镀速率的稳定 性; 同时, 本发明提供的真空蒸镀装置不仅可以提高蒸镀材料的蒸发速率, 而 且还可以应用于不同掺杂材料的混合蒸镀模式。 需要说明的是, 在本文中, 诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将 一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来, 而不一定要求或者暗示这些 实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。 而且, 术语"包括"、 "包 含"或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含, 从而使得包括一系列要素 的过程、 方法、 物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素, 而且还包括没有明确列出的 其他要素, 或者是还包括为这种过程、 方法、 物品或者设备所固有的要素。 在 没有更多限制的情况下, 由语句 "包括一个 ...... "限定的要素, 并不排除在包括 所述要素的过程、 方法、 物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。 虽然本发明是参照其示例性的实施例被具体描述和显示的,但是本领域的 普通技术人员应该理解, 在不脱离由权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围的情 况下, 可以对其进行形式和细节的各种改变。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种真空蒸镀装置, 包括真空腔体、 设于真空腔体内部的蒸镀源, 其 中, 所述蒸镀源包括内加热单元和位于内加热单元外部的外加热单元; 内加热 单元内壁形成一材料容器, 内加热单元外壁与外加热单元内壁之间为一真空夹 层; 所述内加热单元上设有具有允许蒸汽通过的第一支路, 所述外加热单元上 设有具有允许蒸汽通过的第二支路。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的真空蒸镀装置, 其中, 所述第二支路的开口小 于第一支路的表面积。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的真空蒸镀装置, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还包 括置于所述蒸镀源下方的冷却板, 所述第二支路设于所述外加热单元的底侧。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的真空蒸镀装置, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还包 括用于给内加热单元和外加热单元提供高温流体的高温流体输出单元, 所述内 加热单元和外加热单元利用循环的高温流体进行加热。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的真空蒸镀装置, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包括 一个蒸镀源和与所述蒸镀源连接的一个高温流体输出单元。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的真空蒸镀装置, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包括 多个并列安置的蒸镀源和与多个所述蒸镀源连接的一个高温流体输出单元。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的真空蒸镀装置, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包括 多个并列安置的蒸镀源和分别与多个所述蒸镀源连接的多个高温流体输出单 元。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的真空蒸镀装置, 其中, 所述两相邻蒸镀源之间 设有一隔热层。
9、 根据权利要求 3所述的真空蒸镀装置, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还包 括置于所述蒸镀源上方或者置于所述冷却板下方的用于带动所述蒸镀源或者 冷却板运动的动力机构。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的真空蒸镀装置, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还包 括用于给内加热单元和外加热单元提供高温流体的高温流体输出单元, 所述内 加热单元和外加热单元利用循环的高温流体进行加热。
11、 一种真空蒸镀方法, 其中, 使用如权利要求 3所述的真空蒸镀装置进 行蒸镀, 包括步骤:
提供一基板和掩模板, 将基板置于冷却板的正上方, 掩模板置于基板的正 上方;
将高温流体从高温流体输出单元输入到内加热单元和外加热单元中, 为材 料容器和真空夹层提供热量;
蒸镀源提供蒸镀材料, 通过掩模板的开口区向基板上蒸镀形成有机发光 层。
12、 根据权利要求 11 所述的真空蒸镀方法, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还 包括用于给内加热单元和外加热单元提供高温流体的高温流体输出单元, 所述 内加热单元和外加热单元利用循环的高温流体进行加热。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的真空蒸镀方法, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包 括一个蒸镀源和与所述蒸镀源连接的一个高温流体输出单元。
14、 根据权利要求 12所述的真空蒸镀方法, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包 括多个并列安置的蒸镀源和与多个所述蒸镀源连接的一个高温流体输出单元。
15、 根据权利要求 12所述的真空蒸镀方法, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置包 括多个并列安置的蒸镀源和分别与多个所述蒸镀源连接的多个高温流体输出 单元。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的真空蒸镀方法, 其中, 所述两相邻蒸镀源之 间设有一隔热层。
17、 根据权利要求 11 所述的真空蒸镀方法, 其中, 所述真空蒸镀装置还 包括置于所述蒸镀源上方或者置于所述冷却板下方的用于带动所述蒸镀源或 者冷却板运动的动力机构。
PCT/CN2014/070457 2013-12-30 2014-01-10 真空蒸镀装置及蒸镀方法 WO2015100787A1 (zh)

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