WO2015096401A1 - 一种电路板及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种电路板及其制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015096401A1
WO2015096401A1 PCT/CN2014/079463 CN2014079463W WO2015096401A1 WO 2015096401 A1 WO2015096401 A1 WO 2015096401A1 CN 2014079463 W CN2014079463 W CN 2014079463W WO 2015096401 A1 WO2015096401 A1 WO 2015096401A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal transmission
unit
circuit board
units
line
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2014/079463
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邵继洋
郑喆奎
栗首
赵天月
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2015096401A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015096401A1/zh
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00Printed circuits
    • H05K1/02Details
    • H05K1/11Printed elements for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits
    • H05K1/115Via connections; Lands around holes or via connections
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/09Shape and layout
    • H05K2201/09209Shape and layout details of conductors
    • H05K2201/095Conductive through-holes or vias
    • H05K2201/09609Via grid, i.e. two-dimensional array of vias or holes in a single plane
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/09Shape and layout
    • H05K2201/09209Shape and layout details of conductors
    • H05K2201/095Conductive through-holes or vias
    • H05K2201/09636Details of adjacent, not connected vias

Definitions

  • the quality of the signal transmitted on the printed circuit board directly affects the performance of the printed circuit board product.
  • many signals need to be transmitted at multiple signal transmission layers.
  • the signal needs to be transmitted in multiple signal transmission layers, it is necessary to provide a via hole between different signal transmission layers, and connect the signal transmission units located in different signal transmission layers through the via holes to continuously transmit signals.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit board including a first signal transmission layer and a second signal transmission layer, the circuit board further including:
  • each of the first signal transmission units including at least one first signal transmission line;
  • the second signal transmission layer corresponds to the plurality of second signal transmission units disposed by the plurality of first signal transmission units, and each of the second signal transmission units includes at least one second signal transmission line; corresponding to each a signal transmission unit corresponding to the provided via unit, wherein the number of the via holes in the via unit is the same as the number of the first signal transmission lines of the corresponding first signal transmission unit;
  • first signal transmission unit and second signal transmission unit are formed by corresponding via units Electrical connection
  • the via unit is arranged in at least two rows to form at least two parallel via rows; in a direction parallel to the via row, an offset is formed between adjacent via rows, and In the direction of the first signal transmission layer perpendicular to the row of vias, there is an overlap between adjacent rows of vias.
  • the first signal transmission unit is connected to a signal transceiving unit
  • the distance between the adjacent first via line and the second via line and the signal transceiving unit is small
  • the number of via units included in the first via row is less than or equal to the number of via units included in the second via row having a larger distance from the signal transceiving unit.
  • each of the first signal transmission units is composed of two first signal transmission lines, and in the offset direction, the first via unit of the second via line does not exceed the number The last via unit of a via line.
  • the first line is the second via line in the offset direction a connection between the first via unit and the first via unit in the offset direction, the first ray being: the first via line
  • the last via unit in the offset direction is the starting point, the same direction as the direction of the offset.
  • each of the first signal transmission units is composed of a first signal transmission line, and in the offset direction, the first via unit of the second via line does not exceed the number The second via unit of a via line.
  • the circuit board includes: a plurality of third signal transmission units disposed in the first signal transmission layer, a transmission rate of the third signal transmission unit is less than the predetermined transmission rate, and each of the third signal transmission units includes at least one third signal Transmission line;
  • the first signal transmission layer is provided with a first region and a second region that are isolated from each other, the first signal transmission unit is disposed in the first region, and the third signal transmission unit is disposed in the second region .
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for fabricating a circuit board, where the circuit board includes a first signal transmission layer and a second signal transmission layer, and the method for manufacturing the circuit board includes:
  • first signal transmission unit forming step wherein the first signal transmission layer is provided with a plurality of first signal transmission units, each of the first signal transmission units including at least one first signal transmission line;
  • each second signal transmission unit including at least one second Signal transmission line
  • a via unit forming step corresponding to each of the first signal transmission units correspondingly disposed with a via unit, such that the corresponding first signal transmission unit and the second signal transmission unit form an electrical connection through the corresponding via unit, the via hole
  • the number of vias in the cell is the same as the number of first signal transmission lines of the corresponding first signal transmission unit;
  • the via unit is arranged in at least two rows to form at least two parallel via rows; in a direction parallel to the via row, an offset is formed between adjacent via rows, and In the direction of the first signal transmission layer perpendicular to the row of vias, there is an overlap between adjacent rows of vias.
  • the offset between adjacent via lines is the same.
  • the offset directions of any two adjacent via lines are the same.
  • the first signal transmission unit is connected to a signal transceiving unit, and the distance between the adjacent first via line and the second via line and the signal transceiving unit is small.
  • the number of via units included in the first via row is less than or equal to the number of via units included in the second via row having a larger distance from the signal transceiving unit.
  • each of the first signal transmission units is composed of two first signal transmission lines, and in the offset direction, the first via unit of the second via line does not exceed The last via unit of the first via row.
  • each of the first signal transmission units is composed of a first signal transmission line, and in the offset direction, the first via unit of the second via line does not exceed a second via unit of the first via row.
  • the transmission rate of the first signal transmission unit is greater than or equal to a predetermined transmission rate
  • the first signal transmission layer is provided with a first region and a second region separated from each other.
  • the first signal transmission unit is disposed in the first area, and the manufacturing method of the circuit board further includes:
  • the third signal transmission unit includes at least one third signal transmission line.
  • the printed circuit board and the method of fabricating the same according to the embodiments of the present invention improve signal transmission quality.
  • 1A-iC are schematic views showing various via lines
  • Figure ID shows a schematic diagram of the offset of the via line in the offset direction
  • Figure 2 is a view showing the distance between the via units and the distance between the via rows in the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figures 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of the parameters ⁇ and ⁇ for determining the offset when the via unit comprises one and two vias.
  • a plurality of via holes on the circuit board are set in a row, and between the plurality of via lines It has a certain offset and a certain overlap, which improves the signal transmission quality.
  • the signal transmission unit is a unit for transmitting signals composed of a signal transmission line, and the number of signal transmission lines in the signal unit depends on a signal format, and a high-speed differential signal such as V"by one, LVDS, Mini LVDS
  • the equal signal transmission unit includes two signal transmission lines; and most of the control signals can be transmitted through one signal transmission line, and the signal transmission unit transmitting the control signal includes a signal transmission line, and Other signals (such as HDMI signals, DVI signals, etc.) need to be transmitted through more than three signal transmission lines, and the signal transmission unit that transmits these signals includes more signal transmission lines.
  • the signal transmission unit is composed of at least one signal transmission line depending on the transmission signal.
  • the via unit is a concept corresponding to the signal transmission unit, and each of the via units corresponds to one signal transmission unit, and includes at least one via hole, wherein the number of the via holes and the corresponding signal transmission unit The number of signal transmission lines is the same.
  • the rows of vias are formed by at least one via unit arranged in a line.
  • the via unit may include one via, and may include two or more vias
  • the via row of the embodiment of the present invention is formed by at least one via unit arranged in a straight line. Indicates that the vias are arranged in a straight line.
  • each of the via units includes two via holes, and the via units (portions surrounded by broken lines in the figure) constituting the via line are located in a straight line, and the via holes are not in a straight line.
  • the via unit includes a plurality of obsolete cells
  • the via cells that make up the pass are on a straight line
  • the overpass can also be on a straight line, as shown in Figure IB.
  • the via unit includes only one via
  • the via unit and the same object are the same.
  • the vias are also in a straight line, as shown in Figure 1C.
  • via rows by at least one via unit arranged in a line indicates that the via units constituting the via line are located on a straight line, rather than forming a via line.
  • the via unit forms a straight line. If a via unit forms a via line, a via unit cannot form a straight line.
  • the offset between the via rows is defined as the distance between the first vias X and U in the via row in the direction of the offset X, ie, Figure 1. A in the middle.
  • the distance between the matching via units distributed in the same via line defines the distance between the via units distributed in the same via line as the adjacent boundary distance of the via unit. As shown in Figure 2, dl l is the distance between the via units.
  • d21 and d22 are the distances between the rows of vias.
  • the circuit board of the embodiment of the present invention includes a first signal transmission layer and a second signal transmission layer, and the circuit board further includes:
  • each of the first signal transmission units including at least one first signal transmission line;
  • the second signal transmission layer corresponds to the plurality of second signal transmission units disposed by the plurality of first signal transmission units, and each of the second signal transmission units includes at least one second signal transmission line; corresponding to each a signal transmission unit corresponding to the provided via unit, wherein the number of the via holes in the via unit is the same as the number of the first signal transmission lines of the corresponding first signal transmission unit;
  • Corresponding first signal transmission unit and second signal transmission unit are formed by corresponding via unit, and the via unit is arranged in at least two rows to form at least two parallel via rows; parallel to the via row In the direction of the adjacent via lines, an offset is formed between the adjacent via lines, and in the direction perpendicular to the line in the first signal transmission layer, there is an intersection between adjacent via lines The part of the stack.
  • the adjacent via lines have a certain offset and a certain overlap. Improve the signal transmission quality, as detailed below.
  • the plurality of via units are scientifically arranged in a row, so that the signal lines in the area are reasonably arranged in a certain layer of the PCB, thereby saving the wiring width, and there is no need for centralized processing due to excessive signal lines in the area, and mutual vias and The wiring is too close, and the reference plane of the signal line is shredded; or the signal is mixed with different kinds of signals, causing mutual interference.
  • Adjacent via rows have a certain offset and a certain overlap, and the wiring space can be reasonably utilized.
  • the vias inside a via row may or may not be in a straight line (such as the via row in FIG. 1A and the partial via row in FIG. 4), in the specific implementation of the present invention. In the example, it is preferred that all the vias inside a via row are in a straight line, which can better improve the signal transmission quality and improve the utilization of the wiring space.
  • the arrangement of the via holes in the circuit board of the embodiment of the present invention will be exemplified as follows in the case where the via unit includes one via hole and includes two via holes.
  • the via arrangement in the circuit board of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Fig. 3A. It can be found that there are a total of 9 vias, which are divided into 3 via rows 301, and each via row includes 3 via units 3011 (each via unit includes 1 via), which is parallel to the In the direction X of the row of holes, an offset is formed between adjacent rows of vias, and in the direction Y of the first signal transmission layer perpendicular to the row of the vias, adjacent via rows There is an overlap between the parts.
  • the via arrangement in the circuit board of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Fig. 3B. It can be found that there are 18 vias in total, which are divided into 3 via rows 302, and each via row includes 3 via units 3021 (each via unit includes 2 vias), which is parallel to the In the direction XI of the row of holes, an offset is formed between adjacent rows of vias, and in the direction Y perpendicular to the row of the vias in the first signal transmission layer, adjacent vias are arranged There are overlapping parts between them.
  • the above description is only taking a specific number of via holes and a specific via unit as an example.
  • the number of via holes and the via unit may be other situations, which are different. for example.
  • the offset between adjacent via rows may be the same, but may be different.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B there is still a bias between two adjacent via rows. The shifts are the same.
  • the offset directions of any two adjacent via lines are the same, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B,
  • the offset directions of any two adjacent via lines are the X direction in the figure.
  • each first signal transmission unit is connected to the via unit, and the other end is connected to a signal transceiver unit.
  • the first via row having a smaller distance from the signal transceiving unit includes a number of via units less than or equal to a larger distance from the signal transceiving unit The number of via units included in the second via row.
  • the number control of the number of via units between different rows ensures that the signal lines are not affected by the excessive number of layers of the vias and the number of signal lines, and the wirings overlap each other or The number of signals of the same type that need to be wired in the same layer is small, and the mutual interference is reduced, so that the same area wiring is not too dense and crosstalk is generated.
  • the via unit includes two vias as an example.
  • a total of 10 via units are included, and each via unit includes 2 vias, which are divided into 3 via lines, and can be found.
  • the lowermost via line is closest to the signal transceiver unit, the middle via line is the second, and the uppermost via line is the farthest from the signal transceiver unit.
  • the number of via units included in the uppermost via line can be found.
  • the maximum number is four, and the lowermost via row and the middle via row include three number of via cells.
  • Signals are densely layered on the PCB, which can degrade the impedance of the area. For example, if the impedance value should be controlled at 50, when the layer is changed, or when the reference plane is suddenly shredded, the segment impedance value will reach 80, 90 or higher. This not only increases the occurrence of non-standard impedance values, but also reduces the specific resistance value of the wiring in the wiring, which hinders signal transmission. This rule reduces the path complexity of the signal passing through this dense area.
  • the signal of the "disorder" of the transceiver unit is "split" to reduce the plane cutting area, so that the reference plane near the transceiver unit is as complete as possible, and the impedance discontinuous area is reduced, thereby reducing signal interference and improving signal quality.
  • a signal transmission unit composed of a signal transmission line and a signal transmission unit composed of two signal transmission lines are further studied as follows for the signal transmission unit most frequently appearing in the circuit board.
  • the corresponding via unit includes two via holes, in the offset direction, The first via unit of the second via row does not exceed the last via unit of the first via row.
  • the first via unit of the middle via row does not exceed the last via unit of the lowermost via row, and the first via line of the uppermost row The via unit does not exceed the last via unit of the middle via row.
  • the circuit board of the embodiment of the invention has better signal transmission quality, wherein: a first connection between the first via unit of the second via line in the offset direction and the last via unit of the first via line in the offset direction
  • the first ray is: a ray having the same direction as the offset direction, starting from the last via unit in the offset direction of the first via row.
  • the angle ⁇ is as follows.
  • the via holes in the circuit board of the embodiment of the present invention have a total of 12 via holes, which are divided into two via rows, and each via row includes three via units. As shown in Figure 5, where:
  • the first line is the line ⁇ in Figure 5 ⁇ , and the first line is the ray CD, and the angle ⁇ is the angle from ⁇ to CD.
  • the corresponding via unit includes a via, and in the offset direction, the second via line One via unit does not exceed the second via unit of the first via row.
  • the first via unit of the middle via row does not exceed the second via unit of the lowermost via row, and the uppermost via row A via unit does not exceed the second via unit of the intermediate via line.
  • the angle ⁇ from the second line to the second ray satisfies: 90° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 145 °
  • the second line is the first via unit of the second via line in the offset direction and the first via line in the offset direction a second line connecting the second via unit, wherein the second ray is: starting with the second via unit in the offset direction of the first via line, the direction is Rays with the same direction of offset.
  • the via holes in the circuit board of the embodiment of the present invention have a total of two via holes, which are divided into two via lines, and each of the via lines includes six via holes. As shown in Figure 5, where:
  • the second line is the line AB in Figure 5 ⁇ , and the second line is the ray CD, and the angle ⁇ is the angle from ⁇ to CD.
  • the angle value reflects the relative position between the changed vias, which also reflects the trace state of the signal lines before and after the layer change. This angle value allows the signal lines to mutually affect other traces of the same kind or different types, and the layers in the layer and the layer after the layer are better routed, reducing signal line crosstalk caused by unreasonable traces, and better. Reasonable use of wiring space.
  • a certain layer of the circuit board needs to receive or send various signals to the outside world, and the transmission rates of the signals are different.
  • the setting of the above-mentioned via unit in the embodiment of the present invention may be only for
  • the high-speed signal transmission unit can also be used only for the low-speed signal transmission unit, and can also be directed to the high-speed signal transmission unit and the low-speed signal transmission unit.
  • the high-speed signal transmission unit and the low-speed signal transmission unit coexist, in the specific embodiment of the present invention, the high-speed signal transmission unit and the low-speed signal transmission unit are arranged in a sub-area, that is, the transmission rate of the first signal transmission unit is greater than or equal to At a predetermined transmission rate, the circuit board includes: a plurality of third signal transmission units disposed in the first signal transmission layer, wherein a transmission rate of the third signal transmission unit is less than the predetermined transmission rate, and each The third signal transmission unit includes at least one third signal transmission line;
  • the first signal transmission layer is provided with a first region and a second region that are isolated from each other, the first signal transmission unit is disposed in the first region, and the third signal transmission unit is disposed in the second region .
  • the signal change layer area is most likely to cause changes in the impedance value of the associated signal line, such as excessive signal in the same area.
  • the domain layer is changed, which is easy to cause the reference plane to be shredded (the change of the surrounding environment of the signal will cause the ffi resistance value of the signal line to change), resulting in discontinuity of the signal line impedance, and the signal line impedance is poor in continuity, which will greatly affect the signal transmission. quality.
  • High-speed differential signals need to follow their own differential line routing rules when the transmission distance is long. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure good impedance continuity and anti-interference, so as to avoid the deterioration of the eye quality of the signal, the eye diagram is closed, and the jitter is increased. Large, narrower eye width, so that the signal receiving end can not receive the signal correctly, resulting in signal loss or misjudgment;
  • the power cable needs to increase its wiring width reasonably. At the same time, it needs to maintain good ffi resistance against continuity and anti-interference when the transmission distance is long, so as to avoid excessive voltage drop of the transmission line, large voltage loss of the transmission line, or power supply. stable.
  • the high-speed and low-speed signals are reasonably distinguished by the regularization of the wiring, and the signal interference between the high-speed signal, the low-speed control signal, and the power source is reduced.
  • this regular branch arrangement makes the same kind of frequency signals are connected to each other relatively smoothly, and saves wiring space; so that different signal lines are well distinguished and do not interfere with each other.
  • each first signal transmission unit is composed of two first signal transmission lines
  • the distance between adjacent vias inside the via unit only needs to be greater than or equal to the minimum pitch of the via according to the design specification.
  • the distance dil between adjacent via units should ensure that at least one signal transmission line can pass through, and there is also a minimum design distance between the signal transmission line and the via hole.
  • the minimum value of the dll should be as follows The sum of the two: The width of a signal transmission line;
  • the minimum design distance between the signal transmission line and the via is 2 times.
  • the minimum distance between adjacent rows of vias depends on the number X of passes through the signal transmission line, which is the sum of the following:
  • X is 3 (in this case, three signal transmission lines can pass between adjacent via lines), otherwise X is 2 (in this case, adjacent via lines can pass between 2 signal transmission lines).
  • each first signal transmission unit is composed of a first signal transmission line
  • case 2 has only two parameters, the distance between adjacent via units distributed in the same via row, and the distance between adjacent via rows.
  • the distance between adjacent via units distributed in the same via row and the distance between adjacent via rows may be designed to be the same, with a pitch to pass signals
  • the number of transmission lines X is the standard, that is, the minimum value common to both is as follows: the sum of the three: the minimum design distance between the signal transmission line and the via;
  • the minimum design distance between the signal transmission lines is twice; and after the via is determined, the layer distribution of the signal transmission lines is also involved.
  • the outermost wiring i.e., the top or bottom layer.
  • the basic signal specification should be met when wiring, and the integrity of the reference plane should be paid attention to, that is, the adjacent layer should have a complete ground plane, not be divided by other signals, and the power line can also be in the outermost layer, far away from the high-speed differential signal. Yes, and low-speed control signal wiring, mostly in the middle layer wiring.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for fabricating a circuit board, where the circuit board includes a first signal transmission layer and a second signal transmission layer, and the method for manufacturing the circuit board includes: a first signal transmission unit forming step, wherein the first signal transmission layer is provided with a plurality of first signal transmission units, each of the first signal transmission units including at least one first signal transmission line;
  • each second signal transmission unit including at least one second Signal transmission line
  • a via unit forming step corresponding to each of the first signal transmission units correspondingly disposed with a via unit, such that the corresponding first signal transmission unit and the second signal transmission unit form an electrical connection through the corresponding via unit, the via hole
  • the number of vias in the cell is the same as the number of first signal transmission lines of the corresponding first signal transmission unit;
  • the via unit is arranged in at least two rows to form at least two via rows;
  • An offset is formed between adjacent rows of vias in a direction parallel to the row of vias, and adjacent in the direction perpendicular to the row of vias in the first signal transmission layer There are overlapping parts between the rows of holes.
  • the offset between adjacent via lines is the same.
  • the first signal transmission unit is connected to a signal transceiving unit, and the distance between the adjacent first via line and the second via line and the signal transceiving unit is small.
  • the number of via units included in the first via row is less than or equal to the number of via units included in the second via row having a larger distance from the signal transceiving unit.
  • each of the first signal transmission units is composed of two first signal transmission lines, and in the offset direction, the first via unit of the second via line does not exceed The last via unit of the first via row.
  • each of the first signal transmission units is composed of a first signal transmission line, and in the offset direction, the first via unit of the second via line does not exceed a second via unit of the first via row.
  • the transmission rate of the first signal transmission unit is greater than or equal to a predetermined transmission rate, and the first signal transmission layer is provided with a first region and a second region separated from each other.
  • the first signal transmission unit is disposed in the first area, the circuit board
  • the production method also includes:
  • the third signal transmission unit includes at least one third signal transmission line.
  • the main points of the circuit board of the embodiment of the present invention include the following aspects:
  • a via line arranged in a "parallelogram" manner as shown in FIG. 3B is formed;
  • the via hole is divided into three rows, and the via holes in the via row far from the signal transceiving unit are relatively more or the same with respect to the via row closer to the signal transceiving unit.
  • the wiring of the high-speed signal transmission unit can be performed
  • Wiring for the power line can be on the same layer as the high-speed signal transmission unit, and the high-speed signal transmission unit can exceed the predetermined distance;
  • a via line arranged in a "parallelogram" manner as shown in FIG. 3A is formed; wherein the via hole is divided into three rows, relative to the via line row closer to the signal transceiving unit, The vias in the via line that are farther from the signal transceiving unit are relatively more or the same.
  • the third floor is completely paved.

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Abstract

公开了一种电路板及其制作方法,该电路板包括第一信号传输层和第二信号传输层,所述电路板还包括:设置于所述第一信号传输层的多个第一信号传输单元;在所述第二信号传输层对应于所述多个第一信号传输单元设置的多个第二信号传输单元;对应于每一个第一信号传输单元对应设置的过孔单元(3011),其中:对应的第一信号传输单元和第二信号传输单元通过对应的过孔单元(3011)形成电连接;所述过孔单元(3011)分为至少两行排列,形成至少两个过孔行(301);在平行于所述过孔行(301)的方向上,相邻的过孔行(301)之间形成一偏移,且在所述第一信号传输层内垂直于所述过孔行(301)的方向上,相邻的过孔行(301)之间存在交叠的部分。提高了电路板的信号传输质量。

Description

种电路板及其制作方法
Figure imgf000003_0001
当代市场对显示领域产品的需求进一步朝大尺寸、高速率和超高清发展。 这势必要求更高密度、 更高速度的印刷电路板。
信号在印刷电路板上的传输质量直接影响印刷电路板产品的性能。 在高 速印刷电路板中, 很多的信号都需要在多个信号传输层进行传递。 当信号需 要在多个信号传输层进行传递时,则需要在不同的信号传输层之间设置过孔, 通过过孔连接位于不同信号传输层的信号传输单元, 以连续传递信号。
由于现有的印刷电路板上需要传输的信号越来越多, 因此, 印刷电路板 上上的过孔也越来越多, 此时, 过孔设计的不合理将大大影响信号的传输质 量, 同时也导致有限的布线空间无法得到有效的利用。
本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种电路板及其制作方法, 提高信号传输 质量。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明实施例提供了一种电路板, 包括第一信号传 输层和第二信号传输层, 所述电路板还包括;
设置于所述第一信号传输层的多个第一信号传输单元, 每个第一信号传 输单元包括至少一根第一信号传输线;
在所述第二信号传输层对应于所述多个第一信号传输单元设置的多个第 二信号传输单元, 每个第二信号传输单元包括至少一根第二信号传输线; 对应于每一个第一信号传输单元对应设置的过孔单元, 所述过孔单元中 过孔的数量与对应的第一信号传输单元的第一信号传输线的数量相同;
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对应的第一信号传输单元和第二信号传输单元通过对应的过孔单元形成 电连接;
所述过孔单元分为至少两行排列, 形成至少两个平行的过孔行; 在平行于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间形成一偏移, 且在所 述第一信号传输层内垂直于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间存在交 叠的部分。
上述的电路板, 其中, 相邻的过孔行之间的偏移量相同。
上述的电路板, 其中, 任意相邻的两个过孔行的偏移方向相同。
上述的电路板, 其中, 所述第一信号传输单元与一信号收发单元连接, 相邻的第一过孔行和第二过孔行中, 与所述信号收发单元的距离较小的所述 第一过孔行所包括的过孔单元的数量小于或等于与所述信号收发单元的距离 较大的所述第二过孔行所包括的过孔单元的数量。
上述的电路板, 其中, 每一个第一信号传输单元由两根第一信号传输线 组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的第一个过孔单元不超过所述第 一过孔行的最后一个过孔单元。
上述的电路板, 其中, 从第一连线到第一射线的夹角 a满足: 90 ° < α <145 ° , 所述第一连线为所述第二过孔行在所述偏移方向上的第一个过孔单 元和所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的最后一个过孔单元之间的连线, 所 述第一射线为: 以所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的最后一个过孔单元为 起点, 方向与所述偏移方向相同的射线。
上述的电路板, 其中, 每一个第一信号传输单元由一根第一信号传输线 组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的第一个过孔单元不超过所述第 一过孔行的第二个过孔单元。
上述的电路板, 其中, 从第二连线到第二射线的夹角. β满足: 90 ° < β <145 ° , 所述第二连线为所述第二过孔行在所述偏移方向上的第一个过孔单 元和所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的第二个过孔单元之间的连线, 所述 第二射线为: 以所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的第二个过孔单元为起点, 方向与所述偏移方向相同的射线。
上述的电路板, 其中, 所述第一信号传输单元的传输速率大于或等于预 定的传输速率, 所述电路板中包括: 设置于所述第一信号传输层的多个第三信号传输单元, 所述第三信号传 输单元的传输速率小于所述预定的传输速率, 每个第三信号传输单元包括至 少一根第三信号传输线;
所述第一信号传输层上设置有相互隔离的第一区域和第二区域, 所述第 一信号传输单元设置于所述第一区域, 所述第三信号传输单元设置于所述第 二区域。
为了实现上述目的, 本发明实施例还提供了一种电路板的制作方法, 所 述电路板包括第一信号传输层和第二信号传输层, 所述电路板的制作方法包 括:
第一信号传输单元形成步骤, 在所述第一信号传输层设置有多个第一信 号传输单元, 每个第一信号传输单元包括至少一根第一信号传输线;
第二信号传输单元形成步骤, 在所述第二信号传输层对应于所述多个第 一信号传输单元设置有多个第二信号传输单元, 每个第二信号传输单元包括 至少一根第二信号传输线;
过孔单元形成步骤, 对应于每一个第一信号传输单元对应设置一过孔单 元, 使得对应的第一信号传输单元和第二信号传输单元通过对应的过孔单元 形成电连接, 所述过孔单元中过孔的数量与对应的第一信号传输单元的第一 信号传输线的数量相同;
所述过孔单元分为至少两行排列, 形成至少两个平行的过孔行; 在平行于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间形成一偏移, 且在所 述第一信号传输层内垂直于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间存在交 叠的部分。
上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 相邻的过孔行之间的偏移量相同。 上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 任意相邻的两个过孔行的偏移方向相 同。
上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 所述第一信号传输单元与一信号收发 单元连接, 相邻的第一过孔行和第二过孔行中, 与所述信号收发单元的距离 较小的所述第一过孔行所包括的过孔单元的数量小于或等于与所述信号收发 单元的距离较大的所述第二过孔行所包括的过孔单元的数量。 上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 每一个第一信号传输单元由两根第一 信号传输线组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的第一个过孔单元不 超过所述第一过孔行的最后一个过孔单元。
上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 每一个第一信号传输单元由一根第一 信号传输线组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的第一个过孔单元不 超过所述第一过孔行的第二个过孔单元。
上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 所述第一信号传输单元的传输速率大 于或等于预定的传输速率, 所述第一信号传输层上设置有相互隔离的第一区 域和第二区域, 所述第一信号传输单元设置于所述第一区域, 所述的电路板 的制作方法还包括:
第三信号传输单元形成步骤, 在所述第一信号传输层的所述第二区域形 成多个第三信号传输单元, 所述第三信号传输单元的传输速率小于所述预定 的传输速率, 每个第三信号传输单元包括至少一根第三信号传输线。
本发明实施例的印刷电路板及其制作方法提高了信号传输质量。
图 1A- iC表示各种过孔行的示意图;
图 ID表示过孔行在偏移方向上的偏移量的示意图;
图 2表示本发明实施例中用于描述过孔单元之间的距离以及过孔行之间 的距离的示意图;
图 3A和 3B为 中过孔单元包括一个和两个过孔时, 过孔 图 4为本发明实施例
Figure imgf000006_0001
况的影响的示意图
图 5A和 5B为 中过孔单元包括一个和两个过孔时, )¾于确 定偏移量的参数 α和 β的示意图。
本发明实施例中, 将电路板上的多个过孔分行设置, 且多个过孔行之间 具有一定的偏移的同时具有一定的交叠, 提高了信号传输质量。
在对本发明实施例进行详细说明之前, 先对本发明实施例涉及到的概念 说明如下, 以便于更好的理解本发明实施例。 在本发明的具体实施例中, 信号传输单元是由信号传输线组成的^于传 递信号的单元, 信号单元中信号传输线的数量取决于信号格式, 高速差分信 号如 V"by one、 LVDS、 Mini LVDS等均成对传输, 则对应的信号传输单元包 括两根信号传输线;而绝大部分的控制信号都可以通过一根信号传输线传输, 则传输控制信号的信号传输单元则包括一根信号传输线, 而其他的信号 (如 HDMI信号、 DVI信号等) 则需要通过三根以上的信号传输线传输, 则传输 这些信号的信号传输单元包括更多的信号传输线。
也就是说, 根据传输信号的不同, 信号传输单元是由至少一根信号传输 线组成。
平兀
本发明具体实施例中, 过孔单元是与信号传输单元对应的一个概念, 每 一个过孔单元与一个信号传输单元对应, 其包括至少一个过孔, 其中过孔的 数量与对应的信号传输单元的信号传输线数量相同。 本发明具体实施例中, 过孔行由排列在一条直线上的至少一个过孔单元 形成。
对于上述的定义进一歩解释如下。
其中, 由于过孔单元可以包括一个过孔, 也可能包括两个甚至更多的过 孔, 因此, 本发明实施例的过孔行由排列在一条直线上的至少一个过孔单元 形成并不必然表明过孔排列在一条直线上。
如图 1A所示, 其中每一个过孔单元包括两个过孔, 而组成过孔行的过 孔单元(图中虛线包围的部分)位于一条直线上, 而过孔并不在一条直线上。
当然, 当过孔单元包括多个过 时, 组成过 行的过孔单元 (图中虚线 包围的部分) 位于一条直线上, 而过 也可以在一条直线上, 如图 IB所示。
当过孔单元仅包括一个过孔时, 此时过孔单元和过 是同一对象, 这种 情况下, 过孔也在一条直线上, 如图 1 C所示。
同时, 还应当说明的是, 过孔行由排列在一条直线上的至少一个过孔单 元形成表明的含义是: 组成过孔行的过孔单元位于一条直线上, 而不是说组 成过孔行的过孔单元形成了一条直线, 如一个过孔单元组成一个过孔行时, 一个过孔单元就无法形成一条直线。
过孑 L行在偏移方向上的偏移量
如图 ID所示, 其中包括两个过孔行, 过孔行之间的偏移定义为过孔行 中的第一个过孔 X和 U在偏移方向 X方向上的距离, 即图 1中的 A。
分布于同一过孔行的相领过孔单元之间的距离 定义分布于同一过孔行的过孔单元之间的距离为过孔单元的相邻边界距 离。 如图 2, 其中的 dl l为过孔单元之间的距离。
相邻过孔行之间的距离
定义过孔行之间的距离为过孔行的相邻边界之间的距离。 如图 2所示, 其中的 d21和 d22为过孔行之间的距离。
以下结合上述的概念对本发明实施例进行详细说明如下。
本发明具体实施例的电路板, 包括第一信号传输层和第二信号传输层, 所述电路板还包括:
设置于所述第一信号传输层的多个第一信号传输单元, 每个第一信号传 输单元包括至少一根第一信号传输线;
在所述第二信号传输层对应于所述多个第一信号传输单元设置的多个第 二信号传输单元, 每个第二信号传输单元包括至少一根第二信号传输线; 对应于每一个第一信号传输单元对应设置的过孔单元, 所述过孔单元中 过孔的数量与对应的第一信号传输单元的第一信号传输线的数量相同;
其巾:
对应的第一信号传输单元和第二信号传输单元通过对应的过孔单元形成 所述过孔单元分为至少两行排列, 形成至少两个平行的过孔行; 在平行于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间形成一偏移, 且在所 述第一信号传输层内垂直于所述过 行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间存在交 叠的部分。
本发明实施例的电路板中, 由于将多个过孔单元分行排布, 且形成的多 个过孔行中, 相邻的过孔行之间具有一定偏移的同时具有一定的交叠, 提高 了信号传输质量, 详细说明如下。
将多个过孔单元科学地分行排布, 使该区域信号线合理地在 PCB某层排 布, 节省布线宽度, 且不会因为该区域信号线过多需要集中处理, 而相互间 过孔与走线过近, 而割碎信号线的参考平面; 或是夹杂着不同种信号换层, 造成相互千扰。
相邻的过孔行之间具有一定偏移的同时具有一定的交叠, 也能够合理的 利用布线空间走线。
之前提到, 一个过孔行内部的过孔可能在一条直线上, 也可能不在一条 直线上 (如图 1A中的过孔行和图 4中的部分过孔行), 在本发明的具体实施 例中, 优选一个过孔行内部的所有的过孔都在一条直线上, 能够更好的提高 信号传输质量, 提高布线空间的利用率。
下面以过孔单元包括一个过孔和包括两个过孔的情况对本发明实施例的 电路板中的过孔的排布举例说明如下。
过孔单元包括一个过孔时,本发明实施例的电路板中的过孔排布如图 3A 所示。 可以发现, 其中一共有 9个过孔, 分为 3个过孔行 301, 每个过孔行 包括 3个过孔单元 3011 (每个过孔单元包括 1个过孔), 其中在平行于所述 过孔行的方向 X上, 相邻的过孔行之间形成一偏移, 且在所述第一信号传输 层内垂直于所述过孔行的方向 Y上, 相邻的过孔行之间存在交叠的部分。
过孔单元包括两个过孔时, 本发明实施例的电路板中的过孔排布如图 3B 所示。 可以发现, 其中一共有 18个过孔, 分为 3个过孔行 302, 每个过孔行 包括 3个过孔单元 3021 (每个过孔单元包括 2个过孔), 其中在平行于所述 过孔行的方向 X I, 相邻的过孔行之间形成一偏移, 且在所述第一信号传输 层内垂直于所述过孔行的方向 Y上, 相邻的过孔行之间存在交叠的部分。
当然, 以上仅仅是以特定过孔数量和特定的过孔单元为例进行了说明, 但本发明实施例的电路板中, 过孔数量和过孔单元还可以是其它的情况, 在 此不 一举例说明。 在本发明的具体实施例中, 相邻的过孔行之间的偏移量可以相同, 但也 可以不同, 图 3A和图 3B中, 仍以两个相邻的过孔行之间的偏移量都相同。
同时, 在本发明的具体实施例中, 为了更好的进行布线, 并降低信号之 间的串扰, 任意相邻的两个过孔行的偏移方向相同, 如图 3A和 3B所示, 其 中任意相邻的两个过孔行的偏移方向都为图中的 X方向。
在本发明的具体实施例中, 每一个第一信号传输单元的一端与过孔单元 连接, 而另一端均与一信号收发单元连接, 为了更好的保证信号质量, 其中: 相邻的第一过孔行和第二过孔行中, 与所述信号收发单元的距离较小的所述 第一过孔行所包括的过孔单元的数量小于或等于与所述信号收发单元的距离 较大的所述第二过孔行所包括的过孔单元的数量。
本发明实施例中, 通过不同行之间的过孔单元的数量控制既保证不因换 层过孔与信号线数量单层过多而影响其他信号线走线, 又使布线时相互交叠 或是需同层布线的同种信号数量较小, 减少自身相互间的干扰, 使同区域布 线不会过于密集而产生串扰。
如图 4所示, 以过孔单元包括两个过孔为例, 图 4中一共包括 10个过孔 单元, 每个过孔单元包括 2个过孔, 分为 3个过孔行, 可以发现其中最下方 的过孔行距离信号收发单元最近, 中间的过孔行次之, 最上方的过孔行距离 信号收发单元最远, 则可以发现, 最上方的过孔行包括的过孔单元数量最多, 为 4个, 而最下方的过孔行和中间的过孔行包括的过孔单元数量均为 3个。
信号在 PCB密集换层, 会使该区域阻抗变差。 如, 本应控制在 50的阻 抗值, 在换层时, 或者参考平面突然被割碎时, 区段阻抗值会达到 80、 90或 是更高。 这样既增加了非标准阻抗值的出现, 也使标准阻抗值在布线的比重 降低, 使信号传输受到阻碍。 此规律可使此密集区域信号通过的路径复杂性 降低。 将本在收发单元 近 "杂乱"的信号 "分流", 减少平面割碎区域, 使 收发单元附近的参考平面尽量完整, 减少阻抗不连续区域, 从而降低了信号 千扰, 提高了信号质量。
在本发明的具体实施例中, 针对电路板中最经常出现的信号传输单元, 由一根信号传输线组成的信号传输单元和 两根信号传输线组成的信号传输 单元进一步研究如下。 在本发明具体实施例中, 当每一个第一信号传输单元由两根第一信号传 输线组成, 这种情况下, 对应的过孔单元包括两个过孔, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的第一个过孔单元不超过所述第一过孔行的最后一个过孔单 元。
结合图 3B所示, 可以发现在 X方向上, 中间的过孔行的第一个过孔单 元不超过最下边的过孔行的最后一个过孔单元, 而最上边的过孔行的第一个 过孔单元不超过中间的过孔行的最后一个过孔单元。
上述汉仅给出了一个大致的范围, 但在本发明具体实施例中, 为了提高 信号传输质量, 更好的利^有限的布线空间, 通过发明人不断地摸索和总结, 在付出了大量创造性劳动的情况下, 认为: 丛第一连线到第一射线的夹角 α 满足: 90° ≤α145 ° 时, 本发明实施例的电路板具有较好的信号传输质量, 其中: 所述第一连线为所述第二过孔行在所述偏移方向上的第一个过孔单元 和所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的最后一个过孔单元之间的连线, 所述 第一射线为: 以所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的最后一个过孔单元为起 点, 方向与所述偏移方向相同的射线。
结合图 5Α, 对其中的夹角 α如下。
如图 5Α所示, 本发明实施例的电路板中的过孔一共有 12个过孔, 分为 两个过孔行, 每个过孔行包括 3个过孔单元。 如图 5Α所示, 其中:
第一连线为图 5Α中的连线 ΑΒ ,而第一射线为射线 CD,夹角 α为从 ΑΒ 到 CD的夹角。
而当每一个第一信号传输单元由一根第一信号传输线组成,这种情况下, 对应的过孔单元包括一个过孔, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的第一 个过孔单元不超过所述第一过孔行的第二个过孔单元。
结合图 3A所示, 可以发现在 X方向上, 中间的过孔行的第一个过孔单 元不超过最下边的过孔行的第二个过孔单元, 而最上边的过孔行的第一个过 孔单元不超过中间的过孔行的第二个过孔单元。
上述仅仅给出了一个大致的范围, 但在本发明具体实施例中, 为了提髙 信号传输质量, 更好的利 ^有限的布线空间, 通过发明人不断地摸索和总结, 在付出了大量创造性劳动的情况下, 从第二连线到第二射线的夹角 β满足: 90° ≤β≤145 ° ,所述第二连线为所述第二过孔行在所述偏移方向上的第一个 过孔单元和所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的第二个过孔单元之间的连 线, 所述第二射线为: 以所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的第二个过孔单 元为起点, 方向与所述偏移方向相同的射线。
结合图 5B, 对其中的夹角 β说明如下。
如图 5Β所示, 本发明实施例的电路板中的过孔一共有〗 2个过孔, 分为 两个过孔行, 每个过孔行包括 6个过孔。 如图 5Β所示, 其中:
第二连线为图 5Β中的连线 AB, 而第二射线为射线 CD, 夹角 β为从 ΑΒ 到 CD的夹角。
夹角值反应的是换层过孔间的相对位置, 从而也反应了换层前后信号线 的走线状态。 此夹角值使信号线可以相互不影响其他同种或不同种走线, 在 本层和换层后的层更好地进行布线, 减少因走线不合理造成的信号线串扰, 同时更好地合理利用布线空间。
一般而言, 在电路板的某一层需要从外界接收或者向外界发送各种各样 的信号, 而这些信号的传输速率各不相同, 本发明实施例的上述过孔单元的 设置可以仅针对高速信号传输单元, 也可以仅针对低速信号传输单元, 还可 以同时针对高速信号传输单元和低速信号传输单元。
当高速信号传输单元和低速信号传输单元共同存在时, 本发明具体实施 例中, 高速信号传输单元和低速信号传输单元分区域排布, 即: 所述第一信 号传输单元的传输速率大于或等于预定的传输速率时, 所述电路板中包括: 设置于所述第一信号传输层的多个第三信号传输单元, 所述第三信号传 输单元的传输速率小于所述预定的传输速率, 每个第三信号传输单元包括至 少一根第三信号传输线;
所述第一信号传输层上设置有相互隔离的第一区域和第二区域, 所述第 一信号传输单元设置于所述第一区域, 所述第三信号传输单元设置于所述第 二区域。
通过上述的分区隔离排列, 不但提髙了信号传输质量, 同时还能够保证 信号走线区域有比较完整的参考地平面, 详细说明如下。
信号换层区域最易造成相关信号线的阻抗值变化, 如过多信号在同一区 域换层, 易造成参考平面割碎 (信号周围环境的变化会导致信号线的 ffi抗值 变化), 导致信号线阻抗不连续, 而信号线阻抗连续性较差, 会很大程度影响 信号传输质量。
高速差分信号在传输距离较长时, 需要遵循自身的差分线布线规则, 同 时还需要保证很好的阻抗连续性与抗干扰性, 以免造成信号的眼图质量变差, 眼图闭合, 抖动增大, 眼宽变窄, 使信号接收端不能正确接收信号, 导致信 号丢失或是误判;
低速控制信号在传输距离较长时, 如没能保持很好的阻抗连续性与抗干 扰性, 会造成信号的延时与形变;
电源线需要合理加大其布线宽度, 同时还需要在传输距离较长时, 保持 很好的 ffi抗连续性与抗干扰性, 以免造成传输线压降过大, 传输线电压损失 较大, 或供电不稳定。
而本发明具体实施例中, 通过走线规律化, 高速低速信号合理的区分, 降低了高速信号, 低速控制信号、 电源等相互间信号干扰。
同时这种规律性的分行排布使同种频率信号相互连接较为通畅, 且节省 布线空间; 使不同信号线之间很好的区分, 互不干扰。
以下以更加具体的示例对本发明实施例的电路板中的过孔排布作进一步 说明。
以上详细说明了过孔行之间的偏移以及偏移程度, 但过孔的设计还包括 其他的内容, 对此结合附图分两种情况说明如下。
情况一; 每一个第一信号传输单元由两根第一信号传输线组成
结合图 2所示, 其中过孔的分布还应该涉及到如下的 3个参数:
过孔单元内部的相邻过孔之间的距离 (图中未示出)
过孔单元内部的相邻过孔之间的距离只需要按照设计规范大于或等于过 孔最小间距即可。
2、 分布于同一过孔行的相邻过孔单元之间的距离(ill
在本发明的具体实施例中, 相邻过孔单元之间的距离 dil应该保证能够 通过至少一根信号传输线, 同时信号传输线与过孔之间也有一个最小设计距 离, dll的最小值应该为如下二者的和值: 一条信号传输线的宽度; 以及
信号传输线与过孔之间的最小设计距离的 2倍。
3、 相邻过孔行之间的距离 d2】M22
在本发明的具体实施例中, 相邻过孔行之间的距离的最小值取决于通过 信号传输线的数量 X, 为如下 3者的和值:
信号传输线与过孔之间的最小设计距离的 2倍;
一条信号传输线的宽度的 X倍; 以及
信号传输线之间的最小设计距离的 Y倍;
Y=X- 1。
结合图 5Α所示, 当 α为 90度时, X为 3 (此时相邻过孔行之间可以通 过 3条信号传输线), 否则 X为 2 (此时相邻过孔行之间可以通过 2条信号传 输线)。
情况二; 每一个第一信号传输单元由一根第一信号传输线组成
相对于情况一而言, 情况二只有两个参数, 即分布于同一过孔行的相邻 过孔单元之间的距离, 以及相邻过孔行之间的距离。
在本发明的具体实施例中, 对于情况二, 分布于同一过孔行的相邻过孔 单元之间的距离以及相邻过孔行之间的距离可以设计为相同, 间距以可以通 过的信号传输线的数量 X为准, 即二者共同的最小值如下 3者的和值: 信号传输线与过孔之间的最小设计距离的 2倍;
一条信号传输线的宽度的 X倍; 以及
信号传输线之间的最小设计距离的 Υ倍; 而在过孔确定之后, 还涉及到信号传输线的层分布, 在本发明的具体实 施例中, 推荐最外层布线, 即顶层或底层。 布线时需满足基本的信号规范, 且注意参考平面的完整性, 即相邻层要有完整的地平面, 不要被其他信号分 割, 而电源线也可在最外层, 距离高速差分信号较远即可, 而低速控制信号 布线, 大多在中间层布线。
本发明实施例同时还提供了一种电路板的制作方法, 所述电路板包括第 一信号传输层和第二信号传输层, 所述电路板的制作方法包括: 第一信号传输单元形成步骤, 在所述第一信号传输层设置有多个第一信 号传输单元, 每个第一信号传输单元包括至少一根第一信号传输线;
第二信号传输单元形成步骤, 在所述第二信号传输层对应于所述多个第 一信号传输单元设置有多个第二信号传输单元, 每个第二信号传输单元包括 至少一根第二信号传输线;
过孔单元形成步骤, 对应于每一个第一信号传输单元对应设置一过孔单 元, 使得对应的第一信号传输单元和第二信号传输单元通过对应的过孔单元 形成电连接, 所述过孔单元中过孔的数量与对应的第一信号传输单元的第一 信号传输线的数量相同;
所述过孔单元分为至少两行排列, 形成至少两个过孔行;
在平行于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间形成一偏移, 且在所 述第一信号传输层内垂直于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间存在交 叠的部分。
上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 相邻的过孔行之间的偏移量相同。 上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 任意相邻的两个过孔行的偏移方向相 f =]j。
上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 所述第一信号传输单元与一信号收发 单元连接, 相邻的第一过孔行和第二过孔行中, 与所述信号收发单元的距离 较小的所述第一过孔行所包括的过孔单元的数量小于或等于与所述信号收发 单元的距离较大的所述第二过孔行所包括的过孔单元的数量。
上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 每一个第一信号传输单元由两根第一 信号传输线组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的第一个过孔单元不 超过所述第一过孔行的最后一个过孔单元。
上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 每一个第一信号传输单元由一根第一 信号传输线组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的第一个过孔单元不 超过所述第一过孔行的第二个过孔单元。
上述的电路板的制作方法, 其中, 所述第一信号传输单元的传输速率大 于或等于预定的传输速率, 所述第一信号传输层上设置有相互隔离的第一区 域和第二区域, 所述第一信号传输单元设置于所述第一区域, 所述的电路板 的制作方法还包括:
第三信号传输单元形成步骤, 在所述第一信号传输层的所述第二区域形 成多个第三信号传输单元, 所述第三信号传输单元的传输速率小于所述预定 的传输速率, 每个第三信号传输单元包括至少一根第三信号传输线。
依据如上所述的一些准则, 以 4层电路板为例, 本发明实施例的电路板 的要点包括如下几个方面:
首先针对高速信号, 如高速差分信号 Mim LVDS, 在选好叠层与计算好 线宽情况下, 什算过孔间距后, 形成如图 3B所示的 "平行四边形 "方式排列 的过孔行; 其中, 过孔分为三行, 相对于距离信号收发单元较近的过孔行而 言, 距离信号收发单元较远的过孔行中的过孔相对较多或相同。
过孔确定后, 即可进行高速信号传输单元的布线;
针对电源线进行布线, 可与高速信号传输单元在同一层, 距离高速信号 传输单元超过预定距离即可;
针对低速信号的过孔排列, 形成如图 3A所示的 "平行四边形"方式排 列的过孔行; 其中, 过孔分为三行, 相对于距离信号收发单元较近的过孔行 而言, 距离信号收发单元较远的过孔行中的过孔相对较多或相同。
第三层完全铺地。
当然, 上述的参数在设计阶段都可以依据仿真进行微调。
显然, 本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本 发明的精神和范围。 这样, 倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要 求及其等同技术的范围之内, 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims

1 . 一种电路板, 包括第一信号传输层和第二信号传输层, 其特征在于, 所述电路板还包括:
设置于所述第一信号传输层的多个第一信号传输单元, 每个第一信号传 输单元包括至少一根第一信号传输线;
在所述第二信号传输层对应于所述多个第一信号传输单元设置的多个第 二信号传输单元, 每个第二信号传输单元包括至少一根第二信号传输线; 对应于每一个第一信号传输单元对应设置的过孔单元, 所述过孔单元中 过孔的数量与对应的第一信号传输单元的第一信号传输线的数量相同;
其中:
对应的第一信号传输单元和第二信号传输单元通过对应的过孔单元形成 电连接;
所述过孔单元分为至少两行排列, 形成至少两个平行的过孔行; 在平行于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间形成一偏移, 且在所 述第一信号传输层内垂直于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间存在交 叠的部分。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的电路板, 其特征在于, 相邻的过孔行之间的偏 移量相同。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的电路板, 其特征在于, 任意相邻的两个过 孔行的偏移方向相同。
4. 根据权利要求 1至 3中任一项所述的电路板, 其特征在于, 所述第一 信号传输单元与一信号收发单元连接, 相邻的第一过孔行和第二过孔行中, 与所述信号收发单元的距离较小的所述第一过孔行所包括的过孔单元的数量 小于或等于与所述信号收发单元的距离较大的所述第二过孔行所包括的过孔 单元的数量。
5. 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的电路板, 其特征在于, 每一个第一信号传 输单元 两根第一信号传输线组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的 第一个过孔单元不超过所述第一过孔行的最后一个过孔单元。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的电路板, 其特征在于, 从第一连线到第一射线 的夹角 a满足: 90 ° < a <145 Q , 所述第一连线为所述第二过孔行在所述偏移 方向上的第一个过孔单元和所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的最后一个过 孔单元之间的连线, 所述第一射线为: 以所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上 的最后一个过孔单元为起点, 方向与所述偏移方向相同的射线。
7. 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的电路板, 其特征在于, 每一个第一信号传 输单元由一根第一信号传输线组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所述第二过孔行的 第一个过孔单元不超过所述第一过孔行的第二个过孔单元。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的电路板, 其特征在于, 从第二连线到第二射线 的夹角 β满足: 90 ° < β <145 ° , 所述第二连线为所述第二过孔行在所述偏移 方向上的第一个过孔单元和所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的第二个过孔 单元之间的连线, 所述第二射线为: 以所述第一过孔行在所述偏移方向上的 第二个过孔单元为起点, 方向与所述偏移方向相同的射线。
9. 根据权利要求 1 8中任意一项所述的电路板, 其特征在于, 所述第一 信号传输单元的传输速率大于或等于预定的传输速率, 所述电路板中包括: 设置于所述第一信号传输层的多个第三信号传输单元, 所述第三信号传 输单元的传输速率小于所述预定的传输速率, 每个第三信号传输单元包括至 少一根第三信号传输线;
所述第一信号传输层上设置有相互隔离的第一区域和第二区域, 所述第 一信号传输单元设置于所述第一区域, 所述第三信号传输单元设置于所述第 二区域。
10. 一种电路板的制作方法, 所述电路板包括第一信号传输层和第二信 号传输层, 其特征在于, 所述电路板的制作方法包括:
第一信号传输单元形成步骤, 在所述第一信号传输层设置有多个第一信 号传输单元, 每个第一信号传输单元包括至少一根第一信号传输线;
第二信号传输单元形成步骤, 在所述第二信号传输层对应于所述多个第 一信号传输单元设置有多个第二信号传输单元, 每个第二信号传输单元包括 至少一根第二信号传输线;
过孔单元形成步骤, 对应于每一个第一信号传输单元对应设置一过孔单 元, 使得对应的第一信号传输单元和第二信号传输单元通过对应的过孔单元 形成电连接, 所述过孔单元中过孔的数量与对应的第一信号传输单元的第一 信号传输线的数量相同;
所述过孔单元分为至少两行排列, 形成至少两个平行的过孔行; 在平行于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间形成一偏移, 且在所 述第一信号传输层内垂直于所述过孔行的方向上, 相邻的过孔行之间存在交 叠的部分。
11. 根据权利要求 10所述的电路板的制作方法, 其特征在于, 相邻的过 孔行之间的偏移量相同。
12. 根据权利要求 10或 11所述的电路板的制作方法, 其特征在于, 任 意相邻的两个过孔行的偏移方向相同。
13. 根据权利要求 10至 12中任一项所述的电路板的制作方法, 其特征 在于, 所述第一信号传输单元与一信号收发单元连接, 相邻的第一过孔行和 第二过孔行中, 与所述信号收发单元的距离较小的所述第一过孔行所包括的 过孔单元的数量小于或等于与所述信号收发单元的距离较大的所述第二过孔 行所包括的过孔单元的数量。
14. 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的电路板的制作方法, 其特征在于, 每 一个第一信号传输单元由两根第一信号传输线组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所 述第二过孔行的第一个过孔单元不超过所述第一过孔行的最后一个过孔单 元。
15. 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的电路板的制作方法, 其特征在于, 每 一个第一信号传输单元由一根第一信号传输线组成, 在所述偏移方向上, 所 述第二过孔行的第一个过孔单元不超过所述第一过孔行的第二个过孔单元。
16. 根据权利要求 10-15中任意一项所述的电路板的制作方法,其特征在 于, 所述第一信号传输单元的传输速率大于或等于预定的传输速率, 所述第 一信号传输层上设置有相互隔离的第一区域和第二区域, 所述第一信号传输 单元设置于所述第一区域, 所述的电路板的制作方法还包括:
第三信号传输单元形成步骤, 在所述第一信号传输层的所述第二区域形 成多个第三信号传输单元, 所述第三信号传输单元的传输速率小于所述预定
18
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