WO2015089965A1 - 显示基板及其制作方法、触摸屏和显示装置 - Google Patents

显示基板及其制作方法、触摸屏和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015089965A1
WO2015089965A1 PCT/CN2014/075660 CN2014075660W WO2015089965A1 WO 2015089965 A1 WO2015089965 A1 WO 2015089965A1 CN 2014075660 W CN2014075660 W CN 2014075660W WO 2015089965 A1 WO2015089965 A1 WO 2015089965A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
display
touch
electric field
substrate
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PCT/CN2014/075660
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦纬
赵家阳
邹祥祥
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US14/415,853 priority Critical patent/US9529483B2/en
Publication of WO2015089965A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015089965A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0445—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using two or more layers of sensing electrodes, e.g. using two layers of electrodes separated by a dielectric layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/16—Materials and properties conductive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04103—Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of touch screen technologies, and in particular, to a display substrate and a method for fabricating the same, a touch screen including the display substrate, and a display device. Background technique
  • the touch screen is easy to use compared to traditional keyboard and mouse input methods.
  • capacitive in-cell touch screen technology is widely used. This is because the capacitive in-cell touch screen can be lighter and thinner than other touch screens, and the process is reduced, so that touch can be realized. Reduce costs while integrating integration.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a capacitive in-cell touch panel in the prior art.
  • the touch panel includes a backlight 15, a lower glass substrate 16 formed on the backlight 15, a thin film transistor 24 formed on the lower glass substrate 16, a pixel electrode 19 formed on the thin film transistor 24, and a common electrode.
  • the upper glass substrate 20 disposed opposite to the lower glass substrate 16, the color film 22 and the black matrix 23 formed on the side (ie, the inner side) of the upper glass substrate 20 opposite to the lower glass substrate 16, and formed on the upper glass substrate
  • the common electrode 17 and the transparent electrode 21 form a touch capacitor, the common electrode 17 serves as a first pole of the touch capacitor, and the transparent electrode 21 serves as a second pole of the touch capacitor.
  • a touch electric field is formed between the first pole and the second pole of the touch capacitor.
  • the touch electric field is changed so that the second pole of the touch capacitor generates an induced current.
  • the external touch sensing chip locates the touch occurrence position according to the induced current, and feeds the positioning signal to the host, so that the position where the touch occurs can be determined, and the content to be displayed is correctly controlled according to the position where the touch occurs, and finally the touch and display are realized. Functional integration.
  • the prior art has the following problems: In the touch screen, in addition to the touch electric field between the transparent electrode and the common electrode, there is also a display electric field for controlling the liquid crystal display between the pixel electrode and the common electrode;
  • the position of each electrode in the touch screen of the technology has the position arrangement as shown in FIG. 1 , so the touch electric field and the display electric field may overlap. Minute.
  • interference occurs between the touch electric field and the display electric field, which affects each other, thereby not only reducing the display quality, but also reducing the accuracy of determining the position at which the touch occurs.
  • the present invention provides a display substrate and a method of fabricating the same, and a touch panel and a display device including the same, which can improve the accuracy and display quality of the position at which the touch is generated.
  • the present invention provides a display substrate, including: a first substrate; a thin film transistor formed on one side of the first substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode; and a black matrix and a color film formed on the other side of the first substrate, At least one of the black matrix and the color film is made of a conductive material, and a display electric field is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the first electrode and the black matrix and/or the A touch electric field is formed between the color films.
  • the first electrode is a pixel electrode
  • the second electrode is a common electrode
  • a light shielding layer is further disposed on the thin film transistor.
  • the black matrix includes a plurality of sub-black matrices, and the plurality of sub-black matrices are spaced apart.
  • the present invention provides a touch screen comprising: a display substrate according to the present invention and a second substrate disposed opposite the display substrate.
  • the present invention provides a display device comprising: the above touch screen.
  • the present invention provides a method of fabricating a display substrate, comprising: forming a thin film transistor, a first electrode, and a second electrode on one side of a first substrate, the first electrode and the second electrode Forming an electric field between them;
  • a black matrix and a color film on the other side of the first substrate, at least one of the black matrix and the color film being made of a conductive material, the first electrode and the black matrix and/or the A touch electric field is formed between the color films.
  • the first electrode is used as a pixel electrode
  • the second electrode is used as a common electrode.
  • the method further includes: forming a light shielding layer on the thin film transistor.
  • the black matrix includes a plurality of sub-black matrices, and the plurality of sub-black matrices are spaced apart.
  • a display substrate and a method of fabricating the same according to the present invention a touch screen including the display substrate, and a display device, wherein a thin film transistor, a first electrode, and a second electrode are disposed on a side of the first substrate, and on the other side of the first substrate A black matrix and a color film are provided, and at least one of the black matrix and the color film is made of a conductive material. Therefore, the display electric field formed by the first electrode and the second electrode is located on one side of the first electrode, and passes through the first electrode as the first touch sensing end of the touch electric field and the black as the second touch sensing end of the touch electric field.
  • the touch electric field formed by the matrix and/or the color film is located on the other side of the first electrode, so that the touch electric field and the display electric field do not interfere with each other. In this way, the influence of the touch on the display is reduced, and the accuracy and display quality at which the position where the touch occurs are improved. In addition, since this arrangement eliminates the need to provide a transparent electrode, the process of forming a transparent electrode is reduced, and the thickness of the display substrate is lowered.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a capacitive in-cell touch panel in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a display substrate according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a spacing arrangement of a plurality of sub-black matrices in a display substrate
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a display electric field and a touch electric field formed in the display substrate. Schematic diagram of local structure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a touch screen according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a display substrate according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display substrate according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the display substrate comprises: a first substrate 1; formed on one side of the first substrate 1 The thin film transistor 14, the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 13; and the black matrix 4 and the color film 5 formed on the other side of the first substrate 1.
  • a display electric field is formed between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 13.
  • at least one of the black matrix 4 and the color film 5 is formed of a conductive material such that at least one of them can be used as a touch sensing end of the touch electric field such that the first electrode 2 and the black matrix 4 and/or the color film A touch electric field is formed between 5.
  • a touch electric field may be formed between the first electrode 2 and the black matrix 4, or at the first electrode 2
  • a touch electric field may be formed between the color films 5, or a touch electric field may be formed between the first electrode 2 and the black matrix 4 and the color film 5.
  • the display electric field in this embodiment refers to an electric field formed between the pixel electrode formed on the thin film transistor and the common electrode, and the display electric field is used to control the deflection of the liquid crystal for pixel display.
  • the touch electric field refers to an electric field formed between a black matrix and/or a color film on the other side of the first substrate and the pixel electrode, or an electric field formed between the black matrix and/or the color film and the common electrode. .
  • the controlled electric field changes to generate an induced current.
  • the position at which the touch occurs can be judged based on the induced current generated.
  • a description will be given by taking a first electrode as a pixel electrode and a second electrode as a common electrode.
  • the thin film transistor 14 may include: a gate electrode 9, an active layer 11, a source electrode 7, and a drain electrode 8.
  • a gate insulating layer 10 is formed between the gate electrode 9 and the active layer 11.
  • a protective layer 12 is formed between the active layer 11 and the source electrode 7 and the drain electrode 8 with an insulating material.
  • a passivation layer 3 is formed on the drain electrode 8.
  • the first electrode 1 is a pixel electrode, and the second electrode 13 is a common electrode.
  • the shape of the first electrode 2 may be a plate shape, and the shape of the second electrode 13 may be a strip shape.
  • the first electrode 2 is formed on the drain electrode 8 and electrically connected to the drain electrode 8 for controlling the pixel for display.
  • the second electrode 13 is formed over the protective layer 12 such that the second electrode 13 is electrically isolated from the first electrode 1 and the drain electrode 8.
  • a display electric field is formed between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 13.
  • the thin film transistor 14 is further provided with a light shielding layer 6. Since the illumination may cause the active layer 11 in the thin film transistor 14 to change, thereby affecting the switching performance of the thin film transistor 14, thereby affecting the display, the light shielding layer 6 may be disposed to block the light irradiated from the backlight, and the thin film transistor is protected. The active layer 11 of 14 improves display quality.
  • the black matrix 4 is used to block the light around the pixel to prevent color mixture and dark state light leakage.
  • the material of the black matrix 4 comprises a metal material that is opaque, such as a metal material that is opaque to Cr, Mo, or the like.
  • the black matrix 4 made of an opaque metal material can simultaneously perform the functions of shading and conducting.
  • the color film 5 is used to realize display of different colors.
  • the material of the color film 5 comprises an electrically conductive color resin for simultaneously performing functions of color display and conductivity.
  • the black matrix 4 and the color film 5 are both made of an electrically conductive material to form a touch sensing end.
  • the black matrix includes a plurality of sub-black matrices, and each sub-black matrix is spaced apart.
  • 3 is a schematic plan view showing the interval arrangement of a plurality of sub-black matrices in a display substrate.
  • the black matrix is constructed as a mesh block structure, that is, a space between the sub black matrix 41 and the sub black matrix 42 is left at intervals 43, and each is formed into a mesh shape.
  • the mesh structure of each sub-black matrix and the spacing between the sub-black matrices define a plurality of block spaces, each of which accommodates a color film.
  • the shape of the block can be square, rectangular, diamond or polygonal.
  • the area of the touch electric field region can be increased by providing an interval between the sub-black matrixes, thereby improving the accuracy of determining the position at which the touch occurs.
  • Fig. 4 is a view showing a partial structure of a display electric field and a touch electric field formed in the display substrate.
  • the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 13 are formed on one side of the first substrate 1, and the black matrix 4 and the color film 5 are formed on the other side of the first substrate 1.
  • the first electrode 2 can serve as a first touch sensing end of the touch electric field 26
  • the black matrix 4 can serve as a second touch sensing end of the touch electric field 26 , so that a touch electric field can be formed between the first electrode 2 and the black matrix 4 .
  • a display electric field 27 can be formed between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 13. Therefore, the first electrode 2 serves as an electrode common to the touch electric field 26 and the display electric field 27, so that the touch electric field 26 and the display electric field 27 are formed on both sides of the first electrode 2, respectively.
  • a touch electric field 26 can be formed between the first electrode 2 and the color film 5, wherein the first electrode 2 serves as a first touch sensing end of the touch electric field 26, and the color film 5 serves as a touch. The second touch sensing end of the electric field 26.
  • the first electrode 2 and the color film 5 and the black matrix 4 may form a touch electric field 26, wherein the first electrode 2 serves as a first touch sensing end of the touch electric field 26, and the color film 5 and the black matrix 4 as the second touch sensing end of the touch electric field 26.
  • the first electrode as the pixel electrode is between the second electrode as the common electrode and the black matrix/color film, and the first electrode is an electrode common to the touch electric field and the display electric field, thereby making the touch An electric field and a display electric field are formed on both sides of the first electrode.
  • the positions of the first electrode and the second electrode are not limited.
  • a second electrode that is a common electrode can be located between the first substrate and the gate. At this time, the second electrode is between the first electrode and the black matrix/color film. Therefore, the second electrode can be used as an electrode common to the touch electric field and the display electric field, so that the display electric field and the touch electric field are respectively formed on both sides of the second electrode.
  • a display electric field can be formed between the second electrode and the first electrode, and a touch electric field can be formed between the second electrode and the black matrix and/or the color film.
  • the mutual independence of the touch electric field and the display electric field is achieved, and the accuracy and display quality of determining the position where the touch occurs are improved.
  • the first electrode located on the other side of the first substrate is utilized by using a black matrix or a color film located on one side of the first substrate as the first touch sensing end of the touch electric field.
  • a touch electric field and a display electric field are respectively formed on both sides of the first electrode, so that the two electric fields do not interfere with each other.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a touch screen according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the touch screen includes: a display substrate and a second substrate 16 disposed opposite to each other, and between the display substrate and the second substrate 16 It is filled with liquid crystal 18.
  • the display substrate comprises: a first substrate 1; a thin film transistor 14 formed on a side of the first substrate 1, a first electrode 2 and a second electrode 13; and formed on the other side of the first substrate 1 Black matrix 4 and color film 5.
  • a display electric field is formed between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 13, and the display electric field is used for controlling the deflection of the liquid crystal 18 for display, and the touch is formed between the first electrode 2 and the black matrix 4 and/or the color film 5.
  • the thin film transistor 14 is provided with a light shielding layer 6.
  • the active layer of the thin film transistor 14 is irradiated through the passivation layer 3.
  • the illumination causes a change in the active layer, thereby affecting the switching performance of the thin film transistor 14, which in turn affects the display. Since the light shielding layer 6 is used to block the light irradiated to the thin film transistor 14, the active layer 11 of the thin film transistor 14 is protected, thereby improving the display quality.
  • the black matrix 4 is used to block the light around the pixel display to prevent color mixture and dark light leakage.
  • the material of the black matrix 4 comprises a metal material that is opaque to light, such as an opaque metal material such as Cr or Mo.
  • the black matrix 4 made of an opaque metal material can simultaneously perform the functions of shading and conducting.
  • the black matrix 4 may include a plurality of sub-black matrices. Each sub-black matrix can be spaced apart, that is, a gap is left between each sub-black matrix. Therefore, when the black matrix 4 is not electrically conductive and only the color film 5 is electrically conductive, this arrangement can increase the area of the touch electric field region and improve the positioning accuracy of the touch.
  • the color film 5 is used to realize display of different colors.
  • the color film 5 can be formed using a conductive resin to simultaneously achieve color display and conductivity.
  • the black matrix 4 and the color film 5 are made of a conductive material, so that the conductive sensing characteristics can be used to form the touch sensing end, thereby forming a touch electric field.
  • the touch panel in this embodiment may be the display substrate provided in the first embodiment.
  • the display substrate provided in the first embodiment.
  • the touch screen further includes a backlight 15, and the backlight 15 is located on a side of the second substrate 16 facing away from the display substrate.
  • the backlight 15 is used to provide a light source for the touch screen. The light emitted from the backlight 15 is irradiated upward through the second substrate 16.
  • the touch screen provided in this embodiment is a capacitive in-cell touch screen.
  • Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a display device, which includes a touch screen.
  • the touch screen can be the touch screen provided in the second embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the display device may be any product or component having a display function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • the first substrate by using a black matrix and/or a color film formed on one side of the first substrate in the display substrate as the first touch sensing end of the touch electric field, the first substrate is utilized a first electrode formed on one side serves as a second touch sensing end, thereby forming a touch electric field between the first electrode and the black matrix and/or the color film, and the first electrode and the first side on the same side of the first substrate A display electric field is formed between the two electrodes.
  • the two electric fields are respectively on both sides of the first electrode, so that they do not interfere with each other, which reduces the influence of the touch on the display, improves the accuracy and display quality of determining the position where the touch occurs, and reduces the display panel. thickness of.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart showing a method of fabricating a display substrate according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the manufacturing method of the display substrate includes:
  • Step S l l forming a thin film transistor, a first electrode and a second electrode on one side of the first substrate, and forming a display electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • a first substrate is first provided.
  • a thin film transistor including a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, an active layer, a protective layer, a source electrode, a drain electrode, and a passivation layer is formed on the first substrate by a patterning process.
  • a transparent conductive film is deposited on the drain electrode, and the first electrode is formed by a patterning process, and the first electrode is electrically connected to the drain electrode.
  • a transparent conductive film is deposited, and a second electrode is formed by a patterning process.
  • a display electric field is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode.
  • the patterning process includes at least: a photoresist coating, a mask mask, an exposure, a development, an etching, a photoresist stripping, and the like.
  • the method further includes forming a light shielding layer on the thin film transistor.
  • the light shielding layer is configured to block the light irradiated from the backlight, protect the active layer of the thin film transistor, thereby improving the display quality step S12, forming a black matrix and a color film on the other side of the first substrate, A touch electric field is formed between the first electrode and the black matrix and/or the color film.
  • the first substrate processed through the step S11 is flipped by the soft transport robot.
  • a color film including a red filter pattern, a green filter pattern, and a blue filter pattern is sequentially formed by a patterning process.
  • a black light-shielding material is redeposited on the substrate on which the color film is formed, and a black matrix is formed by a patterning process.
  • the patterning process may at least include: photoresist coating, mask masking, exposure, development, etching, photoresist stripping, and the like. Of course, it is also possible to form a black matrix before forming a color film.
  • the black matrix 4 is used to block the light around the pixel display to prevent the occurrence of color mixture and dark light leakage.
  • the material of the black matrix includes a metal material that is opaque, and may be, for example, an opaque metal material such as Cr or Mo.
  • a black matrix made of an opaque metal material can simultaneously perform the functions of shading and conducting.
  • Color film is used to achieve display of different colors.
  • the color film material includes a conductive color resin.
  • the color film made of a conductive resin can simultaneously realize color display and conductivity.
  • the black matrix and the color film may both be made of an electrically conductive material, so that the conductive sensing property can be used to form the touch sensing end, thereby forming an electric field.
  • a thin film transistor, a first electrode, and a second electrode are formed on one side of the first substrate, wherein a display electric field is formed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and then in the first
  • the other side of the substrate forms a black matrix and a color film, wherein a touch electric field is formed between the first electrode and the black matrix and/or the color film.
  • the thin film transistor in the technical solution of the present invention is described by taking a bottom gate type thin film transistor (ie, the gate electrode is located below the active layer pattern) as an example description, and should not be described as an example. It is a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.
  • the structure of the thin film transistor can be changed as needed in practical applications.
  • the thin film transistor in the technical solution of the present invention can also adopt a top gate type array substrate (i.e., the gate electrode is located above the active layer pattern).

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Abstract

一种显示基板及其制作方法、触摸屏和显示装置，其中显示基板包括第一衬底（1），在第一衬底（1）的一侧上形成的薄膜晶体管（14）、第一电极（2）和第二电极（13），以及在第一衬底（1）的另一侧形成的黑矩阵（4）和彩膜（5）。黑矩阵（4）和彩膜（5）中的至少一个由导电材料制成。第一电极（2）与第二电极（13）之间形成有显示电场（27）。第一电极（2）与黑矩阵（4）和/或彩膜（5）之间形成有触控电场（26）。该显示基板可以提高确定触摸发生位置的精确度和显示质量，降低显示基板的厚度。

Description

显示基板及其制作方法、 触摸屏和显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及触摸屏技术领域， 特别涉及一种显示基板及其制作 方法、 包括该显示基板的触摸屏和显示装置。 背景技术
触摸屏作为一种新的输入设备， 与传统的键盘和鼠标输入方式 相比具有良好的易用性。随着触摸技术的发展， 目前应用广泛的是电 容式内嵌触摸屏技术，这是因为电容式内嵌触摸屏相比其他触摸屏可 以做到更轻、更薄， 而且工序减少， 从而可以在实现触控和显示一体 化的同时降低成本。
图 1为现有技术中电容式内嵌触摸屏的结构示意图。 如图 1所 示，该触摸屏包括：背光源 15、形成在背光源 15上的下玻璃基板 16、 形成在下玻璃基板 16上的薄膜晶体管 24、 形成在薄膜晶体管 24上 的像素电极 19和公共电极 17、 与下玻璃基板 16相对设置的上玻璃 基板 20、 形成在上玻璃基板 20的与下玻璃基板 16相对的一侧 （即 内侧） 上的彩膜 22和黑矩阵 23、 形成于上玻璃基板 20外侧的透明 电极 21、以及填充于上玻璃基板 20和下玻璃基板 16之间的液晶 18。 其中， 公共电极 17与透明电极 21形成触摸电容， 公共电极 17作为 触摸电容的第一极， 透明电极 21作为触摸电容的第二极。 触摸电容 的第一极和第二极之间形成触控电场。当用手指触摸显示屏时，会改 变触控电场，从而触摸电容的第二极产生感应电流。外部触摸感应芯 片根据该感应电流对触摸发生位置进行定位，并将定位的信号反馈给 主机，从而能够确定触摸发生的位置，并根据触摸发生位置来正确控 制需要显示的内容， 最终实现触摸和显示功能一体化。
然而， 现有技术存在如下问题： 在触摸屏中， 除了透明电极与 公共电极之间的触控电场之外，还在像素电极和公共电极之间存在用 于控制液晶显示的显示电场；由于现有技术的触摸屏中的各个电极之 间具有如图 1所示的位置布置，因此触控电场和显示电场会有重叠部 分。当触摸发生时，触控电场和显示电场之间会产生干扰，相互影响， 从而不仅会降低显示质量， 还会降低确定触摸发生位置的精确度。 发明内容
本发明提供一种显示基板及其制作方法、 包括该显示基板的触 摸屏和显示装置， 其可以提高确定触摸发生位置的精确度和显示质 为实现上述目的， 本发明提供一种显示基板， 包括： 第一衬底； 在所述第一衬底的一侧上形成的薄膜晶体管、 第一电极和第二电极； 以及在所述第一衬底的另一侧上形成的黑矩阵和彩膜，所述黑矩阵和 彩膜中的至少一个由导电材料制成，所述第一电极与所述第二电极之 间形成有显示电场， 所述第一电极与所述黑矩阵和 /或所述彩膜之间 形成有触控电场。
可选地， 所述第一电极是像素电极， 所述第二电极是公共电极。 可选地， 所述薄膜晶体管上还设置有遮光层。
可选地， 所述黑矩阵包括多个子黑矩阵， 所述多个子黑矩阵间 隔设置。
为实现上述目的， 本发明提供一种触摸屏， 包括： 根据本发明 的显示基板和与该显示基板相对设置的第二衬底。
为实现上述目的， 本发明提供一种显示装置， 包括： 上述触摸 屏。
为实现上述目的， 本发明提供一种显示基板的制作方法， 包括： 在第一衬底的一侧形成薄膜晶体管、 第一电极和第二电极， 所 述第一电极与所述第二电极之间形成有显示电场；
在所述第一衬底的另一侧形成黑矩阵和彩膜， 所述黑矩阵和彩 膜中的至少一个由导电材料制成， 所述第一电极与所述黑矩阵和 /或 所述彩膜之间形成有触控电场。
可选地， 将所述第一电极用作像素电极， 并将所述第二电极用 作公共电极。
可选地， 还包括： 在所述薄膜晶体管上形成遮光层。 可选地， 所述黑矩阵包括多个子黑矩阵， 所述多个子黑矩阵间 隔设置。
根据本发明的显示基板及其制作方法、 包括该显示基板的触摸 屏和显示装置，在第一衬底一侧设置薄膜晶体管、第一电极和第二电 极，而在第一衬底的另一侧设置黑矩阵和彩膜，所述黑矩阵和彩膜中 的至少一个由导电材料制成。因此，通过第一电极和第二电极所形成 的显示电场位于第一电极的一侧，而通过作为触控电场的第一触摸感 应端的第一电极和作为触控电场的第二触摸感应端的黑矩阵和 /或彩 膜所形成的触控电场位于第一电极的另一侧，从而触控电场和显示电 场之间互相不干扰。这样， 减小了触摸对于显示的影响， 提高了确定 触摸发生位置的精确度和显示质量。另外， 由于这种布置消除了设置 透明电极的需要， 因而减少了形成透明电极的工序，并且降低了显示 基板的厚度。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中电容式内嵌触摸屏的结构示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例一提供的显示基板的结构示意图； 图 3为说明显示基板中多个子黑矩阵的间隔设置的平面示意图； 图 4为说明显示基板中形成的显示电场和触控电场的局部结构 示意图；
图 5为本发明实施例二提供的一种触摸屏的结构示意图； 图 6为本发明实施例四提供的显示基板的制作方法的流程示意 图。 具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案， 下面结合 附图对本发明提供的一种显示基板及其制作方法、触摸屏和显示装置 作进一步详细描述。
图 2 为本发明实施例一提供的显示基板的结构示意图。 如图 1 所示， 该显示基板包括： 第一衬底 1 ; 在第一衬底 1的一侧上形成的 薄膜晶体管 14、 第一电极 2和第二电极 13 ; 以及在第一衬底 1的另 一侧上形成的黑矩阵 4和彩膜 5。 第一电极 2与第二电极 13之间形 成显示电场。另外，黑矩阵 4和彩膜 5中的至少一个由导电材料形成， 从而它们中的至少一个可以用作触控电场的一个触摸感应端，使得第 一电极 2与黑矩阵 4和 /或彩膜 5之间形成触控电场。
本实施例中， 由于黑矩阵 4和彩膜 5中的任一个或两者由导电 材料形成， 因此在第一电极 2与黑矩阵 4之间可以形成触控电场，或 者在第一电极 2与彩膜 5之间可以形成触控电场，或者在第一电极 2 与黑矩阵 4和彩膜 5两者之间形成触控电场。
需要说明的是， 本实施例中的显示电场指的是： 形成于薄膜晶 体管上的像素电极与公共电极之间形成的电场，该显示电场用于控制 液晶的偏转以进行像素显示。触控电场指的是：第一衬底的另一侧上 的黑矩阵和 /或彩膜与像素电极之间形成的电场， 或者， 黑矩阵和 / 或彩膜与公共电极之间形成的电场。当触摸彩膜或者黑矩阵时，该触 控电场会发生变化，进而产生感应电流。根据产生的感应电流可以判 断出触摸发生的位置。本实施例中， 以第一电极为像素电极， 第二电 极为公共电极为例进行说明。
薄膜晶体管 14可以包括： 栅电极 9、 有源层 11、 源电极 7和漏 电极 8。 栅电极 9与有源层 11之间形成有栅绝缘层 10。 采用绝缘材 料在有源层 11与源电极 7和漏电极 8之间形成保护层 12。 漏电极 8 上形成有钝化层 3。 第一电极 1为像素电极， 第二电极 13为公共电 极。 在一个示例中， 第一电极 2的形状可以为板状， 第二电极 13的 形状可以为条状。第一电极 2形成于漏电极 8之上并与漏电极 8电连 接， 用以控制像素以进行显示。 第二电极 13形成于保护层 12之上， 使得第二电极 13与第一电极 1和漏电极 8电隔离。 第一电极 1与第 二电极 13之间形成有显示电场。优选地，薄膜晶体管 14上还设置有 遮光层 6。 由于光照会导致薄膜晶体管 14中的有源层 11发生变化， 从而影响薄膜晶体管 14的开关性能， 进而影响显示， 因此， 可以设 置遮光层 6以遮挡住从背光源照射过来的光线， 保护薄膜晶体管 14 的有源层 11， 从而提高显示质量。 黑矩阵 4用于对像素周边的光线进行遮挡， 防止发生混色以及 暗态漏光。优选地， 黑矩阵 4的材料包括不透光的金属材料， 例如可 以为 Cr、 Mo等不透光的金属材料。 采用不透光的金属材料制成的黑 矩阵 4可以同时实现遮光和导电的功能。彩膜 5用于实现不同颜色的 显示。优选地， 彩膜 5的材料包括可导电的彩色树脂， 用以同时实现 彩色显示和导电的功能。在本实施例中，黑矩阵 4和彩膜 5均由可导 电的材料制成， 以形成触控感应端。
优选地， 黑矩阵包括多个子黑矩阵， 各个子黑矩阵间隔设置。 图 3为说明显示基板中多个子黑矩阵的间隔设置的平面示意图。如图 3所示， 黑矩阵被构造为网状分块结构， 也即子黑矩阵 41和子黑矩 阵 42之间留有间隔 43， 并且各自形成为网状。各个子黑矩阵的网状 结构以及各子黑矩阵之间的间隔限定出多个块状空间，每个块状空间 中容纳一个彩膜。分块的形状可以为正方形、长方形、菱形或者多边 形。在仅彩膜 5导电的情况下，通过在各子黑矩阵之间设置间隔能够 增加触控电场区域的面积， 从而提高判断触摸发生位置的精确度。
图 4为说明显示基板中形成的显示电场和触控电场的局部结构 示意图。 如图 4所示， 第一电极 2和第二电极 13形成在第一衬底 1 的一侧上，而黑矩阵 4和彩膜 5形成在第一衬底 1的另一侧上。第一 电极 2可以作为触控电场 26的第一触摸感应端， 黑矩阵 4可以作为 触控电场 26的第二触摸感应端， 从而在第一电极 2与黑矩阵 4之间 可以形成触控电场 26。 另外， 在第一电极 2和第二电极 13之间可以 形成显示电场 27。因此，第一电极 2作为触控电场 26和显示电场 27 共用的一个电极，使得触控电场 26和显示电场 27分别形成在第一电 极 2的两侧。
当用手指触摸显示基板的触控表面时， 会改变第一触摸感应端 和第二触摸感应端之间的触控电场 26， 从而触控电场的第二触摸感 应端产生感应电流。通过外部触摸感应芯片根据该感应电流对触摸发 生位置进行定位，并将定位的信息反馈给主机，可以确定触摸发生的 位置。 可选地， 第一电极 2与彩膜 5之间可以形成触控电场 26， 其 中第一电极 2作为触控电场 26的第一触摸感应端， 彩膜 5作为触控 电场 26的第二触摸感应端。 作为另一种选择， 第一电极 2与彩膜 5 和黑矩阵 4之间可以形成触控电场 26， 其中第一电极 2作为触控电 场 26的第一触摸感应端，彩膜 5和黑矩阵 4作为触控电场 26的第二 触摸感应端。
在本实施例中， 作为像素电极的第一电极处于作为公共电极的 第二电极与黑矩阵 /彩膜之间， 并且第一电极为触控电场和显示电场 共用的一个电极，从而使得触控电场与显示电场形成在第一电极的两 侧。然而，可以理解的是，对第一电极和第二电极的位置可不做限定。 例如，在其他实施例中，作为公共电极的第二电极可以位于第一衬底 与栅极之间。 此时， 第二电极处于第一电极与黑矩阵 /彩膜之间。 因 此，可以将第二电极作为触控电场和显示电场共用的一个电极，从而 使得显示电场与触控电场分别形成在第二电极的两侧。即，第二电极 与第一电极之间可以形成显示电场， 第二电极与黑矩阵和 /或彩膜之 间可以形成触控电场。同样地，实现了触控电场和显示电场的相互独 立不影响， 提高了确定触摸发生位置的精确度和显示质量。
本实施例提供的显示基板中， 通过利用位于第一衬底的一侧的 黑矩阵或者彩膜作为触控电场的第一触摸感应端，利用位于第一衬底 的另一侧的第一电极作为触控电场的第二触摸感应端，在第一电极的 两侧分别形成触控电场和显示电场， 从而两种电场之间互相不干扰。 由此减小了触摸对于显示的影响，提高了确定触摸发生位置的精确度 和显示质量， 而且还降低了显示基板的厚度。
图 5为本发明实施例二提供的一种触摸屏的结构示意图，如图 5 所示， 该触摸屏包括： 相对设置的显示基板和第二衬底 16， 显示基 板和第二衬底 16之间还填充有液晶 18。 其中， 显示基板包括： 第一 衬底 1 ;形成在第一衬底 1一侧上的薄膜晶体管 14、第一电极 2和第 二电极 13 ; 以及形成在第一衬底 1另一侧上的黑矩阵 4和彩膜 5。第 一电极 2与第二电极 13之间形成有显示电场， 该显示电场用于控制 液晶 18的偏转以进行显示，第一电极 2与黑矩阵 4和 /或彩膜 5之间 形成有触控电场，用以判断触摸的发生位置。由于触控电场和显示电 场分别位于第一电极 2的两侧， 因此两种电场之间互相不干扰。 优选地， 薄膜晶体管 14上设置有遮光层 6。 当光线经由第二衬 底 16向上照射时， 会通过钝化层 3照射到薄膜晶体管 14的有源层。 光照会导致有源层发生变化， 从而影响薄膜晶体管 14的开关性能， 进而影响显示。 由于采用了遮光层 6遮挡住照射到薄膜晶体管 14的 光线，因此保护了薄膜晶体管 14的有源层 11，从而提高了显示质量。
黑矩阵 4用于对像素显示周边的光线进行遮挡， 防止发生混色 以及暗态漏光。优选地， 黑矩阵 4的材料包括不透光的金属材料， 例 如可以为 Cr、 Mo等不透光的金属材料。 采用不透光的金属材料制成 的黑矩阵 4可以同时实现遮光和导电的功能。黑矩阵 4可以包括多个 子黑矩阵。各个子黑矩阵可以间隔设置，也即各子黑矩阵之间留有缝 隙。 因此， 当黑矩阵 4不导电而仅彩膜 5导电时， 这种布置可以增加 触控电场区域的面积，提高触摸的定位精确度。彩膜 5用于实现不同 颜色的显示。可以采用可导电的树脂来制成彩膜 5以同时实现彩色显 示和导电的功能。在本实施例中，黑矩阵 4和彩膜 5均为可导电的材 料制成，从而可以利用其导电的特性形成触控感应端，进而形成触控 电场。
本实施例中的触摸屏可采用上述实施例一提供的显示基板。 对 显示基板的具体描述可参见上述实施例一， 此处不再赘述。
进一步地，该触摸屏还包括背光源 15，背光源 15位于第二衬底 16的背向显示基板的一侧。 背光源 15用于为触摸屏提供光源。 背光 源 15发出的光线经由第二衬底 16向上照射。
优选地， 本实施例提供的触摸屏为电容式内嵌触摸屏。
在本实施例提供的触摸屏中， 通过利用显示基板中的第一衬底 的一侧上形成的黑矩阵和 /或彩膜作为触控电场的第一触摸感应端， 利用第一衬底另一侧上形成的第一电极作为第二触摸感应端，从而在 第一电极与黑矩阵和 /或彩膜之间形成触控电场， 而在处于第一衬底 同侧的第一电极与第二电极之间形成显示电场。这样，两种电场分别 处于第一电极的两侧， 因此它们之间互相不干扰，减小了触摸对于显 示的影响，提高了确定触摸发生位置的精确度和显示质量，而且还降 低了显示面板的厚度。 本发明实施例三提供了一种显示装置， 该显示装置包括触摸屏。 该触摸屏可采用上述实施例二提供的触摸屏， 此处不再赘述。
本实施例中， 显示装置可以为： 手机、 平板电脑、 电视机、 显 示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或 部件。
在本实施例提供的显示装置中， 通过利用显示基板中的第一衬 底的一侧上形成的黑矩阵和 /或彩膜作为触控电场的第一触摸感应 端，利用第一衬底另一侧上形成的第一电极作为第二触摸感应端，从 而在第一电极与黑矩阵和 /或彩膜之间形成触控电场， 而在处于第一 衬底同侧的第一电极与第二电极之间形成显示电场。这样，两种电场 分别处于第一电极的两侧， 因此它们之间互相不干扰，减小了触摸对 于显示的影响，提高了确定触摸发生位置的精确度和显示质量，而且 还降低了显示面板的厚度。
图 6为本发明实施例四提供的显示基板的制作方法的流程示意 图。 如图 6所示， 该显示基板的制作方法包括：
步骤 S l l、在第一衬底的一侧形成薄膜晶体管、第一电极和第二 电极， 所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间形成显示电场。
具体地， 首先提供第一衬底。 随后， 在第一衬底上通过构图工 艺形成包括栅电极、 栅绝缘层、 有源层、 保护层、 源电极、 漏电极、 钝化层的薄膜晶体管。其中， 在形成漏电极之后， 在漏电极上方沉积 一层透明导电薄膜，通过构图工艺形成第一电极，第一电极与漏电极 电连接。在形成钝化层之后， 沉积一层透明导电薄膜， 通过构图工艺 形成第二电极。第一电极和第二电极之间形成显示电场。构图工艺至 少包括： 光刻胶涂覆、 掩模板掩模、 曝光、 显影、 刻蚀、 光刻胶剥离 等工艺。可选地， 在第一衬底的一侧形成薄膜晶体管、第一电极和第 二电极后，还包括在薄膜晶体管上形成遮光层。遮光层用以遮挡住从 背光源照射过来的光线，保护薄膜晶体管的有源层，从而提高显示质 步骤 S 12、在所述第一衬底的另一侧形成黑矩阵和彩膜，所述第 一电极与所述黑矩阵和 /或所述彩膜之间形成触控电场。 具体地， 通过软质运输机械手翻转经过步骤 S11 处理后的第一 衬底。通过构图工艺依次形成包括红色滤光图形、绿色滤光图形、蓝 色滤光图形的彩膜。在形成有彩膜的衬底上再沉积黑色遮光材料，并 通过构图工艺形成黑矩阵。构图工艺至少可包括： 光刻胶涂覆、掩模 板掩模、 曝光、 显影、 刻蚀、 光刻胶剥离等工艺。 当然， 也可以先制 作形成黑矩阵后再制作形成彩膜。黑矩阵 4用于对像素显示周边的光 线进行遮挡， 防止混色的发生以及暗态漏光。其中， 黑矩阵的材料包 括不透光的金属材料， 例如可以为 Cr、 Mo等不透光的金属材料。 采 用不透光的金属材料制成的黑矩阵可以同时实现遮光和导电的功能。 彩膜用于实现不同颜色的显示。彩膜的材料包括可导电的彩色树脂采 用可导电的树脂制成的彩膜可以同时实现彩色显示和导电的功能。在 本实施例中，黑矩阵和彩膜可以均由可导电的材料制成，从而可以利 用其导电的特性形成触控感应端， 进而形成电场。
根据本实施例提供的显示基板的制作方法， 在第一衬底的一侧 形成薄膜晶体管、第一电极和第二电极，其中第一电极和第二电极之 间形成显示电场，再在第一衬底的另一侧形成黑矩阵和彩膜，其中第 一电极与黑矩阵和 /或彩膜之间形成触控电场。 从而在第一电极的两 侧分别形成触控电场和显示电场，使得两种电场之间互相不干扰。减 小了触摸对于显示的影响，提高了确定触摸发生位置的精确度和显示 质量， 而且还降低了触摸屏的厚度。
需要说明的是， 本发明技术方案中的薄膜晶体管是以底栅型薄 膜晶体管（即： 栅电极位于有源层图形的下方）为例进行描述的， 其 仅是一种示例性描述，不应成为对本发明保护范围的限制。在实际应 用中可根据需要对薄膜晶体管的结构进行变更，例如：本发明技术方 案中的薄膜晶体管还可以采用顶栅型阵列基板（即：栅电极位于有源 层图形的上方） 。
可以理解的是， 以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而 采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的 普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做 出各种变型和改进， 这些变型和改进也落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种显示基板， 其特征在于， 包括： 第一衬底； 在所述第一 衬底的一侧上形成的薄膜晶体管、第一电极和第二电极； 以及在所述 第一衬底的另一侧上形成的黑矩阵和彩膜，其中，所述黑矩阵和彩膜 中的至少一个由导电材料制成，所述第一电极与所述第二电极之间形 成有显示电场， 所述第一电极与所述黑矩阵和 /或所述彩膜之间形成 有触控电场。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的显示基板， 其特征在于， 所述第一电 极是像素电极， 所述第二电极是公共电极。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的显示基板， 其特征在于， 所述薄膜晶 体管上还设置有遮光层。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的显示基板， 其特征在于， 所述黑矩阵 包括多个子黑矩阵， 所述多个子黑矩阵间隔设置。
5. 一种触摸屏， 其特征在于， 包括： 权利要求 1至 4中任一项 所述的显示基板和与所述显示基板相对设置的第二衬底。
6. 一种显示装置， 其特征在于， 包括： 权利要求 5所述的触摸 屏。
7. 一种显示基板的制作方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
在第一衬底的一侧形成薄膜晶体管、 第一电极和第二电极， 所 述第一电极与所述第二电极之间形成有显示电场；
在所述第一衬底的另一侧形成黑矩阵和彩膜， 所述黑矩阵和彩 膜中的至少一个由导电材料制成， 所述第一电极与所述黑矩阵和 /或 所述彩膜之间形成有触控电场。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的显示基板的制作方法， 其特征在于， 将所述第一电极用作像素电极， 并将所述第二电极用作公共电极。
9. 根据权利要求 7所述的显示基板的制作方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 在所述薄膜晶体管上形成遮光层。
10. 根据权利要求 7所述的显示基板的制作方法， 其特征在于， 所述黑矩阵包括多个子黑矩阵， 所述多个子黑矩阵间隔设置。
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