WO2015085834A1 - 一种餐饮店用送菜装置 - Google Patents

一种餐饮店用送菜装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015085834A1
WO2015085834A1 PCT/CN2014/089537 CN2014089537W WO2015085834A1 WO 2015085834 A1 WO2015085834 A1 WO 2015085834A1 CN 2014089537 W CN2014089537 W CN 2014089537W WO 2015085834 A1 WO2015085834 A1 WO 2015085834A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
food
delivery device
vegetable
food delivery
beverage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/089537
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李平
Original Assignee
李平
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201310681240.8A external-priority patent/CN103663299B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310686926.6A external-priority patent/CN103654205B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201310689895.XA external-priority patent/CN103625869B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201410424454.1A external-priority patent/CN104305823B/zh
Application filed by 李平 filed Critical 李平
Priority to EP14870288.9A priority Critical patent/EP3081512A1/en
Priority to US15/103,341 priority patent/US9706860B2/en
Publication of WO2015085834A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015085834A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F10/00—Furniture or installations specially adapted to particular types of service systems, not otherwise provided for
    • A47F10/06—Furniture or installations specially adapted to particular types of service systems, not otherwise provided for for restaurant service systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G35/00—Mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for
    • B65G35/06—Mechanical conveyors not otherwise provided for comprising a load-carrier moving along a path, e.g. a closed path, and adapted to be engaged by any one of a series of traction elements spaced along the path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G47/00—Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyors; Methods employing such devices
    • B65G47/34—Devices for discharging articles or materials from conveyor 
    • B65G47/36—Devices for discharging articles or materials from conveyor  by detaching suspended articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mechanical conveying devices, in particular to a food feeding device for a food and beverage restaurant.
  • the common automatic food delivery devices mainly include: mechanical chain type, conveyor belt type and flow tank type.
  • the conveyor belt type and the water tank type are easy to shake during transportation, and it is difficult to transport the ingredients containing the soup.
  • a Chinese patent with the publication number CN203226584U discloses an automatic car lane feeding device, including a food delivery trolley, a dedicated lane, a trolley parking and lifting device and a main control computer, wherein the trolley parking and lifting equipment is arranged in a dedicated lane, the main The control computer guides the delivery of the trolley along the dedicated lane, and controls the parking of the trolley and the lifting equipment.
  • the existing food delivery systems can save labor costs and save space to a certain extent.
  • the entire food delivery system has to be operated on the ground, the occupied space is not completely released, and it is affected by personnel activities, and there is a hidden danger of cross-contamination, and the sanitary effect is not satisfactory.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a food delivery device for a food and beverage store that does not occupy the floor space when the food is delivered, and the food delivery process is stable.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
  • a food delivery device for a food and beverage restaurant comprising: a suspended rail, a walking trolley disposed on the rail, a lifting mechanism disposed on the traveling trolley, and a vegetable connecting device at a lower end of the lifting mechanism.
  • a running slip line is attached to the guide rail, and a brush for driving the slide line is provided in the traveling cart.
  • the lifting mechanism includes: a plurality of connecting rods, the ends of the plurality of connecting rods are sequentially connected to form a connecting rod group, and an adjacent angle between the two connecting rods is an adjustable angle structure.
  • the angle-adjustable structure means that the ends of the adjacent links are connected by a hinge, and at least one of the lower ends of the link set is connected to drive the link group to move up and down.
  • angle adjustable structure means that the adjacent connecting rods are connected by the meshing gear device, and the driving motor is connected to the gear device, and the angle between the adjacent two connecting rods is controlled by the driving motor.
  • the drawstring is a concealed structure, that is, a wire wheel is provided on the upper side or the lower side of the link, the drawstring is routed along the inner side of the link; A wire slot is also provided on the side or the lower side, and the wire wheel is disposed in the wire groove, and the drawstring is completely hidden in the wire groove.
  • the drawstring includes: a first pull cord disposed on the second link of the lowermost end to drive the link set up and down, and two adjacent links disposed at the lowermost end There is a second drawstring between the two.
  • the two adjacent links at the lowermost end of the link set are arranged to be mutually rotatable robot structures, that is, the two lowermost adjacent links constitute a rotational connection structure through the rotating shaft, and the motor is used to control the lowermost adjacent The angle of rotation between the two links.
  • the link set is mounted on the trolley and is rotatable relative to the trolley.
  • the lifting mechanism includes: a lifting motor, a collecting rope connected to the lifting motor, and at least one pulling rope connected to the collecting rope; and a stirring device connection at a lower end of the pulling rope Device.
  • the pull cord is one
  • the vegetable connecting device is a weight balance body, that is, the weight of the vegetable connecting device is greater than the weight of the vegetable container.
  • the drawstring is at least three, and the connection point of the plurality of drawstrings and the vegetable connecting device constitutes a lifting area, and the center of gravity of the container connecting device and the container is projected Within the lift area.
  • the drawstring is a thin steel wire rope, and the thin steel wire rope is connected to the take-up sheave through a summary concave pulley; the diameter of the thin steel wire rope does not exceed 3 mm.
  • At least one telescopic rod is provided between the container connecting device and the traveling carriage.
  • the telescopic rod is a hollow telescopic tube
  • the vegetable connecting device comprises a lifting plate connected to the bottom of the hollow telescopic tube; the pulling rope is introduced from the upper end of the hollow telescopic tube to the lower end. Into the lift plate.
  • the hollow telescopic tube is replaced with a telescopic hose comprising: an elastic outer sleeve and a rigid ring that is clamped in the elastic outer sleeve.
  • the number of the telescopic rods is two, one end of the two telescopic rods is connected to the middle portion of the vegetable connecting device, and the other end of the two telescopic rods is connected to the traveling trolley.
  • the food delivery device for the food and beverage store further includes a decorative outer casing surrounding the lifting mechanism, the decorative outer casing is in the shape of a flying saucer, and at least one ring of LED light source is disposed on the decorative outer casing.
  • the container connecting device is a lifting plate with a hook or a locking device; or the vegetable connecting device is a robot having at least three movable fingers.
  • the locking device includes: a latch disposed at an end of the lifting plate, a spring that drives the locking device to perform a locking action, and an electromagnet that drives the locking device to unlock the movement; or the locking buckle
  • the mechanism locking device comprises: a micro motor and a lock, and the micro motor controls the reciprocating movement of the buckle through the rack gear to achieve the purpose of locking and unlocking.
  • the hooking means is a latch or hook that is fixed to the center of the bottom of the lifting plate.
  • the use of walking trolley, lifting mechanism and vegetable feeder connection device to achieve the delivery of dishes, the entire process of feeding without additional food transfer personnel, saving labor costs.
  • the guide rail is suspended, when the walking trolley is running, it does not occupy the floor space, and does not contact the customer, and the occupied space is small and clean.
  • the driving slip line on the guide rail and using the brush to connect the walking trolley with the driving slip line, the use of the connecting wire is avoided, and the circulating operation of the walking trolley is conveniently realized.
  • the lifting mechanism adopts the form of connecting rod group, the vegetable conveying device is very stable during the lifting process; meanwhile, since the connecting rod group is fixed on the rotating seat, the angle between the adjacent two connecting rods is adjustable, which is convenient for the user according to actual needs. Adjusting the placement position of the vegetable holder is practical.
  • the lifting mechanism adopts a smooth mechanism of the fork frame, which effectively avoids the shaking of the vegetable dish during the lifting process, and the feeding process is very stable.
  • the lifting mechanism adopts a simple drawstring, and a vegetable connecting device is arranged at the lower end of the drawstring, which has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. At the same time, since the weight of the vegetable connecting device is greater than the weight of the vegetable container, the lifting process of the vegetable container is ensured to be stable.
  • the lifting mechanism adopts the telescopic rod and the pull rope to jointly control the lifting movement, effectively preventing the connecting device of the vegetable dish from tilting and shaking during the lifting process.
  • the drawstring is a thin steel wire rope with a diameter of not more than 3 mm
  • the thin steel wire rope is invisible under the illumination of the light, and does not affect the overall visual effect of the lifting mechanism.
  • the telescopic rod is a hollow telescopic rod, the entire rope is surrounded by the hollow telescopic rod without being exposed, thereby effectively improving the aesthetics of the entire lifting mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a food feeding device provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a single food delivery device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the lifting mechanism in the first embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing an equivalent embodiment of the lifting mechanism
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a lifting mechanism according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a lifting mechanism according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the connecting rod
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a single food delivery device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of a lifting mechanism in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a lifting structure according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of a lifting structure according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a lifting structure according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the telescopic hose
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of a lifting structure according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • a food delivery device for a food and beverage store comprises: a suspended guide rail 1, a walking trolley 2 disposed on the guide rail 1, a lifting mechanism 3 disposed on the traveling trolley 2, and a connection with the lifting mechanism 3.
  • Dishware 4 A running slip line is mounted on the guide rail 1 to provide a working voltage for the traveling trolley, and the traveling trolley 2 is in contact with the driving slip line through the brush.
  • the driving slip line is disposed in parallel with the guide rail, or the traveling trolley has its own power supply, and is not limited to the embodiment.
  • a plurality of traveling trolleys 2 are provided on each of the guide rails 1.
  • the guide rails 1 can be set to two in parallel, one for conveying dishes and one for conveying the bottom of the hot pot.
  • the container has a portable tray, the vegetable dishes are placed under the portable tray, and the meat dishes are placed on the portable tray.
  • the traveling trolley 2 includes a vehicle body panel 21, a traveling wheel mounted on the vehicle body panel 21, and a traveling motor 22, and the traveling motor 22 is connected with a reduction gear box and used to control walking of the walking vehicle.
  • the inverter of the speed, the rotating shaft of the traveling motor 22 is engaged with the traveling wheel through the driving gear.
  • a casing 5 surrounding the lifting mechanism 3 is mounted at the bottom of the trolley 2.
  • the casing 5 has a flying saucer shape.
  • the casing 5 is provided with a plurality of light sources 51. When the traveling trolley 2 or the lifting mechanism 3 is operated, the light source is emitted. 51 cycles light up, can play a dreamy decorative effect.
  • the traveling motor 22 is a 220V right angle 200W brake gear motor, and the driving gear is a high carbon steel hard tooth surface gear, and the surface of the traveling wheel is covered with a wear resistant rubber layer.
  • the friction noise of the walking wheel when walking on the guide rail is small, and the frictional force between the traveling wheel and the guide rail is improved, so as to facilitate the transportation of the walking and the stopping of the brake.
  • the traveling wheel is set as a high carbon steel hard tooth surface gear, and the running surface of the guide rail is further provided with a guide tooth that engages with the traveling wheel.
  • the rework precision and the mutual matching degree of the conversion embodiment are difficult to grasp, it is a beneficial improvement direction, and is not limited to the embodiment.
  • the function of the reduction gearbox is mainly to control the turning speed of the traveling trolley and the deceleration before the braking operation.
  • the traveling motor is in a high-speed rotation state, which is about 1450 rpm.
  • the PLC first controls the operation of the reduction gear box to lower the rotation speed of the traveling motor to avoid the turning state.
  • the soup in the lower dish is flying out; similarly, when the walking car approaches (usually 60-70 cm away from the positioning point), the gearbox also works to ensure accurate positioning.
  • the lifting mechanism 3 includes a rotating base 31 mounted on the traveling carriage 1, a plurality of links 32 and a lifting plate 33.
  • the ends of the plurality of links 32 are sequentially connected to form a link set, the upper end of the link set is fixed to the rotating base 31, the lower end of the link set is connected to the lift plate 33, and the bowl 4 is connected to the lift plate by the lock mechanism 6. 33.
  • the end of the adjacent connecting rod is connected by a hinge, and the first pulling rope 34 is fixed on the second connecting rod at the lowermost end, and the first collecting rope 35 is provided on the rotating seat 31, the first pulling rope
  • the other end of the 34 is connected to the first take-up reel 35.
  • An angle adjusting device is arranged between the two lowermost adjacent links to finely adjust the angle between the two lowermost connecting links.
  • the angle between the adjacent two links is adjusted by controlling the length of the first pull cord 34, thereby achieving the lifting and lowering of the lift plate 33.
  • the placement point of the container has a plurality of different points, it is convenient to perform fine adjustment by rotating the rotation seat 31 and finely adjusting the angle between the two lowermost adjacent links.
  • the angle adjusting device is composed of a second pulling rope 36 and a second collecting rope 37, and the second collecting pulley 37 is mounted on the second connecting rod of the lowermost end, the second pulling rope One end of 36 is fixed to the lowermost link, and the other end of the second drawstring 36 is connected to the take-up reel.
  • the angle adjusting device is replaced by a gear adjusting device, that is, the lowermost two adjacent connecting rods are connected by the meshing gear device, and the gear device is connected with the driving motor, and the adjacent two connecting rods are connected The angle of the angle is controlled by the drive motor, and is not limited to this embodiment.
  • the rotating base is replaced by a non-rotatable body panel 21, and the lowermost two adjacent links are arranged as a rotatable robot structure, such as the lowermost end.
  • the two adjacent links constitute a rotational connection structure through the rotating shaft 38, and the rotation angle of the two adjacent connecting rods at the lowermost end is controlled by the motor, and is not limited to the embodiment.
  • the locking mechanism 6 includes a micro motor and a lock 61.
  • the micro motor controls the lock 61 to move back and forth through the rack gear to achieve the purpose of locking and unlocking.
  • the lock 61 and the micro motor are both mounted on the lifting plate 33, and the locking buckles are matched with the left and right sides to ensure stable locking of the vegetable holder.
  • the locking mechanism includes: a hook, a spring that drives the hook to lock the vegetable, and an electromagnet that drives the hook to unlock the container; the hook, the spring, and the electromagnet are installed On the lifting plate; the lock is locked and unlocked by springs and electromagnets.
  • only one set of electromagnets is used for the suction and the pushing action to realize the locking and unlocking action of the buckle, and is not limited to the embodiment.
  • the walking trolley belt runs on the guide rail in the vegetable holder.
  • the walking brake stops.
  • the lifting mechanism moves, and the container is subjected to its own gravity. The action moves downwards; when the container reaches the predetermined position, the electromagnet on the locking mechanism is energized, the locking mechanism is pushed to open, and the container is lowered; then, under the driving of the lifting motor, the lifting mechanism rises and allows electromagnetic
  • the locking mechanism is locked under the action of the spring; when the lifting mechanism is fully retracted, the lifting motor is powered off, the walking motor is energized, and the walking trolley returns to the kitchen to cycle into the next feeding process.
  • the food feeding device for a food and beverage outlet provided by the embodiment has the same structure as that of the first embodiment, and the difference is that a collecting pulley is arranged on the body panel 21 of the walking trolley, and the collecting pulley is arranged. A pull cord is placed between the lowermost link. In operation, the lifting and lowering of the plurality of links 32 is simultaneously performed using only one drawstring.
  • the food feeding device for a food and beverage outlet provided by the embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the first pull cord 34 and the second pull cord 36 are hidden structures. That is, a wire wheel 39 is provided on the upper side or the lower side of the link 32, and the first cable 34 and the second cable 36 are routed along the surface of the link to improve the aesthetics of the wire.
  • a wire slot is further provided on the upper side or the lower side of the connecting rod 32, and the wire wheel 39 is disposed in the wire groove to make the first cable and the second wire
  • the drawstring is completely hidden in the wire guide and is more aesthetically pleasing.
  • the food feeding device for a food and beverage outlet provided by the embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that the lifting mechanism 3 includes: a lifting motor 310, a pulling rope, and a fork.
  • the lifting motor 310 is fixed on the traveling trolley 2, and the lifting rope mechanism comprises: a collecting rope connected to the rotating shaft of the lifting motor 310, and two ends of the two flat rope fork smoothing mechanisms 311 connecting the collecting rope and the lifting plate 33 respectively It is connected to the trolley 2 and the lifting plate 33.
  • the lifting motor is a 220V, 60W brake gear motor
  • the flat rope is a 30cm ⁇ 0.5cm flexible fiber flat rope.
  • the flat rope may be replaced with a rubber belt, and is not limited to the embodiment.
  • the fork rack stabilizer 311 is a fork set disposed at both ends of the lift plate 33, and the upper end of the fork set is connected to the trolley 2.
  • One of the two connection points of the fork frame and the trolley 2 is a fixed-point rotary connection, and the other is a sliding-type movable connection, as shown in FIG.
  • One advantage of this arrangement is that the control of the lift height can be achieved by simply controlling the position of the junction point of the fork set in the chute. Through a large number of experiments, the lifting height error is no more than 3mm, and the card position accuracy is high.
  • each of the fork sets includes three sets of movablely connected forks, each of which is composed of two equal length links that are rotationally connected at a midpoint.
  • the sliding groove is further provided with a buckle position, which is not limited to the embodiment.
  • the food delivery device for a food and beverage outlet provided by the present embodiment has the same structure as that of the first embodiment.
  • the lifting mechanism 3 includes: a lifting motor 310 connected to the lifting motor 310.
  • the gripper 313 is a weight balance body, that is, the weight of the gripper 313 is greater than the weight of the container to ensure stable operation of the container during the lifting process.
  • the pull cord is one
  • the grip 313 is a movable finger including three shapes and the same weight, and the center of gravity of the three movable finger combinations falls on the straight line where the drawstring is located.
  • the drawstring in order to improve the safety performance, is at least three, and the connection point of the plurality of drawstrings and the vegetable connecting device constitutes a lifting area, and the center of gravity of the vegetable connecting device and the container is connected.
  • the projection is in the lifting area; the gripper is replaced by a hook, a loop, a balance ball or a balance board, etc.; it is not limited to this embodiment.
  • the food feeding device for a food and beverage outlet provided by the embodiment is basically the same as that of the fifth embodiment, and the difference is as follows:
  • a telescopic rod 7 is arranged between the vegetable connecting device and the trolley 2 for controlling the stability of the container connecting device during the lifting process.
  • the container connecting device is preferably a lifting plate 33.
  • the drawstring is six drawstrings evenly distributed around the circumference of the connecting device of the vegetable, each of which passes through a concave pulley and is connected to the take-up reel 312 through a common summary pulley.
  • the set of pulleys is used to prevent the ropes from intertwining and affecting the retraction.
  • the descent device is used to realize the descent by the gravity of the device and the self-gravity of the container, and the pulling force of the reeling motor 210 is used to achieve the rise.
  • the lifting motor is started at a low power and decelerated when the container is close to the predetermined position.
  • the food delivery device for a food and beverage outlet provided by the embodiment has the same structure as that of the eighth embodiment, and the difference is as follows:
  • the telescopic rod 7 is a hollow telescopic tube
  • the vegetable connecting device comprises a lifting plate 33 connected to the bottom of the hollow telescopic tube; the pulling rope is inserted from the upper end of the hollow telescopic tube and fixed to the lifting plate 33. In this way, the entire drawstring is surrounded by the hollow telescopic tube without being exposed, thereby effectively improving the aesthetics of the entire lift mechanism.
  • a plurality of thin steel wire ropes are replaced by a flexible belt or a rope, which effectively saves the processing cost of the lifting mechanism, and the connection structure is simpler.
  • the hollow telescoping tube is replaced with a telescoping hose 8.
  • the bellows 8 includes an elastic outer sleeve 81 and a rigid ring 82 that is clamped in the elastic outer sleeve 81.
  • the advantage of using the telescopic hose 8 instead of the hollow telescopic tube is to prevent the rotation of the connecting device of the container, and to effectively prevent the cable in the telescopic hose 8 from being twisted or entangled (when a plurality of cables are pulled), and the lifting stability is good.
  • the food feeding device for a food and beverage outlet provided by the embodiment has the same structure as that of the eighth embodiment, and the difference is as follows:
  • the number of the telescopic rods 10 is two, and the vegetable connecting device comprises a square plate; one end of the two telescopic rods 10 is connected with the central portion of the square plate, and the other end of the two telescopic rods is connected with the traveling trolley 2.
  • the plurality of drawstring lifting device connecting devices are used, the plurality of drawstrings are easily entangled with each other to affect the lifting process; in this embodiment, by connecting two telescopic rods on the vegetable connecting device, the vegetable dish can be avoided. The occurrence of the rotation phenomenon of the connecting device is more practical.
  • the two telescopic rods are connected to the middle of the vegetable connecting device, the lifting process is very smooth and difficult to be stuck.

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Abstract

一种餐饮店用送菜装置，包括：悬空的导轨（1），设置在导轨（1）上的行走小车（2），设置在行走小车（2）上的升降机构（3）；在升降机构（3）的下端设有盛菜器连接装置（33），在导轨（1）上安装有行车滑触线，在行走小车（2）上设有与行走滑触线接触的电刷。该送菜装置利用行车小车（2）、升降机构（3）和盛菜器连接装置（33）来实现菜品的传送，整个送菜过程无需额外的传菜人员，节约人力成本，同时，由于导轨（1）悬空设置，行走小车（2）运行不占用地面空间，占地空间小、干净卫生。

Description

一种餐饮店用送菜装置 技术领域
本发明涉及机械输送装置技术领域，尤其涉及一种餐饮食店用的送菜装置。
背景技术
目前，餐饮店送菜工作大都通过人工来完成，这需要较多的服务人员，不仅工作效率有限，而且人工成本较高。随着自助餐厅的推广普及，人们对餐厅的舒适度提出了更高的要求，越来越多的餐厅开始使用自动送菜装置。
现有技术中，常见的自动送菜装置主要有：机械链条式，输送带式和流水槽式。一般而言，输送带式和流水槽式在输送过程中容易晃动，难以用来传送含汤汁食材。一篇公开号为CN203226584U的中国专利揭示一种自动小车车道送餐设备，包括送餐小车、专用车道、小车停车及升降设备和主控计算机，其中小车停车及升降设备设置在专用车道上，主控计算机通过指令指引送餐小车沿专用车道行走、操控小车停车及升降设备的工作。然而，现有的这些送菜系统虽然能够节约人力成本，并在一定程度上节约空间。但由于整个送菜系统须在地面运行，占地空间得不到完全释放，而且受人员活动影响，存在交叉污染的隐患，卫生效果并不理想。
 技术问题
针对现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种送菜时不占用地面空间，送菜过程稳定的餐饮店用送菜装置。
 技术解决方案
为达到以上目的，本发明采用如下技术方案。
一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，包括：悬空的导轨，设置在导轨上的行走小车，设置在行走小车上的升降机构；在升降机构的下端设有盛菜器连接装置。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，在导轨上安装有行车滑触线，在行走小车设有与行车滑触线的电刷。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述升降机构包括：多根连杆，多根连杆的端部依次连接构成连杆组，相邻两连杆之间为夹角可调结构。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述夹角可调结构是指：相邻连杆的端部通过铰链连接，在连杆组的下端连杆上连接有至少一根用来驱使连杆组升降的拉绳；
或所述夹角可调结构是指：相邻连杆通过啮合的齿轮装置连接，在齿轮装置上连接有驱动电机，相邻两连杆的夹角大小通过驱动电机来控制。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述拉绳为隐藏式结构，即，在连杆的上侧或下侧设有导线轮，所述拉绳沿连杆的内侧面走线；在连杆的上侧或下侧还设有导线槽，导线轮设置导线槽内，拉绳完全隐藏在导线槽内。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述拉绳包括：设置在最下端往上数第二根连杆上用来驱使连杆组升降的第一拉绳，和设置在最下端两相邻连杆之间设有第二拉绳。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，连杆组最下端两相邻连杆设置成可相互转动的机械手结构，即，最下端两相邻连杆通过转轴构成转动连接结构，并采用电机控制最下端相邻两连杆间的转动角度。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述连杆组安装在行走小车上，并与行走小车之间可相互转动。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述升降机构包括：升降电机，与升降电机连接的收绳轮，以及连接在收绳轮上的至少一根拉绳；在拉绳的下端设有盛菜器连接装置。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述拉绳为一根，所述盛菜器连接装置为重量平衡体，即，盛菜器连接装置的重量大于盛菜器的重量。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述拉绳为至少三根，多根拉绳与盛菜器连接装置的连接点构成一升降区域，盛菜器连接装置与盛菜器连接后的重心正投影在该升降区域内。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述拉绳为细钢丝绳，细钢丝绳穿过一个汇总凹面滑轮后与收绳轮连接；所述细钢丝绳的直径不超过3mm。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，在盛菜器连接装置和行走小车之间设有至少一根伸缩杆。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述伸缩杆为一根中空伸缩管，所述盛菜器连接装置包括连接在中空伸缩管底部的升降板；所述拉绳从中空伸缩管的上端引入下端引出穿入而与升降板连接。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述中空伸缩管用伸缩软管代替，所述伸缩软管包括：弹性外套和卡紧在弹性外套内的刚性圈。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述伸缩杆的数量为两根，两根伸缩杆的一端与盛菜器连接装置的中部连接，两根伸缩杆的另一端与行走小车连接。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述餐饮店用送菜装置还包括有包围升降机构的装饰外壳，该装饰外壳为飞碟形，在装饰外壳上设有至少一圈LED光源。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述盛菜器连接装置为带挂钩或锁扣装置的升降板；或所述盛菜器连接装置为具有至少三个活动手指的机械手。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述锁扣装置包括：设置在升降板端部的锁扣，驱动锁扣进行锁紧动作的弹簧，及驱动锁扣进行解锁动作的电磁铁；或所述锁扣机构锁扣装置包括：微型电机和锁扣，所述微型电机通过齿条传动装置控制锁扣往复运动，达到锁紧和解锁的目的。
作为上述方案的进一步说明，所述挂钩装置为固定在升降板底部中心位置的插销或挂钩。
 有益效果
本发明提供的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，具有以下有益效果：
一、利用行走小车、升降机构和盛菜器连接装置来实现菜品的传送，整个送菜过程无需额外的传菜人员，节约人力成本。同时，由于导轨悬空设置，行走小车运行时，不占用地面空间，也不与顾客接触，占地空间小，干净卫生。此外，通过在导轨上对应安装行车滑触线，并采用电刷将行走小车与行车滑触线连接，避免连接导线的使用，方便实现行走小车的循环运转。
二、升降机构采用连杆组的形式，盛菜器在升降过程中十分平稳；同时，由于连杆组固定在转动座上，相邻两连杆间的夹角可调，方便用户根据实际需要调整盛菜器的放置位置，实用性强。
三、升降机构采用叉架平稳机构，有效避免盛菜器在升降过程中出现晃动，送菜过程十分稳定。
四、升降机构采用单纯的拉绳，并在拉绳下端设置盛菜器连接装置，结构简单，制造成本低。同时，由于盛菜器连接装置的重量大于盛菜器的重量，保证盛菜器升降过程的平稳。
五、升降机构采用伸缩杆和拉绳共同控制进行升降运动，有效防止盛菜器连接装置在升降过程中出现倾斜、晃动。同时，由于拉绳为直径不大于3mm的细钢丝绳，在灯光照射下，细钢丝绳几不可见，不影响升降机构的整体视觉效果。特别地，由于伸缩杆为一根中空伸缩杆，这样，整个拉绳被中空伸缩杆包围住而不外露，有效提高整个升降机构的美观性。
 附图说明
图1所示为本发明提供的送菜装置总体结构示意图；
图2所示为本发明实施例一中单个送菜装置的结构示意图；
图3所示为实施例一中升降机构的结构示意图；
图4所示为升降机构的一种等效实施方式图；
图5所示为本发明实施例二中的升降机构结构示意图；
图6所示为本发明实施例三中的升降机构结构示意图；
图7所示为连杆的一个剖面示意图；
图8所示为本发明实施例四中单个送菜装置的结构示意图；
图9所示为本发明实施例四中的升降机构示意图；
图10所示为本发明实施例五中升降结构的结构示意图；
图11所示为本发明实施例六中升降结构的结构示意图；
图12所示为本发明实施例七中升降结构的结构示意图；
图13所示为伸缩软管结构示意图；
图14所示为本发明实施例八中升降结构的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、导轨， 2、行走小车， 3、升降机构， 4、盛菜器， 5、外壳， 6、锁扣机构， 7、、伸缩杆；
21、车体板， 22、行走电机；
31、转动座， 32、连杆， 33、升降板， 34、第一拉绳， 35、第一收绳轮， 36、第二拉绳， 37、第二收绳轮， 38、转轴， 39、导线轮；
310、升降电机， 311、叉架平稳机构， 312、收绳轮， 313、抓手；
51、出光源；
61、锁扣；
81、弹性外套， 82、刚性圈。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
为方便本领域普通技术人员更好地理解本发明的实质，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细阐述。
实施例一
如图1所示，一种餐饮店用送菜装置，包括：悬空的导轨1，设置在导轨1上的行走小车2，设置在行走小车2上的升降机构3，以及与升降机构3连接的盛菜器4。在导轨1上安装有行车滑触线，为行走小车提供工作电压，所述行走小车2通过电刷与行车滑触线接触。在其他实施方式中，行车滑触线与导轨分开平行设置，或行走小车自带电源，不限于本实施例。
在具体应用中，为提高输送效率，每个导轨1上都设有多个行走小车2。特别地，当上述送菜装置用在火锅店中时，可将导轨1设为并行的两个，一个用来传送菜品，一个用来传送火锅底。同时，为了一次尽可能多的传送菜品，所述盛菜器内设有手提格盘，蔬菜类菜品放在手提格盘下，肉类菜品放置在手提格盘上。
如图2所示，所述行走小车2包括：车体板21，安装在车体板21上的行走轮和行走电机22，所述行走电机22上连接有减速箱和用来控制行走小车行走速度的变频器，行走电机22的转轴通过驱动齿轮与行走轮咬合。在行走小车2的底部安装有包围住升降机构3的外壳5，所述外壳5呈飞碟形，在外壳5上设有多个出光源51，在行走小车2或升降机构3工作时，出光源51循环点亮，能起到梦幻的装饰效果好。
本实施例中，行走电机22采用的是220V直角200W刹车齿轮马达，驱动齿轮采用的是高碳钢硬齿面齿轮，行走轮表面包有耐磨橡胶层。这样，行走轮在导轨上行走时摩擦噪音小，且提高了行走轮与导轨的摩擦力，以便于输送行走及刹车停止。
作为行走轮的一种变换实施方式，将行走轮设为高碳钢硬齿面齿轮，导轨的行走面上还设有与行走轮咬合的导轨齿。这种变换实施方式再加工精度、相互匹配程度上虽然比较难掌握，但不失为一种有益的改进方向，不限于本实施例。
在这里，减速箱所起的作用主要是控制行走小车的转弯速度和刹车操作前的减速。行走小车在正常行走时，行走电机处于高速旋转状态，约为1450转/分钟；当行走小车在导轨上进行转弯时，PLC首先控制减速箱工作，使行走电机的转速降下来，以避免转弯状态下盛菜器中的汤汁飞出；同理，当行走小车接近（一般为离定位点60-70cm）定位点时，减速箱也进行工作，以确保准确定位。结合图3所示，所述升降机构3包括：安装在行走小车上1的转动座31，多根连杆32和升降板33。多根连杆32的端部依次连接构成连杆组，连杆组的上端与转动座31固定，连杆组的下端与升降板33连接，盛菜器4通过锁扣机构6连接到升降板33上。相邻连杆的端部通过铰链连接，在最下端往上数的第二根连杆上固定有第一拉绳34，在转动座31上设有第一收绳轮35，第一拉绳34的另一端与第一收绳轮35连接。在最下端两相邻连接之间设有角度调节装置，对最下端两相邻连杆的夹角进行微调。这样，实际工作时，通过控制第一拉绳34的长短来调整相邻两连杆之间的夹角，进而实现升降板33的升降。特别地，当盛菜器的放置点具有多个不同点时，通过旋转转动座31，并对最下端两相邻连杆的夹角进行微调即可，实现方便。
本实施例中，所述角度调节装置由第二拉绳36和第二收绳轮37组成，第二收绳轮37安装在最下端往上数的第二根连杆上，第二拉绳36的一端与最下端连杆固定，第二拉绳36的另一端与收绳轮连接。在其他实施方式中，所述角度调节装置用齿轮调节装置代替，即，最下端相邻两连杆之间通过啮合的齿轮装置连接，在齿轮装置上连接有驱动电机，相邻两连杆的夹角大小通过驱动电机来控制，不限于本实施例。
如图4所示，作为上述升降机构的一种等效实施方式，转动座用不可转动的车体板21代替，而将最下端两相邻连杆设置成可转动的机械手结构，如最下端两相邻连杆通过转轴38构成转动连接结构，并采用电机控制最下端相邻两连杆的转动角度，不限于本实施例。
所述锁扣机构6包括：微型电机和锁扣61，所述微型电机通过齿条传动装置控制锁扣61来回运动，达到锁紧和解锁的目的。本实施例中，锁扣61和微型电机都安装在升降板33板上，且锁扣为相互配合的左右两个，以保证能稳定锁住盛菜器。作为锁扣机构的一种等效实施方式，锁扣机构包括：挂钩，驱动挂钩锁紧盛菜器的弹簧，及驱动挂钩解锁盛菜器的电磁铁；所述挂钩、弹簧、电磁铁都安装在升降板上；锁扣通过弹簧和电磁铁来实现锁紧和解锁的目的。作为锁扣机构的另一种等效实施方式，仅采用一组电磁铁进行吸推动作来实现锁扣的锁紧、解锁动作，不限于本实施例。
实际工作时，在行走电机的驱动下，行走小车带在盛菜器在导轨上运行，当盛菜器到达指定位置时，行走小车刹车停止；这时，升降机构动作，盛菜器受自身重力作用向下运动；当盛菜器达到既定位置时，给锁扣机构上的电磁铁通电，推动打开锁扣机构，放下盛菜器；然后，在升降电机驱动下，升降机构上升，并让电磁铁断电，在弹簧作用下，锁扣机构锁紧；当升降机构完全收回时，升降电机断电，行走电机通电，行走小车返回厨房循环进入下一个送菜流程。
 本发明的实施方式
实施例二
如图5所示，本实施例提供的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其结构与实施例一基本一致，区别在于，在行走小车的车体板21上设置收绳轮，在收绳轮与最下端一根连杆之间设置一根拉绳。工作时，仅利用一根拉绳同时实现多根连杆32的升降。
实施例三
如图6所示，本实施例提供的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其结构与实施例一基本一致，区别在于，所述第一拉绳34和第二拉绳36都为隐藏式结构，即，在连杆32的上侧或下侧设有导线轮39，所述第一拉绳34和第二拉绳36沿连杆表面走线，以提高走线的美观性。
如图7所示，作为本实施例的一种等效实施方式，在连杆32的上侧或下侧还设有导线槽，导线轮39设置导线槽内，使第一拉绳和第二拉绳完全隐藏在导线槽内，美观性更好。
实施例四
如图8、图9所示，本实施例提供的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其结构与实施例一基本一致，区别在于：所述升降机构3包括：升降电机310，拉绳，叉架平稳机构311和升降板33。其中，升降电机310固定在行走小车2上，升降绳索机构包括：与升降电机310转轴连接的收绳轮，连接收绳轮和升降板33的两根扁绳叉架平稳机构311的两端分别连接在行走小车2和升降板33上。
优选地，所述升降电机为220V、60W刹车齿轮马达，所述扁绳为30cm×0.5cm的柔性纤维扁绳。其他实施方式中，所述扁绳可用橡胶皮带替代，不局限于本实施例。
所述叉架平稳机构311为设置在升降板33两端的叉架组，叉架组的上端与行走小车2连接。叉架组与行走小车2的两个连接点中的一个为定点转动连接，另一个为滑槽式活动连接，如图8所示。这样设置的一个好处是，只需控制滑槽中叉架组连接点的位置，即可达到控制升降高度的目的。通过大量实验验证，升降高度误差不大于3mm，卡位精准度高。
本实施例中，每个叉架组包括三组活动连接的叉架，每个叉架由中点旋转连接的两个等长连杆构成。为保证盛菜器在传送过程中的平稳性，优选叉架组为两个，设置在与盛菜器运行方向平行的两侧。通过叉架组的结构设计，有效防止盛菜器在传送过程中出现晃动，尤其在传送含汤汁的火锅底料时，这种防晃动设计具有重要意义。作为滑槽式活动连接的一个优选实施方式，所述滑槽内还设有卡扣位，不局限于本实施例。
实施例五
如图10所示，本实施例提供的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其结构与实施例一基本一致，区别在于：所述升降机构3包括：升降电机310，与升降电机310连接的收绳轮312，以及连接在收绳轮312上的拉绳；在拉绳的下端设有替代升降板的抓手313。
所述抓手313为重量平衡体，即，抓手313的重量大于盛菜器的重量，以保证盛菜器在升降过程中能稳定运行。本实施例中，拉绳为一根，抓手313为包括三个形状、重量一致的活动手指，三个活动手指组合的重心落在拉绳所在直线上。
在其他实施方式中，为提高安全性能，所述拉绳为至少三根，多根拉绳与盛菜器连接装置的连接点构成一升降区域，盛菜器连接装置与盛菜器连接后的重心正投影在该升降区域内；所述抓手采用挂钩、挂环、平衡球或平衡板等代替；不限于本实施例。
实施例六
如图11所示，本实施例提供的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其结构与实施例五基本一致，区别在于：
在盛菜器连接装置和行走小车2之间设有伸缩杆7，用来控制盛菜器连接装置在升降过程中的平稳性。所述盛菜器连接装置优选为升降板33。
其中，所述拉绳为均匀分布在盛菜器连接装置周沿的六根拉绳，每根拉绳通过一个凹面滑轮后，再通过一个共同的汇总滑轮与收绳轮312连接。汇总滑轮的设置用来防止各拉绳间相互缠绕而影响收放。
实际工作时，利用盛菜器连接装置和盛菜器自身重力来实现下降，利用升降电机210的巻绳拉力来实现上升。特别地，为防止下降速度过快，在盛菜器接近既定位置时，升降电机小功率启动，进行减速。
实施例七
如图12所示，本实施例提供的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其结构与实施例八基本一致，区别在于：
一、所述伸缩杆7为一根中空伸缩管,所述盛菜器连接装置包括连接在中空伸缩管底部的升降板33；拉绳从中空伸缩管的上端穿入而与升降板33固定。这样,整个拉绳被中空伸缩管包围住而不外露，有效提高整个升降机构的美观性。
二、多根细钢丝绳采用一根柔性带或绳子替换，有效节约升降机构的加工成本，连接结构更加简单。
在其他实施方式中，所述中空伸缩管采用伸缩软管8代替。如图13所示，所述伸缩软管8包括：弹性外套81和卡紧在弹性外套81内的刚性圈82。采用伸缩软管8代替中空伸缩管的好处是：防止盛菜器连接装置发生转动，有效避免位于伸缩软管8内的拉绳扭曲或缠绕（多根拉绳时），升降平稳性好。
实施例八
如图14所示，本实施例提供的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其结构与实施例八基本一致，区别在于：
所述伸缩杆10的数量为两根，所述盛菜器连接装置包括一方形板；两根伸缩杆10的一端与方形板的中部连接,两根伸缩杆的另一端与行走小车2连接。在采用多根拉绳升降盛菜器连接装置时,多根拉绳间极易相互缠绕而影响升降过程；本实施例通过在盛菜器连接装置上连接两根伸缩杆,能避免盛菜器连接装置旋转现象的发生,实用性更好。另外,由于两根伸缩杆连接在盛菜器连接装置的中部，升降过程十分流畅，不易卡死。
以上具体实施方式对本发明的实质进行了详细说明，但并不能以此来对本发明的保护范围进行限制。显而易见地，在本发明实质的启示下，本领域普通技术人员还可做些许改进，比如在外壳内设置导向轮，将收绳轮安装在外壳外部，以提高外壳内部利用空间等等。但凡依照本发明之实质，所做的简单改进、修饰或等效变换，都落在本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，包括：悬空的导轨，设置在导轨上的行走小车，设置在行走小车上的升降机构；在升降机构的下端设有盛菜器连接装置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，在导轨上安装有行车滑触线，在行走小车设有与行车滑触线的电刷。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述升降机构包括：多根连杆，多根连杆的端部依次连接构成连杆组，相邻两连杆之间为夹角可调结构。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述夹角可调结构是指：相邻连杆的端部通过铰链连接，在连杆组的下端连杆上连接有至少一根用来驱使连杆组升降的拉绳；
    或所述夹角可调结构是指：相邻连杆通过啮合的齿轮装置连接，在齿轮装置上连接有驱动电机，相邻两连杆的夹角大小通过驱动电机来控制。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述拉绳为隐藏式结构，即，在连杆的上侧或下侧设有导线轮，所述拉绳沿连杆的内侧面走线；在连杆的上侧或下侧还设有导线槽，导线轮设置导线槽内，拉绳完全隐藏在导线槽内。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述拉绳包括：设置在最下端往上数第二根连杆上用来驱使连杆组升降的第一拉绳，和设置在最下端两相邻连杆之间设有第二拉绳。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，连杆组最下端两相邻连杆设置成可相互转动的机械手结构，即，最下端两相邻连杆通过转轴构成转动连接结构，并采用电机控制最下端相邻两连杆间的转动角度。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述连杆组安装在行走小车上，并与行走小车之间可相互转动。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述升降机构包括：升降电机，与升降电机连接的收绳轮，以及连接在收绳轮上的至少一根拉绳；在拉绳的下端设有盛菜器连接装置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述拉绳为一根，所述盛菜器连接装置为重量平衡体，即，盛菜器连接装置的重量大于盛菜器的重量。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述拉绳为至少三根，多根拉绳与盛菜器连接装置的连接点构成一升降区域，盛菜器连接装置与盛菜器连接后的重心正投影在该升降区域内。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述拉绳为细钢丝绳，细钢丝绳穿过一个汇总凹面滑轮后与收绳轮连接；所述细钢丝绳的直径不超过3mm。
  13. 根据权利要求1或9所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，在盛菜器连接装置和行走小车之间设有至少一根伸缩杆。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述伸缩杆为一根中空伸缩管，所述盛菜器连接装置包括连接在中空伸缩管底部的升降板；所述拉绳从中空伸缩管的上端引入下端引出而与升降板连接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述中空伸缩管用伸缩软管代替，所述伸缩软管包括：弹性外套和卡紧在弹性外套内的刚性圈。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述伸缩杆的数量为两根，两根伸缩杆的一端与盛菜器连接装置的中部连接，两根伸缩杆的另一端与行走小车连接。
  17. 根据权利要求1或9所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，在盛菜器连接装置和行走小车之间设有至少一个叉架平稳机构；所述叉架平稳机构包括多个叉架依次连接而成的叉架组，每个叉架由两个等长的连杆组成，两个连杆的中点相互可旋转的连在一起。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，叉架组的上端通过两个连接点与行走小车连接，两个连接点中的一个为定点转动连接，两个连接点中的另一个为滑槽式活动连接。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，它还包括有包围升降机构的装饰外壳，该装饰外壳为飞碟形，在装饰外壳上设有至少一圈LED光源。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述盛菜器连接装置为带挂钩或锁扣装置的升降板；或所述盛菜器连接装置为具有至少三个活动手指的机械手。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述锁扣装置包括：设置在升降板端部的锁扣，驱动锁扣进行锁紧动作的弹簧，及驱动锁扣进行解锁动作的电磁铁；或所述锁扣机构锁扣装置包括：微型电机和锁扣，所述微型电机通过齿条传动装置控制锁扣往复运动，达到锁紧和解锁的目的。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的一种餐饮店用送菜装置，其特征在于，所述挂钩装置为固定在升降板底部中心位置的插销或挂钩。
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