WO2015081642A1 - 热压电阻焊显微焊接设备 - Google Patents

热压电阻焊显微焊接设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015081642A1
WO2015081642A1 PCT/CN2014/073979 CN2014073979W WO2015081642A1 WO 2015081642 A1 WO2015081642 A1 WO 2015081642A1 CN 2014073979 W CN2014073979 W CN 2014073979W WO 2015081642 A1 WO2015081642 A1 WO 2015081642A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
force
head
electrode
hot
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/073979
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨仕桐
Original Assignee
广州微点焊设备有限公司
杨仕桐
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Publication date
Application filed by 广州微点焊设备有限公司, 杨仕桐 filed Critical 广州微点焊设备有限公司
Publication of WO2015081642A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015081642A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
    • B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/24—Electric supply or control circuits therefor
    • B23K11/25—Monitoring devices
    • B23K11/252—Monitoring devices using digital means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0211—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in cutting
    • B23K35/0216—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/02—Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of welding, in particular to a thermo-compression resistance welding micro-welding device combining two welding techniques of electric resistance welding and hot-welding.
  • the traditional technology has a printed circuit board replenishing machine, which adopts the method of resistance welding parallel gap welding.
  • the electric resistance welding power source has the advantages of high output energy precision, firm and fast welding, etc. through the fine adjustment of the electric parameters, but the resistance welding often faces the electrode.
  • the pressure is not enough.
  • the long-cantilever welding machine of patent number "CN200410027184.7” is a wire-feeding machine that uses the principle of resistance welding parallel gap.
  • This traditional technique has gaps between two parallel electrodes and Spot welding is required at both ends of the broken wire, so the disadvantage of the conventional wire filling machine is that it has seam welding, which is difficult and cumbersome to operate.
  • thermo-compression welding uses temperature sensors to regulate the welding temperature. Therefore, hot-welding is not required for welding power sources. Since thermo-compression welding is performed by "heating” and “pressurizing” the weldments, there is a poor welding robustness. The shortcomings of long welding time, etc., but because of only one welding, it is easy to operate, especially with the advantage of seamless welding.
  • thermocompression resistance welding microwelding apparatus incorporating a combination of hot press welding and electric resistance welding techniques.
  • the hot-press electric resistance welding micro-welding device comprises a hot press head and a resistance welding power source
  • the hot press head is equipped with a horizontal clip type welding head clip
  • the horizontal clip welding head is provided with a parallel electrode welding head
  • the horizontal clip welding head clip is electrically connected to the electric resistance welding power source through a cable.
  • the horizontal clip welding head clip includes a welding head clip fixing portion, a welding head clip movable portion and a spacing slit formed between the two, and an electrode interface, wherein the welding head clip fixing portion is connected to the sliding shaft of the machine head Mounted on the hot press head, the electrode interface can be opened and closed in the direction of the front and rear elevations of the hot press head, and the parallel electrode welding head is mounted on the electrode interface.
  • the electrode interface is offset from the forward side end of the cross clamp weld head relative to the position at which the cross clamp weld head is coupled to the hot press head.
  • the welding head clip fixing portion has a circular arc interface, and the metal member having the same circular arc interface is locked with the circular arc interface on the head sliding shaft.
  • the welding head clip fixing portion and the movable portion are respectively provided with stepped protrusions at a top end adjacent to the electrode interface, and a cable connected to the electric resistance welding power source is fixed in the stepped manner. On the raised part.
  • the resistance welding power source is an inverter secondary rectification filtering output power source, and the output end of the inverter secondary rectification filtering output power source is installed such that a transient response curve of the secondary current output is changed from a pulsation curve.
  • the hot press head has a precise electrode force pressurization system including a welding force transmission device mounted on the head frame, a precise electrode force presetting device, and welding Force breaking device;
  • the welding force transmission device transmits the welding power through its torque, and converts the welding force into an electrode force to be transmitted to the welding head clip;
  • the precise electrode force presetting device provides a setting for pre-setting the quantized electrode force, and when the electrode force is detected to reach a predetermined amount, driving the resistance welding power source to provide a welding current;
  • the welding force breaking device blocks the torque transmission of the welding force while the welding is completed.
  • the welding force transmission device includes a welding force transmission structure, an electrode force transmission structure, and a welding force buffer structure;
  • the welding force transmission structure includes a welding force guiding shaft and a welding force conductor; the welding force is transmitted by the welding force conductor under the guidance of the welding force guiding shaft;
  • the electrode force conducting structure comprises an electrode force guiding shaft and a welding head clip; the electrode force is transmitted through the welding head clip under the guidance of the electrode force guiding shaft;
  • the welding force buffering structure is configured to provide a buffering action for the transmission process of the welding force; the welding force buffering structure includes at least one compression spring acting between the welding force conducting structure and the electrode force conducting structure.
  • the precise electrode force presetting device comprises a precise electrode force presetting structure and an electrode force circuit;
  • the precise electrode force pre-setting structure adopts an electrode force pre-setting structure realized by a follow-up structure or an electrode force pre-setting structure realized by a pressure sensor, and the precise electrode force pre-setting structure is used for setting a quantized electrode force;
  • the electrode force circuit and the resistance welding power source are electrically connected to control the on and off of the welding current.
  • the welding force breaking device comprises an electromagnet structure and an electromagnet circuit that drives the electromagnet to operate;
  • the electromagnet structure includes two electromagnets disposed in a torque transmission path of the welding force; the two electromagnets are mounted on the welding force transmission structure;
  • the electromagnet circuit is electrically connected to the two electromagnets and the electrode force circuit, respectively, for receiving an electrical signal of the electrode force circuit to open or turn on the pull-in state of the two electromagnets. Conducted by a torque that blocks or communicates the welding force.
  • the two electromagnets are two suction cup type electromagnets, or one of the electromagnets is a suction cup type electromagnet and the other is a ferromagnetic body.
  • the hot press head is provided with an electric control box, and the electric control box is installed with a structure for feeding the hot press head electric appliance.
  • the electric control box is installed with a structure for presetting the electric parameter output of the spot welding power source, and the pre-set structure of the electric parameter output includes a structure preset by the dialing switch mode or a display mode Pre-set structure with buttons.
  • the parallel electrode horn is a parallel electrode horn with a tangential cutter, and includes a horn main body portion and a welding head extending from the horn main body portion, the welding head portion includes a welding portion and The tangential cutter portion, the weld portion and the tangential cutter portion respectively extend to form a weld tip and a tangential cutter tip.
  • the parallel electrode horn with a tangential cutter comprises a parallel electrode horn with a welded tip connected with a tangential cutter, or a parallel electrode horn with a welded tip contact tangential cutter, or a welded tip insulated tangential cutter Parallel electrode horns.
  • the welded portion and the tangential cutter portion are connected by an insulating spacer layer, or the welded portion and the tangential cutter portion are a joint structure of the intrinsic metal of the welding head, between the welding tip and the tangential cutter tip There are insulation layers separating and separating the small grooves.
  • the tangential cutter tip has an extended length greater than the extension length of the soldering tip in the direction.
  • the end surface of the soldering tip is a planar structure.
  • the hot press head is fixedly integrated with the microscopic optical device, and the microscopic optical device comprises a microscopic optical support and a microscopic optical lens, and the microscopic optical lens comprises a stereo microscope.
  • the microscopic optical device comprises a microscopic optical support and a microscopic optical lens
  • the microscopic optical lens comprises a stereo microscope.
  • a handpiece or a monocular microscope and a CCD camera are mounted on the microscopic optical support.
  • the micro-optical support comprises a cantilever beam fixed on the head frame and a mechanically connected column, a cross-hole frame, a horizontal column and a frame with an angle and a focal length fine adjustment, and the microscopic optical lens is mounted on the On the frame.
  • the invention Compared with the prior art, the invention combines the advantages of the two welding techniques of electric resistance welding and hot-welding welding, and has the characteristics that the welding parameters can be precisely controlled, the welding is fast and fast, the operation is simple and the seamless welding is performed, and the hot-press resistance welding of the invention
  • Micro-welding equipment can not only weld various metal wires and metal strips, but also provide a new welding equipment for soldering various pins of electronic components. It can also be used as a wire-relaying machine for repairing printed circuit boards.
  • the copper strip is connected as a ribbon strip machine.
  • the invention includes the following six parts of the invention:
  • the present invention is the first to propose a precise electrode force pressurization system for electromechanical integration on a hot press head and a hot press head.
  • the precise electrode force pressing system realizes the synergy and mutual restraint of the welding force transmission device, the precise electrode force presetting device and the welding force breaking device, and realizes that the electrode force is maintained within a preset range throughout the welding period. Keep it relatively constant.
  • the invention proposes a structure of a hot press head with an electric control box, pre-setting the electric parameters of the welding power source through the electric control box and feeding the head, simplifying and reducing the electrical connection of various electric appliances on the head. So that the hot press head can be a universal head independently of the main unit.
  • the opening and closing direction of the electrode interface of the horizontal clamp type welding head clip is in the direction of the front and rear elevations of the head, which is advantageous for exposing the weldment and facilitating the welding operation.
  • the present invention proposes to install a high-power secondary rectifying filter inductor at the output end of the inverter power source, and has an unexpected technical effect in realizing a continuous and stable output of the low-power inverter power source.
  • the invention proposes a parallel electrode welding head with a tangential cutter to realize the function of cutting off the tail end of the excess weldment while the welding is completed, thereby effectively improving the welding efficiency and the welding quality.
  • the invention proposes a structure in which the hot press head and the microscopic optical device are integrally assembled, which not only avoids the microscopic optical device from interfering with the welding operation, but also realizes the unique structure of the opto-mechatronics hot press head.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structural principle of a micro-welding apparatus for hot-press electric resistance welding of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hot press head of the present invention and a precise electrode force pressurizing system therefor.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the hot press head with the electric control box of the present invention pre-set by the dial switch on the electric control box.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the hot press head with the electric control box of the present invention pre-set on the electric control box with a display screen.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the horizontal clip type welding head clip of the present invention, which is shown in a side view and a top view, respectively, in a side-by-side manner.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the electrical principle of the inverter secondary rectification and filtering output power supply of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a structural schematic view showing the connection between the welded portion and the tangential knives of the parallel electrode horn of the present invention with an insulating spacer, and the front view and the side view are respectively shown side by side.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the same metal joint between the welded portion and the tangential knives of the parallel electrode horn with a knives according to the present invention, and the front view state and the side view state are respectively shown side by side.
  • Fig. 9 is a structural view showing the heat press head of the present invention integrally mounted with the micro-optical device, showing the front view state and the side view state in a side-by-side manner.
  • the micro-welding equipment is for a micro-workpiece that cannot be welded in a direct-view state, and the proposed precision of the electrode force is controlled. ⁇ 0.5N, the energy output accuracy is controlled at ⁇ 1.0J, and the welding equipment for welding work under the microscopic optical amplifying device is required.
  • the hot-pressing electric resistance welding micro-welding device of the invention combines the advantages of electric resistance welding and thermo-compression welding, and the main improvements involve the following six parts: a hot pressing machine head, a hot pressing machine head and an electric control box integrated structure, an electric resistance welding power source, Horizontal clamp weld head clamp, parallel electrode weld head with knives and microscopic optical amplifying device.
  • a large block 101 represents a nose frame
  • a small block 102 represents a welding power (welding force) of a spot welder providing an external power source
  • 103 is a welding force transmission structure
  • 104 is a welding force buffer structure
  • 105 is an electrode.
  • 106 is a precise electrode force pre-setting device
  • 107 is a welding force breaking device
  • 108 is a welding head clamp and an electrode
  • 109 is a welding piece
  • 110 is a main body equipped with an electric resistance welding power source and a resistance welding power supply control device.
  • FIG. 111 is an electric control box
  • 112 is a micro-optical device, wherein a solid arrow indicates a force (moment) conduction relationship, a dotted arrow indicates a current or an electric signal conduction relationship; a single arrow is a one-way action, and a double arrow is a two-way action. Therefore, it can be seen that FIG. 1 is mainly explained by two main lines of the action relationship of force and the action relationship of electricity.
  • the precise electrode force pressurization system includes the welding force transmission device composed of the welding force transmission structure 103, the welding force buffer structure 104 and the electrode force transmission structure 105 in FIG. 1, and the precise electrode force presetting device. 106 and the welding force breaking device 107, the above structure is mutually restricted by the synergy of electromechanical integration, and the basic effect required by the precise electrode pressure pressing system is realized; and the electric control box mainly feeds the electric appliance on the handpiece and The electrical parameters of the resistance welding power supply output can be pre-set; the precise electrode force pressing system and the electric control box are installed around the head frame to form the hot press head portion of the present invention.
  • the hot press head of the hot-press electric resistance welding micro-welding apparatus of the present invention employs the following head having a precise electrode force pressurizing system. It should be noted that the disclosure of the handpiece of the precise electrode force pressing system herein should not be used to define the wide adaptability of the handpiece of the present invention, and it should be understood that the welding head clip and its parallel electrode welding head disclosed later in the present invention should be understood. The adaptability is also very common and applies to almost any known type of handpiece.
  • the present invention also proposes two concepts of "precision electrode force presetting” and “accurate electrode force pressing system”, which are also introduced in advance.
  • the so-called welding force is a force for performing a welding operation on the relevant mechanical member and the electrode
  • the so-called electrode force is a force acting on the weldment by the electrode. Therefore, the difference between the two is that the stroke of the welding force is longer than the electrode force, and the force of the welding force is larger than the electrode force.
  • the electrode force pre-setting device is a structure in which the resistance welding pre-sets the action of the electrode on the weldment and through which the spot welding power source is turned on.
  • the precise electrode force presetting device proposed by the present invention pre-sets the quantized electrode force, and turns on the structure of the spot welding power source when the welding force reaches the instantaneously determined electrode force.
  • the so-called "precise" requirement in the “precise electrode force presetting device” of the present invention means that the electrode force is 0.1.
  • N is the unit of measurement accuracy to meet the welding requirements for small workpieces.
  • Electrode force pressurization system is a general term for the electrode force-related structure of the weldment during the welding period.
  • the precise electrode force pressurization system means that the output precision of the electrode force provided to the weldment can be within ⁇ 0.5 during the entire welding period.
  • the precise electrode force pressurization system must have the following three basic contents: one is that the electrode force pre-setting device must be a precise electrode force pre-setting device; the other is that the electrode force is maintained within a preset range throughout the welding period. And to maintain a relatively constant; third, at the same time as the welding is completed, it is necessary to break the excessive welding force to pressurize the weldment.
  • the spot welding machine head of the precise electrode force pressing system of the invention comprises three parts: a welding force transmission device, an electrode force presetting device and a welding force breaking device, and the three structures are combined and mutually constrained to realize The electrode forces are maintained and relatively constant over a predetermined range throughout the weld period.
  • the hot press head and the head frame have four front and rear façades, and the front façade of the machine head is 201. After the front façade of the nose is clarified, the rear façade of the nose and the left and right sides are also defined. Facade.
  • a post 202 is fixed to the façade near the head frame, and the lower section of the column is fixedly mounted on the workbench.
  • a small shaft 203, a middle shaft 204, and a sliding shaft 205 that are vertically mounted substantially parallel to the column 202 are disposed on the head frame; and a transversely mounted central shaft clamp 206 that is substantially perpendicular to the column 202 And sliding shaft clamp 207.
  • One end of the central axle clamp 206 is fastened to the central shaft 204, and the other end of the central axle clamp 206 is connected to the return spring 221 sleeved on the welding power transmission rod (or cable) 222 by an electromagnet structure to receive the external Welding power; one end of the sliding shaft clamp 207 is tightly connected with the sliding shaft 205, the sliding shaft 205 can be moved up and down by the welding force, and the upper and lower sections of the central shaft 204 are respectively provided with compression springs 208, 209, and the sliding shaft clamp 207 is The central shaft 204 is disposed through, and at the corresponding position where the sliding shaft clamp 207 is penetrated by the central shaft 204, the upper and lower end surfaces of the sliding shaft clamp 207 respectively abut or connect the compression springs 208, 209, that is, each compression spring 208 or 209 One end is in contact with the sliding shaft 207, and the other end is in contact with the sliding shaft clamp 207; the small shaft 203 is disposed through the middle shaft clamp
  • One section 210 is disposed between the top of the head frame and the middle axle clamp 206, and serves as a buffer between the two. 211, one end is in contact with the bottom of the head frame, and the other end is opposite to the sliding shaft clamp 207. Have a dampening effect.
  • the lower end of the sliding shaft 205 is fixedly connected to the welding head clamp 212, and the parallel electrode welding head is mounted on the welding head clamp 212.
  • the electric resistance welding power supply 213 is connected to the electrode through the upper surface of the welding head clamp 212 via the output cable 214, and is mechanically connected to the welding head. Clip 212.
  • the welding force transmitting structure of the present invention includes the small shaft 203, the middle shaft 204, the center shaft clamp 206, and the sliding shaft clamp 207 which realize a predetermined mounting structure;
  • the electrode force transmitting structure of the present invention includes A sliding shaft 205 and a cross-clamping horn clip 212 of a predetermined mounting structure are realized;
  • the welding force buffering structure of the present invention includes a first set of compression springs 208, 209 and a second mounted on the central shaft 204 and the small shaft 203, respectively. The sets compress springs 210, 211.
  • the small shaft 203 and the middle shaft 204 are guide shafts for welding (moving) force
  • the middle shaft clamp 206 and the sliding shaft clamp 207 are conductors for welding force
  • the small shaft 203 and slide are controlled from the functions realized by the respective components.
  • the shaft 205 is a guide shaft of the electrode force
  • the horn clip 212 is a conductor of the electrode force.
  • the essence of the welding force buffering structure refers to a compression spring installed between the welding force conducting structure and the electrode force conducting structure, and the function thereof includes gently transmitting the welding force to the electrode force conducting structure and when When the welding force is broken, the welding force can still be maintained by the action of the compression spring, that is, by providing a structure for buffering torque transmission in the above torque transmission path, the force transmission is softer, that is,
  • the welding force buffer structure of the present invention is constructed.
  • the specific implementation manner of the welding force buffer structure can be various, for example, the embodiment can be improved, so that the welding force buffer structure retains only one set of spring combinations.
  • only one compression spring is disposed between the welding force conducting structure and the electrode force conducting structure (for example, a compression spring 210 is disposed between the upper middle shaft clamp 206 of the small shaft 203 and the top wall of the head frame, and the other is used for three compressions. Springs, and so on, all belong to the welding force buffering structure proposed by the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the compression springs 208, 209 can be used as a buffering function as described above when they are built in the center shaft, but can be regarded as part of the welding force buffer structure, but viewed from another functional perspective.
  • it further functions as a precise electrode force pre-setting structure with a follow-up structure.
  • the present invention is provided with an electrode force circuit 216 at the front end of the head frame 201, and the precise electrode force presetting structure and the electrode force circuit constitute the precise electrode force presetting device of the present invention.
  • the upper and lower two compression springs 208, 209 are fixed at the factory, and the reaction force of the external force is also established.
  • the precise electrode force presetting device includes a precise electrode force presetting structure and an electrode force circuit, and the precise electrode force presetting structure can be implemented by using a follow-up structure as shown in FIG.
  • the sensor structure is realized, and the electrode force circuit is electrically connected to the resistance welding power source.
  • the compression springs 208, 209 play a very ingenious role in the above embodiments, which can function as a welding force buffer structure and also function as a precise electrode force pre-setting structure. .
  • the compression springs 208, 209 are not necessary implementations for both structures, and may be in some embodiments. It is replaced, however, the use of compression springs 208, 209 can achieve both structures at the same time, which is obviously a better solution. Those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of this.
  • the welding force breaking device comprises an electromagnet structure and an electromagnet circuit for driving the electromagnet structure.
  • the electromagnet structure comprises two electromagnets and an electromagnet circuit which are oppositely disposed, and the two electromagnets are mounted on the welding force.
  • the welding force torque transmission path constructed by the conductive structure constitutes a necessary path of the path, so that the torque transmission or the conduction torque transmission can be broken.
  • the two electromagnets may be two suction cup type electromagnets, or one of them may be a suction cup type electromagnet and the other may be a ferromagnetic body.
  • the two electromagnets of the electromagnet circuit are electrically connected to the electrode force circuit of the precise electrode force presetting device to be controlled by the electrode force circuit.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing two electromagnets respectively mounted on a welding force transmission structure.
  • one end of the center shaft clamp 206 is coupled to the center shaft 204, and the other end of the center shaft clamp 206 is mounted with a suction cup type electromagnetic
  • the iron 217 is mounted with another suction cup type electromagnet 218 underneath, and the two suction cup type electromagnets are connected in an openable and closable manner, and can be specifically fixed by a screw and a center shaft clamp 206 equipped with an electromagnet 217.
  • the suction cup body equipped with another electromagnet 218 is slidably mounted along the screws.
  • the electromagnet 218 can be fixed with the suction cup and the top end of the welding power rod 222, and is supported by the return spring 221. It can be seen that this electromagnetic structure occupies a part of the torque transmission path of the welding power, and the opening or closing of the two electromagnets can affect the torque transmission of the welding power. Therefore, since the electromagnet 218 is connected to the welding power pull rod (cable) 222 through its mounting member (the suction cup body), the return spring 221 is pressed against the electromagnet 218 and a fixing member, and the electromagnet circuit is respectively The two electromagnets and the electrode force circuit 216 of the electrode force presetting device are electrically connected. Therefore, by the control of the electrode force circuit 216, the electromagnet structure can be driven to perform the welding force breaking operation.
  • the two electromagnets are in mutual adsorption state, and the welding power pulls the middle shaft clamp through the pull-down pull rod 222, thereby transmitting the torque through the welding force transmission structure and the electrode force transmission structure, thereby providing welding power for the whole machine, driving The welding head clamps the welding head to perform the welding operation.
  • the electrode force circuit When the electrode force of the welding head pressing the welding piece reaches a preset value, the electrode force circuit conducts the welding power source on one hand, and provides the welding current for the welding head to perform welding, and on the other hand, the electrode The force circuit sends a signal to the electromagnet circuit, disconnects the electromagnet circuit, and the two electromagnets that are attracted together are naturally pulled apart, and the middle shaft clamp and the structure connected thereto are also reset by the compression spring. The conduction of the welding force is blocked, and at this time, the external force can be removed, and the return spring pushes the electromagnet 218 back to the state connected with the center shaft clamp 206 due to its release force, and the inertia further acts on the welding force transmission.
  • the structure and the electrode force transmission structure, the parallel electrode welding head is completely reset, and enters the next working cycle to achieve the breaking of the welding force.
  • the welding power no longer functions after a welding operation is completed, and the return spring can be directly or indirectly turned on during reset by using a micro-touch switch (not shown) connected to the electrode force circuit in a known manner.
  • the micro-touch switch can be fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the middle shaft clamp near the electromagnet position, for example, so that the signal can be sent to the electrode force circuit by the conduction trigger of the micro-touch switch, and connected by the electrode force circuit.
  • the two electromagnets are again tightly adsorbed together, and the conduction of the welding force is connected, so that the whole machine returns to the standby state.
  • the two electromagnets 217, 218 may be two suction cup type electromagnets or one is a suction cup type electromagnet and the other is a ferromagnetic body.
  • the precise electrode force pressing system of the present invention comprises a welding force conducting structure, a welding force buffering structure, an electrode force conducting structure, an electromagnet structure, an electromagnet circuit, and an accurate electrode force.
  • the electromechanical pressure system consisting of a pre-set structure and an electrode force circuit plays an important role in controlling the entire electrode force pressurization system.
  • the electrode force circuit When the electrode force circuit detects that the welding force reaches a preset value, the electrode force circuit issues a command to the welding power source to turn on the spot welding power source, and on the other hand, issues an instruction to the electromagnet circuit to make the electromagnet guide.
  • the electromagnet structure By adsorbing the adsorbed iron block, the electromagnet structure sways the welding force conducting structure to prevent the torque transmission from preventing excessive welding force from acting on the electrode.
  • the diameter of the welded piece welded by the hot-press electric resistance welding micro-welding device of the invention is generally less than ⁇ 0.10 mm or equal to 0.10 mm.
  • the present invention adopts a welding force swaying device which is not affected by the height difference of the weldment, and the prior art ⁇ The movement is a structure with a stroke limit.
  • the servo motor with the best precision of the prior art has a stroke limit accuracy of less than 0.01 mm, but often cannot meet the requirements of the present invention because of the height of the workpiece to be welded.
  • the difference of 0.03mm is very common.
  • the servo motor has no way to correct the error of the workpiece by the technical principle of the stroke limit.
  • the invention triggers the working signal of the electromagnet based on the trigger signal of the resistance welding power source, so the invention The tilt is completely unaffected by the height difference of the weldment.
  • the electrode force circuit disconnects the current supplied by the resistance welding power source, and at the same time, instructs the welding force breaking device to return to the original state, that is, completes a welding process.
  • the working principle of the welding force buffer structure seems simple, but it is also an important component of the precise electrode force pressing system.
  • the spot welding process includes the coupling of electricity, heat, force and multivariate. These coupling effects are highly nonlinear.
  • the weldment is softened and then softened and flattened. Very short nucleation process, so the precision electrode force pressurization system is required to maintain the electrode force at ⁇ 0.5 throughout the welding time The accuracy range of N is quite difficult.
  • the electromechanical integrated precision electrode force pressing system of the invention realizes the synergistic action and mutual constraint of the precise electrode force presetting device combined with the welding force swaying device and the welding force buffering structure, thereby realizing the electrode force during the entire spot welding period Maintaining and maintaining a relatively constant range in the preset range better solves the technical problem of resistance welding micro-welding.
  • the invention provides an electric control box and installs the electric control box and the machine head.
  • the electric control box not only feeds the electric appliance of the hot press head, but also simplifies and reduces various uses on the hot press head.
  • the electrical connection of the electric appliance makes the hot press head become a universal head independently of the main machine, and the structure for presetting the electric parameters of the spot welding power source can also be installed on the electric control box, which makes the welding operation more convenient. .
  • the welding power supply has a little welding power supply and a control device for the welding power output. Because the electric resistance welding requires the output of the welding power supply to be very accurate: the output voltage is required to be 0.01V, and the output time is required to be 0.1ms. Such a target, the output control device controls the welding power source by including a plurality of independent circuits and dozens of electric signal lines, so the prior art regulating device and the preset function keys need to be set together with the spot welding power source. On the host, the electrical appliances on the nose are fed through the main unit, and the hot press head must be electrically connected to the supporting host.
  • the invention redesigns the welding power regulating device, realizes that the pre-set function key of the welding power source output and the feeding structure of the main machine to the electric appliance are all installed on the electric control box, and only the electric signal for triggering the welding power source is provided to the host
  • the hot press head with the electric control box can work.
  • the hot press head with the electric control box becomes an independent universal head.
  • the invention makes the hot press head easy to manufacture, install and maintain, and further includes far-reaching technological progress in the formulation of industry standards and quality management.
  • Figure 3 is a pre-set of the output of the resistance welding power supply through the dial switch mode preset output voltage and output pulse width;
  • the hot press head is 301, and there is a welding force display 302 on the front outer side of the machine head, and an electromagnet structure 303 on the upper side of the machine head having a welding force breaking device, which is fixed on the outer side surface of the hot press head.
  • the electric control box 304 is provided, and the electric control box and the machine head are integrated installation structures, and the electric control box has a power supply circuit for feeding or/or regulating power for various electric appliances of the machine head, and the upper side of the electric control box has An electrical socket or/and power regulating knob 305 for various electrical appliances of the handpiece, including a welding force display 302, an electromagnet structure 303, and a subsequent proposed CCD 307, the ring lamp 308, the liquid crystal display 309 of the microscopic optical device and the like are electrically connected to the electric control box, and two preset pulse resistance amplitudes and pulse widths of the preset resistance welding power source are installed in front of the electric control box.
  • the dial switch 306 of the function key has a cable electrically connected to a host on which the resistance welding power source and the resistance welding power source control device are mounted, and an external power source line on the rear side of the electric control box.
  • Figure 4 shows the pre-set of the resistance welding power supply output.
  • the output current amount and current time are preset by the button in the display mode.
  • the hot press head is 401, and there is a welding force display 402 on the front outer side of the machine head, and an electromagnet structure 403 on the upper side of the machine head having a welding force breaking device, on the outer side of the hot press head
  • the electric control box 404, the electric control box and the head are integrated, and the electric control box has a power supply circuit for feeding or/or regulating power for various electric appliances of the machine head, and the machine head is provided on the upper side of the electric control box.
  • Electrical sockets and/or power regulating knobs 405 provided by various electrical appliances, including welding force display 402, electromagnet structure 403, and subsequently proposed CCD 407, ring light 408, liquid crystal display 409 of microscopic optical device, etc.
  • Both are electrically connected to the electric control box, and a display screen 406 for presetting the electric resistance parameter of the electric resistance welding power source and a function key 410 pre-set according to the display screen are installed in front of the electric control box, and the rear side of the electric control box is provided
  • a cable electrically connected to a host equipped with an electric resistance welding power source and a resistance welding power supply control device, and an external mains power supply line.
  • Resistance welding spot welding must ensure rapid and flexible pressure relief.
  • the structure of the return spring of the head helps to suppress the pressure, and the welding stroke is returned to the original position to enter the next welding operation.
  • the pressurization decompression is quick and flexible.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a welding head holder which satisfies the fact that the electrode force of each welding is kept substantially constant during continuous welding. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to further examine the two output cables mounted on the horn clip. If the output cable mounted on the horn clip affects the pressurization of the electrode force, it is difficult to provide accurate electrode force. Prior art weld head clamps have not been considered for this.
  • the welding head clamp comprises a welding head clamp fixing portion and a movable portion composed of two metal clamping blocks, and is connected to the hot pressing machine head through the fixing portion and the head sliding shaft.
  • the present invention connects the metal clip attached to the sliding shaft.
  • the block is called a welding head clip fixing portion, and the other metal clip which can be opened and closed with respect to the welding head clip fixing portion is referred to as a welding head clip movable portion.
  • the horizontal clip welding head clip of the present invention comprises a welding head clip fixing portion, a welding head clip movable portion and a spacing seam and an electrode interface therebetween, wherein the welding head clip fixing portion is connected to the head sliding shaft
  • the electrode interface can be opened and closed in the direction of the front and rear elevations of the hot press head, and the parallel electrode welding head is mounted on the electrode interface.
  • the longitudinal clamp type welding head clamp adopts the longitudinal clamp type welding head clamp of the prior art; the present invention proposes that the spacing slit formed by the welding head clip fixing portion and the movable part and the electrode interface are generally parallel to the machine.
  • the front façade of the head and the electrode interface can be opened and closed in the direction of the front and rear façades of the machine head.
  • the welding head clip of the structure is referred to as a horizontal clip type welding head clip.
  • the horizontal clamp welding head can better expose the weldment and facilitate the flat hot-press resistance welding of the weldment when welding the strip, strip and wire weldments.
  • the electrode interface of the cross clamp type welding head clip is disposed closer to the front end of the operator's welding head holder, which is more advantageous for exposing the weldment and performing the welding work.
  • the welding head clamp can be further fixed to be formed into a circle.
  • the arc interface is locked with the sliding shaft by means of another metal piece having a circular arc interface and the welding head clamp fixing portion.
  • the invention also proposes a structure of the step-like welding head clip, wherein two coarse output cables are passed over the sliding shaft by respectively providing a step-like convex portion at the top end of the welding head clip movable portion and the welding head clip fixing portion adjacent to the electrode interface
  • the riding on both sides is installed above the welding head clamp, and the spot welding pressure is realized on the stepped convex portion, and the pressure suppression is quick and flexible, which provides a guarantee for each welding electrode force to remain unchanged;
  • the present invention further
  • the two feedback wires are sleeved in the insulating jacket of the output cable, and the lead ends are connected with the output cable leading ends and share the same end, which not only reduces the two feedback lines in appearance, but also reduces the two terminals on the welding head clip. Head and wiring screws, this structure also contributes to the rapid and flexible pressure relief.
  • the horizontal clip welding head clip of the present invention is processed into two welding head metal fixing materials 501 and a welding head clip movable portion 502, respectively, in the backward direction of the welding head clip fixing portion.
  • a connecting port 504 is connected to the head sliding shaft 503 at one side, and the horizontal clip welding head clip is fastened to the head sliding shaft 503 through the connecting port 504; the welding head clamp movable portion 502 passes through the adjustable screw 505
  • the plastic movable positioning pin 506 is assembled with the welding head clamp fixing portion 501, and the welding head clamp movable portion 502 and the welding head clamp fixing portion 501 have a spacing slit 507 therebetween, and the spacing slit 507 is extended and processed by two.
  • a semi-circular electrode interface 508 such that the spacer layer 507 and the electrode interface 508 are generally parallel to the front elevation of the handpiece, and by adjusting the adjustable screw 505, the electrode interface 508 can be in the direction of the front and rear elevations of the handpiece
  • the opening and closing motion is performed to mount or discharge the parallel electrode horn 516.
  • the connecting port 504 adopts another metal piece 509 which also has a circular arc interface, and is locked with the sliding shaft of the machine head.
  • the connecting in particular, the fixing portion is a metal member, and a metal member is further disposed.
  • the two metal members are opposite to each other on the side edges, and the arc-shaped interfaces are respectively provided on opposite sides of each other, and the two metal members can pass through The screws are locked to form a connection port 504 and a locking slide shaft is sleeved by the connection port 504.
  • the electrode interface 508 is disposed at the front end of the horn clip to bring it closer to the operator, while the conventional electrode interface is disposed at the center of the front side of the horn clip.
  • the electrode interface 508 is realized by the joint function of the horn clip fixing portion 501 and the horn clip moving portion 502. Specifically, a facing circular arc interface is disposed on each side of the side facing each other, and a through hole is formed by the joint of the two interfaces. Thereby, the electrode interface 508 is formed.
  • the welding head clamp of the present invention adopts a step-like design, which is called a step-like welding head clamp, and has the structure that the welding head fixing portion 501 and the welding head holder movable portion 502 are adjacent to the electrode.
  • the top end of the interface 508 is respectively provided with stepped protrusions 510 and 511, and the two output cables 512 and 513 are mounted on the stepped protrusions through the cable ends to realize the electric power of the electric resistance welding power source and the step type welding head clip.
  • connection, the feedback lines 514, 515 are sleeved in the insulating sleeve of the output cable and soldered on the cable end, and the parallel electrode horn 516 is mounted on the electrode interface 508, so that the two output cables and the feedback line are slipped. Both sides of the shaft are mounted on the top of the stepped welding head clamp in a riding manner.
  • micro-welding has high requirements on the verticality and reliability of the welding head clamp installation.
  • the existing welding head clamp and the machine head have high requirements on the verticality and reliability of the welding head clamp installation.
  • connection of the sliding shaft is fixed by 1-3 locking screws. This connection is only The fixing method of the "point” is difficult to ensure the verticality of the welding head clip after the connection.
  • the connection between the fixing portion of the welding head clip and the sliding shaft of the machine head proposed by the present invention is carried out by using two metal fittings with circular arc interfaces. Locked structure, formed The "three-dimensional" fixing method of the "face” greatly improves the verticality and reliability of the welding head clip after joining.
  • each of the arc interfaces includes two semi-circular arc interfaces or an interface of a small arc and a large arc, and the connection port can be disposed on the left and right sides of the fixing portion of the welding head clip.
  • the fixing portion is opposite to the forward direction of the hot pressing head
  • the movable portion is opposite to the rear direction of the hot pressing head
  • the output cable is installed on both sides of the welding head holder in the manner of patent (ZL011148314), and the connection of the output cable and the welding head clip may be reversed, offset upward or not offset, respectively. Since there will be a spring force when the output cable is bent, if the connection between the output cable and the welding head clip is shifted downward, the pressurization of the spot welding will be affected; and the connection of the output cable is shifted upward, which will affect the decompression. Even if the installation of the output cable is not offset, since the output cable is placed behind the sliding shaft, the weight of the large output cable causes the rear cable to bend and pull the welding head, which affects the pressure suppression and affects the electrode force. Precise.
  • the ladder-like welding head clamp of the invention installs the output cable over the two sides of the sliding shaft over the welding head clamp, which not only ensures that the output cable is connected to the position of the welding head clamp in a substantially horizontal position without offset (relative to the resistance welding)
  • the lead height of the power supply the influence of the elastic force of the bending deformation of the cable on the electrode force is reduced, and the sliding shaft is the main shaft of the welding force transmission structure, and the output cable is mounted on the welding head clip over the two sides of the sliding shaft.
  • it can also ensure that the cable and the welding head clamp are kept at the same level with each other, which greatly reduces the pulling force generated by the bending of the cable.
  • the sliding shaft drives the horizontal cable to make a short stroke with the welding head clamp.
  • the influence of the output cable on the electrode force is only the weight of the cable, the weight of the cable and the weight of the welding head clamp. In the same way, it can be overcome by the return spring of the handpiece, and thus has little effect on the electrode force.
  • the step-like welding head clamp in Fig. 5 is only one of the structures in which the output cable is mounted over the welding head clamp across the sliding shaft.
  • the stepped convex portion with the cable interface can be integrally processed with the same piece of metal that the welding head clamp is not separated, and the stepped convex portion can also be a separate metal piece with the welding head clamp block, and Machining two small metal block liners under the cable ends, and then connecting the output cables to the front of the welding head clips with fastening screws.
  • These structures belong to the output cable passing over the sliding shafts on both sides of the welding head clamp. The equivalent structure installed above.
  • the secondary circuit of the resistance welding power supply is mainly resistive, and the inductance is small, causing the secondary current output to fluctuate greatly, and the current output waveform is almost pulsating, thus the energy output. Accuracy is difficult to control, and it is easy to melt the workpiece or weld it in the welding of the micro workpiece.
  • it is generally necessary to improve the solder resist transformer and reduce the loop loss to increase the inverter frequency. How to greatly increase the inverter frequency is a technical problem in the field.
  • the invention proposes to install the filter inductor L at the output end of the inverter power supply, which increases the current loop loss, which is unreasonable in the inverter power supply, but the increased current loop in the low power inverter power supply.
  • the loss is not large, so the output of the current becomes very stable from the principle of action and the actual effect.
  • the present invention refers to the structure as an inverter-type secondary rectified and filtered output power supply.
  • the structure of the inverter secondary rectification and filtering output power supply is simple and easy to perform, and unexpected technical effects are received.
  • 6 is an electrical block diagram of an inverter-type secondary rectification and filtering output power supply, wherein 601 is a three-phase rectifier bridge, 602 is an inverter bridge, 603 is a current sensor, 604 is a drive and control circuit, and 605 is a solder resist transformer. 606 is a high-power rectifier bridge, 607 is an output current acting on the weldment, and 608 is a filter inductor L.
  • the inverter-type secondary rectification and filtering output power source proposed by the invention has an output power of 5000 VA or less.
  • the inverter-type secondary rectification and filtering output power source 600 is provided with a filter inductor L at an output end of the inverter power source.
  • the inductance of the filter inductor L is 30–50 uH, so that the transient response curve of the secondary current output changes from a pulsating curve to a continuous smooth curve, which can achieve an energy output accuracy of ⁇ 1.0. J, at the same time meet the welding energy and the accuracy of the energy requirements of the hot-press resistance welding micro-welding equipment of the invention.
  • the invention provides a hot-weld electric resistance welding micro-welding device for comprehensive electric resistance welding and hot-welding welding, which inevitably relates to a welding head used therefor.
  • the welding head used in the invention is a parallel electrode welding suitable for a hot pressing machine head with a tangential cutter. head.
  • the welding metal respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the welding power source is referred to as two electrodes; the two electrodes are placed on the same side of the welding element as parallel electrodes; the parallel electrodes will be Solidified into a parallel electrode horn.
  • the structure of the prior art parallel electrode horn includes a horn body portion, a welding head portion, and a horn tip portion.
  • the parallel electrode welding head adopts two electrodes which are processed into symmetry by the high temperature resistant electrode material, and the two electrodes are connected together by the heat curing adhesive to serve as the intermediate spacer layer of the two electrode insulations.
  • the parallel electrode welding head is formed; the upper half of the parallel electrode welding head is connected with the welding head clamp, which is called the welding head main body portion; the intermediate spacing layer of the parallel electrode welding head is the central axis, and the parallel electrode welding head can be divided
  • the lower half of the parallel electrode horn is extended to form a tapered cube with a certain inclination, and the four sides of the front, the rear, the left and the right are respectively formed into a tapered cube.
  • the tapered cube in the lower part of the welding head is called the welding head; the farthest end of the tapered cubic welding head is called the tip end of the welding head.
  • the present invention differs from the connection of the two electrode tips at the tip end of the horn, and the prestressed electrode horn, the ohmic contact parallel electrode horn, and the ohmic contact parallel electrode horn in the parallel electrode horn of the directly solderable enamel wire mentioned in the background art.
  • the tip contact parallel electrode welding head is summarized and referred to as a welding tip contact parallel electrode welding head, and the parallel electrode welding head of the tip end of the two electrodes is referred to as a welding tip connected parallel electrode welding head, and
  • the tips of the electrodes are neither contact nor connected, but parallel electrode horns that are insulated from each other are referred to as solder tip insulated parallel electrode horns.
  • the parallel electrode welding head with the tangential cutter of the present invention can be divided into three types: A type, B type and C type because of the different welding tip structure: Type A For the welding of tip-connected parallel electrode horns with tangential cutters, type B is a parallel electrode horn with a welding tip contact tangential cutter, and type C is a parallel electrode horn with a welded tip insulated tangential knives. It is to be noted that the hot-press electric resistance welding micro-welding device of the present invention can use A-type, B-type and C-type parallel electrode welding heads with a tangential cutter. The C-type parallel electrode horn with tangential cutter is only suitable for welding metal strips and metal wires.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 is an example of a parallel electrode welding head with a type A welding tip connected with a tangential cutter.
  • the structure of the type A embodiment is clarified, and the type B welding is also clarified.
  • the structure of the parallel electrode horn with the tip contact type tangential cutter and the parallel electrode horn with the C-type welding tip insulated tangential cutter, so the structure of the parallel electrode horn of the B-type and C-type tangential cutter will not be described again.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a structure in which an insulating portion of a parallel electrode horn having a tangential cutter and an tangential blade are connected by an insulating spacer.
  • the main body portion of the horn is 701, and between the two electrodes of the main body of the horn.
  • the upper portion of the tangential blade portion 705 is insulated by an insulating spacer.
  • the layer 706 is fixed on the soldering head 703, the soldering portion 704 is extended to form a soldering tip 704A, the end surface of the soldering tip is a planar structure, and the tangential blade portion 705 is extended to form a tangential cutter tip 705A, a soldering tip 704A and a tangential cutter tip 705A. There is a separate slot 707 between the two tips.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the same metal joint between the welded portion and the tangential knives of the parallel electrode horn with a knives.
  • the main body of the horn is 801, and between the two electrodes of the main body of the horn There is an intermediate insulating spacer 802, a soldering head is 803, a soldering portion 804 is formed on the soldering head 803, and a tangential blade portion 805, a soldering portion 804 and a tangential blade portion 805 are formed on the right vertical surface of the soldering head 803.
  • the base is a joint structure of the intrinsic metal of the welding head 803, the welded portion 804 is extended to form the welding tip 804A, the end surface of the welding tip is a planar structure, the tangential cutter portion 805 is extended to form the tangential cutter tip 805A, and the welding tip 804A There is a separate slot 806 between the two tips of the tangential cutter tip 805A.
  • the parallel electrode horn of the present invention with a tangential cutter differs from the prior art parallel electrode horn in that the prior art parallel electrode horn has a horn main body, a welding head, and a welding
  • the tip electrode portion of the present invention has a horn head portion and a welding head portion extending from the horn body portion like the prior art parallel electrode horn, and the welding head of the present invention is
  • the utility model comprises a welded portion, a tangential cutter portion, and a welding tip extending from the welded portion, and the tangential cutter tip is extended by the tangential cutter portion.
  • the prior art parallel electrode welding head needs another process to remove the excess wire tail after the welding is completed. It is not easy to remove the excess wire tail. It will damage the solder joints and damage the workpiece. It needs to be carefully removed by scissors or a knives under the microscope. Inevitably, there will be quality problems such as the length of the fracture.
  • the present invention organically integrates the tangential cutter tip and the welding tip into the same parallel electrode. The welding head, the welding and the resection of the enameled wire tail are completed simultaneously, which not only makes the tangential line very easy, but also has a uniform tangential fracture, which obviously improves the work efficiency and product quality.
  • the "hot-press electric resistance welding micro-welding apparatus" of the present invention is also provided with a micro-optical device.
  • the micro-optical device consists of an optical head and a bracket.
  • the micro-welding operation requires the bracket to provide the optical head with adjustment of the front-rear direction, the left-right direction and the angle during focusing, and provides a coarse adjustment of the focus distance during the adjustment. Fine adjustment of the adjustment, so the traditional micro-optical device brackets are installed in a separate structure next to the hot press head, so that the column of the bracket will inevitably hinder the welding operation, in desperation, the applicant has been "a long cantilever The precision welding machine patent No.
  • CN200410027184.7 proposes a structure in which the frame with angle and focus fine adjustment is mounted on the top of the head frame, but since there is no column, the optical head cannot focus in the front and rear direction and the left and right direction, and can not Adjustment by the focal length of the column often fails to meet the requirements of micro-welding operations.
  • the invention proposes a structure in which the hot press head and the microscopic optical device are integrated, and the cantilever beam is connected at the top of the head frame, and the cantilever beam is connected with the bracket of the microscopic optical device, and the original column is solved to hinder the welding operation and The problem of micro-optical devices in focusing and focusing.
  • a cantilever beam 902 is mounted at a suitable position on the top end of the nose frame 901.
  • the left side of the cantilever beam has a column connecting hole, and the column 903 of the micro-optical device bracket is mounted on the outside of the cantilever beam 902 through the column connecting hole.
  • the column 903 and the cross column 904 are respectively mounted on the cross-hole frame 905, the frame 906 with angle and focus fine adjustment is connected to the horizontal column 904, and the optical head 907 is mounted on the frame 906 with angle and focus fine adjustment.
  • the optical handpiece proposed in this embodiment may be a stereo microscope head, or a single cylinder microscope plus a CCD camera or other microscope head, such as a three-channel microscope head or a CCD camera with image recognition. Etc. It is also necessary to state that the electric appliances such as illumination lamps and liquid crystal displays involved in the microscope optical device can also be supplied through the low-voltage DC power supply of the electric control box.
  • the present invention mounts the holder of the microscopic optical device at the top of the head frame, so that the hot press head and the microscopic optical device become The integrated structure solves the technical problem that the column hinders the welding operation.
  • the invention has the characteristics of precise control of welding parameters, strong and fast welding resistance welding, and has the characteristics of convenient and seamless hot welding.
  • the hot-press welding micro-welding equipment of the invention can not only weld various wire strips, but also The invention can weld various fine enamel covered wires.
  • the invention provides a new welding device for welding various pins of electronic components, and the invention can also be used for repairing printed circuit board wire splicing machines, and can also be used for splicing solar cells in tin-copper Straight welder with connection.

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Abstract

一种热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，包括精确电极力加压系统的热压机头；带电控盒的热压机头；逆变式次级整流滤波电阻焊电源；横夹式焊头夹；带切线刀的平行电极焊头；热压机头与显微光学装置安装成一体的结构。本焊接设备具有焊接参数精密调控、焊接牢固快捷的电阻焊特点，还具有操作便捷和无缝焊的热压焊特点。

Description

热压电阻焊显微焊接设备 技术领域
本发明涉及焊接领域，具体涉及结合了电阻焊与热压焊两种焊接技术的一种热压电阻焊显微焊接设备。
 背景技术
传统技术有印刷线路板补线机，其采用电阻焊平行间隙焊的方式，电阻焊电源通过对电参数的精细调节，具有输出能量精度高、焊接牢固且快捷等优点，但电阻焊往往对电极压力重视不够，如专利号“CN200410027184.7”一种长悬臂的精焊机，是采用电阻焊平行间隙原理进行焊接的补线机，这种传统技术由于在二个平行电极之间存在间隙且需要在断线两端分别进行点焊，所以传统的补线机的缺点是有缝焊接，操作比较困难和繁琐。
传统的热压焊采用温度传感器调控焊接温度，所以热压焊对焊接电源的要求不高，由于热压焊是通过对焊件“加热”、“加压”进行焊接的，所以存在焊接牢固性差、焊接时间长等的缺点，但由于只需一次焊接，具有操作简易，特别是具有无缝焊接的优点。
 技术问题
本发明的目的提供一种新的压焊设备，具体在于提供一种结合了热压焊和电阻焊技术的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备。
 技术解决方案
为了实现发明目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备包括热压机头和电阻焊电源，
所述热压机头安装有横夹式焊头夹；
所述的横夹式焊头夹装设有平行电极焊头；
所述的横夹式焊头夹与所述的电阻焊电源通过电缆电性连接。
所述的横夹式焊头夹包括焊头夹固定部、焊头夹活动部和二者之间形成的间隔缝及电极接口，所述的焊头夹固定部通过与机头滑轴的连接安装在热压机头上，所述电极接口可在所述热压机头前后立面的方向上作前后开合运动，所述的平行电极焊头安装在电极接口上。
更具体的，所述的电极接口相对于横夹式焊头夹与热压机头连接的位置而言偏置于所述横夹式焊头夹的前向侧端处。
进一步的，所述的焊头夹固定部具有圆弧接口，其与另一个同样具圆弧接口的金属件，以圆弧接口相对接锁紧在机头滑轴上。
较佳的，所述的焊头夹固定部和活动部分别在毗邻所述电极接口的顶端处设置有阶梯样凸起部，与所述电阻焊电源相连接的电缆固定在所述的阶梯样凸起部上。
进一步的，所述的电阻焊电源为逆变式次级整流滤波输出电源，所述的逆变式次级整流滤波输出电源的输出端安装有使次级电流输出的瞬间响应曲线由脉动曲线变为连续平稳的曲线的大功率滤波电感。
进一步的，所述的热压机头具有精确电极力加压系统，所述的精确电极力加压系统包括在机头框架上安装的焊接作用力传导装置、精确电极力预设定装置和焊接力掣断装置；
所述焊接作用力传导装置将焊接动力通过其力矩传导，把焊接力转化为电极力传导至焊头夹；
所述精确电极力预设定装置提供可进行预设定量化电极力的设置，在其检测到电极力达到预设定的量值时，驱动电阻焊电源提供焊接电流；
所述的焊接力掣断装置在焊接完成的同时，阻断焊接力的力矩传导。
更具体的，所述的焊接作用力传导装置包括焊接力传导结构、电极力传导结构和焊接力缓冲结构；
所述焊接力传导结构包括焊接力导向轴和焊接力传导体；焊接力在焊接力导向轴的导引下通过焊接力传导体进行力矩传递；
所述电极力传导结构包括电极力导向轴和焊头夹；电极力在电极力导向轴的导引下通过焊头夹进行力矩传递；
所述焊接力缓冲结构用于为所述焊接力的传递过程提供缓冲作用；所述的焊接力缓冲结构包括至少一个作用于焊接力传导结构和电极力传导结构之间的压缩弹簧。
较佳的，所述的精确电极力预设定装置包括精确电极力预设定结构和电极力电路；
所述的精确电极力预设定结构采用以追随结构实现的电极力预设定结构或以压力传感器实现的电极力预设定结构，所述精确电极力预设定结构用于设置量化的电极力；
所述的电极力电路和电阻焊电源电性连接，用于控制焊接电流的通断。
进一步的，所述的焊接力掣断装置包括电磁铁结构和驱动电磁铁工作的电磁铁电路；
所述的电磁铁结构包括相向设置在焊接力的力矩传递路径中的二个电磁铁；所述的二个电磁铁安装在焊接作用力传导结构上；
所述的电磁铁电路分别与所述的二个电磁铁和所述的电极力电路电性连接，用于接收电极力电路的电讯号以断开或导通该二个电磁铁的吸合状态以阻断或连通焊接力的力矩传导。
更进一步的，所述的二个电磁铁为二个吸盘式电磁铁，或者，其中一个电磁铁为吸盘式电磁铁，另一个为铁磁体。
较佳的，所述的热压机头上固设有电控盒，所述的电控盒安装有为热压机头用电器馈电的结构。
进一步，所述的电控盒安装有对点焊电源进行电参数输出预设定的结构，所述电参数输出预设定的结构包括通过拔码开关方式预设定的结构或通过显示屏方式以按键预设定的结构。
较佳的，所述的平行电极焊头为带切线刀的平行电极焊头，其包括焊头主体部和由焊头主体部延伸而成的焊头部，所述焊头部包括焊接部和切线刀部，所述焊接部和切线刀部分别延伸形成焊接尖端和切线刀尖端。
进一步，所述带切线刀的平行电极焊头包括焊接尖端连体式带切线刀的平行电极焊头，或焊接尖端接触式带切线刀的平行电极焊头，或焊接尖端绝缘式带切线刀的平行电极焊头。
更进一步，所述的焊接部和切线刀部之间为有绝缘间隔层的连接结构，或焊接部和切线刀部都是焊头部固有金属的连体结构，焊接尖端和切线刀尖端之间有绝缘层分隔和分隔小槽。
较佳的，沿平行电极焊头的焊头主体部向焊头部的延伸方向，所述切线刀尖端的延伸长度大于所述焊接尖端在该方向的延伸长度。
具体的，所述焊接尖端的端面为平面结构。
较佳的，所述的热压机头与显微光学装置固设成一体，所述的显微光学装置包括显微光学支架和显微光学镜头，所述的显微光学镜头包括体视显微镜机头或单筒显微镜与CCD摄像头，所述的显微光学镜头安装在显微光学支架上。
进一步，所述的显微光学支架包括固设在机头框架上的悬臂横梁及相互机械连接的立柱、十字孔架、横柱及带角度和焦距微调的框架，显微光学镜头安装在所述的框架上。
与现有技术相比较，本发明综合了电阻焊和热压焊二种焊接技术的优点，具有焊接参数可精密控制、焊接牢固快捷，操作简易以及无缝焊接的特点，本发明热压电阻焊显微焊接设备不仅可以焊接各种金属线、金属带，为电子元器件各种引脚的焊接提供一种新的焊接设备，还可以作修补印刷线路板的补线机，作太阳电池的锡铜带连接作焊带机。
 有益效果
本发明包括以下六部分发明内容:
一、本发明率先提出热压机头和热压机头上安装机电一体化的精确电极力加压系统。精确电极力加压系统通过焊接作用力传导装置、精确电极力预设定装置和焊接力掣断装置的协同作用、相互制约，实现了在整个焊接时段，电极力都在预设定范围维持并保持相对恒定。
二、本发明提出带电控盒的热压机头的结构，通过电控盒对焊接电源电参数预设定和为机头馈电，简化和减少了机头上各种用电器的电连接，使热压机头可独立于主机成为通用的机头。
三、本发明提出的横夹式焊头夹的结构，横夹式焊头夹的电极接口的开合方向在与机头前后立面方向上，有利于暴露焊件和便于焊接作业。
四、本发明提出在逆变电源的输出端安装大功率的次级整流滤波电感，在实现小功率逆变电源连续平稳的输出方面，收到令人意想不到的技术效果。
五、本发明提出带切线刀的平行电极焊头，实现在焊接完成的同时切断多余的焊件的线尾的功能，有效提高了焊接效率和焊接质量。
六、本发明提出热压机头与显微光学装置安装成一体的结构，不但避免了显微光学装置妨碍焊接作业，还实现了光机电一体化热压机头的独特结构。
下面先通过框图介绍本发明的总体结构及原理，然后按上述六项内容逐一介绍本发明内容。需要说明上述六项内容都可在电阻焊点焊上应用，其中横夹式焊头夹更适用于热压电阻焊。
 附图说明
图1是本发明热压电阻焊显微焊接设备的总体结构原理示意图。
图2是本发明热压机头及其采用的精确电极力加压系统的结构示意图。
图3是本发明带电控盒的热压机头在电控盒上以拨码开关预设定的结构示意图。
图4是本发明带电控盒的热压机头在电控盒上以显示屏预设定的结构示意图。
图5是本发明的横夹式焊头夹的结构示意图，以上下并排的方式分别示出其侧视状态和俯视状态。
图6是本发明逆变式次级整流滤波输出电源的电气原理框图。
图7是本发明带切线刀的平行电极焊头的焊接部和切线刀部之间以绝缘间隔层连接的结构示意图，以左右并排的方式分别示出其主视状态和侧视状态。
图8是本发明带切线刀的平行电极焊头的焊接部和切线刀部之间为同一金属连体的结构示意图，以左右并排的方式分别示出其主视状态和侧视状态。
图9是本发明热压机头与显微光学装置安装成一体的的结构示图，以左右并排的方式分别示出其主视状态和侧视状态。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的实施方式
需要对本发明的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备的“显微焊接设备”作说明：显微焊接设备是针对在直视状态下无法进行焊接作业的微型工件，而提出的包括电极力精度控制在±0.5N、能量输出精度控制在±1.0J，需要在显微光学放大装置下进行焊接作业的焊接设备。
本发明热压电阻焊显微焊接设备综合了电阻焊和热压焊的优点，主要改进涉及以下六个部分：热压机头、热压机头和电控盒一体的结构、电阻焊电源、横夹式焊头夹、带切线刀的平行电极焊头以及显微光学放大装置。
首先简要介绍本发明热压电阻焊显微焊接设备的总体结构框图。
在图1中，大方框101表示机头框架、小方框102表示点焊机提供外部动力源的焊接动力（焊接力）、103为焊接力传导结构、104为焊接力缓冲结构、105为电极力传导结构、106为精确电极力预设定装置、107为焊接力掣断装置、108为焊头夹和电极、109为焊件、110为安装有电阻焊电源和电阻焊电源调控装置的主机、111为电控盒、112为显微光学装置，其中实线箭头表示作用力（矩）传导关系，虚线箭头表示电流或电讯号传导关系；单箭头为单向作用，双箭头为双向作用。因此可知，图1主要是以力的作用关系与电的作用关系两条主线进行说明。
需要指出，精确电极力加压系统除了包括图1中的由焊接力传导结构103、焊接力缓冲结构104和电极力传导结构105组成的焊接作用力传导装置，还包括精确电极力预设定装置106和焊接力掣断装置107，上述结构通过机电一体化的协同作用，相互制约，实现精确电极压力加压系统要求的基本效果；而电控盒主要是为机头上的用电器馈电并可对电阻焊电源输出的电参数进行预设定；精确电极力加压系统和电控盒均围绕机头框架安装，构成本发明热压机头部分。
下面对六部分逐一进行介绍。
第一，首先介绍热压机头部分，本发明热压电阻焊显微焊接设备的热压机头采用下述的具有精确电极力加压系统的机头。需要注意的是，此处关于精确电极力加压系统的机头的揭示，不得用于限定本发明的机头的广泛适应性，应当理解，本发明后续揭示的焊头夹与其平行电极焊头的适应性也是非常普遍的，适用于几乎任何已知类型的机头。
为了便于充分理解本发明的内容，首先需要理解焊接力和电极力的原理与区别，以作为后续讨论的理论依据。此外，本发明还提出了“精确电极力预设定”和“精确电极力加压系统”两个概念，也一并予以前置介绍。
关于焊接力和电极力的区别：所谓焊接力，为带动相关机械构件和电极实施焊接操作的作用力；所谓电极力，为电极作用于焊件的作用力。因而，相对而言，二者的区别在于焊接力的行程较电极力要长，焊接力的作用力较电极力要大。
精确电极力预设定装置：电极力预设定装置为电阻焊预设定电极对焊件的作用力，并通过其导通点焊电源的一种结构。本发明提出的精确电极力预设定装置为预设定量化的电极力，当焊接力达到预设定量化的电极力的瞬时，导通点焊电源的结构。本发明“精确电极力预设定装置”中所谓“精确”的要求是指达到电极力以0.1 N为单位进行计量的精度，以满足对微小工件的焊接要求。
精确电极力加压系统：电极力加压系统是指焊接时段对焊件提供电极力相关结构的总称。精确电极力加压系统则是指能在整个焊接时段，实现对焊件提供的电极力的输出精度范围为±0.5 N的电极力加压系统。精确电极力加压系统必须具备以下三项基本内容：一是电极力预设定装置必须为精确电极力预设定装置；二是在整个焊接时段，电极力都要在预设定的范围维持并保持相对恒定；三是在焊接完成的同时，必需掣断过大的焊接力对焊件加压。
需要指出，精确电极力预设定装置和精确电极力加压系统都是由本发明首先提出的概念，现有技术在焊接时段电极力的波动很大，如后续所述，实现电极力预设定±0.1 N难度不是很大，但要实现整个焊接时段电极力±0.5 N的难度极大。本发明精确电极力加压系统的点焊机机头包括焊接作用力传导装置、电极力预设定装置和焊接力掣断装置三部分，通过这三部分的相关结构共同作用、相互制约，实现在整个焊接时段电极力都在预设定的范围内维持和相对恒定。
下面结合附图2对精确电极力加压系统中的焊接作用力传导装置和精确电极力预设定装置作介绍。
图2中，热压机头和机头框架具前后左右四个立面，机头前立面为201，在明确了机头前立面后，同时也明确了机头的后立面和左右立面。在靠近机头框架后立面固定有立柱202，立柱的下段则固定安装在工作台上。在机头框架上设有与所述立柱202大致平行的、竖立安装的小轴203、中轴204以及滑轴205；还有与所述立柱202大致垂直的、横置安装的中轴夹206和滑轴夹207。中轴夹206的一端与中轴204紧固连接，中轴夹206的另一端通过电磁铁结构与套设在焊接动力传导拉杆（或拉索）222上的复位弹簧221相连接以接受外部的焊接动力；滑轴夹207的一端与滑轴205紧固连接，滑轴205可受焊接力作用上下活动，中轴204上、下两段分别设有压缩弹簧208、209，滑轴夹207被中轴204贯穿设置，在滑轴夹207被中轴204贯穿的对应位置处，滑轴夹207的上下端面分别抵触或连接所述压缩弹簧208、209，也即，每个压缩弹簧208或209一端抵触在滑轴207，另一端则抵触滑轴夹207；小轴203贯穿中轴夹206和滑轴夹207设置以允许中轴夹206与滑轴夹207沿小轴203滑动；此外，小轴203也套设有压缩弹簧210、211，分为上、下两段设置，其中一段210设置于机头框架顶部与中轴夹206之间，在该两者之间起缓冲作用，另一段211则一端抵触机头框架底部、另一端抵触滑轴夹207由此起缓冲作用。滑轴205的下端与焊头夹212固定连接，平行电极焊头安装在焊头夹212上，电阻焊电源213借助输出电缆214通过焊头夹212上方与电极相连接，并机械连接在焊头夹212上。
如图2的结构所示，本发明的焊接力传导结构包括实现了既定安装结构的所述小轴203、中轴204、中轴夹206、滑轴夹207；本发明的电极力传导结构包括实现了既定安装结构的滑轴205和横夹式焊头夹212；本发明的焊接力缓冲结构则包括分别安装在中轴204和小轴203上的第一组压缩弹簧208、209和第二组压缩弹簧210、211。从各部件所实现的功能而论，所述小轴203、中轴204为焊接（动）力的导向轴，中轴夹206和滑轴夹207为焊接力的传导体，小轴203、滑轴205是电极力的导向轴，焊头夹212为电极力的传导体。上述焊接力传导结构、电极力传导结构和焊接力缓冲结构三部分的构件及其有机构造，构成了本发明所述的焊接作用力传导装置。
有必要对焊接力缓冲结构进一步说明。从本实施例的结构可以知晓，焊接力缓冲结构的实质是指安装在焊接力传导结构和电极力传导结构之间的压缩弹簧，其作用包括把焊接力柔和地传递到电极力传导结构及当焊接力被掣断时，焊接力仍能在压缩弹簧的作用下随动维持，也就是说，通过在上述力矩传递路径中设置用于缓冲力矩传递的结构，使力的传递更为柔和，即构成本发明的焊接力缓冲结构。所以，基于本实施相同的原理，本领域技术人员应当知晓，焊接力缓冲结构的具体实现方式可以有多种多样，例如可以改进本实施例，使焊接力缓冲结构只保留其中一组弹簧组合，或者，在焊接力传导结构与电极力传导结构之间只设置一根压缩弹簧（如小轴203上部中轴夹206与机头框架顶壁之间设置压缩弹簧210，省略其它用于三个压缩弹簧），如此种种，均属于本发明提出的焊接力缓冲结构，落入本发明的保护范畴。
在图2的结构中，压缩弹簧208、209当其内置于中轴时，能起到如前所述的缓冲作用，可以视为焊接力缓冲结构的一部分，但是，从另一个功能视角来观察，通过调节弹簧208、209的压缩位置，则其进一步起到了具有追随结构的精确电极力预设定结构的作用。本发明在机头框架201的前端安装有电极力电路216，该精确电极力预设定结构和电极力电路构成了本发明的精确电极力预设定装置。在精确电极力预设定结构中，上下两段压缩弹簧208、209在出厂时，其弹性系数既定，其回释力对外力的反作用也是既定的。
如前所述，精确电极力预设定装置包括精确电极力预设定结构和电极力电路，精确电极力预设定结构除了采用如图2所示的追随结构实现之外，还可以采用压力传感器结构实现，电极力电路则与电阻焊电源电性连接。
需要加以说明的是，所述的压缩弹簧208、209在上述实施例中起到非常巧妙的作用，其既可起到焊接力缓冲结构的作用，还起到精确电极力预设定结构的作用。并且依据前述关于焊接力缓冲结构和电极力预设定结构所揭示的多种变化实例来分析，压缩弹簧208、209对该两个结构而言均非必须的实现方式，可在某些实施例中被替代，然而，采用压缩弹簧208、209则可同时实现该两个结构，明显是更优的方案。本领域技术人员对此应有明确的认知。
下面再结合图2介绍本发明焊接力掣断装置的结构。
焊接力掣断装置包括电磁铁结构和用于驱动电磁铁结构工作的电磁铁电路，电磁铁结构包括相向设置的二个电磁铁和电磁铁电路吸附铁块，二个电磁铁安装在焊接作用力传导结构所构造的焊接力力矩传递路径上，构成该路径的必经之途，从而可以起到断开力矩传递或导通力矩传递的作用。所述的二个电磁铁既可为二个吸盘式电磁铁，也可以是其中一个为吸盘式电磁铁而另一个为铁磁体。电磁铁电路的二个电磁铁分别与精确电极力预设定装置的电极力电路电性连接以受电极力电路控制。
图2的示意图示出二个电磁铁分别安装在焊接作用力传导结构上，具体而言，中轴夹206的一端与中轴204连接，而中轴夹206的另一端安装有一个吸盘式电磁铁217，在其下方安装有另一个吸盘式电磁铁218，两块吸盘式电磁铁以可开闭的方式相连接，具体可以通过利用螺杆与装有一个电磁铁217的中轴夹206相固定，进一步以装有另一个电磁铁218的吸盘体沿该些螺杆可滑动安装而实现，电磁铁218可以以其吸盘与焊接动力拉杆222的顶端相固定，并由复位弹簧221支撑。可以看出，这一电磁结构占据焊接动力的力矩传递路径的一部分，两个电磁铁的开合或者脱离便可影响焊接动力的力矩传递。因此，由于电磁铁218通过其安装构件（其吸盘体）与焊接动力拉杆（拉索）222连接，而复位弹簧221又加压在电磁铁218与一固定构件上，又因电磁铁电路分别与二个电磁铁和电极力预设定装置的电极力电路216电性连接，所以，通过电极力电路216的控制，可驱动电磁铁结构实施焊接力掣断工作。
下面介绍本发明焊接力掣断装置的工作过程和原理。
在开始焊接作业时二个电磁铁处于相互吸附状态，焊接动力通过下拉拉杆222拉动中轴夹，从而把力矩通过焊接力传导结构和电极力传导结构进行传导，从而为整机提供焊接动力，驱使焊头夹带动焊头进行焊接作业，当焊头压紧焊件的电极力达到预设定值时，电极力电路一方面导通焊接电源，为焊头提供焊接电流实施焊接，另一方面电极力电路发送电讯号给电磁铁电路，断开电磁铁电路，吸附在一起的二个电磁铁也自然被拉开，而中轴夹及与之相连接的结构在压缩弹簧的作用下也自行复位，焊接作用力的传导被阻断，而此时外力可撤除，复位弹簧因其回释力而将电磁铁218推回到与中轴夹206相连接的状态，其惯性进一步作用于焊接力传导结构和电极力传导结构，平行电极焊头随之完全复位，进入下一次工作循环，实现对焊接力的掣断。完成一次焊接作业后焊接动力不再作用，通过以公知的方式，使用一与电极力电路相连接的微触开关（未图示），使得复位弹簧在复位的过程中可以直接或间接地导通微触开关，例如可以将微触开关固定安装在中轴夹底面靠近其上的电磁铁位置处，从而可以藉由微触开关的导通触发而向电极力电路发送信号，由电极力电路接通二个电磁铁的电源，二个电磁铁再度紧紧吸附在一起，焊接作用力的传导被连接，于是，整机又回复到待命状态。
在这里有必要再次强调说明二个电磁铁217、218可以是二个吸盘式电磁铁或一个为吸盘式电磁铁、另一个为铁磁体。
有必要对本发明的精确电极力加压系统下述三点结构特征进行总结：
（1）机电一体化的结构特点：
根据精确电极力加压系统的总体设计，本发明所述的精确电极力加压系统包括了焊接力传导结构、焊接力缓冲结构、电极力传导结构、电磁铁结构、电磁铁电路，精确电极力预设定结构和电极力电路组成的机电一体化的加压系统，在整个精确电极力加压系统中，电极力电路起到很重要的控制作用。当要对工件进行焊接时，首先在精确电极力预设定装置上，通过电极力电路，以量化的方式输入欲预设定的电极力，然后，作业时，焊接动力源向焊接力传导体提供焊接力，当电极力电路检测到焊接力达到预设定值时，电极力电路一方面向焊接电源发出指令，导通点焊电源，另一方面还向电磁铁电路发出指令使电磁铁导通以吸附所述吸附铁块，电磁铁结构即对焊接力传导结构进行掣动，阻止力矩传导以阻止过大的焊接力作用于电极。
（2）焊接力掣断装置的结构特征：
本发明热压电阻焊显微焊接设备焊接的焊件的直径一般小于φ0.10mm或等于0.10mm，一方面本发明采用不受焊件高度差影响的焊接力掣动装置，现有技术的掣动都是采用行程限位的结构，比如现有技术掣动精度最好的伺服电机，其对行程限位精度小于0.01mm，但往往也不能满足本发明的要求，原因在于被焊工件的高度差达0.03mm的情况十分普遍，侍服电机以行程限位这一技术原理对工件的误差毫无办法，本发明以电阻焊电源的触发信号为依据触发电磁铁的工作讯号，因此本发明的掣动就完全不受焊件高度差的影响。当焊接操作完成之后，电极力电路断开电阻焊电源所提供的电流，同时指令焊接力掣断装置恢复原状，即完成一次焊接过程。
（3）电极力缓冲结构的结构特征：
有关焊接力缓冲结构的作用原理看似简单，但也是精确电极力加压系统的重要构成。电阻焊显微焊接的整个点焊时段，都须要电极力在预设定范围内维持相对恒定，对精确电极力预设定装置提出±0.1N的精度要求没有太大的难度，但是，由于电阻焊点焊过程处于完全封闭无法观测状态，点焊过程包括了电、热、力、多变量的耦合作用，这些耦合作用又是高度非线性，焊件处于先受热膨胀后又被软化压扁的极短的形核过程，所以，要求精确电极力加压系统在整个焊接时段都将电极力保持在±0.5 N的精度范围反而有很大的难度。可以设想，如果没有焊接力缓冲结构的随动维持，就会出现当焊件膨胀时电极力随之增加，当焊件被压扁时电极力随之减少，当焊接力被掣动时电极力随之消失。本发明机电一体化的精确电极力加压系统正是通过精确电极力预设定装置结合焊接力掣动装置和焊接力缓冲结构的协同作用、相互制约，实现在整个点焊时段，电极力都在预设定范围维持并保持相对恒定，较好地解决了电阻焊显微焊接的技术难题。
第二，接着介绍本发明带电控盒热压机头的结构。
由于安装在机头框架上的机电一体化的精确电极力加压系统涉及较多的用电器，诸如预设定电极力的检测及显示、电磁铁及对电磁剩磁的处理以及对其吸附时间的调控等等，本发明提出电控盒并把电控盒与机头安装成一体，电控盒不但对热压机头的用电器馈电，简化和减少了热压机头上各种用电器的电连接，使热压机头可独立于主机成为通用的机头，还可以把对点焊电源电参数进行预设定的结构也安装在电控盒上，使焊接操作变得更加便捷。
有必要对电控盒的技术特点作进一步说明。
电阻焊电源的主机上有点焊电源和对焊接电源输出的调控装置,由于电阻焊显微焊接要求焊接电源的输出必须十分精确:输出电压的要求在0.01V,输出时间要求在0.1ms,为了实现这样的目标,输出的调控装置通过包括多个独立的电路及数十根电讯号线对焊接电源进行调控,所以现有技术的调控装置及预设定的功能键都需要和点焊电源一起设置在主机上,机头上的用电器都通过主机馈电，热压机头必须与配套的主机才能电性连接。本发明对焊接电源调控装置进行重新设计,实现把焊接电源输出预设定的功能键和主机对用电器的馈电结构都安装在电控盒上,只需对主机提供触发焊接电源的电讯号,带电控盒的热压机头即可工作, 由此，带电控盒的热压机头就成为独立的通用的机头。本发明使热压机头在生产、安装及维护都变得简便,进一步包括在行业标准的制定及质量管理等方面更具有深远的技术进步。
由于电阻焊电源对电参数进行预设定的结构最常用的有通过拨码开关方式预设定和以显示屏方式通过按键预设定两种方式，下面结合附图3、附图4介绍热压机头与电控盒一体的结构。
图3为对电阻焊电源输出的预设定通过拨码开关方式预设定输出电压和输出脉宽；
在图3中,热压机头为301,在机头的前外侧有焊接力显示器302，在机头的上方有焊接力掣断装置的电磁铁结构303，在热压机头的外侧面固设有电控盒304，电控盒和机头为一体安装结构，电控盒有为机头各种用电器提供馈电或/和调控用电的电源电路，在电控盒的上侧面有为机头的各种用电器提供的电插座或/和用电调控旋钮305，包括焊接力显示器302、电磁铁结构303以及后续提出的CCD 307、环形灯308、显微光学装置的液晶显示屏309等用电器都与电控盒电性连接，在电控盒的前面安装有预设定电阻焊电源输出脉冲幅度和脉冲宽度的二个功能键的拨码开关306，在电控盒的后侧面有与安装有电阻焊电源和电阻焊电源调控装置的主机电性连接的电缆和外接市电的电源线。
图4为对电阻焊电源输出的预设定以显示屏方式通过按键预设定输出电流量和电流时间。
在图4中，热压机头为401,在机头的前外侧有焊接力显示器402，在机头的上方有焊接力掣断装置的电磁铁结构403，在热压机头的外侧面有电控盒404，电控盒和机头为一体，电控盒有为机头各种用电器提供馈电或/和调控用电的电源电路，在电控盒的上侧面有为机头的各种用电器提供的电插座或/和用电调控旋扭405，包括焊接力显示器402、电磁铁结构403以及后续提出的CCD407、环形灯408、显微光学装置的液晶显示屏409等用电器都与电控盒电性连接，在电控盒的前面安装有预设定电阻焊电源电参数的显示屏406和根据显示屏进行预设定的功能键410，在电控盒的后侧面有与安装有电阻焊电源和电阻焊电源调控装置的主机电性连接的电缆和外接市电的电源线。
第三，下面接着介绍本发明提出的横夹式焊头夹。
首先需要了解有关焊头夹的背景技术。
电阻焊点焊必须保证加压消压迅速灵活。当完成一次焊接后，机头的复位弹簧等结构有助于消压，使焊接行程回复原位，以便进入下一次焊接操作。要保证点焊机进行这种往返的点焊操作使加压消压迅速灵活，除了热压机头的结构外，对于在焊头夹上的输出电缆是否影响加压消压也至关重要。由于热压电阻焊的焊接采用低电压大电流的方式，输出电缆都比较粗大，一般都在φ10mm以上，但为了便于操作，焊头夹又要求十分小巧，焊头夹前端的宽度只有约30mm左右。另外为了保证输出能量的精确，还需要在靠近二个电极的焊头夹上安装二根反馈线采集反馈信号，要在一个不大的焊头夹上安装二根粗大的输出电缆和安装二根反馈线，采用专利（ZL01114831.4）的点电焊焊头夹，不能满足对点焊加压消压迅速灵活的要求，特别是在焊接小线径工件时，往往会因电极力的不稳定而影响焊接质量，传统技术同样也没有满意的技术方案或结构。
上述的精确电极力加压系统只能保证在当次焊接时电极力保持恒定。本发明的一个目的是提供一种满足在连续焊接时，每一次焊接的电极力也要保持基本不变的焊头夹。为了实现该目的，就有必要进一步审视安装在焊头夹上的二根输出电缆，如果安装在焊头夹上的输出电缆影响电极力的加压消压，也难以实现提供精确的电极力，现有技术的焊头夹对此没有进行考虑。
焊头夹包括由二个金属夹块构成的焊头夹固定部和活动部，并通过固定部与机头滑轴连接安装在热压机头上，本发明把连接在滑轴上的金属夹块称之为焊头夹固定部，把可相对于焊头夹固定部作开合活动的另一个金属夹块称之为焊头夹活动部。
本发明横夹式焊头夹包括焊头夹固定部、焊头夹活动部和二者之间的间隔缝及电极接口，所述的焊头夹固定部通过与机头滑轴相连接安装在热压机头上，所述电极接口可在热压机头前后立面的方向上作前后开合运动，所述的平行电极焊头安装在电极接口上。
需要说明点焊机机头和机头框架具前、后、左、右四个立面，当焊头夹固定部与机头滑轴连接安装在机头上时，焊头夹固定部与活动部二者之间形成的间隔缝及电极接口总体上垂直于机头的前立面，电极接口可在机头左右立面的方向上作左右开合运动，把这样的焊头夹称之为纵夹式焊头夹，现有技术均采用这种结构的纵夹式焊头夹；本发明提出焊头夹固定部与活动部二者之间形成的间隔缝及电极接口总体上平行于机头的前立面，电极接口可在机头前后立面的方向上作前后开合运动，本发明把这种结构的焊头夹称之为横夹式焊头夹。
横夹式焊头夹在对条形、带形和线材焊件进行焊接作业时能更好暴露焊件和便于对焊件进行平面的热压电阻焊作业。
本发明中，把横夹式焊头夹的电极接口设置在更靠近操作者的焊头夹的前侧端，更有利于暴露焊件和进行焊接作业。
为了进一步增强横置式焊头夹安装在机头滑轴上的垂直度，本发明中，对于横夹式焊头夹与机头滑轴的连接，进一步可以将焊头夹固定设计成具成圆弧接口，借助另一具有圆弧接口的金属件与该焊头夹固定部实现对滑轴套设锁紧。
本发明还提出阶梯样焊头夹的结构，通过在毗邻电极接口的焊头夹活动部和焊头夹固定部的顶端分别设置有阶梯样凸起部，把二根粗大的输出电缆越过滑轴两侧骑跨在焊头夹上方安装，在阶梯凸起部上实现点焊加压、消压迅速灵活，为每一次焊接电极力都能保持不变提供了保证；另外，本发明还进一步把二条反馈线套在输出电缆的绝缘外套内，其引出端与输出电缆引出端连接并共用同一端头，不但在外观上减少了二根反馈线，在焊头夹上又减少了二个接线端头及接线螺丝，该结构也有助于加压消压的迅速灵活。
下面结合附图5作进一步说明。
如图5所示，本发明横夹式焊头夹由二块导电性能良好的铜金属材料分别加工成焊头夹固定部501和焊头夹活动部502，在焊头夹固定部后向的一侧位置设有与机头滑轴503相连接的连接口504，横夹式焊头夹通过该连接口504紧固在机头滑轴503上；焊头夹活动部502通过可调螺杆505和塑料活动定位销506与焊头夹固定部501相夹设组装，焊头夹活动部502和焊头夹固定部501二者之间有间隔缝507,在间隔缝507延伸并加工有二个半圆形的电极接口508,这样间隔层507和电极接口508总体上平行于机头的前立面,而通过调节可调螺杆505,电极接口508则可在与机头前后立面的方向上作开合运动，以安装或卸取平行电极焊头516。
为了使焊头夹与机头滑轴的固定更可靠和保证其垂直度，如前所述，连接口504采用了另一个同样具圆弧接口的金属件509，实现与机头滑轴锁紧连接，具体即以该固定部为一金属件，另外配置一金属件，两个金属件在侧边相对接，彼此的相向侧边均设有所述圆弧接口，且两个金属件可通过螺钉相锁紧，从而形成连接口504并由该连接口504套设锁紧滑轴。
为了便于暴露焊件和进行焊接作业，电极接口508设置在焊头夹的前侧端，使之更靠近作业者，而传统的电极接口都设置在焊头夹前侧的正中央。电极接口508由焊头夹固定部501和焊头夹活动部502共同配合实现，具体是在彼此相向安装的侧边上各设置一相向圆弧形接口，通过两个接口的共同配合构成一通孔，由此形成电极接口508。
为了保证每一次焊接作业电极力都均匀一致，本发明的焊头夹采用阶梯样设计，称之为阶梯样焊头夹，其结构为焊头固定部501和焊头夹活动部502在毗邻电极接口508的顶端分别设置有阶梯样凸起部510、511，二根输出电缆512、513通过电缆端头安装在上述的阶梯样凸起部上，实现电阻焊电源与阶梯样焊头夹的电性连接，反馈线514、515一并套在输出电缆的绝缘套管内，并焊接在电缆端头上，平行电极焊头516安装在电极接口508上，这样二根输出电缆和反馈线就越过滑轴两侧以骑跨方式在阶梯样焊头夹顶端安装。
需要说明，显微焊接对焊头夹安装的垂直度和可靠性要求很高，现有的焊头夹与机头
滑轴的连接都是采用以1－3个锁定螺丝连接固定，这种连接只是 “点”的固定方式，很难保证连接后焊头夹的垂直度，本发明提出的焊头夹固定部与机头滑轴的连接为采用各具圆弧接口的二个金属件借用螺钉进行锁紧的结构，形成 “面”的“立体”固定方式，因而对连接后焊头夹的垂直度和可靠性有大大改善的作用。这里需要说明，所述各具圆弧接口包括二个半圆弧接口或一个小圆弧和一个大圆弧的接口，所述的连接口可以设置在焊头夹固定部的左、右侧边任意一边上，也可以设置在焊头夹固定部的后侧边上，也即固定部相对置于热压机头的前向，而活动部相对置于热压机头的后向，注意保持如前所述的横向夹设安装即可，这些与本发明所公开的技术手段类似的结构均属于本权利要求的等同结构，落入本发明的保护范畴。
下面分析本发明阶梯样焊头夹与专利号（ZL011148314）的点焊机焊头夹的不同结构，在进行点焊时输出电缆对电极力的影响。
以专利（ZL011148314）的方式把输出电缆安装在焊头夹的两侧，输出电缆与焊头夹的连接分别会出现向下偏移、向上偏移或没有偏移的三种情况。由于输出电缆弯曲时肯定会有一个弹力，如果输出电缆与焊头夹的连接向下偏移，就会影响点焊的加压；而输出电缆的连接向上偏移，就会影响其消压。即使是输出电缆的安装没有偏移，由于输出电缆置于滑轴的后面，粗大的输出电缆的自重使后段电缆出现弯曲和对焊头产生牵拉，进而影响加压消压和影响电极力的精确。
本发明阶梯样焊头夹是把输出电缆越过滑轴两侧跨骑在焊头夹上方安装，不但保证了输出电缆连接在焊头夹的位置是没有偏移的大致水平位置（相对于电阻焊电源的引线高度而言），减少了电缆弯曲变形的弹力对电极力的影响，而且，滑轴为焊接作用力传导结构的主轴，输出电缆越过滑轴的两侧骑跨安装在焊头夹的上方，还可保证该段电缆与焊头夹彼此保持在同一水平走向，大大减少电缆弯曲所产生牵拉力。在进行焊接操作时，滑轴带动在水平方向的电缆与焊头夹一起做很短行程的往返运动，输出电缆对电极力的影响只剩下电缆的自重，电缆的自重和焊头夹的自重一样，都可以被机头的复位弹簧所克服，因而对电极力产生的影响很小。
需要指出的是，图5中的阶梯样焊头夹只是实施输出电缆越过滑轴两侧跨骑在焊头夹上方安装的结构之一。具电缆接口的阶梯样凸起部既可以与焊头夹块为不分离的同一块金属整体加工而成，阶梯样凸起部也可以与焊头夹夹块为二块分离的金属块，另外加工二个小金属块衬垫在电缆端头的下方，再以紧固螺丝把输出电缆连接在焊头夹的前上方，这些结构均属于把输出电缆越过滑轴两侧跨骑在焊头夹上方安装的等同结构。
第四，下面介绍本发明电阻焊电源的内容。
传统的逆变式电源在以小功率输出时，电阻焊电源的次级回路主要呈阻性，电感量很小，造成次级电流输出波动很大，电流输出波形几乎呈脉动式，因而能量输出精度难以控制，在对微型工件的焊接很容易出现熔毁工件或焊接不牢。为了改变上述逆变式电源脉动式的电流输出波形，通常需要改进阻焊变压器及减少回路损耗以增加逆变频率，如何大幅度增加逆变频率是本领域的技术难题。本发明提出在逆变式电源的输出端安装滤波电感L，反而增加了电流回路损耗，这在逆变式电源来说是不合情理，但在小功率的逆变式电源，所增加的电流回路损耗并不大，因而从作用原理和实际效果，其电流的输出变得十分平稳，本发明把该结构称之逆变式次级整流滤波输出电源。逆变式次级整流滤波输出电源的结构简单易行，收到令人意想不到的技术效果。
图6为本发明逆变式次级整流滤波输出电源的电气框图，其中601为三相整流桥，602为逆变桥、603为电流传感器、604为驱动及控制电路，605为阻焊变压器，606为大功率整流桥，607为输出电流作用于焊件，608为滤波电感L。
本发明提出的逆变式次级整流滤波输出电源为输出功率5000VA以下，如图6所示，逆变式次级整流滤波输出电源600通过在逆变式电源的输出端安装滤波电感L 608，滤波电感L的电感值在30–50 uH，使次级电流输出的瞬间响应曲线由脉动曲线变为连续平稳的曲线，能够实现能量输出精度±1.0 J，同时满足本发明热压电阻焊显微焊接设备对焊接能量和对能量精度的要求。
第五，下面介绍本发明带切线刀的平行电极焊头。
本发明提出了综合电阻焊和热压焊的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，必然涉及其使用的焊头，本发明所采用的焊头为适于热压机头带切线刀的平行电极焊头。
首先须要明确“平行电极焊头”概念:将分别与焊接电源正极、负极连接的焊接金属称之为二个电极；将二个电极置于焊件的同一侧称之为平行电极；将平行电极固连成一体称为之平行电极焊头。
现有技术的平行电极焊头的结构包括焊头主体部、焊头部和焊头尖端部。平行电极焊头采用以耐高温电极材料加工成对称的二个电极，在二个电极之间通过以热固化粘结剂既充当二个电极绝缘的中间间隔层又把二个电极固连成一体，构成平行电极焊头；平行电极焊头的上半部用以与焊头夹连接，称之为焊头主体部；以平行电极焊头的中间间隔层为中轴线，平行电极焊头可划分为前、后、左、右四个立面，平行电极焊头的下半部分别以一定的斜度把前、后、左、右四个立面延伸加工而成锥形的立方体，平行电极焊头下半部的锥形立方体称之为焊头部；锥形立方体焊头部延伸而成的最远端称之为焊头尖端部。
为了便于叙述，本发明根据焊头尖端部二个电极尖端的连接不同,将背景技术提及的可直接焊接漆包线的平行电极焊头中的预应力电极焊头、欧姆接触式平行电极焊头和尖端接触式平行电极焊头归纳并都称之为焊接尖端接触式平行电极焊头，将二个电极的尖端连体的平行电极焊头称之为焊接尖端连体式平行电极焊头，将二个电极的尖端既没有接触也没有连体，而是相互绝缘连接的平行电极焊头称之为焊接尖端绝缘式平行电极焊头。
在明确现有技术平行电极焊头的基本结构后，本发明带切线刀的平行电极焊头也就因为焊接尖端结构的不同，可以划分为A型、B型、C型三种型号：A型为焊接尖端连体式带切线刀的平行电极焊头，B型为焊接尖端接触式带切线刀的平行电极焊头，C型为焊接尖端绝缘式带切线刀的平行电极焊头，在这里需要说明，本发明热压电阻焊显微焊接设备可以使用A型、B型和C型的带切线刀的平行电极焊头， C型带切线刀的平行电极焊头只适用于焊接金属带、金属线。
下面结合附图7和附图8介绍本发明带切线刀的平行电极焊头的结构。
需要说明,实施例附图7和附图8是以A型焊接尖端连体式带切线刀的平行电极焊头作实施例,在明确了该A型实施例的结构,也同时明确B型焊接尖端接触式带切线刀的平行电极焊头和C型焊接尖端绝缘式带切线刀的平行电极焊头的结构，故对B型、C型带切线刀平行电极焊头的结构不再赘述。
图7为带切线刀的平行电极焊头的焊接部和切线刀部之间以绝缘间隔层连接的结构示意图，在图7中，焊头主体部为701、焊头主体部二个电极之间有中间绝缘隔层702，焊头部为703，在焊头部703上有焊接部704，在焊头部703的后立面上加工有切线刀部705，切线刀部705的上部通过绝缘间隔层706固定在焊头部703上，焊接部704延伸加工而成焊接尖端704A，焊接尖端的端面为平面结构，切线刀部705延伸加工而成切线刀尖端705A，焊接尖端704A和切线刀尖端705A二个尖端之间有分隔小槽707。
图8为带切线刀的平行电极焊头的焊接部和切线刀部之间为同一金属连体的结构示意图，在图8中，焊头主体部为801，焊头主体部二个电极之间有中间绝缘隔层802，焊头部为803，在焊头部803上有焊接部804，在焊头部803的右立面上加工有切线刀部805，焊接部804和切线刀部805的基底都为焊头部803的固有金属的连体结构，焊接部804延伸加工而成焊接尖端804A，焊接尖端的端面为平面结构，切线刀部805延伸加工而成切线刀尖端805A，焊接尖端804A和切线刀尖端805A二个尖端之间有分隔小槽806。
总结上述实施方式，本发明带切线刀的平行电极焊头与现有技术的平行电极焊头的结构不同之处在于，现有技术的平行电极焊头具有焊头主体部、焊头部和焊头尖端部，本发明带切线刀的平行电极焊头与现有技术平行电极焊头一样有焊头主体部和由焊头主体部延伸而成的焊头部，而本发明的焊头部则包括有焊接部、切线刀部、和由焊接部延伸而成焊接尖端、由切线刀部延伸而成切线刀尖端。
需要指出带切线刀平行电极焊头的技术进步，现有技术平行电极焊头在焊接完成后需要另一个工序把多余的线尾切除，要把多余的线尾切除绝非易事，一不小心就会损坏焊点，破坏工件，需要在显微镜下用剪刀或刻刀小心切除，还不可避免会出现断口长短不一等质量问题，而本发明把切线刀尖端和焊接尖端有机集成于同一平行电极焊头，焊接与切除漆包线尾同步完成，不但使切线变得十分轻易，而且切线断口均匀一致，明显提高了工作效率和产品质量。
尽管上述实施例仅揭示在焊头部的一个立面上设有切线刀部和切线刀尖端的结构，然而，本领域技术人员应当知晓，以类似的方式在平行电极焊头的焊头部其它立面设置焊接部、切线刀部并延伸成焊接尖端和切线刀尖端，也应视为不超脱本发明的精神实质。
第六，最后介绍本发明提出的热压机头与显微光学装置安装成一体的结构。
本发明的“热压电阻焊显微焊接设备”还配置有显微光学装置。显微光学装置包括光学机头和支架二部分，显微焊接作业要求支架能够对光学机头提供其在对焦时前后方向、左右方向和角度的调节，提供其在调值时对焦距的粗调和微调的调节，所以传统的显微光学装置的支架都是以独立结构安装在热压机头旁边，这样，支架的立柱必然妨碍焊接作业，无奈之下，本申请人曾在“一种长悬臂的精密焊机”专利号CN200410027184.7上提出把带角度和焦距微调的框架安装在机头框架顶端的结构，但由于没有了立柱，光学机头不能在前后方向和左右方向进行对焦，更不能通过立柱对焦距进行调节，往往满足不了显微焊接作业的要求。本发明提出热压机头与显微光学装置安装成一体化的结构，通过在机头框架顶端安装悬臂横梁，悬臂横梁与显微光学装置的支架连接，同时解决了原先的立柱妨碍焊接作业和显微光学装置在对焦调焦上的难题。
请参见附图9，在机头框架901的顶端的合适位置安装有悬臂横梁902，悬臂横梁左外侧有立柱连接孔，显微光学装置支架的立柱903通过立柱连接孔安装在悬臂横梁902的外侧，立柱903和横柱904分别安装在十字孔架905上，带角度和焦距微调的框架906与横柱904连接，光学机头907安装在带角度和焦距微调的框架906上。
有必要说明，本实施例所提出的光学机头可以是体视显微镜机头，也可以是单筒显微镜加CCD摄像头或其它显微镜机头，诸如三通道显微镜机头或带图像识别的CCD摄像头等等，还有必需说明，显微镜光学装置涉及的诸如照明灯、液晶显示屏等用电器同样可以通过电控盒的低压直流电源提供。
操作时，由于立柱可通过立柱连接孔在悬臂横梁上进行高度的调节，实现光学机头对焦距粗调的需要；由于横柱可在十字孔架上进行调节，实现光学机头对前后方向调节的需要；由于立柱可以在立柱连接孔上转动，实现光学机头对左右方向调节的需要，本发明在机头框架顶端安装显微光学装置的支架，使热压机头和显微光学装置成为了一体化的结构，解决了立柱妨碍焊接作业的技术难题。
本发明具有焊接参数精密调控、焊接牢固快捷的电阻焊特点，还具有操作便捷和无缝焊的热压焊特点，本发明热压电阻焊显微焊接设备不仅可以焊接各种线材带材，还可以焊接各种细漆包线，本发明为电子元器件各种引脚的焊接提供一种新的焊接设备，本发明也可以作修补印刷线路板补线机，还可以在拼接太阳能电池中对锡铜带连接的串焊机。
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  1. 一种热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于：
    所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备包括热压机头和电阻焊电源，
    所述热压机头安装有横夹式焊头夹；
    所述的横夹式焊头夹装设有平行电极焊头；
    所述的横夹式焊头夹与所述的电阻焊电源通过电缆电性连接。
  2. 据权利要求1所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于：
    所述的横夹式焊头夹包括焊头夹固定部、焊头夹活动部和二者之间的间隔缝及电极接口，所述的焊头夹固定部通过与机头滑轴的连接安装在热压机头上，所述电极接口可在所述热压机头前后立面的方向上作前后开合运动，所述的平行电极焊头安装在电极接口上。
  3. 据权利要求2所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于：
    所述的电极接口相对于横夹式焊头夹与热压机头连接的位置而言偏置于所述横夹式焊头夹的前向侧端处。
  4. 据利要求2和3所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述的焊头夹固定部具有圆弧接口，其与另一个同样具圆弧接口的金属件，以圆弧接口相对接锁紧在机头滑轴上。
  5. 据权利要求3所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于：
    所述的焊头夹固定部和活动部分别在毗邻所述电极接口的顶端处设置有阶梯样凸起部，与所述电阻焊电源相连接的电缆固定在所述的阶梯样凸起部上。
  6. 据权利要求3所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于：
    所述的焊头夹固定部和活动部分别在毗邻所述电极接口的顶端处设置有阶梯样凸起部，与所述电阻焊电源相连接的电缆固定在所述的阶梯样凸起部上。
  7. 据权利要求1所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述的热压机头具有精确电极力加压系统，所述的精确电极力加压系统包括在机头框架上安装的焊接作用力传导装置、精确电极力预设定装置和焊接力掣断装置；
    所述焊接作用力传导装置将焊接动力通过其力矩传导，把焊接力转化为电极力传导至焊头夹；
    所述精确电极力预设定装置提供可进行预设定量化电极力的设置，在其检测到电极力达到预设定的量值时，驱动电阻焊电源提供焊接电流；
    所述的焊接力掣断装置在焊接完成的同时，阻断焊接力的力矩传导。
  8. 据权利要求7所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于：
    所述的焊接作用力传导装置包括焊接力传导结构、电极力传导结构和焊接力缓冲结构；
    所述焊接力传导结构包括焊接力导向轴和焊接力传导体；焊接力在焊接力导向轴的导引下通过焊接力传导体进行力矩传递；
    所述电极力传导结构包括电极力导向轴和焊头夹；电极力在电极力导向轴的导引下通过焊头夹进行力矩传递；
    所述焊接力缓冲结构用于为所述焊接力的传递过程提供缓冲作用；所述的焊接力缓冲结构包括至少一个作用于焊接力传导结构和电极力传导结构之间的压缩弹簧。
  9. 据权利要求7所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于：
    所述的精确电极力预设定装置包括精确电极力预设定结构和电极力电路；
    所述的精确电极力预设定结构采用以追随结构实现的电极力预设定结构或以压力传感器实现的电极力预设定结构，所述精确电极力预设定结构用于设置量化的电极力；
    所述的电极力电路和电阻焊电源电性连接，用于控制焊接电流的通断。
  10. 据权利要求7所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于：
    所述的焊接力掣断装置包括电磁铁结构和驱动电磁铁工作的电磁铁电路；
    所述的电磁铁结构包括相向设置在焊接力的力矩传递路径中的二个电磁铁；所述的二个电磁铁安装在焊接作用力传导结构上；
    所述的电磁铁电路分别与所述的二个电磁铁和所述的电极力电路电性连接，用于接收电极力电路的电讯号以断开或导通该二个电磁铁的吸合状态以阻断或连通焊接力的力矩传导。
  11. 据权利要求10所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述的二个电磁铁为二个吸盘式电磁铁，或者，其中一个电磁铁为吸盘式电磁铁，另一个为铁磁体。
  12. 据权利要求1所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述的热压机头为带电控盒的热压机头，所述的电控盒安装有为热压机头用电器馈电的结构。
  13. 据权利要求12所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述的电控盒安装有对点焊电源进行电参数输出预设定的结构，所述电参数输出预设定的结构包括通过拔码开关方式预设定的结构或通过显示屏方式以按键预设定的结构。
  14. 据权利要求1所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述的平行电极焊头为带切线刀的平行电极焊头，其包括焊头主体部和由焊头主体部延伸而成的焊头部，所述焊头部包括焊接部和切线刀部，所述焊接部和切线刀部分别延伸形成焊接尖端和切线刀尖端。
  15. 据权利要求14所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述带切线刀的平行电极焊头包括焊接尖端连体式带切线刀的平行电极焊头，或焊接尖端接触式带切线刀的平行电极焊头，或焊接尖端绝缘式带切线刀的平行电极焊头。
  16. 据权利要求14或15所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于：
    所述的焊接部和切线刀部之间为有绝缘间隔层的连接结构，或焊接部和切线刀部都是焊头部固有金属的连体结构，焊接尖端和切线刀尖端之间有绝缘层分隔或分隔小槽。
  17. 据权利要求14或15所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    沿平行电极焊头的焊头主体部向焊头部的延伸方向，所述切线刀尖端的延伸长度大于所述焊接尖端在该方向的延伸长度。
  18. 据权利要求14或15所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述焊接尖端的端面为平面结构。
  19. 据权利要求1所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述的热压机头与显微光学装置固设成一体，所述的显微光学装置包括显微光学支架和显微光学镜头，所述的显微光学镜头包括体视显微镜机头式单筒显微镜加CCD摄像头，所述的显微光学镜头安装在显微光学支架上。
  20. 据权利要求19所述的热压电阻焊显微焊接设备，其特征在于，
    所述的显微光学支架包括固设在机头框架上的悬臂横梁及相互机械连接的立柱、十字孔架、横柱及带角度和焦距微调的框架，显微光学镜头安装在所述带角度和焦距微调的框架上。
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