WO2015081594A1 - 电阻焊显微焊接点焊机 - Google Patents

电阻焊显微焊接点焊机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015081594A1
WO2015081594A1 PCT/CN2013/090936 CN2013090936W WO2015081594A1 WO 2015081594 A1 WO2015081594 A1 WO 2015081594A1 CN 2013090936 W CN2013090936 W CN 2013090936W WO 2015081594 A1 WO2015081594 A1 WO 2015081594A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
force
electrode
head
electrode force
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Application number
PCT/CN2013/090936
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨仕桐
Original Assignee
广州微点焊设备有限公司
杨仕桐
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Application filed by 广州微点焊设备有限公司, 杨仕桐 filed Critical 广州微点焊设备有限公司
Publication of WO2015081594A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015081594A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11Spot welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30Features relating to electrodes
    • B23K11/31Electrode holders and actuating devices therefor
    • B23K11/318Supporting devices for electrode holders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11Spot welding
    • B23K11/115Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/24Electric supply or control circuits therefor
    • B23K11/25Monitoring devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30Features relating to electrodes
    • B23K11/31Electrode holders and actuating devices therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30Features relating to electrodes
    • B23K11/31Electrode holders and actuating devices therefor
    • B23K11/314Spot welding guns, e.g. mounted on robots
    • B23K11/315Spot welding guns, e.g. mounted on robots with one electrode moving on a linear path
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/36Auxiliary equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a micro-welding device, in particular to an electric resistance welding micro-welding spot welding machine.
  • the applicant has long been engaged in the research and development of electric resistance micro-welding equipment, and is therefore familiar with various implementations of electric resistance welding equipment.
  • the electric resistance welding equipment is driven by various welding power sources.
  • the head of the spot welding machine generally only proposes the structure of the pressing mechanism and the electrode gripping rod of the spot welding machine, and the structure is relatively simple, and there is still room for improvement.
  • the applicant has successively held the following patents related to spot welding equipment:
  • the present invention also proposes two concepts of "precision electrode force presetting” and “accurate electrode force pressing system”, which are also introduced in advance.
  • the so-called welding force is a force for performing a welding operation for driving the welding force conducting member and the electrode force conducting member
  • the electrode force is a force for driving the electrode force conducting member and the electrode to perform welding.
  • the difference between the two is that the stroke of the welding force is longer than the electrode force, and the force of the welding force is larger than the electrode force.
  • the so-called electrode force pre-setting refers to pre-setting the electrode force for the electrode, and performing the spot welding operation by the pre-set electrode force related structure conduction current; and the precise electrode force preset
  • the rule is to pre-set the amount of the quantized electrode force for the electrode, and to ensure that the actual output electrode force is consistent with the preset electrode force within a given accuracy range, and the electrode force at the actual output reaches the preset amount.
  • the instantaneous on-current is applied to the spot welding operation.
  • the so-called electrode force pressurization system is a general term for a structure in which an electrode force is supplied during a welding period in which a spot welding apparatus performs welding.
  • the precise electrode force pressurization system is a general term for the relevant structure that can ensure the electrode force provided by the electrode assembly based on the precise electrode force pre-setting.
  • the basic effect required for a precision electrode force pressurization system is that the actual output electrode force is maintained and remains relatively constant over the given accuracy range throughout the weld period.
  • the precise electrode force pressing system proposed by the present invention comprises a welding force transmission device, a precise electrode force presetting device and a welding force breaking device, and the precise electrode force pressing system is coordinated and mutually restricted by electromechanical integration. It is achieved that the actual output electrode force is maintained and maintained relatively constant over a given accuracy range throughout the welding period.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a resistance welding micro-welding spot welder that precisely controls the actual output electrode force.
  • the electric resistance welding micro-welding spot welding machine provided by the invention comprises a spot welding machine head and a spot welding power source, wherein:
  • the spot welder head has a head frame, and the head frame is provided with a precise electrode force pressurization system for outputting the output with a predetermined electrode force within a given accuracy range.
  • Uniform electrode force Uniform electrode force
  • the spot welding machine head is provided with a welding head clamp, and the welding head clamp is driven by the electrode force actually output by the precise electrode force pressing system;
  • the horn clip is electrically connected to the spot welding power source through an output cable.
  • the precise electrode force pressing system includes a welding force transmission device mounted on the head frame, a precise electrode force presetting device, and a welding force breaking device;
  • the welding force transmission device transmits the welding power through its torque, converts the welding force into an electrode force and conducts it to the welding head clamp;
  • the precise electrode force presetting device provides a setting for pre-setting the quantized electrode force, and when the electrode force is detected to reach a predetermined amount, driving the spot welding power source to provide a welding current;
  • the welding force breaking device blocks the torque transmission of the welding force when the electrode force reaches a predetermined amount.
  • the welding force transmission device includes a welding force transmission structure, an electrode force transmission structure, and a welding force buffer structure;
  • the welding force transmission structure includes a welding force guiding shaft and a welding force conductor; the welding force is transmitted by the welding force conductor under the guidance of the welding force guiding shaft;
  • the electrode force conducting structure comprises an electrode force guiding shaft and the welding head clip; the electrode force is transmitted under the guidance of the electrode force guiding shaft by a welding head clamped on the welding head clip for torque transmission;
  • the welding force buffering structure is configured to provide a buffering action for the transmission process of the welding force; the welding force buffering structure includes at least one compression spring acting between the welding force conducting structure and the electrode force conducting structure.
  • the precise electrode force pre-setting device includes an electrode force pre-setting structure and an electrode force circuit;
  • the electrode pre-setting structure adopts a follow-up structure or a pressure sensor structure for setting a quantized electrode force
  • the electrode force circuit and the resistance welding power source are electrically connected so that the electrode force circuit controls the on and off of the welding current.
  • the welding force breaking device comprises an electromagnet structure and an electromagnet circuit
  • the electromagnet structure includes an electromagnet and an absorbing iron block; the electromagnet and the absorbing iron block are respectively mounted on the fixing member and the movable member of the handpiece; and the movable member is provided to reset the movable member Reset element
  • the electromagnet circuits are electrically connected to the electromagnet and the electrode force circuit, respectively.
  • the head frame is a plastic head frame.
  • the connection between the electrode force guiding shaft of the plastic head frame and the horn clip is a direct connection of metal to metal.
  • the welding head clamp includes a welding head clamp movable portion and a welding head clamp fixing portion which are installed in a front-rear direction with respect to the machine head, and the front side of the welding head clamp movable portion and the welding head clamp fixing portion The end is provided with an electrode interface on which the parallel electrode horn is mounted.
  • connection between the welding head clip and the sliding shaft of the machine head is locked by the connecting portion of the welding head clip fixing portion with the circular arc notch and the other metal member facing each other at the side edges.
  • the welding head clip is a step-like welding head clip, and a step-like convex portion is respectively disposed at a top end of the welding head clamping block fixing portion and the movable portion adjacent to the electrode interface, and the spot welding power source Two output cables are respectively mounted on the two stepped projections.
  • the top of the head frame is mounted with a cantilever beam
  • the bracket of the microscopic optical device is mounted on the cantilever beam.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the required electrode force can be pre-set in a quantified manner by the electrode force circuit in the precise electrode force presetting device, and then the welding force is transmitted to the electrode by the welding force transmission device to finally generate the electrode force, at the moment During the transmission process, it is pre-constrained by the electrode force presetting structure in the precise electrode force presetting device, and when the preset quantized value is reached, further controlled by the electrode force circuit to drive the welding
  • the electromagnet and the adsorption magnet of the force breaking device generate a swaying effect, thereby preventing the electrode force from continuing to increase. If the physical error is not considered, the actual output electrode force should be exactly the same as the preset electrode force.
  • the invention further improves the mechanical structure of the head frame, improves the installation structure of the spot welding power cable and the welding head clip, and further improves the overall performance of the entire spot welding machine.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an electric resistance welding micro-welding spot welding machine of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the head portion of the electric resistance welding micro-welding spot welding machine of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a welding head holder of the electric resistance welding micro-welding spot welding machine of the present invention, which is shown in a side view and a top view in a side-by-side manner.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural view showing the micro-optical device holder mounted on the head frame of the present invention, showing the front view and the side view state in a side-by-side manner.
  • micro-welding spot welding machine of the electric resistance welding micro-welding spot welding machine of the present invention.
  • the micro-welding spot welding machine is for a micro-workpiece which cannot be welded under direct vision, and proposes to include an electrode force.
  • FIG. 1 shows the structural principle of the spot welding machine of the present invention, and the structural principle thereof is also shown, wherein the large block 101 represents the head frame, and the small block 102 represents the welding power of the spot welder to provide an external power source ( Welding force), 103 is a welding force transmission structure, 104 is a welding force buffer structure, 105 is an electrode force transmission structure, 106 is a precise electrode force presetting device, 107 is a welding force breaking device, and 108 is a welded assembly.
  • the head clamp and the electrode, 109 is a weldment, and 110 is a spot welding power source.
  • FIG. 1 mainly describes the spot welding machine of the present invention with two main lines in a force relationship and an electric action relationship.
  • the welding force transmission device includes the welding force transmission structure 103, the welding force buffer structure 104 and the electrode force transmission structure 105.
  • the precise electrode force pressurization system includes the welding force transmission device composed of the welding force transmission structure 103, the welding force buffer structure 104 and the electrode force transmission structure 105 in FIG. 1, and the precise electrode force presetting device. 106 and the welding force breaking device 107, the above structure is mutually restricted by the synergy of electromechanical integration, and the basic effects required for the precise electrode pressure pressing system are realized.
  • the precision electrode force pressurization system is mounted on the head frame.
  • the present invention is in addition to the inventive content of the precise electrode force pressurization system shown in FIG. 1, and the present invention also follows the head frame 101 and the horn clip 108 disclosed in FIG. Etc. Make improvements.
  • the precise electrode force pressurization system includes a welding force transmission device, a precise electrode force presetting device, and a welding force breaking device, and the three parts are adopted.
  • the understanding of the "precision range” in the "given precision range” should be understood as comparing the actual output electrode force with a pre-set electrode force, which has a certain error range, and this error range is as small as possible.
  • the error range is known, ie "given".
  • the rear end of the head frame 201 is fixed to the column 202, and the lower portion of the column is fixedly mounted on the table.
  • a small shaft 203, a middle shaft 204, and a sliding shaft 205 that are vertically mounted substantially parallel to the column 202 are disposed on the head frame 201; and a horizontally mounted central shaft clamp substantially perpendicular to the column 202 206 and slide shaft clamp 207.
  • One end of the central axle clamp 206 is fastened to the central shaft 204, and the other end of the central axle clamp 206 is connected to a return spring 221 sleeved on the welding power transmission pull rod (or cable) 222 to receive external welding power.
  • One end of the return spring 221 is connected to the middle shaft clamp 206, and the other end is connected with a support member sleeved on the pull rod; one end of the slide shaft clamp 207 is tightly connected with the slide shaft 205, and the slide shaft 205 can be moved up and down by the welding force, and the middle shaft 204 is
  • the lower two sections are respectively provided with compression springs 208 and 209, and the sliding shaft clamp 207 is disposed through the middle shaft 204. At the corresponding position where the sliding shaft clamp 207 is penetrated by the central shaft 204, the upper and lower end faces of the sliding shaft clamp 207 respectively interfere or connect.
  • the compression springs 208, 209; the small shaft 203 is disposed through the middle axle clamp 206 and the sliding axle clamp 207 to allow the middle axle clamp 206 and the sliding axle clamp 207 to slide along the small shaft 203; in addition, the small axle 203 is also divided into compression.
  • the welding force transmitting structure of the present invention includes the small shaft 203, the middle shaft 204, the center shaft clamp 206, and the sliding shaft clamp 207 which realize a predetermined mounting structure;
  • the electrode force transmitting structure of the present invention includes A sliding shaft 205 and a weld head clamp 212 of a predetermined mounting structure are realized;
  • the welding force buffering structure of the present invention includes a first set of compression springs 208, 209 and a second set of compression springs respectively mounted on the center shaft 204 and the small shaft 203 210, 211.
  • the small shaft 203 and the middle shaft 204 are the guide shafts of the welding force
  • the middle shaft clamp 206 and the slide shaft clamp 207 are the conductors of the welding force
  • the small shaft 203 and the sliding shaft 205 are the functions of the components.
  • the guide shaft of the electrode force, the horn clip 212 is a conductor of the electrode force.
  • the essence of the welding force buffering structure refers to a compression spring installed between the welding force conducting structure and the electrode force conducting structure, and the function thereof includes gently transmitting the welding force to the electrode force conducting structure and when When the welding force is broken, the welding force can still be maintained by the action of the compression spring, that is, by providing a structure for buffering torque transmission in the above torque transmission path, the force transmission is softer, that is,
  • the welding force buffer structure of the present invention is constructed.
  • the specific implementation manner of the welding force buffer structure can be various, for example, the embodiment can be improved, so that the welding force buffer structure retains only one set of spring combinations.
  • only one compression spring is disposed between the welding force conducting structure and the electrode force conducting structure (for example, a compression spring is disposed between the upper middle shaft clamp 206 and the middle sliding shaft clamp 207 of the small shaft 203, and the other three compression springs are omitted).
  • a compression spring is disposed between the upper middle shaft clamp 206 and the middle sliding shaft clamp 207 of the small shaft 203, and the other three compression springs are omitted.
  • the compression springs 208, 209 can be used as a buffering function as described above when they are built in the center shaft, but can be regarded as part of the welding force buffer structure, but viewed from another functional perspective. , which further functions as a follow-up structure required for the electrode force pre-setting process.
  • the compression springs 208 and 209 are mounted on the upper and lower sections of the central shaft 204 to further form the electrode force pre-setting structure 215 of the present invention.
  • the present invention is in the head frame 201.
  • An electrode force circuit 216 is mounted on the front end, and the electrode force presetting structure and the electrode force circuit constitute the precise electrode force presetting device of the present invention.
  • the elastic coefficients of the upper and lower compression springs 208 and 209 are fixed at the time of delivery, and the reaction force of the external force of the repelling force is also determined. Making full use of this characteristic is beneficial to determine the aforementioned “ Given the accuracy range, of course, if the given accuracy range is to be modified during use, it can be achieved by setting an adjustment screw at either end of the center shaft 204 to modify the extension state of the compression spring.
  • the precise electrode force presetting device includes an electrode force presetting structure and an electrode force circuit, and the electrode force presetting structure can be implemented by using a follower structure as shown in FIG.
  • the electrode force circuit is electrically connected to the spot welding power source.
  • the compression springs 208, 209 play a very ingenious role in the above embodiments, and can function as a welding force buffering structure and as an electrode force presetting structure. And in accordance with the foregoing various variations examples disclosed with respect to the welding force buffer structure and the electrode force pre-setting structure, the compression springs 208, 209 are not necessary implementations for both structures, and may be in some embodiments. It is replaced, however, the use of compression springs 208, 209 can achieve both structures at the same time, which is obviously a better solution. Those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of this.
  • the welding force breaking device comprises an electromagnet structure and an electromagnet circuit for driving the electromagnet structure
  • the electromagnet structure comprises an electromagnet and an adsorption iron block
  • the electromagnet and the adsorption iron block are respectively mounted on the fixing member of the spot welding machine head
  • the electromagnet circuit is electrically connected to the electrode force circuit of the precise electrode force presetting device.
  • the electromagnet structure When the electromagnet circuit is turned on, the electromagnet in the electromagnet structure is driven to adsorb the adsorbed iron block.
  • the electromagnet structure must have a reset member, and the reset member refers to a member that is returned to the original position by the adsorbed iron block adsorbed by the electromagnet when the electromagnet circuit is disconnected.
  • the reset member There may be various types of the reset member, and a known structure such as a tension spring, a permanent magnet having a polarity opposite to that of the electromagnet, etc., which can assist the reset of the adsorbed movable member, may be used, as those skilled in the art will be aware of, and will not be described.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural schematic view of an electromagnet and an adsorbing iron block respectively mounted on a fixing member and a movable member of a spot welding machine head.
  • an electromagnet 217 is mounted on the upper frame of the head frame 201, and an adsorption iron block 218 is attached to the adsorption surface of the electromagnet, and a reset member 219 is attached to the upper ends of the center shaft 204 and the slide shaft 205.
  • the absorbing iron block 218 and the reset member 219 are connected by means of the pivot pin 220.
  • the middle shaft 204 belongs to the movable member, during the movement of the middle shaft 204, once the adsorbed iron block thereon is adsorbed by the electromagnet, the central shaft 204 plays a hindrance role in the welding force transmission process, thereby exerting a cutting effect.
  • the reset member 219 on the central shaft 204 is reset to force the external shaft 204 to be removed by external force to be reset, thereby restoring the normal stress environment of the central shaft 204.
  • the present invention divides the structure of the spot welder head into a movable member and a fixed member, and is not limited to the understanding of the two parts of the upper frame and the centering shaft 204 of the head frame as in the prior art.
  • the movable member referred to in the present invention includes a movable member such as a middle shaft clamp, a middle shaft, a small shaft, a slide shaft clamp, a sliding shaft, etc.;
  • the fixing member includes a head frame and the like and the above A member that is fixed to the movable member.
  • Any fixed member or movable member can be designed to cooperate with the electromagnet and the attracting magnet and the reset member according to conventional design principles without being limited by the prior art.
  • the precise electrode force pressing system of the present invention comprises a welding force conducting structure, a welding force buffering structure, an electrode force conducting structure, an electromagnet structure, an electromagnet circuit, and an accurate electrode force.
  • the electromechanical pressure system consisting of a pre-set structure and an electrode force circuit, in the entire precise electrode force pressurization system, the electrode pre-setting structure plays a role of pre-defining the control effect of the electrode force through its spring structure, participating Setting the quantized electrode force, the electrode force circuit plays a very important control role.
  • the required electrode force to be preset is input in a quantitative manner through the input interface provided by the electrode force circuit, and then, during the operation, welding
  • the power source supplies a welding force to the welding force conductor.
  • the electrode force circuit detects that the welding force reaches a preset value through its own detecting circuit, the electrode force circuit issues a command to the welding power source to turn on the spot welding power source for further further.
  • the conducting electrode provides a welding current for spot welding, and on the other hand, an electromagnet circuit is commanded to conduct the electromagnet to adsorb the adsorbing iron block, and the electromagnet structure swayes the welding force conducting structure to prevent torque conduction.
  • the electrode force circuit in the precise electrode force presetting device pre-sets the required electrode force in a quantified form, and then the welding force is converted into an electrode force by the force transmitting device and conducted to the electrode for finalization.
  • the electrode force that produces the actual output is pre-constrained by the electrode force pre-setting structure in the precise electrode force presetting device during the torque transmission, and further advanced by the precise electrode force when the pre-set electrode force is reached.
  • the electrode force should be exactly the same as the preset electrode force to achieve the precise electrode force preset and effective effect. Due to the physical error, the product can be designed according to the given accuracy range at the time of shipment. In use, during the above process, the final actual output electrode force and the preset electrode force are always kept in the given size. Within the accuracy range, it is naturally also considered to achieve accurate electrode force control effects.
  • the welding consumables for electric resistance welding are generally less than 0.10 mm.
  • the present invention adopts a welding force swaying device which is not affected by the height difference of the weldment.
  • the prior art swaying is a structure using a stroke limit, such as the existing
  • the servo motor with the best technical accuracy has a limit of less than 0.01mm, but it can not meet the requirements of resistance welding micro-welding. The reason is that the height difference of the workpiece to be welded is 0.03mm.
  • the servo motor has no way to correct the error of the workpiece by the stroke limit.
  • the invention triggers the working signal of the electromagnet at the same time by the trigger signal of the spot welding power source, so the tilting of the invention is completely unaffected by the height difference of the weldment.
  • the electrode force circuit disconnects the spot welding current provided by the spot welding power source, and at the same time, instructs the welding force breaking device to return to the original state, that is, completes a spot welding process.
  • the working principle of the welding force buffer structure seems simple, but it is also an important component of the precise electrode force pressing system.
  • the entire spot welding period of resistance welding micro-welding must rely on the maintenance of the exact value of the electrode force and the relative force of the electrode force and the action time. Since the resistance welding spot welding process is completely closed and unobservable, the spot welding process It includes the coupling of electricity, heat, force and multivariate. These coupling effects are highly nonlinear.
  • the weldment is in the extremely short nucleation process after being thermally expanded and then softened and flattened. It is conceivable that if there is no welding force. When the buffer structure is maintained, the electrode force increases as the weldment expands.
  • the electromechanical integrated precision electrode force pressing system of the invention realizes the synergistic action and mutual constraint of the precise electrode force presetting device combined with the welding force swaying device and the welding force buffering structure, thereby realizing the electrode force during the entire spot welding period Maintaining and relatively constant in the preset range (given precision range) better solves the technical problem of resistance welding micro-welding.
  • Fig. 2 also shows the head frame of the spot welding machine of the present invention.
  • the head frame is also improved, and the structure of the plastic head frame is proposed.
  • the invention of the plastic head frame will be described below.
  • the prior art head frame adopts a metal head frame.
  • the resistance spot welding has strict requirements on the verticality and radial swing of the welding head, otherwise welding is easy to occur during welding. Instability or slippage of the weldment is more difficult for the present invention because the invention is often used for spot welding such as wire for enameled wire, cylindrical wire is easier to slip, and second, the invention is mainly used.
  • Single-sided welding of parallel gaps, both electrodes are mounted on the same welding head clamp. Since the welding head clamp and the sliding shaft are made of metal, an insulation material gap must be added between the welding head clamp and the sliding shaft of the head frame.
  • the inertia thinking is removed, and the original metal head frame is replaced by a plastic manufacturing head frame. Since the plastic head frame is produced by the mold, the machining precision is greatly improved, not only the radial swing of the sliding shaft can be reduced, but more importantly, the plastic head frame is used, and the connection between the sliding shaft and the welding head clip can be made of metal and metal. Direct connection is made without the need for insulation material spacing, which is of great practical significance for improving and ensuring the perpendicularity of the weld head clamp.
  • the sliding shaft and the welding head clip are a direct connection between the metal, including a welded joint, or a riveted joint, or a tight fit joint, or a screw joint.
  • the present invention also relates to the invention of a welding head clamp which is preferably a transversely-shielded welding head clamp as defined in the present invention.
  • the present invention also proposes a structure of a step-like welding head clamp.
  • the cross-clamping horn clip of the present invention has a substantially block shape and is attached to the handpiece slide shaft with respect to the operator in a transverse manner. The structure of the welding head clip will be described below with reference to FIG.
  • Resistance welding spot welding must ensure rapid and flexible pressure relief.
  • the structure of the return spring of the head helps to suppress the pressure, and the welding stroke is returned to the original position to enter the next welding operation.
  • the pressure-reducing pressure is quick and flexible.
  • the output cable on the welding head clamp it is also important for the output cable on the welding head clamp to affect the pressurization and suppression. Since the electric resistance welding micro-welding adopts the method of low voltage and large current, the output cables are relatively large, generally above ⁇ 10mm, but for the convenience of operation, the welding head clips are required to be very small, and the width of the front end of the welding head clip is only about 30 mm.
  • the precise electrode force pressurization system only guarantees that the electrode force remains constant during the current welding. In practical applications, it is also necessary to maintain the electrode force of each welding in continuous welding. Therefore, it is necessary to further examine the two output cables installed on the welding head clip. If the output cable installed on the welding head clamp affects the pressurization of the electrode force, it is not conducive to providing accurate electrode force. The weld head clamp has not been considered for this.
  • the conventional welding head clamp usually comprises a fixing portion and a movable portion.
  • the two parts can be opened and closed at ordinary times, and the fixing portion is locked with the sliding shaft of the machine head to achieve a fixed connection with the machine head, and the parallel electrode welding head is normally clamped.
  • the fixing portion is separated from the movable portion.
  • the fixing portion and the movable portion of the welding head clip are formed by sandwiching the left and right sides of the separating head, that is, being formed by being interposed on the left and right sides of the operator.
  • the line facing the front of the machine and connected to the front of the operator is longitudinal, that is, facing the operator, and the direction formed on the front and rear sides of the nose in front of the operator (the side close to the operator is forward, away from operation)
  • One side of the member is rearward;
  • the line connecting the eyes of the operator is the horizontal direction, that is, the direction in which the left and right sides of the nose (operator) are formed.
  • the nip formed by the fixing portion and the movable portion of the conventional welding head clip is parallel to the longitudinal direction and perpendicular to the transverse direction. Therefore, the conventional welding head clip is defined as a vertical clamping type welding head clip, which is different from this.
  • the nip formed by the fixed portion and the movable portion is parallel to the transverse clip-on horn clip.
  • the structure of the horizontal clip welding head clip proposed by the invention has the electrode interface disposed on the front side end of the welding head clip facing the operator, which is advantageous for exposing the welding piece and performing the welding operation; the invention also applies the horizontal clamping type welding head
  • the connection between the clip and the sliding shaft of the head adopts a structure in which two metal pieces each having a circular recess are locked to form a mounting hole; the present invention also proposes a structure of the step-like welding head clip, which is passed through the movable portion of the welding head clip and The top end of the adjacent electrode interface of the fixing portion of the welding head clip is respectively provided with a step-like protrusion, and the two large output cables are mounted over the welding head clip over the sliding shafts on both sides of the sliding shaft to realize rapid and flexible spot welding and pressure suppression.
  • the present invention further provides two feedback wires in the insulating jacket of the output cable, and the lead ends are connected with the output cable leading ends and share the same end, not only the same, but also the same end.
  • the two feedback lines are reduced in appearance, and two terminal ends and wiring screws are reduced on the welding head clamp. This structure also contributes to the rapid and flexible pressure relief.
  • a horizontal clip-on welding head holder 300 of the present invention is processed into two welding head metal fixing materials 301 and a welding head holder movable portion 302, respectively, in a welding head holder fixing portion.
  • a connecting port 304 connected to the head sliding shaft 303 is disposed at a rear corner position, and the welding head clip is fastened to the head sliding shaft 303 through the connecting port 304; the welding head clamp movable portion 302 faces the operator
  • the adjustable screw 305 and the plastic movable positioning tip 306 are assembled with the welding head clip fixing portion 301 so that the welding head clip movable portion 302 can be opened forward and backward with respect to the welding head clip fixing portion 301.
  • the movable portion 302 is normally locked with the fixing portion 301, and when the parallel electrode welding head needs to be replaced or installed, the adjustment screw 305 is operated.
  • the cube-shaped head is substantially in the shape of a flat box, its flat thickness extends in parallel with the lateral direction of the operator's line of sight, and its vertical longitudinal extension is parallel and orthogonal to the lateral direction of the operator's line of sight. Set, and its horizontal longitudinal extension direction is perpendicular to the lateral direction of the operator's line of sight.
  • the sliding shaft 303 is opposite to the forward portion of the hot press head, and after the horizontal clip welding head clamp 300 is mounted on the sliding shaft 303, the welding head is relative to the welding head clamp 303 itself.
  • the clip fixing portion 301 is oppositely disposed at the rear portion, that is, relatively close to the rear direction of the hot press head, relatively far from the operator; and the weld head clip movable portion 302 is oppositely disposed at the front end, that is, relatively close to the forward direction of the hot press head , closer to the operator.
  • the nip formed by the movable portion 302 and the fixed portion 301 is also placed transversely to the front of the hot press head, substantially parallel to the operator's eye line.
  • the electrode interface is also formed in a manner similar to the foregoing connecting port, and the recessed portion is formed at the corresponding position of the movable portion 302 and the fixed portion 301. Therefore, when the electrode interface is provided with the parallel electrode welding head, the movable portion 302 and the fixing portion 301 are each connected to one electrode of the parallel electrode horn, and the gap formed between the two electrodes of the parallel electrode horn is also placed transversely in the forward direction of the hot press head.
  • the welding head clip of the present invention is defined as a horizontal clip type welding head clip, which is different from the conventional welding head holder.
  • the effect is mainly reflected in the parallel electrode welding head being moved by the movable part and the fixed part respectively relative to the hot pressing machine.
  • the head is sandwiched in the forward and backward directions.
  • the connecting opening 304 is realized by two metal piece locking structures 307 each having a circular arc notch, specifically
  • the fixing portion is a metal member, and a metal member is further disposed.
  • the two metal members are opposite to each other on the side edges, and the arc-shaped recesses are respectively provided on opposite sides of each other, and the two metal members can be locked by screws.
  • the connection port 304 is formed and the slide shaft is locked by the connection port 304.
  • an electrode interface 308 is provided at the front side end of the weld head clamp, and the front side end is relatively far from the connection position of the slide shaft and the welding head clamp.
  • the electrode interface 308 is formed by the joint function of the horn clip fixing portion 301 and the horn clip moving portion 302. Specifically, a facing recess is disposed on each side of the side facing each other, and the two recesses are formed by a common fit. A through hole, thereby forming an electrode interface.
  • the butt welding head clamp of the present invention adopts a step-like design, and is configured to be respectively disposed at the top ends of the welding head fixing portion 301 and the welding head holder movable portion 302 adjacent to the electrode interface 308.
  • Stepped protrusions 309, 310, two output cables 311, 312 are mounted on the stepped protrusions through the cable ends, thereby electrically connecting the resistance welding power source and the step-like welding head clips, the feedback line 313,
  • the 314 is sleeved in the insulating sleeve of the output cable and welded on the cable end, and the parallel electrode horn 315 is mounted on the electrode interface 308, so that the two output cables and the feedback line cross the sliding shaft in two ways. Install on the top of the step-like weld head clamp.
  • micro-welding has high requirements on the verticality and reliability of the welding head clamp installation.
  • the existing welding head clamp and machine have high requirements on the verticality and reliability of the welding head clamp installation.
  • connection of the head sliding shaft is fixed by 1-3 locking screws. This connection is only fixed by "point”. It is difficult to ensure the verticality of the welding head clip after the connection.
  • the welding head clamp fixing part proposed by the present invention The connection with the sliding shaft of the machine head is a structure in which two metal pieces with arc-shaped recesses are used to lock the screws, and a "three-dimensional" connection of "face” is formed, so that the perpendicularity of the welding head clip after joining is Reliability has a greatly improved effect.
  • each of the circular arc notches includes two circular arc notches or an interface of a small circular arc and a large circular arc, and the connecting opening can be disposed on the left and right sides of the fixing portion of the welding head clip.
  • the edge On either side of the edge, it may be disposed on the rear side of the fixing portion of the welding head clip, that is, the fixing portion is opposite to the forward direction of the hot pressing head, and the movable portion is opposite to the rear direction of the hot pressing head.
  • the output cable is installed on both sides of the welding head holder in the manner of patent (ZL011148314), and the connection of the output cable and the welding head clip may be reversed, offset upward or not offset, respectively. Since there will be a spring force when the output cable is bent, if the connection between the output cable and the welding head clip is shifted downward, the pressurization of the spot welding will be affected; and the connection of the output cable is shifted upward, which will affect the decompression. . Even if the installation of the output cable is not offset, since the output cable is placed behind the sliding shaft, the weight of the large output cable causes the rear cable to bend and pull the welding head, which affects the pressure suppression and affects the electrode force. Precise.
  • the welding head clamp of the invention installs the output cable over the sliding shaft on both sides of the welding head clamp, which not only ensures that the output cable is connected to the position of the welding head clamp in a substantially horizontal position without deviation (relative to the lead of the electric resistance welding power source) In terms of height), the influence of the elastic force of the cable bending deformation on the electrode force is reduced, and the sliding shaft is the main shaft of the welding force transmission structure, and the output cable is installed above the welding head clip on both sides of the sliding shaft, and can also be ensured
  • the cable and the welding head clamp are kept at the same level with each other, which greatly reduces the pulling force generated by the bending of the cable.
  • the sliding shaft drives the horizontal cable to make a short stroke with the welding head clamp.
  • the influence of the output cable on the electrode force is only the weight of the cable, the weight of the cable and the weight of the welding head clamp. In the same way, it can be overcome by the return spring of the handpiece, and thus has little effect on the electrode force.
  • the step-like welding head clamp in the figure is only one of the structures in which the output cable is mounted over the sliding shaft on both sides of the sliding shaft.
  • the stepped protrusion with the cable interface can be integrally processed with the same piece of metal that the welding head clamp is not separated, and the stepped protrusion can also be combined with the welding head to form two separate metal blocks, and the second processing is performed.
  • a small metal block is placed under the cable end, and the output cable is connected to the front of the welding head clip with fastening screws.
  • the invention also proposes a structure in which a cantilever beam is mounted on the top end of the head frame, and a micro-optical device bracket is mounted on the cantilever beam.
  • the structure of the micro-optical device mounted on the top cantilever beam of the head frame is described below with reference to FIG.
  • the "resistance welding micro-welding spot welding machine" of the present invention is provided with a micro-optical device.
  • the micro-optical device consists of an optical lens and a bracket.
  • the micro-welding operation requires the bracket to provide the optical lens with adjustment of the front-rear direction, the left-right direction and the angle during focusing, and provides the adjustment of the coarse adjustment and fine adjustment of the focal length.
  • the brackets of the traditional micro-optical devices are installed in a separate structure beside the head of the spot welding machine.
  • the brackets of the micro-optical device include the column, the cross-hole frame, the horizontal column, the frame with the angle and the fine pitch adjustment, and the column installation.
  • the cross-hole frame connects the column and the horizontal column, and the frame with the angle and the focal length fine-tuned is connected with the horizontal column.
  • the cross-hole frame can realize the adjustment of the optical lens to the front-back direction, the left-right direction and the coarse adjustment of the focal length.
  • the bracket since the bracket is installed beside the left side of the spot welding machine head, the column of the bracket inevitably hinders the welding operation.
  • the applicant has proposed the belt on the "a long cantilever precision welding machine" patent number CN200410027184.7.
  • the angle and focus fine-tuned frame is mounted on the top of the head frame, but without the uprights and cross-hole frames, there is no optical lens front
  • the focus and the coarse adjustment of the focal length in the left and right direction often fail to meet the requirements of microwelding.
  • the invention proposes to install a cantilever beam at the top of the head frame, and to mount the bracket of the microscopic optical device on the cantilever beam, and at the same time solve the problem that the column hinders the welding operation and the microscopic optical device adjusts the front and rear direction, the left and right direction and the focal length. Tune the technical problems.
  • a cantilever beam 402 is mounted at a suitable position on the top end of the head frame 401.
  • the left side of the cantilever beam has a column connecting hole, and the column 403 of the micro-optical device bracket is mounted on the left side of the cantilever beam 402 through the column connecting hole.
  • the outer side, the column 403 and the horizontal column 404 are respectively mounted on the cross-hole frame 405, the frame 406 with angle and focus fine adjustment is connected to the horizontal column 404, and the optical lens 407 is mounted on the frame 406 with angle and focus fine adjustment.
  • optical lens portion described in this embodiment may be a stereo microscope, or a monocular microscope plus a CCD system or other optical microscopically magnified lens.
  • the present invention installs a cantilever beam at the top of the head frame, and the structure of the microscopic optical device is mounted on the cantilever beam to make the conventional display
  • the micro-optical device independent bracket and the spot welding machine head become an integrated structure, which solves the technical problem that the column hinders the welding operation.
  • the present invention enables the spot welding machine to achieve precise control of the output of the electrode force, and makes a complete machine improvement for the existing spot welding machine, so that the technical application of the spot welding machine can satisfy the electric resistance welding micro welding.

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Abstract

一种电阻焊显微焊接的点焊机,包括点焊机机头、点焊电源(213)和焊头夹(212),机头框架(201)上设置有精确电极力加压系统,精确电极力加压系统包括机电一体化的焊接作用力传导装置、精确电极力预设定装置以及焊接力掣断装置。相关结构协同作用、相互制约,实现了在整个点焊时段,电极力都在预设定范围维持和相对恒定。此外,该点焊机还具有塑料机头框架的结构、阶梯样焊头夹的结构、显微光学装置安装在机头框架顶端悬臂横梁的结构,使该点焊机可以满足电阻焊显微焊接的基本要求。

Description

电阻焊显微焊接点焊机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种显微焊接设备,尤其涉及一种电阻焊显微焊接点焊机。
背景技术
本申请人长期从事电阻显微焊接设备的研发,因而熟知电阻焊设备的多种实现方案。通常,电阻焊设备采用各种各样的焊接电源驱动,对点焊机的机头一般只笼统提出点焊机的加压机构和电极握杆的结构,结构相对简单,尚有精益求精的空间。本申请人曾陆续持有下列涉及点焊设备的专利:
1、发明名称:可直接焊漆包线的点电焊机,公告号:CN1318449,公告日:2001年10月24日;
2、发明名称:带压力显示的点电焊机机头,公告号:CN1323675,公告日:2001年11月28日;
3、发明名称:一种带压力传感器的点焊机机头,公告号:CN2728698,公告日:2005年9月28日;
4、发明名称:精密电阻焊点焊机,公告号:CN101234452,公告日:2008年8月6日。
以上所列的专利公告,其中“可直接焊漆包线的点电焊机”获第十一届中国专利金奖,这些背景技术揭示了申请人一直以来的技术改进思路,也足以代表电阻焊显微焊接点焊设备近十余年来的技术沿革。电阻焊显微焊接需要精确控制电极力,至于如何精确控制电极力,依据以上所列专利公告的技术方案所实施的点焊机,或者限于其理论依据的不足,或者限于对其进行研究的人力物力的投入太少,现有技术无法在真正意义上实现电极力的精确控制。
技术问题
为了便于充分理解本发明的内容,首先需要了解焊接力和电极力的区别,以作为后续讨论的依据。此外,本发明还提出了“精确电极力预设定”和“精确电极力加压系统”两个概念,也一并予以前置介绍。
关于焊接力和电极力的区别:所谓焊接力,为带动焊接力传导构件和电极力传导构件实施焊接操作的作用力,电极力为带动电极力传导构件和电极实施焊接的作用力。相对而言,二者的区别在于焊接力的行程较电极力要长,焊接力的作用力较电极力要大。
精确电极力预设定:所谓电极力预设定是指为电极预设定电极力的大小,通过该预设定的电极力的相关结构导通电流实施点焊作业;而精确电极力预设定则是指为电极预设定量化的电极力的大小,并且确保实际输出的电极力与预设定的电极力在给定精度范围内保持一致,在该实际输出的电极力达到预设定量的瞬时导通电流实施点焊作业。需要注意,此处“精确”一词其意指在给定精度范围内保持一致,关于“给定精度范围”的定义也将在后续详述,因此,该术语的使用不应导致任何歧义。
精确电极力加压系统:所谓电极力加压系统是指在点焊设备实施焊接的焊接时段提供电极力的相关结构的总称。而精确电极力加压系统则是确保其所提供的电极力,基于精确电极力预设定,而能满足电阻焊显微焊接要求的相关结构的总称。
精确电极力加压系统要求的基本效果是:在整个焊接时段,实际输出的电极力都在所述给定精度范围内维持并保持相对恒定。本发明后续提出的精确电极力加压系统,包括焊接作用力传导装置、精确电极力预设定装置和焊接力掣断装置,精确电极力加压系统通过机电一体化的协同作用、相互制约,实现在整个焊接时段,实际输出的电极力都在给定精度范围内维持并保持相对恒定。
技术解决方案
故而,本发明的主要目的在于提供一种对实际输出的电极力进行精确控制的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机。
有益效果
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明提供的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,包括点焊机机头和点焊电源,其中:
所述的点焊机机头具有机头框架,该机头框架上装设有精确电极力加压系统,该精确电极力加压系统用于输出在给定精度范围内与预设定电极力保持一致的电极力;
所述的点焊机机头装设有焊头夹,该焊头夹由所述精确电极力加压系统所实际输出的电极力传动;
所述焊头夹通过输出电缆与所述的点焊电源电性连接。
具体的,所述的精确电极力加压系统包括安装在机头框架上的焊接作用力传导装置、精确电极力预设定装置和焊接力掣断装置;
所述焊接作用力传导装置将焊接动力通过其力矩传导,把焊接力转化为电极力并传导至焊头夹;
所述精确电极力预设定装置提供可进行预设定量化电极力的设置,在其检测到电极力达到预设定的量值时,驱动点焊电源提供焊接电流;
所述的焊接力掣断装置在电极力达到预设定的量值时,阻断焊接力的力矩传导。
具体的,所述的焊接作用力传导装置包括焊接力传导结构、电极力传导结构和焊接力缓冲结构;
所述焊接力传导结构包括焊接力导向轴和焊接力传导体;焊接力在焊接力导向轴的导引下通过焊接力传导体进行力矩传递;
所述电极力传导结构包括电极力导向轴和所述的焊头夹;电极力在电极力导向轴的导引下通过焊头夹装设在焊头夹上的焊头进行力矩传递;
所述焊接力缓冲结构用于为所述焊接力的传递过程提供缓冲作用;所述的焊接力缓冲结构包括至少一个作用于焊接力传导结构和电极力传导结构之间的压缩弹簧。
具体的,所述的精确电极力预设定装置包括电极力预设定结构和电极力电路;
所述的电极预设定结构采用追随结构或压力传感器结构,用于设置量化的电极力;
所述的电极力电路和电阻焊电源电性连接以便电极力电路控制焊接电流的通断。
具体的,所述的焊接力掣断装置包括电磁铁结构和电磁铁电路;
所述的电磁铁结构包括电磁铁和吸附铁块;所述的电磁铁和吸附铁块分别安装在机头的固定构件和活动构件上;所述活动构件上设有使所述活动构件得以复位的复位元件;
所述的电磁铁电路分别与所述的电磁铁和电极力电路电性连接。
较佳的,所述的机头框架为塑料机头框架。所述塑料机头框架的电极力导向轴与焊头夹之间的连接为金属与金属的直接连接。
进一步,所述的焊头夹包括相对于机头呈前后向相夹设安装的焊头夹活动部和焊头夹固定部,在所述的焊头夹活动部和焊头夹固定部前侧端设置有电极接口,平行电极焊头安装在所述的电极接口上。
较佳的,所述的焊头夹与机头滑轴的连接由各具圆弧凹口的焊头夹固定部和另一金属件于彼此侧边相向对接形成的连接口锁紧。
较佳的,所述的焊头夹为阶梯样焊头夹,在焊头夹块固定部和活动部的毗邻所述电极接口的顶端分别设置有阶梯样凸起部,所述点焊电源的二根输出电缆分别安装在所述的二个阶梯样凸起部上。
进一步,所述的机头框架顶端安装有悬臂横梁,显微光学装置的支架安装在所述的悬臂横梁上。
与现有技术相比较,本发明具体如下优点:
首先,可以通过精确电极力预设定装置中的电极力电路以量化的形式预设定所需的电极力,然后由焊接作用力传导装置将焊接力传导到电极以便最终产生电极力,在力矩传输的过程中,受精确电极力预设定装置中的电极力预设定结构的预先制约,且在达到预设定的量化值时,进一步受所述电极力电路的控制,驱动所述焊接力掣断装置的电磁铁与吸附磁铁产生掣动效果,从而阻止电极力的继续增大,如不考虑物理误差,则此时实际输出的电极力应与预设定的电极力精确一致,实现精确电极力加压系统要求的基本效果。
其次,本发明进一步改进机头框架为塑料材质,改进点焊电源线缆与焊头夹的安装结构,使得整个点焊机的整体性能得以更进一步的提高。
附图说明
图1是本发明电阻焊显微焊接点焊机的总体结构原理示意图。
图2是本发明电阻焊显微焊接点焊机机头部分的结构示意图。
图3是本发明电阻焊显微焊接点焊机的焊头夹的结构示意图,以上下并排的方式示出其侧视状态和俯视状态。
图4是本发明在机头框架安装的显微光学装置支架的结构示图,以左右并排的方式分别示出其主视和侧视状态。
本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明的实施方式
需要对本发明题目电阻焊显微焊接点焊机的“显微焊接点焊机”作说明,显微焊接点焊机是针对在直视的情况下无法进行焊接作业的微型工件,提出包括电极力精度±0.5 N、能量输出精度±1.0 J,需要在显微光学装置下进行焊接作业的显微焊接点焊机。限于篇幅,本发明重点介绍点焊机机头、焊头夹和显微光学装置。
下面结合附图1,简要说明本发明电阻焊显微焊接的点焊机的总体结构框图。
图1示出本发明点焊机的总体结构框架的同时,也示出了其结构原理,其中,大方框101表示机头框架、小方框102表示点焊机提供外部动力源的焊接动力(焊接力)、103为焊接力传导结构、104为焊接力缓冲结构、105为电极力传导结构、106为精确电极力预设定装置、107为焊接力掣断装置、108为组装在一起的焊头夹和电极、109为焊件、110为点焊电源。其中实线箭头表征作用力(矩)传导关系,虚线箭头表征电流或电讯号传导关系;单箭头为单向作用,双箭头为双向作用。因此可知,图1主要是以力的作用关系与电的作用关系两条主线对本发明的点焊机加以描述。
需要指出,焊接作用力传导装置包括图1中的焊接力传导结构103、焊接力缓冲结构104和电极力传导结构105.
需要指出,精确电极力加压系统除了包括图1中的由焊接力传导结构103、焊接力缓冲结构104和电极力传导结构105组成的焊接作用力传导装置,还包括精确电极力预设定装置106和焊接力掣断装置107,上述结构通过机电一体化的协同作用,相互制约,实现精确电极压力加压系统要求的基本效果。精确电极力加压系统装设在机头框架上。
需要指出,本发明除了图1所示精确电极力加压系统的发明内容之外,本发明还在后续对图1所揭示的机头框架101、焊头夹108 等作出改进说明。
下面首先介绍精确电极力加压系统的内容,如前所述,精确电极力加压系统包括焊接作用力传导装置、精确电极力预设定装置和焊接力掣断装置三部分,这三部分通过机电一体化的协同作用,相互制约,实现在整个焊接时段,实际输出的电极力都基于预设定的电极力,在给定精度范围内维持和保持相对恒定。对于“给定精度范围”中“精度范围”的理解,应理解为将实际输出的电极力与预设定的电极力相比较,其具有一个确定的误差范围,并且这个误差范围尽可能的小,该误差范围是已知的,也即“给定”的。而对于其中“给定”一词的理解,应理解为产品生产时即已经成形的,由物理结构固有的物理性能所限制的既有效果;或者,理解为在前述出厂的基础上,提供有调节机构,可由用户进行调节而进一步调整的效果。因此,所谓“给定精度范围”,在本发明的加压系统中,是明确无歧义的。
下面对图2中的焊接作用力传导装置和精确电极力预设定装置作介绍。
图2中,机头框架201后端固定在立柱202上,立柱的下段则固定安装在工作台上。在机头框架201上设有与所述立柱202大致平行的、竖立安装的小轴203、中轴204以及滑轴205;还有与所述立柱202大致垂直的、横置安装的中轴夹206和滑轴夹207。中轴夹206的一端与中轴204紧固连接,中轴夹206的另一端与套设在焊接动力传导拉杆(或拉索)222上的复位弹簧221相连接以接受外部的焊接动力,该复位弹簧221一端连接中轴夹206,另一端连接套在拉杆上的支撑件;滑轴夹207的一端与滑轴205紧固连接,滑轴205可受焊接力作用上下活动,中轴204上、下两段分别设有压缩弹簧208、209,滑轴夹207被中轴204贯穿设置,在滑轴夹207被中轴204贯穿的对应位置处,滑轴夹207的上下端面分别抵触或连接所述压缩弹簧208、209;小轴203贯穿中轴夹206和滑轴夹207设置以允许中轴夹206与滑轴夹207沿小轴203滑动;此外,小轴203也分为设有压缩弹簧210、211的上、下两段,滑轴夹207被小轴203贯穿的对应位置处,其上下端面分别抵触或连接所述压缩弹簧210、211;滑轴205的下端与焊头夹212固定连接,电极焊头安装在焊头夹212上,点焊电源213借助输出电缆214通过焊头夹212与电极焊接相连接,并机械连接在焊头夹212上。
如图2的结构所示,本发明的焊接力传导结构包括实现了既定安装结构的所述小轴203、中轴204、中轴夹206、滑轴夹207;本发明的电极力传导结构包括实现了既定安装结构的滑轴205和焊头夹212;本发明的焊接力缓冲结构则包括分别安装在中轴204和小轴203上的第一组压缩弹簧208、209和第二组压缩弹簧210、211。从各部件所实现的功能而论,所述小轴203、中轴204为焊接力的导向轴,中轴夹206和滑轴夹207为焊接力的传导体,小轴203、滑轴205是电极力的导向轴,焊头夹212为电极力的传导体。上述焊接力传导结构、电极力传导结构和焊接力缓冲结构三部分的构件及其有机构造,构成了本发明所述的焊接作用力传导装置。
有必要对焊接力缓冲结构进一步说明。从本实施例的结构可以知晓,焊接力缓冲结构的实质是指安装在焊接力传导结构和电极力传导结构之间的压缩弹簧,其作用包括把焊接力柔和地传递到电极力传导结构及当焊接力被掣断时,焊接力仍能在压缩弹簧的作用下随动维持,也就是说,通过在上述力矩传递路径中设置用于缓冲力矩传递的结构,使力的传递更为柔和,即构成本发明的焊接力缓冲结构。所以,基于本实施相同的原理,本领域技术人员应当知晓,焊接力缓冲结构的具体实现方式可以有多种多样,例如可以改进本实施例,使焊接力缓冲结构只保留其中一组弹簧组合,或者,在焊接力传导结构与电极力传导结构之间只设置一根压缩弹簧(如小轴203上部中轴夹206与中部滑轴夹207之间设置压缩弹簧,省略其它三个压缩弹簧),如此种种,均属于本发明提出的焊接力缓冲结构,落入本发明的保护范畴。
在图2的结构中,压缩弹簧208、209当其内置于中轴时,能起到如前所述的缓冲作用,可以视为焊接力缓冲结构的一部分,但是,从另一个功能视角来观察,则其进一步起到了电极力预设定过程所需的追随结构的作用。具体而言,在中轴204内上下两段安装有压缩弹簧208、209进一步形成了本发明的电极力预设定结构215,配合该电极力预设定结构215,本发明在机头框架201的前端安装有电极力电路216,该电极力预设定结构和电极力电路构成了本发明的精确电极力预设定装置。在电极力预设定结构中,上下两段压缩弹簧208、209在出厂时,其弹性系数既定,其回释力对外力的反作用也是既定的,充分利用这一特性便有利于确定前述的“给定精度范围”,当然,如要在使用过程中修改该给定精度范围,可以通过在中轴204任意一端设置调节螺钉以修改压缩弹簧的伸展状态来实现。
如前所述,精确电极力预设定装置包括电极力预设定结构和电极力电路,电极力预设定结构除了采用如图2所示的追随结构实现之外,还可以采用压力传感器结构实现,电极力电路则与点焊电源电性连接。
需要加以说明的是,所述的压缩弹簧208、209在上述实施例中起到非常巧妙的作用,其既可起到焊接力缓冲结构的作用,还起到电极力预设定结构的作用。并且依据前述关于焊接力缓冲结构和电极力预设定结构所揭示的多种变化实例来分析,压缩弹簧208、209对该两个结构而言均非必须的实现方式,可在某些实施例中被替代,然而,采用压缩弹簧208、209则可同时实现该两个结构,明显是更优的方案。本领域技术人员对此应有明确的认知。
下面再结合图2介绍本发明焊接力掣断装置的结构。
焊接力掣断装置包括电磁铁结构和用于驱动电磁铁结构工作的电磁铁电路,电磁铁结构包括电磁铁和吸附铁块,电磁铁和吸附铁块分别安装在点焊机机头的固定构件和活动构件上,电磁铁电路与精确电极力预设定装置的电极力电路电性连接。
电磁铁电路导通时,驱动电磁铁结构中的电磁铁对所述吸附铁块进行吸附。需要说明的是,为了实现工作循环,电磁铁结构必须具有复位构件,复位构件是指当电磁铁电路断开时,被电磁铁吸附的吸附铁块回复到原来位置的构件。有关复位构件可以多种,采用诸如拉伸弹簧、极性与电磁铁相反的永磁铁等可以协助被吸附的活动构件复位的公知构造即可,因为本领域技术人员所应知晓,恕不赘述。
附图2是电磁铁、吸附铁块分别安装在点焊机机头的固定构件和活动构件上的结构示意图。如图2中所示,在机头框架201的上边框安装有电磁铁217,邻近电磁铁的吸附面上安装有吸附铁块218,在中轴204和滑轴205的上端安装有复位构件219,吸附铁块218与复位构件219借助轴销220进行连接。
由于中轴204属于活动构件,中轴204在运动过程中,一旦其上的吸附铁块被电磁铁所吸附,中轴204便在焊接力传递过程中发挥阻碍作用,从而起到掣断效果。而一旦电磁铁电路断开,使电磁铁失磁,则中轴204上的复位构件219便复位而迫使中轴204所受外力撤除而复位,恢复中轴204的正常受力环境。
如前所述,本发明把点焊机机头的结构划分为活动构件和固定构件,并不局限于如前对机头框架的上边框和对中轴204这两个部件的理解,实际上,本领域技术人员可以由本发明的描述知晓,本发明所称的活动构件包括中轴夹、中轴、小轴、滑轴夹、滑轴等活动件;固定构件包括机头框架等相对与上述活动构件固定不动的构件。任何固定构件或活动构件,均可由本领域技术人员依据常规设计原理被设计成与所述的电磁铁和吸附磁铁以及复位元件相配合,而不受现有结构的限制。
有必要对本发明的精确电极力加压系统下述三点结构特征进行总结:
(1)机电一体化的结构特点:
根据精确电极力加压系统的总体设计,本发明所述的精确电极力加压系统包括了焊接力传导结构、焊接力缓冲结构、电极力传导结构、电磁铁结构、电磁铁电路,精确电极力预设定结构和电极力电路组成的机电一体化的加压系统,在整个精确电极力加压系统中,电极预设定结构通过其弹簧结构起到预先限定电极力的控制效果的作用,参与设定量化的电极力,电极力电路则起到很重要的控制作用。当要对工件进行焊接时,首先在精确电极力预设定装置上,通过电极力电路提供的输入接口,以量化的方式输入欲预设定的所需的电极力,然后,作业时,焊接动力源向焊接力传导体提供焊接力,当电极力电路通过自身的检测电路检测到焊接力达到预设定值时,电极力电路一方面向焊接电源发出指令,导通点焊电源,以便进一步导通电极提供焊接电流进行点焊,另一方面还向电磁铁电路发出指令使电磁铁导通以吸附所述吸附铁块,电磁铁结构即对焊接力传导结构进行掣动,阻止力矩传导以阻止过大的焊接力作用于电极。由此可见,通过精确电极力预设定装置中的电极力电路以量化的形式预设定所需的电极力,然后由焊接作用力传导装置将焊接力转化为电极力并传导到电极以便最终产生实际输出的电极力,在力矩传输的过程中,受精确电极力预设定装置中的电极力预设定结构的预先制约,且在达到预设定电极力时,进一步受精确电极力预设定装置的电极力电路的控制,驱动所述焊接力掣断装置的电磁铁与吸附磁铁产生掣动效果,从而阻止电极力的继续增大,如不考虑物理误差,则此时实际输出的电极力应与预设定的电极力精确一致,达到精确电极力预设定并生效的效果。因考虑物理误差,则可在出厂时依照给定精度范围设计产品,使用时,上述过程中,最终实际输出的电极力与预设定的电极力两者之间在大小上始终保持在给定精度范围内,自然也可视为实现了精确的电极力控制效果。
(2)焊接力掣断装置的结构特征:
电阻焊显微焊接的焊件一般小于0.10mm,一方面本发明采用不受焊件高度差影响的焊接力掣动装置,现有技术的掣动都是采用行程限位的结构,比如现有技术掣动精度最好的侍服电机,其对行程限位精度小于0.01mm,但往往也不能满足电阻焊显微焊接的要求,原因在于被焊工件的高度差达0.03mm的情况十分普遍,侍服电机以行程限位对工件的误差毫无办法,本发明以点焊电源的触发信号同时触发电磁铁的工作讯号,因此本发明的掣动就完全不受焊件高度差的影响。当点焊操作完成之后,电极力电路断开点焊电源所提供的点焊电流,同时指令焊接力掣断装置恢复原状,即完成一次点焊过程。
(3)电极力缓冲结构的结构特征:
有关焊接力缓冲结构的作用原理看似简单,但也是精确电极力加压系统的重要构成。电阻焊显微焊接的整个点焊时段,都须要依靠精确数值的电极力的维持并且该电极力的大小和作用时间的相对恒定,由于电阻焊点焊过程处于完全封闭无法观测状态,点焊过程包括了电、热、力、多变量的耦合作用,这些耦合作用又是高度非线性,焊件处于先受热膨胀后又被软化压扁的极短的形核过程,可以设想,如果没有焊接力缓冲结构的随动维持,就会出现当焊件膨胀时电极力随之增加,当焊件被压扁时电极力随之减少,当焊接力被掣动时电极力随之消失。本发明机电一体化的精确电极力加压系统正是通过精确电极力预设定装置结合焊接力掣动装置和焊接力缓冲结构的协同作用、相互制约,实现在整个点焊时段,电极力都在预设定范围(给定精度范围)维持和相对恒定,较好地解决了电阻焊显微焊接的技术难题。
图2还示出了本发明点焊机的机头框架,本发明中对机头框架亦做出改进,提出了塑料机头框架的结构。下面对塑料机头框架的发明内容进行介绍。
现有技术的机头框架都是采用金属机头框架,为了保证点焊的精确,电阻焊点焊对焊头的垂直度和径向摆动都有严格的要求,否则焊接时就很容易出现焊接失稳或焊件滑移,这方面对本发明来说难度更大,原因在于,一是本发明往往用于点焊如漆包线等线材、圆柱形的线材更容易滑移,二是本发明主要采用平行间隙的单面焊,二个电极都安装在同一焊头夹上,由于焊头夹和滑轴都是由金属制造,所以焊头夹与机头框架的滑轴之间须加绝缘材料间隔才能连接,这样就很容易影响焊头的垂直度,特别是如果用户自行调节,对焊头的垂直度更是无法控制,如何保证焊头的垂直度和减少径向摆动是进一步提高焊接质量的重要技术内容。
本发明中,摆脱惯性思维,以塑料制造机头框架,取代原先金属机头框架。由于塑料机头框架以模具生产,大大提高了加工精度,不但可以减少滑轴的径向摆动,更重要的是,采用塑料机头框架,滑轴与焊头夹的连接就可以以金属与金属进行直接连接,而不需要绝缘材料间隔,这对提高和保证焊头夹的垂直度具有十分重要的实际意义。
需要指出,本发明提出滑轴与焊头夹为金属间的直接连接,包括焊接连接,或铆接连接,或紧配合连接,或螺丝连接。
本发明还涉及焊头夹的发明内容,焊头夹优选本发明所定义的横夹设焊头夹,本发明并提出了阶梯样焊头夹的结构。本发明的横夹设焊头夹大致呈块状,其相对于操作员呈横置的方式安装于机头滑轴上。下面结合图3对焊头夹的结构进行介绍。
电阻焊点焊必须保证加压消压迅速灵活。当完成一次焊接后,机头的复位弹簧等结构有助于消压,使焊接行程回复原位,以便进入下一次焊接操作。要保证点焊机进行这种往返的点焊操作加压消压迅速灵活,除了点焊机机头的结构外,对于在焊头夹上的输出电缆是否影响加压消压也至关重要。由于电阻焊显微焊接采用低电压大电流的方式,输出电缆都比较粗大,一般都在φ10mm以上,但为了便于操作,焊头夹又要求十分小巧,焊头夹前端的宽度只有约30mm左右。另外为了保证输出能量的精确,还需要在靠近二个电极的焊头夹上安装二根反馈线采集反馈信号,要在一个不大的焊头夹上安装二根粗大的输出电缆和安装二根反馈线,采用专利(ZL01114831.4)的点电焊焊头夹,不能满足对点焊加压消压迅速灵活的要求,特别是在焊接小线径工件时,往往会因电极力的不稳定而影响焊接质量,传统技术同样也没有满意的技术方案或结构。
精确电极力加压系统只能保证在当次焊接时电极力保持恒定。在实际应用时,还要满足在连续焊接时,每一次焊接的电极力也要保持不变。这样就有必要进一步审视安装在焊头夹上的二根输出电缆,如果安装在焊头夹上的输出电缆影响电极力的加压消压,也不利于提供精确的电极力,现有技术的焊头夹对此没有进行考虑。
传统的焊头夹通常包括一个固定部和一个活动部,两部分平时可开合安装,由固定部与机头的滑轴相锁紧实现与机头的固定连接,平时夹持平行电极焊头,在需要更换、安装平行电极焊头时,将固定部与活动部相分离。这种焊头夹的固定部和活动部是分居机头的左、右相夹设成形的,也即分居于操作员的左、右两侧相夹设形成。以机头面向并连至操作员正面的连线为纵向,即面对操作员,与操作员前方的机头前、后两侧形成的方向(靠近操作员的一侧为前向,远离操作员的一侧为后向);以操作员双眼的连线为横向,即机头(操作员)左、右两侧连线形成的方向。传统的焊头夹的固定部与活动部所形成的夹缝便是平行于该纵向而垂直于该横向的,因而,传统的这种焊头夹被定义为纵夹式焊头夹,不同于本发明中使固定部与活动部形成的夹缝平行于该横向的横夹式焊头夹。
本发明提出的横夹式焊头夹的结构,把电极接口设置在焊头夹面向操作者的前向侧端,这样有利于暴露焊件和进行焊接作业;本发明还对横夹式焊头夹与机头滑轴的连接采用了各具圆弧凹口的二个金属件锁紧形成安装孔位的结构;本发明还提出阶梯样焊头夹的结构,通过在焊头夹活动部和焊头夹固定部的毗邻电极接口的顶端分别设置有阶梯样凸起,把二根粗大的输出电缆越过滑轴两侧骑跨在焊头夹上方安装,实现点焊加压消压迅速灵活,为每一次焊接电极力都能保持不变提供了保证;另外,本发明还进一步把二条反馈线套在输出电缆的绝缘外套内,其引出端与输出电缆引出端连接并共用同一端头,不但在外观上减少了二根反馈线,在焊头夹上又减少了二个接线端头及接线螺丝,该结构也有助于加压消压的迅速灵活。
下面结合附图3作进一步说明。
如图3所示,本发明一种横夹式焊头夹300由二块导电性能良好的铜金属材料分别加工成焊头夹固定部301和焊头夹活动部302,在焊头夹固定部的后向一角部位置处设有与机头滑轴303相连接的连接口304,焊头夹通过该连接口304紧固在机头滑轴303上;焊头夹活动部302于面向操作者的横向前端位置处,通过可调螺杆305和塑料活动定位梢306与焊头夹固定部301相夹设组装,使焊头夹活动部302相对于焊头夹固定部301可作前后向的开合运动,平时将该活动部302与固定部301相锁紧,需要更换或安装平行电极焊头时则通过调节可调螺杆305进行操作。由于呈立方体的机头大致呈扁平盒体状,其扁平的厚度延伸方向与操作员视线的横向相平行设置,其竖直的纵长延伸方向与操作员的视线的横向呈相平行而正交设置,而其水平的纵长延伸方向与操作员的视线的横向呈相垂直设置,在该水平的纵长延伸方向上,靠近操作员的一侧为其前向,远离操作员的一侧为其后向,而滑轴303相对置于热压机头的前向部分,横夹式焊头夹300安装在滑轴303上之后,相对于焊头夹303自身而言,所述的焊头夹固定部301相对置于后部,即相对靠近热压机头的后向,相对远离操作者;而所述焊头夹活动部302相对置于前端,即相对靠近热压机头的前向,更接近操作者。由此,由活动部302和固定部301所构成的夹缝也就横置于热压机头的前向,大致平行于操作员的双眼连线。所述的电极接口,也采用与前述连接口类似的方式,在活动部302与固定部301的相应位置各设凹口进行对接形成,因此,当电极接口夹设平行电极焊头时,活动部302与固定部301各连接平行电极焊头的一个电极,而平行电极焊头的两个电极之间形成的隔缝,也同理横置于热压机头的前向。由此,将本发明焊头夹定义为横夹式焊头夹,其区别于传统焊头夹之处,在效果上主要体现在平行电极焊头被活动部和固定部分别相对于热压机头呈前后向相向夹设。
为了使焊头夹与机头滑轴的固定更可靠和保证其垂直程度,如前所述,连接口304采用了各具圆弧凹口的二个金属件锁紧结构307实现,具体即以该固定部为一金属件,另外配置一金属件,两个金属件在侧边相对接,彼此的相向侧边均设有所述圆弧凹口,且两个金属件可通过螺钉相锁紧,从而形成连接口304并由该连接口304锁紧滑轴。为了便于暴露焊件和进行焊接作业,在焊头夹的前侧端设置了电极接口308,该前侧端与所述滑轴与焊头夹的连接位置相对远离。电极接口308的形成,由焊头夹固定部301和焊头夹活动部302共同配合实现,具体是在彼此相向安装的侧边上各设置一相向凹口,通过两个凹口的共同配合构成一通孔,由此形成电极接口。
为了保证每一次焊接作业电极力都均匀一致,本发明的对焊头夹采用阶梯样设计,其结构为在毗邻电极接口308的焊头固定部301和焊头夹活动部302的顶端分别设置有阶梯样凸起部309、310,二根输出电缆311、312通过电缆端头安装在上述的阶梯样凸起部上,实现电阻焊电源与阶梯样焊头夹的电性连接,反馈线313、314一并套在输出电缆的绝缘套管内,并焊接在电缆端头上,平行电极焊头315安装在电极接口308上,这样二根输出电缆和反馈线就越过滑轴两则以骑跨方式在阶梯样焊头夹顶端安装。
需要说明,显微焊接对焊头夹安装的垂直度和可靠性要求很高,现有的焊头夹与机
头滑轴的连接都是采用以1-3个锁定螺丝连接固定,这种连接只是通过以“点”固定,很难保证连接后焊头夹的垂直度,本发明提出的焊头夹固定部与机头滑轴的连接为采用各具圆弧凹口的二个金属件借用螺钉进行锁紧的结构,形成“面”的“立体”的连接,因而对连接后焊头夹的垂直度和可靠性有大大改善的作用。这里需要说明,所述各具圆弧凹口包括二个圆弧凹口或一个小圆弧和一个大圆弧的接口,所述的连接口可以设置在焊头夹固定部的左、右侧边的任意一边上,也可以设置在焊头夹固定部的后侧边上,也即固定部相对置于热压机头的前向,而活动部相对置于热压机头的后向,注意保持如前所述的横向夹设安装即可,这些与本发明所公开的技术手段类似的结构均属于本权利要求的等同结构,落入本发明的保护范畴。
需要说明,尽管本发明提出了横夹式设置的焊头夹,但是,作为相替换的技术手段,传统的纵向式设置的焊头夹在本发明中的使用,也应视为落入本发明权利要求提出的保护范围。
下面分析本发明与专利号(ZL011148314)的点焊机焊头夹的不同结构,在进行点焊时输出电缆对电极力的影响。
以专利(ZL011148314)的方式把输出电缆安装在焊头夹的两侧,输出电缆与焊头夹的连接分别会出现向下偏移、向上偏移或没有偏移的三种情况。由于输出电缆弯曲时肯定会有一个的弹力,如果输出电缆与焊头夹的连接向下偏移,就会影响点焊的加压;而输出电缆的连接向上偏移,就会影响其消压。即使是输出电缆的安装没有偏移,由于输出电缆置于滑轴的后面,粗大的输出电缆的自重使后段电缆出现弯曲和对焊头产生牵拉,进而影响加压消压和影响电极力的精确。
本发明的焊头夹是把输出电缆越过滑轴两侧在焊头夹上方安装,不但保证了输出电缆连接在焊头夹的位置是没有偏移的大致水平位置(相对于电阻焊电源的引线高度而言),减少了电缆弯曲变形的弹力对电极力的影响,而且,滑轴为焊接作用力传导结构的主轴,输出电缆越过滑轴的两侧安装在焊头夹的上方,还可保证该段电缆与焊头夹彼此保持在同一水平走向,大大减少电缆弯曲所产生牵拉力。在进行焊接操作时,滑轴带动在水平方向的电缆与焊头夹一起做很短行程的往返运动,输出电缆对电极力的影响只剩下电缆的自重,电缆的自重和焊头夹的自重一样,都可以被机头的复位弹簧所克服,因而对电极力产生的影响很小。
需要指出的是,图中的阶梯样焊头夹只是实施输出电缆越过滑轴两侧骑跨在焊头夹上方安装的结构之一。具电缆接口的阶梯凸起部既可以与焊头夹块为不分离的同一块金属整体加工而成,阶梯凸起部也可以与焊头夹夹块为二块分离的金属块,另外加工二个小金属块衬垫在电缆端头的下方,再以紧固螺丝把输出电缆连接在焊头夹的前上方,这些结构属于阶梯样焊头夹的等同结构,属于把输出电缆越过滑轴两侧骑跨在焊头夹上方安装的等同结构。
本发明还提出了在机头框架顶端安装悬臂横梁,在悬臂横梁上安装显微光学装置支架的结构,下面结合图4对显微光学装置安装在机头框架顶端悬臂横梁的结构进行介绍。
本发明的“电阻焊显微焊接点焊机”,配置有显微光学装置。显微光学装置包括光学镜头和支架二部分,显微焊接作业要求支架能够对光学镜头提供其在对焦时前后方向、左右方向和角度的调节,提供其在焦距的粗调和微调的距离调节,所以传统的显微光学装置的支架都是以独立结构安装在点焊机机头旁边,显微光学装置的支架包括立柱、十字孔架、横柱、带角度和焦距微调的框架等部分,立柱安装在工作台上,十字孔架连接立柱和横柱,带角度和焦距微调的框架与横柱连接,通过十字孔架能实现对光学镜头对前后方向、左右方向的调节及对焦距的粗调,但由于支架安装在点焊机机头左侧旁,支架的立柱必然妨碍焊接作业,无奈之下,本申请人曾在“一种长悬臂的精密焊机”专利号CN200410027184.7上提出把带角度和焦距微调的框架安装在机头框架顶端的结构,但由于没有了立柱和十字孔架,没有了光学镜头对前后方向左右方向的对焦和焦距的粗调,往往满足不了显微焊接作业的要求。本发明提出在机头框架顶端安装悬臂横梁、把显微光学装置的支架安装在悬臂横梁上,同时解决了立柱妨碍焊接作业和显微光学装置对前后方向、左右方向的调节及对焦距的粗调的技术难题。
请参见附图4,在机头框架401的顶端的合适位置安装有悬臂横梁402,悬臂横梁左外侧有立柱连接孔,显微光学装置支架的立柱403通过立柱连接孔安装在悬臂横梁402的左外侧,立柱403和横柱404分别安装在十字孔架405上,带角度和焦距微调的框架406与横柱404连接,光学镜头407安装在带角度和焦距微调的框架406上。
有必要说明本实施例所述的光学镜头部分可以是体视显微镜,也可以是单筒显微镜加CCD系统或其它光学显微放大的镜头。
操作时,由于立柱可通过立柱连接孔在悬臂横梁上进行高度的调节,实现光学镜头对焦距粗调的需要;由于横柱可在十字孔架上进行调节,实现光学镜头对前后方向调节的需要;由于立柱可以在立柱连接孔上转动,实现光学镜头对左右方向调节的需要,本发明在机头框架顶端安装悬臂横梁,显微光学装置的支架安装在悬臂横梁上的结构,使传统的显微光学装置独立的支架和点焊机机头成为了一体化的结构,解决了立柱妨碍焊接作业的技术难题。
综上所述,本发明使点焊机实现了对电极力的输出进行精确控制的效果,且为现有点焊机做出整机改进,使点焊机的技术应用可以满足电阻焊显微焊接的基本要求。
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  1. 一种电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,包括点焊机机头和点焊电源,其特征在于: 所述的点焊机机头具有机头框架,该机头框架上装设有精确电极力加压系统,该精确电极力加压系统用于输出在给定精度范围内与预设定电极力保持一致的电极力; 所述的点焊机机头装设有焊头夹,该焊头夹由所述精确电极力加压系统所实际输出的电极力传动; 所述焊头夹通过输出电缆与所述的点焊电源电性连接。
  2. 据权利要求1所述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于: 所述的精确电极力加压系统包括安装在机头框架上的焊接作用力传导装置、精确电极力预设定装置和焊接力掣断装置;
    所述焊接作用力传导装置将焊接动力通过其力矩传导,把焊接力转化为电极力并传导至焊头夹; 所述精确电极力预设定装置提供可进行预设定量化电极力的设置,在其检测到电极力达到预设定的量值时,驱动点焊电源提供焊接电流; 所述的焊接力掣断装置在电极力达到预设定的量值时,阻断焊接力的力矩传导。
  3. 据权利要求2所述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于, 所述的焊接作用力传导装置包括焊接力传导结构、电极力传导结构和焊接力缓冲结构; 所述焊接力传导结构包括焊接力导向轴和焊接力传导体;焊接力在焊接力导向轴的导引下通过焊接力传导体进行力矩传递; 所述电极力传导结构包括电极力导向轴和所述的焊头夹;电极力在电极力导向轴的导引下通过焊头夹装设在焊头夹上的焊头进行力矩传递; 所述焊接力缓冲结构用于为所述焊接力的传递过程提供缓冲作用;所述的焊接力缓冲结构包括至少一个作用于焊接力传导结构和电极力传导结构之间的压缩弹簧。
  4. 据权利要求2所述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于: 所述的精确电极力预设定装置包括电极力预设定结构和电极力电路; 所述的电极预设定结构采用追随结构或压力传感器结构,用于设置量化的电极力; 所述的电极力电路和电阻焊电源电性连接以便电极力电路控制焊接电流的通断。
  5. 据权利要求2所述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于: 所述的焊接力掣断装置包括电磁铁结构和电磁铁电路; 所述的电磁铁结构包括电磁铁和吸附铁块;所述的电磁铁和吸附铁块分别安装在机头的固定构件和活动构件上;所述活动构件上设有使所述活动构件得以复位的复位元件; 所述的电磁铁电路分别与所述的电磁铁和电极力电路电性连接。
  6. 据权利要求3所述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于: 所述的机头框架为塑料机头框架。
  7. 据权利要求6所述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于: 所述塑料机头框架的电极力导向轴与焊头夹之间的连接为金属与金属的直接连接。
  8. 据权利要求1所述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于, 所述的焊头夹包括相对于机头呈前后向相夹设安装的焊头夹活动部和焊头夹固定部,在所述的焊头夹活动部和焊头夹固定部前侧端设置有电极接口,平行电极焊头安装在所述的电极接口上。
  9. 据权利要求8所述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于, 所述的焊头夹与机头滑轴的连接由各具圆弧凹口的焊头夹固定部和另一金属件于彼此侧边相向对接形成的连接口锁紧。
  10. 据权利要求1、 8或9述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于: 所述的焊头夹为阶梯样焊头夹,在焊头夹块固定部和活动部的毗邻所述电极接口的顶端分别设置有阶梯样凸起部,所述点焊电源的二根输出电缆分别安装在所述的二个阶梯样凸起部上。
  11. 据权利要求1所述的电阻焊显微焊接点焊机,其特征在于, 所述的机头框架顶端安装有悬臂横梁,显微光学装置的支架安装在所述的悬臂横梁上。
PCT/CN2013/090936 2013-12-03 2013-12-30 电阻焊显微焊接点焊机 WO2015081594A1 (zh)

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