WO2016176865A1 - 对焊机及其夹具装置 - Google Patents

对焊机及其夹具装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016176865A1
WO2016176865A1 PCT/CN2015/078501 CN2015078501W WO2016176865A1 WO 2016176865 A1 WO2016176865 A1 WO 2016176865A1 CN 2015078501 W CN2015078501 W CN 2015078501W WO 2016176865 A1 WO2016176865 A1 WO 2016176865A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chuck
rotating body
mount
positioning pin
workpiece
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/078501
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓军
Original Assignee
苏州安嘉自动化设备有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 苏州安嘉自动化设备有限公司 filed Critical 苏州安嘉自动化设备有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2015/078501 priority Critical patent/WO2016176865A1/zh
Publication of WO2016176865A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016176865A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K3/00—Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods
    • B23K3/08—Auxiliary devices therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a welding fixture, in particular to a butt welding machine and a fixture device thereof.
  • the butt welding machine realizes the docking and welding of two workpieces. Docking and welding taps and spring steel bars is one application.
  • Standard parts manufacturers need to use high-precision taps in the process of manufacturing nuts.
  • the taps need to be welded to a 90-degree bent spring steel bar of the same diameter to realize automatic batch tapping and docking coaxial
  • the degree requirement is less than or equal to 0.1 mm.
  • the position of the butt joint is heated by an oxyacetylene flame, and after reaching a certain temperature, the copper wire is connected.
  • the disadvantages of this connection are as follows: first, the fixture is simple, the coaxiality cannot be guaranteed; second, the welding quality of the artificial flame brazing is unstable, and skilled workers are required; and third, the heat affected zone of the flame is large, which reduces the service life of the tap.
  • the welding electrode After initial positioning by the resistance butt welding machine, the welding electrode is repaired by welding or directly clamped by a simple clamp and then welded with an electric welding rod.
  • the disadvantage of this type of coupling is also that the coaxiality cannot be guaranteed.
  • the tap When the welding wire is broken during the welding process, the tap is not broken at the butt joint, but the tap end near the interface is broken, and the fracture is broken. Irregular, can not be re-attached, and when the tap life is reached, when it needs to be separated from the spring steel, a part of the spring steel needs to be cut off, so that the spring steel also needs to be replaced frequently.
  • the butt welder is the object of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a butt welder and its clamp apparatus to solve at least one of the above mentioned problems.
  • the invention provides a clamp device for a butt welder, which is arranged on a butt welder machine for welding a first workpiece and a second workpiece to a reception, the clamp device comprising a first chuck mount and a first chuck a second chuck mount, a second chuck, a first biasing device, a second biasing device, and a chuck opening and closing mechanism.
  • the first chuck mounting seat is slidably supported on the butt welding machine table, and the first chuck is mounted on the first chuck mounting seat for clamping the to-be-welded a first workpiece
  • the second chuck mount is slidably supported on the butt welder table, and the second chuck is mounted on the second chuck mount for holding the wait a second workpiece that is welded
  • the movable jaw of the second chuck is opposite the movable jaw of the first chuck
  • the first biasing device elastically presses the first chuck mount to
  • the first chuck mount applies a bias toward the second chuck mount
  • the second biasing means resiliently biases the second chuck mount to apply the second chuck mount Facing a bias of the first chuck mount
  • the chuck opening mechanism is coupled to the first chuck mount and the second chuck mount, configured to drive the first chuck mount
  • the seat and the second chuck mount move between an open position and a mated position.
  • the first and second chucks are three-jaw self-centering chucks.
  • the clamp device includes a pair of parallel guides fixed to the butt welder table, the first chuck mount and the second chuck mount and the pair of parallel guides Slidingly connected.
  • the chuck opening and closing mechanism includes a rotating body rotatably coupled to the butt welder table, and the rotating body is rotatable between an open limit position and a pair of extreme positions.
  • the rotating body is coupled to the first chuck mount and the second chuck mount such that when the rotating body rotates between the open limit position and the docking limit position, the rotating body drives The first chuck mount and the second chuck mount move in a direction toward or away from each other.
  • the chuck opening and closing mechanism includes an operating handle fixed to the rotating body to move the rotating body.
  • the rotating body is fixed with a first positioning pin and a second positioning pin, and the first positioning pin and the second positioning pin rotate in a radial direction of the rotating body with respect to the rotating body.
  • the first positioning pin corresponds to the first chuck for positioning an end surface of the first workpiece in the first chuck
  • the second positioning pin corresponds to the second chuck And an end surface of the second workpiece in the second chuck, wherein the first positioning pin and the second positioning pin are located on the first chuck and when the rotating body is in the open limit position On the central axis of the second chuck.
  • first positioning pin and the second positioning pin are perpendicular to the rotating body.
  • the rotating body is located between the first chuck mount and the second chuck mount.
  • the present invention also provides a butt welder including a machine table, a clamp device disposed on the machine table, and a welder device for receiving the first workpiece and the second workpiece welded by the machine.
  • the welding machine is configured to weld the first workpiece and the second workpiece that are already in a docked state
  • the clamp device comprises a first chuck device, a second chuck device, at least one biasing device and a chuck opening Organization. among them,
  • first chuck device and a second chuck device for respectively clamping the first workpiece and the second workpiece, the first chuck device and the second chuck device having a coaxial central axis and Where the axes move relative to each other in a direction close to each other or away from each other;
  • At least one biasing device coupled between the machine and a corresponding one of the chuck devices to apply a bias to the corresponding chuck device toward the other chuck device;
  • a chuck opening and closing mechanism including a rotating body rotatably coupled to the machine, the rotating body being coupled to at least one of the first chucking device and the second chucking device,
  • the rotating body is rotatable between an open limit position and a pair of extreme positions for driving the first chuck device and the second chuck device for the relative movement, the open limit position corresponding to the first chuck The maximum distance of the device and the second chuck device on its central axis, the docking limit position corresponding to a minimum distance of the first chuck device and the second chuck device on its central axis.
  • the rotating body is fixed with a first positioning pin and a second positioning pin, and the first positioning pin and the second positioning pin rotate in a radial direction of the rotating body with respect to the rotating body.
  • the first positioning pin is for positioning an end surface of the first workpiece in the first chuck device
  • the second positioning pin is for positioning an end surface of the second workpiece in the second chuck
  • the first positioning pin and the second positioning pin are located on a central axis of the first chuck device and the second chuck device when the rotating body is in the open limit position.
  • the three-jaw chuck of the welder clamp portion provided by the invention can effectively ensure the coaxiality of the welded parts, high-frequency induction brazing
  • the process can guarantee a stable welding effect, and since the heat affected zone of the welding is small and concentrated, the welding has almost no influence on the base metal (floss and spring steel), and the strength and melting point of the brazing filler metal added by welding are both Lower than the base metal, therefore, even in the process of use, the tap and the spring steel will only be disconnected from the original joint surface, and the repeated welding will not be affected at all; when the tap life is reached, the tap is required to be separated. It can be easily disconnected from the original joint surface by reheating on the fixture, without affecting the re-welding of the spring steel.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a welding machine equipped with a tap and a spring steel.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a solder on a tap.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view showing the welding state of the welder.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a tap and spring steel.
  • the butt welder includes a machine table 2, a clamp device disposed on the machine table 2, and a welder, wherein the clamp device is used to weld the first workpiece 6 and the second workpiece 8 that are welded to the reception.
  • the machine is used to weld the first workpiece 6 and the second workpiece 8 that are already in the docked state.
  • the welder can use a suitable type of welding machine, such as a high frequency induction welder.
  • the first workpiece 6 is exemplified by a tap
  • the second workpiece 8 is exemplified by a spring steel.
  • the clamp device includes a first chuck device 19, a second chuck device 23, at least one biasing device, and a chuck opening and closing mechanism 9.
  • the first chuck device 19 and the second chuck device 23 are respectively used for holding the tap 6 and the spring steel 8, the first chuck device 19 and the second chuck device 23 having a coaxial central axis and along the central axis thereof Move relative to each other in a direction close to each other or away from each other.
  • the first chuck device 19 includes a first chuck mount 18 slidably supported on the butt welder table 2 and is fixedly mounted on the first chuck mount 18 for holding the solder to be soldered.
  • the second chuck device 23 includes a second chuck mount 22 slidably supported on the butt welder table 2 and fixedly mounted on the second chuck mount 22 for The second chuck 24 of the spring steel 8 to be welded is held.
  • both the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 24 are implemented as a three-jaw self-centering chuck, and the movable jaws of the second chuck 24 are facing the first chuck 20 Active jaws.
  • the clamp device also includes a pair of parallel guides 34 secured to the butt welder table 2, the first chuck mount 18 and the second chuck mount 22 being slidably coupled to the pair of parallel guides 34. Therefore, the first chuck device 19 and the second chuck mounting device 23 relatively move on the guide bar.
  • At least one biasing device is coupled between the machine table 2 and a corresponding one of the chuck devices to apply a bias to the corresponding chuck device toward the other chuck device.
  • the biasing device includes a first biasing device 26 and a second biasing device 28.
  • the first biasing device 26 elastically presses the first chuck mount 18 to apply a bias toward the second chuck mount 22 to the first chuck mount 18;
  • the second biasing device 28 elastically resists The two chuck mounts 22 bias the second chuck mount 22 toward the first chuck mount 18.
  • both the first biasing means 26 and the second biasing means 28 employ a compression spring. It should be understood that the present invention does not limit the first biasing means 26 and the second biasing means 28 as compression springs, but may be embodied as other resilient means.
  • the chuck opening and closing mechanism 9 includes a rotating body 11 rotatably coupled to the machine table 2, and the rotating body 11 is coupled to at least one of the first chucking device and the second chucking device.
  • the chuck opening and closing mechanism 9 is coupled to the first chuck mount 18 and the second chuck mount 22 and is configured to drive the first chuck mount 18 and the second chuck
  • the mount 22 moves between an open limit position and a one-ply extreme position.
  • the rotor 11 is rotatable between the open limit position and the docking limit position to drive the first chuck device 19 and the second chuck device 23 for the relative movement described above.
  • the opening limit position corresponds to the maximum distance of the first chuck device 19 and the second chuck device 23 on the central axis thereof
  • the docking limit position corresponds to the minimum of the first chuck device 19 and the second chuck device 23 on the central axis thereof. distance.
  • the rotor 11 is disk-shaped, and when the rotor 11 is rotated between the open limit position and the docking limit position, the disk-shaped rotating body drives the first chuck mount 18 and the second chuck to be mounted.
  • the seats 22 move toward each other or away from each other.
  • the chuck opening and closing mechanism 9 further includes an operating handle 32 that is fixed to the rotating body 11 to move the rotating body 11, and the user can pull the operating handle 32 to make the rotating body 11 at the opening limit. Rotate between position and docking limit position.
  • a first positioning pin 14 and a second positioning pin 16 are fixed to the rotating body 11, and the first positioning pin 14 and the second positioning pin 16 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the rotation center of the rotating body 11 in the radial direction of the rotating body 11.
  • the first positioning pin 14 is for positioning the end surface of the first workpiece 6 in the first chuck device
  • the second positioning pin 16 is for positioning the end surface of the second workpiece 8 in the second chuck.
  • the first positioning pin 14 and the second positioning pin 16 are located on the central axis of the first chuck device and the second chuck device.
  • the positioning pin rotates away from the central axis.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a welding machine equipped with a tap and a spring steel.
  • the operating handle 32 is swung counterclockwise to the right extreme position (ie, the chuck opening and closing mechanism is in the opening limit position), and the first chuck mounting seat 18 and the second chuck mounting seat 22 respectively compress the same.
  • the corresponding compression spring is synchronously pulled to both sides; then the tap 36 is loaded into the first chuck 20, the end surface thereof is positioned by the first positioning pin 14, and the knob on the first chuck 20 is manually operated to clamp the tap 36;
  • the spring steel 38 is loaded into the second chuck, the end face thereof is positioned by the second positioning pin 16, and the knob on the second chuck 24 is manually operated to clamp the spring steel 38.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a solder on a tap.
  • the operating handle 32 is swung clockwise to the intermediate position, the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 24 are synchronously moved to the middle, and the first positioning pin 14 and the second positioning pin 16 are simultaneously rotated away from the center line.
  • the end faces of the workpiece to be welded, that is, the tap and the spring steel are exposed, and then the solder 40 is attached to the end face of the tap 36.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view showing the welding state of the welder.
  • the operation handle 32 is continuously oscillated clockwise to the left limit position (ie, the chuck opening and closing mechanism is located at the docking limit position), and the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 24 continue to move synchronously to the middle, and the compression spring pair
  • the corresponding chuck mount applies a biasing force that causes the chuck mount to be relatively close.
  • the tap 36 and the spring steel 38 are tightly abutted together under the elastic biasing force of the compression spring, and the abutment end is located at the high frequency of the welder.
  • the induction coil 4 it is convenient for the welding machine to weld the workpiece.
  • the welding operation is performed by the high frequency induction welding machine.
  • the first chuck 20 and the second chuck 24 are unscrewed by the knob, the workpiece after welding is taken out, and the above actions are repeated to continue the welding.
  • the two biasing devices respectively bias the two chuck devices.
  • one of the chucking devices can be biased to the other of the chucking devices using only one biasing device, and the other of the chucking devices can be attached to the machine.
  • the chuck opening and closing mechanism is only connected to the chuck device to which the bias is applied, that is, only the chuck device to which the bias is applied is moved by the rotation of the chuck opening and closing mechanism.
  • the three-jaw chuck of the docking machine fixture part of the invention can effectively ensure the coaxiality of the parts after welding, and the high-frequency induction brazing process can ensure a stable welding effect, and the heat effect of the welding is affected.
  • the area is small, concentrated, and the welding has almost no influence on the base metal (floss and spring steel), and since the strength and melting point of the brazing material added during welding are lower than that of the base metal, the tap and the spring are used during use.
  • the steel will only be disconnected from the original joint surface, and it will not affect the repeated welding at all; when the tap needs to be separated after the service life of the tap is reached, it can be easily disconnected from the original joint surface by reheating on the fixture, without affecting at all. Spring steel is used again for welding.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Abstract

一种对焊机，包括机台、设置在所述机台上的夹具装置以及焊机。夹具装置包括第一卡盘装置、第二卡盘装置、至少一偏压装置以及卡盘开合机构。偏压装置连接在机台与对应一个卡盘装置之间以对所述对应卡盘装置施加朝向另一个卡盘装置的偏压。卡盘开合机构包括转动体，转动体与第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置至少其中之一连接。转动体可在一打开极限位置和一对接极限位置之间转动，以驱动所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置作相对移动。打开极限位置对应第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置在其中轴线上的最大距离，对接极限位置对应第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置在其中轴线上的最小距离。

Description

对焊机及其夹具装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种焊接夹具，特别涉及一种对焊机及其夹具装置。
 背景技术
对焊机实现两个工件的对接及焊接。对接并焊接丝锥和弹簧钢棒材即是其一种应用。
标准件生产厂家在制造螺母的过程中需要用到高精度的丝锥，该丝锥需要焊接在一根同直径的90度折弯的弹簧钢棒材上，从而实现自动批量攻牙，对接的同轴度要求小于等于0.1mm。
现有的丝锥与弹簧钢的对接焊有两种方式：
1. 人工通过简易夹具对准后，用氧乙炔火焰加热对接的位置，达到一定的温度后填入铜焊丝联接。这种联接的缺点：一是夹具简单，同轴度不能保证；二是人工火焰钎焊的焊接质量不稳定，需要熟练工人；三是火焰的热影响区大，会减少丝锥的使用寿命。
2. 通过电阻对焊机初步定位焊接后用电焊条补焊加固或直接通过简单夹具定位后用电焊条焊接。这种联接的缺点同样是同轴度不能保证，电焊条补焊后丝锥在使用的过程中发生断开的情况时不会在对接点断开，而是在接口附近的丝锥端断裂，且断口不规则，不能进行二次重接，而且当丝锥使用寿命到达后，需要与弹簧钢分开时，需要切掉一部分弹簧钢，这样弹簧钢也需要经常更换。
因此，如何设计出一种焊接后工件的同轴度偏差小，丝锥即使在使用过程中发生断裂时也只能在原结合面断开，不影响弹簧钢的重复使用，且焊接稳定可靠，操作简单的对焊机是本发明的目的。
 技术问题
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种对焊机及其夹具装置以解决至少一种上述提及的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明提供一种对焊机的夹具装置，设置在对焊机机台上用以对接待焊接的第一工件和第二工件，所述夹具装置包括第一卡盘安装座、第一卡盘、第二卡盘安装座、第二卡盘、第一偏压装置、第二偏压装置及卡盘开合机构。其中，所述第一卡盘安装座可滑动地支撑在所述对焊机机台上，所述第一卡盘安装在所述第一卡盘安装座上用以夹持所述待焊接的第一工件，所述第二卡盘安装座可滑动地支撑在所述对焊机机台上，所述第二卡盘安装在所述第二卡盘安装座上用以夹持所述待焊接的第二工件，所述第二卡盘的活动卡爪正对所述第一卡盘的活动卡爪，所述第一偏压装置弹性抵压所述第一卡盘安装座以对所述第一卡盘安装座施加朝向所述第二卡盘安装座的偏压，所述第二偏压装置弹性抵压所述第二卡盘安装座以对所述第二卡盘安装座施加朝向所述第一卡盘安装座的偏压，所述卡盘开合机构与所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座连接，构造成用以驱动所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座在一打开位置和一对接位置之间移动。
在一实施例中，所述第一卡盘和第二卡盘为三爪自对心卡盘。
在一实施例中，所述夹具装置包括固定在所述对焊机机台上的一对平行导杆，所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座与该对平行导杆可滑动地连接。
在一实施例中，所述卡盘开合机构包括可转动地连接至所述对焊机机台的转动体，所述转动体可在一打开极限位置和一对接极限位置之间转动，所述转动体与所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座连接，使得当所述转动体在所述打开极限位置和所述对接极限位置之间转动时，所述转动体带动所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座朝相互靠近或相互远离的方向移动。
在一实施例中，所述卡盘开合机构包括一固定至所述转动体以扳动所述转动体的操作手柄。
在一实施例中，所述转动体上固定有第一定位销和第二定位销，所述第一定位销和第二定位销在所述转动体的径向上相对于所述转动体的旋转中心对称设置，所述第一定位销对应于所述第一卡盘，用以定位所述第一卡盘内的第一工件的端面，所述第二定位销对应于所述第二卡盘，用以定位所述第二卡盘内的第二工件的端面，当所述转动体位于所述打开极限位置时，所述第一定位销和第二定位销位于所述第一卡盘和第二卡盘的中轴线上。
在一实施例中，所述第一定位销和第二定位销垂直于所述转动体。
在一实施例中，所述转动体位于所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座之间。
另一方面，本发明还提供一种对焊机，包括机台、设置在所述机台上的夹具装置以及焊机，所述夹具装置用以对接待焊接的第一工件和第二工件，所述焊机用以对已处于对接状态的所述第一工件和第二工件进行焊接，所述夹具装置包括第一卡盘装置、第二卡盘装置、至少一偏压装置及卡盘开合机构。其中，
第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置，分别用以夹持所述第一工件和第二工件，所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置具有共轴的中轴线，且可沿其中轴线朝相互靠近或相互远离的方向作相对移动；
至少一偏压装置，所述至少一偏压装置连接在所述机台与对应一个卡盘装置之间以对所述对应卡盘装置施加朝向另一个卡盘装置的偏压；以及
卡盘开合机构，所述卡盘开合机构包括可转动地连接至所述机台的转动体，所述转动体与第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置至少其中之一连接，所述转动体可在一打开极限位置和一对接极限位置之间转动，以驱动所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置作上述相对移动，所述打开极限位置对应所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置在其中轴线上的最大距离，所述对接极限位置对应所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置在其中轴线上的最小距离。
在一实施例中，所述转动体上固定有第一定位销和第二定位销，所述第一定位销和第二定位销在所述转动体的径向上相对于所述转动体的旋转中心对称设置，所述第一定位销用以定位所述第一卡盘装置内的第一工件的端面，所述第二定位销用以定位所述第二卡盘内的第二工件的端面，当所述转动体位于所述打开极限位置时，所述第一定位销和第二定位销位于所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置的中轴线上。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，上述实施例具有以下优点：在一些实施例中，本发明提供的对焊机夹具部分的三爪卡盘可有效保障焊接后零件的同轴度，高频感应钎焊的工艺又可以保障稳定的焊接效果，且由于焊接的热影响区域小、集中，焊接对于母材（丝锥和弹簧钢）几乎没有任何影响，且由于焊接时添加的钎料本身的强度和熔点都低于母材，因此，在使用的过程中，即使发生断裂，丝锥和弹簧钢只会从原结合面处断开，完全不影响重复焊接；当丝锥的使用寿命达到后需要分开丝锥时，也只需要在夹具上重新加热即可轻松从原结合面断开，完全不影响弹簧钢的再次焊接使用。
附图说明
图1是对焊机装备丝锥和弹簧钢状态的结构示意图。
图2是在丝锥上贴钎料状态的结构示意图。
图3是对焊机焊接状态的结构示意图。
图4是丝锥和弹簧钢的示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
在详细描述实施例之前，应该理解的是，本发明不限于本申请中下文或附图中所描述的详细结构或元件排布。本发明可为其它方式实现的实施例。而且，应当理解，本文所使用的措辞及术语仅仅用作描述用途，不应作限定性解释。本文所使用的“包括”、“包含”、“具有”等类似措辞意为包含其后所列出之事项、其等同物及其它附加事项。特别是，当描述“一个某元件”时，本发明并不限定该元件的数量为一个，也可以包括多个。
如图1-4所示，对焊机包括机台2、设置在机台2上的夹具装置以及焊机，其中，夹具装置用以对接待焊接的第一工件6和第二工件8，焊机用以对已处于对接状态的第一工件6和第二工件8进行焊接。其中，焊机可以采用现有合适类型的焊机，例如高频感应焊机。
在所示的实施例中，也请参考图4，第一工件6是以丝锥为例，第二工件8是以弹簧钢为例。本领域技术人员在阅读本说明书之后，应当理解本发明的对焊机及其夹具装置可以应用于其它待焊接的工件，特别是棒材。
夹具装置包括第一卡盘装置19、第二卡盘装置23、至少一偏压装置及卡盘开合机构9。
第一卡盘装置19和第二卡盘装置23分别用以夹持丝锥6和弹簧钢8，第一卡盘装置19和第二卡盘装置23具有共轴的中轴线，且可沿其中轴线朝相互靠近或相互远离的方向作相对移动。具体而言，第一卡盘装置19包括可滑动地支撑在对焊机机台2上的第一卡盘安装座18和固定安装在第一卡盘安装座18上用以夹持待焊接的丝锥6的第一卡盘20；第二卡盘装置23包括可滑动地支撑在对焊机机台2上的第二卡盘安装座22和固定安装在第二卡盘安装座22上用以夹持待焊接的弹簧钢8的第二卡盘24。在所示的具体实施例中，第一卡盘20和第二卡盘24均被实施成三爪自对心卡盘，且第二卡盘24的活动卡爪正对第一卡盘20的活动卡爪。夹具装置还包括固定在对焊机机台2上的一对平行导杆34，第一卡盘安装座18和第二卡盘安装座22与该对平行导杆34可滑动地连接。因此，第一卡盘装置19和第二卡盘安装装置23在导杆上相对移动。
至少一偏压装置连接在机台2与对应一个卡盘装置之间以对所述对应卡盘装置施加朝向另一个卡盘装置的偏压。在所示的具体实施例中，偏压装置包括第一偏压装置26和第二偏压装置28。其中，第一偏压装置26弹性抵压第一卡盘安装座18以对第一卡盘安装座18施加朝向第二卡盘安装座22的偏压；第二偏压装置28弹性抵压第二卡盘安装座22以对第二卡盘安装座22施加朝向第一卡盘安装座18的偏压。在本实施例中，第一偏压装置26和第二偏压装置28均采用压缩弹簧。应当理解的是，本发明并不限定第一偏压装置26和第二偏压装置28为压缩弹簧，也可以实施成其他弹性装置。
卡盘开合机构9，包括可转动地连接至机台2的转动体11，转动体11与第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置至少其中之一连接。在所示的具体实施例中，卡盘开合机构9与第一卡盘安装座18和第二卡盘安装座22连接，构造成用以驱动第一卡盘安装座18和第二卡盘安装座22在一打开极限位置和一对接极限位置之间移动。
在所示的实施例中，转动体11可在该打开极限位置和对接极限位置之间转动，以驱动第一卡盘装置19和第二卡盘装置23作上述相对移动。其中，打开极限位置对应第一卡盘装置19和第二卡盘装置23在其中轴线上的最大距离，对接极限位置对应第一卡盘装置19和第二卡盘装置23在其中轴线上的最小距离。
在所示的实施例中，转动体11为盘状，当转动体11在打开极限位置和对接极限位置之间转动时，盘状转动体带动第一卡盘安装座18和第二卡盘安装座22朝相互靠近或相互远离的方向移动。
在所示的具体实施例中，卡盘开合机构9还包括一固定至转动体11以扳动转动体11的操作手柄32，使用者可通过扳动操作手柄32使得转动体11在打开极限位置和对接极限位置之间转动。
转动体11上固定有第一定位销14和第二定位销16，第一定位销14和第二定位销16在转动体11的径向上相对于转动体11的旋转中心对称设置。其中，第一定位销14用以定位第一卡盘装置内的第一工件6的端面，第二定位销16用以定位第二卡盘内的第二工件8的端面。当转动体11位于打开极限位置时，第一定位销14和第二定位销16位于第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置的中轴线上。而当转动体旋转离开打开极限位置时，定位销旋离该中轴线。
下面以焊接丝锥和弹簧钢为例介绍对焊机从打开极限位置到对接极限位置的具体操作流程：
图1是对焊机装备丝锥和弹簧钢状态的结构示意图。如图1所示，首先，将操作手柄32逆时针摆动到右极限位置（即卡盘开合机构位于打开极限位置），第一卡盘安装座18和第二卡盘安装座22分别压缩其对应的压缩弹簧同步向两边拉开；然后将丝锥36装入第一卡盘20内，其端面由第一定位销14定位，并手动操作第一卡盘20上的旋钮将丝锥36夹紧；将弹簧钢38装入第二卡盘内，其端面由第二定位销16定位，并手动操作第二卡盘24上的旋钮将弹簧钢38夹紧。
图2是在丝锥上贴钎料状态的结构示意图。如图2所示，将操作手柄32顺时针摆动到中间位置，第一卡盘20和第二卡盘24同步向中间移动，第一定位销14和第二定位销16也同时旋离中心线位置将待焊工件，即丝锥和弹簧钢的端面暴露出来，然后在丝锥36的端面上贴入钎料40。
图3是对焊机焊接状态的结构示意图。如图3所示，继续顺时针摆动操作手柄32至左极限位置（即卡盘开合机构位于对接极限位置），第一卡盘20和第二卡盘24继续同步向中间移动，压缩弹簧对对应的卡盘安装座施加使得卡盘安装座相对靠近的偏压力，丝锥36和弹簧钢38在压缩弹簧的弹性偏压力下紧紧地抵靠在一起，且抵靠端位于焊机的高频感应圈4内，便于焊机对工件的焊接。
完成以上步骤后利用高频感应焊机进行焊接动作，焊接完毕后，旋开旋钮松开第一卡盘20和第二卡盘24，将焊接后的工件取出，重复以上动作，继续焊接。
在上述实施例中，两个偏压装置分别对两个卡盘装置施加偏压。在其它实施方式中，可以只利用一个偏压装置对其中一个卡盘装置向另一个卡盘装置施加偏压，而另一个卡盘装置固定在机台上。卡盘开合机构则只与被施加偏压的卡盘装置连接，即通过卡盘开合机构的转动只驱动该被施加偏压的卡盘装置移动。
综上所述，本发明提供的对接专机夹具部分的三爪卡盘可有效保障焊接后零件的同轴度，高频感应钎焊的工艺又可以保障稳定的焊接效果，且由于焊接的热影响区域小、集中，焊接对于母材（丝锥和弹簧钢）几乎没有任何影响，且由于焊接时添加的钎料本身的强度和熔点都低于母材，因此，在使用的过程中，丝锥和弹簧钢只会从原结合面处断开，完全不影响重复焊接；当丝锥的使用寿命达到后需要分开丝锥时，也只需要在夹具上重新加热即可轻松从原结合面断开，完全不影响弹簧钢的再次焊接使用。
本发明所描述的概念在不偏离其精神和特性的情况下可以实施成其它形式。所公开的具体实施例应被视为例示性而不是限制性的。因此，本发明的范围是由所附的权利要求，而不是根据之前的这些描述进行确定。在权利要求的字面意义及等同范围内的任何改变都应属于这些权利要求的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种对焊机的夹具装置，设置在对焊机机台上用以对接待焊接的第一工件和第二工件，其特征在于，所述夹具装置包括：
    第一卡盘安装座，所述第一卡盘安装座可滑动地支撑在所述对焊机机台上；
    第一卡盘，所述第一卡盘安装在所述第一卡盘安装座上用以夹持所述待焊接的第一工件；
    第二卡盘安装座，所述第二卡盘安装座可滑动地支撑在所述对焊机机台上；
    第二卡盘，所述第二卡盘安装在所述第二卡盘安装座上用以夹持所述待焊接的第二工件，所述第二卡盘的活动卡爪正对所述第一卡盘的活动卡爪；
    第一偏压装置，所述第一偏压装置弹性抵压所述第一卡盘安装座以对所述第一卡盘安装座施加朝向所述第二卡盘安装座的偏压；
    第二偏压装置，所述第二偏压装置弹性抵压所述第二卡盘安装座以对所述第二卡盘安装座施加朝向所述第一卡盘安装座的偏压；以及
    卡盘开合机构，所述卡盘开合机构与所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座连接，构造成用以驱动所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座在一打开位置和一对接位置之间移动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的对焊机的夹具装置，其特征在于，所述第一卡盘和第二卡盘为三爪自对心卡盘。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的对焊机的夹具装置，其特征在于，所述夹具装置包括固定在所述对焊机机台上的一对平行导杆，所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座与该对平行导杆可滑动地连接。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的对焊机的夹具装置，其特征在于，所述卡盘开合机构包括可转动地连接至所述对焊机机台的转动体，所述转动体可在一打开极限位置和一对接极限位置之间转动，所述转动体与所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座连接，使得当所述转动体在所述打开极限位置和所述对接极限位置之间转动时，所述转动体带动所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座朝相互靠近或相互远离的方向移动。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的对焊机的夹具装置，其特征在于，所述卡盘开合机构包括一固定至所述转动体以扳动所述转动体的操作手柄。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的对焊机的夹具装置，其特征在于，所述转动体上固定有第一定位销和第二定位销，所述第一定位销和第二定位销在所述转动体的径向上相对于所述转动体的旋转中心对称设置，所述第一定位销对应于所述第一卡盘，用以定位所述第一卡盘内的第一工件的端面，所述第二定位销对应于所述第二卡盘，用以定位所述第二卡盘内的第二工件的端面，当所述转动体位于所述打开极限位置时，所述第一定位销和第二定位销位于所述第一卡盘和第二卡盘的中轴线上。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的对焊机的夹具装置，其特征在于，所述第一定位销和第二定位销垂直于所述转动体。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的对焊机的夹具装置，其特征在于，所述转动体位于所述第一卡盘安装座和第二卡盘安装座之间。
  9. 一种对焊机，包括机台、设置在所述机台上的夹具装置以及焊机，所述夹具装置用以对接待焊接的第一工件和第二工件，所述焊机用以对已处于对接状态的所述第一工件和第二工件进行焊接，其特征在于，所述夹具装置包括：
    第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置，分别用以夹持所述第一工件和第二工件，所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置具有共轴的中轴线，且可沿其中轴线朝相互靠近或相互远离的方向作相对移动；
    至少一偏压装置，所述至少一偏压装置连接在所述机台与对应一个卡盘装置之间以对所述对应卡盘装置施加朝向另一个卡盘装置的偏压；以及
    卡盘开合机构，所述卡盘开合机构包括可转动地连接至所述机台的转动体，所述转动体与第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置至少其中之一连接，所述转动体可在一打开极限位置和一对接极限位置之间转动，以驱动所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置作上述相对移动，所述打开极限位置对应所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置在其中轴线上的最大距离，所述对接极限位置对应所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置在其中轴线上的最小距离。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的对焊机，其特征在于，所述转动体上固定有第一定位销和第二定位销，所述第一定位销和第二定位销在所述转动体的径向上相对于所述转动体的旋转中心对称设置，所述第一定位销用以定位所述第一卡盘装置内的第一工件的端面，所述第二定位销用以定位所述第二卡盘内的第二工件的端面，当所述转动体位于所述打开极限位置时，所述第一定位销和第二定位销位于所述第一卡盘装置和第二卡盘装置的中轴线上。
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