WO2015063837A1 - 冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015063837A1 WO2015063837A1 PCT/JP2013/079146 JP2013079146W WO2015063837A1 WO 2015063837 A1 WO2015063837 A1 WO 2015063837A1 JP 2013079146 W JP2013079146 W JP 2013079146W WO 2015063837 A1 WO2015063837 A1 WO 2015063837A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- pressure
- refrigeration cycle
- heat exchanger
- communication pipe
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 231
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBIIKVXVYVANCQ-CUWPLCDZSA-N (2s,4s,5s)-5-amino-n-(3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-3-oxopropyl)-6-[4-(2-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-5-oxopiperazin-1-yl]-4-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylhexanamide Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)N(C[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NCC(C)(C)C(N)=O)CC(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1Cl RBIIKVXVYVANCQ-CUWPLCDZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/26—Refrigerant piping
- F24F1/32—Refrigerant piping for connecting the separate outdoor units to indoor units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
Definitions
- This invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus used for applications such as freezing and refrigeration.
- a heat source unit having a compressor and a condenser and a cooling unit having an expansion valve and an evaporator are connected by a plurality of connecting pipes, and the refrigerant is circulated between the heat source unit and the cooling unit through the connecting pipes.
- refrigerators that can be made to operate.
- the cooling unit is often installed at a location away from the heat source unit. Is often long (for example, the total length of the connecting pipe is about 100 m).
- chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants such as HFC (hydrochlorofluorocarbon) may be used in refrigerators, but in recent years, the use of chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants with a high global warming potential has become a problem from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment. Yes.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of reducing the amount of refrigerant charged and avoiding the reduction of the appropriate operating range. Objective.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a compressor, a heat source unit having a high-pressure side heat exchanger that cools the refrigerant from the compressor, and a main decompression device that decompresses the refrigerant from the high-pressure side heat exchanger.
- a cooling unit having a low-pressure side heat exchanger, a first communication pipe for guiding a refrigerant sent from the main decompression device to the low-pressure side heat exchanger between the heat source unit and the cooling unit, and a compressor from the low-pressure side heat exchanger
- a second communication pipe for guiding the refrigerant sent to the heat source unit and the cooling unit, and the main decompression device decompresses the refrigerant so that the refrigerant in the first communication pipe is in a gas-liquid two-phase state
- the first connecting pipe is a connecting pipe in which a refrigerant pressure loss occurs in a range where the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the low-pressure side heat exchanger does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the low-pressure side heat exchanger.
- the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe is in a gas-liquid two-phase state due to the decompression of the refrigerant by the main decompression apparatus, so that the effect of reducing the amount of refrigerant charged in the refrigeration cycle apparatus is ensured.
- Can do since the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe is suppressed in a range where the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator does not fall below the use evaporation temperature, reduction of the proper operation range of the refrigeration cycle apparatus is avoided. Can do.
- the graph which shows the relationship between the internal diameter of a 1st connecting pipe, and the length of a 1st connecting pipe when the pressure reduction amount of the refrigerant
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus is connected between a heat source unit 1, a cooling unit 2 disposed away from the heat source unit 1, and the heat source unit 1 and the cooling unit 2.
- the first communication pipe 3 and the second communication pipe 4 that circulate the refrigerant between them.
- R404A refrigerant which is a chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant, is used as a refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the heat source unit 1 includes a compressor 11, a condenser (high pressure side heat exchanger) 12, and a main decompression device 13.
- the heat source unit 1 is provided with a plurality of connection pipes that connect the second communication pipe 4, the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the main decompression device 13, and the first communication pipe 3 in order.
- the cooling unit 2 includes an evaporator (low-pressure side heat exchanger) 14.
- the cooling unit 2 is provided with a plurality of connection pipes that connect the first communication pipe 3, the evaporator 14, and the second communication pipe 4 in order.
- the compressor 11 when the compressor 11 is driven, the refrigerant is compressed into the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the main decompression device 13, the first communication pipe 3, the evaporator 14, and the second communication pipe 4. In this order and return to the compressor 11.
- Compressor 11 compresses gaseous refrigerant.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is sent to the condenser 12.
- the condenser 12 cools the gaseous refrigerant from the compressor 11 to form a liquid refrigerant.
- the condenser 12 cools and condenses the refrigerant by releasing heat from the gaseous refrigerant to a coolant (for example, air or water).
- the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 12 is sent to the main decompression device 13.
- the main decompressor 13 expands the refrigerant from the condenser 12 and decompresses it.
- the main decompression device 13 decompresses the refrigerant so that the refrigerant at the inlet of the first communication pipe 3 is in a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the main decompression device 13 is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- the main decompression device 13 is controlled by a control unit (not shown).
- the first communication pipe 3 guides the refrigerant sent from the main decompression device 13 to the evaporator 14 between the heat source unit 1 and the cooling unit 2. In the first communication pipe 3, the refrigerant is guided while maintaining the gas-liquid two-phase state in the entire section of the first communication pipe 3.
- the evaporator 14 evaporates the refrigerant from the first communication pipe 3.
- the evaporator 14 is provided, for example, in a cooling container (for example, a cooling showcase) installed in a store such as a convenience store or a supermarket.
- the cooling container is cooled by evaporating the refrigerant in the evaporator 14.
- the second communication pipe 4 guides the refrigerant sent from the evaporator 14 to the compressor 11 between the heat source unit 1 and the cooling unit 2. In the second communication pipe 4, a gaseous refrigerant is guided.
- the first and second communication pipes 3 and 4 are provided downstream of the main decompression device 13 and upstream of the compressor 11. Accordingly, the first and second connecting pipes 3 and 4 are provided on the low pressure side in the refrigeration cycle.
- the main decompression device 13 is provided not in the heat source unit 1 but in the cooling unit 2, and the refrigerant from the condenser 12 is the first refrigerant. After passing through the connecting pipe 3, it is sent to the main decompression device 13. That is, in the comparative refrigeration cycle apparatus, the first communication pipe 3 is provided on the high pressure side in the refrigeration cycle. Therefore, in the comparative refrigeration cycle apparatus, the refrigerant passing through the first communication pipe 3 is in a liquid single-phase state, and the amount of charged refrigerant increases.
- the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is in a gas-liquid two-phase state due to the decompression of the refrigerant by the main decompression device 13.
- coolant amount in the 1st connecting pipe 3 is reduced, and the filling refrigerant
- the design pressure of the first communication pipe 3 is lower due to the decompression of the refrigerant by the main decompression apparatus 13 as compared with the comparative refrigeration cycle apparatus, and the first communication The thickness of the tube 3 is thin.
- the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 increases as the length of the first connecting pipe 3 increases, and increases as the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 3 decreases. Moreover, the pressure loss of the refrigerant
- the refrigerant pressure greatly decreases due to the refrigerant passing through the first communication pipe 3, and the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 is May fall below the evaporation temperature desired to be used in the evaporator 14 (that is, the refrigeration cycle apparatus may not be properly operated).
- the maximum length of the first connecting pipe 3 is about 100 m.
- the refrigerant maintains a liquid single-phase state at the outlet of the first connecting pipe 3.
- the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 3 is designed. Further, the inner diameter of the first communication tube 3 is not changed by the length of the first communication tube 3.
- the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is in a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the first communication is performed within a range where the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14.
- the magnitude of the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the pipe 3 is set. That is, the first connecting pipe 3 is a connecting pipe in which the refrigerant pressure loss occurs in a range in which the refrigerant saturation temperature in the evaporator 14 does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14.
- the magnitude of the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is set by adjusting the length and the inner diameter of the first communication pipe 3.
- FIG. 3 shows the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 3 and the first connecting pipe 3 when the decompression amount of the refrigerant passing through the first connecting pipe 3 in FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship with the length of.
- the maximum depressurization amount is a differential pressure between the maximum pressure (upper limit) at which the refrigerant maintains a gas-liquid two-phase state and the pressure (lower limit) of the evaporation temperature (utilization evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14) used by the user. is there. Therefore, FIG. 3 shows the maximum differential pressure between the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the first connecting pipe 3 when the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 maintains a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 3 and the length of the first connecting pipe 3 when the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration cycle apparatus is 8.5 kW and the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14 is ⁇ 40 ° C. Shows the relationship.
- the inner diameter of the first communication tube 3 when the pressure reduction amount of the refrigerant in the first communication tube 3 becomes the maximum pressure reduction amount increases as the length of the first communication tube 3 increases.
- the inner diameter of the first communication pipe 3 in the present embodiment is such that the pressure reduction amount (pressure loss) of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is the maximum pressure reduction amount (a constant value).
- the inner diameter is set according to the length of the first connecting pipe 3.
- FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the change in the refrigerant amount with respect to the length of the first connecting pipe 3 in FIG. 1 between the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant and the liquid single-phase refrigerant.
- the amount of refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 is such that when the length of the first connecting pipe 3 is 186 m or less, the refrigerant in the liquid single-phase state is more than the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the length of the first connecting pipe 3 is longer than 186 m, the refrigerant in the gas-liquid two-phase state becomes larger than the refrigerant in the liquid single-phase state.
- the length of the 1st connecting pipe 3 becomes longer than 186 m, it turns out that the refrigerant quantity reduction effect by making a refrigerant into a gas-liquid two-phase state in the 1st connecting pipe 3 is lose
- the length of the first communication pipe 3 is about 100 m, which is 186 m or less at the maximum.
- the refrigerant pressure is reduced by making the refrigerant in a gas-liquid two-phase state, and the outlet pressure of the first connecting pipe 3 is ensured to be equal to or higher than the pressure of the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14 so that the refrigeration cycle apparatus is appropriate. Driving becomes possible.
- the amount of refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 can be further reduced by reducing the degree of supercooling at the outlet of the condenser 12 and increasing the degree of dryness of the refrigerant.
- coolant in the 1st connecting pipe 3 becomes so high that the pressure of the refrigerant
- the condenser 12 causes sufficient condensation of the refrigerant. Therefore, the condenser 12 cannot be used effectively, and the operation efficiency of the refrigeration cycle apparatus may be reduced. Therefore, the refrigerant amount can be reduced without lowering the operation efficiency of the refrigeration cycle apparatus by making the outlet of the condenser 12 saturated (that is, setting the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser 12 to 0). An effect can be obtained. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the condenser 12 is designed so that the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant becomes 0 at the outlet of the condenser 12.
- the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is in a gas-liquid two-phase state due to the decompression of the refrigerant by the main decompression device 13, and therefore the amount of refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is reduced.
- the amount of refrigerant charged in the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be reduced.
- cost reduction and reduction of global environmental load can be aimed at.
- the pressure of the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 can be lowered, the pressure resistance performance of the first connecting pipe 3 can be lowered, and the thickness of the first connecting pipe 3 can be reduced. Can do. Thereby, a bending process, a connection process, etc. of the 1st connecting pipe 3 can be performed easily, and the effort of the installation work of the refrigeration cycle apparatus in the field can be reduced. Therefore, the construction time and construction cost of the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be reduced.
- the refrigerant pressure loss in the first connecting pipe 3 is suppressed in a range where the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14, the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14 is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from being properly evaporated, and avoid the reduction of the proper operation range of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the inner diameter of the first communication pipe 3 is set according to the length of the first communication pipe 3 so that the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 becomes the maximum pressure reduction amount (a constant value). Since the length of the first connecting pipe 3 is 186 m or less, the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 is compared with the case where the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 is in a liquid single-phase state. The amount can be more reliably reduced.
- Embodiment 2 the refrigerant from the first communication pipe 3 is sent to the evaporator 14 as it is.
- a flow rate control unit 21 is provided between the first communication pipe 3 and the evaporator 14 to provide the first communication. You may make it control the superheat degree of the refrigerant
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the cooling unit 2 further includes a flow rate control unit (cooling unit side pressure reducing device) 21.
- the flow rate control unit 21 is provided in a connection pipe that connects the first communication pipe 3 and the evaporator 14. Further, the flow rate control unit 21 depressurizes the refrigerant from the first communication pipe 3 and sends it to the evaporator 14.
- the flow controller 21 decompresses the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has passed through the first communication pipe 3.
- the flow rate control unit 21 is controlled by a control unit (not shown).
- the evaporator 14 evaporates the refrigerant decompressed by the flow rate control unit 21.
- the flow rate control unit 21 is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- the pressure reduction adjustment range of the refrigerant by the flow rate control unit 21 of the cooling unit 2 is about 0.3 MPa. Therefore, the outlet pressure of the first connecting pipe 3 is set to a pressure higher by 0.3 MPa than the evaporation pressure.
- the degree of superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator 14 is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant by the flow rate control unit 21. For example, after the refrigerant is depressurized by the main decompression device 13 and the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant passes through the first connecting pipe 3, the flow rate of the refrigerant is adjusted by the flow rate control unit 21, and the refrigerant is discharged from the outlet of the evaporator 14.
- the degree of superheat of the refrigerant to be discharged is set to 5 ° C to 10 ° C. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the cooling unit 2 since the cooling unit 2 includes the flow rate control unit 21 that depressurizes the refrigerant from the first communication pipe 3 and sends the refrigerant to the evaporator 14, the flow rate control unit 21 makes the evaporator The evaporation temperature at 14 can be controlled more reliably.
- coolant can fully be evaporated in the evaporator 14, and the improvement of the cooling performance in the evaporator 14 can be aimed at. Accordingly, the gasification of the refrigerant returning from the evaporator 14 to the compressor 11 can be more reliably performed, and the failure of the compressor 11 due to the liquid back can be avoided more reliably.
- a plurality of cooling units 2 may be connected in parallel to the common first connecting pipe 3, and the refrigerant may be sent from the common first connecting pipe 3 to each cooling unit 2. .
- main decompression of the refrigerant is performed by the main decompression device 13 of the heat source unit 1 so that the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is in a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the distribution of the refrigerant flow rate to each evaporator 14 is performed by each flow rate control unit 21 according to the refrigeration capacity of each cooling unit 2. That is, the flow rate control unit 21 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant to each evaporator 14 so that the evaporation temperature in each evaporator 14 becomes the use temperature. In this way, it is possible to sufficiently evaporate the refrigerant in each cooling unit 2 while more reliably reducing the amount of refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3, and to improve the cooling performance in each cooling unit. Can do.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the heat source unit 1 further includes a liquid receiver 31.
- the liquid receiver 31 stores the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser 12. Thereby, the outlet of the liquid receiver 31 is in a saturated liquid state of the refrigerant.
- the liquid refrigerant stored in the liquid receiver 31 is sent to the main decompressor 13.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
- the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser 12 is stored in the liquid receiver 31, and the liquid refrigerant stored in the liquid receiver 31 is sent to the main pressure reducing device 13. It is possible to prevent the refrigerant sent to 13 from entering a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 4 is a dual refrigeration cycle apparatus in which a high-source refrigeration cycle unit 41 is added to a low-source refrigeration cycle unit having the same configuration as that of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
- a low-source refrigerant is used in the low-source refrigeration cycle unit, and a high-source refrigerant is used in the high-source refrigeration cycle unit 41.
- CO 2 that is a high-pressure refrigerant is a low-source refrigerant, and the pressure on the high-pressure side of the low-source refrigeration cycle section is set to a supercritical pressure or less.
- the heat source unit 1 further includes a high-source refrigeration cycle unit 41 in addition to the compressor 11, the condenser 12, and the main decompression device 13.
- the high-source refrigeration cycle unit 41 includes a high-source compressor 42, a high-source condenser 43, and a high-source decompression device (expansion valve) 44.
- the heat source unit 1 is provided with a plurality of connecting pipes for sequentially connecting the high-source compressor 42, the high-source condenser 43, the high-source decompression device 44, and the condenser 12.
- the high-source refrigerant is sent in the order of the high-source compressor 42, the high-source condenser 43, the high-source decompression device 44, and the condenser 12. And returned to the high-order compressor 42.
- the high-source compressor 42 compresses the gaseous high-source refrigerant.
- the high-source refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is sent to the high-source condenser 43.
- the high-source condenser 43 condenses the gaseous high-source refrigerant from the high-source compressor 42 into a liquid high-source refrigerant.
- the high element condenser 43 cools and condenses the high element refrigerant by releasing heat from the gaseous high element refrigerant to a coolant (for example, air or water).
- the refrigerant condensed in the high-source condenser 43 is sent to the high-source decompression device 44.
- the high original decompression device 44 expands and decompresses the liquid high original refrigerant from the high original condenser 43.
- the high-source refrigerant decompressed by the high-source decompression device 44 is sent to the condenser 12.
- the condenser 12 is a cascade heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the low-source refrigerant from the compressor 11 and the high-source refrigerant from the high-source decompression device 44.
- the condenser 12 when the heat moves from the low-source refrigerant to the high-source refrigerant, the low-source refrigerant is cooled and the high-source refrigerant is heated.
- the high-source refrigerant is evaporated by heating and then sent from the condenser 12 to the high-source compressor 42.
- the high-pressure side of the low-source refrigeration cycle section is below the supercritical pressure of the low-source refrigerant.
- the low-source refrigerant is condensed by cooling in the condenser 12 and then sent from the condenser 12 to the main decompression device 13 in a liquid single-phase state.
- the inner diameter of the first communication pipe 3 is set to the length of the first communication pipe 3 so that the reduced pressure of the low-source refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 becomes the maximum reduced pressure. Is set accordingly.
- the length of the first connecting pipe 3 As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, by setting the length of the first connecting pipe 3 to 95 m or less, the low-source refrigerant is brought into a gas-liquid two-phase state in the first connecting pipe 3. Therefore, the effect of reducing the amount of refrigerant can be obtained.
- Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the low-source refrigerant used in the low-source refrigeration cycle unit of the binary refrigeration cycle apparatus is CO 2
- the low-source refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is in a gas-liquid two-phase state
- the amount of refrigerant charged in the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be reduced.
- the configuration of the low-source refrigeration cycle unit is the same as that of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- the configuration of the low-source refrigeration cycle unit is the same as that of the refrigeration cycle according to the second embodiment. It is good also as a structure similar to an apparatus.
- the 1st detector which detects the temperature or pressure of a refrigerant
- the main decompression device 13 may be controlled by the control unit based on the pressure of the refrigerant in the communication pipe 3.
- a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant is provided in the first communication pipe 3, and the pressure of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is obtained from the information of the pressure sensor.
- a temperature sensor (first detector) for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant is provided in the evaporator 14, and the pressure of the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 is obtained from the temperature information of the evaporator 14 by the temperature sensor. Can do.
- a temperature sensor (first detector) for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant is provided in the first communication pipe 3, and the first communication pipe 3 uses the temperature information of the first communication pipe 3 by the temperature sensor. The pressure of the refrigerant can also be obtained. In this way, the refrigerant pressure in the first connecting pipe 3 can be adjusted more accurately.
- a second detector pressure sensor or temperature sensor
- the flow rate control unit 21 may be controlled by the control unit based on the refrigerant pressure at the 14 outlets. If it does in this way, adjustment of the superheat degree of the refrigerant in the exit of evaporator 14 can be performed more correctly.
- the number of cooling units 2 is not limited to one, and the number of cooling units 2 may be plural. Furthermore, the number of heat source units 1 may be plural. When the number of the heat source units 1 is plural, the refrigerant from each of the main pressure reducing devices 13 of each heat source unit 1 is guided by the common first communication pipe 3 and sent to the cooling unit 2.
- R404A refrigerant is used as the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle apparatus
- CO 2 is used as the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle apparatus
- the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle is in the supercritical region.
- the refrigerant is operated (e.g., a natural refrigerant such as CO 2, chlorofluorocarbon refrigerants such as R32, mixed refrigerant containing any one of CO 2 and R32, ethylene, ethane, nitric oxide, etc.) is used as a refrigerant for a refrigeration cycle apparatus
- the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle may be operated in the supercritical region.
- refrigeration cycle apparatus according to each of the above embodiments can be applied to various cooling apparatuses, refrigeration apparatuses, and the like in addition to the cooling showcase installed in the store.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1による冷凍サイクル装置を示す構成図である。図において、冷凍サイクル装置は、熱源ユニット1と、熱源ユニット1から離して配置された冷却ユニット2と、熱源ユニット1と冷却ユニット2との間にそれぞれ接続され、熱源ユニット1と冷却ユニット2との間で冷媒を循環させる第1の連絡管3及び第2の連絡管4とを有している。この例では、フロン系冷媒であるR404A冷媒が冷凍サイクル装置の冷媒として使用されている。
実施の形態1では、第1の連絡管3からの冷媒がそのまま蒸発器14へ送られるが、第1の連絡管3と蒸発器14との間に流量制御部21を設け、第1の連絡管3からの冷媒の流量を流量制御部21で調整した後に冷媒を蒸発器14へ送ることにより、蒸発器14の出口から出る冷媒の過熱度を制御するようにしてもよい。
図6は、この発明の実施の形態3による冷凍サイクル装置を示す構成図である。熱源ユニット1は、受液器31をさらに有している。受液器31は、凝縮器12から出た液状の冷媒を溜める。これにより、受液器31の出口は、冷媒の飽和液状態となっている。主減圧装置13には、受液器31に溜められた液状の冷媒が送られる。他の構成は実施の形態2と同様である。
図7は、この発明の実施の形態4による冷凍サイクル装置を示す構成図である。実施の形態4による冷凍サイクル装置は、実施の形態1による冷凍サイクル装置と同様の構成の低元冷凍サイクル部に、高元冷凍サイクル部41を加えた二元冷凍サイクル装置となっている。低元冷凍サイクル部では低元冷媒が使用され、高元冷凍サイクル部41では高元冷媒が使用されている。この例では、高圧冷媒であるCO2が低元冷媒とされ、低元冷凍サイクル部の高圧側の圧力が超臨界圧以下とされている。
Claims (5)
- 圧縮機と、上記圧縮機からの冷媒を冷却する高圧側熱交換器と、上記高圧側熱交換器からの冷媒を減圧する主減圧装置とを有する熱源ユニット、
冷媒を蒸発させる低圧側熱交換器を有する冷却ユニット、
上記主減圧装置から上記低圧側熱交換器へ送られる冷媒を上記熱源ユニットと上記冷却ユニットとの間で導く第1の連絡管、及び
上記低圧側熱交換器から上記圧縮機へ送られる冷媒を上記熱源ユニットと上記冷却ユニットとの間で導く第2の連絡管
を備え、
上記主減圧装置は、上記第1の連絡管内の冷媒が気液二相状態となるように冷媒を減圧し、
上記第1の連絡管は、上記低圧側熱交換器での冷媒の飽和温度が上記低圧側熱交換器の利用蒸発温度を下回らない範囲で冷媒の圧力損失が生じる連絡管である冷凍サイクル装置。 - 上記冷却ユニットは、上記第1の連絡管からの冷媒を減圧して上記低圧側熱交換器へ送る冷却ユニット側減圧装置を有している請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 上記熱源ユニットは、上記高圧側熱交換器から出た液状の冷媒を溜める受液器を有し、
上記主減圧装置には、上記受液器に溜められた液状の冷媒が送られる請求項1又は請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 上記第1の連絡管の内径は、上記第1の連絡管での冷媒の圧力損失が一定値となるように上記第1の連絡管の長さに応じて設定され、
上記第1の連絡管の長さは、186m以下である請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 冷媒は、CO2、又は、CO2を含む混合冷媒である請求項1~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201380080569.7A CN105705882A (zh) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | 冷冻循环装置 |
GB1605957.8A GB2535051B (en) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
JP2015544639A JPWO2015063837A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
PCT/JP2013/079146 WO2015063837A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2013/079146 WO2015063837A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015063837A1 true WO2015063837A1 (ja) | 2015-05-07 |
Family
ID=53003488
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2013/079146 WO2015063837A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPWO2015063837A1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN105705882A (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2535051B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2015063837A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018062485A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷媒量の決定方法および冷媒量の決定装置 |
JP2020003154A (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-09 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | 空気調和機 |
CN111192317A (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-22 | 西安交通大学 | 微米尺度平面孔隙网络内气液驱替图像的饱和度获取方法 |
JP2022084919A (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-06-07 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | 空気調和機 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05332630A (ja) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-12-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 空気調和機 |
JPH0875290A (ja) * | 1994-09-06 | 1996-03-19 | Hitachi Ltd | ヒートポンプ式空調装置 |
JPH10160268A (ja) * | 1996-11-25 | 1998-06-19 | Hitachi Ltd | 空気調和機 |
JP2005226950A (ja) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-08-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 冷凍空調装置 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5627417B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-26 | 2014-11-19 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 二元冷凍装置 |
CN103250012B (zh) * | 2011-03-18 | 2016-02-17 | 东芝开利株式会社 | 二元制冷循环装置 |
-
2013
- 2013-10-28 JP JP2015544639A patent/JPWO2015063837A1/ja active Pending
- 2013-10-28 GB GB1605957.8A patent/GB2535051B/en active Active
- 2013-10-28 WO PCT/JP2013/079146 patent/WO2015063837A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-10-28 CN CN201380080569.7A patent/CN105705882A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05332630A (ja) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-12-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 空気調和機 |
JPH0875290A (ja) * | 1994-09-06 | 1996-03-19 | Hitachi Ltd | ヒートポンプ式空調装置 |
JPH10160268A (ja) * | 1996-11-25 | 1998-06-19 | Hitachi Ltd | 空気調和機 |
JP2005226950A (ja) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-08-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 冷凍空調装置 |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018062485A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷媒量の決定方法および冷媒量の決定装置 |
JPWO2018062485A1 (ja) * | 2016-09-30 | 2019-07-11 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷媒量の決定方法および冷媒量の決定装置 |
AU2017337372B2 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2020-03-05 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Refrigerant-amount determining method and refrigerant-amount determining device |
AU2017337372B9 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2020-07-09 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Refrigerant-amount determining method and refrigerant-amount determining device |
JP2020003154A (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-09 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | 空気調和機 |
JP7067318B2 (ja) | 2018-06-29 | 2022-05-16 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | 空気調和機 |
JP2022084919A (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2022-06-07 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | 空気調和機 |
JP7268773B2 (ja) | 2018-06-29 | 2023-05-08 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | 空気調和機 |
CN111192317A (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-22 | 西安交通大学 | 微米尺度平面孔隙网络内气液驱替图像的饱和度获取方法 |
CN111192317B (zh) * | 2019-12-20 | 2022-04-22 | 西安交通大学 | 微米尺度平面孔隙网络内气液驱替图像的饱和度获取方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105705882A (zh) | 2016-06-22 |
JPWO2015063837A1 (ja) | 2017-03-09 |
GB2535051A (en) | 2016-08-10 |
GB2535051B (en) | 2020-03-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Arpagaus et al. | Multi-temperature heat pumps: A literature review | |
JP5627417B2 (ja) | 二元冷凍装置 | |
US9599395B2 (en) | Refrigerating apparatus | |
Bansal et al. | Cascade systems: past, present, and future | |
EP3203163B1 (en) | Refrigeration cycle device | |
WO2014181399A1 (ja) | 二元冷凍装置 | |
EP3070417A1 (en) | Refrigeration system | |
WO2014030236A1 (ja) | 冷凍装置 | |
WO2015063838A1 (ja) | 冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JP2000161805A (ja) | 冷凍装置 | |
JP6735744B2 (ja) | 冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JP5323023B2 (ja) | 冷凍装置 | |
WO2017221382A1 (ja) | 二元冷凍装置 | |
JP5990972B2 (ja) | 空気調和機 | |
JP5186949B2 (ja) | 冷凍装置 | |
JP2008134031A (ja) | 非共沸混合冷媒を用いた冷凍装置 | |
JP2013015264A (ja) | 空気調和装置 | |
WO2015063837A1 (ja) | 冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JP2011214753A (ja) | 冷凍装置 | |
JP2009300001A (ja) | 冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JP2018021730A (ja) | 冷凍サイクル装置 | |
JP5506638B2 (ja) | 冷凍装置 | |
JP2008267732A (ja) | 空気調和装置 | |
JP6091567B2 (ja) | 冷凍機及び冷凍装置 | |
KR102636893B1 (ko) | 냉장 시스템 및 방법 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 13896832 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2015544639 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 201605957 Country of ref document: GB Kind code of ref document: A Free format text: PCT FILING DATE = 20131028 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 13896832 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |