WO2015063838A1 - 冷凍サイクル装置 - Google Patents
冷凍サイクル装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015063838A1 WO2015063838A1 PCT/JP2013/079147 JP2013079147W WO2015063838A1 WO 2015063838 A1 WO2015063838 A1 WO 2015063838A1 JP 2013079147 W JP2013079147 W JP 2013079147W WO 2015063838 A1 WO2015063838 A1 WO 2015063838A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- pressure
- heat exchanger
- refrigeration cycle
- cycle apparatus
- Prior art date
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 220
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 78
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 32
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluoromethane Chemical compound FCF RWRIWBAIICGTTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010726 refrigerant oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
- F24F1/26—Refrigerant piping
- F24F1/32—Refrigerant piping for connecting the separate outdoor units to indoor units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
- F25B41/39—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in series, i.e. multi-stage expansion, on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D19/00—Arrangement or mounting of refrigeration units with respect to devices or objects to be refrigerated, e.g. infrared detectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/16—Receivers
Definitions
- This invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus used for applications such as freezing and refrigeration.
- a heat source unit having a compressor and a condenser and a cooling unit having an expansion valve and an evaporator are connected by a plurality of connecting pipes, and the refrigerant is circulated between the heat source unit and the cooling unit through the connecting pipes.
- refrigerators that can be made to operate. In such a conventional refrigerator, an attempt is made to use CO 2 which is a high-pressure refrigerant.
- a conventional refrigerator using such a high-pressure refrigerant the working pressure is high, so that the thickness of the connecting pipe increases, which not only increases the cost of the connecting pipe itself, but also allows the connecting pipe to be bent and connected. It becomes difficult, and the labor for installing the connecting piping on site is also increased.
- a cooling unit is often installed at a location away from the heat source unit. In many cases (for example, the total length of the connecting pipe is about 100 m).
- the material cost for constructing the connecting pipe on site is increased. For this reason, work time and construction costs for installing the refrigerator are increased.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is capable of reducing the labor of installation work at the site and avoiding a reduction in the proper operating range.
- the purpose is to obtain.
- a refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a heat source unit having a compressor that compresses refrigerant, a high-pressure side heat exchanger that cools refrigerant from the compressor, and a main decompression device that decompresses refrigerant from the high-pressure side heat exchanger.
- a cooling unit having a low pressure side heat exchanger for evaporating the refrigerant, a first communication pipe for guiding the refrigerant sent from the main pressure reducing device to the low pressure side heat exchanger between the heat source unit and the cooling unit, and low pressure side heat exchange
- a second connecting pipe that guides the refrigerant sent from the compressor to the compressor between the heat source unit and the cooling unit, and the first connecting pipe has a refrigerant saturation temperature in the low-pressure side heat exchanger and low-pressure side heat exchange.
- the pressure of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe can be lowered by the pressure reduction of the refrigerant by the main pressure reduction apparatus, so that the first communication pipe can be thinned, It is possible to reduce the labor of installing the refrigeration cycle apparatus on site.
- the refrigerant pressure loss in the first connecting pipe can be suppressed to a range in which the refrigerant saturation temperature in the low-pressure side heat exchanger does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the low-pressure side heat exchanger, Reduction of the operating range can be avoided.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus is connected between a heat source unit 1, a cooling unit 2 disposed away from the heat source unit 1, and the heat source unit 1 and the cooling unit 2.
- the first communication pipe 3 and the second communication pipe 4 that circulate the refrigerant between them.
- CO 2 which is a high-pressure refrigerant, is used as a refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle apparatus, and the pressure on the high-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle is set to be equal to or lower than the critical pressure of the refrigerant.
- the heat source unit 1 includes a compressor 11, a condenser (high pressure side heat exchanger) 12, and a main pressure reducing device (expansion valve) 13.
- the heat source unit 1 is provided with a plurality of connection pipes that connect the second communication pipe 4, the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the main decompression device 13, and the first communication pipe 3 in order.
- the cooling unit 2 includes an evaporator (low-pressure side heat exchanger) 14.
- the cooling unit 2 is provided with a plurality of connection pipes that connect the first communication pipe 3, the evaporator 14, and the second communication pipe 4 in order.
- the compressor 11 when the compressor 11 is driven, the refrigerant is compressed into the compressor 11, the condenser 12, the main decompression device 13, the first communication pipe 3, the evaporator 14, and the second communication pipe 4. In this order and return to the compressor 11.
- Compressor 11 compresses gaseous refrigerant.
- the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is sent to the condenser 12.
- the condenser 12 cools the gaseous refrigerant from the compressor 11 to form a liquid refrigerant.
- the condenser 12 cools and condenses the refrigerant by releasing heat from the gaseous refrigerant to a coolant (for example, air or water).
- the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 12 is sent to the main decompression device 13.
- the main decompressor 13 expands the liquid refrigerant from the condenser 12 to decompress the refrigerant.
- the main decompression device 13 is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- the main decompression device 13 is controlled by a control unit (not shown).
- the first communication pipe 3 guides the refrigerant sent from the main decompression device 13 to the evaporator 14 between the heat source unit 1 and the cooling unit 2.
- the evaporator 14 evaporates the refrigerant from the first communication pipe 3.
- the evaporator 14 is provided, for example, in a cooling container (for example, a cooling showcase) installed in a store such as a convenience store or a supermarket.
- the cooling container is cooled by evaporating the refrigerant in the evaporator 14.
- the second communication pipe 4 guides the refrigerant sent from the evaporator 14 to the compressor 11 between the heat source unit 1 and the cooling unit 2. In the second communication pipe 4, a gaseous refrigerant is guided.
- the first and second communication pipes 3 and 4 are provided downstream of the main decompression device 13 and upstream of the compressor 11. Accordingly, the first and second connecting pipes 3 and 4 are provided on the low pressure side in the refrigeration cycle.
- the main decompression device 13 depressurizes the refrigerant to a pressure equal to or lower than the design pressure of the first and second communication pipes 3 and 4.
- the design pressure of the first and second connecting pipes 3 and 4 is 4.15 MPa
- the main decompression device 13 decompresses the refrigerant to 4.15 MPa or less.
- the main decompression device 13 is provided not in the heat source unit 1 but in the cooling unit 2, and the refrigerant from the condenser 12 is the first After passing through the connecting pipe 3, it is sent to the main decompression device 13. That is, in the existing refrigeration cycle apparatus using the R410A refrigerant, the first communication pipe 3 is provided on the high pressure side in the refrigeration cycle.
- the design pressure of the first connecting pipe 3 of the existing refrigeration cycle apparatus shown in FIG. 2 using the R410A refrigerant is 4.15 MPa.
- the first decompression and the first The pressure of the refrigerant in the second communication pipes 3 and 4 can be set to be equal to or lower than the design pressure (that is, 4.15 MPa or lower) of the first communication pipe 3 of the existing refrigeration cycle apparatus. Therefore, the first and second connecting pipes 3 and 4 of the existing refrigeration cycle apparatus using the R410A refrigerant are connected to the first and third refrigeration cycle apparatuses according to the present embodiment using the high-pressure refrigerant (CO 2 ).
- the communication pipes 3 and 4 can be reused.
- the refrigerant discharged from the main decompression device 13 passes through the first connecting pipe 3, a pressure loss of the refrigerant occurs.
- the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 increases as the length of the first connecting pipe 3 increases, and increases as the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 3 decreases.
- the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is large, the refrigerant pressure greatly decreases due to the refrigerant passing through the first communication pipe 3, and the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 is May fall below the evaporation temperature desired to be used in the evaporator 14 (that is, the refrigeration cycle apparatus may not be properly operated).
- the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is within a range where the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14.
- the magnitude of the pressure loss is set. That is, the first connecting pipe 3 is a connecting pipe in which the refrigerant pressure loss occurs in a range in which the refrigerant saturation temperature in the evaporator 14 does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14.
- the magnitude of the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is set by adjusting the length and the inner diameter of the first communication pipe 3.
- the evaporation temperature used in the evaporator 14 is ⁇ 40 ° C. to 0 ° C. Accordingly, if the refrigerant pressure in the evaporator 14 is maintained so that the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 does not fall below ⁇ 40 ° C. (utilization evaporation temperature), the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be properly operated.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the refrigerant pressure loss in the first communication pipe 3 of FIG. 1 and the inner diameter of the first communication pipe 3.
- the maximum length of the first connecting pipe 3 is about 100 m.
- FIG. 3 shows the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the first connecting pipe 3 when the length of the first connecting pipe 3 is 100 m.
- the refrigerant pressure is reduced to 4.15 MPa (design pressure of the first connecting pipe 3) by the main decompression device 13, the length is 100 m.
- the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 3 for maintaining the outlet pressure of one connecting pipe 3 at 0.90 MPa (pressure of the refrigerant corresponding to the vapor temperature ⁇ 40 ° C.) or higher is 10.3 mm or more from FIG. .
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the refrigerant pressure loss in the first communication pipe 3 of FIG. 1 and the length of the first communication pipe 3.
- the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 3 is 12.7 mm.
- FIG. 4 shows each of the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the first connecting pipe 3 when the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 3 is 12.7 mm.
- the refrigerant pressure is reduced to 4.15 MPa (design pressure of the first connecting pipe 3) by the main decompression device 13, for example, the inner diameter is 12.7 mm.
- the length of the first connecting pipe 3 for keeping the outlet pressure of the first connecting pipe 3 at 0.90 MPa (pressure of the refrigerant corresponding to the evaporation temperature ⁇ 40 ° C.) or more is 142 m or less from FIG. .
- the inner diameter of the first communication pipe 3 is 10.3 mm or more, or the length of the first communication pipe 3 is 142 m or less.
- the length of the 1st connecting pipe 3 should just be 0 m or more from the pressure loss of a refrigerant
- the upper limit of the inner diameter of the first communication pipe 3 is a size that fits in the piping installation space, or a size that provides a refrigerant flow rate that allows non-compatible refrigerant oil to flow.
- the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is in a gas-liquid two-phase state.
- the lower the dryness of the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant the closer the refrigerant approaches the liquid single phase, and thus the pressure loss of the refrigerant becomes smaller.
- the dryness of the refrigerant increases as the pressure of the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant decreases.
- the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 is within a range equal to or lower than the design pressure of the first connecting pipe 3.
- the decompression width of the refrigerant is adjusted by the main decompression device 13 so that the pressure of the refrigerant becomes as high as possible. That is, in this example, the refrigerant is decompressed by the main decompression device 13 so that the inlet pressure of the first communication pipe 3 becomes the design pressure of the first communication pipe 3.
- the pressure of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 can be lowered by the pressure reduction of the refrigerant by the main pressure reduction apparatus 13, so the design of the pressure resistance performance of the first communication pipe 3 is lowered. be able to.
- the connecting pipe of the refrigeration cycle apparatus using a normal refrigerant for example, R410A
- a high-pressure refrigerant for example, CO 2
- the connecting pipe of an existing refrigeration cycle apparatus that uses a normal refrigerant is modified to a refrigeration cycle apparatus that uses a high-pressure refrigerant
- the connecting pipe of the existing refrigeration cycle apparatus can be reused as it is.
- the thickness of the first connecting pipe 3 can be reduced due to a decrease in the pressure in the first connecting pipe 3, so that the first connecting pipe 3 can be easily bent and connected, and the labor for installing the refrigeration cycle apparatus on site can be reduced.
- the refrigerant pressure loss in the first connecting pipe 3 is suppressed in a range where the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14, the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14 is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant from being properly evaporated, and avoid the reduction of the proper operation range of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- the internal diameter of the 1st connecting pipe 3 is 10.3 mm or more, or the length of the 1st connecting pipe 3 is 142 m or less, the pressure loss of the refrigerant
- the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle is equal to or lower than the critical pressure of the refrigerant, but the operation is performed in a supercritical region where the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle is higher than the critical pressure of the refrigerant. May be.
- Embodiment 2 the refrigerant from the first communication pipe 3 is sent to the evaporator 14 as it is.
- a flow rate control unit 21 is provided between the first communication pipe 3 and the evaporator 14 to provide the first communication. You may make it control the superheat degree of the refrigerant
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the cooling unit 2 further includes a flow rate control unit (cooling unit side pressure reducing device) 21.
- the flow rate control unit 21 is provided in a connection pipe that connects the first communication pipe 3 and the evaporator 14. Further, the flow rate control unit 21 depressurizes the refrigerant from the first communication pipe 3 and sends it to the evaporator 14.
- the flow control unit 21 is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- the flow rate control unit 21 is controlled by a control unit (not shown).
- the evaporator 14 evaporates the refrigerant decompressed by the flow rate control unit 21.
- the degree of superheat of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator 14 is controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant by the flow rate control unit 21. For example, after the refrigerant is decompressed by the main decompression device 13 and the pressure of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is set to 4.15 MPa (design pressure of the first communication pipe 3), the flow rate control unit 21 The flow rate is adjusted, and the degree of superheat of the refrigerant coming out of the outlet of the evaporator 14 is set to 5 ° C. to 10 ° C. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the cooling unit 2 since the cooling unit 2 includes the flow rate control unit 21 that decompresses the refrigerant from the first communication pipe 3 and sends it to the evaporator 14, the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 And the evaporation temperature in the evaporator 14 can be controlled more reliably. Accordingly, the refrigerant can be sufficiently evaporated in the evaporator 14 while more reliably suppressing an increase in the pressure loss of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3, and the cooling performance in the evaporator 14 is improved. be able to. Therefore, the gasification of the refrigerant returning from the evaporator 14 to the compressor 11 can be more reliably performed, and the failure of the compressor 11 due to the liquid refrigerant returning to the compressor 11 can be avoided.
- the pressure reduction adjustment range of the refrigerant by the flow rate control unit 21 of the cooling unit 2 is about 0.3 MPa or less. Therefore, the maximum value of the refrigerant pressure in the first communication pipe 3 can be set to a pressure higher by 0.3 MPa than the evaporation pressure. For this reason, the pressure of the refrigerant
- coolant in the 1st connecting pipe 3 can be raised within the range of a design pressure, and the increase in the pressure loss of the 1st connecting pipe 3 is achieved, aiming at thickness reduction of the 1st connecting pipe 3. Can be suppressed.
- the upper limit of the refrigerant pressure in the first connecting pipe 3 is the design pressure of 4.15 MPa
- the upper limit of the evaporation pressure is 3.85 MPa
- the evaporation temperature corresponding to the evaporation pressure of 3.85 MPa is 5 It becomes °C.
- the evaporation temperature of the refrigeration cycle apparatus is ⁇ 40 ° C. to 0 ° C., so that the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 can be ensured to be equal to or higher than the use evaporation temperature, and the appropriate operating range of the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be reduced. It can be avoided.
- a plurality of cooling units 2 may be connected in parallel to the common first connecting pipe 3, and the refrigerant may be sent from the common first connecting pipe 3 to each cooling unit 2.
- main decompression of the refrigerant is performed by the main decompression device 13 of the heat source unit 1 so that the pressure of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is equal to or lower than the design pressure (4.15 MPa).
- the distribution of the refrigerant flow rate to each evaporator 14 is performed by each flow rate control unit 21 according to the refrigeration capacity of each cooling unit 2.
- the flow rate control unit 21 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant to each evaporator 14 so that the evaporation temperature in each evaporator 14 becomes the use temperature. If it does in this way, while suppressing the increase in the pressure loss of the refrigerant
- coolant can fully evaporate in each cooling unit 2, and the cooling performance in each cooling unit is improved. Improvements can be made.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the heat source unit 1 further includes an internal heat exchanger 31.
- the internal heat exchanger 31 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant sent from the second communication pipe 4 to the compressor 11 and the refrigerant sent from the condenser 12 to the main decompression device 13. That is, the internal heat exchanger 31 performs heat exchange between the gaseous refrigerant sucked into the compressor 11 and the liquid refrigerant that has exited from the outlet of the condenser 12.
- heat is released from the refrigerant sent from the condenser 12 to the main pressure reducing device 13 to the refrigerant sent from the second communication pipe 4 to the compressor 11.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
- an internal heat exchanger 31 that performs heat exchange between the refrigerant sent from the second communication pipe 4 to the compressor 11 and the refrigerant sent from the condenser 12 to the main decompression device 13. Since it is included in the heat source unit 1, the degree of supercooling of the liquid refrigerant entering the main decompression device 13 can be increased, and the degree of dryness of the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 can be reduced.
- coolant in the 1st connection pipe 3 can be suppressed, and the 1st connection pipe
- FIG. The outlet pressure can be ensured. Thereby, proper operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be performed more reliably.
- the internal heat exchanger 31 is applied to the heat source unit 1 of the second embodiment.
- the internal heat exchanger 31 may be applied to the heat source unit 1 of the first embodiment.
- FIG. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the heat source unit 1 further includes a bypass circuit 41 and a bypass heat exchanger 42.
- the bypass circuit 41 includes a bypass decompression device 43 that decompresses a part of the refrigerant from the condenser 12 to the main decompression device 13, and a bypass pipe 44 that sends the refrigerant decompressed by the bypass decompression device 43 to the suction port of the compressor 11.
- the bypass pressure reducing device 43 is an electric expansion valve capable of adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant.
- the bypass heat exchanger 42 performs heat exchange between the refrigerant sent from the condenser 12 to the main decompression device 13 and the refrigerant decompressed by the bypass decompression device 43. That is, the bypass heat exchanger 42 performs heat exchange between the liquid refrigerant that has exited from the outlet of the condenser 12 and the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has exited from the bypass pressure reducing device 43. In the bypass heat exchanger 42, heat is released from the refrigerant sent from the condenser 12 to the main decompression device 13 to the refrigerant decompressed by the bypass decompression device 43.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
- the heat source unit 1 includes a bypass heat exchanger 42 that exchanges heat between the refrigerant sent from the condenser 12 to the main decompression device 13 and the refrigerant decompressed by the bypass decompression device 43. Therefore, the degree of supercooling of the liquid refrigerant entering the main decompression device 13 can be increased, and the degree of dryness of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 can be reduced. Thereby, the pressure loss of the refrigerant
- bypass circuit 41 and the bypass heat exchanger 42 are applied to the heat source unit 1 of the second embodiment.
- bypass circuit 41 and the bypass heat exchanger are added to the heat source unit 1 of the first embodiment. 42 may be applied.
- the internal heat exchanger 31 according to the third embodiment may be applied to the heat source unit 1 according to the fourth embodiment. That is, any of the internal heat exchanger 31 according to the third embodiment, the bypass circuit 41 and the bypass heat exchanger 42 according to the fourth embodiment may be applied to the heat source unit 1 according to the first or second embodiment.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
- the heat source unit 1 further includes a liquid receiver 51.
- the liquid receiver 51 stores the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser 12. Thereby, the outlet of the liquid receiver 51 is in a saturated liquid state of the refrigerant.
- the liquid refrigerant stored in the liquid receiver 51 is sent to the main decompression device 13.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.
- the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser 12 is stored in the receiver 51, and the liquid refrigerant stored in the receiver 51 is sent to the main decompressor 13, so the main decompressor It is possible to prevent the refrigerant sent to 13 from entering a gas-liquid two-phase state. Thereby, the dryness of the refrigerant
- the outlet pressure of the first connecting pipe 3 can be secured so that the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14, and more appropriate operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus can be achieved. It can be done reliably.
- the design pressure of the first connecting pipe 3 is not limited to 4.15 MPa, and the design pressure (that is, 2.94 MPa) on the high pressure side of the refrigeration cycle apparatus using the R404A refrigerant is set to the first connecting pipe 3. It is good also as design pressure.
- the inner diameter of the first connecting pipe 3 is set to 11.0 mm or less, or the length of the first connecting pipe 3 is set to 275 m or less.
- the magnitude of the refrigerant pressure loss in the first connecting pipe 3 is set in a range where the saturation temperature of the refrigerant in the evaporator 14 does not fall below the use evaporation temperature of the evaporator 14.
- the 1st detector which detects the temperature or pressure of a refrigerant
- the main decompression device 13 may be controlled by the control unit based on the pressure of the refrigerant in the communication pipe 3.
- a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant is provided in the first communication pipe 3, and the pressure of the refrigerant in the first communication pipe 3 is obtained from the information of the pressure sensor.
- a temperature sensor (first detector) for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant is provided in the evaporator 14, and the pressure of the refrigerant in the first connecting pipe 3 is obtained from the temperature information of the evaporator 14 by the temperature sensor. Can do.
- a temperature sensor (first detector) for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant is provided in the first communication pipe 3, and the first communication pipe 3 uses the temperature information of the first communication pipe 3 by the temperature sensor. The pressure of the refrigerant can also be obtained. In this way, the refrigerant pressure in the first connecting pipe 3 can be adjusted more accurately.
- a second detector pressure sensor or temperature sensor
- the flow rate control unit 21 may be controlled by the control unit based on the refrigerant pressure at the 14 outlets. If it does in this way, adjustment of the superheat degree of the refrigerant in the exit of evaporator 14 can be performed more correctly.
- the number of cooling units 2 is not limited to one, and the number of cooling units 2 may be plural. Furthermore, the number of heat source units 1 may be plural. When the number of the heat source units 1 is plural, the refrigerant from each of the main pressure reducing devices 13 of each heat source unit 1 is guided by the common first communication pipe 3 and sent to the cooling unit 2.
- the CO 2 is used a high-pressure refrigerant as a refrigerant for a refrigeration cycle apparatus
- a refrigerant other than the CO 2 high-pressure side of the refrigeration cycle is operated in a supercritical region (e.g., R32, etc.
- Chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant, mixed refrigerant containing any of CO 2 and R 32, ethylene, ethane, nitrogen oxide, etc. may be used as the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle apparatus.
- refrigeration cycle apparatus according to each of the above embodiments can be applied to various cooling apparatuses, refrigeration apparatuses, and the like in addition to the cooling showcase installed in the store.
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1による冷凍サイクル装置を示す構成図である。図において、冷凍サイクル装置は、熱源ユニット1と、熱源ユニット1から離して配置された冷却ユニット2と、熱源ユニット1と冷却ユニット2との間にそれぞれ接続され、熱源ユニット1と冷却ユニット2との間で冷媒を循環させる第1の連絡管3及び第2の連絡管4とを有している。この例では、高圧冷媒であるCO2が冷凍サイクル装置の冷媒として使用され、冷凍サイクルの高圧側の圧力が冷媒の臨界圧以下とされている。
実施の形態1では、第1の連絡管3からの冷媒がそのまま蒸発器14へ送られるが、第1の連絡管3と蒸発器14との間に流量制御部21を設け、第1の連絡管3からの冷媒の流量を流量制御部21で調整した後に冷媒を蒸発器14へ送ることにより、蒸発器14の出口から出る冷媒の過熱度を制御するようにしてもよい。
図6は、この発明の実施の形態3による冷凍サイクル装置を示す構成図である。熱源ユニット1は、内部熱交換器31をさらに有している。内部熱交換器31は、第2の連絡管4から圧縮機11へ送られる冷媒と、凝縮器12から主減圧装置13へ送られる冷媒との間で熱交換を行う。即ち、内部熱交換器31は、圧縮機11へ吸入されるガス状の冷媒と、凝縮器12の出口から出た液状の冷媒との間で熱交換を行う。内部熱交換器31では、凝縮器12から主減圧装置13へ送られる冷媒から、第2の連絡管4から圧縮機11へ送られる冷媒へ熱が放出される。他の構成は実施の形態2と同様である。
図7は、この発明の実施の形態4による冷凍サイクル装置を示す構成図である。熱源ユニット1は、バイパス回路41と、バイパス熱交換器42とをさらに有している。
図8は、この発明の実施の形態5による冷凍サイクル装置を示す構成図である。熱源ユニット1は、受液器51をさらに有している。受液器51は、凝縮器12から出た液状の冷媒を溜める。これにより、受液器51の出口は、冷媒の飽和液状態となっている。主減圧装置13には、受液器51に溜められた液状の冷媒が送られる。他の構成は実施の形態2と同様である。
Claims (7)
- 冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、上記圧縮機からの冷媒を冷却する高圧側熱交換器と、上記高圧側熱交換器からの冷媒を減圧する主減圧装置とを有する熱源ユニット、
冷媒を蒸発させる低圧側熱交換器を有する冷却ユニット、
上記主減圧装置から上記低圧側熱交換器へ送られる冷媒を上記熱源ユニットと上記冷却ユニットとの間で導く第1の連絡管、及び
上記低圧側熱交換器から上記圧縮機へ送られる冷媒を上記熱源ユニットと上記冷却ユニットとの間で導く第2の連絡管
を備え、
上記第1の連絡管は、上記低圧側熱交換器での冷媒の飽和温度が上記低圧側熱交換器の利用蒸発温度を下回らない範囲で冷媒の圧力損失が生じる連絡管である冷凍サイクル装置。 - 上記冷却ユニットは、上記第1の連絡管からの冷媒を減圧して上記低圧側熱交換器へ送る冷却ユニット側減圧装置を有している請求項1に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 上記熱源ユニットは、上記第2の連絡管から上記圧縮機へ送られる冷媒と、上記高圧側熱交換器から上記主減圧装置へ送られる冷媒との間で熱交換を行う内部熱交換器を有している請求項1又は請求項2に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 上記熱源ユニットは、上記高圧側熱交換器から上記主減圧装置への冷媒の一部を減圧するバイパス減圧装置を含み上記バイパス減圧装置で減圧された冷媒を上記圧縮機へ送るバイパス回路と、上記バイパス減圧装置で減圧された冷媒と上記高圧側熱交換器から上記主減圧装置へ送られる冷媒との間で熱交換を行うバイパス熱交換器とを有している請求項1~請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 上記高圧側熱交換器から出た液状の冷媒を溜める受液器を有し、
上記主減圧装置には、上記受液器に溜められた液状の冷媒が送られる請求項1~請求項4に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。 - 上記第1の連絡管の内径が10.3mm以上であるか、又は上記第1の連絡管の長さが142m以下である請求項1~請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
- 冷媒は、CO2、R32、又は、CO2及びR32のいずれかを含む混合冷媒である請求項1~請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。
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JP2015544640A JPWO2015063838A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 | 2013-10-28 | 冷凍サイクル装置 |
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JP2017145975A (ja) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-08-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍サイクル装置、冷凍サイクル装置の製造方法、冷凍サイクル装置のドロップイン方法、及び、冷凍サイクル装置のリプレース方法 |
WO2019106764A1 (ja) * | 2017-11-29 | 2019-06-06 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 冷凍装置および室外機 |
WO2020208752A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 室外ユニット、冷凍サイクル装置および冷凍機 |
WO2021192292A1 (ja) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-09-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 室外ユニットおよび冷凍サイクル装置 |
WO2023068188A1 (ja) * | 2021-10-22 | 2023-04-27 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 空気調和機 |
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