Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
  • C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
  • C08K5/1515—Three-membered rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
  • C11D17/049—Cleaning or scouring pads; Wipes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
  • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
  • D01F6/625—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters derived from hydroxy-carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
  • D04H1/435—Polyesters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
  • D10B2331/041—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET] derived from hydroxy-carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/13—Physical properties anti-allergenic or anti-bacterial
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2509/00—Medical; Hygiene

Definitions

• Aliphatic polyesters from renewable resources have found increasing application in materials because of their biodegradability and compostability, such as poly(lactic acid); however, such materials may not have suitable shelf-life stability for certain applications, particularly in environments of high moisture content due to degradation from hydrolysis.
• reactive additives are commonly used to crosslink terminal -OH and/or -CO 2 H groups as one of the approaches. This may significantly change the molecular weight of the original aliphatic polyester, which may affect its processibility and properties.
• hydrolytic stabilization of aliphatic polyesters without reaction between the stabilizer and the aliphatic polyesters.
• the present disclosure provides fibers, which can be used for making wipes such as wet wipes for cleaning and/or disinfecting (e.g., antimicrobial wipes).
• the fibers include aliphatic polyesters and one or more additives that improve the hydrolytic stability of the fibers.
• the present disclosure provides a fiber that includes: an aliphatic polyester; and an unreacted epoxidized fatty ester having greater than 4.7 wt-% oxirane oxygen, based on the total weight of the epoxidized fatty ester; wherein the aliphatic polyester and epoxidized fatty ester form a mixture; and wherein the unreacted epoxidized fatty ester is present in an amount of at least 0.5 wt-%, based on the total weight of the mixture (i.e., the aliphatic polyester, epoxidized fatty ester, and shrink reduction additive (if present), and other optional additives).
• the present disclosure provides a wet wipe that includes: a web of fibers (i.e., a fibrous web) as described herein; and an aqueous composition in contact with the web of fibers, wherein the aqueous composition includes water and a surfactant and/or a biocide (dissolved or dispersed in the water).
• the aqueous composition may also include one or more organic solvents, such as alcohols (e.g., isopropanol), along with the water.
• the present disclosure provides a wet wipe that includes: a fibrous web including fibers that include: an aliphatic polyester; and an unreacted epoxidized fatty ester having greater than 4.7 wt-% oxirane oxygen, based on the total weight of the epoxidized fatty ester; wherein the aliphatic polyester and epoxidized fatty ester form a mixture; and wherein the unreacted epoxidized fatty ester is present in an amount of at least 0.5 wt-%, based on the total weight of the mixture; and an aqueous composition contacting the fibrous web, wherein the aqueous composition includes: water; and a surfactant and/or a biocide (dissolved or dispersed in the water).
• the aqueous composition includes a surfactant, wherein the wet wipe is a cleaning wipe.
• the aqueous composition includes a biocide, wherein the wet wipe is a disinfecting wipe.
• the aqueous composition includes a biocide and a surfactant, wherein the wet wipe is a cleaning/disinfecting wipe.
• the present disclosure provides fibers (e.g., fibers for use in making wipes such as wet wipes), and methods of making the fibers.
• the wet wipes made from the fibers can be used as cleaning and/or disinfecting wipes (e.g., antimicrobial wipes such as antiviral and/or antibacterial and/or antifungal wipes).
• cleaning and/or disinfecting wipes e.g., antimicrobial wipes such as antiviral and/or antibacterial and/or antifungal wipes.
• wet wipes of the present disclosure have advantageous shelf-life stability.
• the present disclosure provides a process for improving the hydrolytic stability of fibers that include an aliphatic polyester.
• the method includes: mixing components that include an aliphatic polyester with an unreacted epoxidized fatty ester, and an optional shrink reduction additive; wherein the unreacted epoxidized fatty ester has at least 4.7 wt-% oxirane oxygen, based on the total weight of the epoxidized fatty ester; and wherein the unreacted epoxidized fatty ester is present in an amount of at least 0.5 wt-%, based on the total weight of the mixture (e.g., aliphatic polyester, epoxidized fatty ester, and shrink reduction additive (if present)); and forming fibers out of the mixture.
• the mixture e.g., aliphatic polyester, epoxidized fatty ester, and shrink reduction additive (if present)
• the fibers are continuous fibers that form a web (i.e., a network of entangled fibers forming a sheet like or fabric like structure), particularly a nonwoven web (i.e., an assembly of polymeric fibers (oriented in one direction or in a random manner) held together by mechanical interlocking, fusing of thermoplastic fibers, bonding with a suitable binder such as a natural or synthetic polymeric resin, or a combination thereof).
• a web i.e., a network of entangled fibers forming a sheet like or fabric like structure
• a nonwoven web i.e., an assembly of polymeric fibers (oriented in one direction or in a random manner) held together by mechanical interlocking, fusing of thermoplastic fibers, bonding with a suitable binder such as a natural or synthetic polymeric resin, or a combination thereof.
• improvement in dimensional stability means that a web made of fibers of the present disclosure has at least one dimension which shrinks by no greater than 10% (preferably, no greater then 5%) in the plane of the web when the web is heated to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of the fibers, but below the melting point of the fibers in an unrestrained (i.e., free to move) condition, as compared to a web made of fibers of the same aliphatic polyester without such additives.
• compositions of the present disclosure may have shrinkage problems since epoxidized fatty esters, such as epoxidized vegetable oils, are well known as plasticizers that can significantly reduce the crystallinity of an aliphatic polyester.
• shrinkage reduction additive can thus provide a balance of properties by providing a reduction in shrinkage.
• reduction in shrinkage means a demonstration of greater than 5% decrease in shrinkage compared to a web made of fibers of the same aliphatic polyester and epoxidized fatty ester combination without such shrink reduction additive.
• Exemplary aliphatic polyesters are poly(lactic acid), poly(glycolic acid), poly(lactic-co- glycolic acid), polybutylene succinate, polyethylene adipate, polyhydroxybutyrate,
• R is an alkylene moiety that may be linear or branched having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and n is a number such that the ester is polymeric, and is preferably a number such that the molecular weight of the aliphatic polyester is at least 8,000 daltons (Da).
• Useful poly(hydroxyalkanoates) include, for example, homo- and copolymers of poly(3- hydroxybutyrate), poly( 4-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(lactic acid) (as known as polylactide), poly(3-hydroxypropanoate), poly(4-hydroxypentanoate), poly(3- hydroxypentanoate), poly(3-hydroxyhexanoate), poly(3-hydroxyheptanoate), poly(3- hydroxyoctanoate), polydioxanone, polycaprolactone, and polyglycolic acid (i.e., polyglycolide).
• polyglycolic acid i.e., polyglycolide
• Copolymers of two or more of the above hydroxy acids may also be used, for example, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxypropanoate), poly(glycolide-co-dioxanone), and poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid).
• Another useful class of aliphatic polyesters includes those aliphatic polyesters derived from the reaction product of one or more alkanediols with one or more alkanedicarboxylic acids (or acyl derivatives). Such polyesters have the general Formula (II):
• R' and R" may further include one or more catemary (i.e., in chain) ether oxygen atoms.
• aliphatic polyesters include those homo-and co-polymers derived from (a) one or more of the following diacids (or derivative thereof): succinic acid; adipic acid; 1,12 dicarboxydodecane; fumaric acid; glutartic acid; diglycolic acid; and maleic acid; and (b) one of more of the following diols: ethylene glycol; 30 polyethylene glycol; 1,2-propane diol; 1,3— propanediol; 1 ,2-propanediol; 1 ,2- butanediol; 1,3-butanediol; 1 ,4-butanediol; 2,3-butanediol; 1,6- hexanediol; 1,2-alkane diols having 5 to 12 carbon atoms; di
• Such polymers may include polybutylene succinate homopolymer, polybutylene adipate homopolymer, polybutylene adipate-succinate copolymer, polyethylene succinate-adipate copolymer, polyethylene glycol succinate homopolymer and polyethylene adipate homopolymer.
• Poly(lactide)s may be prepared as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 6, 1 1 1,060 (Gruber, et al.), 5,997,568 (Liu), 4,744,365 (Kaplan et al.), 5,475,063 (Kaplan et al.), 6,143,863 (Gruber et al.), 6,093,792 (Gross et al.), 6,075,1 18 (Wang et al.), 5,952,433 (Wang et al.), 6, 1 17,928 (Hiltunen et al.), 5,883,199 (McCarthy et al.), and International Publication Nos.
• the molecular weight of the polymer should be chosen so that the polymer may be processed as a melt.
• melt-processible it is meant that the aliphatic polyesters are fluid or can be pumped or extruded at the temperatures used to process the fibers, and do not degrade or gel at those temperatures to the extent that the physical properties are so poor as to be unusable for the intended application.
• melt processes such as spun bond, blown microfiber, and the like. Certain embodiments also may be injection molded.
• the "shrink reduction” or “antishrink” or “antishrinkage” additive refers to a thermoplastic polymeric additive which, when added to the aliphatic polyester in a suitable amount during thermal process formation of a uniform fibrous web, results in a web having at least one dimension which shrinks by no greater than 10% in the plane of the web when the web is heated to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of the fibers, but below the melting point of the fibers in an unrestrained (free to move) state, when compared to a web made in the same way with the same components without the shrink reduction additive.
• the wet wipe also includes an aqueous composition that includes water and a surfactant and/or a biocide.
• the aqueous composition can have a pH of 1 to 14.
• the aqueous composition includes at least 0.01 wt-%, or at least 0.05 wt-%, surfactant and/or biocide, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition.
• the aqueous composition includes up to 0.5 wt-%, surfactant and/or biocide, based on the total weight of the aqueous composition.
• Exemplary cationic surfactants include aminoamide, quaternary ammonium salt, aminoamides (e.g., stearamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate), and quaternary ammonium salts (e.g., cetyl ammonium chloride, lauryl ammonium chloride, and ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride).
• aminoamide e.g., stearamidopropyl ethyldimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate
• quaternary ammonium salts e.g., cetyl ammonium chloride, lauryl ammonium chloride, and ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride.
• a surfactant and/or a biocide dissolved or dispersed in the water.
• the wet wipe of any of embodiments 27 through 30 wherein the aqueous composition comprises a biocide, wherein the wet wipe is a disinfecting wipe. 34.
• the wet wipe of any of embodiments 27 through 30 wherein the aqueous composition comprises a biocide and a surfactant, wherein the wet wipe is a cleaning/disinfecting wipe.
• Polypropylene 3860X, (PP), polypropylene homopolymer (melt index 100 grams/10 minutes) available from Total Petrochemicals, Houston, TX
• STEROTEX NF hydrogenated cottonseed oil with 0 wt-% oxirane oxygen (CAS No.68334-00-9), available from Abitec, Columbus, OH VIKOFLEX 7170, (VK-7170), epoxidized soybean oil with a minimum oxirane oxygen content of 7.0 wt-% , available from Arkema Inc., King of Prussia, PA
• Compounded pellets of PLA with additives such as epoxidized vegetable oils were produced using a 40 mm twin-screw extruder (Berstorff Ultra Glide laboratory extruder available from KraussMaffei Berstorff GmbH, Germany) by mixing pre-dried PLA 6202D resin with the additive at a melt temperature of 371°F (188°C) and then extruding at a rate of 60 lb/hour (27 kg/hour).
• the pre-drying of the PLA resin was accomplished in a Conair dryer with 130 °F (55°C) hot air at the flow rate of 45-55 CFM (1275-1550 liters per minute) and dew point of -34°F (- 37°C) for 15 hours.
• the compounded material was quenched in a water bath and pelletized using a Conair Model 304 Pelletizer available from Conair USA, Franklin, PA. The pellets were then immediately dried overnight in a Conair dryer at 170°F (77°C) with a dry air flow rate of 45-55 CFM (1275 -1550 liters per minute) and dew point of -34°F (-37°C).
• the attenuated PLA fibers are collected as an unbonded fiber mat on a conventional screen support using vacuum assistance, and the fiber mat then passes through a through-air bonder (TAB) at a temperature of 147°C in order to cause light autogeneous bonding between at least some of the fibers.
• TAB through-air bonder
• the web is subsequently treated by a typical hydroentangling/spunlacing process and then dried. This further bonds the fibers in the web and provides web softness.
• Solution 3 an aqueous disinfectant solution comprising 0.24 wt % CAPMUL 908P Propylene glycol monocaprylate (available from Abitec Corporation, Columbus, OH), 0.3 wt-% Citric acid (available from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), 0.3 wt-% Sorbic acid (available from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), 0.81 wt-% Propylene glycol (available from Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI), 0.49 wt-% NAXOLATE AS-LG-85 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (available from Nease Corporation, Blue Ash, OH), 0.13 wt-% Sodium hydroxide (20% solution, available from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), and 97.73 wt-% water. The pH of this solution was 4.5.
• the size of the nonwoven web samples that were tested was 1 inch (2.54 cm) x 3 inch (7.6 cm) (width x length), and the gap for the tensile measurement was 1/8 inch (0.32 cm). Measurements were in the machine direction (length direction of the test sample) unless indicated otherwise, at a rate of 14 inches per minute.
• the tensile strength in this experiment is defined as the maximum load when the nonwoven web is broken with 1 kg load, and is the average measurement of 8 replicate nonwoven web samples.
• the % tensile strength retention (i.e., % retention) was calculated by dividing the tensile strength after aging by the initial tensile strength and multiplying by 100.
• Epoxy Equivalent Weight (EEW) [1000 (SW)] ⁇ [(V)(N)]
• Example Control 1 6 9 10 Aging PLA PLA/ G-60 (95:5) PLA/ PLA/
• PLA spunbond nonwoven webs with epoxidized vegetable oil additives and PLA spunbond nonwoven webs with a hydrogenated cottonseed oil additive were prepared and tested as described for the examples above, except that Solution 2 (S2) was used to prepare the wet wipes and the samples were only aged at 158°F (70°C).
• S2 Solution 2
• PLA spunbond nonwoven webs with a hydrogenated cottonseed oil additive were prepared and tested as described above for Examples 1 1 - 15 and Comparative Example C3, except the wet wipes were prepared using Solution 3 (S3).
• the PLA spunbond nonwoven web compositions, tensile strength, and % retention data are provided in Tables 1 1 and 12. Control data for a PLA spunbond
• nonwoven web sample without any additive is also included in the Tables for comparison.
• PLA spunbond nonwoven webs that included a polypropylene anti-shrinkage additive in addition to an epoxidized soybean oil additive were prepared using the methods described above (AP was 9 psi). The dry basis weight of the webs was about 60 grams/meter 2 .
• Wet wipe samples were prepared using Solution 1 (SI) and were aged at 135°F and 158°F (57°C or 70°C). The PLA spunbond nonwoven web compositions, tensile strength, and % retention data are provided in
• PLA spunbond web samples that included a polypropylene anti-shrinkage additive in addition to an epoxidized soybean oil additive were prepared using the methods described above (AP was 12 psi). The dry basis weight of the webs was about 60 grams/meter 2 . Wet wipes were prepared using Solution 3 (S3) and were aged at 158°F (70°C). The PLA spunbond nonwoven web compositions, tensile strength, and % retention data are provided in Table 15. Control data for a PLA spunbond nonwoven web sample without any epoxidized soybean oil additive are also included in the Table for comparison.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Dentistry (AREA)
• Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
• Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
• Plant Pathology (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
• Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)

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• 2014
  • 2014-09-17 KR KR1020167010975A patent/KR20160062105A/ko not_active Withdrawn
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