WO2015029421A1 - Soupape d'intégration et système d'entraînement - Google Patents

Soupape d'intégration et système d'entraînement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015029421A1
WO2015029421A1 PCT/JP2014/004367 JP2014004367W WO2015029421A1 WO 2015029421 A1 WO2015029421 A1 WO 2015029421A1 JP 2014004367 W JP2014004367 W JP 2014004367W WO 2015029421 A1 WO2015029421 A1 WO 2015029421A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
liquid
refrigerant
side valve
phase
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PCT/JP2014/004367
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
伊藤　哲也
道夫 西川
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株式会社デンソー
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Publication of WO2015029421A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015029421A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/10—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit
    • F16K11/14—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle
    • F16K11/16—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle which only slides, or only turns, or only swings in one plane
    • F16K11/161—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with two or more closure members not moving as a unit operated by one actuating member, e.g. a handle which only slides, or only turns, or only swings in one plane only slides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/04—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only lift valves
    • F16K11/044—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only lift valves with movable valve members positioned between valve seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an integrated valve applied to a heat pump cycle that can be switched to a gas injection cycle, and a driving system for the integrated valve, and is suitable for a vehicle air conditioner.
  • high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from a compressor of a heat pump cycle is used as an air conditioner applied to a vehicle such as an electric vehicle in which it is difficult to secure a heat source for heating the passenger compartment.
  • Some heat sources heat the passenger compartment.
  • the refrigerant is decompressed in two stages between the radiator and the evaporator, and a gas injection cycle in which a part of the intermediate pressure refrigerant (gas phase refrigerant) is merged with the refrigerant in the compression process in the compressor (A economizer refrigeration cycle is known.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a heat pump cycle that switches from a normal cycle (one-stage compression cycle) to a gas injection cycle (two-stage compression cycle) during heating operation in order to improve the coefficient of performance (COP) of the cycle during heating operation. It is disclosed.
  • the heat pump cycle that can be switched to the gas injection cycle requires a gas-liquid separator that separates the gas-liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator, a switching unit that switches the refrigerant circuit, and the like, compared to a normal one-stage compression cycle. There is a problem that the cycle configuration becomes complicated.
  • Patent Document 1 in a heat pump cycle, a gas-liquid separator, a switching unit for switching a refrigerant circuit, and the like necessary for realizing a gas injection cycle are integrated as an integrated valve, thereby simplifying the cycle configuration. I am trying.
  • the present inventors investigated the cause of the above-mentioned problem, and as a result, revealed the cause of the problem. Hereinafter, this point will be described based on the components of the integrated valve.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration in which the integrated valve disclosed in Patent Document 1 is applied to a heat pump cycle that can be switched between a gas injection cycle and a normal cycle (hereinafter referred to as a study example).
  • the solid line arrow shown in FIG. 23 shows the flow of the refrigerant at the time of switching to the gas injection cycle during the heating operation
  • the broken line arrow shown in FIG. 23 is the one at the time of switching to the normal cycle (one-stage compression cycle) during the heating operation. The flow of the refrigerant is shown.
  • the heat pump cycle 100 of the examination example includes an intermediate pressure port 101c that compresses the refrigerant sucked from the suction port 101a and discharges it from the discharge port 101b, and flows the intermediate pressure refrigerant in the cycle into the refrigerant in the compression process.
  • a two-stage compression type compressor 101 is provided.
  • the radiator 102 From the upstream side to the discharge port 101b side of the compressor 101, the radiator 102, the decompression device 103, the integrated valve 104, the outdoor heat exchanger 105 functioning as an evaporator, and the gas-liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 105
  • separate are connected.
  • the integrated valve 104 selectively opens and closes the gas-phase refrigerant passage 104c and the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 104d in the body 104a in which the gas-liquid separation space 104b for separating the gas-liquid refrigerant flowing out from the decompression device 103 is formed.
  • the valve body 104e and the fixed throttle 104f are accommodated.
  • the valve body 104e is connected to the electric actuator 104h via the rod 104g.
  • the gas-phase refrigerant passage 104c communicates with the intermediate pressure port 101c of the compressor 101 via the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 107.
  • valve element 104e of the integrated valve 104 is set to a position where the gas-phase refrigerant passage 104c is closed and the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 104d is opened by the electric actuator 104h.
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 104d is open, all of the refrigerant that has flowed out of the gas-liquid separation space 104b flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 105 that functions as an evaporator via the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 104d.
  • the position of the valve body 104e is set to a position where the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 104d is closed and the gas-phase refrigerant passage 104c is opened by the electric actuator 104h.
  • the time until the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the cycle increases is shorter than the time until the pressure difference before and after the fixed throttle 104f expands to a level at which all the liquid-phase refrigerant can flow through the fixed throttle 104f.
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant cannot completely flow through the fixed throttle 104f, and the liquid-phase refrigerant that cannot flow through the fixed throttle 104f is a gas-phase refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant flows out to the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 107 via the gas-phase refrigerant passage 104c.
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant flows into the compressor 101 through the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 107.
  • Such a problem is not limited to when the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump cycle 100 is switched.
  • the same problem occurs even when the load state of the compressor 101 rapidly increases in the gas injection cycle. That is, in the transition period when the load state of the compressor 101 shifts to a high load state, the flow rate of the refrigerant passing through the fixed throttle 104f increases rapidly, and the refrigerant pressure after passing through the fixed throttle 104f rapidly decreases. So that the cycle is balanced. This is because, similarly to the switching of the refrigerant circuit in the heat pump cycle 100, forming (boiling, bumping) occurs in the accumulator 106, and the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the cycle increases.
  • the present disclosure is an integrated valve capable of simplifying the cycle configuration of the heat pump cycle while suppressing liquid phase refrigerant from flowing into the compressor via the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage, and
  • An object is to provide such a drive system.
  • the present disclosure is directed to an integrated valve applied to a heat pump cycle that can be switched to a gas injection cycle, and a drive system thereof.
  • An integrated valve includes a refrigerant inlet that allows a refrigerant discharged from a compressor of a heat pump cycle to flow in, a gas-liquid separation space that separates the gas and liquid of the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant inlet, and an intermediate pressure refrigerant passage
  • a gas-phase side outlet through which the gas-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space flows out to the intermediate suction port side of the compressor, and a liquid phase from which the liquid-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space flows out A body in which a side outlet is formed, a gas phase side valve body for changing the opening degree of a gas phase refrigerant passage from the gas-liquid separation space to the gas phase side outlet, and a liquid phase side outlet from the gas-liquid separation space
  • a liquid-phase side valve element that changes the passage opening degree of the liquid-phase refrigerant path leading to the drive, a drive device that displaces both the gas-phase side valve element and the liquid
  • the driving device When the driving device displaces the gas-phase side valve element to the fully-closed position that closes the gas-phase refrigerant passage, the driving device is configured to displace the liquid-phase side valve element to the fully-open position where the opening degree of the liquid-phase refrigerant passage is fully opened.
  • the liquid phase side valve element When the liquid phase side valve element is displaced to the fully closed position that closes the liquid phase refrigerant passage, the gas phase refrigerant passage is fully open, and the gas phase refrigerant passage is open. Can be displaced to a position smaller than the fully open state.
  • the fixed throttle, the liquid phase side valve element, and the gas phase side valve element are accommodated and integrated in the body, and the liquid phase refrigerant side valve element and the gas phase side valve element are integrated into a single drive device.
  • the heat pump cycle that can be switched to the gas injection cycle can be realized with a simple cycle configuration.
  • all the refrigerant that has flowed out of the gas-liquid separation space flows out of the liquid-phase side outlet by setting the passage opening of the liquid-phase refrigerant passage to a fully open state with the gas-phase refrigerant passage closed.
  • the refrigerant circuit can be switched to.
  • the opening degree of the gas-phase refrigerant passage is set to a fully open state with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage closed, the liquid-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space is decompressed with a fixed throttle, It is possible to switch to a refrigerant circuit that causes the gas-phase refrigerant flowing out from the separation space to flow out to the intermediate suction port side of the compressor.
  • the passage opening of the gas phase refrigerant passage can be set to a passage opening smaller than the fully open state.
  • the gas-phase refrigerant passage is compressed through the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage by setting the passage opening of the gas-phase refrigerant passage to a passage opening smaller than the fully opened state. It is possible to suppress the liquid refrigerant from flowing into the intermediate suction port side of the machine. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a malfunction of the compressor due to the inflow of the liquid phase refrigerant.
  • the “passage opening” indicates the degree of opening of the refrigerant passage. The larger the passage opening, the closer the refrigerant passage is to the fully open state, and the smaller the passage opening, the more the refrigerant passages are fully closed. It will approach.
  • the “position where the opening degree of the gas-phase refrigerant passage is smaller than the fully opened state” includes not only the position where the gas-phase refrigerant passage is opened but also the position where the gas-phase refrigerant passage is closed ( (Fully closed position) is also included.
  • the heat pump cycle controls the integrated valve and the driving device so that the gas phase refrigerant passage is closed and the liquid-phase refrigerant passage is fully opened.
  • the first mode the second mode in which the gas-phase refrigerant passage is fully opened with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage closed, and the gas-phase refrigerant passage opening with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage closed.
  • a drive control unit that switches to a third mode with a passage opening smaller than the fully open state. The drive control unit controls the drive device to switch to the third mode when a liquid inflow condition in which the liquid phase refrigerant flows into the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage is satisfied.
  • the passage opening of the gas-phase refrigerant passage is made smaller than that in the fully open state with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage closed, under the condition that the liquid-phase refrigerant flows into the intermediate suction port of the compressor.
  • It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the integrated valve which concerns on embodiment.
  • It is principal part sectional drawing for demonstrating the shutter function of the vapor phase side valve body of the integrated valve which concerns on embodiment.
  • It is principal part sectional drawing for demonstrating the suppression effect of the refrigerant
  • It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the switching control process of the operation mode in a heat pump cycle.
  • the heat pump cycle 10 including the integrated valve 14 of the present disclosure and the drive system for the integrated valve 14 is applied to an air conditioner 1 for an electric vehicle that obtains a driving force for driving a vehicle from an electric motor for driving. Yes.
  • the heat pump cycle 10 functions to adjust the temperature of the indoor blown air by using the indoor blown air blown into the vehicle interior, which is the air conditioning target space, as the heat exchange target fluid.
  • the heat pump cycle 10 of the present embodiment includes a refrigerant circuit (FIG. 1) in a cooling operation mode for cooling the passenger compartment and heating while dehumidifying the passenger compartment (FIG. 1), and a refrigerant circuit in a heating operation mode for heating the passenger compartment. (FIGS. 2 and 3) can be switched.
  • the refrigerant circuit in the first heating mode executed when the outside air temperature is extremely low (for example, 0 ° C. or less) as the heating operation mode as will be described later (FIG. 2).
  • the refrigerant circuit (FIG. 3) in the second heating mode in which normal heating is performed can be switched.
  • the refrigerant circuit in the first heating mode shown in FIG. 2 constitutes a gas injection cycle (two-stage compression cycle), and the refrigerant circuit in the cooling operation mode and the dehumidifying heating mode and the refrigerant circuit in the second heating mode are normal. Cycle (single-stage compression cycle).
  • the first heating mode corresponds to an “injection mode” in which the gas-phase refrigerant flows into the intermediate pressure port 11c side of the compressor 11 via an intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15 described later.
  • the heat pump cycle 10 of the present embodiment is configured as a cycle that can be switched to a gas injection cycle (two-stage compression cycle) and a normal cycle (one-stage compression cycle) other than the gas injection cycle.
  • the whole block diagram of FIG. 1 has shown the refrigerant circuit at the time of switching to air_conditionaing
  • the heat pump cycle 10 employs an HFC-based refrigerant (for example, R134a) as the refrigerant, and constitutes a vapor compression subcritical refrigeration cycle in which the high-pressure side refrigerant pressure does not exceed the refrigerant critical pressure.
  • HFO-based refrigerant e.g., R1234yf
  • the refrigerant is mixed with refrigerating machine oil (lubricating oil) for lubricating the compressor 11, and a part of the refrigerating machine oil circulates in the cycle together with the refrigerant.
  • the compressor 11 is disposed in the hood of the vehicle, and inhales, compresses and discharges the refrigerant in the heat pump cycle 10.
  • the compressor 11 is configured by an electric compressor configured to house a compression mechanism that compresses a refrigerant in a compression chamber (not shown) and an electric motor that rotationally drives the compression mechanism inside a housing that forms an outer shell. .
  • the housing of the compressor 11 includes a suction port 11a that sucks low-pressure refrigerant into the compression chamber, a discharge port 11b that discharges high-pressure refrigerant from the compression chamber, guides intermediate-pressure refrigerant in the cycle to the compression chamber, and serves as a refrigerant in the compression process.
  • An intermediate pressure port (intermediate suction port) 11c to be joined is provided.
  • the compressor 11 is provided with an oil sump for supplying lubricating oil to the sliding portion of the compression mechanism.
  • a scroll type compression mechanism can be adopted.
  • the compression mechanism of the compressor 11 is not limited to the scroll type compression mechanism, and various types such as a vane type compression mechanism and a rolling piston type compression mechanism can be adopted.
  • the compressor 11 allows the refrigerant to flow into the compression chamber from the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15 (described later) connected to the intermediate pressure port 11c, and the refrigerant flows from the compression chamber into the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15 side.
  • a check valve (not shown) for prohibiting is incorporated.
  • the electric motor is one whose operation (number of rotations) is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 40 described later, and any type of an AC motor and a DC motor may be adopted. And the refrigerant
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the indoor condenser 12 is connected to the discharge port 11 b of the compressor 11.
  • the indoor condenser 12 is disposed in an air conditioning case 31 of an indoor air conditioning unit 30 to be described later, radiates high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11, and heats indoor blown air that has passed through an indoor evaporator 23 to be described later. It is a radiator.
  • the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor condenser 12 is connected to the inlet side of the high-stage expansion valve 13 that can depressurize the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the indoor condenser 12 until it becomes an intermediate-pressure refrigerant.
  • the high-stage expansion valve 13 is an electric type that includes a valve body that can change the throttle opening degree and an electric actuator that includes a stepping motor that changes the throttle opening degree of the valve body. This is a variable aperture mechanism.
  • the high stage side expansion valve 13 is configured to be able to be set to a throttling state that exerts a pressure reducing action and a fully open state that does not exert a pressure reducing action.
  • the high stage side expansion valve 13 of the present embodiment is configured to be able to be set to a throttled state in which the refrigerant flowing out from the indoor condenser 12 is decompressed at least until it becomes an intermediate pressure refrigerant.
  • the high stage side expansion valve 13 is configured to change the throttle opening within a range where the throttle passage area has an equivalent diameter ⁇ 0.5 to ⁇ 3 mm when the refrigerant is decompressed. Further, when the throttle opening is fully opened, the high stage side expansion valve 13 can secure a throttle passage area of an equivalent diameter of about 10 mm so as not to exert the refrigerant decompression action.
  • the operation of the high stage side expansion valve 13 is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 40.
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the integrated valve 14 is connected to the outlet side of the high stage side expansion valve 13.
  • the integrated valve 14 is an integral part of the components required to make the heat pump cycle 10 function as a gas injection cycle, and serves as a refrigerant circuit switching unit that switches the refrigerant circuit of the refrigerant circulating in the cycle. Fulfills the function.
  • the integrated valve 14 includes a gas-liquid separator (gas-liquid separation space 141b) that separates the gas-liquid refrigerant, a fixed throttle 17 that depressurizes the liquid-phase refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator, and gas-liquid separation.
  • the valve device 16 and the like for opening and closing the refrigerant passage through which the refrigerant flowing out of the vessel flows are integrally configured.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 are schematic vertical sectional views of the integrated valve 14.
  • FIG. 4 shows a first mode in which the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c is fully opened while the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is closed.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view in the second mode in which the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is fully opened with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c closed, and
  • FIG. 6 shows the state with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c closed.
  • a sectional view in the third mode in which the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is fully closed or slightly opened is shown. Note that the up and down arrows in FIGS. 4 to 6 indicate directions in a state where the integrated valve 14 is mounted on the vehicle air conditioner 1.
  • the integrated valve 14 forms a shell thereof and has a body 140 for accommodating the fixed throttle 17 and the valve device 16 therein.
  • the body 140 is configured by a substantially rectangular tube-shaped metal block body (for example, aluminum) whose axial direction extends in the vertical direction.
  • the body 140 according to the present embodiment includes an upper block 141 disposed on the upper side and a lower block 142 attached and fixed to the lower side of the upper block 141.
  • a gas-liquid separation space 141b for separating the gas-liquid refrigerant flowing out from the high stage side expansion valve 13 is formed.
  • the gas-liquid separation space 141b is formed in a columnar shape whose axial direction extends in the vertical direction.
  • the gas-liquid separation space 141b of the present embodiment has an internal volume that exhibits the maximum capacity of the cycle from the enclosed refrigerant volume when the amount of refrigerant enclosed in the cycle is converted to the liquid phase. It is set smaller than the surplus refrigerant volume obtained by subtracting the necessary refrigerant volume when the necessary refrigerant amount is converted into the liquid phase. That is, the internal volume of the gas-liquid separation space 141b of the present embodiment is such that the surplus refrigerant cannot be substantially accumulated even when the load fluctuation occurs in the cycle and the refrigerant circulation flow rate circulating in the cycle fluctuates. It has become. According to this, size reduction of the physique as the integrated valve 14 whole can be achieved.
  • the upper block 141 is formed with a refrigerant inlet 141a for allowing the refrigerant from the high-stage expansion valve 13 to flow into the outer wall surface thereof.
  • the refrigerant inflow port 141a communicates with the gas-liquid separation space 141b through a refrigerant introduction hole 141g opened in the inner wall surface of the gas-liquid separation space 141b.
  • the refrigerant introduction passage 141h constituting the refrigerant passage from the refrigerant inlet 141a to the refrigerant introduction hole 141g is tangential to the inner wall surface of the gas-liquid separation space 141b when viewed from the axial direction of the gas-liquid separation space 141b. It is formed to extend.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the gas-liquid separation space 141b from the refrigerant inlet 141a swirls along the inner wall surface of the gas-liquid separation space 141b.
  • coolant which flowed into the gas-liquid separation space 141b is isolate
  • coolant falls to the downward side of the gas-liquid separation space 141b by gravity.
  • the gas-liquid separation space 141b of this embodiment constitutes a centrifugal gas-liquid separator.
  • the upper block 141 is provided with a round tubular pipe portion 141c that is disposed inside the gas-liquid separation space 141b and coaxially with the gas-liquid separation space 141b.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the gas-liquid separation space 141b swirls around the pipe portion 141c.
  • the pipe portion 141c extends such that the lowermost lower end portion is positioned inside the gas-liquid separation space 141b, and the gas phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b is supplied to the lower end portion.
  • An annular (doughnut-shaped) gas-phase-side inflow portion 141d for inflow is formed. Note that the gas-phase-side inflow portion 141d protrudes downward, and functions as a gas-phase-side valve seat portion to which a gas-phase-side valve body 161 described later contacts and separates.
  • a gas phase side outlet 141e formed on the outer wall surface of the upper block 141 and a through hole communicating with the internal space of the pipe portion 141c are formed.
  • This through hole constitutes, together with the internal space of the pipe portion 141c, a gas phase refrigerant passage 141f through which the gas phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b flows out from the gas phase side outlet 141e.
  • an intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15 that guides the gas phase refrigerant to the intermediate pressure port 11c of the compressor 11 is connected to the gas phase side outlet 141e.
  • an annular shape in which the liquid-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b flows into a position facing the gas-phase inflow portion 141d
  • a liquid phase side inflow portion 142a having a donut shape is formed.
  • the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a is formed integrally with the lower block 142 so as to protrude upward, and serves as a liquid phase side valve seat portion to which a liquid phase side valve body 162 to be described later contacts and separates. Plays a function.
  • the lower block 142 is formed with a liquid phase side outlet 142b formed on the outer wall surface of the lower block 142 and a through hole communicating with the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a.
  • This through-hole constitutes a liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c through which the liquid-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b flows out from the liquid-phase side outlet 142b.
  • the lower block 142 depressurizes the refrigerant flowing in from the gas-liquid separation space 141b and flows out to the liquid phase side outlet 142b side.
  • a fixed diaphragm 17 is formed.
  • the pressure loss that occurs when the refrigerant passes through the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c open is extremely small compared to the pressure loss that occurs when the refrigerant passes through the fixed throttle 17.
  • a nozzle, an orifice or the like having a fixed throttle opening can be employed as the fixed throttle 17, a nozzle, an orifice or the like having a fixed throttle opening.
  • the throttle passage area suddenly shrinks or expands rapidly, so that the flow rate of refrigerant passing through the fixed throttle as the pressure difference between the upstream side and downstream side (differential pressure between the inlet and outlet) changes.
  • the dryness of the fixed throttle upstream refrigerant can be self-adjusted (balanced).
  • the dryness of the fixed throttle upstream refrigerant is increased as the required circulation flow rate of the refrigerant that needs to circulate the cycle decreases.
  • the pressure difference is relatively small, it is balanced so that the dryness of the fixed throttle upstream side refrigerant decreases as the refrigerant circulation flow rate increases.
  • valve device 16 that opens and closes the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f and the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c and the drive device 18 that displaces both the valve bodies 161 and 162 of the valve device 16 will be described.
  • the valve device 16 of the present embodiment changes the gas-phase-side valve body 161 that changes the passage opening degree of the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f and the passage opening degree of the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c.
  • a liquid phase side valve body 162 is provided.
  • Each of the valve bodies 161 and 162 is disposed between a gas phase side inflow portion 141d and a liquid phase side inflow portion 142a that are formed to face each other. More specifically, the gas phase side valve body 161 is disposed so as to face the gas phase side inflow portion 141d, and the liquid phase side valve body 162 is in the liquid phase side inflow on the lower side of the gas phase side valve body 161. It arrange
  • the liquid-phase side valve body 162 covers a disc-shaped valve portion 162a that contacts and separates from the liquid-phase side inflow portion 142a, and a portion that exists between a valve portion 162a and a gas-phase-side valve body 161 in a rod described later. It is comprised with the member which integrated the provided annular cylindrical part 162b.
  • the valve portion 162a is a portion facing the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a in the liquid phase side valve body 162, and a through hole having a size capable of sliding a rod 181 described later is formed at the center thereof.
  • the area Sa2 of the valve portion 162a is larger than the opening area Sa1 of the liquid-phase inflow portion 142a (Sa2> Sa1).
  • a rubber-made first seal member 162c formed in an annular shape is formed at a portion contacting the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a on the lower surface side of the valve portion 162a and a second protrusion 181b of the rod 181 described later. Has been placed.
  • the first seal member 162c has a liquid phase side valve body 162 and a liquid phase side inflow portion 142a when the liquid phase side valve body 162 is displaced to a position where the liquid phase refrigerant passage 142c is closed. It functions as a member that improves the sealing performance.
  • the first seal member 162c is in close contact with a second protrusion 181b of the rod 181 described later when the gas-phase side valve body 161 is displaced to a position where the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is closed. And it is also a member for suppressing that a refrigerant leaks from the crevice between liquid phase side valve element 162 and rod 181.
  • Such refrigerant leakage is not preferable from the viewpoint of cycle performance and protection of the compressor 11.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant flows into the intermediate pressure port 11c of the compressor 11 through the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f and the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15 in the cooling operation mode
  • the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 is more than necessary.
  • the cycle performance decreases.
  • the first seal member 162c and the second protrusion 181b are brought into close contact with each other.
  • the first seal member 162c prevents the refrigerant from leaking from a gap between the liquid phase side valve body 162 and a rod 181 described later when the gas phase side valve body 161 closes the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f.
  • the 2nd leakage suppression part which suppresses is comprised.
  • the cylindrical part 162b is formed in the shape where the upper end part which contacts the gaseous-phase-side valve body 161 protrudes upwards by expanding the internal diameter in the site
  • the cylindrical portion 162b functions to suppress refrigerant leakage from a gap between a rod 181 and a valve portion 162a, which will be described later.
  • the gas-phase side valve body 161 is formed of a disk-like member having a through hole with a size that allows a rod 181 (described later) to slide in the center. And as shown in the principal part sectional view of Drawing 7, area Sb2 of gas phase side valve element 161 is larger than opening area Sb1 of gas phase side inflow part 141d (Sb2> Sb1).
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b falls to the lower side of the gas-liquid separation space 141b due to gravity.
  • the area ratio of the area Sb2 of the gas phase side valve body 161 to the opening area Sb1 of the gas phase side inflow portion 141d is set to be the ratio of the area Sb2 of the liquid phase side valve body 162 to the opening area Sa1 of the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a.
  • the area ratio of the area Sa2 is increased (Sb2 / Sb1> Sa2 / Sa1).
  • the gas-phase side valve element 161 can be opened when the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is opened. It can be made to function as a shutter which suppresses scattering of the liquid phase refrigerant to the phase refrigerant passage 141f side.
  • a rubber-made second seal member 161a formed in an annular shape is disposed at a portion in contact with the gas phase side inflow portion 141d on the upper surface side of the gas phase side valve body 161. As shown in FIG. 4, the second seal member 161a seals between the gas phase side valve body 161 and the gas phase side inflow portion 141d when the gas phase side valve body 161 closes the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f. It is a member for improving the property.
  • a rubber-made third seal member 161b formed in an annular shape is disposed in a portion of the lower surface side of the gas phase side valve body 161 that is in contact with the cylindrical portion 162b of the liquid phase side valve body 162. . As shown in FIG. 4, the third seal member 161b is in close contact with the cylindrical portion 162b when the gas-phase side valve body 161 closes the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f. It is a member for suppressing the refrigerant from leaking from a gap between the rod 181 described later.
  • Such refrigerant leakage is not preferable from the viewpoint of cycle performance and protection of the compressor 11.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant flows into the intermediate pressure port 11c of the compressor 11 through the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f and the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15 in the cooling operation mode
  • the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 is more than necessary.
  • the cycle performance decreases.
  • the third seal member 161b and the cylindrical portion 162b are brought into close contact with each other.
  • the third seal member 161b prevents the refrigerant from leaking from a gap between the gas phase side valve body 161 and a rod 181 described later when the gas phase side valve body 161 closes the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f.
  • the 1st leakage suppression part which suppresses is comprised.
  • refrigerant leakage from the gaps between the valve bodies 161 and the rods 181 can be dealt with by arranging a seal member such as an O-ring in the gaps between the valve bodies 161 and the rods 181.
  • the driving device 18 displaces both the valve bodies 161 and 162 to desired positions.
  • the liquid phase side valve body 162 is configured to be displaceable to a fully open position where the passage opening degree is in a fully open state.
  • the gas phase side valve body 161 is configured to be displaceable at the fully open position.
  • the opening degree of the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is more than the fully-open state as shown in FIG.
  • the gas-phase side valve element 161 is configured to be displaceable to a position (a fully closed position or a slightly opened position).
  • the integrated valve 14 displaces the position of each valve element 161, 162 by the driving device 18 to change the operation mode into three modes such as the first to third modes shown in FIG. Switching is possible.
  • the drive device 18 of the present embodiment includes a rod 181 disposed so as to penetrate both the valve bodies 161 and 162, an electric actuator 182 that drives the rod 181 in the axial direction (vertical direction), each valve body 161,
  • the elastic member 183 is provided between the two members 162.
  • the rod 181 has one upper end connected to the movable portion of the electric actuator 182, and the other lower end slidably received in a guide hole 142d formed in the lower block 142.
  • the rod 181 of the present embodiment is arranged so that its axis coincides with the axis of the pipe portion 141c and penetrates the internal space of the pipe portion 141c.
  • a first protrusion 181a is provided for applying a load in a direction away from 141d (downward).
  • the first protrusion 181a is a bowl-shaped member that protrudes in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod 181 and is fixed to the upper side of the gas-phase-side valve body 161 in the rod 181 by caulking or the like.
  • a second protrusion 181b is provided to apply a load in a direction (upward) away from the inflow portion 142a.
  • the second protrusion 181 b is a bowl-shaped member that protrudes in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rod 181, and is integrally formed with the rod 181 on the lower side of the liquid phase side valve body 162.
  • the second projecting portion 181b of the present embodiment is formed in a shape in which a portion on the upper surface side protrudes upward so as to come into contact with the first seal member 162c when contacting the liquid phase side valve body 162. ing.
  • the interval between the first and second protrusions 181a and 181b is larger than the interval between the gas-phase side inflow portion 141d and the liquid-phase side inflow portion 142a.
  • the electric actuator 182 displaces the valve bodies 161 and 162 by driving the rod 181 in the vertical direction.
  • a stepping motor is employed as the electric actuator 182.
  • the operation of the electric actuator 182 of this embodiment is controlled by a control pulse output from the air conditioning controller 40 described later.
  • the electric actuator 182 is configured by a stepping motor, when the control pulse output from the air-conditioning control device 40 is stopped, the position of each valve element 161, 162 depends on the frictional force of the feed screw and the magnet holding torque. Retained.
  • the elastic member 183 is a member that applies a load to the valve bodies 161 and 162 so as to be separated from each other, and is configured by a spring such as a coil spring. Specifically, the elastic member 183 applies a load to the gas phase side valve body 161 in a direction in contact with the gas phase side inflow portion 141d, and the liquid phase side inflow portion with respect to the liquid phase side valve body 162. It arrange
  • the electric actuator 182 drives the rod 181 upward when the liquid phase refrigerant passage 142c is opened by the liquid phase side valve body 162.
  • the second protrusion 181b of the rod 181 and the liquid phase side valve body 162 come into contact with each other, and the liquid phase side valve body 162 is separated from the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a.
  • a load is applied.
  • the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is closed by displacing the gas-phase-side valve body 161 at a position where it abuts on the gas-phase-side inflow portion 141d due to the load of the elastic member 183.
  • the electric actuator 182 drives the rod 181 downward when opening the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f by the gas-phase side valve body 161.
  • the first protrusion 181a of the rod 181 and the gas phase side valve body 161 come into contact with each other, and the gas phase side valve body 161 is separated from the gas phase side inflow portion 141d.
  • a load is applied.
  • the liquid phase refrigerant passage 142c is closed by the liquid phase side valve body 162 being displaced to a position where it abuts on the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a due to the load of the elastic member 183.
  • the electric actuator 182 includes the projections 181a and 181b, respectively, the gas phase side inflow portion 141 and the liquid phase.
  • the rod 181 is driven to a position not in contact with the side inflow portion 142.
  • each valve body 161, 162 As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, no load is applied to each valve body 161, 162 from each projection 181a, 181b, and each valve body 161, 162 is placed at a position where it abuts on each inflow portion 141d, 142a by the load of the elastic member 183. As the valve bodies 161 and 162 are displaced, both the refrigerant passages 141f and 142c are closed.
  • the electric actuator 182 When the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c is closed and the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is opened slightly, the electric actuator 182 includes the protrusions 181a and 181b that are connected to the gas-phase-side inflow portion 141 and the liquid-phase-side inflow portion. The rod 181 is driven slightly downward from a position that does not contact 142.
  • the first protrusion 181a of the rod 181 contacts the gas phase side valve body 161, and a load is applied to the gas phase side valve body 161 in a direction away from the gas phase side inflow portion 141d.
  • the phase-side valve body 161 is slightly displaced to a position at which the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is opened.
  • the liquid phase refrigerant passage 142c is closed by the liquid phase side valve body 162 being displaced to a position where it abuts on the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a due to the load of the elastic member 183.
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 is connected to the liquid phase side outlet 142 b of the integrated valve 14.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 20 is disposed in the bonnet, and exchanges heat between the refrigerant circulating inside and the air outside the vehicle (outside air) blown from the blower fan 21.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 20 functions as an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant in the first and second heating modes and exerts a heat absorbing action, and functions as a radiator that radiates the refrigerant in the cooling operation mode and the like. It is an exchanger.
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the low stage side expansion valve 22 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 20.
  • the low stage side expansion valve 22 depressurizes the refrigerant that flows out of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and flows into the indoor evaporator 23 in the cooling operation mode or the like.
  • the basic configuration of the low stage side expansion valve 22 is the same as that of the high stage side expansion valve 13, and its operation is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning controller 40.
  • the refrigerant inlet side of the indoor evaporator 23 is connected to the outlet side of the low stage side expansion valve 22.
  • the indoor evaporator 23 is disposed in the air conditioning case 31 of the indoor air conditioning unit 30 on the upstream side of the air flow of the indoor condenser 12, and evaporates the refrigerant during the cooling operation mode or the dehumidifying heating operation mode to absorb heat. It is a heat exchanger that cools the air blown into the vehicle interior by exhibiting the above.
  • the inlet side of the accumulator 24 is connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the indoor evaporator 23.
  • the accumulator 24 separates the gas-liquid refrigerant flowing into the accumulator 24 and stores excess refrigerant.
  • the suction port 11 a of the compressor 11 is connected to the gas phase refrigerant outlet side of the accumulator 24. Therefore, the indoor evaporator 23 is connected so as to flow out to the suction port 11 a side of the compressor 11.
  • bypass passage 25 that guides the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 to the inlet side of the accumulator 24 by bypassing the low-stage expansion valve 22 and the indoor evaporator 23. It is connected.
  • bypass on-off valve 251 is arranged in this bypass passage 25, a bypass on-off valve 251 is arranged.
  • the bypass opening / closing valve 251 is an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the bypass passage 25, and its opening / closing operation is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning controller 40.
  • the bypass on-off valve 251 of this embodiment functions to switch the cycle configuration (refrigerant flow path) by opening and closing the bypass passage 25. Therefore, the bypass on-off valve 251 of the present embodiment constitutes a refrigerant flow switching unit that switches the refrigerant flow of the refrigerant circulating in the cycle. Note that the pressure loss that occurs when the refrigerant passes through the bypass on-off valve 251 is extremely small relative to the pressure loss that occurs when the refrigerant passes through the low-stage expansion valve 22.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 flows into the accumulator 24 via the bypass passage 25 when the bypass on-off valve 251 is open, and low when the bypass on-off valve 251 is closed. It flows into the indoor evaporator 23 through the stage side expansion valve 22.
  • the indoor air conditioning unit 30 is arranged inside the instrument panel (instrument panel) at the foremost part of the vehicle interior to form an outer shell of the indoor air conditioning unit 30 and to the interior of the room air blown into the vehicle interior. It has an air conditioning case 31 that forms an air passage. And the air blower 32, the above-mentioned indoor condenser 12, the indoor evaporator 23, etc. are accommodated in this air passage.
  • Inside / outside air switching device 33 for switching and introducing vehicle interior air (inside air) and outside air is arranged on the most upstream side of the air flow of air conditioning case 31.
  • the inside / outside air switching device 33 continuously adjusts the opening area of the inside air introduction port for introducing the inside air into the air conditioning case 31 and the outside air introduction port for introducing the outside air by the inside / outside air switching door, so that the air volume of the inside air and the outside air are adjusted.
  • the air volume ratio with the air volume is continuously changed.
  • a blower 32 that blows the air sucked through the inside / outside air switching device 33 toward the vehicle interior is arranged on the downstream side of the air flow of the inside / outside air switching device 33.
  • the blower 32 is an electric blower that drives a centrifugal multiblade fan (sirocco fan) with an electric motor, and the number of rotations (air flow rate) is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning control device 40.
  • the indoor evaporator 23 and the indoor condenser 12 are arranged in the order of the indoor evaporator 23 ⁇ the indoor condenser 12 with respect to the flow of the indoor blown air.
  • the indoor evaporator 23 is disposed on the upstream side of the air flow with respect to the indoor condenser 12.
  • a bypass passage 35 is provided in the air conditioning case 31 to flow the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 23, bypassing the indoor condenser 12, on the downstream side of the air flow of the indoor evaporator 23.
  • An air mix door 34 is disposed on the upstream side of the air flow of the indoor condenser 12.
  • the air mix door 34 adjusts the air volume ratio between the air volume that passes through the indoor condenser 12 and the air volume that passes through the bypass passage 35 in the blown air that has passed through the indoor evaporator 23, and the heat of the indoor condenser 12. It is a heat exchange capacity adjustment unit that adjusts the exchange capacity.
  • the air mix door 34 is driven by a servo motor (not shown) whose operation is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning controller 40.
  • a merge space 36 for merging is provided.
  • an opening hole is formed through which the blown air merged in the merge space 36 is blown into the vehicle interior that is the air conditioning target space.
  • the defroster opening hole 37a that blows the conditioned air toward the inner side surface of the front window glass of the vehicle
  • the face opening hole 37b that blows the conditioned air toward the upper body of the passenger in the vehicle interior
  • the conditioned air toward the feet of the passenger A foot opening hole 37c to be blown out is formed.
  • each of the opening holes 37a to 37c is connected to a face air outlet, a foot air outlet, and a defroster air outlet provided in the vehicle interior via ducts that form air passages.
  • a defroster door 38a for opening and closing the defroster opening hole 37a, a face door 38b for opening and closing the face opening hole 37b, and a foot door 38c for opening and closing the foot opening hole 37c are arranged on the upstream side of the air flow of each opening hole 37a to 37c.
  • Each of the doors 38a to 38c constitutes a blowing mode switching unit that switches a blowing mode of air into the vehicle interior.
  • the doors 38a to 38c are driven by a servo motor (not shown) whose operation is controlled by a control signal output from the air conditioning controller 40.
  • the air conditioning control device 40 includes a known microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like and peripheral circuits thereof.
  • the air conditioning control device 40 performs various calculations and processing based on a control program stored in a ROM or the like, and controls each control device (compressor 11, high stage expansion valve 13, integrated valve 14, bypass) connected to the output side. The operation of the on-off valve 251 and the blower 32).
  • a sensor group 41 for various air conditioning controls is connected to the input side of the air conditioning control device 40.
  • the sensor group 41 includes an inside air sensor that detects the temperature in the vehicle interior, an outside air sensor that detects the outside air temperature, a solar radiation sensor that detects the amount of solar radiation in the vehicle interior, an evaporator temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the indoor evaporator 23, and a compressor.
  • 11 is a discharge pressure sensor that detects the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from No. 11.
  • an operation panel (not shown) arranged near the instrument panel is connected to the input side of the air conditioning control device 40, and operation signals from various air conditioning operation switches provided on the operation panel are input.
  • various air conditioning operation switches provided on the operation panel specifically, an operation switch of the vehicle air conditioner 1, a temperature setting switch for setting the passenger compartment temperature, a selection switch between the cooling operation mode and the heating operation mode, and the like are provided. It has been.
  • the air-conditioning control device 40 is configured such that a control unit that controls the operation of each control device connected to the output side is integrally configured, but the configuration that controls the operation of each control device (hardware and Software) constitutes a control unit that controls the operation of each control device.
  • the structure (hardware and software) which controls the integrated valve 14 in the air-conditioning control apparatus 40 comprises the drive control part 40a.
  • the integrated valve 14 and the drive control unit 40a constitute a drive system for the integrated valve 14.
  • the drive control unit 40a in the air conditioning control device 40 may be configured by a control device different from the air conditioning control device 40.
  • the vehicle air conditioner 1 can be switched to a cooling operation mode, a heating operation mode, and a dehumidifying heating operation mode. Switching between the operation modes is performed by a control process of the air conditioning control device 40.
  • the operation mode switching control process executed by the air conditioning control device 40 of this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
  • the control routine shown in FIG. 11 starts when the operation switch of the vehicle air conditioner 1 is turned on (ON operation) on the operation panel.
  • various signals are read from the various air conditioning control sensor group 41 and the operation panel (S10), and the operation mode of the heat pump cycle 10 is determined based on the read various signals (S12). .
  • the operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner 1 is determined according to the detection switch of the operation panel, the temperature setting switch, and the detected value of the outside air temperature sensor.
  • the operation mode is determined to be the cooling operation mode.
  • the operation mode flag is set to a value (for example, 0) indicating “cooling”.
  • the operation mode is determined to be the dehumidifying heating operation mode.
  • the operation mode flag is set to a value (for example, 1) indicating “dehumidifying / heating”.
  • the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump cycle 10 is gas-injected.
  • the first heating mode is determined as a cycle (two-stage compression cycle).
  • the operation mode flag is set to a value (for example, 2) indicating “first heating”.
  • the second heating mode in which the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump cycle 10 is set to the normal one-stage compression cycle is determined.
  • the operation mode flag is set to a value (for example, 3) indicating “second heating”.
  • step S12 it is determined whether or not the operation mode determined in step S12 is the cooling operation mode (S14), and when it is determined that the operation mode is the cooling operation mode, the cooling control process is executed (S16). .
  • step S18 it is determined whether or not to stop the air conditioning. If it is determined not to stop the air conditioning, the process returns to step S10 to read various signals again. On the other hand, when it is determined to stop the air conditioning, the operation mode switching control is finished. Whether or not to stop the air conditioning may be determined, for example, based on whether or not the operation switch is turned off.
  • step S14 If it is determined as a result of the determination process in step S14 that it is not in the cooling operation mode, it is determined whether or not it is in the first heating mode (S20). As a result, when it determines with it being 1st heating mode, 1st heating control processing is performed (S22) and it transfers to step S18 after that.
  • step S20 when it is determined that the first heating mode is not selected, it is determined whether or not the second heating mode is selected (S24). As a result, when it determines with it being the 2nd heating mode, a 2nd heating control process is performed (S26), and it transfers to step S18 after that.
  • step S24 If it is determined that the second heating mode is not set as a result of the determination process in step S24, a dehumidification heating control process is executed (S28), and then the process proceeds to step S18.
  • a dehumidification heating control process is executed (S28), and then the process proceeds to step S18.
  • Each determination of steps S14, S20, and S24 is processed based on the value of the operation mode flag set in step S12.
  • Cooling control processing (cooling operation mode)
  • the air conditioning control device 40 fully opens the high stage side expansion valve 13 (a state in which the pressure reducing action is not exerted), the low stage side expansion valve 22 is in a throttling state (a state in which the pressure reducing action is exerted), and bypass opening / closing.
  • the valve 251 is closed.
  • the air-conditioning control device 40 controls the electric actuator 182 so that the gas phase side valve body 161 is displaced to the fully closed position of the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f and the liquid phase side valve body 162 is displaced to the fully open position of the liquid phase refrigerant passage 142c.
  • a control pulse is output.
  • the integrated valve 14 is switched to the first mode in which the opening degree of the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c is fully opened while the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is closed.
  • the air conditioning control device 40 reads the detection signal of the sensor group 41 for air conditioning control and the operation signal of the operation panel, and calculates the target blowing temperature TAO, which is the target temperature of the air blown into the passenger compartment. Furthermore, the operating state of each control device connected to the output side of the air conditioning control device 40 is determined based on the calculated target blowing temperature TAO and the detection signal of the sensor group.
  • the control signal output to the electric motor of the compressor 11 is determined as follows. First, the target evaporator outlet temperature TEO of the indoor evaporator 23 is determined based on the target outlet temperature TAO with reference to a control map stored in the air conditioning controller 40 in advance. And the control signal output to the electric motor of the compressor 11 is determined so that the detected value (blowing air temperature) of the evaporator temperature sensor approaches the target evaporator blowing temperature TEO.
  • the target supercooling degree that is determined in advance so that the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant flowing into the low-stage side expansion valve 22 approaches the COP substantially to the maximum value. It is decided to approach.
  • the air mix door 34 closes the air passage of the indoor condenser 12, and the total flow rate of the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 23 is the bypass passage 35. Is determined to pass.
  • control signal determined as described above is output to each control device. Thereafter, reading of each signal ⁇ calculation of the target blowout temperature TAO ⁇ determination of the operating state of each control device ⁇ output of the control signal at every predetermined control period until the operation stop of the vehicle air conditioner 1 is requested by the operation panel The control routine is repeated. Such a control routine is repeated in the other operation modes.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the gas-liquid separation space 141b is in a gas phase state having a superheat degree, but the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f is fully closed by the gas phase side valve body 161. Therefore, the refrigerant that has flowed into the gas-liquid separation space 141b flows into the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c without flowing out from the gas-phase side outlet 141e, as shown in FIG.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the gas-liquid separation space 141 b is almost completely decompressed by the fixed throttle 17 without being reduced in pressure because the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142 c is fully opened by the liquid-phase side valve body 162. And flows out from the liquid-phase side outlet 142b of the integrated valve 14.
  • the refrigerant flowing out from the liquid-phase side outlet 142b of the integrated valve 14 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 20, and heat is exchanged with the outside air blown from the blower fan 21 in the outdoor heat exchanger 20 to dissipate heat (FIG. 12).
  • the refrigerant decompressed by the low stage side expansion valve 22 flows into the indoor evaporator 23, and absorbs heat from the air in-room air blown from the blower 32 to evaporate (c 11 points in FIG. 12 ⁇ d 11 points ). Thereby, indoor ventilation air is cooled.
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the indoor evaporator 23 flows into the accumulator 24 and is separated into gas and liquid. Then, the suction port 11a of the separated gas-phase refrigerant compressor 11 is sucked from the (e 11 points in FIG. 12), it is compressed again (e 11 points in FIG. 12 ⁇ a1 11 points ⁇ a 11 points).
  • separated in the accumulator 24 is stored in the accumulator 24 as a surplus refrigerant
  • the air-conditioning control device 40 opens the high stage expansion valve 13 in a throttled state (a state in which a pressure reducing action is exerted), fully closes the low stage expansion valve 22, and opens the bypass on-off valve 251. State.
  • the air-conditioning control device 40 is configured so that the gas-phase side valve element 161 is fully open in the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f and the liquid-phase side valve element 162 is in the entire liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c.
  • a control pulse is output to the electric actuator 182 so as to be displaced to the closed position.
  • the integrated valve 14 is switched to the second mode in which the opening degree of the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c is fully closed with the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f opened.
  • the heat pump cycle 10 is switched to the refrigerant circuit through which the refrigerant flows, that is, the refrigerant circuit of the gas injection cycle, as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG.
  • the air conditioning control device 40 determines the operating state of each control device connected to the output side of the air conditioning control device 40 based on the target blowing temperature TAO and the detection signal of the sensor group 41.
  • the control signal output to the high stage side expansion valve 13 flows out from the indoor condenser 12 so that the refrigerant pressure in the indoor condenser 12 becomes a predetermined target high pressure.
  • the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant is determined to be a predetermined target degree of supercooling.
  • the air mix door 34 closes the bypass passage 35, and the entire flow rate of the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 23 passes through the indoor condenser 12. To be determined.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant (point 12 a in FIG. 13) discharged from the discharge port 11 b of the compressor 11 goes to the indoor condenser 12. Inflow.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the indoor condenser 12, the blower 32 is blown from the radiating heat cabin blown air by heat exchange through the interior evaporator 23 (a 12 point of FIG. 13 ⁇ b 12 points). Thereby, vehicle interior blowing air is heated.
  • the refrigerant flowing from the indoor condenser 12 is isenthalpic depressurize expansion in to have the high-stage expansion valve 13 to a stop state until the intermediate-pressure refrigerant (b 12 points in FIG. 13 ⁇ c1 12 points) .
  • the intermediate-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the high-stage expansion valve 13 is a refrigerant inlet 141a flows into the gas-liquid separation space 141b gas-liquid separation of the integrated valve 14 (c 12 points in FIG. 13 ⁇ c2 12 points, 12 points c ⁇ c3 12 points).
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b is completely closed by the liquid-phase side valve body 162. It is decompressed and expanded in an enthalpy manner until it becomes (c12 12 points ⁇ c4 12 points in FIG. 13), and flows out from the liquid phase side outlet 142b.
  • gas-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b flows out from the gas-phase side outlet 141e of the integrated valve 14 because the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is fully opened by the gas-phase side valve body 161. It flows into the intermediate pressure port 11c side of the compressor 11 ( 12 points c2 in FIG. 13).
  • the refrigerant flowing into the intermediate pressure port 11c merges with the refrigerant in the compression process of the compressor 11 (a1 12 points in FIG. 13) and is compressed (a2 12 points in FIG. 13).
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 flows into the accumulator 24 via the bypass passage 25 and is separated into gas and liquid because the bypass on-off valve 251 is in the open state.
  • the compressed again separated gas-phase refrigerant is sucked from the suction port 11a of the compressor 11 (e 12 points in FIG. 13).
  • the separated liquid-phase refrigerant is stored in the accumulator 24 as surplus refrigerant that is not necessary for exhibiting the refrigerating capacity required for the cycle.
  • the heat of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 by the indoor condenser 12 is dissipated to the vehicle interior blown air, and the heated room blown air is blown out into the vehicle interior. it can. Thereby, heating of a vehicle interior is realizable.
  • the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the fixed throttle 17 is sucked from the suction port 11a of the compressor 11, and the intermediate-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the high stage side expansion valve 13 is sent to the intermediate pressure port 11c.
  • a gas injection cycle economizer-type refrigeration cycle
  • the refrigerant having a low temperature can be sucked into the compressor 11 and the compression efficiency in the compressor 11 can be improved.
  • the COP of the heat pump cycle 10 as a whole can be improved.
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant flows into the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141 f and passes through the intermediate-pressure refrigerant passage 15. Liquid phase refrigerant may be sucked.
  • FIG. 15 shows the high-stage side expansion valve 13, the refrigerant pressure in the cycle, and the compressor 11 when the operation mode is switched from the other operation mode (assuming the second heating mode in the present embodiment) to the first heating mode.
  • time Ta1 shown in FIG. 15 has shown the switching timing from other operation modes to 1st heating mode.
  • the solid line P ⁇ b> 1 is the pressure change of the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11
  • the dotted line P ⁇ b> 2 is the pressure change of the low-pressure refrigerant sucked into the compressor 11
  • the alternate long and short dash line P ⁇ b> 3 is the fixed throttle 17.
  • the refrigerant pressure change before passing and the two-dot chain line P4 show the refrigerant pressure change after passing through the fixed throttle 17. This also applies to the refrigerant pressure change shown in FIG.
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant flows into the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f, and the intermediate-pressure refrigerant passage 15 The liquid phase refrigerant may be sucked into the compressor 11 via the.
  • FIG. 16 is a timing chart showing changes in the high-stage expansion valve 13, the refrigerant pressure in the cycle, and the rotation speed of the compressor 11 when the load state of the compressor 11 becomes a high load state.
  • time Tb1 shown in FIG. 16 has shown the timing when the load state of the compressor 11 became a high load state.
  • the diaphragm 17 can sufficiently flow the liquid phase refrigerant.
  • the cycle is balanced so that the pressure of the low-pressure refrigerant in the cycle rapidly decreases (see the dotted line P2 in FIG. 16). Then, due to the rapid pressure drop of the low-pressure refrigerant in the cycle, forming occurs in the accumulator 24 on the downstream side of the fixed throttle 17, and surplus refrigerant stored in the accumulator 24 is sucked into the suction port 11a of the compressor 11. As a result, the flow rate of the refrigerant circulating in the cycle increases. As a result, the fixed throttle 17 cannot completely flow the liquid refrigerant, and the liquid refrigerant that cannot flow through the fixed throttle 17 passes through the gas-phase refrigerant path 141f together with the gas-phase refrigerant. 15 flows into.
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant flows into the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f, and the intermediate-pressure refrigerant The liquid refrigerant may be sucked into the compressor 11 through the passage 15.
  • the liquid inflow condition in which the liquid phase refrigerant flows into the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15 is satisfied.
  • the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 is switched to the third mode.
  • control routine of FIG. 17 is a process executed in the first heating mode.
  • step S241 it is determined whether or not the previous operation mode of the heat pump cycle 10 is not the first heating mode but another operation mode (S241). That is, it is determined whether or not the operation mode of the heat pump cycle 10 is an initial stage in which the operation mode other than the first heating mode is switched to the first heating mode. In the determination process of step S241, it is determined whether or not the previous operation mode flag matches the current operation mode flag. If they do not match, it is determined that the previous operation mode is another operation mode.
  • step S241 when it is determined that the previous operation mode is an operation mode other than the first heating mode, the liquid inflow condition is satisfied and the compression is performed via the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15. There is a possibility that the liquid refrigerant is sucked into the machine 11.
  • the air-conditioning control device 40 switches the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 to the third mode and executes the injection suppression operation (S242). Specifically, in the air conditioning control device 40, the liquid phase side valve body 162 is in the fully closed position of the liquid phase refrigerant passage 142c, and the gas phase side valve body 161 is in the fully closed position (or slightly open position) of the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f. A control pulse is output to the electric actuator 182 so as to be displaced to. As a result, the integrated valve 14 is switched to the third mode in which the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f has a passage opening smaller than that in the fully opened state with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c closed.
  • the liquid phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b is decompressed and expanded in an enthalpy manner until it becomes a low pressure refrigerant in the fixed throttle 17, and the liquid phase side It flows out from the outflow port 142b.
  • the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is fully closed or slightly opened by the gas-phase side valve body 161
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant hardly flows into the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f via the fixed restrictor 17. It flows out from the liquid phase side outlet 142b.
  • the gas-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b is inflow into the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f because the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is fully closed or slightly opened by the gas-phase side valve body 161. Is limited.
  • the return condition in step S243 is set to a condition that is satisfied when a predetermined reference time has elapsed since switching to the third mode.
  • the reference time is set to the time required for the pressure difference before and after the fixed throttle 17 to increase to a level at which all of the liquid refrigerant can flow through the fixed throttle 17 after the operation mode of the heat pump cycle 10 is switched to the first heating mode.
  • the reference time may be set based on the longer one of the time from time Ta1 to time Ta2 shown in FIG. 15 and the time from time Tb1 to time Tb2 shown in FIG.
  • step S243 If it is determined that the return condition is not satisfied as a result of the determination process in step S243 shown in FIG. 17, the process returns to step S242. That is, until the return condition is satisfied, the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 is maintained in the third mode.
  • step S243 when it is determined that the return condition is satisfied as a result of the determination processing in step S243, it is considered that the pressure difference before and after the fixed throttle 17 has expanded to a level at which all the liquid refrigerant can flow through the fixed throttle 17. It is done.
  • the air conditioning control device 40 switches the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 to the second mode and executes the injection operation (S244). Specifically, the air-conditioning control device 40 is electrically operated so that the liquid phase side valve body 162 is displaced to the fully closed position of the liquid phase refrigerant passage 142c and the gas phase side valve body 161 is displaced to the fully open position of the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f. A control pulse is output to the actuator 182. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5, the integrated valve 14 is switched to the second mode in which the opening degree of the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is fully opened while the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c is closed.
  • step S241 when it is determined that the previous operation mode is not an operation mode other than the first heating mode, the transient state in which the load state of the compressor 11 shifts to a predetermined high load state. It is determined whether it is a period (S245).
  • the difference between the target rotational speed output to the electric motor of the compressor 11 and the current rotational speed of the electric motor is not less than a predetermined reference value.
  • it determines with it being the transition period in which the load state of the compressor 11 transfers to a high load state.
  • the load state of the compressor 11 transitions to a high load state. Judge that it is not the period.
  • the air-conditioning control device 40 switches the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 to the third mode, and executes the injection suppression operation until a predetermined return condition is satisfied (S242, S243).
  • the air-conditioning control apparatus 40 switches the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 to the second mode, and executes the injection operation (S244).
  • a process end condition for ending the first heating control process is satisfied (S246).
  • the first heating control process is ended, and the process end condition is determined.
  • the process returns to step S241.
  • the process end condition is a condition that is satisfied when the operation switch of the vehicle air conditioner 1 is turned off when the operation mode is switched.
  • the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 is changed to the fully open gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f.
  • the mode is switched to the third mode in which the passage opening is smaller than the state.
  • the determination process in steps S241 and S245 in FIG. 17 constitutes a success / failure determination unit that determines whether or not the liquid inflow condition is satisfied.
  • (C) Second heating control process (second heating mode) In the second heating control process, the air-conditioning control device 40 throttles the high stage side expansion valve 13 (a state that exerts a pressure reducing action), the low stage side expansion valve 22 is fully closed, and the bypass on-off valve 251 is opened. State.
  • the air-conditioning control device 40 controls the electric actuator 182 so that the gas phase side valve body 161 is displaced to the fully closed position of the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f and the liquid phase side valve body 162 is displaced to the fully open position of the liquid phase refrigerant passage 142c.
  • a control pulse is output.
  • the integrated valve 14 is switched to the first mode in which the opening degree of the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c is fully opened while the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is closed.
  • the refrigerant circuit is switched to a refrigerant circuit through which the refrigerant flows as shown by the solid line arrows in FIG.
  • the air conditioning control device 40 determines the operating state of each control device connected to the output side of the air conditioning control device 40 based on the target blowing temperature TAO and the detection signal of the sensor group 41.
  • the control signal output to the high stage side expansion valve 13 flows out from the indoor condenser 12 so that the refrigerant pressure in the indoor condenser 12 becomes a predetermined target high pressure.
  • the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant is determined to be a predetermined target degree of supercooling.
  • the air mix door 34 closes the bypass passage 35, and the entire flow rate of the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 23 passes through the indoor condenser 12. To be determined.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 11 b of the compressor 11 goes to the indoor condenser 12. Inflow.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the indoor condenser 12, the blower 32 is blown from the radiating heat cabin blown air by heat exchange through the interior evaporator 23 (a 13 point of FIG. 18 ⁇ b 13 points). Thereby, vehicle interior blowing air is heated.
  • the refrigerant flowing from the indoor condenser 12, is isenthalpic depressurize expansion in the high stage side expansion valve 13 which has a stop state until a low-pressure refrigerant (b 13 points in FIG. 18 ⁇ c 13 points), It flows into the gas-liquid separation space 141b of the integrated valve 14.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the gas-liquid separation space 141b flows out of the liquid-phase side outlet 142b through the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c without flowing out of the gas-phase side outlet 141e, as in the cooling operation mode.
  • Low-pressure refrigerant flowing from the liquid phase side outlet 142b flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 20, and outside air heat exchanger that has been blown from the blower fan 21 absorbs heat (c 13 points in FIG. 18 ⁇ d 13 points).
  • the refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 flows into the accumulator 24 via the bypass passage 25 and is separated into gas and liquid because the bypass on-off valve 251 is in the open state.
  • the separated gas-phase refrigerant is sucked from the suction port 11a of the compressor 11 (e 13 points in FIG. 18).
  • the heat of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 11 by the indoor condenser 12 is dissipated to the vehicle interior blown air, and the heated room blown air is blown into the vehicle interior. it can. Thereby, heating of a vehicle interior is realizable.
  • the effect of executing the second heating mode when the heating load is relatively low, such as when the outside air temperature is high, is described with respect to the first heating mode.
  • the gas injection cycle can be configured as described above, the COP of the heat pump cycle 10 as a whole can be improved.
  • the first heating mode can exhibit higher heating performance than that in the second heating mode.
  • the rotation speed (refrigerant discharge capacity) of the compressor 11 necessary for exhibiting the same heating performance is lower in the first heating mode than in the second heating mode.
  • the compression mechanism has a maximum efficiency rotational speed at which the compression efficiency is maximized (peak), and has a characteristic that if the rotational speed is lower than the maximum efficient rotational speed, the compression efficiency is greatly reduced. For this reason, when the compressor 11 is operated at a rotation speed lower than the maximum efficiency rotation speed when the heating load is relatively low, the COP may decrease in the first heating mode.
  • the mode when the outside air temperature is high and the heating load is low during execution of the first heating mode, the mode is switched to the second heating mode, and the outside air temperature becomes low during the execution of the second heating mode.
  • the mode is switched to the first heating mode.
  • (D) Dehumidification heating control processing (dehumidification heating operation mode)
  • the air conditioning control device 40 brings the expansion valves 13 and 22 into a fully open state or a throttle state, and closes the bypass opening and closing valve 251.
  • the air-conditioning control device 40 controls the electric actuator 182 so that the gas phase side valve body 161 is displaced to the fully closed position of the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f and the liquid phase side valve body 162 is displaced to the fully open position of the liquid phase refrigerant passage 142c.
  • a control pulse is output.
  • the integrated valve 14 is switched to the first mode in which the opening degree of the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c is fully opened while the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is closed.
  • the refrigerant circuit is switched to the same refrigerant circuit as that in the cooling operation mode, that is, the refrigerant circuit through which the refrigerant flows as indicated by the solid line arrow in FIG.
  • the air conditioning control device 40 determines the operating state of each control device connected to the output side of the air conditioning control device 40 based on the target blowing temperature TAO and the detection signal of the sensor group 41.
  • the air mix door 34 closes the bypass passage 35, and the entire flow rate of the blown air after passing through the indoor evaporator 23 passes through the indoor condenser 12.
  • the throttle openings of the high stage side expansion valve 13 and the low stage side expansion valve 22 are changed according to the temperature difference between the set temperature and the outside air temperature.
  • the four-stage dehumidifying and heating operation modes of the first to fourth dehumidifying and heating modes are executed in accordance with the increase in the target blowing temperature TAO described above.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 11 b of the compressor 11 flows into the indoor condenser 12 and is cooled by the indoor evaporator 23.
  • the heat is exchanged with the dehumidified vehicle interior air to dissipate heat ( 14 points in FIG. 19 ⁇ 14 points in b1). Thereby, vehicle interior blowing air is heated.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor condenser 12 flows in the order of the high-stage expansion valve 13 ⁇ the integrated valve 14 and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 20 in the same manner as in the cooling operation mode.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 20 exchanges heat with the outside air blown from the blower fan 21 to dissipate heat (b1 14 points ⁇ b2 14 points in FIG. 19).
  • the subsequent operation is the same as in the cooling operation mode.
  • the vehicle interior air cooled and dehumidified by the indoor evaporator 23 can be heated by the indoor condenser 12 and blown out into the vehicle interior. Thereby, dehumidification heating of a vehicle interior is realizable.
  • (D-2) Second Dehumidifying Heating Mode when the target blowing temperature TAO becomes higher than a predetermined first reference temperature during execution of the first dehumidifying heating mode, the second dehumidifying heating mode is set. Executed. In the second dehumidifying and heating mode, the high stage side expansion valve 13 is set to the throttled state, and the throttle opening degree of the low stage side expansion valve 22 is set to the throttled state that is increased compared to the first dehumidifying and heating mode. Therefore, in the second dehumidifying and heating mode, the state of the refrigerant circulating in the cycle changes as shown in the Mollier diagram of FIG.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 11b of the compressor 11 (a 15 point in FIG. 20), as in the first dehumidification and heating mode, and flows into indoor condenser 12, Heat is exchanged with the air blown into the passenger compartment cooled and dehumidified by the indoor evaporator 23 to dissipate heat ( 15 points in FIG. 20 ⁇ 15 points in b1). Thereby, vehicle interior blowing air is heated.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor condenser 12 is decompressed in an enthalpy manner until it becomes an intermediate-pressure refrigerant having a temperature higher than the outside air temperature by the high-stage expansion valve 13 that is in a throttled state (b1 in FIG. 20 at 15 points). ⁇ b2 15 points).
  • the intermediate pressure refrigerant decompressed by the high stage side expansion valve 13 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 20 through the integrated valve 14 as in the cooling operation mode.
  • the vehicle interior blown air that has been cooled and dehumidified by the indoor evaporator 23 is heated by the indoor condenser 12 into the vehicle interior. Can be blown out. Thereby, dehumidification heating of a vehicle interior is realizable.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 20 can be lowered compared to the first dehumidifying and heating mode. Therefore, the temperature difference between the temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 20 and the outside air temperature can be reduced, and the amount of heat released from the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 20 can be reduced.
  • the target blowing temperature TAO becomes higher than a predetermined second reference temperature (second reference temperature> first reference temperature).
  • the third dehumidifying heating mode is executed.
  • the throttle opening of the high stage side expansion valve 13 is set to a throttled state smaller than that in the second dehumidifying and heating mode, and the throttle opening of the low stage side expansion valve 22 is set to be lower than that in the second dehumidifying heating mode. increase. Accordingly, in the third dehumidifying heating mode, the state of the refrigerant circulating in the cycle changes as shown in the Mollier diagram of FIG.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 11b of the compressor 11 flows into the indoor condenser 12 as in the first and second dehumidifying heating modes. Then, heat is exchanged with the air blown into the passenger compartment that has been cooled and dehumidified by the indoor evaporator 23 to dissipate heat (a 16 points ⁇ b 16 points in FIG. 21). Thereby, vehicle interior blowing air is heated.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor condenser 12 is decompressed in an enthalpy manner until it becomes an intermediate pressure refrigerant having a temperature lower than the outside air temperature by the high-stage expansion valve 13 in a throttled state (b 16 points in FIG. 21). ⁇ c1 16 points).
  • the intermediate pressure refrigerant decompressed by the high stage side expansion valve 13 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 20 through the integrated valve 14 as in the cooling operation mode.
  • the intermediate-pressure refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 20 absorbs heat by exchanging heat with the outside air blown from the blower fan 21 (c1 16 points ⁇ c2 16 points in FIG. 21). Furthermore, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 is decompressed in an isoenthalpy manner by the low-stage expansion valve 22 (c2 16 points ⁇ c3 16 points in FIG. 21), and flows into the indoor evaporator 23. The subsequent operation is the same as in the cooling operation mode.
  • the vehicle interior blown air cooled by the indoor evaporator 23 and dehumidified is heated by the indoor condenser 12. Can be blown into the passenger compartment. Thereby, dehumidification heating of a vehicle interior is realizable.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 20 is caused to act as an evaporator by reducing the throttle opening of the high stage side expansion valve 13.
  • the heat absorption amount of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 20 can be increased.
  • the suction refrigerant density of the compressor 11 can be increased with respect to the second dehumidifying heating mode, and the refrigerant pressure in the indoor condenser 12 can be increased without increasing the compressor rotation speed.
  • the temperature blown out from the indoor condenser 12 can be increased more than in the dehumidifying and heating mode.
  • (D-4) Fourth Dehumidifying Heating Mode Next, during the execution of the third dehumidifying heating mode, the target blowing temperature TAO becomes higher than a predetermined third reference temperature (third reference temperature> second reference temperature). In this case, the fourth dehumidifying and heating mode is executed. In the fourth dehumidifying and heating mode, the throttle opening of the high stage side expansion valve 13 is set to a throttled state smaller than that in the third dehumidifying and heating mode, and the low stage side expansion valve 22 is fully opened. Therefore, in the fourth dehumidifying heating mode, the state of the refrigerant circulating in the cycle changes as shown in the Mollier diagram of FIG.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor condenser 12 is decompressed in an enthalpy manner until it becomes a low-pressure refrigerant having a temperature lower than the outside air temperature by the high-stage expansion valve 13 that is in the throttled state (b 17 point in FIG. 22 ⁇ c1 17 points).
  • the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the high stage side expansion valve 13 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 20 through the integrated valve 14 as in the cooling operation mode.
  • coolant which flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 20 heat-exchanges with the external air ventilated from the ventilation fan 21, and absorbs heat (c1 17 point-> c2 17 point of FIG. 22). Furthermore, the refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 20 flows into the indoor evaporator 23 without being depressurized because the low-stage expansion valve 22 is fully open. The subsequent operation is the same as in the cooling operation mode.
  • the vehicle interior blown air cooled and dehumidified by the indoor evaporator 23 is heated by the indoor condenser 12 as in the first to third dehumidifying and heating modes. Can be blown into the passenger compartment. Thereby, dehumidification heating of a vehicle interior is realizable.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 20 is caused to act as an evaporator, and the throttle opening degree of the higher stage side expansion valve 13 is set to be higher than that in the third dehumidifying and heating mode. Since it is reduced, the refrigerant evaporation temperature in the outdoor heat exchanger 20 can be lowered. Therefore, the temperature difference between the refrigerant temperature and the outside air temperature in the outdoor heat exchanger 20 can be expanded more than in the third dehumidifying and heating mode, and the heat absorption amount of the refrigerant in the indoor condenser 12 can be increased.
  • the suction refrigerant density of the compressor 11 can be increased with respect to the third dehumidifying heating mode, and the refrigerant pressure in the indoor condenser 12 can be increased without increasing the rotational speed.
  • the temperature blown out from the indoor condenser 12 can be increased more than in the dehumidifying and heating mode.
  • the waste heat of the engine cannot be used for heating the vehicle interior as in a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine (engine). Therefore, it is extremely effective that a high COP can be exhibited regardless of the heating load in the heating operation mode as in the heat pump cycle 10 of the present embodiment.
  • the integrated valve 14 which integrally comprised a part of component apparatus required in order to function the heat pump cycle 10 as a gas injection cycle is employ
  • adopted the heat pump cycle which comprises a gas injection cycle Ten cycle configurations can be simplified. As a result, it is possible to improve the mountability of the heat pump cycle 10 on the mounting object.
  • the single drive unit 18 performs gas-liquid separation of the refrigerant, opening and closing of the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c and the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f, and decompression of the liquid-phase refrigerant. Can do. According to this, the heat pump cycle 10 that can be switched to the gas injection cycle can be realized with a simple cycle configuration.
  • the liquid-phase refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separation space 141b is decompressed by the fixed throttle 17 by setting the passage opening degree of the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f to a fully open state with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c closed.
  • the refrigerant circuit can be switched to allow the gas-phase refrigerant to flow out to the intermediate pressure port 11c side of the compressor 11.
  • the integrated valve 14 of the present embodiment can set the passage opening of the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f to a smaller passage opening than the fully opened state with the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c closed.
  • the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15 is Therefore, it is possible to suppress the liquid-phase refrigerant from flowing into the intermediate pressure port 11c side of the compressor 11. As a result, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the malfunction of the compressor 11 due to the liquid phase refrigerant flowing in.
  • the liquid phase refrigerant flows into the compressor 11 through the intermediate pressure refrigerant passage 15 while simplifying the cycle configuration of the heat pump cycle 10 that can be switched to the gas injection cycle. Can be suppressed.
  • the gas-phase refrigerant passage is in a state where the liquid-phase refrigerant passage 142c is closed under the condition that the inflow of the liquid-phase refrigerant into the intermediate pressure port 11c of the compressor 11 is assumed.
  • the passage opening of 141f is switched to a passage opening smaller than the fully opened state.
  • the integrated valve 14 of the present embodiment is moved to the positions of the valve bodies 161 and 162 by a simple drive device 18 including a rod 181, an electric actuator 182, and an elastic member 183. Can be switched to three modes such as the first to third modes. According to this, simplification of the integrated valve 14 which can suppress that a liquid phase refrigerant
  • the integrated valve 14 of this embodiment covers a part of rod 181 with the cylindrical part 162b of the liquid phase side valve body 162, and the first and third seal members 162c, 161b are provided on the valve bodies 161, 162, respectively. It is set as the structure which provides.
  • a third seal member 161b is provided in a portion of the gas phase side valve body 161 that contacts the cylindrical portion 162b, not in the gap between the rod 181 and each valve body 161, 162, and the liquid phase side valve body 162 is provided.
  • a first seal member 162c is provided at a portion in contact with the second protrusion 181b.
  • each sealing member 162c, 161b does not contact the rod 181, without increasing the sliding resistance when each valve body 161, 162 is displaced, the rod 181 and each valve body 161, 162 between It can suppress that a refrigerant
  • the area ratio of the area Sb2 of the gas phase side valve body 161 to the opening area Sb1 of the gas phase side inflow portion 141d is set to be the ratio of the liquid phase side valve body 162 to the opening area Sa1 of the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a.
  • the area ratio of the area Sa2 is increased (Sb2 / Sb1> Sa2 / Sa1).
  • the gas-phase side valve element 161 can be opened when the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is opened. It can be made to function as a shutter which suppresses scattering of the liquid phase refrigerant to the phase refrigerant passage 141f side. Thereby, it can suppress that the liquid phase refrigerant
  • the heat pump cycle 10 travels from an engine (internal combustion engine) and a traveling electric motor, for example. It is effective when applied to a vehicle in which engine waste heat may become insufficient as a heat source for heating, such as a hybrid vehicle that obtains a driving force for use.
  • the heat pump cycle 10 may be applied to, for example, a stationary air conditioner, a cold / hot storage, a liquid heating device, and the like. Furthermore, when applied to a liquid heating device, a liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger is adopted as a use side heat exchanger, and a liquid pump or flow rate adjustment for adjusting the flow rate of liquid flowing into the liquid-refrigerant heat exchanger as a flow rate adjusting unit A valve may be employed.
  • the heat pump cycle 10 may be configured to be able to switch between a gas injection cycle and a normal cycle other than the gas injection cycle.
  • the heat pump cycle 10 may have a configuration in which only the heating operation mode including the first heating mode and the second heating mode can be realized, or a configuration in which only the first heating mode and the cooling operation mode can be realized. It may be.
  • the provision of various operation modes is effective in that the temperature of the heat exchange target fluid (blast air) can be adjusted appropriately.
  • the shape of the body 140 is not limited to this, and the body 140 is mounted on a mounting object. You may employ
  • the internal volume of the gas-liquid separation space 141b is set to a volume that cannot substantially store surplus refrigerant.
  • the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the internal volume of the gas-liquid separation space 141b may be set to a volume that can store excess refrigerant.
  • gas-liquid separation space 141b configures a centrifugal gas-liquid separator
  • gravity depends on the required gas-liquid separation performance.
  • a configuration in which gas-liquid separation is performed by the action of the above or the action of surface tension may be employed.
  • the gas-phase side valve element 161 is allowed to function as a shutter that suppresses the scattering of the liquid-phase refrigerant toward the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f when the gas-phase refrigerant passage 141f is opened.
  • a shutter member is added between the gas phase side inflow portion 141d and the liquid phase side inflow portion 142a to suppress scattering of the liquid phase refrigerant to the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f when the gas phase refrigerant passage 141f is opened. May be.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the driving device 18 may be configured by other mechanisms as long as the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 can be switched to three modes such as the first to third modes shown in FIG.
  • the first and third seal members 162c and 161b arranged in a state of being separated from the rod 181 suppress refrigerant leakage from the gaps between the valve bodies 161 and the rod 181.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the seal members 162c and 161b may be omitted.
  • the integrated valve 14 in the initial stage in which the operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner 1 is switched to the first heating mode, and in the transition period in which the load state of the compressor 11 shifts to the high load state, the integrated valve 14 Although it is desirable to switch the operation mode to the third mode, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, only when the operation mode of the vehicle air conditioner 1 is switched to the first heating mode, the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 is switched to the third mode, or the load state of the compressor 11 transitions to the high load state. Only in the period, the operation mode of the integrated valve 14 may be switched to the third mode.

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Abstract

　Dans la présente invention, un papillon fixe (17), un corps de soupape côté phase liquide (162), un corps de soupape côté phase gazeuse (161) et d'autres éléments sont logés et intégrés dans un corps (140) d'une soupape d'intégration (14) et les corps de soupape (161, 162) sont déplacés par un dispositif d'entraînement unique (18). Le dispositif d'entraînement (18) est conçu de façon à pouvoir commuter entre un premier mode dans lequel un canal de caloporteur en phase gazeuse (141f) est complètement fermé et un canal de caloporteur en phase liquide (142c) est complètement ouvert, un deuxième mode dans lequel le canal de caloporteur en phase liquide (142c) est complètement fermé et le canal de caloporteur en phase gazeuse (141f) est complètement ouvert, et un troisième mode dans lequel le canal de caloporteur en phase liquide (142c) est complètement fermé et le canal de caloporteur en phase gazeuse (141f) est complètement fermé ou légèrement ouvert. Lorsqu'une condition d'entrée de liquide dans laquelle un caloporteur en phase liquide entre dans un canal de caloporteur à pression intermédiaire (15) est satisfaite, un système d'entraînement commute le mode de fonctionnement de la soupape d'intégration (14) sur le troisième mode. Pour cette raison, il est possible de simplifier la configuration de cycle d'un cycle de pompe à chaleur tout en empêchant le caloporteur en phase liquide d'entrer dans un compresseur par le canal de caloporteur à pression intermédiaire (15).
PCT/JP2014/004367 2013-08-28 2014-08-25 Soupape d'intégration et système d'entraînement WO2015029421A1 (fr)

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JP2013176945A JP6011493B2 (ja) 2013-08-28 2013-08-28 統合弁、駆動システム

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WO2017022487A1 (fr) * 2015-08-03 2017-02-09 株式会社デンソー Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération
WO2017175726A1 (fr) * 2016-04-08 2017-10-12 株式会社デンソー Échangeur de chaleur
CN109073296A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2018-12-21 株式会社电装 热交换器
EP3929508A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2021-12-29 Daikin applied Europe S.p.A. Appareil pour amortir les vibrations dans un système de réfrigération
CN114962727A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-08-30 小米汽车科技有限公司 阀门、热泵空调系统及车辆

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JP6304407B2 (ja) 2015-02-04 2018-04-04 株式会社デンソー 統合弁およびヒートポンプサイクル
JP6852642B2 (ja) 2017-10-16 2021-03-31 株式会社デンソー ヒートポンプサイクル
JP7095845B2 (ja) * 2018-08-27 2022-07-05 サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 複合弁及びそれを用いた車両用空気調和装置

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WO2017022487A1 (fr) * 2015-08-03 2017-02-09 株式会社デンソー Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération
CN107949758A (zh) * 2015-08-03 2018-04-20 株式会社电装 制冷循环装置
CN107949758B (zh) * 2015-08-03 2020-04-28 株式会社电装 制冷循环装置
WO2017175726A1 (fr) * 2016-04-08 2017-10-12 株式会社デンソー Échangeur de chaleur
CN109073296A (zh) * 2016-04-08 2018-12-21 株式会社电装 热交换器
CN109073296B (zh) * 2016-04-08 2020-09-04 株式会社电装 热交换器
EP3929508A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2021-12-29 Daikin applied Europe S.p.A. Appareil pour amortir les vibrations dans un système de réfrigération
EP4202324A1 (fr) * 2020-05-06 2023-06-28 Daikin applied Europe S.p.A. Appareil pour amortir les vibrations dans un système de réfrigération
CN114962727A (zh) * 2022-06-30 2022-08-30 小米汽车科技有限公司 阀门、热泵空调系统及车辆

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