WO2015027933A1 - 动力工具及其快速锁紧和释放工作附件的操作方法 - Google Patents

动力工具及其快速锁紧和释放工作附件的操作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015027933A1
WO2015027933A1 PCT/CN2014/085385 CN2014085385W WO2015027933A1 WO 2015027933 A1 WO2015027933 A1 WO 2015027933A1 CN 2014085385 W CN2014085385 W CN 2014085385W WO 2015027933 A1 WO2015027933 A1 WO 2015027933A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power tool
control
control member
clutch
tool according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/085385
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钟红风
张士松
马一纯
闰尚亮
Original Assignee
苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 filed Critical 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司
Priority to JP2016537118A priority Critical patent/JP6258500B2/ja
Priority to CA2922583A priority patent/CA2922583A1/en
Priority to US14/914,944 priority patent/US10512971B2/en
Priority to EP14840100.3A priority patent/EP3040165B1/en
Priority to AU2014314778A priority patent/AU2014314778C1/en
Publication of WO2015027933A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015027933A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B45/00—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor
    • B23B45/02—Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor driven by electric power
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02—Chucks
    • B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/001—Gearings, speed selectors, clutches or the like specially adapted for rotary tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/02—Construction of casings, bodies or handles
    • B25F5/029—Construction of casings, bodies or handles with storage compartments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2231/00—Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
    • B23B2231/06—Chucks for handtools having means for opening and closing the jaws using the driving motor of the handtool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2231/00—Details of chucks, toolholder shanks or tool shanks
    • B23B2231/14—Chucks with clamping force limitation means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power tool and method of operation for quickly locking and releasing a work attachment. Background technique
  • Hand-held power tools such as electric drills, are used to drill a workpiece such as a board or the like.
  • a chuck for holding the work attachment is mounted on the spindle.
  • Work attachments can be selected with different sizes and types of drill bits.
  • When replacing or replacing the drill bit first need to open the clamp or release the drill bit originally clamped to the chuck, remove the original drill bit from the open chuck, and then insert the new drill bit. Then lock it in the collet.
  • the first type of chuck includes a core connected to the main shaft of the power tool, and a plurality of claws movably disposed on the core body are sleeved on the outside of the core body and screwed to the claws.
  • the jacket is rotated by hand to rotate the jacket relative to the stationary output shaft.
  • the rotation of the jacket causes the claws that are threaded to move relative to the core to move axially along the spindle, and the jaws are closed or opened.
  • the clamping or loosening of the drill bit is achieved, such as the collet device disclosed in the Chinese patent application CN 2 0 1 2 1 0 0 3 67 66.
  • the second chuck comprises a core connected to the main shaft of the power tool, a plurality of claws movably disposed on the core body, a nut sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the core body and screwed with the core body, and the rotation of the nut sleeve can be relative to
  • the axial movement of the core body the axial movement of the nut sleeve can push the axial displacement of the jaws, and the nut sleeve is rotated by hand to rotate the nut sleeve relative to the stationary output shaft.
  • the rotation of the nut sleeve causes the opposite core to be along the main axis.
  • the movement of the nut sleeve can promote the axial displacement of the jaws, and the jaws are closed or opened to achieve the clamping or relaxation of the drill bit, as in US Pat. No. 7 1 9 8 4 3 9 B 2 A disclosed collet device.
  • the jacket or the nut sleeve needs to be fixed by hand to keep it in a state of being relative to the housing, and then the power switch of the main body is turned on.
  • the motor drives the spindle to rotate to drive the core to rotate, and the core body
  • the rotation of the collet causes the jaws to be displaced relative to the core in the axial direction of the spindle, thereby enabling the jaws to lock or release the drill bit held therebetween.
  • the threaded pair of the collet and the claw or the nut sleeve of the nut has been engaged with the thread pair of the core, and the jacket or the nut sleeve will follow, causing friction with the human hand. , there are security issues.
  • the chuck has a clamping mode and a drilling mode, and in the clamping mode, the collet body is opposite to the housing Fixed, while the threaded element moves axially forward or backward Adjust the jaws to clamp or release; In the drilling mode, the chuck body is rotated by the spindle. That is, as long as one of the jacket or the core can be locked relative to the position of the housing, the relative movement between the jacket and the core can lock and release the drill bit.
  • the direction of rotation of the spindle needs to be determined, that is, the forward and reverse rotation control is performed, and then the motor is started to rotate the spindle in the predetermined mode.
  • the locking, the positive and negative rotation control, and the starting control structure of the jacket or the core are independently arranged, and the operator needs to separately operate different components to lock or release the drill bit, thereby making the operation cumbersome;
  • many components and their complex connections make the power tools bulky.
  • the present invention provides a quick-locking and releasing operation of a work attachment, and a compact, compact power tool.
  • a power tool comprising: a housing; a motor disposed within the housing; a spindle that is driven by the motor to output rotational power; a collet for locking and releasing the working attachment, the collet including a core connected to the main shaft, a plurality of claws disposed opposite to the core, and a jacket sleeved outside the core, the relative movement of the jacket and the core can drive the plurality of claws relative to the core Closing and opening; the power tool further includes a control device operative to lock the position of the jacket or core relative to the housing and to control the motor to be activated in a predetermined direction of rotation to cause the jacket and the core The relative motion between the two bodies.
  • control device includes a control member operatively movable relative to the housing between an initial position and a working position, the control member being in a working position, the control device functioning.
  • the power tool further comprises a reversing member for controlling a rotation direction of the motor
  • the control device further comprising a first transmission mechanism connected between the control member and the reversing member, the control member moving from the initial position to the work The position can trigger the commutator through the first transmission.
  • the first transmission mechanism includes a pair of reversing push blocks movable axially along the main shaft, and a reversing button that is slidably coupled to the reversing push block and axially movable along the vertical main axis
  • the reversing push block is symmetrically disposed on two sides of the reversing member, and the reversing button is used to trigger the reversing member.
  • control device further includes a connecting member connected to the control member and rotatable relative to the housing, wherein the connecting member is provided with a pair of first slope faces, and the commutating push blocks are respectively provided with corresponding ones a first inclined surface of the push block abutting the first slope surface, and a second inclined surface of the push block abutting the reversing button, wherein the reversing button is provided with a pair of commutations which can abut against the second inclined surface of the corresponding push block Beveled.
  • the power tool further includes a switch for controlling start and stop of the motor, the control device
  • the setting includes a second transmission mechanism coupled between the control member and the switch, and the movement of the control member from the initial position to the working position enables the switch to be triggered by the second transmission mechanism.
  • the second transmission mechanism includes a switch push button movable axially along the main shaft
  • the control device further includes a connecting member connected to the control member and rotatable relative to the housing, wherein the connecting member is provided with a pair The second ramp surface, the switch push button is provided with a pair of push button slopes that are selectively abutted with the second ramp surface, and the switch push button is used to trigger the switch.
  • control device further includes a clutch mechanism disposed between the control member and the jacket, the clutch mechanism has an engaged state and a separated state, and the control member is controlled from the initial position to the working position to control the clutch mechanism Switching from the disengaged state to the engaged state locks the position of the collet relative to the housing.
  • the clutch mechanism includes a first clutch unit fixedly disposed with respect to the jacket and a second clutch unit coupled to the control member, the second clutch unit being axially movable along the spindle to selectively engage the first clutch unit Or separate.
  • a stopping device is disposed between the first clutch unit and the second clutch unit, the stopping device is fixed relative to the housing, and the second elastic device is disposed between the stopping device and the second clutch unit Pieces.
  • the second clutch unit is provided with a plurality of receiving portions, and the second elastic member includes a plurality of compression springs corresponding to the receiving portion, and the compression spring is at least partially supported by the receiving portion.
  • control device further comprises a transmission member connected to the control member and located inside the housing, and the control member is switched from the initial position to the working position to drive the second clutch unit to move axially along the main shaft by the transmission member.
  • a cam mechanism is disposed between the transmission member and the second clutch unit.
  • the cam mechanism includes a first cam portion disposed on the transmission member, and a second cam portion disposed on the second clutch member, the first cam portion being rotated by the control member and the second cam portion The mating abuts and moves the second clutch element axially along the main axis.
  • the first clutch unit includes a first engaging member
  • the second clutch unit includes a supporting portion, and a second engaging member axially slidably disposed on the supporting portion along the main shaft, the second engaging member It is optional to engage or disengage the first engaging member.
  • a first elastic member is disposed between the second engaging member and the support portion.
  • the first engaging member is disposed as a tooth
  • the second engaging member includes a plurality of bayonet pins engageable with the gingival
  • the supporting portion includes a plurality of limit positions corresponding to the latch.
  • the card The pin is at least partially received in the corresponding limiting hole
  • the first elastic member includes a plurality of compression springs corresponding to the limiting hole, and the compression spring is completely received in the corresponding limiting hole and is engaged with the card.
  • the pin is abutted.
  • the clutch mechanism includes a first clutch unit fixedly disposed relative to the jacket and a clutch assembly mated with the control member, the clutch assembly including axial movement along the spindle selectively engageable or disengageable with the first clutch unit
  • the engaging member and the clutch member are axially movable along the spindle to be selectively engaged or disengaged from the engaging member.
  • an elastic device is disposed between the control member and the housing, and the elastic device provides an elastic force for the control member to return to the initial position from the working position.
  • control device further includes a clutch mechanism disposed between the control member and the jacket, the clutch mechanism has an engaged state and a separated state, and the control member is returned from the working position to the initial position, and the clutch mechanism is The transition of the engaged state to the disengaged state releases the locking of the jacket relative to the housing.
  • control device further includes a clutch mechanism disposed between the control member and the jacket, the clutch mechanism having an engaged state and a disengaged state, the power tool further comprising selectively separating or engaging the clutch mechanism
  • the holding mechanism converts the control member from an initial position to a working position, the clutch mechanism being in an engaged state and engaged with the retaining mechanism such that the control member is maintained in the operating position.
  • an elastic device is disposed between the control member and the housing.
  • the clutch mechanism When the clutch mechanism is in a separated state, the clutch mechanism is separated from the holding mechanism, and the elastic device provides an elastic force for the control member to return from the working position to the initial position. .
  • control member is rotatable relative to the housing between an initial position and a working position, the axis of rotation of the control member being parallel or collinear with the central axis of the main shaft.
  • the working position includes a first working position and a second working position.
  • the control device controls the motor to start in a preset first direction, when the control member is in the second working position.
  • the control device controls the motor to start in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
  • the first working position and the second working position are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the initial position.
  • the power tool further includes a reversing member for controlling a rotation direction of the motor and a switch for controlling start and stop of the motor, wherein the control device compares the jacket during the movement of the control member from the initial position to the working position.
  • the position of the housing is locked, the commutator is triggered, and the switch is triggered last.
  • the control device includes a clutch mechanism disposed between the control member and the jacket,
  • the working position includes a first position, a second position, and a third position.
  • the clutch mechanism is separated.
  • the clutch mechanism is engaged to cause the jacket to be opposite to the shell.
  • the position of the body is locked.
  • the control member is in the second position, the commutator is triggered, and when the control member is in the third position, the switch is triggered.
  • the first, second, and third positions include two, and the first, second, and third positions are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the initial position.
  • the power tool includes two modes of operation, including an automatic mode in which the operating controls lock and release the collet, and a manual mode in which the collet is moved relative to the core.
  • an automatic mode in which the operating controls lock and release the collet
  • a manual mode in which the collet is moved relative to the core.
  • the present invention also provides a method of operating a quick-locking work attachment; the method of operation comprising the steps of: operating the control member from an initial position to a working position; and then releasing the control member.
  • the operation of moving the control member from the initial position to the working position is to rotate the control member.
  • control device includes a control member operatively selecting an initial state or an operating state, a processor, a control member state detecting circuit, and a driving control circuit, wherein the control member state detecting circuit detects a physical state parameter of the control member, and processes The controller transmits a control signal corresponding to the physical state parameter according to the detected physical state parameter, and the drive control circuit is configured to receive a control signal of the processor and control the motor to start in a predetermined rotation direction.
  • control member is movably disposed relative to the housing and is movable between an initial position and an operating position corresponding to the initial state and the working state, the control member state detecting circuit including a position for detecting a position of the control member A sensor.
  • the first sensor comprises at least two Hall sensors.
  • control device further includes a second sensor for measuring the motor load parameter, and the processor compares the motor load parameter detected by the sensor with a preset value, when the detected motor load parameter is greater than a preset The value controls the motor to stop.
  • control member is configured as a signal switch, and when the signal switch is triggered, generates an electrical signal and transmits it to the processor, and the processor controls the motor to start in a predetermined rotational direction in response to the electrical signal.
  • control device further includes an electromagnet device that cooperates with the jacket or the core, and the processor controls the electromagnet device to be energized to receive the jacket after receiving the signal that the signal switch is turned on. Or the core is locked relative to the position of the housing.
  • the power tool further includes a reversing member for controlling a rotation direction of the motor and a control motor Starting and stopping the trigger, the processor controls the motor to rotate in a predetermined direction according to the position signal of the reversing member, and the processor controls the starting and stopping of the motor according to the position signal of the trigger.
  • the power tool of the invention adopts the above technical solution, so that the operator can realize quick locking or releasing the working attachment by one-touch operation, that is, by rotating one component of the operating member, and the operation cylinder is simple and convenient;
  • the compact design of the quick-locking or releasing of the working attachment makes the power tool body lightweight and easy to carry.
  • a power tool comprising: a housing; a motor disposed in the housing; a spindle that outputs rotational power by the motor; a chuck for locking And releasing the working attachment, the collet includes a core connected to the main shaft, a plurality of claws disposed opposite to the core body, and a jacket sleeved on the outer side of the core body, the jacket sleeve moves relative to the core body to drive The plurality of jaws are closed and flared relative to the core; wherein the power tool further includes a control device and a retaining mechanism, the control device including a control member operatively movable between an initial position and a working position, The control member is moved to the working position to cause the control device to lock the position of the jacket or core relative to the housing and to cause the retaining mechanism to retain the control member in the operative position.
  • the power tool of the present invention utilizes the above-described technical solution, so that the operator can hold the control member in the working position by moving the control member to the working position. It is not necessary to manually operate other mechanisms to hold the control member in the working position, so that the locking and releasing operation of the working attachment of the power tool is very convenient.
  • control member is rotatable relative to the housing between an initial position and a working position, the axis of rotation of the control member being parallel or collinear with the central axis of the main shaft.
  • control device further includes a clutch mechanism disposed between the control member and the jacket, the clutch mechanism has an engaged state and a separated state, and the retaining mechanism is selectively separable from the clutch mechanism Alternatively, the control member is transitioned from an initial position to a working position, the clutch mechanism being in an engaged state and engaged with the retaining mechanism such that the control member remains in the operative position.
  • clutch mechanism disposed between the control member and the jacket, the clutch mechanism has an engaged state and a separated state, and the retaining mechanism is selectively separable from the clutch mechanism
  • the control member is transitioned from an initial position to a working position, the clutch mechanism being in an engaged state and engaged with the retaining mechanism such that the control member remains in the operative position.
  • the clutch mechanism comprises a first clutch unit fixedly disposed with respect to the jacket, and a second clutch unit connected to the control member, the second clutch unit being selectively selectable along the axial axis of the spindle
  • the first clutch unit is engaged or disengaged, and when the second clutch unit is engaged with the first clutch unit, the retaining mechanism cooperates with the second clutch unit to maintain the control member in the operating position.
  • the retaining mechanism includes a retaining member pivotally disposed relative to the control member and an elastic member that urges the retaining member to always contact the second clutching unit.
  • the first clutch unit includes a first engaging member
  • the second clutch unit includes a supporting portion
  • a second engaging member axially slidably disposed along the main shaft to the supporting portion
  • the second The engaging member may be selectively engaged or disengaged from the first engaging member, the second engaging member having a convex portion extending outward in the circumferential direction, the convex portion when the second engaging member is engaged with the first engaging member
  • the retaining member retains the retaining member to retain the control member in the operative position, and the raised portion is remote from the retaining member when the second engaging member is separated from the first engaging member.
  • the working position comprises a first working position for locking the working attachment and a second working position for releasing the working attachment
  • the holding members are provided as at least two, wherein one holding member is used for The control member is held in the first working position, and the other retaining member is used to hold the control member in the second working position.
  • control device further includes a connecting member connected to the control member and rotatable relative to the housing, the rotation axis of the connecting member is parallel or collinear with the central axis of the main shaft, and the retaining member passes through the pivot
  • the pivot is provided on the connecting member.
  • the connecting member is provided with a receiving cavity
  • the opening of the receiving cavity is located on an outer circumferential surface of the connecting member
  • the holding member is at least partially received in the receiving cavity
  • the pivoting member is disposed in the receiving cavity
  • the elastic member is disposed as a torsion spring and is sleeved on the pivot shaft, and one end of the torsion spring abuts against a side of the receiving cavity The other end of the torsion spring abuts against the holder.
  • an elastic device is disposed between the control member and the housing, and the clutch mechanism is separated from the holding mechanism, and the elastic device provides an elastic force for the control member to return from the working position to the initial position.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a power drill in a preferred first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective exploded view of the electric drill housing and the movement of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the electric drill of Figure 1 in a front view direction.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a perspective exploded view of the electric drill core shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 6 is a perspective exploded view of the second clutch element of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of another clutch mechanism of the electric drill of Figure 1 with the clutch mechanism separated from the jacket.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the clutch mechanism of Figure 7 engaged with the collet.
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of the connector of Figure 5.
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the pair of reversing push blocks mated with the pair of reversing push blocks in the initial position of the connector of Figure 5.
  • Figure 1 1 is a perspective view of the reversing button in Figure 5, where the front of the reversing button is visible.
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view of the reversing button of Figure 5, in which the reverse side of the reversing button is visible.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the connection between the connecting member of Fig. 5 and one of the reversing push block, the reversing push block and the reversing button, the reversing button and the reversing switch, and the main switch.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the reversing button and the reversing switch in Fig. 13, in which the reversing switch is in the forward rotation position.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the matching relationship between the reversing button and the reversing switch in Figure 13, where the reversing switch is in the initial position.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the matching relationship between the reversing button and the reversing switch in Figure 13, where the reversing switch is reversed.
  • Figure 17 is a perspective view of the main switch push button when the connector of Figure 5 is in the initial position.
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view of the connector and the main switch push button, the main switch push button and the main switch button, and the main switch button and the main switch in Fig. 5.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the state of the control device of the electric drill in an initial position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the control device of the electric drill of Figure 19 in a first operational state.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the control device of the electric drill of Figure 19 in a second working state.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the control device of the electric drill of Figure 19 in a third operational state.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the control device of the electric drill of Figure 19 in a fourth working state.
  • Figure 24 is a schematic view showing the control device of the electric drill of Figure 19 in a fifth working state.
  • Figure 25 is a schematic view showing the control device of the electric drill of Figure 19 in a sixth working state.
  • Figure 26 is a control schematic diagram of an electric drill in a preferred second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 27 is a view showing the position of the electric drill in Fig. 26 detecting the control member through the sensor, at which time the control member is in the initial position.
  • Figure 28 is similar to Figure 27, in which the control member is in the operating position to release the drill bit.
  • Figure 29 is similar to Figure 27, in which the control member is in the working position of the clamping bit.
  • Figure 30 is a flow chart of the electric drill of Figure 26 detecting the position of the swivel by means of a sensor to control the motor.
  • Figure 3 1 is a perspective exploded view of the swivel sleeve, the retaining mechanism, the transmission member and the connecting member of Figure 5.
  • Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view showing the holding mechanism of the electric drill according to the embodiment of the present invention. At this point the swivel is in the initial position.
  • Figure 33 is a cross-sectional view showing the holding mechanism of the electric drill of the embodiment of the present invention. The swivel sleeve is now in the middle between the initial position and the working position.
  • Figure 34 is a cross-sectional view of the holding mechanism of the electric drill of the embodiment of the present invention. At this point the swivel sleeve is in the working position. In the picture:
  • Transmission mechanism 17a Transmission housing 18. Electric motor
  • Control member state detecting circuit 82 Drive control circuit 531. External teeth
  • an embodiment of the power tool of the present invention uses a hand-held electric drill 10, which includes a housing 2 and a main body 20, wherein the housing 2 is composed of two Huff-type half-shells 2a. .
  • the housing 2 includes a main housing that houses the electric motor 18, and a handle housing for forming the handle 4.
  • the main housing and the handle housing cross each other.
  • the main housing and the handle housing of the electric drill 10 are basically Vertical setting.
  • a battery pack 8 for energizing the motor 18 is disposed at one end of the handle 4 away from the electric motor 18.
  • the battery pack 8 is detachably coupled to the handle 4.
  • the main unit 20 includes a motor 18, a chuck 3 that is rotated by the motor 18, a transmission mechanism 17 disposed between the chuck 3 and the motor 18, and a control device 60.
  • the chuck 3 is used for holding a work attachment such as a drill bit, a bit, a shovel head, a adapter, etc.
  • the drill 5 is taken as an example for description.
  • the control unit 60 is used to control the chuck 3 to quickly lock or release the drill bit 5.
  • the control device 60 includes a control member rotatably disposed relative to the housing 2, and the control member of the present embodiment is shaped to fit the housing 2 in the form of a sleeve 6, suitable for manual rotation operation and between the initial position and the working position relative to the housing 2 Movement, control device 60 functions when the control member is in the working position.
  • the rotation center line of the rotary sleeve 6 is disposed coaxially with the central axis of the main shaft 16.
  • the center line of rotation of the swivel sleeve 6 of the present embodiment may also be disposed in parallel with the central axis of the main shaft 16.
  • the end of the handle 4 near the motor 18 is provided with a reverse button 64 for controlling the positive and reverse rotation of the motor 18, and a main switch button 9 for controlling the start of the motor 18.
  • the housing 2 is provided with a main switch 66 for controlling the rotation of the motor 18, and a reversing switch 65 for controlling the direction of rotation of the motor 18.
  • the reversing switch 65 is provided with a dial 65a, a main switch button 9 is disposed on the handle 4 near the side of the chuck 3 for convenient operation control.
  • the main switch 66 and the reversing switch 65 of the embodiment can be integrated on one switch, and the forward and reverse rotation setting of the motor 18 and the motor 18 are realized by triggering the reversing button 64 and the main switch button 9 (or the trigger). start up.
  • the battery pack 8 is provided with a rechargeable battery 8 a.
  • the lithium battery for the battery pack of the embodiment of the present invention may of course be replaced with other products such as lead acid and nickel cadmium batteries.
  • the rotational power of the motor 18 is transmitted to the main shaft 16 through the transmission mechanism 17.
  • the transmission mechanism 17 is housed in the transmission housing 17a.
  • Chuck 3 includes and spindle
  • the number of jaws 14 of the embodiment of the invention comprises three.
  • the connection between the main shaft 16 and the core 12 may be directly connected or indirectly connected.
  • the claws 14 will be oppositely clamped.
  • the sleeve 13 produces a displacement axially along the main shaft 16 such that the collet 3 locks or releases the drill bit 5 by the jaws 14.
  • the skilled person can easily think that the relative movement of the core body and the jacket can cause the jaws to generate displacement along the axial direction of the main shaft, and then the position of the core body relative to the housing is fixed, and the spindle drives the jacket to rotate.
  • the collet can be locked or released by the jaws.
  • the control device 60 of the present invention operatively locks the position of the jacket 13 or core 12 relative to the housing 2 and controls the motor 18 to be activated in a predetermined direction of rotation such that both the jacket 13 and the core 13 are relatively Movement, the collet 3 locks or releases the drill bit.
  • the control unit 60 further includes a connecting member 6a connected to the rotary sleeve 6 and extending axially inside the housing 2, and a transmission member 6b connected to the connecting member 6a and located inside the connecting member 6a.
  • the rotary sleeve 6, the connecting member 6a and the transmission member 6b are relatively fixed, and can also be integrally formed.
  • a clutch mechanism 30 is disposed between the transmission member 6b and the jacket 13, and the clutch mechanism 30 has an engaged state and a disengaged state.
  • a portion of the casing 2 adjacent to the main switch button 9 is provided with a curved bracket 21, and the elastic member is supported in the recess of the curved bracket 21, and the elastic member of the present embodiment is provided with a compression spring 22.
  • the portion of the sleeve connecting portion 6a opposite to the curved bracket 21 has a pair of spaced apart projections 25.
  • the compression spring 22 is located between the two projections 25 and the ends of the compression spring 22 are respectively abutted. By the bump 25.
  • the rotary sleeve 6 When the rotary sleeve 6 is rotated, when the rotary sleeve 6 drives the connecting portion 6a to rotate to one side, at least one of the two projections 25 abuts against the compression spring 22 and compresses the compression spring 22; once the rotary sleeve 6 is released, Under the force of the compression spring 22, the sleeve 6 is automatically reversely rotated to the initial position, i.e., the compression spring 22 provides an elastic force for the sleeve 6 to return to the initial position from the working position.
  • the elastic member of this embodiment is not limited to the compression spring 22, and those skilled in the art can replace it with other elastic means as long as the elastic recovery force is provided when the rotary sleeve 6 is returned from the working position to the initial position.
  • the end of the rotating sleeve 6 away from the chuck 3 is provided with a key 1 1
  • the end of the connecting member 6a adjacent to the rotating sleeve 6 is provided with a key groove 15
  • the rotating sleeve 6 and the connecting member 6 a pass the key 1 1 Keyway
  • the connecting member 6a and the transmission member 6b are respectively arranged as a ring member, and the annular inner side wall of the connecting member 6a is provided with a key tooth 19, and correspondingly, the annular peripheral surface of the transmission member 6b is provided with a key groove 29, the transmission member 6b is fixedly connected to the inside of the connecting member 6a by the engagement of the key groove 29 with the key teeth 19.
  • the clutch mechanism 30 includes a first clutch member 24 fixedly disposed relative to the jacket 13 and a second clutch member 28 mated with the control member, wherein the second clutch member 28 is movable in the axial direction of the spindle 16 to be selectively coupled to the first clutch member 28 mesh or separate.
  • the first clutch element 24 is fixedly coupled to the jacket 13 .
  • the first clutch element 24 can be integrally formed with the jacket 13 ; the second clutch element 28 is configured as a ring member.
  • the transmission member 6b faces the one end surface of the second clutch member 28 A plurality of first cam faces 3 1 are formed, and a plurality of second cam faces 32 are formed correspondingly to one end surface of the second clutch member 28 toward the transmission member 6b; the first cam faces 3 1 and the second cam faces 32 constitute a cam mechanism disposed between the transmission member 6b and the second clutch member 28; when the sleeve 6 is in the initial position, the first cam surface 3 1 and the second cam surface 32 are offset from each other, that is, the concave and convex mesh; the rotary sleeve 6 When the first cam surface 31 is rotated to abut against the second cam surface 32, that is, the concave-convex separation or the convex-convex abutment causes the second clutch member 28 to be displaced in the axial direction of the sleeve 3 toward the jacket 3, thereby The second clutch element 28 is made engageable or disengageable with the first clutch element 24.
  • the movement of the sleeve 6 from the initial position to the working position can control the clutch mechanism 30 to transition from the disengaged state to the engaged state so that the jacket 13 is locked relative to the housing 2.
  • the clutch mechanism 30 is shifted from the engaged state to the disengaged state so that the locking of the jacket 13 relative to the housing 2 is released.
  • a spline portion 27 is disposed at one end of the transmission mechanism housing 17a adjacent to the second clutch member 28.
  • the inner side wall of the second clutch member 28 is provided with a key groove 26, the mating spline portion 27 through the key groove 26, and the second clutch member
  • the sleeve is connected to the transmission housing 17a and is axially movable relative to the transmission housing 17a.
  • a baffle 40 is disposed between the second clutch member 28 and the first clutch member 24, and the baffle 40 is provided with a plurality of notches 42 along the circumferential portion thereof, and the baffle 40 is coupled to the spline portion 27 by a fastener.
  • the fastener of the present embodiment employs a screw 41.
  • An elastic member is disposed between the second clutch member 28 and the baffle 40. In the embodiment, the elastic member is pressed by the compression spring 45, and the second clutch member 28 is disposed on the side end surface of the baffle 40 along the circumferential direction.
  • the control device 60 further includes a pair of reversing push blocks 62 that are selectively coupled to the connecting member 6a, a reversing button 64 that is slidably coupled to the reversing push block 62, and optionally mating with the connecting member 6a.
  • the main switch push button 68 of the main switch 66 is triggered.
  • An elastic member is disposed between the reversing push block 62 and the transmission mechanism 17, and the return spring 48 is used in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second clutch member 28 includes a support portion 28a and a cam portion 28b, and the support portion 28a and the cam portion 28b are fastened together by screws 33.
  • the second cam surface 32 is provided on the cam portion 28b and on the side end surface opposite to the support portion 28a.
  • the second clutch member 28 includes a second engaging member.
  • the end surface of the supporting portion 28a opposite to the cam portion 28b is circumferentially disposed.
  • the pin 36 is exposed at the tip end of the limiting hole 35 to pass through the notch 42 of the baffle 40 and optionally engage the first engaging member of the first clutch member 24.
  • the compression spring 37 abuts against the cam portion 28b at one end and abuts the bayonet 36 at the other end, so that the bayonet 36 is forced to move axially relative to the support portion 28a against the force of the compression spring 37.
  • the first pin member is selectively engaged or disengaged from the first engaging member of the first clutch member 24 as a second engaging member.
  • the first engaging member in the embodiment is a one disposed on the jacket 13 adjacent to the second clutch member 28.
  • the gums 43 of the side end faces (see Fig. 5).
  • the clutch mechanism is not limited to the above-described structural form, and Figs. 7 and 8 show another clutch mechanism 30a in this embodiment.
  • the clutch mechanism 30a includes a first clutch member coupled to the jacket 13 and a clutch assembly mated with the sleeve 6.
  • the first clutch member is configured as a gum 43a that is coupled to the jacket 13 and has internal teeth disposed on the inner circumferential surface thereof.
  • the clutch assembly includes an engaging member 53 and a clutch member 54.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the engaging member 53 is provided with an external tooth 53 1 engageable with the gingival 43 a.
  • the engaging member 53 faces the end surface of the clutch member 54 and is provided with a first clutch tooth.
  • the end surface of the corresponding clutch member 54 is provided with a second clutch tooth that cooperates with the first clutch tooth, wherein the clutch member 54 is fixed on the transmission housing 17a along the circumferential direction of the main shaft, and the clutch member 54 and the engaging member 53 are disposed between
  • the return spring the rotation of the sleeve 6 can drive the clutch member 54 to move axially along the main shaft such that the first clutch teeth mesh with the second clutch teeth, and then the clutch member 54 drives the engaging member 53 to move axially along the spindle such that the external teeth 53 1 and the gums
  • the engagement of the 43 a is such that the rotation of the jacket 13 in the circumferential direction relative to the housing 2 is locked.
  • a pair of first slope faces 70 and a pair of second slope faces 72 are disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the connecting member 6a, and the first slope faces 70 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the main spindle 16, A first straight plane 7 1 is connected between the first slope faces 70; the second ramp faces 72 are also symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the main shaft 16, and the second straight faces 73 are connected between the second slope faces 72;
  • the plane 7 1 is substantially parallel to the second straight plane 73, and the first ramp surface 70 and the second ramp surface 72 extend substantially the same direction.
  • a pair of reversing push blocks 62 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main shaft 16, and the reversing push blocks 62 are respectively disposed There is a push block first inclined surface 62a for slidingly mating with the second ramp surface 72, and a push block second inclined surface 62b for slidingly mating with the reverse button 64.
  • the second ramp surface 72 of the connecting member 6a abuts the corresponding first inclined surface 62a and moves the reversing push block 62 axially along the main shaft 16 indicated by the arrow M1.
  • the reversing push block 62 can be automatically returned to the initial position by the return spring 48 while the swivel sleeve 6 is rotationally reset.
  • the reversing button 64 includes a reversing portion 64a and an acting portion 64b at both ends of the reversing portion 64a.
  • One side surface of the acting portion 64b is respectively provided with a reversing slope 64c, a reversing slope 64c is used for slidingly mating with the second inclined surface 62b of the corresponding reversing push block 62; the side of the reversing portion 64a opposite to the reversing inclined surface 64c is provided with a waist groove 67 for receiving the reversing switch 65.
  • Dial 65a see Figure 3).
  • the reversing button 64 is moved axially perpendicular to the main shaft 16 by the action of the reversing push block 62, i.e., along the arrow M2 or the arrow M2. 'The movement shown in the direction.
  • the dial 65a is pivotally disposed on the reversing switch 65.
  • the dial 65a received in the waist groove 67 is pivoted to The first working position, that is, pivoting to the position where the control motor 18 is rotated forward;
  • the reversing button 64 is moved in the direction opposite to the arrow M2, that is, the direction indicated by the arrow M2', the dial 65a received in the waist groove 67 Pivoting to the second working position, i.e., pivoting to a position where the control motor 18 is reversed.
  • the main switch 66 cannot be triggered by the operation, only when the dial 65a of the reversing switch 65 is moved to In the first or second working position, the main switch 66 can be initially triggered and the motor 18 is rotated in the forward or reverse direction. It can be seen from the above that by the interaction between the connecting member 6a and the reversing push block 62, the rotary sleeve 6 can be driven to move in the predetermined direction by rotating the rotary sleeve 6 to the working position, and the reversing button 64 drives the dial 65a to control the motor.
  • the direction of rotation of the 18, that is, the connecting member 6a, the reversing push block 62 and the reversing button 64 constitute the first transmission mechanism of the swivel sleeve 6 to the dial 65a or the swivel sleeve 6 to the reversing switch 65, the dial 65a Or the reversing switch 65 constitutes the reversing member in the embodiment, and the movement of the rotating sleeve 6 from the initial position to the working position enables the reversing member to be triggered by the first transmission mechanism.
  • the main switch push button 68 is provided with a pair of push button slopes 68a which are slidably coupled to the first ramp surface 70, respectively.
  • the main switch push button 68 abuts against the first straight plane 71 located between the first slope surface 70; when the rotating sleeve 6 drives the connecting member 6a to rotate the center line of the main shaft 16 with respect to the shell
  • the push button slope 68a is slidably coupled with the corresponding first slope surface 70, causing the main switch push button 68 to be along the main shaft 16 axis indicated by the arrow M1. To the movement.
  • the main switch push button 68 is provided with a contact foot 68b extending in the direction of the main switch 66, and the touch pin 68b is mated with the main switch button 9 so that the main switch push button 68 is interlocked with the main switch button 9, when the main switch push button 68 When moving in the direction indicated by the arrow M1, the main switch button 9 is moved together to trigger the main switch 66. It can be seen from the above that by rotating the rotating sleeve 6 to the working position by the interaction between the connecting member 6a and the main switch push button 68, the main switch push button 68 can be driven to move, that is, the connecting member 6a and the main switch push button 68.
  • a second transmission mechanism that constitutes the sleeve 6 to the main switch 66 is formed.
  • the movement of the sleeve 6 from the initial position to the working position enables the main switch 66 to be activated by the second transmission mechanism, thereby opening the motor 18.
  • the main switch 66 and the reversing switch 65 of the embodiment of the present invention are integrally disposed. Of course, those skilled in the art can adjust according to the internal structure of the casing 2.
  • the control member of the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by taking the main shaft 16 as a rotation center line and rotating the main shaft 2 to the side. Note that since the steps of the control member rotating in the opposite direction to the other side of the housing 2 are substantially the same, no further description is made. It should be clarified that both the forward and reverse directions referred to in this embodiment represent two opposite directions of rotation, namely the first direction and the second direction.
  • the control device 60 When the rotary sleeve 6 is rotated in the first direction, the control device 60 is used to clamp the working head 5 to the chuck 3, and when the rotary sleeve 6 is rotated in the second direction, the control device 60 releases the working head 5 from the chuck 3. That is to say, the rotary sleeve 6 is rotated to the working position, the control device is activated, and the rotary sleeve 6 has two working positions, symmetrically disposed on both sides of the initial position.
  • the reversing switch 65' is conductive, and at this time, the first inclined surface 62a of the reversing push block 62 abuts against the second slope surface 72 of the corresponding connecting member 6a, and pushes the second inclined surface 62b and the commutation
  • the reversing inclined surface 64c of the button 64 abuts; the tip end of the push button inclined surface 68a of the main switch push button 68 abuts against the first straight plane 71.
  • the connecting member 6a drives the transmission member 6b to rotate, and the second cam surface 32 on the second clutch member 28 and the transmission member 6b are rotated.
  • the first cam surface 31 begins to approach; the second clutch member 28 approaches the first clutch member 24; the second ramp 62b of the push block slides on the commutating slope 64c of the reversing button 64 to produce displacement along the axis of the spindle.
  • the reversing button 64 is pushed to be displaced in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft, and the reversing switch 65 starts to switch direction; the top end of the push button bevel 68 a of the main switch push button 68 starts to be first on the first straight plane 7 1 Sliding in the direction of the slope surface 70.
  • the connecting member 6a drives the transmission member 6b to rotate by a corresponding angle, the second cam surface 32 on the second clutch member 28 and the first cam surface 3 1 on the transmission member 6b.
  • the detent 36 of the second clutch member 28 begins to engage with the gum 43 of the first clutch member 24; the second ramp 62b of the push block slides in the direction of the spindle axis M1 to the reversing ramp 64c of the reversing button 64 Disengagement, the reversing button 64 moves to the vertical spindle axis direction M2 to switch the reversing switch 65 into position, that is, the reversing switch 65 is turned on in the forward rotation position; at this time, the push button bevel 68a of the main switch push button 68 is at the top end.
  • the first straight plane 71 continues to slide toward the first ramp surface 70.
  • the second cam surface 32 on the second clutch member 28 abuts the first cam surface 31 on the transmission member 6b, and pushes the second clutch member 28 further toward the second A clutch member 24 is close to;
  • the second ramp 62b of the push block is disengaged from the reversing ramp 64c of the reversing button 64, and is then engaged with the reversing button 64, and no longer continues to move;
  • the push button bevel 68 a of the main switch push button 68 is at the top
  • the first straight plane 71 moves further toward the first ramp surface 70.
  • the rotating sleeve 6 is further rotated, and the second clutch member 28 is further urged by the transmission member 6b, and the second cam surface 32 is further abutted with the first cam surface 31, and the latch 36 is coupled to the first clutch.
  • the yoke 43 of the member 24 is engaged in position; the push button ramp 68a of the main switch push button 68 is coupled to the first ramp surface 70 to initiate the movement of the main switch push button 68 in the direction of the spindle axis M1.
  • the swivel sleeve 6 is further rotated so that the swivel sleeve 6 is in the first working position, the main switch push button 68 is moved to the position where the main switch 66 is closed, and the power source is turned on to rotate the motor 18 in the forward direction.
  • the operator can hear the slipping sound of the bayonet 36 on the surface of the gingival 43, as long as the sleeve 6 is released, the sleeve 6 is rotated. Will return to the initial position.
  • the locking operation of the drill bit 5 by the control device 60 is completed.
  • the initial position and each working position respectively include a first position, a second position, and a third position.
  • the clutch mechanism 30 is separated, when the rotating sleeve 6 is at In the first position, the clutch mechanism is engaged to lock the position of the jacket 13 relative to the housing 1.
  • the direction member is triggered, and when the sleeve 6 is in the third position, the switch Triggered. Since the working position of the rotary sleeve 6 has two, the corresponding first position, second position, and third position also have two, symmetrically disposed on both sides of the initial position.
  • the control device 60 first needs to position the collet relative to the housing during the movement of the swivel sleeve 6 from the initial position to the working position.
  • Locking, triggering the reversing member, and finally triggering the switch that is, the locking collet and the triggering reversing member can be simultaneously, that is, the first position and the second position are the same, or the locking member can be triggered after the clamping is first locked or triggered first. Locking the jacket after the reversing member, in any case, ensuring that the jacket and the triggering reversing member have been locked before the triggering of the switch, the operation of the electric drill can be made safer and more reliable.
  • the above is the automatic mode of operating the control to lock and release the chuck.
  • the operator does not want to use the automatic mode, he can also choose the manual mode of operating the jacket relative to the core movement, just set the jacket to It has a part that can be operated outside.
  • the above description is that the operation control member automatically locks or releases the drill bit 5 by mechanical means.
  • the specific operation method includes the following steps: The operation of the rotary sleeve 6 is moved from the initial position to the working position; and then the rotary sleeve 6 is released. The operation of the swivel sleeve 6 from the initial position to the working position is rotation.
  • the operation control member is automatically described below to automatically lock or release the drill bit 5 by means of electromechanical bonding.
  • Fig. 26 shows a control principle diagram of the electric drill in the preferred second embodiment, the mechanical mechanism of the electric drill is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the manner of controlling the motor 18 is realized electronically.
  • the control device 60a includes a control unit operatively selecting an initial state or an operating state, a processor 80,
  • the control member state detecting circuit 8 1 and the driving control circuit 82 detect the physical state parameters of the control member, that is, the position, the switch or the electronic signal, etc., and the processor 80 transmits the physical state parameter according to the detected physical state parameter.
  • the physical state parameter corresponds to the control signal
  • the drive control circuit 82 is configured to receive the control signal of the processor 80 and control the motor 18 to be activated in a predetermined direction of rotation, that is, the direction of rotation corresponding to locking or releasing the bit.
  • the processor 80 can use an MCU, a PLC, or a CPU.
  • the processor 80 is a computer control system (MCU).
  • the control member may still be in the form of a rotary sleeve 6, the rotary sleeve 6 being movably disposed relative to the housing 2, and being movable between an initial position and a working position corresponding to the initial state and the working state, and detecting the position of the rotary sleeve 6 by the sensor .
  • Fig. 30 is a flow chart showing the position of the swivel by the sensor to control the motor.
  • the sensor includes at least two Hall sensors. Taking two Hall sensors as an example, the No. 1 Hall sensor 81 1 and the No. 2 Hall sensor 812 are mounted on the PCB board 8 10 , that is, a printed circuit board, and the PCB board is mounted on On the transmission housing 17a, the magnetic steel 8 13 is mounted on the rotating sleeve 6, the rotation control sleeve 13 of the rotating sleeve 6 is locked with respect to the housing 2, the PCB board is powered, and the two Hall sensors pass the magnetic steel.
  • the position signal of the swivel sleeve 6 is detected.
  • neither Hall sensor has a signal output, that is, it is in the OFF state, and the drill can work normally, as shown in Figure 27.
  • the No. 1 Hall sensor 8 1 1 detects the magnetic steel 8 13 signal, and is in the ON state
  • the No. 2 Hall sensor 812 does not detect the magnetic steel 8 13 signal, and is in the OFF state.
  • processor 80 instructs drive control circuit 82 to control motor 18 to rotate in a predetermined first direction such that the collet releases the drill bit, as shown in FIG.
  • the No. 1 Hall sensor 8 11 When the rotary sleeve 6 is rotated to the locked working position, the No. 1 Hall sensor 8 11 does not detect the magnetic steel 813 signal, and is in the OFF state, and the second Hall sensor 8 12 detects the magnetic steel 813 signal, which is in the ON state.
  • the processor 80 instructs the drive control circuit 82 to control the motor to rotate in a predetermined second direction opposite the first direction such that the collet clamps the drill bit, as shown in FIG.
  • the electronic clutch can also be used, that is, the control device 60a further includes a sensor for measuring the motor load parameter, and the motor load parameter can be a current flowing through the motor, a motor voltage, a motor speed, or a motor efficiency. Then, the processor compares the motor load parameter detected by the sensor with a preset value, and controls the motor to stop when the detected motor load parameter is greater than a preset value.
  • the control component in this embodiment can also be configured as a signal switch.
  • the signal switch When the signal switch is triggered, an electrical signal is generated and transmitted to the processor, and the processor controls the motor to rotate according to the predetermined signal in response to the electrical signal. Start in the direction of rotation.
  • the jacket can be locked by electronic control.
  • the control device further includes an electromagnet device that cooperates with the jacket or the core. After receiving the signal of the signal switch, the processor controls the electromagnet device to be energized. Lock the position of the jacket or core relative to the housing.
  • the main switch may not be provided, only the reversing member for controlling the rotation direction of the motor and the trigger for controlling the starting and stopping of the motor may be provided, and the processor controls the motor to rotate according to the predetermined direction according to the position signal of the reversing member, the processor The start and stop of the motor are controlled according to the position signal of the trigger.
  • the operator only needs to operate the control member of the control device to lock or release the drill bit 5, and the operation cylinder is simple and quick; the position of the jacket or the core relative to the housing is locked and controlled by the control device.
  • the motor is activated in a predetermined direction of rotation to cause relative movement between the jacket and the core; and the components of the control device are tightly coupled, making the power tool very lightweight and portable.
  • the electric drill 10 also includes a retaining mechanism.
  • the control device 60 can lock the position of the jacket 13 or the core 1 2 relative to the housing 1 (see Figs. 2 and 3), and the holding mechanism holds the sleeve 6 At work location.
  • the operation of the sleeve 6 not only locks the position of the jacket 13 or the core 1 2 relative to the housing 2, but also allows the holding mechanism to hold the sleeve 6 when the sleeve 6 is rotated to the working position. In the working position, it is not necessary to manually hold the swivel sleeve 6 in the working position, thus making the electric drill operation of the present invention more convenient.
  • the sleeve 6 can also operatively control the direction of rotation of the motor.
  • the rotary sleeve 6 when the rotary sleeve 6 is operated, the position of the jacket 13 or the core 1 2 relative to the housing 1 is locked and the direction of rotation of the motor is controlled, and the rotary sleeve 6 is held in the working position, the starter motor can be locked or released. Work attachment.
  • the power tool further includes a reversing button 64 for controlling the direction of rotation of the motor, and the reversing button 64 is movable between a starting position and a reversing position, and controlling
  • the device 60 further includes a first transmission mechanism coupled between the rotating sleeve 6 and the reversing button 64.
  • the movement of the sleeve 6 from the initial position to the working position enables the reversing button 64 to be moved from the starting position to the shifting position by the first transmission mechanism. To the location. Thereby controlling the direction of rotation of the motor.
  • how the rotary sleeve 6 moves the reversing button 64 through the first transmission mechanism has been described in detail above, and will not be described herein.
  • the rotary sleeve 6 can also operatively control the starting and stopping of the motor.
  • the power tool further includes a main switch 66 for controlling the starting and stopping of the motor
  • the control device 60 further includes a second transmission mechanism connected between the rotating sleeve 6 and the main switch 66.
  • the movement of the swivel sleeve 6 from the initial position to the working position enables the main switch 66 to be triggered by the second transmission.
  • how the rotary sleeve 6 triggers the main switch through the second transmission mechanism has been described in detail above, and will not be described herein.
  • the swivel sleeve 6 operatively controls the motor to rotate in a predetermined direction, that is, the swivel sleeve 6 operatively controls the direction of rotation of the motor, and also controls the starting and stopping of the motor, thereby making the operation of the electric drill more Convenience.
  • the reversing button 64 and the switch 66 can also be independently provided.
  • the swivel sleeve 6 does not control the reversing button 64 and the switch 66, and is only used to control the jacket 13 or the core 12 to make the jacket 13 or the core 12 relatively The position of the housing 2 is locked.
  • the clutch mechanism 30 has an engaged state and a disengaged state.
  • the retaining mechanism is selectively disengaged or engaged with the clutch mechanism 30, the swivel sleeve 6 is switched from the initial position to the working position, and the clutch mechanism 30 is in the engaged state such that The jacket 13 is locked in position relative to the housing 2, and the clutch mechanism 30 is engaged with the retaining mechanism such that the swivel sleeve 6 remains in the operative position.
  • the clutch mechanism 30 includes a first clutch member 24 fixedly disposed relative to the jacket 13 and a second clutch member 28 coupled to the sleeve 6.
  • the second clutch member 28 is selectively engageable or disengageable with the first clutch member 24 in the axial direction of the spindle.
  • the retaining mechanism cooperates with the second clutch member 28 to rotate.
  • the sleeve 6 remains in the working position.
  • An elastic device 22 (see Fig. 5) is disposed between the sleeve 6 and the housing 2, and the clutch mechanism is separated from the holding mechanism, and the elastic device 22 provides an elastic force for the sleeve 6 to return from the working position to the initial position.
  • the elastic means 22 is provided as a compression spring, and of course, it may be provided as a torsion spring, a tension spring or the like.
  • the retaining mechanism includes a retaining member 92 pivotally disposed relative to the swivel sleeve 6 and an elastic member 94 that urges the retaining member 92 to be in constant contact with the second clutch member 28.
  • the retaining member 92 is pivotally disposed on the connecting member 6a, and the elastic member 94 is disposed between the rotating sleeve 6 and the retaining member 92.
  • the second engaging member has a boss portion 96 extending radially outwardly.
  • the boss portion 96 stops the retaining member 92 to hold the rotating sleeve 6 in the working position.
  • the raised portion 96 is away from the retaining member 92.
  • the retaining member 92 is pivotally disposed on the connecting member 6a.
  • the connecting member 6a is provided with a receiving cavity 98, and the opening of the receiving cavity 98 is located on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting member 6a, the holding member 92 is at least partially received in the receiving cavity 98.
  • the retaining member 92 is pivotally disposed by the pivot 100.
  • the pivot 100 is disposed in the receiving cavity 98, and the elastic member 94 that urges the retaining member 92 to always contact the second clutching member 28 is disposed as a torsion spring, and the torsion spring is sleeved.
  • the torsion spring is sleeved.
  • one end of the torsion spring abuts against a side of the receiving cavity 98, and the other end of the torsion spring abuts against the retaining member 92.
  • the working position of the swivel sleeve 6 includes a first working position and a second working position, wherein in the first working position, the working attachment is locked. In the second working position, the working attachment is released.
  • the retaining members 92 are provided in at least two, one of the retaining members 92 for retaining the swivel sleeve 6 in the first working position, and the other retaining member for retaining the swivel sleeve 6 in the second working position.
  • the sleeve 6 has a first direction of rotation and a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation, wherein a holder 92 extends from its pivot axis in a direction opposite to the first direction of rotation of the sleeve 6, wherein The other retaining member 92 extends from its pivot axis in a direction opposite to the second rotational direction of the swivel sleeve 6.
  • the retaining members 92 are arranged in four, wherein the two retaining members 92 extend from their pivot axes in a direction opposite to the first rotational direction of the rotary sleeve 6, wherein the other two retaining members 92 are oriented from their pivot axes It extends in a direction opposite to the second direction of rotation of the sleeve 6.
  • the retaining member 92 can also be provided in other forms.
  • the swivel sleeve 6 of the embodiment of the present invention is rotated first with respect to the housing 2 with the spindle axis as the center of rotation.
  • the direction rotation is schematically illustrated as an example. Since the steps of rotating the sleeve 6 relative to the housing 2 in the second rotation direction opposite to the first rotation direction are substantially the same, no further description is made.
  • the connecting member 6a is rotated to drive the retaining member 92 to rotate circumferentially relative to the second clutch member 28, as the retaining member
  • the retaining member 92 is pushed up by the boss portion 96 and rotated counterclockwise about the pivot shaft 100 against the urging force of the elastic member 94.
  • the rotating sleeve 66 is continued to rotate in the first rotation direction to drive the connecting member 6a.
  • the retaining member 92 is circumferentially rotated relative to the second clutch member 28.
  • the retaining member 92 rotates clockwise about the pivot 100 under the action of the resilient member 94, so that the retaining member 92 is raised.
  • the portion 96 stops to hold the sleeve 66 in the operative position.
  • the drill bit After the rotational torque of the main shaft reaches a certain value, the drill bit is locked or released, and the first engaging member is separated from the second engaging member, so that the convex portion 96 of the second engaging member is away from the retaining member 92, and finally the rotating sleeve 6 is in the elastic device. 22 returns to the initial position from the working position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
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Abstract

一种动力工具及其快速锁紧和释放工作附件的操作方法；动力工具包括：壳体（2）；设置于壳体内的马达（18）；由马达驱动输出旋转动力的主轴（16）；夹头（3），用于锁紧和释放工作附件，夹头包括与主轴连接的芯体（12），相对芯体活动设置的多个卡爪（14），以及套设于芯体外侧的夹套（13），夹套与芯体相对运动能够驱动多个卡爪相对于芯体合拢和张开；动力工具还包括控制装置，控制装置可操作地将夹套或者芯体相对壳体的位置进行锁定，并且控制马达按照预定的旋转方向启动从而使夹套和芯体二者之间产生相对运动。

Description

动力工具及其快速锁紧和释放工作附件的操作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种动力工具及其快速锁紧及释放工作附件的操作方法。 背景技术
手持式动力工具例如电钻， 用于对工件例如木板等进行钻孔。 其主轴上 安装有用于夹持工作附件的夹头。 工作附件可选用不同规格、 类型的钻头， 在更换安装或更换钻头时， 首先需要将夹头打开或者释放原本夹紧于夹头的 钻头， 从打开的夹头中取出原钻头， 然后插入新钻头后再将其锁紧于夹头内。 常用的夹头大概有两种形式， 第一种夹头包括与电动工具主轴连接的芯体， 活动地设置于芯体上的多个卡爪，套设于芯体外侧并与卡爪螺紋连接的夹套， 用手旋转夹套， 使夹套与静止的输出轴发生相对转动， 夹套的转动促使与其 螺紋配合的卡爪相对芯体沿主轴轴向住复位移， 夹爪合拢或者张开从而实现 钻头的夹紧或者放松，如中国专利申请 CN 2 0 1 2 1 0 0 3 67 66. 6中公开的夹头装置。 第二种夹头包括与电动工具主轴连接的芯体， 活动地设置于芯体上的多个卡 爪， 套设于芯体外侧并与芯体螺紋连接的螺母套， 螺母套旋转能够相对于芯 体轴向移动， 螺母套轴向移动能够推动夹爪产生轴向位移， 用手旋转螺母套， 使螺母套与静止的输出轴发生相对转动， 螺母套的转动促使其其相对芯体沿 主轴轴向住复移动， 螺母套的住复移动能够推动夹爪产生轴向位移， 夹爪合 拢或者张开从而实现钻头的夹紧或者放松，如美国专利 US 7 1 9 8 4 3 9 B 2中公开的 夹头装置。 在快速锁紧或释放钻头时， 需要用手固定住夹套或者螺母套使其 保持在相对壳体静止的状态， 再接通主机电源开关， 此时电机驱动主轴旋转 带动芯体旋转， 芯体相对夹套产生旋转的同时使得卡爪相对芯体在主轴轴向 产生位移， 从而使卡爪能将夹持于其间的钻头进行锁紧或释放。 但这种操作 方式， 在夹紧或松开到极限位置时， 夹套与卡爪的螺紋副或者螺母套与芯体 的螺紋副已经咬合， 夹套或者螺母套会跟转， 与人手产生摩擦， 有安全问题。
目前， 市场上出现了一些可快速锁紧及释放钻头的电钻， 此类电钻通常 设置手动控制的操作件， 先将夹套相对机壳的位置进行锁定， 以使得主轴带 动 芯 体 旋转 时 卡 爪 能 锁 紧 或 释放钻 头 。 另 外 ， 中 国 专 利 申 请 CN 2 01 2 1 01 4 3 2 8 4. 0 中公开了一种钻孔装置， 其夹头具有夹紧模式和钻孔模 式， 夹紧模式下， 夹头体相对壳体固定， 而螺紋元件轴向向前或者向后运动 调整夹爪夹紧或者松开； 钻孔模式下， 夹头体被主轴带动旋转。 也就是说， 只要能够将夹套或者芯体二者之一相对壳体的位置进行锁定， 使夹套和芯体 之间产生相对运动都可以锁紧及释放钻头。
为了使主轴按照锁紧或释放的模式旋转， 需确定主轴的旋转方向， 即进 行正反转控制， 然后再启动马达使主轴按照既定的模式旋转。 上述现有技术 中夹套或者芯体的锁定、 正反转控制、 启动控制结构由于独立设置， 操作者 需要分别操作不同的部件才能实现对钻头进行锁定或释放， 因此会使操作变 得繁瑣； 另外众多的零部件以及其复杂的连接关系， 使得动力工具体积庞大。 发明内容
为解决以上技术的技术问题， 本发明提供一种工作附件的快速锁紧和释 放操作筒单、 结构紧凑的动力工具。
本发明是这样实现的： 一种动力工具， 包括： 壳体； 设置于壳体内的马 达； 由马达驱动输出旋转动力的主轴； 夹头， 用于锁紧和释放工作附件， 所 述夹头包括与主轴连接的芯体， 相对芯体活动设置的多个卡爪， 以及套设于 芯体外侧的夹套， 所述夹套与芯体相对运动能够驱动所述多个卡爪相对于芯 体合拢和张开； 所述动力工具还包括控制装置， 所述控制装置可操作地将夹 套或者芯体相对壳体的位置进行锁定， 并且控制马达按照预定的旋转方向启 动从而使夹套和芯体二者之间产生相对运动。
优选地， 所述控制装置包括可操作地相对壳体在初始位置和工作位置之 间运动的控制件， 所述控制件处于工作位置， 所述控制装置起作用。
优选地， 所述动力工具还包括控制马达旋转方向的换向件， 所述控制装 置还包括连接于控制件与换向件之间的第一传动机构，所述控制件从初始位 置运动至工作位置能够通过第一传动机构触发换向件。
优选地， 所述第一传动机构包括一对可沿主轴轴向运动的换向推块， 以 及与所述换向推块择一滑动配接、 并可沿垂直主轴轴向运动的换向钮， 所述 换向推块对称地设置于换向件的两侧， 所述换向钮用于触发所述换向件。
优选地， 所述控制装置还包括连接于控制件上并能够相对壳体旋转的连 接件， 所述连接件上设置有一对第一斜坡面， 所述换向推块上分别设置有与 对应的第一斜坡面抵接的推块第一斜面，以及与换向钮抵接的推块第二斜面， 所述换向钮上设置有一对可与对应的推块第二斜面抵靠的换向斜面。
优选地， 所述动力工具还包括控制马达启动和停止的开关， 所述控制装 置还包括连接于控制件与开关之间的第二传动机构， 控制件从初始位置运动 至工作位置能够通过第二传动机构触发开关。
优选地， 所述第二传动机构包括可沿主轴轴向运动的开关推钮， 所述控 制装置还包括连接于控制件上并能够相对壳体旋转的连接件， 所述连接件上 设置有一对第二斜坡面， 所述开关推钮设置有一对与第二斜坡面择一抵接的 推钮斜面， 所述开关推钮用于触发所述开关。
优选地， 所述控制装置还包括设置于控制件与夹套之间的离合机构， 所 述离合机构具有啮合状态和分离状态， 所述控制件从初始位置转换至工作位 置能够控制所述离合机构从分离状态转换至啮合状态使得夹套相对壳体的位 置锁定。
优选地， 所述离合机构包括相对夹套固定设置的第一离合单元以及与控 制件配接的第二离合单元， 所述第二离合单元沿主轴轴向移动可选择地与第 一离合单元啮合或者分离。
优选地， 所述第一离合单元与第二离合单元之间设置有止挡装置， 所述 止挡装置相对于壳体固定， 所述止挡装置与第二离合单元之间设置有第二弹 性件。
优选地， 所述第二离合单元上设置有若千个收容部， 第二弹性件包括若 千个与收容部——对应的压簧， 所述压簧至少部分支撑于所述收容部。
优选地， 所述控制装置还包括与控制件连接且位于壳体内部的传动件， 控制件从初始位置转换至工作位置通过传动件驱动第二离合单元沿主轴轴向 移动。
优选地， 所述传动件与第二离合单元之间设置有凸轮机构。
优选地， 所述凸轮机构包括设置于传动件上的第一凸轮部， 以及设置于 第二离合元件的第二凸轮部， 所述第一凸轮部在控制件的旋转作用下与第二 凸轮部配合抵接并可使第二离合元件沿主轴轴向运动。
优选地， 所述第一离合单元包括第一啮合件， 所述第二离合单元包括支 撑部， 以及沿主轴轴向滑动地设置于所述支撑部的第二啮合件， 所述第二啮 合件可选择与第一啮合件啮合或者分离。
优选地， 所述第二啮合件与支撑部之间设置有第一弹性件。
优选地， 所述第一啮合件设置成齿圏， 所述第二啮合件包括若千个可与 齿圏啮合的卡销， 所述支撑部包括若千个与卡销——对应的限位孔， 所述卡 销至少部分地收容于对应的限位孔内， 所述第一弹性件包括若千个与限位孔 ——对应的压簧， 所述压簧完全收容于对应的限位孔内且与卡销抵接。
优选地， 所述离合机构包括相对夹套固定设置的第一离合单元以及与控 制件配接的离合组件， 所述离合组件包括沿主轴轴向移动可选择地与第一离 合单元啮合或者分离的啮合件以及离合件， 所述离合件沿主轴轴向移动可选 择地与啮合件啮合或者分离。
优选地， 所述控制件与壳体之间设置有弹性装置， 所述弹性装置提供控 制件由工作位置回复至初始位置的弹性力。
优选地， 所述控制装置还包括设置于控制件与夹套之间的离合机构， 所 述离合机构具有啮合状态和分离状态， 所述控制件由工作位置回复至初始位 置，所述离合机构从啮合状态转换至分离状态使得夹套相对壳体的锁定解除。
优选地， 所述控制装置还包括设置于控制件与夹套之间的离合机构， 所 述离合机构具有啮合状态和分离状态， 所述动力工具还包括可选择地与所述 离合机构分离或者啮合的保持机构，所述控制件从初始位置转换至工作位置， 所述离合机构处于啮合状态且与保持机构啮合使得所述控制件保持于工作位 置。
优选地， 所述控制件与壳体之间设置有弹性装置， 当离合机构处于分离 状态， 所述离合机构与保持机构分离， 所述弹性装置提供控制件由工作位置 回复至初始位置的弹性力。
优选地， 所述控制件在初始位置与工作位置之间能够相对于壳体旋转， 所述控制件的旋转轴线与主轴的中心轴线平行或者共线。
优选地， 所述工作位置包括第一工作位置以及第二工作位置， 当控制件 处于第一工作位置， 所述控制装置以预设的第一方向控制马达启动， 当控制 件处于第二工作位置 , 所述控制装置以与第一方向相反的第二方向控制马达 启动。
优选地， 所述第一工作位置与第二工作位置对称地设置于初始位置的两 侧。
优选地， 所述动力工具还包括控制马达旋转方向的换向件以及控制马达 启动和停止的开关， 所述当控制件由初始位置向工作位置运动的过程中， 所 述控制装置将夹套相对壳体的位置进行锁定、 触发换向件， 最后触发开关。
优选地， 所述控制装置包括设置于控制件与夹套之间的离合机构， 所述 工作位置包括第一位置、 第二位置、 以及第三位置， 当控制件处于初始位置 时， 所述离合机构分离， 当控制件处于第一位置时， 所述离合机构啮合以使 得夹套相对壳体的位置进行锁定， 当控制件处于第二位置时， 所述换向件触 发， 当控制件处于第三位置时， 所述开关触发。
优选地， 所述第一、 第二、 第三位置包括两个， 所述第一、 第二、 第三 位置分别对称地设置于初始位置的两侧。
优选地， 所述动力工具包括两种操作模式， 包括操作控制件使夹头锁紧 和释放的自动模式， 以及操作夹套相对芯体运动的手动模式。
本发明还提供了一种快速锁紧工作附件的操作方法； 所述操作方法包括 以下步骤： 操作控制件从初始位置运动至工作位置； 然后释放控制件。
优选地， 所述控制件从初始位置运动至工作位置的操作为旋转所述控制 件。
优选地， 所述控制装置包括可操作地选择初始状态或者工作状态的控制 件、 处理器、 控制件状态检测电路及驱动控制电路， 所述控制件状态检测电 路检测控制件的物理状态参数， 处理器根据检测到的物理状态参数发送与该 物理状态参数对应的控制信号， 而驱动控制电路用于接收处理器的控制信号 并控制马达按照预定的旋转方向启动。
优选地， 所述控制件相对壳体活动设置， 并且能够在所述初始状态和工 作状态对应的初始位置和工作位置之间运动， 所述控制件状态检测电路包括 用于检测控制件位置的第一传感器。
优选地， 所述第一传感器包括至少两个霍尔传感器。
优选地，所述控制装置还包括用于测量所述马达负载参数的第二传感器， 处理器根据传感器检测到的马达负载参数与预设值作比较运算， 当检测到的 马达负载参数大于预设值时控制马达停止。
优选地， 所述控制件构造为信号开关， 当信号开关被触发时， 生成一电 信号并传递给处理器， 处理器响应该电信号而控制马达按照预定的旋转方向 启动。
优选地， 所述控制装置还包括与所述夹套或者芯体配合的电磁铁装置， 所述处理器接收到所述信号开关接通的信号后， 控制所述电磁铁装置通电以 将夹套或者芯体相对壳体的位置进行锁定。
优选地， 所述动力工具还包括控制马达旋转方向的换向件以及控制马达 启动和停止的扳机， 处理器根据换向件的位置信号控制马达按照预定的方向 旋转， 处理器根据扳机的位置信号控制马达的启动和停止。
本发明的动力工具由于釆用了上述技术方案， 使得操作者只要通过一键 式操作， 即通过旋转操作件一个元件就能实现快速的锁紧或释放工作附件， 操作筒单、 方便； 由于控制工作附件快速锁紧或释放的控制装置设计紧凑， 使得动力工具机身轻巧， 携带方便。
本发明所釆用的另一种技术方案是： 一种动力工具， 包括： 壳体； 设置 于所述壳体内的马达； 由所述马达驱动输出旋转动力的主轴； 夹头， 用于锁 紧和释放工作附件， 所述夹头包括与主轴连接的芯体， 相对芯体活动设置的 多个卡爪， 以及套设于芯体外侧的夹套， 所述夹套与芯体相对运动以驱动所 述多个卡爪相对于芯体合拢和张开；其中所述动力工具还包括控制装置和保 持机构，所述控制装置包括可操作地在初始位置和工作位置之间运动的控制 件，所述控制件运动至工作位置以使所述控制装置将夹套或芯体相对壳体的 位置锁定， 且使所述保持机构将所述控制件保持于工作位置。
本发明的动力工具由于釆用了上述技术方案， 使得操作者只要将控制件 运动到工作位置， 就可使得保持机构将控制件保持于工作位置。 并不需要另 外手动操作其它机构将控制件保持于工作位置， 从而使得动力工具的工作附 件的锁紧和释放操作非常方便。
优选的， 所述控制件在初始位置与工作位置之间能够相对于所述壳体旋 转， 所述控制件的旋转轴线与主轴的中心轴线平行或者共线。
优选的， 所述控制装置还包括设置于所述控制件与所述夹套之间的离合 机构， 所述离合机构具有啮合状态和分离状态， 所述保持机构可选择地与所 述离合机构分离或者啮合， 所述控制件从初始位置转换至工作位置， 所述离 合机构处于啮合状态且与保持机构啮合使得所述控制件保持于工作位置。
优选的， 所述离合机构包括相对所述夹套固定设置的第一离合单元， 以 及与所述控制件连接的第二离合单元， 所述第二离合单元沿所述主轴轴向可 选择地与第一离合单元啮合或者分离， 当所述第二离合单元与第一离合单元 啮合时， 所述保持机构与所述第二离合单元配合以将所述控制件保持于工作 位置。
优选的， 所述保持机构包括相对所述控制件枢转设置的保持件以及促使 所述保持件始终与第二离合单元接触的弹性件。 优选的， 所述第一离合单元包括第一啮合件， 所述第二离合单元包括支 撑部， 以及沿所述主轴轴向滑动地设置于所述支撑部的第二啮合件， 所述第 二啮合件可选择与第一啮合件啮合或者分离， 所述第二啮合件具有沿周向向 外延伸的凸起部， 当所述第二啮合件与第一啮合件啮合时， 所述凸起部止挡 所述保持件以将所述控制件保持于工作位置， 当所述第二啮合件与第一啮合 件分离时， 所述凸起部远离所述保持件。
优选的， 所述工作位置包括锁紧所述工作附件的第一工作位置和释放所 述工作附件的第二工作位置， 所述保持件设置为至少两个， 其中一个保持件 用于将所述控制件保持于第一工作位置， 其中另一个保持件用于将所述控制 件保持与第二工作位置。
优选的， 所述控制装置还包括连接于所述控制件上并能够相对壳体旋转 的连接件， 所述连接件的旋转轴线与主轴的中心轴线平行或者共线， 所述保 持件通过枢轴枢转设于所述连接件。
优选的， 所述连接件上设置收容腔， 所述收容腔的开口位于所述连接件 的外圆周面上， 所述保持件至少部分收容于所述收容腔。
优选的， 所述枢轴设于所述收容腔中， 所述弹性件设置为扭簧并套设于 所述枢轴上， 且所述扭簧的一端抵靠于所述收容腔的一侧面， 所述扭簧的另 一端抵靠于所述保持件。
优选的， 所述控制件与所述壳体之间设置有弹性装置， 所述离合机构与 保持机构分离， 所述弹性装置提供控制件由工作位置回复至初始位置的弹性 力。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细的描述。
图 1为本发明优选的第一实施例中的电钻的立体示意图。
图 2为图 1所示电钻壳体与机芯的立体分解示意图。
图 3为图 1所示电钻主视方向的剖视图。
图 4为图 3 中沿 A-A方向的剖视图。
图 5为图 2所示电钻机芯的立体分解示意图。
图 6为图 5 中第二离合元件的立体分解示意图。
图 7为图 1所示电钻中另一种离合机构的剖视图， 此时该离合机构与夹套分 离。 图 8为图 7 中的离合机构与夹套啮合的剖视图。
图 9为图 5 中连接件的立体示意图。
图 10为图 5 中连接件处于初始位置时与一对换向推块配接的立体示意图。 图 1 1 为图 5 中换向钮的立体示意图， 此时换向钮的正面可视。
图 12为图 5 中换向钮的立体示意图， 此时换向钮的反面可视。
图 13为图 5 中连接件与其中一个换向推块、 换向推块与换向钮、 换向钮与换 向开关及主开关之间配接的立体示意图。
图 14为图 13 中换向钮与换向开关配接关系示意图， 此时换向开关处于正转 位置。
图 15为图 13 中换向钮与换向开关配接关系示意图， 此时换向开关处于初始 位置。
图 16为图 13 中换向钮与换向开关配接关系示意图， 此时换向开关处反转位 置。
图 17为图 5 中连接件处于初始位置时与主开关推钮配接的立体示意图。 图 1 8为图 5 中连接件与主开关推钮、 主开关推钮与主开关按钮、 以及主开关 按钮与主开关之间配接的立体示意图。
图 19为本发明实施例电钻的控制装置位于初始位置时的状态示意图。
图 20为图 19中电钻的控制装置处于第一种工作状态的示意图。
图 21 为图 19中电钻的控制装置处于第二种工作状态的示意图。
图 22为图 19中电钻的控制装置处于第三种工作状态的示意图。
图 23为图 19中电钻的控制装置处于第四种工作状态的示意图。
图 24为图 19中电钻的控制装置处于第五种工作状态的示意图。
图 25为图 19中电钻的控制装置处于第六种工作状态的示意图。
图 26为本发明优选的第二实施例中的电钻的控制原理图。
图 27为图 26中电钻通过传感器检测控制件位置的示意图， 此时控制件处于 初始位置。
图 28与图 27相似， 此时控制件处于释放钻头的工作位置。
图 29与图 27相似， 此时控制件处于夹紧钻头的工作位置。
图 30为图 26中电钻通过传感器检测转套的位置以控制马达的流程图。
图 3 1 为图 5 中转套、 保持机构、 传动件与连接件处的立体分解示意图。 图 32为本发明实施例电钻的保持机构处的剖视图。 此时转套位于初始位置。 图 33为本发明实施例电钻的保持机构处的剖视图。此时转套位于初始位置和 工作位置之间的中间位置。
图 34为本发明实施例电钻的保持机构处的剖视图。 此时转套位于工作位置。 图中：
2.壳体 2a.哈夫式半壳 3.夹头
4.手柄 5.钻头 6.转套
6a.连接件 6b.传动件 8.电池包
8a.电池 9.主开关按钮 10.电钻
11.键齿 12.芯体 13.夹套
14.卡爪 15.键槽 16.主轴
17.传动机构 17a.传动机构壳体 18.电动马达
19.键齿 20.主机 21.弧形支架
22.压簧 24.第一离合元件 25.凸块
26.键槽 27.花键部 28.第二离合元件
28 a.支撑部 28b.凸轮部 29.键槽
30、 30a.离合机构 31.第一凸轮面 32.第二凸轮面
33.螺钉 35.限位孔 36.卡销
37.压簧 40.挡板 41.螺钉
42.缺口 43、 43a.齿圈 44.EJ孑 L
45.压簧 48.复位弹簧 53.啮合件
54.离合件 60、 60a.控制装置 62.换向推块
62a.推块第一斜面 62b.推块第二斜面 64.换向钮
64a.换向部 64b.作用部 64c.换向斜面
65.65'.换向开关 65a.拨钮 66.主开关
67.腰形槽 68.主开关推钮 68a.推钮斜面
68b.触足 70.第一斜坡面 71.第一直平面
72.第二斜坡面 73. 第二直平面 80.处理器
81. 控制件状态检测电路 82.驱动控制电路 531.外齿
810. PCB板 811.—号霍尔传感器 812.二号霍尔传感器
813.磁钢 92.保持件 94.弹性件
96.凸起部 98.收容腔 100.枢轴 具体实施方式
参照图 1到图 3所示，本发明动力工具的实施例釆用的是手持式电钻 10 , 电钻 10包括壳体 2以及主机 20 ,其中壳体 2由两个哈夫式半壳 2a连接组成。 壳体 2包括收容电动马达 1 8的主壳体、 以及用于形成手柄 4的手柄壳体， 主 壳体与手柄壳体相互交叉，本实施例中电钻 10的主壳体与手柄壳体基本垂直 设置。 手柄 4上远离电动马达 1 8的一端设置有为马达 1 8提供能量的电池包 8 , 电池包 8 与手柄 4可拆卸地连接。 主机 20 包括马达 18、 由马达 18驱动 旋转的夹头 3、 设置于夹头 3 与马达 1 8之间的传动机构 17、 以及控制装置 60。 其中夹头 3用于夹持工作附件， 如钻头、 批头、 铲子头、 转接头等等， 本实施方式中以钻头 5为例进行说明。控制装置 60用于控制夹头 3快速锁紧 或释放钻头 5。 控制装置 60包括相对壳体 2旋转设置的控制件， 本实施例控 制件以转套 6 的形式与壳体 2形状配合， 适合于手动旋转操作且相对壳体 2 在初始位置和工作位置之间运动， 当控制件处于工作位置时， 控制装置 60 起作用。 转套 6的旋转中心线与主轴 16的中心轴线同轴设置。 当然本实施例 的转套 6 的旋转中心线也可以设置成与主轴 16 的中心轴线相平行。 手柄 4 上靠近马达 1 8的一端设置有控制马达 18正、 反转的换向钮 64、 以及用于控 制马达 1 8启动的主开关按钮 9。
参照图 3、 图 4所示， 壳体 2 内设置有控制马达 1 8旋转的主开关 66、 以 及控制马达 18旋转方向的换向开关 65 , 换向开关 65设置有拨钮 65a , 主开 关按钮 9设置于手柄 4上靠近夹头 3的一侧， 方便操作控制。 当然本实施例 的主开关 66和换向开关 65可以集成于一个开关上，通过触发换向钮 64和主 开关按钮 9 (或者扳机） 实现马达 1 8 的正反转设定和马达 1 8 的启动。 电池 包 8 中设置有充电电池 8 a , 本发明实施例的电池釆用锂电池， 当然也可以釆 用铅酸、 镍镉电池等其它替换。 马达 1 8的旋转动力通过传动机构 17传递至 主轴 16。 其中传动机构 17 收容于传动机构壳体 17 a 内。 夹头 3 包括与主轴
16连接的芯体 12、 相对于芯体 13活动设置的多个卡爪 14、 以及套设于芯体
12外侧并且与多个卡爪 14螺紋啮合的夹套 13。 其中钻头 5可释放地被锁紧 于卡爪 14之间， 本发明实施例的卡爪 14数量包括三个。 主轴 16与芯体 12 的连接可以是直接连接的， 也可以是间接连接的， 当主轴 16带动芯体 12旋 转时， 只要将夹套 13位置相对壳体 2 固定， 卡爪 14便会相对夹套 13产生沿 主轴 16轴向的位移， 从而使夹头 3通过卡爪 14锁紧或者释放钻头 5。 本领 域技术人员根据现有技术可以很容易的想到， 芯体与夹套的相对运动可以使 卡爪产生沿主轴轴向的位移， 那么将芯体相对壳体的位置固定， 主轴带动夹 套旋转也可以使夹头通过卡爪锁紧或者释放钻头。本发明的控制装置 60可操 作地将夹套 13 或者芯体 12相对壳体 2 的位置进行锁定， 并且控制马达 18 按照预定的旋转方向启动， 从而使夹套 13和芯体 13二者产生相对运动， 夹 头 3 实现锁紧或者释放钻头。
控制装置 60还包括与转套 6连接且位于壳体 2内部沿主轴轴向延伸的连 接件 6a , 以及与连接件 6a连接且位于连接件 6a 内侧的传动件 6b。 其中转套 6、 连接件 6a、 传动件 6b三者相对固定， 也可以一体成型。 传动件 6b 与夹 套 13之间设置有离合机构 30 , 离合机构 30具有啮合状态和分离状态。 壳体 2上靠近主开关按钮 9的部位设置有弧形支架 21 , —弹性件支撑于弧形支架 21 的凹槽内， 本实施例弹性件釆用压簧 22。 转套连接部 6a 与弧形支架 21 相对的部位具有一对间隔设置凸块 25 , 当转套 6 处于初始位置时， 压簧 22 位于两凸块 25之间并且压簧 22的两端分别抵靠凸块 25。 当旋转转套 6时， 转套 6带动连接部 6a向一侧旋转时，两凸块 25 中的至少一个凸块 25抵接压 簧 22并且使压簧 22压缩； 一旦释放转套 6 , 在压簧 22的作用力下， 转套 6 会自动地反向旋转至初始位置，即压簧 22提供转套 6由工作位置回复至初始 位置的弹性力。 本实施例的弹性件不限于釆用压簧 22 , 本领域技术人员可以 釆用其它弹性装置进行替换， 只要能使转套 6由工作位置回复至初始位置时 提供弹性回复力。
参照图 5 所示， 转套 6上远离夹头 3 的一端设置有键齿 1 1 , 连接件 6a 上靠近转套 6的一端设置有键槽 15 , 转套 6与连接件 6a通过键齿 1 1 与键槽
15 紧固配接； 连接件 6a与传动件 6b均设置成环形件， 连接件 6a的环形内 侧壁上设置键齿 19 , 相应地， 传动件 6b的环形外围面上设置有键槽 29 , 传 动件 6b通过键槽 29与键齿 19的配合相对固定的连接于连接件 6a的内部。 当转套 6相对壳体 2旋转时， 带动连接件 6a、 传动件 6b—起作旋转运动。 离合机构 30包括相对夹套 13固定设置的第一离合元件 24以及与控制件配接 的第二离合元件 28 , 其中第二离合元件 28可沿主轴 16轴线方向移动可选择 地与第一离合元件 28啮合或者分离。 本实施例中第一离合元件 24与夹套 13 固定连接， 其它可选择的方案中， 第一离合元件 24可与夹套 13—体成形； 第二离合元件 28设置成环形件。传动件 6b朝向第二离合元件 28的一侧端面 形成有多个第一凸轮面 3 1 , 第二离合元件 28朝向传动件 6b的一侧端面相应 地形成有多个第二凸轮面 32 ; 第一凸轮面 3 1 与第二凸轮面 32构成了设置于 传动件 6b与第二离合元件 28之间设置的凸轮机构； 当转套 6处于初始位置 时， 第一凸轮面 3 1 与第二凸轮面 32相互错开， 即凹凸啮合； 旋转转套 6时， 带动第一凸轮面 3 1旋转至与第二凸轮面 32相互抵接， 即凹凸分离或者说凸 凸抵接， 促使第二离合元件 28向夹套 3方向沿主轴轴向产生位移， 从而使得 第二离合元件 28可与第一离合元件 24啮合或者分离。 总之， 转套 6从初始 位置运动到工作位置能够控制离合机构 30 从分离状态转换至啮合状态从而 夹套 13便相对于壳体 2被锁定。 当转套 6 由工作位置回复至初始位置， 离合 机构 30从啮合状态转换至分离状态使得夹套 13相对壳体 2的锁定解除。
传动机构壳体 17 a靠近第二离合元件 28 的一端设置有花键部 27 , 第二 离合元件 28的内侧壁上设置有键槽 26 , 通过键槽 26与的配合花键部 27 , 第 二离合元件 1 8套接于传动机构壳体 17 a上且能相对传动机构壳体 17a沿主轴 轴向运动。 第二离合元件 28与第一离合元件 24之间设置有挡板 40 , 挡板 40 沿其周向于边缘部分设置有多个缺口 42 , 挡板 40通过紧固件连接于花键部 27 , 以使得第二离合元件 28相对花键部 27的轴向运动受到限位， 本实施例 的紧固件釆用螺钉 41。 第二离合元件 28与挡板 40之间设置有弹性件， 本实 施例中的弹性件釆用压簧 45 , 第二离合元件 28靠近挡板 40的一侧端面上沿 周向设置有若千凹孔 44 , 若千个压簧 45对应地设置于凹孔 44 中， 压簧 45 一端抵接第二离合元件 28 , 另一端抵接挡板 40 , 这样当转套 6复位时， 弹性 件将迫使第二离合元件 28 复位 , 即转套 6 由工作位置回复至初始位置， 离合 机构 30从啮合状态转换至分离状态， 从而使得夹套 13相对壳体 2的锁定被 解除。
控制装置 60进一步包括一对可择一地与连接件 6a配接的换向推块 62、 与换向推块 62滑动配接的换向钮 64、 可选择地与连接件 6a配接且用于触发 主开关 66的主开关推钮 68。 换向推块 62与传动机构 17之间设置有弹性件， 本发明实施例釆用的是复位弹簧 48。
参照图 6 , 第二离合元件 28 包括支撑部 28a与凸轮部 28b , 支撑部 28a 与凸轮部 28b通过螺钉 33 紧固在一起。 第二凸轮面 32设置于凸轮部 28b , 且位于与支撑部 28 a相对的一侧端面上。 第二离合元件 28 包括第二啮合件， 本实施例中， 支撑部 28 a上与凸轮部 28b相对的一侧端面上沿周向设置有若 千个限位孔 35 , 若千个压簧 37 与限位孔 35 对应且完整地收容于限位孔 35 中， 若千个卡销 36与限位孔 35相对应且卡销 36部分支撑于限位孔 35 中， 卡销 36露出于限位孔 35的尖端部则可穿出挡板 40的缺口 42并且可选择地 与第一离合元件 24 的第一啮合件相啮合。 压簧 37 以一端抵接凸轮部 28b , 另一端抵接卡销 36 ,使得卡销 36受力可克服压簧 37的作用力相对支撑部 28 a 作轴向运动。 卡销 36作为第二啮合件与第一离合元件 24的第一啮合件可选 择地啮合或者分离，本实施例中的第一啮合件为设置于夹套 13上靠近第二离 合元件 28的一侧端面的齿圏 43 (参照图 5 )。 当第一啮合件与第二啮合件啮 合时， 也就是说， 当卡销 36 尖端部与齿圏 43 啮合时， 夹套 13 相对壳体 2 的位置被锁定， 当第一啮合件与第二啮合件分离时， 夹套 13相对壳体 2可以 被转动。
离合机构不限于上述结构形式， 图 7和图 8示出了本实施例中另一种离 合机构 30a。 离合机构 30a包括与夹套 13连接的第一离合元件以及与转套 6 配接的离合组件，第一离合元件构造为与夹套 13连接且内圆周面设置有内齿 的齿圏 43 a , 离合组件包括啮合件 53 以及离合件 54 , 啮合件 53 的外圆周面 设置有能够与齿圏 43 a啮合的外齿 53 1 , 啮合件 53 面对离合件 54 的端面设 有第一离合齿， 相应的离合件 54 的端面设有与第一离合齿配合的第二离合 齿， 其中离合件 54沿主轴周向固定在传动机构壳体 17 a上， 离合件 54与啮 合件 53之间设置有复位弹簧， 转套 6旋转能够驱动离合件 54沿主轴轴向移 动使得第一离合齿与第二离合齿啮合， 继而离合件 54带动啮合件 53沿主轴 轴向移动使得外齿 53 1与齿圏 43 a啮合，如此夹套 13相对于壳体 2周向的旋 转便被锁定。 这样当转套 6复位时， 复位弹簧将迫使离合件 54复位， 第一离 合齿与第二离合齿分离， 而且无论外齿 53 1 与齿圏 43 a 是否啮合， 夹套 13 都不会被限制旋转。 转套 6驱动离合件 54轴向移动的方式与前述结构相同， 这里不再赘述。
参照图 9、 图 10所示， 连接件 6a的外围面上设置有一对第一斜坡面 70 和一对第二斜坡面 72 , 第一斜坡面 70对称地分布于主轴 16中心线的两侧， 第一斜坡面 70之间连接第一直平面 7 1 ; 第二斜坡面 72同样对称地分布于主 轴 16 中心线的两侧， 第二斜坡面 72之间连接第二直平面 73 ; 第一直平面 7 1 与第二直平面 73 大致平行，第一斜坡面 70与第二斜坡面 72的延伸方向大致 相同。 一对换向推块 62对称地分布于主轴 16的两侧， 换向推块 62分别设置 有用于与第二斜坡面 72滑动配接的推块第一斜面 62a,以及用于与换向钮 64 滑动配接的推块第二斜面 62b。 当向一个方向旋转转套 6时， 连接件 6a的第 二斜坡面 72抵接对应地推块第一斜面 62a并使换向推块 62沿箭头 Ml 所示 的主轴 16轴向运动。 当释放转套 6 时， 转套 6旋转复位的同时换向推块 62 在复位弹簧 48的作用下， 能自动的回复至初始位置。
参照图 11至图 13所示，换向钮 64 包括换向部 64a,以及位于换向部 64a 两端的作用部 64b , 作用部 64b的一侧表面上分别设置有换向斜面 64c , 换向 斜面 64c用于分别与对应的换向推块 62的推块第二斜面 62b滑动配接；换向 部 64a上相对换向斜面 64c 的一侧设置有腰形槽 67, 用于收容换向开关 65 的拨钮 65a (参照图 3 )。 当换向推块 62产生沿箭头 Ml 所示的主轴 16轴向 的位移时， 换向钮 64受换向推块 62的作用沿垂直于主轴 16轴向运动，即沿 如箭头 M2或者箭头 M2'所示方向运动。
参照图 14至图 16所示， 拨钮 65a枢转地设置于换向开关 65上， 当换向 钮 64沿箭头 M2所示方向移动时， 收容于腰形槽 67 的拨钮 65a枢转至第一 工作位置， 即枢转至控制马达 18正转的位置； 当换向钮 64沿与箭头 M2相 反的方向， 即箭头 M2'所示方向移动时， 收容于腰形槽 67的拨钮 65a枢转至 第二工作位置， 即枢转至控制马达 18反转的位置。 当换向钮 64位于第一工 作位置与第二工作位置中间时， 也就是说， 拨钮 65a位于初始位置时， 主开 关 66无法被操作触发， 只有当换向开关 65的拨钮 65a运动至第一、 或第二 工作位置， 主开关 66才能初触发， 并且马达 18以正向或者反向进行旋转。 由上可见， 通过连接件 6a和换向推块 62之间的相互作用， 旋转转套 6到工 作位置即能够驱动换向钮 64沿预定方向移动， 换向钮 64驱动拨钮 65a以控 制马达 18 的旋转方向， 也就是说， 连接件 6a, 换向推块 62和换向钮 64构 成了转套 6到拨钮 65a或者转套 6到换向开关 65的第一传动机构， 拨钮 65a 或者换向开关 65构成了本实施例中的换向件，转套 6从初始位置运动至工作 位置能够通过第一传动机构触发换向件。
参照图 17、 图 18所示， 主开关推钮 68设置有一对推钮斜面 68a, 可分 别对应地与第一斜坡面 70滑动配接。 当转套 6处于初始位置时， 主开关推钮 68与位于第一斜坡面 70之间的第一直平面 71抵接；当转套 6 带动连接件 6a 以主轴 16轴线为旋转中心线相对壳体 2向一侧旋转时，推钮斜面 68a与对应 的第一斜坡面 70滑动配接， 促使主开关推钮 68 沿箭头 Ml所示的主轴 16轴 向运动。 主开关推钮 68 设置有向主开关 66 方向延伸的触足 68b, 触足 68b 与主开关按钮 9配接， 以使得主开关推钮 68 与主开关按钮 9连动设置， 当主 开关推钮 68 沿箭头 Ml 所示方向运动时， 带动主开关按钮 9一起的运动从而 触发主开关 66。 由上可见，通过连接件 6a和主开关推钮 68之间的相互作用， 旋转转套 6 到工作位置即能够驱动主开关推钮 68 移动， 也就是说， 连接件 6a和主开关推钮 68构成了转套 6到主开关 66的第二传动机构， 转套 6从初 始位置运动至工作位置能够通过第二传动机构触发主开关 66 , 从而开启马达 18。 本发明实施例的主开关 66与换向开关 65—体设置， 当然本领域技术人 员可以根据壳体 2 内部结构进行调整。
参照图 19至图 25所示， 为了清楚地表述控制装置 60的工作原理， 将本 发明实施例的控制件以主轴 16轴线为旋转中心线相对壳体 2向一侧正向旋转 为例进行示意说明， 由于控制件相对壳体 2向另一侧反向旋转的步骤则基本 相同， 因此不作赘述。 需要澄清的是， 本实施例所指的正向和反向均代表的 是两个相对的旋转方向， 即第一方向和第二方向。 转套 6向第一方向旋转时， 控制装置 60用于将工作头 5夹紧于夹头 3 , 转套 6向第二方向旋转时， 控制 装置 60将工作头 5从夹头 3上释放。 也就是说， 转套 6旋转到工作位置， 控 制装置起作用， 而转套 6的工作位置具有两个， 对称的设置于初始位置的两 侧。 传动件 6b与离合机构 30、 夹套 13之间的运动关系、 连接件 6b与换向 推块 62之间、 换向推块 62与换向钮 64之间、 以及连接件 6b与主开关推钮 68之间的运动关系将在下文作详细描述。
参照图 19所示， 转套 6处于初始位置时 （ 图中未示出 ）， 传动件 6b与夹 套 13之间的离合机构是脱开的，即第二离合元件 28的卡销 36与第一离合元 件 24的齿圏 43处于分离状态。 传动件 6b上的第一凸轮面 31与第二离合元 件 28上的第二凸轮面 32处于相互错开的位置。假设转套 6位于初始位置时， 换向开关 65正好处于反转的位置， 也就是说， 换向开关 65的拨钮 65a正好 停留第二工作位置上，则图 19中处于反转位置示意的换向开关 65'是导通的， 而此时换向推块 62的推块第一斜面 62a正好与对应的连接件 6a的第二斜坡 面 72抵接， 推块第二斜面 62b与换向钮 64的换向斜面 64c抵接； 主开关推 钮 68的推钮斜面 68a顶端与第一直平面 71抵接。
参照图 20所示， 向第一方向开始旋转转套 6时 （ 图中未示出 ）， 连接件 6a带动传动件 6b旋转， 第二离合元件 28上的第二凸轮面 32与传动件 6b上 的第一凸轮面 3 1开始接近； 第二离合元件 28向第一离合元件 24方向靠近； 推块第二斜面 62b于换向钮 64的换向斜面 64c上滑行，产生沿主轴轴线方向 的位移， 同时推动换向钮 64在垂直于主轴轴线的方向上产生位移， 换向开关 65开始切换方向； 主开关推钮 68的推钮斜面 68 a顶端于第一直平面 7 1上开 始向第一斜坡面 70方向滑行。
参照图 21 所示， 当旋转转套 6 至一定角度， 连接件 6a 带动传动件 6b 旋转相应角度，第二离合元件 28上的第二凸轮面 32与传动件 6b上的第一凸 轮面 3 1开始抵接； 第二离合元件 28的卡销 36与第一离合元件 24的齿圏 43 开始啮合； 推块第二斜面 62b沿主轴轴线方向 M l滑行至与换向钮 64的换向 斜面 64c脱开， 换向钮 64向垂直主轴轴线方向 M2移动至使换向开关 65切 换到位， 即换向开关 65于正转位置上导通； 此时主开关推钮 68的推钮斜面 68a顶端于第一直平面 7 1上继续向第一斜坡面 70滑行。
参照图 2 2所示， 继续旋转转套 6 , 第二离合元件 28上的第二凸轮面 32 与传动件 6b上的第一凸轮面 3 1抵接，并推动第二离合元件 28进一步向第一 离合元件 24靠近； 推块第二斜面 62b脱开换向钮 64的换向斜面 64c后与换 向钮 64贴合， 不再继续运动； 主开关推钮 68的推钮斜面 68 a顶端于第一直 平面 7 1上进一步向第一斜坡面 70移动。
参照图 2 3所示， 进一步旋转转套 6 , 第二离合元件 28在传动件 6b的推 动作用下， 第二凸轮面 32与第一凸轮面 3 1进一步抵接， 卡销 36与第一离合 元件 24 的齿圏 43 啮合到位； 主开关推钮 68 的推钮斜面 68a与第一斜坡面 70 4氏接， 开始推动主开关推钮 68沿主轴轴线 M 1方向移动。
参照图 24所示， 进一步旋转转套 6 , 使得转套 6处于第一工作位置， 主 开关推钮 68移动至闭合主开关 66位置，电源导通至使马达 1 8沿正向方向旋 转。
进一步参照图 25所示，当马达 1 8带动连接夹头 3的主轴 16正向旋转时， 由于离合机构 30的啮合作用， 夹套 13处于与壳体 2相对固定的状态， 致使 卡爪 14于芯体 12上相对夹套 13产生沿主轴 16轴线方向的位移， 从而将钻 头 5锁紧于夹头 3。 钻头 5—旦锁紧， 卡爪 14不再相对芯体 12作轴向移动， 而主轴 16仍会继续旋转， 由于受夹套 13的反作用力的结果， 使得第二离合 元件 28的卡销 36压缩压簧 37而后退， 从而脱开与夹套齿圏 43的啮合， 此 时操作者能听到卡销 36 于齿圏 43 面上的打滑声， 只要释放转套 6 , 转套 6 便会回复至初始位置。 这样通过控制装置 60对钻头 5的锁紧操作便完成。 当需要将锁紧于夹头 3 的钻头 5从夹头 3上释放， 只需要反向操作控制 件， 也就是说， 向第二方向旋转转套 6 , 使得转套 6 处于第二工作位置。 在 转套 6旋转的过程中， 至使离合机构 3 0啮合， 夹套 1 3相对壳体 2 固定， 换 向钮 6 4拨动换向开关 6 5 的拨钮 65 a至反转位置，主开关推钮 68推动主开关 按钮 9触发主开关 66。 一旦马达 1 8驱动主轴 16反向旋转， 卡爪 14于芯体 12上相对夹套 13 产生与夹紧操作相反方向的位移， 从而将钻头 5 从夹头 3 上释放。
由上可以看出， 初始位置与每一工作位置之间分别包括第一位置、 第二 位置、 以及第三位置， 当转套 6处于初始位置时， 离合机构 3 0分离， 当转套 6处于第一位置时，离合机构啮合以使得夹套 1 3相对壳体 1的位置进行锁定， 当转套 6处于第二位置时， 换向件被触发， 当转套 6处于第三位置时， 开关 被触发。 因转套 6的工作位置具有两个， 相应的第一位置、 第二位置、 以及 第三位置也具有两个， 对称的设置于初始位置的两侧。 无论是将钻头 5锁紧 于夹头 3或者将钻头从夹头 3上释放， 当转套 6 由初始位置向工作位置运动 的过程中， 控制装置 60需先将夹套相对壳体的位置进行锁定、 触发换向件， 最后触发开关， 也就是说锁定夹套与触发换向件可以同时， 即第一位置和第 二位置相同， 也可以是先锁定夹套后触发换向件或者先触发换向件后锁定夹 套， 无论如何， 保证在触发开关前已经锁定夹套和触发换向件， 可以使电钻 的操作更安全可靠。
前面所讲的是操作控制件使夹头锁紧和释放的自动模式， 当然， 如果操 作人员不想使用 自动模式， 也可以选择操作夹套相对芯体运动的手动模式， 只需要将夹套设置为具有棵露在外可供操作的部分即可。
以上所述的是操作控制件通过机械方式自动实现将钻头 5 锁紧或者释 放， 具体的操作方法包括以下步骤： 操作转套 6从初始位置运动至工作位置； 然后释放转套 6。 转套 6从初始位置运动至工作位置的操作为旋转。
下面具体介绍操作控制件通过机电结合的方式自动实现将钻头 5锁紧或 者释放。
图 26示出了优选的第二实施例中的电钻的控制原理图，电钻的机械机构 与第一实施例相同， 但是控制马达 1 8的方式通过电子方式实现。 具体的， 控 制装置 60a包括可操作地选择初始状态或者工作状态的控制件、 处理器 80、 控制件状态检测电路 8 1及驱动控制电路 82 , 控制件状态检测电路 8 1检测控 制件的物理状态参数， 即位置、 开关或者电子信号等， 处理器 80根据检测到 的物理状态参数发送与该物理状态参数对应的控制信号， 而驱动控制电路 82 用于接收处理器 80的控制信号并控制马达 18按照预定的旋转方向启动， 预 定的旋转方向即是与锁紧或者释放钻头对应的旋转方向。处理器 80可以釆用 MCU、 PLC或者 CPU等， 在本实施方式中， 处理器 80为一 4敫电脑控制系统 (MCU)。 控制件仍可以是转套 6的形式， 转套 6相对壳体 2活动设置， 并且 能够在所述初始状态和工作状态对应的初始位置和工作位置之间运动， 通过 传感器检测转套 6的位置。
图 27至图 29示出了通过传感器检测转套的位置的示意图，图 30示出了 通过传感器检测转套的位置以控制马达的流程图。 传感器包括至少两个霍尔 传感器， 以两个霍尔传感器为例，一号霍尔传感器 81 1和二号霍尔传感器 812 都安装在 PCB 板 8 10 上， 即印刷电路板， PCB 板安装于传动机构壳体 17a 上， 将磁钢 8 13 安装于转套 6上， 转套 6 的旋转控制夹套 13 相对于壳体 2 锁定与否， PCB板上电， 两个霍尔传感器通过磁钢检测转套 6的位置信号。 转套 6位于初始位置时， 两个霍尔传感器都没有信号输出，即处于 OFF状态， 此时电钻可以正常工作， 如图 27所示。 转套 6旋转到释放的工作位置时， 一 号霍尔传感器 8 1 1检测到磁钢 8 13信号， 处于 ON状态， 二号霍尔传感器 812 没有检测到磁钢 8 13信号， 处于 OFF状态， 此时处理器 80指示驱动控制电 路 82控制马达 18 以预设的第一方向旋转使得夹头释放钻头， 如图 28所示。 转套 6旋转到锁紧的工作位置时， 一号霍尔传感器 8 11 没有检测到磁钢 813 信号， 处于 OFF状态， 二号霍尔传感器 8 12检测到磁钢 813信号， 处于 ON 状态， 此时处理器 80指示驱动控制电路 82控制马达以预设的与第一方向相 反的第二方向旋转使得夹头夹紧钻头， 如图 28所示。
本实施例中也可以釆用电子离合器的方式， 即控制装置 60a还包括用于 测量马达负载参数的传感器， 马达负载参数可以是流经马达的电流、 马达的 电压、 马达转速、 或马达效率等等， 处理器根据传感器检测到的马达负载参 数与预设值作比较运算， 当检测到的马达负载参数大于预设值时控制马达停 止。
本实施例中的控制件也可以构造为信号开关， 当信号开关被触发时， 生 成一电信号并传递给处理器， 处理器响应该电信号而控制马达按照预定的旋 转方向启动。 另外本实施例中特可以通过电子控制的方式锁定夹套， 控制装 置还包括与夹套或者芯体配合的电磁铁装置， 处理器接收到信号开关接通的 信号后， 控制电磁铁装置通电以将夹套或者芯体相对壳体的位置进行锁定。 而且本实施例中也可以不设置主开关， 只设置控制马达旋转方向的换向件以 及控制马达启动和停止的扳机， 处理器根据换向件的位置信号控制马达按照 预定的方向旋转， 处理器根据扳机的位置信号控制马达的启动和停止。
操作者只需要通过操作控制装置的一个操作件， 就能实现将钻头 5锁紧 或者释放， 操作筒单、 快捷； 通过控制装置实现将夹套或者芯体相对壳体的 位置进行锁定， 并且控制马达按照预定的旋转方向启动从而使夹套和芯体二 者之间产生相对运动； 并且控制装置各部件之间配接紧凑， 使得动力工具非 常轻巧， 携带方便。
参照附图 3 1 , 为进一步操作方便， 电钻 1 0 还包括保持机构。 当转套 6 运动至工作位置，就可使控制装置 6 0将夹套 1 3或芯体 1 2相对壳体 1 的位置 锁定 （参见图 2和 3 ) , 且使保持机构将转套 6保持于工作位置。 如此设置， 操作转套 6 , 不但能将夹套 1 3或芯体 1 2相对壳体 2 的位置锁定， 而且当将 转套 6旋转至工作位置时， 就可使保持机构将转套 6保持于工作位置， 并不 需要另外手动地将转套 6保持于工作位置， 因此使得本发明的电钻操作更加 方便。
进一步的， 转套 6还可操作地控制马达的旋转方向。 如此， 当操作转套 6 , 使夹套 1 3或芯体 1 2相对壳体 1 的位置锁定和控制马达的旋转方向， 并将 转套 6保持于工作位置， 启动马达就可锁紧或释放工作附件。
参见附图 1 1 至 1 3 , 本优选实施例中， 具体的， 动力工具还包括控制马 达旋转方向的换向钮 64 , 换向钮 64 能在起始位置和换向位置之间移动， 控 制装置 60还包括连接于转套 6与换向钮 64之间的第一传动机构， 转套 6从 初始位置运动至工作位置能够通过第一传动机构使换向钮 64 由起始位置移 动至换向位置。 从而控制马达的旋转方向。 其中， 转套 6如何通过第一传动 机构使换向钮 64移动， 前面已做了详细介绍， 在此不再赘述。
为进一步提高电钻的操作方便性， 转套 6还可操作地控制马达的启动和 停止。
参见附图 1 1 至 13 , 具体的， 动力工具还包括控制马达启动和停止的主 开关 66 ,控制装置 60还包括连接于转套 6与主开关 66之间的第二传动机构， 转套 6从初始位置运动至工作位置能够通过第二传动机构触发主开关 66。 同 样， 转套 6如何通过第二传动机构触发主开关， 前面也已做了详细介绍， 在 此不再赘述。
本实施例中， 转套 6可操作地控制马达以预定方向旋转， 也就是说， 转 套 6既可操作地控制马达的旋转方向， 也可控制马达的启动和停止， 从而使 得电钻的操作更方便。
当然， 也可将换向钮 64和开关 66独立设置， 转套 6并不控制换向钮 64 和开关 66 , 仅用来控制夹套 13或芯体 12 以将夹套 13或芯体 12相对壳体 2 的位置进行锁定。
参见图 6和图 3 1 , 离合机构 30具有啮合状态和分离状态， 保持机构可 选择地与离合机构 30分离或者啮合， 转套 6从初始位置转换至工作位置， 离 合机构 30处于啮合状态以使得夹套 13相对壳体 2的位置锁定， 而且离合机 构 30与保持机构啮合使得转套 6保持于工作位置。
参见图 5 和图 3 1 , 本优选实施例中， 具体的， 如上所述， 离合机构 30 包括相对夹套 13 固定设置的第一离合元件 24 , 以及与转套 6连接的第二离 合元件 28 , 第二离合元件 28沿主轴轴向可选择地与第一离合元件 24啮合或 者分离， 当第二离合元件 28与第一离合元件 24啮合时， 保持机构与第二离 合元件 28配合以将转套 6保持于工作位置。
转套 6与壳体 2之间设置有弹性装置 22 (参见图 5 ) , 离合机构与保持 机构分离， 弹性装置 22提供转套 6 由工作位置回复至初始位置的弹性力。 优选的， 弹性装置 22设置为压簧， 当然， 也可以设置成扭簧、 拉簧等。
参见图 3 1 , 进一步的， 保持机构包括相对转套 6枢转设置的保持件 92 以及促使保持件 92始终与第二离合元件 28接触的弹性件 94。 本优选实施 例中， 保持件 92枢转设置于连接件 6a上， 弹性件 94设置于转套 6和保持 件 92之间。
第二啮合件具有沿径向向外延伸的凸起部 96 , 当第二啮合件与第一啮 合件啮合时， 凸起部 96止挡保持件 92 以将转套 6保持于工作位置， 当第二 啮合件与第一啮合件分离时， 凸起部 96远离保持件 92。 最终转套 6在弹性 装置 22的作用下由工作位置回复至初始位置。
本优选实施例中， 保持件 92 枢转设于连接件 6a。 具体的， 连接件 6a 上设置收容腔 98 , 收容腔 98 的开口位于连接件 6a 的外圆周面上， 保持件 92至少部分收容于收容腔 98。
进一步的， 保持件 92通过枢轴 100枢转设置， 枢轴 100设于收容腔 98 中， 促使保持件 92始终与第二离合元件 28接触的弹性件 94设置为扭簧， 且扭簧套设于枢轴 100上， 扭簧的一端抵靠于收容腔 98 的一侧面， 扭簧的 另一端抵靠于保持件 92。
转套 6的工作位置包括第一工作位置和第二工作位置，其中第一工作位 置时， 锁紧所述工作附件。 第二工作位置时， 释放所述工作附件。 相应的， 保持件 92设置为至少两个，其中一个保持件 92用于将转套 6保持于第一工 作位置， 其中另一个保持件用于将转套 6保持于第二工作位置。
具体的，转套 6具有第一旋转方向和与第一旋转方向相反的第二旋转方 向， 其中一个保持件 92 自其枢转轴线向与转套 6的第一旋转方向相反的方 向延伸， 其中另一个保持件 92 自其枢转轴线向与转套 6的第二旋转方向相 反的方向延伸。 从而， 使得转套 6向相对的两个旋转方向分别旋转至第一工 作位置和第二工作位置时， 两个保持件 92能将转套 6分别保持于第一工作 位置和第二工作位置。
优选的， 保持件 92设置为 4个， 其中两个保持件 92 自其枢转轴线向与 转套 6的第一旋转方向相反的方向延伸， 其中另两个保持件 92 自其枢转轴 线向与转套 6的第二旋转方向相反的方向延伸。 当然， 保持件 92也可以设 置成其它形式。
参照图 3 2 至图 3 4所示， 为了清楚地表述保持机构将转套 6保持于工作 位置， 将本发明实施例的转套 6以主轴轴线为旋转中心线相对壳体 2向第一 旋转方向旋转为例进行示意说明， 由于转套 6相对壳体 2向与第一旋转方向 相反的第二旋转方向旋转的步骤则基本相同， 因此不作赘述。
参照图 3 2所示， 转套 6 6处于初始位置时 （ 图中未示出 ）， 保持件 92 与 第二啮合件上的凸起部 96 是分离的， 传动件 6b 与夹套 13 之间的离合机构 30 (参见图 5 ) 是脱开的。
参照图 33所示， 向第一旋转方向开始旋转转套 66时 （ 图中未示出 ）， 带 动连接件 6a旋转， 从而带动保持件 92相对于第二离合元件 28周向旋转， 当 保持件 92运动到第二啮合件的凸起部 96时， 保持件 92被凸起部 96推起并 克服弹性件 94的作用力绕枢轴 100逆时针旋转。
进一步参照图 34 , 向第一旋转方向继续旋转转套 66 , 使连接件 6a带动 保持件 92相对于第二离合元件 28周向旋转，当保持件 92越过凸起部 96时， 保持件 92在弹性件 94的作用下绕枢轴 100顺时针旋转，使得保持件 92被凸 起部 96止挡， 从而将转套 66保持于工作位置。
主轴的旋转扭矩达到一定值后， 锁紧或释放好钻头， 第一啮合件与第二 啮合件分离， 从而使第二啮合件的凸起部 96远离保持件 92 , 最终转套 6在 弹性装置 22的作用下由工作位置回复至初始位置。
本发明并不限于前述实施方式， 本领域技术人员在本发明技术精髓的启 示下还可能做出其他变更， 但只要其实现的功能与本发明相同或相似， 均应 涵盖于本发明保护范围内。
本发明并不限于前述实施方式， 本领域技术人员在本发明技术精髓的启 示下还可能做出其他变更， 但只要其实现的功能与本发明相同或相似， 均应 涵盖于本发明保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种动力工具， 包括：
壳体；
设置于壳体内的马达；
由马达驱动输出旋转动力的主轴；
夹头， 用于锁紧和释放工作附件， 所述夹头包括与主轴连接的芯体， 相对芯 体活动设置的多个卡爪， 以及套设于芯体外侧的夹套， 所述夹套与芯体相对 运动能够驱动所述多个卡爪相对于芯体合拢和张开；
其特征在于： 所述动力工具还包括控制装置， 所述控制装置可操作地将夹套 或者芯体相对壳体的位置进行锁定，并且控制马达按照预定的旋转方向启动 从而使夹套和芯体二者之间产生相对运动。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置包括可操 作地相对壳体在初始位置和工作位置之间运动的控制件，所述控制件处于工 作位置， 所述控制装置起作用。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述动力工具还包括控 制马达旋转方向的换向件，所述控制装置还包括连接于控制件与换向件之间 的第一传动机构，所述控制件从初始位置运动至工作位置能够通过第一传动 机构触发换向件。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第一传动机构包括 一对可沿主轴轴向运动的换向推块， 以及与所述换向推块择一滑动配接、 并 可沿垂直主轴轴向运动的换向钮， 所述换向推块对称地设置于换向件的两 侧， 所述换向钮用于触发所述换向件。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置还包括连 接于控制件上并能够相对壳体旋转的连接件，所述连接件上设置有一对第一 斜坡面，所述换向推块上分别设置有与对应的第一斜坡面抵接的推块第一斜 面， 以及与换向钮抵接的推块第二斜面， 所述换向钮上设置有一对可与对应 的推块第二斜面抵靠的换向斜面。
6. 根据权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述动力工具还包括控 制马达启动和停止的开关，所述控制装置还包括连接于控制件与开关之间的 第二传动机构，控制件从初始位置运动至工作位置能够通过第二传动机构触 发开关。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第二传动机构包括 可沿主轴轴向运动的开关推钮，所述控制装置还包括连接于控制件上并能够 相对壳体旋转的连接件， 所述连接件上设置有一对第二斜坡面， 所述开关推 钮设置有一对与第二斜坡面择一抵接的推钮斜面，所述开关推钮用于触发所 述开关。
8. 根据权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置还包括设 置于控制件与夹套之间的离合机构， 所述离合机构具有啮合状态和分离状 态，所述控制件从初始位置转换至工作位置能够控制所述离合机构从分离状 态转换至啮合状态使得夹套相对壳体的位置锁定。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述离合机构包括相对 夹套固定设置的第一离合单元以及与控制件配接的第二离合单元，所述第二 离合单元沿主轴轴向移动可选择地与第一离合单元啮合或者分离。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第一离合单元与第 二离合单元之间设置有止挡装置， 所述止挡装置相对于壳体固定， 所述止挡 装置与第二离合单元之间设置有第二弹性件。
1 1. 根据权利要求 10所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第二离合单元上 设置有若千个收容部， 第二弹性件包括若千个与收容部——对应的压簧， 所 述压簧至少部分支撑于所述收容部。
12. 根据权利要求 9所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置还包括与 控制件连接且位于壳体内部的传动件，控制件从初始位置转换至工作位置通 过传动件驱动第二离合单元沿主轴轴向移动。
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述传动件与第二离 合单元之间设置有凸轮机构。
14. 根据权利要求 13所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述凸轮机构包括设 置于传动件上的第一凸轮部， 以及设置于第二离合元件的第二凸轮部， 所述 第一凸轮部在控制件的旋转作用下与第二凸轮部配合抵接并可使第二离合 元件沿主轴轴向运动。
15. 根据权利要求 9所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第一离合单元包括 第一啮合件， 所述第二离合单元包括支撑部， 以及沿主轴轴向滑动地设置于 所述支撑部的第二啮合件，所述第二啮合件可选择与第一啮合件啮合或者分 离。
16. 根据权利要求 15所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第二啮合件与支 撑部之间设置有第一弹性件。
17. 根据权利要求 16所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第一啮合件设置 成齿圏， 所述第二啮合件包括若千个可与齿圏啮合的卡销， 所述支撑部包括 若千个与卡销——对应的限位孔，所述卡销至少部分地收容于对应的限位孔 内， 所述第一弹性件包括若千个与限位孔——对应的压簧， 所述压簧完全收 容于对应的限位孔内且与卡销抵接。
18. 根据权利要求 8所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述离合机构包括相对 夹套固定设置的第一离合单元以及与控制件配接的离合组件，所述离合组件 包括沿主轴轴向移动可选择地与第一离合单元啮合或者分离的啮合件以及 离合件， 所述离合件沿主轴轴向移动可选择地与啮合件啮合或者分离。
19. 根据权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制件与壳体之间 设置有弹性装置，所述弹性装置提供控制件由工作位置回复至初始位置的弹 性力。
20. 根据权利要求 19所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置还包括 设置于控制件与夹套之间的离合机构，所述离合机构具有啮合状态和分离状 态， 所述控制件由工作位置回复至初始位置， 所述离合机构从啮合状态转换 至分离状态使得夹套相对壳体的锁定解除。
21. 根据权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置还包括设 置于控制件与夹套之间的离合机构， 所述离合机构具有啮合状态和分离状 态， 所述动力工具还包括可选择地与所述离合机构分离或者啮合的保持机 构， 所述控制件从初始位置转换至工作位置， 所述离合机构处于啮合状态且 与保持机构啮合使得所述控制件保持于工作位置。
22. 根据权利要求 21所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制件与壳体之 间设置有弹性装置， 当离合机构处于分离状态， 所述离合机构与保持机构分 离， 所述弹性装置提供控制件由工作位置回复至初始位置的弹性力。
23. 根据权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制件在初始位置 与工作位置之间能够相对于壳体旋转，所述控制件的旋转轴线与主轴的中心 轴线平行或者共线。
24. 根据权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述工作位置包括第一 工作位置以及第二工作位置， 当控制件处于第一工作位置， 所述控制装置以 预设的第一方向控制马达启动， 当控制件处于第二工作位置， 所述控制装置 以与第一方向相反的第二方向控制马达启动。
25. 根据权利要求 24所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第一工作位置与 第二工作位置对称地设置于初始位置的两侧。
24. 根据权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述动力工具还包括控 制马达旋转方向的换向件以及控制马达启动和停止的开关，所述当控制件由 初始位置向工作位置运动的过程中，所述控制装置将夹套相对壳体的位置进 行锁定、 触发换向件， 最后触发开关。
25. 根据权利要求 24所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置包括设 置于控制件与夹套之间的离合机构，所述工作位置包括第一位置、第二位置、 以及第三位置， 当控制件处于初始位置时， 所述离合机构分离， 当控制件处 于第一位置时， 所述离合机构啮合以使得夹套相对壳体的位置进行锁定， 当 控制件处于第二位置时， 所述换向件触发， 当控制件处于第三位置时， 所述 开关触发。
26. 根据权利要求 25所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第一、 第二、 第 三位置包括两个， 所述第一、 第二、 第三位置分别对称地设置于初始位置的 两侧。
27. 根据权利要求 2所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述动力工具包括两种 操作模式， 包括操作控制件使夹头锁紧和释放的自动模式， 以及操作夹套相 对芯体运动的手动模式。
28. 一种如权利要求 2所述的动力工具快速锁紧工作附件的操作方法， 所述 操作方法包括以下步骤： 操作控制件从初始位置运动至工作位置； 然后释放 控制件。
29. 如权利要求 28所述的操作方法， 其特征在于： 所述控制件从初始位置 运动至工作位置的操作为旋转所述控制件。
30. 根据权利要求 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置包括可操 作地选择初始状态或者工作状态的控制件、 处理器、 控制件状态检测电路及 驱动控制电路， 所述控制件状态检测电路检测控制件的物理状态参数， 处理 器根据检测到的物理状态参数发送与该物理状态参数对应的控制信号，而驱 动控制电路用于接收处理器的控制信号并控制马达按照预定的旋转方向启 动。
3 1. 根据权利要求 30所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制件相对壳体 活动设置，并且能够在所述初始状态和工作状态对应的初始位置和工作位置 之间运动， 所述控制件状态检测电路包括用于检测控制件位置的第一传感 器。
32. 根据权利要求 3 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述第一传感器包括 至少两个霍尔传感器。
33. 根据权利要求 3 1所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置还包括 用于测量所述马达负载参数的第二传感器，处理器根据传感器检测到的马达 负载参数与预设值作比较运算，当检测到的马达负载参数大于预设值时控制 马达停止。
34. 根据权利要求 30所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制件构造为信 号开关， 当信号开关被触发时， 生成一电信号并传递给处理器， 处理器响应 该电信号而控制马达按照预定的旋转方向启动。
35. 根据权利要求 34所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述控制装置还包括 与所述夹套或者芯体配合的电磁铁装置，所述处理器接收到所述信号开关接 通的信号后，控制所述电磁铁装置通电以将夹套或者芯体相对壳体的位置进 行锁定。
36. 根据权利要求 30所述的动力工具， 其特征在于： 所述动力工具还包括 控制马达旋转方向的换向件以及控制马达启动和停止的扳机，处理器根据换 向件的位置信号控制马达按照预定的方向旋转，处理器根据扳机的位置信号 控制马达的启动和停止。
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