WO2015025903A1 - 被覆切削工具 - Google Patents
被覆切削工具 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015025903A1 WO2015025903A1 PCT/JP2014/071823 JP2014071823W WO2015025903A1 WO 2015025903 A1 WO2015025903 A1 WO 2015025903A1 JP 2014071823 W JP2014071823 W JP 2014071823W WO 2015025903 A1 WO2015025903 A1 WO 2015025903A1
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- layer
- cutting tool
- coated cutting
- cracks
- compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/40—Oxides
- C23C16/403—Oxides of aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/148—Composition of the cutting inserts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/36—Carbonitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/56—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2222/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of metals, alloys or metal matrices
- B23B2222/16—Cermet
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
- B23B2224/04—Aluminium oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
- B23B2224/32—Titanium carbide nitride (TiCN)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2224/00—Materials of tools or workpieces composed of a compound including a metal
- B23B2224/36—Titanium nitride
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23B2226/12—Boron nitride
- B23B2226/125—Boron nitride cubic [CBN]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2226/00—Materials of tools or workpieces not comprising a metal
- B23B2226/18—Ceramic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2228/00—Properties of materials of tools or workpieces, materials of tools or workpieces applied in a specific manner
- B23B2228/10—Coatings
- B23B2228/105—Coatings with specified thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coated cutting tool.
- a coated cutting tool in which a coating layer composed of layers is formed by vapor deposition with a total film thickness of 3 to 20 ⁇ m by chemical vapor deposition is used for cutting of steel, cast iron and the like.
- a cutting tool having a high-density crack in the coating on the lower part on the substrate side and a coating low-density crack on the upper part on the surface side is known (for example, see Patent Document 2).
- the present invention has been made in order to solve these problems, and has excellent chipping resistance, wear resistance and chipping resistance by devising a crack generation mode of a coated cutting tool, and has a tool life.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a long coated cutting tool.
- the present inventor has conducted research on extending the tool life of the coated cutting tool.
- the chip resistance and wear resistance are not impaired, and the chipping resistance is improved.
- the tool life can be extended.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows.
- a coated cutting tool comprising a substrate and a coating layer formed on the surface of the substrate,
- the coating layer includes at least one Ti compound layer,
- the Ti compound layer is a compound containing Ti element and at least one element selected from the group consisting of C, N, O and B,
- the Ti compound layer when the polished surface substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate is viewed from above, the Ti compound layer has a region surrounded by cracks, Inside the region, there is an intermittent crack where one or both ends of the crack does not contact the crack constituting the region,
- a coated cutting tool in which the relationship between the average number density A of the region and the average number density B of the intermittent cracks satisfies 0.7 ⁇ B / A ⁇ 2.
- the Ti compound layer is a compound further including at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Al, and Si.
- the aluminum oxide layer is a compound further containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Si (1) to (4) Any coated cutting tool.
- the coating layer has at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Si on the surface of the aluminum oxide layer and C, N, O and B
- the base material is one of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, or cubic boron nitride sintered body.
- the coated cutting tool of the present invention comprises a substrate and a coating layer formed on the surface of the substrate.
- Specific examples of the coated cutting tool include a cutting edge exchangeable cutting insert for milling or turning, a drill, an end mill, and the like.
- the substrate of the present invention examples include cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, cubic boron nitride sintered body, diamond sintered body, high speed steel and the like.
- the base material is one of cemented carbide, cermet, ceramics, or cubic boron nitride sintered body because of excellent wear resistance and fracture resistance.
- these base materials may have a modified surface.
- a de- ⁇ layer may be formed on the surface, and in the case of cermet, a surface hardened layer may be formed. Even if the surface is modified in this way, The effect is shown.
- the total layer thickness of the entire coating layer of the present invention is preferably 3 to 30 ⁇ m in average layer thickness. If it is less than 3 ⁇ m, the abrasion resistance may be inferior, and if it exceeds 30 ⁇ m, the adhesion to the substrate and the fracture resistance may be reduced. Among these, the thickness is more preferably 3 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the coating layer of the present invention includes at least one Ti compound layer.
- the Ti compound layer means a compound layer containing Ti element as an essential component and further containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of C, N, O and B.
- the Ti compound layer may contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Al, and Si as an optional component.
- the Ti compound layer of the present invention is formed on the surface of the base material because adhesion between the base material and the coating layer is improved.
- the average thickness of the Ti compound layer of the present invention is preferably 2 to 20 ⁇ m. This is because when the average thickness of the Ti compound layer is less than 2 ⁇ m, the wear resistance tends to decrease. On the other hand, when the average thickness of the Ti compound layer exceeds 20 ⁇ m, the fracture resistance tends to decrease. Because it is seen.
- the Ti compound layer of the present invention has a region surrounded by cracks in the Ti compound layer when the polished surface substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate is viewed from above, and one end of the crack or Both ends have intermittent cracks that do not contact the cracks that make up the region.
- “seen from the top surface” means that the polished surface is viewed from the direction of the normal to the surface. In other words, it does not exist because it has been polished, but when viewed from the surface side of the coating layer, that is, when viewed from the opposite side of the substrate.
- the relationship between the average number density A of the region and the average number density B of the intermittent cracks satisfies 0.7 ⁇ B / A ⁇ 2
- the effect of stopping the cracks generated in the coating layer during the cutting by the intermittent cracks is obtained.
- chipping resistance and chipping resistance are excellent.
- the particles of the coating layer that fall off during cutting can be suppressed to a minimum, so that wear resistance can be maintained.
- the relationship B / A between the average number density A of the region and the average number density B of the intermittent cracks is 0.7 or less, the distribution of the intermittent cracks is insufficient, so that cracks generated in the coating layer during cutting The effect of stopping the progress with intermittent cracks cannot be obtained, and chipping resistance and chipping resistance are reduced.
- the relationship B / A between the average number density A of the region and the average number density B of the intermittent cracks is 2 or more, the distribution of the intermittent cracks is large, so that the cracks constituting the region and the intermittent cracks are easily connected. The chipping resistance decreases.
- the polished surface of the Ti compound layer is the surface of the Ti compound layer obtained by polishing the coated cutting tool until the Ti compound layer is exposed in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate. At this time, it is preferable to obtain a polished surface at a position having a thickness of 50% or more of the average thickness of the Ti compound layer.
- the coated cutting tool in which the Ti compound layer having a plurality of compositions is formed measures the region of the layer having the thickest average layer thickness and intermittent cracks.
- the region observed on the polished surface of the Ti compound layer of the present invention is a crack generated in the coating layer upon cooling after forming the coating layer and a crack generated in the coating layer by processing such as dry blasting or shot peening. It is an enclosed range. Regarding the number of regions, a minimum area surrounded by cracks is defined as one region. If there is a smaller area in the area, it is assumed that there are two areas.
- the average number density of the region of the present invention can be obtained by the following method.
- the number of regions observed on the polished surface of the Ti compound layer is measured. By dividing the number of the regions by the measured area of the Ti compound layer, the number density of the regions can be obtained. When the number density is divided by the number of measured fields, the average number density can be obtained.
- the intermittent crack of the present invention is a crack in which one end or both ends of the crack are not in contact with the crack constituting the region.
- the mode of the intermittent crack is, for example, a mode in which no crack is in contact with the area, a crack progresses from the crack constituting the area toward the inside of the area, but progresses in the middle without crossing the area The mode etc. which are stopped can be mentioned.
- the average number density of the intermittent cracks of the present invention can be obtained by the following method.
- the number of intermittent cracks observed on the polished surface of the Ti compound layer is measured. By dividing the number of the intermittent cracks by the measured area of the Ti compound layer, the number density of the intermittent cracks can be obtained.
- the average number density can be determined by summing the number densities of the measured fields and dividing the sum of the number densities by the number of fields measured.
- the coating layer of the present invention preferably contains an aluminum oxide layer (hereinafter referred to as Al 2 O 3 layer) on the surface of the Ti compound layer, since the progress of wear due to reaction with the work material can be suppressed.
- the crystal type of the Al 2 O 3 layer is not particularly limited, and examples include ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, pseudo- ⁇ -type, ⁇ -type, and ⁇ -type.
- the crystalline form of the Al 2 O 3 layer is preferably a ⁇ type excellent adhesion to the high temperature stable ⁇ -type, or Ti compound layer and the Al 2 O 3 layer.
- the Al 2 O 3 layer is an ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 layer, chipping and chipping are less likely to occur.
- the average layer thickness of the Al 2 O 3 layer is preferably 1 to 15 ⁇ m. When the average layer thickness of the Al 2 O 3 layer is less than 1 ⁇ m, the crater wear resistance on the rake face may be reduced, and when it exceeds 15 ⁇ m, peeling tends to occur and the fracture resistance may be reduced.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a photograph of the polished surface substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate in the Ti compound layer of the present invention viewed from above, and the surface of the conventional Ti compound layer is substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate.
- An example of a photograph of a polished surface viewed from above is shown in FIG.
- Method of forming coating layer examples include the following methods.
- the TiN layer has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 5.0 to 10.0 mol%, N 2 : 20 to 60 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 850 to 920 ° C., pressure: 100 to 350 hPa. It can be formed by chemical vapor deposition.
- the TiCN layer has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 10 to 15 mol%, CH 3 CN: 1 to 3 mol%, N 2 : 0 to 20 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 850 to 920 ° C., pressure: 60 It can be formed by a chemical vapor deposition method of up to 80 hPa.
- the TiC layer has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 1.0 to 3.0 mol%, CH 4 : 4.0 to 6.0 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 990 to 1030 ° C, pressure: 50 to It can be formed by a chemical vapor deposition method of 100 hPa.
- the ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 layer has a raw material gas composition of AlCl 3 : 2.1 to 5.0 mol%, CO 2 : 2.5 to 4.0 mol%, HCl: 2.0 to 3.0 mol%, H 2 S: 0.28 to 0.45 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 900 to 1000 ° C., pressure: 60 to 80 hPa.
- the ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 layer has a raw material gas composition of AlCl 3 : 2.1 to 5.0 mol%, CO 2 : 3.0 to 6.0 mol%, CO: 3.0 to 5.5 mol%, HCl : 3.0 to 5.0 mol%, H 2 S: 0.3 to 0.5 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 900 to 1000 ° C., pressure: 60 to 80 hPa. Can do.
- the TiAlCNO layer has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 3.0 to 5.0 mol%, AlCl 3 : 1.0 to 2.0 mol%, CO: 0.4 to 1.0 mol%, N 2 : 30 to 40 mol%. %, H 2 : the remainder, temperature: 975 to 1025 ° C., pressure: 90 to 110 hPa.
- the TiAlCO layer has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 0.5 to 1.5 mol%, AlCl 3 : 3.0 to 5.0 mol%, CO: 2.0 to 4.0 mol%, H 2 : remaining, It can be formed by a chemical vapor deposition method at a temperature of 975 to 1025 ° C. and a pressure of 60 to 100 hPa.
- the TiCNO layer has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 3.0 to 5.0 mol%, CO: 0.4 to 1.0 mol%, N 2 : 30 to 40 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 975 to It can be formed by chemical vapor deposition at 1025 ° C. and pressure: 90 to 110 hPa.
- the TiCO layer has a raw material gas composition of TiCl 4 : 0.5 to 1.5 mol%, CO: 2.0 to 4.0 mol%, H 2 : remaining, temperature: 975 to 1025 ° C., pressure: 60 to 100 hPa. It can be formed by the chemical vapor deposition method.
- a coated cutting tool in which the average number density A of regions and the average number density B of intermittent cracks in the Ti compound layer satisfy 0.7 ⁇ B / A ⁇ 2 is obtained, for example, by the following method.
- the average number density B of intermittent cracks in the Ti compound layer can be easily controlled.
- the projection material has a sharp convex part.
- dry shot blasting conditions are such that the projection material is projected at a projection speed of 80 to 100 m / sec and a projection time of 0.5 to 1 minute so that the projection angle is 30 to 90 ° with respect to the surface of the coating layer. It is good to project.
- the shot material for dry shot blasting is preferably made of a material such as Al 2 O 3 or ZrO 2 having an average particle size of 160 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the layer thickness of each layer can be measured from the cross-sectional structure of the coated cutting tool using an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), or the like.
- the layer thickness of the coated cutting tool may be determined by measuring three or more layer thicknesses of each layer at a position in the vicinity of 50 ⁇ m from the cutting edge toward the rake face of the coated cutting tool, and obtaining an average value thereof.
- the composition of each layer can be measured from the cross-sectional structure of the coated cutting tool of the present invention using an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), a wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometer (WDS), or the like.
- EDS energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer
- WDS wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometer
- Examples of the method for measuring the region of the Ti compound layer and the intermittent cracks include the following methods.
- the coated cutting tool is polished until the Ti compound layer is exposed in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate to obtain a polished surface of the Ti compound layer.
- the polished surface is etched with hydrofluoric acid, cracks can be easily observed.
- the polished surface is observed at 300 to 750 times using an optical microscope, and a photograph of the polished surface is taken. Using this photograph of the polished surface, the number of Ti compound layer regions and the number of intermittent cracks are measured. By dividing the number of measured regions and the number of intermittent cracks by the measured area, the number density of the regions and intermittent cracks can be obtained.
- the average number density A and the average number density B of the intermittent cracks can be obtained by summing the measured areas of each visual field and the number density of the intermittent cracks and dividing each by the number of measured visual fields. It is preferable to measure a range of 0.2 mm 2 or more using a photograph of the polished surface. Note that when the number of regions was measured using a photograph of the polished surface, the region in which it was not possible to confirm whether or not the region was formed because cracks were interrupted at the edge of the photograph was set to 0.5 regions.
- the coated cutting tool of the present invention maintains wear resistance and is excellent in chipping resistance and fracture resistance, it has an effect that the tool life can be extended as compared with the prior art.
- a cemented carbide cutting insert of 86.0WC-1.0TiCN-1.3TaC-0.2NbC-0.5ZrC-11.0Co (more than mass%) composition of JIS standard CNMG120212 shape was prepared.
- the surface of the base material was cleaned after round honing was performed on the cutting edge ridge line portion of the base material with a SiC brush.
- the base material was inserted into an external heating chemical vapor deposition apparatus, and a coating layer was formed on the surface of the base material so as to have the configuration and average layer thickness of the coating layer shown in Table 1.
- Ten samples were prepared each.
- ⁇ in the crystal form of the aluminum oxide layer (Al 2 O 3 layer) represents an ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 layer
- ⁇ represents a ⁇ -type Al 2 O 3 layer.
- the dry shot blasting conditions of Inventions 1 to 10 are such that the projection material is projected at a projection speed of 90 m / sec and a projection time of 0.5 to 1 minute so that the projection angle is 45 ° with respect to the surface of the coating layer. Projected.
- the dry shot blasting projection material Al 2 O 3 having an average aspect ratio of 2 to 4 and an average particle diameter of 50 ⁇ m when measured at the position where the diameter of the projection material is the smallest was used.
- Comparative product 3 was dry shot blasted using a steel ball projection material having an average particle size of 150 ⁇ m.
- the dry shot blasting was performed by projecting the projection material at a projection speed of 120 m / sec and a projection time of 1 minute so that the projection angle was 45 ° with respect to the surface of the coating layer.
- the dry shot blasting conditions of comparative products 4, 5, 7, and 8 are as follows. Projected with a projection time of. Al 2 O 3 having an average particle size of 150 ⁇ m was used as a projection material for dry shot blasting.
- Comparative product 6 was wet shot blasted.
- the projection material was projected at a projection speed of 120 m / sec and a projection time of 1 minute so that the projection angle was 45 ° with respect to the surface of the coating layer.
- Al 2 O 3 having an average particle size of 30 ⁇ m was used as a projection material for wet shot blasting.
- the layer thickness of each layer of the obtained sample was determined by measuring three cross sections near the position of 50 ⁇ m from the cutting edge of the coated cutting tool toward the center of the rake face with an SEM, and obtaining an average value thereof.
- the obtained sample was polished until the Ti compound layer was exposed in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the substrate.
- the polished surface of the Ti compound layer was adjusted so that the average layer thickness was 70%, and the polished surface of the Ti compound was etched with hydrofluoric acid.
- the polished surface of the Ti compound layer was observed at 300 times using an optical microscope, and a photograph of the polished surface in the range of 0.33 mm 2 was taken.
- three inserts were prepared, and the number of Ti compound layer regions and the number of intermittent cracks were determined using photographs of the polished surfaces, and the average number density A of the Ti compound layer regions was determined from these values.
- the average number density B of intermittent cracks was determined. Table 2 shows the average number density A of the Ti compound layer region and the average number density B of the intermittent cracks.
- Cutting test 1 and cutting test 2 were performed using the obtained samples. Table 3 shows the working distance to the end of the tool life.
- the cutting test 1 evaluates abrasion resistance
- the cutting test 2 is a test which evaluates fracture resistance.
- the inventive product takes longer to complete the tool life and the number of impacts than the comparative product. It can be seen that the lifetime is significantly longer.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(1)基材と、該基材の表面に形成された被覆層とを備える被覆切削工具であって、
前記被覆層は、少なくとも1層のTi化合物層を含み、
前記Ti化合物層は、Ti元素と、C、N、OおよびBから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素とを含む化合物であり、
前記Ti化合物層における、前記基材の表面と略平行な研磨面を上面から見たとき、前記Ti化合物層にはクラックによって囲まれた領域を有し、
前記領域の内側には、クラックの一端または両端が前記領域を構成するクラックと接しない断続クラックを有し、
前記領域の平均数密度Aと前記断続クラックの平均数密度Bとの関係が0.7<B/A<2を満たす被覆切削工具。
(2)前記Ti化合物層は前記基材の表面に形成され、平均層厚が2~20μmである(1)の被覆切削工具。
(3)前記被覆層は、前記Ti化合物層の表面に、平均層厚が1~15μmの酸化アルミニウム層を有する(1)または(2)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(4)前記Ti化合物層は、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、AlおよびSiから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素をさらに含む化合物である(1)~(3)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(5)前記酸化アルミニウム層は、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、WおよびSiから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素をさらに含む化合物である(1)~(4)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(6)前記被覆層は、酸化アルミニウム層の表面にZr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、WおよびSiから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素とC、N、OおよびBから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種とからなる最外層を含む(1)~(5)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(7)前記被覆層全体の合計層厚は、平均層厚で3~30μmである(1)~(6)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
(8)前記基材は、超硬合金、サーメット、セラミックスまたは立方晶窒化硼素焼結体のいずれかである(1)~(7)のいずれかの被覆切削工具。
本発明の被覆切削工具は、基材とその基材の表面に形成された被覆層とからなる。被覆切削工具の種類として具体的には、フライス加工用または旋削加工用刃先交換型切削インサート、ドリル、エンドミルなどを挙げることができる。
本発明の基材は、例えば、超硬合金、サーメット、セラミックス、立方晶窒化硼素焼結体、ダイヤモンド焼結体、高速度鋼などを挙げることができる。その中でも、基材が超硬合金、サーメット、セラミックスまたは立方晶窒化硼素焼結体のいずれかであると、耐摩耗性および耐欠損性に優れるのでさらに好ましい。
本発明の被覆層全体の合計層厚は、平均層厚で3~30μmであることが好ましい。3μm未満であると、耐摩耗性に劣る場合があり、30μmを超えると、基材との密着性および耐欠損性が低下する場合がある。その中でも、3~20μmであるとさらに好ましい。
本発明の被覆層は、少なくとも1層のTi化合物層を含む。Ti化合物層とは、Ti元素を必須成分として含み、さらに、C、N、OおよびBから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を含む化合物層を意味する。Ti化合物層には、任意成分としてZr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、AlおよびSiから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を含んでもよい。
本発明の被覆切削工具における被覆層を構成する各層の形成方法として、例えば、以下の方法を挙げることができる。
被削材:S45Cの丸棒、
切削速度:250m/min、
送り:0.30mm/rev、
切り込み:2.0mm、
クーラント:有り、
評価項目:試料が欠損または最大逃げ面摩耗幅が0.2mmに至ったときを工具寿命とし、工具寿命までの加工時間を測定した。
被削材:S45Cの長さ方向に等間隔で2本の溝入り丸棒、
切削速度:200m/min、
送り:0.40mm/rev、
切り込み:1.5mm、
クーラント:有り、
評価項目:試料が欠損に至ったときを工具寿命とし、工具寿命までの衝撃回数を測定した。衝撃回数は、試料と被削材とが接触した回数とし、接触回数が最大で20000回に到達した時点で試験を終了した。なお、各試料について、5個のインサートを用意し、それぞれ衝撃回数を測定し、それらの衝撃回数の値から平均値を求め、工具寿命とした。
Claims (8)
- 基材と、該基材の表面に形成された被覆層とを備える被覆切削工具であって、
前記被覆層は、少なくとも1層のTi化合物層を含み、
前記Ti化合物層は、Ti元素と、C、N、OおよびBから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素とを含む化合物であり、
前記Ti化合物層における、前記基材の表面と略平行な研磨面を上面から見たとき、前記Ti化合物層にはクラックによって囲まれた領域を有し、
前記領域の内側には、クラックの一端または両端が前記領域を構成するクラックと接しない断続クラックを有し、
前記領域の平均数密度Aと前記断続クラックの平均数密度Bとの関係が0.7<B/A<2を満たす被覆切削工具。 - 前記Ti化合物層は前記基材の表面に形成され、平均層厚が2~20μmである請求項1に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記被覆層は、前記Ti化合物層の表面に、平均層厚が1~15μmの酸化アルミニウム層を有する請求項1または2のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記Ti化合物層は、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、AlおよびSiから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素をさらに含む化合物である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記酸化アルミニウム層は、Zr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、WおよびSiから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素をさらに含む化合物である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記被覆層は、酸化アルミニウム層の表面にZr、Hf、V、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、WおよびSiから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素とC、N、OおよびBから成る群より選ばれる少なくとも1種とからなる最外層を含む請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記被覆層全体の合計層厚は、平均層厚で3~30μmである請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
- 前記基材は、超硬合金、サーメット、セラミックスまたは立方晶窒化硼素焼結体のいずれかである請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の被覆切削工具。
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JP2015532886A JP5962862B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | 被覆切削工具 |
CA2922827A CA2922827C (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Coated cutting tool |
BR112016002973-9A BR112016002973B1 (pt) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | ferramenta de corte revestida |
US14/912,742 US20160208379A1 (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Coated cutting tool |
CN201480045944.9A CN105579171B (zh) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | 被覆切削工具 |
RU2016109784A RU2635055C2 (ru) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Режущий инструмент с покрытием |
KR1020167003606A KR101722009B1 (ko) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | 피복 절삭 공구 |
EP14838338.3A EP3037196B1 (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2014-08-21 | Coated cutting tool |
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WO2018124111A1 (ja) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-05 | 京セラ株式会社 | 切削インサート |
DE112017006553T5 (de) | 2016-12-26 | 2019-09-26 | Kyocera Corporation | Schneideinsatz |
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US9371580B2 (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2016-06-21 | Kennametal Inc. | Coated body wherein the coating scheme includes a coating layer of TiAl2O3 and method of making the same |
CN110023011B (zh) * | 2016-10-25 | 2021-02-05 | 株式会社泰珂洛 | 被覆切削工具 |
JP6210346B1 (ja) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-10-11 | 株式会社タンガロイ | 被覆切削工具 |
US10502550B2 (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-12-10 | Kennametal Inc. | Method of non-destructive testing a cutting insert to determine coating thickness |
JP6999383B2 (ja) * | 2017-11-29 | 2022-01-18 | 株式会社タンガロイ | 被覆切削工具 |
EP3567133A1 (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2019-11-13 | Tungaloy Corporation | Coated cutting tool |
LU100871B1 (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-01-13 | Tungaloy Corp | Coated cutting tool |
JP7385172B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-11 | 2023-11-22 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 硬質被覆層がすぐれた耐溶着性、耐塑性変形性および耐異常損傷性を発揮する表面被覆切削工具 |
RU202239U1 (ru) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-08 | Владимир Васильевич Галайко | Спиральное сверло |
RU202312U1 (ru) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-02-11 | Владимир Васильевич Галайко | Спиральное сверло |
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CN105579171A (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
EP3037196B1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
JP5962862B2 (ja) | 2016-08-03 |
BR112016002973B1 (pt) | 2020-11-17 |
JPWO2015025903A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
RU2635055C2 (ru) | 2017-11-08 |
EP3037196A1 (en) | 2016-06-29 |
KR101722009B1 (ko) | 2017-03-31 |
US20160208379A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
RU2016109784A (ru) | 2017-09-26 |
CA2922827A1 (en) | 2015-02-26 |
EP3037196A4 (en) | 2017-03-29 |
CN105579171B (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
CA2922827C (en) | 2017-01-31 |
KR20160029853A (ko) | 2016-03-15 |
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