WO2015025805A1 - アルミニウム複合材、及びアルミニウム複合材の製造方法 - Google Patents
アルミニウム複合材、及びアルミニウム複合材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015025805A1 WO2015025805A1 PCT/JP2014/071497 JP2014071497W WO2015025805A1 WO 2015025805 A1 WO2015025805 A1 WO 2015025805A1 JP 2014071497 W JP2014071497 W JP 2014071497W WO 2015025805 A1 WO2015025805 A1 WO 2015025805A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/006—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of flat products, e.g. sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/02—Selection of uniform shielding materials
- G21F1/08—Metals; Alloys; Cermets, i.e. sintered mixtures of ceramics and metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aluminum composite material and a method for producing the aluminum composite material.
- Patent Document 1 Alloys as disclosed in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4 are known as materials having neutron absorption performance.
- An object of an aspect of the present invention is to provide an aluminum composite material having neutron absorption performance and good workability, and a method for producing the aluminum composite material.
- An aluminum composite material includes a first metal plate, a second metal plate, a base material disposed between the first metal plate and the second metal plate, and formed of aluminum powder.
- the gadolinium oxide particles are dispersed in the base material.
- the gadolinium oxide particles are dispersed in the base material of the aluminum powder, an aluminum composite material having neutron absorption performance and good workability is provided. Moreover, since the 1st metal plate and 2nd metal plate which pinch
- the base material may contain the gadolinium oxide particles in an amount of 6% by mass to 30% by mass.
- the base material contains the gadolinium oxide particles in an amount of 6% by mass to 30% by mass, an elongation rate of 8% or more, and a radius of curvature that does not cause a crack when subjected to a 90-degree bending test.
- R and the thickness are Da
- the formability represented by the minimum value of the ratio R / Da may be 2.3 or more and 6.0 or less.
- boron carbide particles may be further dispersed in the base material.
- an aluminum composite material having a good balance in characteristics such as neutron absorption performance, workability, and manufacturing cost is provided.
- boron carbide particles are further dispersed in the base material, the gadolinium oxide particles are contained in the base material in an amount of 2% by mass to 10% by mass, and the boron carbide particles are 10% by mass or more. You may contain 20 mass% or less. Thereby, an aluminum composite material having neutron absorption performance and good workability is provided.
- boron carbide particles are further dispersed in the base material, the gadolinium oxide particles are contained in the base material in an amount of 2% by mass to 20% by mass, and the boron carbide particles are 10% by mass or more. It may be contained in an amount of 20% by mass or less, and the elongation may be 2% or more.
- an aluminum composite material having neutron absorption performance and good workability is provided.
- boron carbide particles are further dispersed in the base material, the gadolinium oxide particles are contained in the base material in an amount of 2% by mass to 10% by mass, and the boron carbide particles are 10% by mass or more. It is contained by 20% by mass or less, the elongation is 6% or more, and when the radius of curvature is R and the thickness is Da, when the 90-degree bending test is performed, the minimum value of the ratio R / Da is expressed.
- the moldability may be 4.5 or more and 7.5 or less. Thereby, an aluminum composite material having neutron absorption performance and good workability is provided.
- At least one of the first metal plate and the second metal plate may be made of aluminum or stainless steel.
- the aluminum composite material which has corrosion resistance and has the expected strength is provided.
- the method for producing an aluminum composite material includes a step of mixing aluminum powder and gadolinium oxide particles, a step of filling a case with the mixed material generated by the mixing, and forming a rolled body, A step of heating the rolled body, and a step of rolling the heated rolled body to produce an aluminum composite.
- the mixed material is filled in a case and rolled, so that the gadolinium oxide particles are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum powder.
- Aluminum composites can be manufactured. Thereby, an aluminum composite material having neutron absorption performance and good workability can be manufactured.
- the mixing may be performed so that the gadolinium oxide particles are contained in an amount of 6% by mass to 30% by mass in the mixed material.
- an aluminum composite material having neutron absorption performance and good workability can be manufactured.
- the mixing step may further include mixing boron carbide particles.
- an aluminum composite material having a good balance in characteristics such as neutron absorption performance, workability, and manufacturing cost can be manufactured.
- the mixing step further includes mixing boron carbide particles, the gadolinium oxide particles are contained in the mixed material in an amount of 2% by mass to 20% by mass, and the boron carbide particles
- the said mixing may be performed so that it may contain 10 mass% or more and 20 mass% or less.
- the case includes a first case and a second case
- the step of forming the body to be rolled includes filling the mixed material in a recess of the first case, and the mixing Covering the opening of the recess filled with the material with the second case.
- the filling of the mixed material into the first case may include tapping the first case. Thereby, the filling density of the mixed material in the first case can be increased.
- the first case is arranged such that the upper surface of the mixed material filled in the concave portion of the first case and the upper surface of the first case around the concave portion are arranged in the same plane. May be filled with the above-mentioned mixed material. Thereby, after filling a 1st case with a mixed material, a 1st case and a 2nd case can be joined smoothly.
- an aluminum composite material having neutron absorption performance and good workability can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for producing an aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a case used in the method for producing an aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case and a reinforcing material used in the method for producing an aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a member to be rolled.
- FIG. 6 is a view for explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment, and shows an example in which the first case is prepared.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for producing an aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a view for explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment, and shows a state in which the first case and the extension sleeve are overlapped.
- FIG. 8 is a view for explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment, and shows a state in which the mixed material is put into the space formed by the first case and the extension sleeve. It is.
- FIG. 9 is a view for explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment, and the tapping is performed by introducing the mixed material into the space formed by the first case and the extension sleeve.
- FIG. 10 is a view for explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the aluminum composite material according to this embodiment, and shows a state in which the extension sleeve is removed from the first case.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method for manufacturing the aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment, and shows a state in which at least a part of the mixed material of the first case has been recovered.
- FIG. 12 is a view for explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment, and shows a state in which the opening of the first case is covered with the second case.
- FIG. 13 is a view for explaining an example of the manufacturing method of the aluminum composite material according to the present embodiment, and is a view showing a state in which the material to be rolled is formed by filling the case with the mixed material.
- FIG. 14 is a photograph showing an example of the base material according to the example.
- FIG. 15 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 16 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 17 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 18 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 19 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 14 is a photograph showing an example of the base material according to the example.
- FIG. 15 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 16 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 20 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 21 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 22 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to the example.
- FIG. 23 is a photograph showing an example of a base material according to a comparative example.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the aluminum composite material 100 according to the present embodiment.
- aluminum is a concept including one or both of pure aluminum and an aluminum alloy.
- an aluminum composite material 100 includes a metal plate 1, a metal plate 2, and a base material 3 arranged between the metal plate 1 and the metal plate 2.
- One surface of the base material 3 and the metal plate 1 are in contact with each other, and the other surface of the base material 3 facing the opposite direction of the one surface is in contact with the metal plate 2.
- the base material 3 is sandwiched between the metal plate 1 and the metal plate 2.
- the base material 3 may be referred to as the core material 3
- the metal plate 1 and the metal plate 2 may be referred to as the skin material 1 and the skin material 2, respectively.
- the base material 3 is made of aluminum powder, and particles having neutron absorption performance are dispersed in the base material 3.
- the neutron absorption performance includes a function of inhibiting neutron transmission.
- gadolinium oxide particles are dispersed in the base material 3.
- Gadolinium oxide (Gd 2 O 3 ) is a material having neutron absorption performance.
- the base material 3 may contain 6% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less of gadolinium oxide particles.
- the base material 3 may be produced from aluminum powder and gadolinium oxide particles. When the base material 3 is produced
- boron carbide particles may be dispersed in the base material 3.
- Boron carbide (B 4 C) is a material having neutron absorption performance.
- the base material 3 may contain 2% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of gadolinium oxide particles, and may contain 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of boron carbide particles.
- the base material 3 may contain 2% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of gadolinium oxide particles, and may contain 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of boron carbide particles.
- Base material 3 may be generated from aluminum powder, gadolinium oxide particles, and boron carbide particles.
- the base material 3 When the base material 3 is produced from aluminum powder, gadolinium oxide particles and boron carbide particles, the base material 3 is composed of 2% by mass to 10% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and 10% by mass to 20% by mass of carbonization. It may be produced from boron particles and the remaining aluminum powder.
- neutron absorption particles one or both of gadolinium oxide particles and boron carbide particles having neutron absorption performance are appropriately referred to as neutron absorption particles.
- the metal plate 1 and the metal plate 2 are each made of aluminum. Both the metal plate 1 and the metal plate 2 may be made of stainless steel, or one of the metal plate 1 and the metal plate 2 may be made of aluminum and the other may be made of stainless steel.
- the thickness Da of the aluminum composite material 100 is a total value of the thickness D1 of the metal plate 1, the thickness D2 of the metal plate 2, and the thickness D3 of the base material 3.
- the total value (D1 + D2) of the thickness D1 of the metal plate 1 and the thickness D2 of the metal plate D2 is set to 15% or more and 25% or less of the thickness Da of the aluminum composite material 100.
- the aluminum powder of the base material 3 will be described.
- the aluminum powder that forms the base material 3 may be formed of, for example, an aluminum alloy defined by A1100 according to JIS standards (AA1100 according to AA standards).
- the aluminum powder has a total of 0.95 wt% or less of silicon (Si) and iron (Fe), 0.05 wt% to 0.20 wt% of copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn). It is formed from a material having a composition of 0.05% by mass or less, zinc (Zn) of 0.10% by mass or less, and the remainder being aluminum and inevitable impurities.
- the composition of the aluminum powder is not limited to the above composition.
- the aluminum powder may be pure aluminum (JIS1050, JIS1070, etc.), Al—Cu alloy (JIS2017, etc.), Al—Mg—Si alloy (JIS6061, etc.), Al—Zn—Mg alloy (JIS7075, etc.), and You may form from the at least 1 alloy of an Al-Mn type alloy.
- the composition of the aluminum powder may be determined in consideration of required characteristics, moldability, the amount of particles to be mixed, raw material costs, and the like.
- the aluminum powder is preferably pure aluminum powder. Pure aluminum powder is more advantageous in terms of raw material costs than aluminum alloy powder.
- the upper limit of the average particle diameter of the aluminum powder is, for example, 200 ⁇ m or less, preferably 100 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the lower limit of the average particle diameter of the aluminum powder is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m or more, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the average particle size of the aluminum powder is not particularly limited as long as it can be produced. In the present embodiment, an aluminum powder having an average particle size of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less is used.
- the average particle diameter of the aluminum powder is 100 ⁇ m or less, and the average particle diameter of the neutron absorbing particles (one or both of gadolinium oxide particles and boron carbide particles) is 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the portion in which the aluminum composite material 100 is uniformly dispersed and the neutron absorbing particles are thin is reduced, and the characteristics of the aluminum composite material 100 are stabilized.
- the difference between the average particle diameter of the aluminum powder and the average particle diameter of the neutron absorbing particles is large, there is a high possibility that the base material 3 will crack in the rolling process described later. Therefore, it is preferable that the difference between the average particle size of the aluminum powder and the average particle size of the neutron absorbing particles is small.
- the average particle size of the aluminum powder is too large, there is a high possibility that it is difficult to uniformly mix the aluminum powder and the neutron absorbing particles.
- the average particle diameter of the aluminum powder is too small, aggregation tends to occur between the aluminum powders, and there is a high possibility that it is difficult to uniformly mix the aluminum powder and the neutron absorbing particles.
- the average particle diameter of the aluminum powder is a value determined by a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement method.
- the average particle diameter of the aluminum powder may be measured by “Microtrack” manufactured by Nikkiso Co., Ltd.
- the average particle diameter is a volume-based median diameter.
- the shape of the aluminum powder is not particularly limited.
- the shape of the aluminum powder may be any shape such as a teardrop shape, a true spherical shape, a spheroid shape, a flake shape, and an indefinite shape.
- grain can be measured with the same method.
- Aluminum powder can be manufactured in accordance with a known metal powder manufacturing method.
- the manufacturing method of aluminum powder is not limited.
- Examples of the method for producing the aluminum powder include an atomizing method, a melt spinning method, a rotating disk method, a rotating electrode method, and other rapid solidification methods. From the viewpoint of industrial production, the atomizing method is preferable, and the gas atomizing method is more preferable.
- the atomizing medium / atmosphere during atomization may be air, nitrogen, argon, helium, carbon dioxide, water, or a mixture thereof, but the atomizing medium is air, nitrogen gas or argon gas from an economic viewpoint. Is preferred.
- Gadolinium oxide particles Next, the gadolinium oxide particles dispersed in the base material 3 will be described. Gadolinium oxide (Gd 2 O 3 ) has neutron absorption performance, and the gadolinium oxide particles are dispersed in the base material 3 so that the aluminum composite material 100 functions as a neutron absorber.
- the gadolinium oxide particles are preferably contained in the aluminum powder in an amount of 6.0% by mass to 30.0% by mass.
- the amount is less than 6% by mass, there is a high possibility that the base material 3 cannot have sufficient neutron absorption performance.
- it is more than 30% by mass there is a high possibility that the molded body becomes brittle and easily breaks.
- the bondability between the aluminum powder and the gadolinium oxide particles is also deteriorated, voids are easily formed, the desired functions cannot be obtained, and the strength and thermal conductivity are likely to be lowered. Further, the machinability of the aluminum composite material 100 is likely to deteriorate.
- the average particle diameter of the gadolinium oxide particles is arbitrary, and the difference between the average particle diameter of the aluminum powder and the average particle diameter of the gadolinium oxide particles is appropriately selected according to the required specifications.
- the average particle diameter of the gadolinium oxide particles is 1 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter of the gadolinium oxide particles is larger than 30 ⁇ m, there is a high possibility that problems such as the wear of the cutting tool immediately occur during cutting.
- the average particle diameter of the gadolinium oxide particles is smaller than 1 ⁇ m, aggregation is likely to occur between the fine gadolinium particles, which may make it difficult to uniformly mix the aluminum powder and the gadolinium oxide particles. Becomes higher.
- the average particle diameter of the gadolinium oxide particles is a value determined by a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement method.
- the shape of the gadolinium oxide particles is not limited, and may be any of, for example, a teardrop shape, a true spherical shape, a spheroid shape, a flake shape, and an indefinite shape.
- boron carbide particles Next, the boron carbide particles will be described. In the present embodiment, not only gadolinium oxide particles but also boron carbide particles may be dispersed in the base material 3 formed of aluminum powder. Boron carbide (B 4 C) has neutron absorption performance, and the aluminum composite material 100 functions as a neutron absorber by dispersing gadolinium oxide particles and boron carbide particles in the base material 3.
- the boron carbide particles are preferably contained in an amount of 10 to 20% by mass.
- the amount of boron carbide particles is less than 10% by mass, it is highly likely that the base material 3 cannot have sufficient neutron absorption performance.
- the amount of boron carbide particles is more than 20% by mass, there is a high possibility that the molded body becomes brittle and easily breaks.
- the gadolinium oxide particles may be contained in an amount of 2% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less.
- the average particle diameter of the boron carbide particles is arbitrary, and the difference between the average particle diameter of the aluminum powder and the average particle diameter of the boron carbide particles is appropriately selected according to the required specifications.
- the average particle diameter of the boron carbide particles is 1 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less.
- the average particle diameter of the boron carbide particles is larger than 30 ⁇ m, there is a high possibility that problems such as the wear of the cutting tool immediately occur during cutting.
- the average particle diameter of the boron carbide particles is smaller than 1 ⁇ m, the fine boron carbide particles are likely to aggregate with each other, so that it is difficult to uniformly mix the aluminum powder and the boron carbide particles.
- the average particle size of the boron carbide particles is a value determined by a laser diffraction particle size distribution measurement method.
- the powder shape of the boron carbide particles is not limited, and may be any of, for example, a teardrop shape, a true spherical shape, a spheroid shape, a flake shape, and an indefinite shape.
- the base material 3 may or may not contain boron carbide particles. Further, the base material 3 may contain other particles in addition to the gadolinium oxide particles. Ceramic particles may be contained as particles contained in the base material 3. Examples of the ceramic contained in the base material 3 include Al 2 O 3 , SiC, BN, aluminum nitride, and silicon nitride in addition to B 4 C. These ceramics are used in powder form, and these can be used alone or as a mixture, and are selected depending on the use of the composite material.
- the aluminum composite material 100 can be used as a neutron absorber.
- the boron-based ceramic include TiB 2 , B 2 O 3 , FeB, and FeB 2 in addition to the above-described B 4 C. These boron-based ceramics are used in the form of powder, and these can be used alone or as a mixture. In particular, it is preferable to use boron carbide B 4 C containing a large amount of 10 B, which is an isotope of B that absorbs neutrons well.
- the average particle diameter of these ceramic particles is arbitrary, but is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more and 30 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 5 ⁇ m or more and 20 ⁇ m or less.
- At least one having neutron absorption performance such as hafnium (Hf), samarium (Sm), gadolinium (Gd), etc. Seed elements may be added to the aluminum powder.
- titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni ), Molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), zirconium (Zr), strontium (Sr) and the like may be added to the aluminum powder.
- at least one of silicon (Si), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and the like may be added to the aluminum powder.
- the manufacturing method of the aluminum composite material 100 includes a mixing step (step S1) in which aluminum powder and gadolinium oxide particles are mixed to generate a mixed material M, and a mixing step.
- step S4 for filling the case 10 with the mixed material M generated in the process to form the rolled body 18, the preheating step (step S5) for heating the rolled body 18, and the heated rolled roll A rolling step (step S6) in which the body 18 is rolled to produce the aluminum composite material 100.
- Step S1 mixing process
- Aluminum powder and gadolinium oxide particles are prepared and mixed uniformly.
- the aluminum powder may be one kind or a mixture of plural kinds.
- mixing is performed so that the admixture M of aluminum powder and gadolinium oxide particles contains 6% by mass to 30% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles.
- the mixing method of the aluminum powder and the gadolinium oxide particles may be a known method.
- various mixers such as a V blender and a cross rotary mixer, a vibration mill, a planetary mill, etc. may be used for mixing for a predetermined time.
- the mixing time is 10 minutes or longer and 10 hours or shorter, preferably 3 hours or longer and 6 hours or shorter.
- the mixing may be either dry or wet.
- an abrasive medium such as alumina or a SUS ball may be appropriately added for the purpose of crushing during mixing.
- the mixed material M produced by mixing the aluminum powder and the gadolinium oxide particles is sent to the next step as it is.
- Step S2 Case preparation process
- a hollow flat metal case 10 filled with the mixed material M generated in the above-described mixing process is prepared.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the case 10.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of the case 10.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the rolled body 18 including the case 10 and the mixed material M filled in the case 10.
- the case 10 is preferably made of aluminum or stainless steel.
- pure aluminum JIS 1050, JIS 1070, etc.
- an Al—Cu based alloy JIS2017, etc.
- an Al—Mg based alloy JIS 5052, etc.
- an Al—Mg—Si based alloy JIS 6061, etc.
- an Al—Zn—Mg based alloy Various types of alloy materials such as JIS7075 and Al—Mn alloys can also be used.
- the composition of aluminum to be selected may be determined in consideration of required characteristics, cost, and the like.
- the case 10 is preferably formed of pure aluminum. Pure aluminum is advantageous in terms of raw material costs compared to the case of an aluminum alloy.
- the case 10 is preferably formed of an Al—Mg alloy (JIS 5052 or the like).
- 1 to 50 mass% of at least one element having neutron absorption performance such as Hf, Sm, and Gd may be added to the case 10.
- the case 10 includes a lower case (first case) 12 and an upper case (second case) 14, and the lower case 12 and the upper case 14 are prepared in the case preparation process.
- Each of the lower case 12 and the upper case 14 is formed of the same material, and is made of aluminum in the present embodiment.
- the lower case 12 includes a side plate 12A, a side plate 12B facing the side plate 12A, a front plate 12C, a rear plate 12D facing the front plate 12C, and a bottom plate 12E.
- the upper case 14 includes a side plate 14A, a side plate 14B facing the side plate 14A, a front plate 14C, a rear plate 14D facing the front plate 14C, and an upper plate 14E.
- the lower case 12 is formed in a bottomed rectangular parallelepiped shape whose upper surface is open, and has a recess 12H filled with the mixed material M.
- the upper case 14 is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and functions as a closing member that closes the upper surface of the opened lower case 12.
- the upper case 14 has a size slightly larger than the lower case 12 and is fitted so as to cover the outer periphery of the lower case 12 from above the lower case 12.
- the upper case 14 is disposed so as to cover the opening 12K at the upper end of the recess 12H filled with the mixed material M.
- Step S3 Stiffener preparation process
- a reinforcing material (reinforcing frame) 16 for reinforcing the outer periphery of the case 10 is prepared.
- the reinforcing material 16 is disposed to reinforce the outer peripheral surface of the case 10 in the rolling process.
- the case 10 When the case 10 is rolled, the case 10 has a longitudinal direction of the case 10 (in the case where the planar shape of the case 10 is a square, any central axis) along the rolling direction, and the extending surface thereof is in the horizontal direction. It is arranged along.
- the side plate 14A and the side plate 14B of the upper case 14 are arranged along the rolling direction, and the front plate 14C and the rear plate 14D are arranged along the direction orthogonal to the rolling direction.
- the reinforcing member 16 includes a first reinforcing member 16A connected to the side plate 14A, a second reinforcing member 16B connected to the side plate 14B, a third reinforcing member 16C connected to the front plate 14C, and a rear plate. And a fourth reinforcing member 16D connected to 14D.
- the first reinforcing member 16A is attached to the side plate 14A, and the second reinforcing member 16B is attached to the side plate 14B.
- the first reinforcing member 16A has both ends of the first reinforcing member 16A extending forward and backward from the side plate 14A in the rolling direction, and the second reinforcing member 16B has both ends of the second reinforcing member 16B in the rolling direction. Extends beyond the side plate 14B.
- the third reinforcing member 16C is attached to the front plate 14C, and the fourth reinforcing member 16D is attached to the rear plate 14D.
- the third reinforcing member 16C has the same length as the front plate 14C in the direction orthogonal to the rolling direction, and the fourth reinforcing member 16D is the same as the rear plate 14D in the direction orthogonal to the rolling direction. Have a length.
- Step S4 filling step
- the filling step includes an operation of uniformly feeding the mixed material M.
- the filling operation uniform charging operation
- the lower case 12 is tapped.
- Tapping includes a process of hitting the lower case 12. The tapping may be performed in parallel with at least a part of the uniform charging operation, or may be performed after the uniform charging operation. By tapping, the filling density of the mixed material M in the lower case 12 can be increased. Tapping is performed so that the theoretical filling rate of the mixed material M is in the range of 35% to 65%.
- FIG. 6 to 13 are diagrams showing an example of a filling process for forming the rolled body 18.
- the lower case 12 is arranged at a predetermined filling position so that the opening 12K of the recess 12H faces upward.
- the extension sleeve 20 is disposed on the lower case 12 so that the extension sleeve 20 and the lower case 12 overlap each other.
- the extension sleeve 20 includes a sleeve body 20A having a lower surface that can be in close contact with the upper surface 12J of the lower case 12 around the recess 12H, and an outer side from the lower surface of the sleeve body 20A. And a skirt portion 20B fitted to the lower case 12 from the outside in a state where the lower surface of the sleeve body 20A and the upper surface 12J of the lower case 12 are in contact with each other.
- the lower case 12 and the extension sleeve 20 are tapped in a state where the mixed material M is put into the space formed by the lower case 12 and the extension sleeve 20. That is, one or both of the lower case 12 and the extension sleeve 20 are hit. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the filling density of the mixed material M is increased in the space formed by the lower case 12 and the extension sleeve 20, and the upper surface of the mixed material M is lowered.
- the tapping is stopped, and the extension sleeve 20 is lifted upward and removed from the lower case 12.
- the mixed material M is disposed in the recess 12 ⁇ / b> H of the lower case 12, and a part of the mixed material M present in the extension sleeve 20 protrudes above the lower case 12. Placed in.
- the scraper 22 moves along the upper surface 12J of the lower case 12, so that a part of the mixed material M protruding above the lower case 12 is frayed, and as shown in FIG.
- the material M is collected in the collection box 24. Note that the mixed material M collected in the collection box 24 is returned to the blender described above, stirred again, and reused.
- the concave portion 12H of the lower case 12 is fully filled with the mixed material M having a high filling density.
- the upper surface of the mixed material M filled in the recess 12H of the lower case 12 and the upper surface 12J of the lower case 12 around the recess 12H are arranged in the same plane (being flush with each other).
- the upper case 14 and the lower case 12 are fitted, and the opening 12 ⁇ / b> K of the recess 12 ⁇ / b> H filled with the mixed material M is covered with the upper case 14.
- the opening 12K of the lower case 12 is closed, as shown in FIG. 13, the rolled body 18 in which the mixed material M is fully filled is formed inside the case 10.
- the state of the to-be-rolled body 18 shown in FIG. 13 is extremely “a material” (meaning a material to be rolled in the rolling process described later) for producing the aluminum composite material 100 according to the present embodiment.
- a material meaning a material to be rolled in the rolling process described later
- the bottom plate 12E of the lower case 12 defines the lowermost layer (skin layer)
- the mixed material M is the intermediate layer (core layer).
- the upper plate 14E of the upper case 14 defines the uppermost layer (skin layer).
- the reinforcing work includes surrounding the outer periphery of the rolled body 18 excluding the upper and lower surfaces in the rolling posture with the reinforcing material 16.
- the first reinforcing member 16A is temporarily fixed to the side plate 14A of the upper case 14, and the second reinforcing member 16B is temporarily fixed to the side plate 14B of the upper case 14.
- both ends of the first reinforcing member 16A extend from the side plate 14A, and temporarily fixed so that both ends of the second reinforcing member 16B extend from the side plate 14B.
- the third reinforcing member 16C is temporarily fixed to the front plate 14C of the upper case 14, and the fourth reinforcing member 16D is temporarily fixed to the rear plate 14D of the upper case 14.
- One end of the third reinforcing member 16C abuts on the end of the first reinforcing member 16A in the direction orthogonal to the rolling direction, and the other end of the third reinforcing member 16C contacts the end of the second reinforcing member 16B.
- Temporarily fastened to touch One end of the fourth reinforcing member 16D is in contact with the end of the first reinforcing member 16A in the direction orthogonal to the rolling direction, and the other end of the fourth reinforcing member 16D is in contact with the end of the second reinforcing member 16B.
- the rolled body 18 is placed in a vacuum furnace, depressurized at a predetermined degree of vacuum, and degassed.
- the temporarily fixed reinforcing material 16 is fixed to the rolled body 18 by MIG welding.
- MIG welding is performed by welding the upper edge of the reinforcing material 16 and the upper edge of the upper case 14 over the entire circumference, and welding the lower edge of the reinforcing material 16 and the lower edge of the upper case 14 over the entire circumference. carry out.
- the lower edge of the upper case 14 and the lower edge of the lower case 12 are closely adjacent to each other.
- the lower edge of the reinforcing member 16 and the lower edge of the upper case 14 are welded, the lower edge of the lower case 12 is also welded together.
- the case 10 is hermetically sealed as a whole. It will be.
- the case 10 is hermetically sealed, if air exists (residual) in the rolled body 18, this may remain as a defect. For this reason, in order to prevent air from escaping from the inside of the body to be rolled 18 and not remaining in the rolling process, air vent holes (not shown) are formed in the four corners of the upper surface of the upper case 14 or welding is performed. A gap may be formed in the case partially. The formation of the holes and gaps can also be expected to remove the gas that has entered the rolled material 18 during welding.
- Step S5 Preheating process
- the rolled body 18 reinforced with the reinforcing material 16 is preheated (heated) before being rolled.
- Preheating is carried out in a heating furnace by leaving it in an air atmosphere in the range of 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. for 2 hours or longer. In this embodiment, preheating is performed at 500 ° C. for 2 hours or more.
- the preheating atmosphere is not limited to being performed in the air. It is preferable to carry out in an inert gas such as argon. More preferably, it is performed in a vacuum atmosphere of 5 Pa or less.
- the rolling target 18 is heated so that the powder state of the mixed material M is maintained.
- Step S6 Rolling process
- a plastic processing called rolling is performed on the body to be rolled 18.
- the mixed material M to be rolled remains as a powder and is not solidified at all. That is, as before, before being subjected to the rolling process, it is preformed for the purpose of maintaining the shape, and more specifically, it is preliminarily pressed into the desired shape by pressing or conducting current and pressure sintering. It is something that is not considered to be molded.
- the filling rate is increased by the above-described tapping, the state as a powder is maintained rather than a solidified one.
- this to-be-rolled body 18 is a plate-like clad material as a three-layer clad structure in which the mixed material M is filled in the case 10 and sealed, and the mixed material M is sandwiched between the upper and lower aluminum plates. "Material" is specified.
- the pre-rolled body 18 is subjected to a rolling process and formed into a target shape.
- a rolling process When producing a plate-like clad material, it is also possible to obtain a clad plate material having a predetermined clad rate with an Al plate material or an Al container only by cold rolling.
- One processing may be performed by hot plastic processing, or a plurality of processing may be combined. Further, cold plastic working may be performed after hot plastic working. In the case of performing cold plastic working, if the annealing is performed at 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. (preferably 400 ° C. to 500 ° C.) before the processing, the processing becomes easy.
- the to-be-rolled body 18 is clad with an aluminum plate, there is no ceramic particle on its surface that becomes a base point of fracture during plastic working or wears a die or the like. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an aluminum composite material 100 having excellent rolling processability and excellent strength and surface properties. Moreover, since the surface of the obtained hot plastic working material is clad with a metal and the adhesion between the surface metal and the inner mixed material M is good, the aluminum composite material 100 whose surface is not clad with the metal material, Excellent corrosion resistance, impact resistance and thermal conductivity.
- a metal protective plate for example, a thin plate made of SUS or Cu
- hot rolling is performed by repeatedly performing 10 to 14 passes in the range of a rolling reduction of 10% to 70%.
- the rolling temperature in this hot rolling is set to 500 ° C.
- warm rolling may be performed in the range of 200 ° C to 300 ° C.
- the second warm rolling may be performed at a temperature of 200 ° C. or lower.
- a heat treatment process for a predetermined time that is, an annealing process is performed in the range of 300 ° C. to 600 ° C.
- a cooling process is performed, a correction process for correcting to a desired flatness is performed, and both side edges, leading edge, and trailing edge are cut off to obtain a predetermined product shape (aluminum composite material). 100 plate clad material).
- annealing may be performed at 450 ° C. for a predetermined time.
- the mixed material M is the base material 3, at least a part of the upper case 14 is the metal plate 1, and at least a part of the lower case 12 is the metal plate 2.
- the base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder and gadolinium oxide particles.
- the base material 3 is produced from aluminum powder, gadolinium oxide particles, and boron carbide particles
- the aluminum powder, gadolinium particles, and boron carbide particles are mixed in the mixing step.
- the mixture M of aluminum powder, gadolinium oxide particles, and boron carbide particles contains 2% by mass to 10% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles, and 10% by mass to 20% by mass of boron carbide particles. Mixing is performed so that it is contained below.
- Example 1 Next, Example 1 according to the present invention will be described. As shown in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3, samples of aluminum composite material 100 (sample 1 to sample 13) having 13 types of base materials 3 having different compositions are prepared, and the performance of each of these samples is measured. evaluated. The composition of each material can be analyzed by ICP emission spectroscopy.
- Table 1 shows the composition of the base material 3 of each sample and the equivalent B 4 C concentration of those samples.
- Each sample has a base material 3 having the composition shown in Table 1, and an aluminum metal plate 1 and a metal plate 2 arranged so as to sandwich the base material 3.
- Samples 1 to 4, Sample 6, Sample 7, and Samples 9 to 11 correspond to examples according to the present invention.
- Samples 1 to 4 are samples in which the base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder (Al) and gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ).
- Sample 6, Sample 7, Sample 9 to Sample 11 are samples in which the base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder (Al), gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ), and boron carbide particles (B 4 C).
- Sample 5, Sample 8, Sample 12, and Sample 13 are samples according to a comparative example, and the base material 3 is a sample that does not contain gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ).
- samples 1 to 4 are samples in which the base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder (Al) and gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ) and does not contain boron carbide particles (B 4 C). It is. Sample 1 contains 6% by weight of gadolinium oxide particles, Sample 2 contains 12% by weight of gadolinium oxide particles, Sample 3 contains 15% by weight of gadolinium oxide particles, and Sample 4 contains gadolinium oxide particles. Contains 30% by mass.
- Samples 5 to 7 are samples in which the base material 3 contains 10% by mass of boron carbide particles (B 4 C).
- Sample 5 is a sample in which base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder (Al) and boron carbide particles (B 4 C) and does not contain gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ).
- Samples 6 and 7 are samples in which the base material 3 was generated from aluminum powder (Al), gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ), and boron carbide particles (B 4 C). Sample 6 contains 4% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles, and sample 7 contains 10% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles.
- Samples 8 to 11 are samples in which the base material 3 contains 20% by mass of boron carbide particles (B 4 C).
- Sample 8 is a sample in which base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder (Al) and boron carbide particles (B 4 C) and does not contain gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ).
- Samples 9 to 11 are samples in which the base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder (Al), gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ), and boron carbide particles (B 4 C). Sample 9 contains 2% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles, sample 10 contains 8% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles, and sample 11 contains 20% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles.
- Samples 12 and 13 are samples in which the base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder (Al) and boron carbide particles (B 4 C) and does not contain gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ). Sample 12 and Sample 13 contain a large amount of boron carbide particles (B 4 C), Sample 12 contains 30% by mass of boron carbide particles, and Sample 13 contains 60% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- the equivalent B 4 C concentration indicates the thermal neutron absorption performance of each sample when the entire base material 3 is formed of boron carbide particles and the thermal neutron absorption performance of the base material 3 is 100. It is a relative numerical value.
- the tensile test was based on JIS-Z2241, and the tensile strength (MPa), 0.2% proof stress (MPa), and elongation (%) were measured.
- the bending test is based on JIS-Z2248. Samples with a thickness Da of 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, and 8 mm of the aluminum composite material 100 were prepared, and curvature radii of 6 mm (R6), 9 mm (R9), and 12 mm ( A bending test of 90 degrees was performed at R12), 15 mm (R15), and 20 mm (R20).
- Table 1 shows the results (tensile properties) of the tensile test of each sample.
- Tables 2 and 3 show the bending test results of the samples.
- Sample 1 Sample 2, Sample 3, Sample 4, Sample 6 are shown in FIGS. 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, and 23, respectively.
- Sample 7, Sample 9, Sample 10, Sample 11, and Sample 12 are photomicrographs taken at a magnification of 500 times using an optical microscope.
- neutron absorbing particles are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum powder.
- gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ) have a neutron absorption performance (thermal neutron absorption performance) that is about five times higher than that of boron carbide particles (B 4 C). That is, the equivalent B 4 C concentration of Sample 4 containing no boron carbide particles and containing 30% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles is 150% by mass (expected).
- the aluminum composite material 100 having the base material 3 containing gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ) has sufficient elongation.
- the elongation of the aluminum composite material 100 having the base material 3 containing gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ) is a high value and has sufficient elongation. .
- the elongation of the sample 4 which does not contain boron carbide particles and contains 30% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles is 8.0%, does not contain gadolinium oxide particles, and contains 30% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- the elongation of 12 is 3.8%, and the base material 3 containing gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ) extends more sufficiently than the base material 3 containing boron carbide particles (B 4 C). I understand.
- the base material 3 when the base material 3 is produced from aluminum powder and gadolinium oxide particles, it has sufficient neutron absorption performance (equivalent B 4 C concentration) and is sufficient
- the base material 3 preferably contains 6% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less of gadolinium oxide particles. It can be seen that when gadolinium oxide particles are contained within the numerical range, sufficient values can be obtained not only for the tensile properties but also for the tensile strength and 0.2% proof stress.
- the tensile strength in the market where neutron absorbers are distributed is required to be 35 MPa or more as a general required specification value. As can be seen from Table 1, it can be seen that Samples 1 to 4 have sufficient tensile strength as compared with the required specification values.
- the 0.2% proof stress in the market where neutron absorbers are distributed is required to be 15 MPa or more as a general required specification value.
- Table 1 it can be seen that Samples 1 to 4 have sufficient 0.2% proof stress as compared with the required specification values.
- the base material 3 when the base material 3 is formed from aluminum powder, gadolinium oxide particles, and boron carbide particles, sufficient neutron absorption performance (equivalent B 4 C concentration) ) And sufficient tensile properties, the base material 3 contains 2% by mass to 10% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and 10% by mass of boron carbide particles. It has been found that the content is preferably 20% by mass or less. It can be seen that when gadolinium oxide particles are contained within the numerical range, sufficient values can be obtained not only for the tensile properties but also for the tensile strength and 0.2% proof stress.
- the base material 3 includes gadolinium oxide particles in consideration of the required tensile properties and the above-described required specification values (target tensile strength, target 0.2% yield strength, and target elongation). Is contained in an amount of 2% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, and boron carbide particles are preferably contained in an amount of 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.
- the aluminum composite material 100 (neutron absorber) according to the present embodiment exhibits a value considerably higher than the specification value required by the market in terms of its mechanical strength, and is sufficiently It has been found that it has a high mechanical strength and therefore has high industrial applicability.
- Example 2 shows an example in which the evaluation test was performed with the number of samples increased from that in Example 1.
- Table 4 Table 5, and Table 6, samples of aluminum composite material 100 (sample 1 to sample 18) having 18 types of base materials 3 having different compositions are prepared, and the performance of each of these samples is measured. evaluated.
- Table 4 shows the composition of the base material 3 of each sample and the equivalent B 4 C concentration of those samples.
- Each sample has a base material 3 having the composition shown in Table 4, and an aluminum metal plate 1 and a metal plate 2 arranged so as to sandwich the base material 3.
- Samples 1 to 13 shown in Tables 4, 5 and 6 are the same as Samples 1 to 13 in Example 1.
- Example 2 Sample 14 to Sample 18 were newly added and an evaluation test was performed.
- Sample 1 to sample 4 sample 14, sample 6, sample 7, sample 9 to sample 11, and sample 15 correspond to examples according to the present invention.
- Samples 1 to 4 and sample 14 are samples in which the base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder (Al) and gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ) and does not contain boron carbide particles (B 4 C).
- Sample 1 contains 6% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles.
- Sample 2 contains 12% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles.
- Sample 3 contains 15% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles.
- Sample 4 contains 30% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles.
- Sample 14 contains 8% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles.
- the base material 3 is generated from aluminum powder (Al), gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ), and boron carbide particles (B 4 C). This is a sample.
- Sample 6 contains 4% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and 10% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 7 contains 10% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and 10% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 9 contains 2% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and 20% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 10 contains 8% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and 20% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 11 contains 20% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and 20% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 15 contains 5% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and 20% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 16 Sample 5, Sample 8, Sample 12, Sample 17, Sample 18, and Sample 13 are samples according to a comparative example, and the base material 3 is a sample that does not contain gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ). .
- the sample 16 is a sample in which the base material 3 does not contain both gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ) and boron carbide particles (B 4 C).
- the base material 3 is produced from aluminum powder (Al) and boron carbide particles (B 4 C), and gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O). 3 ) The sample does not contain.
- Sample 5 contains 10% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 8 contains 20% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 12 contains 30% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 17 contains 40% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 18 contains 50% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- Sample 13 contains 60% by mass of boron carbide particles.
- the equivalent B 4 C concentration indicates the thermal neutron absorption performance of each sample when the entire base material 3 is formed of boron carbide particles and the thermal neutron absorption performance of the base material 3 is 100. It is a relative numerical value.
- Example 1 As an evaluation test, (1) tensile test and (2) bending test were performed. Similar to Example 1, the tensile test was based on JIS-Z2241, and the tensile strength (MPa), 0.2% yield strength (MPa), and elongation (%) were measured. Similar to Example 1, the bending test is based on JIS-Z2248. Samples with a thickness Da of 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, and 8 mm of the aluminum composite material 100 were prepared, and the curvature radii were 6 mm (R6) and 9 mm. A bending test of 90 degrees was performed at (R9), 12 mm (R12), 15 mm (R15), and 20 mm (R20).
- Table 4 shows the tensile test results (tensile properties) and bending test results (formability) of each sample.
- Tables 5 and 6 show the bending test results of each sample.
- the aluminum composite material 100 having the base material 3 containing gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3 ) has a sufficient elongation. It can be seen that
- the elongation of the sample 14 containing 8% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and no boron carbide particles is 17.4%.
- the elongation of sample 10 containing 8% by mass of gadolinium oxide particles and 20% by mass of boron carbide particles is 6.7%.
- the base material 3 containing gadolinium oxide particles (Gd 2 O 3) towards the base material 3 content is small boron carbide particles (B 4 C) is the mother content large boron carbide particles (B 4 C) It can be seen that the material 3 has a sufficient elongation.
- the base material 3 when the base material 3 is formed from aluminum powder and gadolinium oxide particles, it has sufficient neutron absorption performance (equivalent B 4 C concentration). And in order to implement
- the base material 3 is formed from aluminum powder, gadolinium oxide particles, and boron carbide particles.
- the base material 3 contains 2% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of gadolinium oxide particles.
- the boron carbide particles are contained in an amount of 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less.
- the elongation percentage of the aluminum composite material 100 is 2.1% of the sample 11, and the elongation percentage of the other samples (sample 6, sample 7, sample 9, sample 10, and sample 15) is 2.1% or more.
- 11.2% of sample 6 is the maximum value.
- the base material 3 contains 2% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of gadolinium oxide particles, 10% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less of boron carbide particles, and the elongation is about 2% or more (2. It can be confirmed that the aluminum composite material 100 of 1% or more and 11.2% or less can be manufactured.
- the radius of curvature R when a crack does not occur in the case of OK
- the ratio R / Da was determined as an evaluation value. That is, the formability of the aluminum composite material 100 was expressed by the ratio R / Da, where R is the radius of curvature at which cracking does not occur when the 90-degree bending test is performed, and Da is the thickness.
- the ratios R / Da when the aluminum composite material 100 having a thickness Da of 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, and 8 mm was subjected to a 90-degree bending test so that the curvature radius R was 9 mm were “9” and “4.5”, respectively. ”,“ 2.25 ”,“ 1.125 ”.
- the ratio R / Da is “6”, “3”, “9”, “4.5”, “12”, “6”, “3”, “15”, “7.5”, “3.75”, “20”, “10”, “5”, “2.5” "
- the minimum value of the plurality of ratios R / Da obtained is used as the evaluation value of the formability of the aluminum composite material 100.
- the ratio R / Da shows the minimum value “2.5” (see the shaded portion in Table 6).
- the ratio R / Da is “6”, “9”, “12”, “6”, “15”, “7.5”, “20”, “10”.
- the minimum value of the plurality of ratios R / Da obtained is used as the evaluation value of the formability of the aluminum composite material 100.
- the ratio R / Da shows the minimum value “6” (see the shaded portion in Table 5).
- sample 1 and sample 4 have been described as examples.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da is obtained for all samples (sample 1 to sample 18) (see the shaded portions in Tables 5 and 6).
- Table 4 shows the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of Sample 1 to Sample 18.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of sample 1 is “2.5”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of sample 2 is “2.25” (in Table 4, 2.25 is shown as an approximate number 2.3).
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of sample 3 is “3.75” (in Table 4, 3.75 is shown as an approximate number 3.8).
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of sample 4 is “6”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of the sample 14 is “2.5”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of sample 6 is “4.5”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of sample 7 is “6”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of sample 9 is “6”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of the sample 10 is “7.5”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of the sample 11 is at least “20”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of the sample 15 is “7.5”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of the sample 16 is “1.875” (in Table 4, 1.875 is shown as an approximate number 1.9).
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of sample 5 is “4.5”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of sample 8 is “7.5”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of the sample 12 is “15”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of the sample 17 is at least “20”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of the sample 18 is at least “20”.
- the minimum value of the ratio R / Da of the sample 13 is at least “20”.
- the gadolinium oxide particles are dispersed in the base material 3 of the aluminum powder, the aluminum composite material 100 having neutron absorption performance and good tensile properties is provided.
- the aluminum composite material 100 having neutron absorption performance and good tensile properties is provided.
- an aluminum composite material having a good balance in performance such as neutron absorption performance, workability, and manufacturing cost is provided.
- the gadolinium oxide particles are cheaper than, for example, gadolinium, and are advantageous from the viewpoint of raw material costs. Further, according to the knowledge of the present inventors, when gadolinium oxide particles are added to aluminum powder in the existing casting process, the gadolinium oxide particles are not uniformly dispersed, and the quality of the manufactured article may be lowered. It has been found. In the present embodiment, aluminum powder and gadolinium oxide particles are mixed and gadolinium oxide particles are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum powder, and then the material to be rolled 18 is sandwiched between cases (metal plate).
- the aluminum composite material 100 having the base material 3 in which the gadolinium oxide particles are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum powder can be produced by producing and rolling without passing through a sintering step or the like.
- the base material 3 in which gadolinium oxide particles having excellent neutron absorption performance at low cost are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum powder can be manufactured and manufactured. This contributes to improving the quality of the aluminum composite material 100.
- the aluminum composite material 100 excellent in workability can be provided by the gadolinium oxide particles.
- the to-be-rolled body 18 is formed by filling the case 10 with the mixed material M and sealing the case 10 in a state where the filling density of the mixed material M is increased by tapping. Moreover, the to-be-rolled body 18 has a structure in which the mixed material M as a powder is sandwiched between the upper case 14 and the lower case 12. As a result, the aluminum composite material 100 as the clad material can be manufactured in a state where the high packing density of the mixed material M is maintained by preheating and rolling the workpiece 18.
- the upper surface of the base material 3 (mixed material M) of the clad structure and the metal plate 1 (upper case 14) are in close contact, and the lower surface of the base material 3 (mixed material M) and the metal plate 2 ( Since the lower case 12) is in close contact with each other, the layers adjacent to each other are firmly bonded.
- the mechanical strength of the aluminum composite material 100 increases dramatically.
- the surface of the aluminum composite material 100 is formed of the metal plate 1 and the metal plate 2 and there is no particle, for example, the surface is less likely to be destroyed than an existing sintered body. A rolled material can be obtained.
- the upper surface (upper case 14) and the lower surface (lower case 12) of the hollow case 10 function as the upper and lower metal plates 1 and 2 when forming the clad material.
- the structure as the clad material is completed in a state where the material M is filled in the case 10, and the manufacturing process is simplified.
- the mixed material M in the hollow case 10 is used in the rolling process in the form of powder, the bulk density maintained in a state where the mixed material M is filled in the case 10 is the maximum. It can be done up to about 65%.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施形態に係るアルミニウム複合材100の一例を模式的に示す断面図である。なお、本実施形態において、アルミニウムとは、純アルミニウム及びアルミニウム合金の一方又は両方を含む概念である。
(アルミニウム粉末)
母材3のアルミニウム粉末について説明する。母材3を形成するアルミニウム粉末は、例えば、JIS規格によるA1100(AA規格によるAA1100)で規定されるアルミニウム合金から形成されてもよい。本実施形態において、アルミニウム粉末は、シリコン(Si)と鉄(Fe)の合計が0.95重量%以下、銅(Cu)が0.05質量%~0.20質量%、マンガン(Mn)が0.05質量%以下、亜鉛(Zn)が0.10質量%以下、その残余がアルミニウム及び不可避不純物である組成を有する材料から形成される。
次に、母材3に分散される酸化ガドリニウム粒子について説明する。酸化ガドリニウム(Gd2O3)は、中性子吸収性能を有し、母材3に酸化ガドリニウム粒子が分散されることによって、アルミニウム複合材100は中性子吸収材として機能する。
次に、炭化ホウ素粒子について説明する。本実施形態において、アルミニウム粉末で形成された母材3に、酸化ガドリニウム粒子のみならず、炭化ホウ素粒子が分散されてもよい。炭化ホウ素(B4C)は、中性子吸収性能を有し、母材3に酸化ガドリニウム粒子及び炭化ホウ素粒子が分散されることによって、アルミニウム複合材100は中性子吸収材として機能する。
次に、本実施形態に係るアルミニウム複合材100の製造方法の一例について説明する。なお、以下の説明では、母材3がアルミニウム粉末と酸化ガドリニウム粒子とから生成される例について説明する。
アルミニウム粉末と酸化ガドリニウム粒子とが用意され、均一に混合される。アルミニウム粉末は一種のみでもよいし複数種を混合したものでもよい。混合工程においては、アルミニウム粉末と酸化ガドリニウム粒子との混合材Mに、酸化ガドリニウム粒子が6質量%以上30質量%以下含有されるように混合が行われる。アルミニウム粉末と酸化ガドリニウム粒子との混合方法は、公知の方法でよく、例えばVブレンダー、クロスロータリーミキサー等の各種ミキサー、振動ミル、遊星ミル等を使用し、所定の時間混合すればよい。本実施形態において、混合時間は、10分以上10時間以下であり、好ましくは、3時間以上6時間以下である。また、混合は、乾式又は湿式の何れであってもよい。また、混合の際に解砕の目的で、アルミナ又はSUSボール等の研磨メディアが適宜加えられてもよい。
ケース準備工程においては、上述した混合工程で生成された混合材Mを充填する中空扁平状の金属製のケース10が準備される。図3は、ケース10の一例を示す分解斜視図である。図4は、ケース10の構造の一例を示す図である。図5は、ケース10とそのケース10に充填された混合材Mとを含む被圧延体18の一例を示す断面図である。
ケース10の外周を補強するための補強材(補強枠)16が準備される。補強材16は、圧延工程においてケース10の外周面を補強するために配置される。ケース10の圧延時において、ケース10は、ケース10の長手方向(ケース10の平面形状が正方形である場合には、何れかの中心軸線)が圧延方向に沿うとともに、これの延出面が水平方向に沿うように配置される。
次に、上述した混合工程で生成された混合材Mが下ケース12の凹部12Hに充填される。充填工程は、混合材Mを均一投入する作業を含む。下ケース12に対する混合材Mの充填作業(均一投入作業)において、下ケース12がタッピングされる。タッピングは、下ケース12を叩く処理を含む。タッピングは、均一投入作業の少なくとも一部と並行して行われてもよいし、均一投入作業後に行われてもよい。タッピングにより、下ケース12における混合材Mの充填密度を高めることができる。混合材Mの理論充填率35%から65%の範囲となるようにタッピングが行われる。
補強材16で補強された被圧延体18は、圧延される前に、予熱(加熱)される。予熱は、加熱炉において、300℃~600℃の範囲の大気中の雰囲気で2時間以上放置することにより実施する。本実施形態においては、500℃で2時間以上予熱する。ここで、予熱雰囲気としては、大気中で行うことに限定されない。アルゴン等の不活性ガス中で行うことが好ましい。より好ましくは、5Pa以下の真空雰囲気中で行われる。予熱工程では、混合材Mの粉状態が維持されるように、被圧延体18が加熱される。
圧延工程は、被圧延体18に圧延という塑性加工を実施するものであるが、この被圧延体18において本実施形態において特有の効果をもたらす状況を、先ず、説明する。
次に、本発明に係る実施例1について説明する。表1、表2、及び表3に示すように、組成が異なる13種類の母材3を有するアルミニウム複合材100のサンプル(サンプル1~サンプル13)を用意し、それらサンプルのそれぞれについての性能を評価した。なお、各材料の組成は、ICP発光分光分析法により分析可能である。
次に、本発明に係る実施例2について説明する。実施例2は、実施例1よりもサンプル数を増やして評価試験を実施した例を示す。表4、表5、及び表6に示すように、組成が異なる18種類の母材3を有するアルミニウム複合材100のサンプル(サンプル1~サンプル18)を用意し、それらサンプルのそれぞれについての性能を評価した。
2 金属板
3 母材
10 ケース
12 下ケース
14 上ケース
18 被圧延体
100 アルミニウム複合材
Claims (15)
- 第1金属板と、
第2金属板と、
前記第1金属板と前記第2金属板との間に配置され、アルミニウム粉末で形成された母材と、を備え、
前記母材に酸化ガドリニウム粒子が分散されているアルミニウム複合材。 - 前記母材に前記酸化ガドリニウム粒子が6質量%以上30質量%以下含有される請求項1に記載のアルミニウム複合材。
- 前記母材に前記酸化ガドリニウム粒子が6質量%以上30質量%以下含有され、
伸び率が8%以上であり、
90度曲げ試験したときの割れが生じない曲率半径をR、厚さをDaとしたとき、比R/Daの最小値で表される成形性が2.3以上6.0以下である請求項1に記載のアルミニウム複合材。 - さらに、前記母材に炭化ホウ素粒子が分散されている請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム複合材。
- さらに、前記母材に炭化ホウ素粒子が分散され、
前記母材に、前記酸化ガドリニウム粒子が2質量%以上10質量%以下含有され、前記炭化ホウ素粒子が10質量%以上20質量%以下含有される請求項1に記載のアルミニウム複合材。 - さらに、前記母材に炭化ホウ素粒子が分散され、
前記母材に、前記酸化ガドリニウム粒子が2質量%以上20質量%以下含有され、前記炭化ホウ素粒子が10質量%以上20質量%以下含有され、
伸び率が2%以上である請求項1に記載のアルミニウム複合材。 - さらに、前記母材に炭化ホウ素粒子が分散され、
前記母材に、前記酸化ガドリニウム粒子が2質量%以上10質量%以下含有され、前記炭化ホウ素粒子が10質量%以上20質量%以下含有され、
伸び率が6%以上であり、
90度曲げ試験したときの割れが生じない曲率半径をR、厚さをDaとしたとき、比R/Daの最小値で表される成形性が4.5以上7.5以下である請求項1に記載のアルミニウム複合材。 - 前記第1金属板及び前記第2金属板の少なくとも一方は、アルミニウム又はステンレス鋼製である請求項1から請求項7のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム複合材。
- アルミニウム粉末と酸化ガドリニウム粒子とを混合する工程と、
前記混合により生成された混合材をケースに充填して被圧延体を形成する工程と、
前記被圧延体を加熱する工程と、
加熱された前記被圧延体を圧延してアルミニウム複合材を製造する工程と、
を含むアルミニウム複合材の製造方法。 - 前記混合材に前記酸化ガドリニウム粒子が6質量%以上30質量%以下含有されるように前記混合が行われる請求項9に記載のアルミニウム複合材の製造方法。
- 前記混合する工程は、さらに炭化ホウ素粒子を混合することを含む請求項9又は請求項10に記載のアルミニウム複合材の製造方法。
- 前記混合する工程は、さらに炭化ホウ素粒子を混合することを含み、
前記混合材に、前記酸化ガドリニウム粒子が2質量%以上20質量%以下含有され、前記炭化ホウ素粒子が10質量%以上20質量%以下含有されるように、前記混合が行われる請求項9に記載のアルミニウム複合材の製造方法。 - 前記ケースは、第1ケースと第2ケースとを含み、
前記被圧延体を形成する工程は、前記混合材を前記第1ケースの凹部に充填することと、前記混合材が充填された前記凹部の開口を前記第2ケースで覆うことと、を含む請求項9から請求項12のいずれか一項に記載のアルミニウム複合材の製造方法。 - 前記第1ケースに対する前記混合材の充填において、前記第1ケースをタッピングすることを含む請求項13に記載のアルミニウム複合材の製造方法。
- 前記第1ケースの凹部に充填される前記混合材の上面と前記凹部の周囲の前記第1ケースの上面とが同一平面内に配置されるように、前記第1ケースに前記混合材が充填される請求項13又は請求項14に記載のアルミニウム複合材の製造方法。
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JP2021523011A (ja) * | 2018-05-08 | 2021-09-02 | マテリオン コーポレイション | 金属マトリックス複合材ストリップ製品を作製する方法 |
JP2021523012A (ja) * | 2018-05-08 | 2021-09-02 | マテリオン コーポレイション | ストリップ製品を加熱するための方法 |
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JP2021523011A (ja) * | 2018-05-08 | 2021-09-02 | マテリオン コーポレイション | 金属マトリックス複合材ストリップ製品を作製する方法 |
JP2021523012A (ja) * | 2018-05-08 | 2021-09-02 | マテリオン コーポレイション | ストリップ製品を加熱するための方法 |
CN109967732A (zh) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-07-05 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | 一种耐高温中子辐射屏蔽材料及其制备方法 |
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