WO2015022846A1 - 陽極及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
陽極及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015022846A1 WO2015022846A1 PCT/JP2014/069433 JP2014069433W WO2015022846A1 WO 2015022846 A1 WO2015022846 A1 WO 2015022846A1 JP 2014069433 W JP2014069433 W JP 2014069433W WO 2015022846 A1 WO2015022846 A1 WO 2015022846A1
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- electrode plate
- holding member
- melting point
- anode
- hole
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
- B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
- B22D21/005—Castings of light metals with high melting point, e.g. Be 1280 degrees C, Ti 1725 degrees C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D25/00—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product
- B22D25/02—Special casting characterised by the nature of the product by its peculiarity of shape; of works of art
- B22D25/04—Casting metal electric battery plates or the like
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/63—Holders for electrodes; Positioning of the electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
- C25D17/12—Shape or form
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an anode used for electrolysis and a method for producing the same, and more particularly to an anode used for electrolyzing a low melting point metal or a low melting point alloy and a method for producing the same.
- Electrolysis is an abbreviation for electrolysis.
- a direct current is passed through both to cause a chemical change on the electrode surface, which decomposes the substance. It is to purify.
- metal refining or metal plating is an example of an electrolysis method in which a metal is decomposed at the anode surface on the cathode surface by applying voltage with the anode as an anode, and a coating is formed in a high purity state. .
- the anode used in electrolysis is an anode 100 as shown in FIG. 10 in many cases as shown in Patent Document 2.
- the anode 100 is molded into a single plate having a protrusion 101 on the top, and is electrically connected to the power supply unit 102 by hooking or hanging the protrusion 101 on the power supply unit 102.
- this exothermic phenomenon does not increase so much that the anode formed of a general metal such as copper is softened or melted.
- a metal or alloy having a low melting point such as tin or indium
- the heat generation softens and deforms, or the protrusion 101 and the power supply portion 102 that are at the highest temperature.
- the protrusion 101 melts at the contact point, and the anode 100 itself cannot be supported, causing a problem of dropping into the electrolytic cell.
- the normal integral-type anode 100 as shown in FIG. 10 has a very small contact area between the protrusion 101 and the power feeding portion 102, and therefore generates heat when a large voltage or current is passed. Cannot be kept low. For this reason, it becomes difficult to prevent the anode 100 from falling off. Therefore, in the anode 100, the electrolysis process must be completed in a short time until dropping off, the workability is deteriorated, and there is only a method of performing electrolysis while keeping the voltage and current low, and the metal deposition efficiency is poor. Become.
- Patent Document 3 As shown in FIG. 11, holes 104 are formed in two upper portions of the electrode plate 103 for the anode, and are suspended from the power supply metal rod 106 through the conductive connection jig 105. And a method of electrically connecting the power feeding unit 107 is disclosed. Further, in Patent Document 4, as shown in FIG. 12, a ribbon-like metal suspension 109 is attached to an electrode plate 108 at two places and suspended from a power supply metal rod 110, and the metal rod 110 and the power supply portion 111 are connected. A method of electrical connection is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 is a method that is often used as an electrode on the cathode side, but such a structure is also used for the anode.
- a metal suspension 109 and an electrode plate 108 are joined at two locations by rivets as shown in FIG.
- This metal suspension 109 is made of thin metal with good workability in order to make a firm contact with the metal rod 110 and is easily deformed. It ’s hard to say. Also, for the purpose of using the suspension 109, it is common not to use a metal wider than necessary if the electrode plate 108 can be sufficiently held.
- the electrode of a low-melting-point metal or low-melting-point alloy such as tin or indium is somewhat relaxed with respect to the temperature rise than the point contact as in the method described in Patent Document 3.
- the effect is not sufficient for the plate, softening occurs when a large voltage or current is applied, and the weight of the metal suspension 109 and the electrode plate 108 in the vicinity of the joined portion where there is no holding portion on the upper side is added. , It starts to deform due to its own weight and falls off.
- an electrode plate made of a low-melting-point metal or a low-melting-point alloy, and a holding member that holds the electrode plate and is electrically connected to the power feeding unit. It is an object of the present invention to provide an anode and a method for manufacturing the same, which can suppress the temperature rise at the connecting portion between the electrodes and allow long-term electrolysis without melting and dropping off the electrode plate. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide an anode capable of long-term electrolysis without dropping off the electrode plate even when a large voltage or current is applied to the electrode plate, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- the anode according to the present invention that achieves the above-described object is provided with a length of one side in the vicinity of one side of at least one main surface of an electrode plate made of a low melting point metal or low melting point alloy having a melting point of 100 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower.
- a holding member made of a metal or alloy having the above length and having a melting point higher than the melting point of the electrode plate is attached by surface contact.
- the manufacturing method of the anode according to the present invention is a low melting point metal or low melting point obtained by cooling and solidifying a low melting point metal or low melting point alloy having a melting point of 100 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower in a mold.
- the alloy is removed from the mold to obtain an electrode plate, and has a length equal to or greater than the length of one side of at least one main surface of the obtained electrode plate, and a melting point higher than the melting point of the electrode plate.
- An anode is manufactured by attaching a holding member made of a metal or an alloy so as to be in surface contact.
- a holding member having a length equal to or longer than the length of one side of at least one main surface of the electrode plate is attached to the electrode plate while being in surface contact with each other.
- the electrode plate can be easily melted by using a low melting point metal or low melting point alloy having a low melting point of 100 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less, and cooled and solidified to obtain an electrode plate by casting.
- a low melting point metal or low melting point alloy having a low melting point of 100 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less
- a temperature rise due to electrical resistance at the connecting portion between the electrode plate and the holding member is suppressed, and melting of the electrode plate is prevented.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an anode to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the anode.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an anode having an electrode plate in which grooves are formed.
- 4A and 4B are diagrams showing the relationship between the mold and the fixing plate, FIG. 4A is a plan view, and FIG. 4B is a side view.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the mold, the fixing plate, and the bar.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a mold for manufacturing an electrode plate having a groove.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an electrolysis apparatus.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of electrodes in the electrolytic cell.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an anode to which the present invention is applied.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the anode.
- FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of an anode having an electrode plate
- FIG. 9 is a plan view of the anode used in the comparative example.
- FIG. 10 is a plan view of a conventional anode.
- FIG. 11 is a plan view of a conventional anode.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view of a conventional anode.
- the anode 1 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 to which the present invention is applied is an anode used for electrolysis, and is of a type that is hooked or hung on a power feeding part of an electrolysis apparatus.
- a holding member 3 that holds the electrode plate 2 during electrolysis is attached to a holding member attachment surface 2 a that is located near one side of both main surfaces of the electrode plate 2.
- the electrode plate 2 is made of a low melting point metal or a low melting point alloy having a melting point of 100 ° C. or higher and 250 ° C. or lower, and is formed in a square or rectangular plate shape, for example.
- the low melting point metal or low melting point alloy include tin, indium, an alloy of indium and tin (for example, In-9.6 wt% Sn), an alloy of indium and gallium (for example, In-6.3 wt% Ga), and the like. Can do.
- the thickness of the electrode plate 2 is appropriately determined from preventing it from falling off the holding member 3 due to the weight of the electrode plate 2 itself, the thickness of the anode 1 becoming thinner as the electrolysis proceeds, and the like.
- the thickness of the electrode plate 2 is preferably 2 mm or more and 15 mm or less. A thickness of 2 mm or less is not preferable because it is thin and may be broken during handling, and the anode 1 for electrolysis is easily pitted.
- the thickness is 15 mm or more, the electrode plate 2 becomes heavy and easily falls off, making it difficult to handle, and when the anode 1 becomes thin as the electrolysis progresses, the distance between the electrodes increases and the voltage rises significantly. This is not preferable.
- the low melting point metal or low melting point alloy forming the electrode plate 2 is characterized by being softer as the purity is higher and the temperature is higher. For this reason, the electrode plate 2 obtained by molding the low melting point metal or the low melting point alloy into a plate shape has the holding member 3 having a large contact area attached to the holding member attaching surface 2a located above when the electrode plate 2 is attached to the electrolysis apparatus. The state suspended by the holding member 3 in the electrolytic solution is maintained.
- the holding member 3 is attached to the holding member mounting surface 2a of the electrode plate 2, holds the electrode plate 2 in an electrolytic solution during electrolysis, and electrically connects the electrode plate 2 and a power feeding unit provided in the electrolysis apparatus. Connect to.
- the holding member 3 is made of a metal or alloy having a melting point higher than that of the electrode plate 2 and high electrical conductivity. By using a metal or alloy having a melting point higher than the melting point of the electrode plate 2, the holding member 3 is melted before the electrode plate 2 even if the resistance increases at the contact portion with the electrode plate 2 and the temperature rises. Thus, the electrode plate 2 can be prevented from falling off.
- the metal or alloy forming the holding member 3 include silver, copper, gold, and alloys thereof. Among them, it is preferable to use copper that is inexpensive in terms of cost.
- the holding member 3 is preferably made of a metal or alloy having a high melting point and high electrical conductivity and coated with a metal having a low ionization tendency that does not cause corrosion by the electrolyte.
- the metal for coating include noble metals such as platinum and titanium in order to prevent the core material from forming a non-conductive film due to corrosion or the like. Among them, it is preferable to use titanium which is inexpensive in terms of cost. When the requirement for corrosion resistance by the electrolytic solution is not high, it is more preferable to select a metal having high electrical conductivity and wear resistance.
- the core material can be coated by a general method such as welding, plating, or cladding. There is no problem in partially covering only the portions where there is a risk of corrosion. If there is no concern about corrosion due to the electrolytic solution, only the uncovered core material may be used as the holding member 3.
- the holding member 3 As the shape of the holding member 3, it is attached so as to be in surface contact with one side of at least one main surface of the electrode plate 2, that is, the holding member attaching surface 2 a, and holds the electrode plate 2. As long as they can be electrically connected, the shape is not particularly limited.
- Examples of the holding member 3 include those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the holding member 3 shown in FIG. 1 is electrically connected via the electrode plate 2 and the conductive connection member 6, electrically connects the electrode plate 2 and the power feeding unit, and holds the electrode plate 2 in the electrolyte.
- the electrode plate holding member 4, the conductive connection member 6 that electrically connects the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4, and the bolt 5 that attaches the conductive connection member 6 to the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4. Have.
- the lower end of the electrode plate holding member 4 is connected to the electrode plate 2 via the conductive connection member 6, and the upper end of the electrode plate holding member 4 is horizontally oriented so that the electrode plate 2 is hooked or hung on the power feeding portion. It has a structure with arms extended. This overhanging portion becomes a power supply connecting portion 4a that is electrically connected to the power supply portion.
- the power feeding connecting portion 4a may be formed in a horizontal bar shape or a plate shape.
- the shape of the power supply connection portion 4a is preferably a structure that can ensure a sufficient contact area with the power supply portion, and when the anode and cathode are alternately installed (see FIG. 8), the distance between the anode and cathode electrodes It should be something that does not become too wide.
- the conductive connecting member 6 has a length equal to or longer than the length of the holding member mounting surface 2a of the electrode plate 2 and the bolt 5 so as to be in contact with the entire holding member mounting surface 2a of the electrode plate 2 formed in a plate shape.
- the electrode plate holding member 4 are formed in a plate shape having a sufficient width that can be connected integrally. It is preferable to use a metal having good conductivity for the conductive connecting member 6. Since the conductive connecting member 6 is connected to the electrode plate 2 by surface contact, heat is diffused even if the temperature rises due to electric resistance at the connection portion between the electrode plate 2 and the conductive connecting member 6, so that the electrode plate 2 is melted. The electrode plate 2 can be prevented from melting even when a large voltage or current is applied. Further, even if the temperature rises due to electric resistance and softening occurs somewhat, the entire holding member mounting surface 2a of the electrode plate 2 and the conductive connecting member 6 are connected, so that the electrode plate 2 can be prevented from falling off.
- the electrode plate 2 and the holding member 3 are connected to each other in a state where the electrode plate holding member 4 is abutted against the electrode plate 2.
- Bolts 5 are passed through each of them, and the bolts 5 and nuts (not shown) are fastened.
- one through hole 9 of the two conductive connecting members 6 is a screw hole corresponding to the bolt 5, and the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4 are connected to the conductive connecting member 6 without using a nut.
- FIG. 1 Thereby, the electrode plate 2 and the holding member 3 having the electrode plate holding member 4 and the two conductive connection members 6 are integrated, and the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4 are connected by the bolt 5 and the conductive connection member 6. Are electrically connected.
- the electrode plate 2, the electrode plate holding member 4 and the conductive connection member 6 are previously formed with through holes 7, 8, and 9 through which the bolts 5 are passed.
- FIG. 1 an example in which four bolts 5 are attached to each of the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4 has been shown, but the present invention is limited to this.
- the distance between the bolts 5 may be sufficiently widened symmetrically and equally spaced.
- the electrode plate 2 may have a through hole 7 through which the bolt 5 is passed as a groove 7a.
- the groove portion 7a is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the electrode plate 2 facing the electrode plate holding member 4, and the upper end portion side facing the electrode plate holding member 4 is opened, and is formed into a groove shape by cutting with a width equal to or larger than the diameter of the bolt 5.
- the shape of the groove portion 7a is not limited to the U-shaped groove portion shown in FIG. 3, but may be, for example, a triangular or quadrangular groove, and the bolt 5 is passed through the groove portion 7a of the electrode plate 2. Any shape may be used as long as it can be attached to the electrode plate holding member 4.
- the electrode plate 2 and the connecting member 3 can be connected as in the case shown in FIG.
- Both main surfaces of the butted electrode plate 2 and electrode plate holding member 4 are sandwiched between two conductive connection members 6, and the groove 7a of the electrode plate 2, the two conductive connection members 6, and the electrode plate holding member 4 and two sheets.
- Bolts 5 are passed through each of the conductive connecting members 6 and the bolts 5 and nuts (not shown) are fastened.
- the electrode plate 2 can be easily attached to and detached from the electrode plate holding member 4 by forming a groove-like groove portion 7a instead of using a through-hole as a through-hole.
- the bolt 5 is removed and the two conductive connecting members 6 are not completely separated from the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4, but only by loosening the bolt 5
- the used electrode plate 2 can be easily removed from the holding member 3.
- the new electrode plate 2 is inserted between the conductive connection member 6 so that the bolt 5 fits into the groove portion 7a, and the bolt 5 is tightened to easily form the electrode.
- the plate 2 can be fixed.
- the electrode plate 2 in which the groove part 7a is formed can be easily attached and detached, the working efficiency can be improved.
- the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4 are sandwiched between two conductive connection members 6, and the connection state is maintained by the bolts 5 and the conductive connection members 6, so that the electrode plate 2 is electrolyzed. Hold in liquid.
- the holding member 3 electrically connects the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4 via the conductive connection member 6, and electrically connects the electrode plate 2 and the power supply portion on which the power supply connection portion 4a is caught. Connecting.
- the holding member 3 is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 1, and as a simpler method, for example, a method of attaching and detaching with one touch using a pinching force using a spring or the like may be adopted.
- a simpler method for example, a method of attaching and detaching with one touch using a pinching force using a spring or the like may be adopted.
- Corrosion countermeasures become more important and maintenance becomes complicated.
- the holding member 3 using the bolt 5 shown in FIG. 1 having a simpler structure is preferable.
- the holding member 3 is attached only to the holding member mounting surface 2a of one main surface of the electrode plate 2 as long as the electrode plate 2 can be held and the electrode plate 2 and the power feeding portion can be electrically connected. It may be a thing.
- the electrode plate 2 and the holding member 3, for example, the conductive connection member 6 in FIG. 1 are in surface contact even if the electrode plate 2 is formed of a low melting point metal or a low melting point alloy. Therefore, even if resistance heating occurs in the connection portion, heat is diffused and the temperature rise is suppressed, so that melting of the electrode plate 2 can be prevented, and the holding member for the electrode plate 2 even if resistance heating causes some softening By holding the entire mounting surface 2a with the holding member 3, it is possible to prevent the electrode plate 2 from falling off and to perform electrolysis for a long time.
- the electrode plate 2 and the holding member 3 are in surface contact, even when a large voltage or current is passed through the electrode plate 2, the electrode plate 2 does not fall off, and for a long time. Electrolysis can be performed. Moreover, since the anode 1 is held without dropping from the holding member 3 even when the thickness of the electrode plate 2 is increased, for example, a thickness of 8 mm or more, it can be electrolyzed for a long time.
- the electrode plate 2 is manufactured by casting using a mold that matches the shape of the electrode plate 2.
- the electrode plate 2 used for the anode 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is equivalent to the size of the electrode plate 2 on a graphite carbon plate having a sufficient thickness, for example, as shown in FIGS. It forms using the casting_mold
- the graphite carbon mold 10 the heat is easily transferred to the metal placed in the recess 10 a during heating, so that the metal is easily melted and the solidified metal from the mold 10 is easily taken out after cooling.
- the mold 10 can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene or refractory metal in addition to graphite carbon from the viewpoint of heat resistance.
- polytetrafluoroethylene since the thermal conductivity is poor, it takes time to melt the metal, which is not preferable.
- a high melting point metal wettability with a molten low melting point metal or a low melting point alloy becomes high, and it becomes difficult to peel off from a mold when cooled and solidified, which is not preferable. Therefore, graphite carbon is preferable as a material having good thermal conductivity and less deformation due to thermal expansion and good peelability.
- the dimensions of the mold 10 are determined by the thickness and width dimensions of the electrode plate 2. In order to make it easier to take out the cooled and solidified electrode plate 2, the recess 10 a of the mold 10 may be provided with an angle so that the inner wall extends from the bottom surface toward the opening.
- the through hole 7 through which the bolt 5 for attaching the holding member 3 is passed is formed on the holding member attaching surface 2a to which the holding member 3 of the electrode plate 2 to be formed is attached.
- the through hole 7 As a method for forming the through hole 7, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, while the low melting point metal or the low melting point alloy is melted in the mold 10, it is the same as the bolt 5 from the opening side of the mold 10.
- the rod 11 having a diameter By inserting the rod 11 having a diameter, the inserted rod 11 portion becomes the through hole 7.
- the fixing plate 13 is formed in a plate shape having a size almost the same as the width of the mold 10 and has a through hole 12 for passing the rod 11. Use.
- the fixing plate 13 is covered with the opening of the mold 10 in parallel with the mold 10 and without floating on the mold 10.
- the fixing plate 13 has a structure in which the positional accuracy is firmly maintained so that the fixing plate 13 is appropriately covered on the mold 10 every time casting is repeated. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5, the fixed plate 13 has the same height as the thickness of the mold 10 on the bottom surface of one short side so as to be L-shaped. An accuracy maintaining member 14 having the same length is attached.
- the accuracy maintaining member 14 is fitted so as to slide along the outer surface of the mold 10 when the fixing plate 13 is put on the mold 10. Since the accuracy maintaining member 14 is formed at the same height as the mold 10, the accuracy of the height of the fixing plate 13 can be maintained, and the length is formed to be the same as the length of the fixing plate 13. By matching the end portion 14a with the corner portion 10b of the mold 10, the accuracy of the position of the through hole 12 through which the rod 11 is passed can be maintained.
- the accuracy maintaining member 14 is not limited to the above-described structure as long as high positional accuracy can be maintained.
- the rod 11 forming the through-hole 7 is preferably heat-resistant and has a poor wettability with the metal so that it can be easily removed even after the low melting point metal or low melting point alloy is solidified.
- a rod 11 made of polytetrafluoroethylene it is preferable to use.
- the size of the rod 11 needs to be long enough to penetrate the electrode plate 2 to be cast and a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the bolt 5.
- the number of rods 11 and the interval at which the rods 11 are inserted are adjusted to the number and position of the bolts 5.
- the low melting point metal or low melting point alloy is heated to the melting point or higher in the mold 10 and the low melting point metal or low melting point alloy is sufficiently melted.
- the fixing plate 13 in a state where the rod 11 is passed through the hole 12 in a state of spreading in the mold 10 is placed on the mold 10 so that the rod 11 faces the portion where the through hole 7 is formed, and the rod is placed in the molten metal. 11 is inserted. Then, the metal is cooled and solidified by standing with the rod 11 inserted. Then, the rod 11 is extracted from the hole 12, and the solidified metal is removed from the mold 10 to obtain the electrode plate 2 in which the through hole 7 is formed.
- the through-hole 8 is formed in the edge part connected with the conductive connection member 6 of the electrode plate holding member 4, and the through-hole 7 of the electrode plate 2 of the conductive connection member 6 and the through-hole 8 of the electrode plate holding member 4 are opposed.
- a through-hole 9 through which the bolt 5 is passed is formed at a position where it is to be performed. Examples of the method for forming the through holes 8 and 9 include cutting with a general drill.
- the holding member 3 is attached to the holding member attachment surface 2a of the electrode plate 2 obtained as described above, and the anode 1 is manufactured.
- the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4 are abutted, and the abutted portion is sandwiched between two conductive connecting members 6 from both sides, and the electrode plates 2, the electrode plate holding member 4, and the through holes 7 and 8 of the conductive connecting member 6.
- the bolt 5 is passed through and the bolt 5 and the nut are fastened, whereby the electrode plate 2 and the holding member 3 are integrated, and the anode 1 is obtained.
- the electrode plate 2 having the groove 7a can be manufactured using a mold 15 shown in FIG.
- the mold 15 has a sufficiently thick graphite carbon plate formed with a recess 15a corresponding to the size of the electrode plate 2, and a protrusion 15b protruding from the inner wall at a position corresponding to the groove 7a.
- the recess 15 a of the mold 15 may be provided with an angle so that the inner wall extends from the bottom surface toward the opening.
- the low melting point metal or low melting point alloy is heated to the melting point or higher in the mold 15, and the low melting point metal or low melting point alloy is sufficiently melted and spread in the mold 15. Allow to cool and solidify. Then, the solidified metal is removed from the mold 15 to obtain the electrode plate 2 in which the groove 7a is formed.
- the electrode plate 2 since it is not necessary to form the through-hole 7 as described above, it is not necessary to melt and hold the low melting point metal or low melting point alloy of the electrode material in the mold 15, After melting the low melting point metal or the low melting point alloy in the container, the electrode plate 2 may be obtained by pouring into the recess 15a of the mold 15.
- the low melting point metal or the low melting point alloy is melted in the mold 15 to be cooled and solidified or melted. It can be produced simply by pouring a low melting point metal or a low melting point alloy and cooling and solidifying the metal. Thereby, the electrode plate 2 in which the groove part 7a was formed can be manufactured more easily and efficiently than the electrode plate 2 in which the through-hole 7 was formed.
- the bolt 5 When using the electrode plate 2 in which the groove 7a is formed, the bolt 5 is first passed through the through holes 8 and 9 of the electrode holding member 4 and the conductive connection member 6, and the bolt 5 and the nut are loosely fastened. Then, after inserting the bolt 5 into the groove portion 7a of the electrode plate 2 and tightening the bolt 5 and the nut firmly, the anode 1 in which the electrode plate 2 and the holding member 3 are integrated may be obtained.
- the electrode plate 2 can be easily melted by using a low melting point metal or low melting point alloy having a low melting point of 100 ° C. or more and 250 ° C. or less.
- the electrode plate 2 is obtained by molding with a mold, and the electrode plate 2 can be obtained simply by attaching the holding member 3, for example, the conductive connecting member 6 in FIG.
- the anode 1 is efficiently produced in which the temperature rise due to the resistance is suppressed at the connection portion between the holding member 3 and the holding member 3, the electrode plate 2 is not melted, and is prevented from falling off even if it is somewhat softened by resistance heating. can do.
- the method for manufacturing the anode 1 even when a large voltage or current is passed, the temperature rise due to the electrical resistance is suppressed by attaching the holding member 3 in surface contact, and the electrode plate 2 does not melt, The anode 1 that is prevented from falling off can be efficiently manufactured.
- bolt 5 of the electrode plate 2 pass is formed.
- the electrode plate 2 in which the through-holes 7 are formed can be easily manufactured simply by inserting the rod 11 positioned by the fixing plate 13 into the molten low melting point metal or low melting point alloy.
- the conductive connecting member 6 is connected to the electrode plate 2 with the bolt 5 by using the electrode plate 2 having the through hole 7. Therefore, the anode 1 can be manufactured efficiently.
- the electrode plate 2 in which the groove portion 7a is formed is obtained simply by pouring a molten low melting point metal or low melting point alloy into the mold 15 as shown in FIG. Therefore, the electrode plate 2 can be manufactured more easily.
- the electrode plate 2 is made to be electrically conductive with the bolt 5 loosened without completely separating the conductive connection member 6 from the electrode plate holding member 4.
- the electrode plate 2 and the electrode plate holding member 4 can be connected by inserting the bolt 5 between the connecting members 6 so as to enter the groove portion 7 a and then tightening the bolt 5 firmly.
- the anode 1 can be manufactured more efficiently because it can be easily replaced especially when the used electrode plate 2 is replaced with a new electrode plate 2. Can do.
- Example 1 In Example 1, the anode shown in FIG. 1 was produced with the same configuration as the anode using the electrode plate in which the through hole shown in FIG. 2 was formed.
- An indium electrode plate having a thickness of 4 mm and a size of 27 cm in length and width was produced by melt casting using a mold (see FIG. 5).
- the mold was manufactured by adding a concave portion having a depth of 15 mm and a length and width of 27 cm to carbon graphite having a thickness of 30 mm and a length and width of 30 cm.
- the fixing plate was prepared by scraping a carbon graphite lump having a length of 65 mm, a width of 35 cm, and a height of 35 mm into a plate shape having a length of 60 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a height of 30 mm.
- the dimension d (see FIG. 4) of the accuracy maintaining member attached to the fixed plate was set to 30 mm, which was the same as the thickness of the carbon graphite, and the length was set to be the same as the horizontal 30 mm of the fixed plate.
- the fixing plate In the fixing plate, four through holes having a diameter of 5 mm were formed at equal intervals. Here, the positions of the through holes were arranged so as to be at an interval of 6.8 cm on a line having a distance of 15 mm from the upper side of the electrode plate. Also, four rods made of Teflon (registered trademark) having a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 3 cm were prepared for forming bolt through holes.
- Teflon registered trademark
- an indium electrode plate was cast as follows.
- the prepared mold was placed on a large hot plate (HP-A2234M, 30 cm ⁇ 30 cm) manufactured by AS ONE, and 2000 g of indium metal was placed thereon.
- the hot plate was heated to about 300 ° C. and held.
- Teflon (registered trademark) rod into the four through holes. Cooling was performed. After the indium metal cooled to room temperature, the Teflon (registered trademark) rod was pulled out, the fixing plate was removed, and the mold was turned over. The solidified indium metal could be quickly peeled off from the mold.
- the thickness of the obtained indium electrode plate was about 4 mm.
- the holding member is a copper material having the same shape as the holding member shown in FIG. 1, and an electrode plate holding member and a conductive connecting member, which are molded into a shape with an upper side length of 40 cm and a lower side reduced to 27 cm, are prepared.
- the holding member was coated with titanium.
- Four through-holes for passing 5 mm bolts were formed on the line with a distance of 15 mm upward from the lower side of the electrode plate holding member so that the centers became 6.8 cm apart.
- Bolts were passed through the through holes of the holding member and the indium electrode plate, and the bolts and nuts were used to join them at four locations.
- the length from the top to the bottom of the anode in which the indium electrode plate and the holding member were integrated was 40 cm.
- Electrolysis was performed using the anode produced as described above.
- the electrolysis apparatus 20 the apparatus shown in FIG. 7 was used.
- the electrolyte solution 21 was prepared by preparing 100 L of a 1 mol / L ammonium nitrate aqueous solution and adding nitric acid thereto to adjust the pH to 4.0. This was put into an electrolytic cell 23 provided with a liquid dispersion plate 22 to keep the electrolytic solution 21 at 25 ° C. Further, four anodes 24 and five cathodes 25 are arranged as shown in FIG.
- a 1 mol / L ammonium nitrate aqueous solution having a pH of 4.0 is contained in an adjustment tank 27 provided adjacent to the electrolysis tank 23.
- the adjustment tank 27 is connected to the electrolytic tank 23 by a circulation pump 28 and circulates the electrolytic solution 21.
- the adjustment tank 27 includes a stirring rod 29 for stirring the electrolytic solution 21, a pH electrode 30 for measuring pH, a temperature adjusting heater 31 for controlling and maintaining the temperature of the electrolytic solution 21, and a cooler 32.
- electrolysis was performed while maintaining the current so that the current density was 15 A / dm 2 .
- Example 1 During electrolysis, the contact temperature between the indium electrode plate and the conductive connecting member changed between 50 ° C. and 80 ° C., and no deformation of the indium electrode plate was observed due to the temperature rise. In Example 1, it was possible to continuously generate indium hydroxide in the electrolytic solution for 6 hours by electrolysis, and the obtained slurry could be solid-liquid separated.
- Example 2 the anode shown in FIG. 1 was produced with the same structure as the anode using the electrode plate in which the groove part shown in FIG. 3 was formed.
- An indium electrode plate having a thickness of 8 mm, a length of 349 mm, and a width of 260 mm was produced by melt casting using a mold (see FIG. 6).
- the mold was manufactured by attaching a recess having a depth of 15 mm, a bottom of 349 mm and a width of 260 mm inside a carbon graphite having a thickness of 30 mm, a length of 400 mm and a width of 300 mm. More specifically, the inner wall of the mold was inclined so as to be 355 mm long and 266 mm wide at a depth of 8 mm. Moreover, the convex part which protrudes from one short side is formed in the casting_mold
- the convex portion has a shape having an angle such that the width is 14 mm, the length is 17 mm, and the depth is 8 mm at the bottom position of the concave portion of the mold, and the width is 8 mm and the length is 14 mm.
- Three convex portions were provided at equal intervals.
- the convex portion was formed in a U shape with the other end not connected to the short side of the mold being arcuate.
- the attachment to the holding member was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the number of attachment bolts was reduced from four to three. Electrolysis was also performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 2 indium hydroxide could be generated by electrolysis for 12 hours, and the resulting slurry could be solid-liquid separated.
- Example 3 An anode using an electrode plate in which the groove formed in the U shape in Example 2 was formed into a triangular V shape was produced. The other conditions were the same as in Example 2.
- Example 3 indium hydroxide could be generated by electrolysis for 12 hours, and the resulting slurry could be solid-liquid separated.
- the comparative example has a portion 40 a that protrudes to the left and right by 6.5 cm in the lateral direction above the anode 40 having a width of 27 cm, a length of 40 cm, and a thickness of 4 mm, and includes the protruding portion 40 a.
- An anode 40 made of indium metal having a shape with a total length of 40 cm was molded.
- the overhanging portion 40a of the anode 40 was hooked on the power feeding portion 41 and electrolysis was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1.
- the melting temperature is low, such as indium
- the electrode plate and the holding member are in surface contact as in Examples 1 to 3
- the electrode plate can be prevented from melting. It can be seen that long-term electrolysis is possible.
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Abstract
Description
本発明を適用した図1及び図2に示す陽極1は、電解に用いられる陽極であり、電解装置の給電部に引っかけ又は吊り下げる方式のものである。陽極1は、電極板2の両主面の一辺近傍に位置する保持部材取付面2aに電解の際に電極板2を保持する保持部材3が取り付けられている。
陽極1の製造方法については、先ず電極板2の製造方法について説明する。電極板2は、電極板2の形状に合わせた鋳型を用いて鋳造により製造する。
実施例1では、図2に示す貫通孔が形成された電極板を用いた陽極と同じ構成で図1に示す陽極を作製した。
実施例2では、図3に示す溝部が形成された電極板を用いた陽極と同じ構成で図1に示す陽極を作製した。
実施例3では、実施例2においてU字状に形成した溝部を三角形のV字状にした電極板を用いた陽極を作製した。それ以外の条件は実施例2と同様に行った。
比較例は、図9に示すような、幅27cm、長さ40cm、厚み4mmの陽極40の上方に横方向にそれぞれ6.5cm左右に張り出した部分40aを有し、その張り出した部分40aを含む全長幅が40cmとなる形状のインジウム金属からなる陽極40を成型した。この陽極40の張り出し部分40aを給電部41に引っかけて実施例1と同じ条件で電解を行った。
導線、27 調整槽、28 循環ポンプ、29 攪拌棒、30 pH電極、31 ヒーター、32 冷却器
Claims (12)
- 100℃以上250℃以下の融点を有する低融点金属又は低融点合金からなる電極板の少なくとも一方の主面の一辺近傍に、該一辺の長さ以上の長さを有し、上記電極板の融点よりも高い融点を有する金属又は合金からなる保持部材が面接触により取り付けられていることを特徴とする陽極。
- 上記保持部材は、上記電極板を保持する電極板保持部材と、上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材とを電気的に接続し、板状に形成された導電接続部材とを有し、
上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材とが接続された接続部分の側面を2枚の導電接続部材で挟み込み、上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材と2枚の上記導電接続部材とが一体となるように貫通させたボルトをかしめることで上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材とが上記導電接続部材を介して電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の陽極。 - 上記電極板は、上記ボルトが貫通する部分が貫通孔又は溝部からなることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の陽極。
- 上記電極板は、厚みが2mm以上、15mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の陽極。
- 上記低融点金属は、インジウム又はスズであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の陽極。
- 上記保持部材は、銅で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の陽極。
- 上記保持部材の表面を電解の電解液で腐食されない金属で被覆することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の陽極。
- 100℃以上250℃以下の融点を有する低融点金属又は低融点合金を鋳型の中で冷却固化し、固化した低融点金属又は低融点合金を上記鋳型から取出して上記電極板を得て、得られた上記電極板の少なくとも一方の主面の一辺近傍に、該一辺の長さ以上の長さを有し、上記電極板の融点よりも高い融点を有する金属又は合金からなる保持部材を面接触するように取り付けて陽極を製造することを特徴とする陽極の製造方法。
- 上記鋳型中の低融点金属又は低融点合金が溶融した状態で、上記一辺近傍に棒を差し込み、差し込んだ該棒部分が貫通孔となるように上記電極板を形成し、
上記保持部材を構成し、上記電極板を保持する電極板保持部材の端部に貫通孔を形成し、
上記電極板及び上記電極板保持部材の貫通孔に対向する位置に貫通孔が形成された板状であって、上記保持部材を構成し、上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材とを電気的に接続する2枚の導電接続部材で上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材とが接続される接続部分の側面を挟み、
上記電極板の貫通孔と上記電極板保持部材の貫通孔と上記2枚の導電接続部材の貫通孔とにボルトを貫通させてかしめ、上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材と上記2枚の導電接続部材とを一体にし、上記導電接続部材で上記電極板保持部材と上記電極板を電気的に接続することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の陽極の製造方法。 - 上記鋳型は、グラファイトカーボンで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の陽極の製造方法。
- 上記棒は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の陽極の製造方法。
- 内壁から突出した凸部を有する上記鋳型を用い、該凸部部分によって形成された溝部を外周部に有する上記電極板を形成し、
上記保持部材を構成し、上記電極板を保持する電極板保持部材の端部に貫通孔を形成し、
上記電極板の溝部及び上記電極板保持部材の貫通孔に対向する位置に貫通孔が形成された板状であって、上記保持部材を構成し、上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材とを電気的に接続する2枚の導電接続部材で上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材とが接続される接続部分の側面を挟み、
上記電極板の溝部と上記電極板保持部材の貫通孔と上記2枚の導電接続部材の貫通孔とにボルトを貫通させてかしめ、上記電極板と上記電極板保持部材と上記2枚の導電接続部材とを一体にし、上記導電接続部材で上記電極板保持部材と上記電極板を電気的に接続することを特徴とする請求項8に記載の陽極の製造方法。
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US10221499B2 (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2019-03-05 | Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc | Nuclear fuel structure and method of making a nuclear fuel structure using a detachable cathode material |
JP2022003156A (ja) * | 2020-06-23 | 2022-01-11 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | カソード吊り上げ器具およびカソードの補修方法 |
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CN108531944A (zh) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-09-14 | 河南海之德高新环保科技有限公司 | 一种金属镓循环电解用组合式阴、阳电极板 |
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