WO2015004745A1 - 回転電機、及びエレベータ用巻上機 - Google Patents
回転電機、及びエレベータ用巻上機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015004745A1 WO2015004745A1 PCT/JP2013/068851 JP2013068851W WO2015004745A1 WO 2015004745 A1 WO2015004745 A1 WO 2015004745A1 JP 2013068851 W JP2013068851 W JP 2013068851W WO 2015004745 A1 WO2015004745 A1 WO 2015004745A1
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- rotor
- skew
- stator
- magnetic pole
- pole piece
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/278—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
- H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/1004—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with pulleys
- H02K7/1008—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with pulleys structurally associated with the machine rotor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/06—Magnetic cores, or permanent magnets characterised by their skew
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotating electric machine that is used as, for example, a motor or a generator and includes a permanent magnet in a rotor that rotates with respect to a stator, and an elevator hoisting machine including the rotating electric machine.
- a rotary electric machine embedded magnet type rotary electric machine in which a plurality of permanent magnet holes are provided in a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted into each permanent magnet hole is provided.
- a rotating electric machine is also known in which a plurality of unit cores are joined together to form an annular rotor core, and a rotor is formed by embedding a plurality of permanent magnets in the rotor core (see Patent Document 2).
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can suppress the demagnetization of the permanent magnet, can suppress the decrease in torque, and can reduce the cost. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a rotating electric machine and an elevator hoisting machine that can be easily made.
- a rotating electrical machine includes a stator core, a stator having a plurality of stator coils arranged in the circumferential direction on the stator core, a rotor yoke opposed to the stator in the radial direction, and a rotor yoke provided between the rotor yoke and the stator.
- each rotor magnetic pole portion being a permanent magnet provided on the surface of the rotor yoke
- a pole piece which is made of a magnetic material and overlaps the stator side surface of the permanent magnet, and the pole piece is a single piece made of the same magnetic material.
- the rotating electrical machine includes a stator having a stator core and a plurality of stator coils arranged in the circumferential direction on the stator core, a rotor yoke opposed to the stator in the radial direction, and the rotor yoke.
- the pair of symmetrical portions pass through the intersection of the rotor axis and the skew reference plane and are on the skew reference plane.
- the straight line standing are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line is a straight line passing through the center of the permanent magnet in the circumferential direction of the rotor, and are asymmetrical with respect to the skew reference surface.
- the rotating electrical machine of the present invention it is possible to suppress demagnetization of the permanent magnet, to suppress a reduction in torque and to reduce costs, and to facilitate the manufacture of the rotating electrical machine.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the rotor of FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the rotor magnetic pole part of FIG. It is a top view which shows the rotor magnetic pole part of FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the skew angle (alpha) and a skew coefficient. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the rotor of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the rotor magnetic pole part of FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole part of FIG. 15. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the rotor of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the rotor magnetic pole part of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the rotor of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 8 of this invention.
- FIG. 20 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole part of FIG. 19.
- FIG. 21 is a graph showing a relationship between a skew angle ⁇ and a skew coefficient when the magnetic pole piece of FIG.
- FIG. 20 is used for a rotor. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the rotor of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 9 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the rotor magnetic pole part of FIG. FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a rotor of a rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 10. It is a top view which shows the rotor magnetic pole part of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the principal part of the rotor of the rotary electric machine by Embodiment 11 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the rotor magnetic pole part of FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the rotor of FIG.
- a rotating electrical machine 1 includes an annular stator 2, a rotor 3 that is disposed inside the stator 2 and is rotatable with respect to the stator 2, and a housing 4 that supports the stator 2 and the rotor 3. Yes.
- the housing 4 has a cylindrical housing cylinder portion 5 surrounding the stator 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, a support shaft 6 disposed on the central axis of the housing cylinder portion 5 is fixed to the housing 4. The rotor 3 is rotatably attached to the support shaft 6 via a bearing 7. The rotor 3 is supported by the housing 4 via the support shaft 6.
- the stator 2 is arranged coaxially with the rotor 3.
- the stator 2 is provided on the stator core 8 and the stator core 8 that are respectively provided on the stator core 8 and arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator core 8.
- an insulator 10 interposed between the stator coils 9.
- the stator 2 is supported by the housing 4 in a state where the stator core 8 is fitted in the housing cylindrical portion 5. Further, an insulation state between each stator coil 9 and the stator core 8 is ensured by the insulator 10.
- the stator core 8 is composed of a plurality of steel plates (magnetic bodies) stacked in the axial direction of the support shaft 6. Further, the stator core 8 protrudes radially inward from the back yoke portion 11 and the annular back yoke portion 11 along the inner peripheral surface of the housing cylindrical portion 5, and is arranged at intervals with respect to the circumferential direction of the stator core 8. And a plurality of magnetic pole teeth portions 12. The magnetic pole teeth 12 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the stator core 8.
- the stator coil 9 is individually provided in each magnetic pole tooth portion 12. Accordingly, the stator coils 9 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the stator core 8. A rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator 2 by energizing each stator coil 9. The rotor 3 is rotated around the axis of the support shaft 6 by the generation of the rotating magnetic field of the stator 2.
- the rotor 3 has a rotor yoke 13 and a plurality of rotor magnetic pole portions 14 respectively provided on the rotor yoke 13.
- the rotor yoke 13 is a casting made of cast iron. Further, the rotor yoke 13 has a cylindrical rotor cylinder portion 15 that is disposed coaxially with the support shaft 6. Further, the rotor yoke 13 is arranged inside the stator 2 with the outer peripheral surface of the rotor cylinder portion 15 facing the stator 2 in the radial direction of the rotor 3. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of the rotor cylinder part 15 has opposed the front end surface of each magnetic pole teeth part 12 about radial direction.
- Each rotor magnetic pole part 14 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor cylinder part 15, respectively. Further, the rotor magnetic pole portions 14 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 (rotation direction of the rotor 3) in the space between the rotor cylinder portion 15 and the stator 2. In this example, the rotor magnetic pole portions 14 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.
- Each rotor magnetic pole portion 14 has a plate-like permanent magnet 16 fixed to the outer peripheral surface (front surface) of the rotor cylinder portion 15 and a plate-like magnetic pole piece 17 overlapping the surface of the permanent magnet 16 on the stator 2 side. ing.
- the permanent magnets 16 are arranged with different polarities alternately in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. Therefore, the polarities of the rotor magnetic pole portions 14 are alternately different in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the length direction of the permanent magnet 16 coincides with the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the shape of the permanent magnet 16 is a flat plate shape having a uniform thickness and a uniform width in the longitudinal direction of the permanent magnet 16.
- the thickness direction of the permanent magnet 16 coincides with the direction of the straight line (center radial direction) connecting the center of the permanent magnet 16 and the axis of the rotor 3 when the rotor 3 is viewed along the axis of the rotor 3. .
- the permanent magnet 16 is fixed to the rotor cylinder portion 15 with an adhesive.
- the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic pole piece 17 (that is, the surface of the magnetic pole piece 17 on the side of the stator 2) has an arc shape along the inner peripheral surface of the stator 2 (that is, the virtual cylindrical surface on which the tip surface of each magnetic pole tooth portion 12 exists). It is a surface. Thereby, the dimension of the space between the front end surface of each magnetic pole tooth part 12 and the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic pole piece 17 is uniform in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the surface of each pole piece 17 on the permanent magnet 16 side is a flat surface along the surface of the permanent magnet 16 on the stator 2 side.
- each magnetic pole piece 17 is continuously reduced from the center of the magnetic pole piece 17 toward both ends of the magnetic pole piece 17 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the thickness of the pole piece 17 is thinner than the thickness of the permanent magnet 16 at any position in the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the pole piece 17 is made of a magnetic material (for example, iron). Thereby, the magnetic permeability of the pole piece 17 is higher than that of the permanent magnet 16. Furthermore, the pole piece 17 is produced by plastic working on a single plate material that is not a laminate. Thus, the pole piece 17 is a single piece made of the same magnetic material. In this example, the pole piece 17 is produced by performing, for example, press working (punching or press forming) or forging on a cold-rolled steel sheet (SPCC). The pole piece 17 is fixed to the permanent magnet 16 with an adhesive.
- a magnetic material for example, iron
- the pole piece 17 is a skew portion 21 that changes the magnetization state of the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 in the axial direction of the rotor 3 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the skew portion 21 is disposed in the entire range of the permanent magnet 16 in the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the skew portion 21 has a pair of symmetrical portions 22 that pass through the center of the permanent magnet 16 in the axial direction of the rotor 3 and is continuous with a skew reference plane S1 that is a virtual plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 3 as a boundary. is doing.
- skew reference line L1 that is a straight line passing through the intersection of the axis of the rotor 3 and the skew reference plane S1 and the center of the permanent magnet 16 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the pair of symmetric portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1, and are asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1. Thereby, the relationship between the pair of symmetrical portions 22 is a so-called step skew relationship in the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- each shape of each symmetrical portion 22 when viewed along the radial direction of the rotor 3 is a rectangular shape having a center line along the axial direction of the rotor 3, as shown in FIG. . Therefore, end surfaces along the axial direction of the rotor 3 are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of each symmetric portion 22.
- each symmetric part 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 is the dimension of the permanent magnet 16 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the respective center lines of the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are shifted in the opposite directions with respect to the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the skew reference line L1. Accordingly, in the common skew portion 21, both end portions of one symmetric portion 22 are shifted from both end portions of the other symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. As shown in FIG.
- the skew portion 21 protrudes from the permanent magnet 16 so that the right end portion of both ends in the circumferential direction of one symmetric portion 22 is larger than the left end portion, and both ends in the circumferential direction of the other symmetric portion 22. In the state where the left end of the portion protrudes larger from the permanent magnet 16 than the right end, it overlaps the permanent magnet 16.
- FIG. 4 an angle formed by two straight lines connecting each of the center lines of the pair of symmetrical portions 22 and the axis of the rotor 3 when viewed along the axial direction of the rotor 3 is shown as a skew angle ⁇ . Has been.
- a plurality of rotor yoke protrusions 18 are provided for positioning the permanent magnet 16 with respect to the rotor cylinder portion 15 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 and receiving a reaction force of rotational torque acting on the permanent magnet 16. It has been.
- the rotor yoke protrusions 18 are interposed between the permanent magnets 16 so as to protrude radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor cylinder portion 15.
- the height dimension Hr of each rotor yoke projection 18 is smaller than the thickness dimension (the radial dimension of the permanent magnet 16) Hm of the permanent magnet 16 (Hr ⁇ Hm). In this example, Hr ⁇ (Hm / 5).
- the torque T ( ⁇ , t) of the rotating electrical machine in which the pole piece 17 is not skewed that is, the rotating electrical machine in which the pole piece 17 is arranged along the axial direction of the rotor 3 without being displaced in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the product of the permeance A ( ⁇ ) and the sum of the magnetomotive force Ns ( ⁇ , t) of the stator 2 and the magnetomotive force Nr ( ⁇ , t) of the rotor 3. Is proportional to the magnetic flux density B ( ⁇ , t).
- ⁇ is a circumferential angle common to the stator 2 and the rotor 3
- t is time
- ⁇ is an angular velocity of an electrical angle
- a i , k Ai , and ⁇ Ai are constants of permeance A ( ⁇ )
- n si , k Nsi and ⁇ Nsi are constants of the magnetomotive force Ns ( ⁇ , t) of the stator 2
- n ri , k Nri , ⁇ Nri , and k ⁇ i are constants of the magnetomotive force Nr ( ⁇ , t) of the rotor 3.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the skew angle ⁇ and the skew coefficient.
- the skew coefficient is a coefficient that represents a ratio of a specific component of torque ripple in the case of skewing with respect to the case of no skewing.
- each rotor magnetic pole portion 14 includes a permanent magnet 16 and a magnetic pole piece 17 made of a magnetic material and overlapping the surface of the permanent magnet 16 on the stator 2 side.
- the magnetic path through which the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 16 passes can be comprised by 17, and permeance can also be improved. Thereby, the demagnetization of the permanent magnet 16 due to the demagnetizing field of the stator 2 can be suppressed.
- the magnetic material constituting the pole piece 17 is desirably a material having a low magnetic permeability or saturation magnetic flux density.
- the magnetic permeability or saturation magnetic flux density is lower than that of the electromagnetic steel sheet. Examples thereof include a rolled steel plate or a carbon steel for machine structure.
- the demagnetization of the permanent magnet 16 can be suppressed by the magnetic pole piece 17, it is not necessary to use an expensive permanent magnet with improved coercive force for the rotor 3, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- a neodymium sintered magnet in which the amount of an expensive rare earth material (for example, dysprosium) is reduced can be used as the permanent magnet 16, and the cost can be reduced.
- the processing of the rotor yoke 13 can be facilitated, and the manufacture of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be facilitated. In particular, when the rotor yoke 13 is a casting, the effect of facilitating manufacture is increased.
- the magnetic pole piece 17 having a higher permeability than the permanent magnet 16 is interposed in the space between the permanent magnet 16 and the stator 2, so that the space between the permanent magnet 16 and the stator 2 has the same size.
- the magnetic resistance between the permanent magnet 16 and the stator 2 can be reduced, and the amount of magnetic flux between the stator 2 and the rotor 3 can be increased.
- each rotor magnetic pole part 14 is arrange
- the pole piece 17 is a single piece made of the same magnetic material, the pole piece 17 can be easily produced by, for example, pressing or forging a single plate material (metal plate). Thereby, manufacture of the rotary electric machine 1 can be made still easier. Furthermore, the space factor in the stacking direction of the pole pieces produced by caulking the laminated body of thin plates is less than 100% due to the thickness of the insulating coating of the thin plates and the generation of gaps between the thin plates due to caulking, but the same material. By making the constructed single piece the magnetic pole piece 17, the space factor of the magnetic pole piece 17 can be made 100%.
- the caulking portion formed by laminating and laminating thin plates does not occur in the magnetic pole piece 17, so that the thickness of the magnetic pole piece 17 can be reduced, It is possible to eliminate the deterioration of the pole piece 17 due to the caulking portion. For this reason, the characteristics of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be improved.
- the pair of symmetrical portions 22 that are continuous with the skew reference plane S1 as a boundary are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1 and are asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1, and therefore the magnetic pole piece 17 in the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the phase of the magnetic flux flowing from the permanent magnet 16 through the magnetic pole piece 17 to the stator 2 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 can be shifted.
- the torque waveform can be shifted and overlapped in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3, and torque ripple can be reduced.
- the torque ripple can be reduced only by shifting the circumferential angle of the permeance A ( ⁇ ) of the magnetic pole piece 17 without shifting the permanent magnet 16 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. This eliminates the need for a step skew. Further, in a structure in which a pair of rotor cores (laminates) embedded with permanent magnets are shifted from each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor, the pair of rotor cores embedded with permanent magnets are shifted in the circumferential direction of the rotor. However, in the present embodiment, this is not necessary, and the pole piece 17 skewed in stages may be manufactured with one mold, and the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced.
- the pole pieces 17 that are step-skewed are also formed in a structure in which the outer periphery of the rotor core thin plate is punched and laminated in a shape that is shifted in the circumferential direction with different molds.
- the manufacturing cost can be reduced by using a single mold. For this reason, the rotating electrical machine 1 can be easily manufactured, and costs can be reduced.
- the pole piece 17 overlaps the flat surface of the permanent magnet 16 on the stator 2 side, the adhesion between the pole piece 17 and the permanent magnet 16 can be facilitated.
- the pole piece 17 is more reliably disposed between the stator 2 and the permanent magnet 16. Therefore, the permeance can be improved more reliably. Furthermore, since the demagnetizing field passes from one end of the pole piece 17 of FIG. 4 to the other end or vice versa, the permanent magnet 16 is less susceptible to the demagnetizing field. Thereby, the demagnetization of the permanent magnet 16 due to the demagnetizing field of the stator 2 can be more reliably suppressed.
- the shape of the permanent magnet 16 is a flat plate shape, for example, finishing polishing can be facilitated, and the manufacturing of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be further facilitated. In addition, the material yield can be improved.
- the rotor yoke 13 is provided with a plurality of rotor yoke protrusions 18 for positioning the permanent magnets 16 with respect to the rotor yoke 13 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3, the positional deviation of the permanent magnets 16 with respect to the rotor yoke 13 can be prevented more reliably. be able to. Furthermore, it is not necessary to use other parts for positioning each permanent magnet 16, and an increase in the number of parts can be suppressed.
- each rotor yoke protrusion 18 is smaller than the thickness dimension Hm of the permanent magnet 16 (Hr ⁇ Hm)
- the pole piece 17 and the rotor yoke protrusion 18 are separated from each other through a space.
- the magnetic pole piece 17 and the rotor yoke protrusion 18 can be magnetically insulated. Thereby, an increase in the amount of leakage magnetic flux between the rotor magnetic pole portions 14 can be suppressed, and torque can be improved.
- a nonmagnetic member (for example, resin or stainless steel) may be interposed between the pole piece 17 and the rotor yoke protrusion 18.
- the inner peripheral surface of the stator 2 (virtual cylindrical surface on which the tip surface of each magnetic pole tooth portion 12 exists) and the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic pole piece 17 (the surface on the stator 2 side of each magnetic pole piece 17)
- the dimension of the space between them is uniform in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3, but the dimension of the space between the inner peripheral surface of the stator 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the pole piece 17 extends from the center of the pole piece 17 to both ends.
- the shape of the outer peripheral surface of each pole piece 17 may be an arc shape having a smaller radius of curvature than the arc shape centering on the axis of the rotor 3 so as to increase continuously toward the center.
- the skew portion 21 is a two-stage skew by the pair of symmetric portions 22 in the axial direction of the rotor 3, but the skew portion 21 is moved in the axial direction of the rotor 3 by the pair of symmetric portions 22.
- a three-stage skew may be used.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG.
- the pole piece 17 is a skew portion 21 having a pair of symmetrical portions 22 that are continuous with the skew reference plane S1 as a boundary.
- the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1, and are asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1.
- the shape of each symmetric part 22 is different from that of the first embodiment.
- each symmetric portion 22 is a shape in which a portion close to the skew reference plane S1 is left and only a portion away from the skew reference plane S1 is shifted in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- three step skew forming portions 25 are formed in the skew portion 21 by a pair of symmetrical portions 22.
- the shape of each step skew forming portion 25 when viewed along the radial direction of the rotor 3 is a rectangular shape having a center line along the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the dimensions of the step skew forming portions 25 in the axial direction of the rotor 3 are the same. Further, the dimensions of the respective skew forming portions 25 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 are also the same.
- the position of the center line of the central step skew forming portion 25 coincides with the position of the skew reference line L1 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3, and
- the center line of the other stage skew forming portion 25 is shifted in the opposite directions with respect to the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the skew reference line L1.
- the skew portion 21 projects both ends in the circumferential direction of the central step skew forming portion 25 evenly from the permanent magnet 16, and on the right side of both ends in the circumferential direction of one step skew forming portion 25.
- the end portion is protruded more greatly from the permanent magnet 16 than the left end portion, and the left end portion of the other step skew forming portion 25 is protruded from the permanent magnet 16 larger than the right end portion, It overlaps with the permanent magnet 16.
- a straight line connecting the center line of the central stage skew forming portion 25 and the axis of the rotor 3 (that is, the skew reference line L ⁇ b> 1).
- the angle formed by the straight line connecting the center line of one step skew forming portion 25 and the axis of the rotor 3 and the straight line connecting the center line of the central step skew forming portion 25 and the axis of the rotor 3 (ie, skew).
- the angles formed by the reference line L1) and the straight line connecting the center line of the other stage skew forming portion 25 and the axis of the rotor 3 are shown as skew angles ⁇ .
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the skew angle ⁇ and the skew coefficient when the magnetic pole piece 17 of FIG. 8 is used for the rotor 3.
- the number of stages of the stage skew forming unit 25 is not limited to two or three, and may be four or more.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the shape of each pole piece 17 is a flat plate having a uniform thickness that is thinner than the thickness of the permanent magnet 16. Thereby, the surface on the permanent magnet 16 side and the surface on the stator 2 side of each pole piece 17 are both flat.
- Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.
- the shape of the magnetic pole piece 17 is a flat plate shape, the production of the magnetic pole piece 17 can be further facilitated, for example, by pressing or forging a plate material (metal plate). It can be made easier.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a rotor 3 of a rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- 12 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG.
- a pair of magnetic pole piece protrusions 31 sandwiching the permanent magnet 16 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 are provided at both ends of the magnetic pole piece 17 in the axial direction of the rotor 3 (both ends in the axial direction of the magnetic pole piece 17). Is provided.
- the intermediate portion of the magnetic pole piece 17 in the axial direction of the rotor 3 (the intermediate portion in the axial direction of the magnetic pole piece 17) is the skew portion 21 similar to that of the first embodiment.
- the circumferential dimension of both end portions in the axial direction of the pole piece 17 is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the intermediate portion in the axial direction of the pole piece 17.
- Each pole piece protrusion 31 protrudes toward the rotor cylinder portion 15 from both circumferential ends at both axial ends of the pole piece 17. In this example, the magnetic pole piece protrusion 31 is not provided in the intermediate portion in the axial direction of each magnetic pole piece 17.
- Each pole piece 17 is produced by pressing a steel plate. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 5 FIG.
- the pair of magnetic pole piece protrusions 31 are provided only at both ends in the axial direction of the magnetic pole piece 17, but the pair of magnetic pole piece protrusions 31 are arranged in the entire range of the magnetic pole piece 17 in the axial direction of the rotor 3. You may arrange
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotating electrical machine according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG.
- the magnetic pole piece 17 is provided with a pair of magnetic pole piece protrusions 31 that sandwich the permanent magnet 16 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- Each magnetic pole piece protrusion 31 protrudes from the magnetic pole piece 17 toward the rotor cylinder portion 15. Further, each magnetic pole piece protrusion 31 is arranged over the entire range of the magnetic pole piece 17 in the axial direction of the rotor 3 along both side surfaces of the permanent magnet 16. Further, in the magnetic pole piece 17, the magnetic pole piece protrusions 31 are arranged on the inner side of the range of the symmetric portions 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a rotor 3 of a rotary electric machine according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIG.
- the skew portion 21 has a pair of symmetrical portions 22 that are continuous with the skew reference plane S1 as a boundary.
- the pair of symmetric portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1 and asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1 by making the shape of the portion of each symmetric portion 22 on the stator 2 side asymmetrical.
- the cross-sectional shape of the symmetrical portion 22 in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 3 is the same at any position in the axis direction of the rotor 3.
- both end portions of one symmetric portion 22 exist at the same position as both end portions of the other symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- both end portions of the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are arranged on two parallel straight lines along the axial direction of the rotor 3 as shown in FIG.
- the circumferential dimension Wy of each symmetric part 22 is larger than the circumferential dimension Wm of the permanent magnet 16.
- Each symmetrical portion 22 is superimposed on the permanent magnet 16 in a state in which both end portions protrude evenly from the permanent magnet 16 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- each symmetric part 22 includes a first stator facing surface 41, a second stator facing surface 42, a third stator facing surface 43, and first and second stator facing surfaces 41, 42.
- a ridge line portion 44 that exists at the boundary between them and a valley line portion 45 that exists at the boundary between the second and third stator facing surfaces 42 and 43 are formed.
- Both the ridge line portion 44 and the valley line portion 45 are formed along the axial direction of the rotor 3 at positions shifted in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 from the center line of the symmetric portion 22. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, the ridge line portion 44 is formed within the range of the permanent magnet 16 when the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 is viewed along the radial direction of the rotor 3. The valley portion 45 is formed outside the range of the permanent magnet 16 when the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 is viewed along the radial direction of the rotor 3.
- the ridge line portion 44 is a curved surface that smoothly connects the first and second stator facing surfaces 41, 42, and the valley line portion 45 extends between the second and third stator facing surfaces 42, 43. It is a curved surface that connects smoothly.
- the first stator facing surface 41 is formed at one end in the circumferential direction of the symmetric portion 22, and the third stator facing surface 43 is formed at the other circumferential end of the symmetric portion 22.
- the second stator facing surface 42 is formed between the first and third stator facing surfaces 41 and 43.
- the symmetric part 22 is formed with a pole piece thick part 46 in which the first stator facing surface 41 is formed and a third stator facing surface 43, and is thinner than the pole piece thick part 46.
- the first stator facing surface 41 is an arcuate surface along the inner peripheral surface of the stator 2. Thereby, the thickness of the magnetic pole piece thick part 46 is continuously reduced toward the circumferential end of the symmetric part 22.
- the third stator facing surface 43 is parallel to the back surface of the symmetrical portion 22 (the surface on the permanent magnet 16 side). Thereby, the thickness of the magnetic pole piece thin part 47 is a uniform thickness.
- the second stator facing surface 42 is inclined with respect to the back surface of the symmetrical portion 22 from the first stator facing surface 41 toward the third stator facing surface 43.
- the thickness of the symmetrical portion 22 is the largest at the position of the ridge line portion 44 and the smallest at the pole piece thin portion 47. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the pole piece 17 can be step-skewed, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Obtainable.
- both end portions of one symmetric portion 22 exist at the same position as both end portions of the other symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. 3, the magnetic flux leakage between the magnetic pole pieces 17 and the permanent magnets 16 can be suppressed at any position in the axial direction of the rotor 3. Thereby, reduction of the torque of the rotary electric machine 1 can be suppressed.
- the pole piece Since the ridge line part 44 is formed in the circumferential direction intermediate part of each symmetry part 22, and the circumferential direction edge part of each symmetry part 22 is made into the magnetic pole piece thin part 47, when it sees as the pole piece 17 whole, the pole piece It is possible to make the magnetic resistance at both ends in the circumferential direction of 17 greater than the magnetic resistance at the intermediate portion in the circumferential direction of the pole piece 17. Thereby, the amount of leakage magnetic flux between the rotor magnetic pole portions 14 can be reduced, and the torque of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be further improved.
- Embodiment 7 FIG.
- the first to third stator facing surfaces 41 to 43, the ridge line portion 44, and the valley line portion 45 are formed in the portion on the stator 2 side of the magnetic pole piece 17, but the first and first The second stator facing surfaces 41 and 42 and the ridge line portion 44 existing at the boundary between the first and second stator facing surfaces 41 and 42 are formed on the portion of the magnetic pole piece 17 on the stator 2 side.
- the stator facing surface 43 and the valley line portion 45 may be eliminated.
- FIG. 17 is a sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotating electrical machine according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XVII-XVII in FIG.
- the pole piece 17 has a pole piece thick portion 46 where the first stator facing surface 41 is formed and a pole piece thickness changing portion 48 where the second stator facing surface 42 is formed.
- the third stator facing surface 43 and the valley line portion 45 are not formed in the portion on the stator 2 side of each symmetrical portion 22, and the pole piece 17 does not have the pole piece thin portion 47.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the sixth embodiment.
- the magnetic pole piece 17 does not have the magnetic pole piece thin portion 47, the size of the magnetic pole piece 17 protruding from the permanent magnet 16 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 is shortened by the size of the magnetic pole piece thin portion 47. Thus, the amount of leakage magnetic flux between the rotor magnetic pole portions 14 can be reduced. As a result, the torque of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be further improved.
- Embodiment 8 FIG.
- the ridge line portion 44 and the valley line portion 45 are formed in the portion on the stator 2 side of the symmetric portion 22 along the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the portion 44 and the valley line portion 45 may be formed to be inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- FIG. 19 is a sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotating electrical machine according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIX-XIX in FIG.
- the ridge line portion 44 and the valley line portion 45 formed in the portion on the stator 2 side of each symmetrical portion 22 are formed to be inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the ridge line portion 44 and the valley line portion 45 are parallel to each other.
- each ridge line portion 44 formed in each symmetric portion 22 passes through the skew reference line L1. Accordingly, each ridge line portion 44 is continuous between the pair of symmetrical portions 22 and is formed on a single straight line that is inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3. That is, the skew portion 21 is a so-called continuous skew.
- the angle formed by two straight lines connecting one end and the other end of the ridge line portion 44 and the axis of the rotor 3 when viewed along the axial direction of the rotor 3 is the skew angle ⁇ . Is shown as Other configurations are the same as those of the sixth embodiment.
- the ridge line portions 44 formed in the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3, so that the stator 2 passes through the permanent magnet 16 or the magnetic pole piece 17.
- the phase of the flowing magnetic flux in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 can be continuously shifted, and the torque waveform can be continuously shifted in the circumferential direction and superimposed. Thereby, the torque ripple of the rotary electric machine 1 can be further reduced.
- FIG. 21 is a graph showing the relationship between the skew angle ⁇ and the skew coefficient when the magnetic pole piece 17 of FIG. 20 is used for the rotor 3.
- higher-order torque ripple components can be simultaneously reduced at the same skew angle.
- FIG. 22 is a cross sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotary electric machine 1 according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a sectional view taken along line XXII-XXII in FIG.
- the pole piece 17 is a skew portion 21 having a pair of symmetrical portions 22 that are continuous with the skew reference plane S1 as a boundary.
- the pair of symmetric portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1, and are asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1.
- both end portions of one symmetric portion 22 are shifted from both end portions of the other symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- end faces parallel to each other are formed which are inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- End faces formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of each symmetric portion 22 are continuous between the pair of symmetric portions 22. Accordingly, both end portions in the circumferential direction of the skew portion 21 are inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3 without forming a step at the position of the skew reference plane S1. That is, the skew portion 21 is a so-called continuous skew.
- Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the skew portion 21 is a continuous skew, it is possible to reduce the higher-order torque ripple component as compared with the case where the skew portion 21 is a step skew.
- FIG. FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the tenth embodiment.
- FIG. 25 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXIV-XXIV in FIG.
- the skew portion 21 has a pair of symmetrical portions 22 that are continuous with the skew reference plane S1 as a boundary.
- the pair of symmetric portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1 and asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1 by making the shape of the portion of each symmetric portion 22 on the stator 2 side asymmetrical.
- each symmetrical portion 22 in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 3 is the same at any position in the axis direction of the rotor 3.
- both end portions of one symmetric portion 22 exist at the same position as both end portions of the other symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. That is, both ends of the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are arranged on two parallel straight lines along the axial direction of the rotor 3 as shown in FIG.
- the circumferential dimension of each symmetrical portion 22 is larger than the circumferential dimension of the permanent magnet 16.
- Each symmetrical portion 22 is superimposed on the permanent magnet 16 in a state in which both end portions protrude evenly from the permanent magnet 16 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- a groove 51 having a depth in the thickness direction of the symmetric portion 22 is formed in the portion of each symmetric portion 22 on the stator 2 side along the axial direction of the rotor 3. Thereby, the thickness of the portion of the symmetric portion 22 where the groove 51 is formed is thinner than the thickness of the other portion of the symmetric portion 22.
- the groove 51 is formed at a position shifted in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 from the center line of the symmetrical portion 22 that passes through the skew reference line L1. In this example, the groove 51 is provided in the entire range of the symmetrical portion 22 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- the magnetic pole piece 17 can be step-skewed by forming the groove 51 in the portion on the stator 2 side of each symmetrical portion 22 along the axial direction of the rotor 3, and the same as in the first embodiment. An effect can be obtained.
- both end portions of one symmetric portion 22 exist at the same position as both end portions of the other symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. 3
- the magnetic flux leakage between the magnetic pole pieces 17 and the permanent magnets 16 can be suppressed at any position in the axial direction of the rotor 3. Thereby, reduction of the torque of the rotary electric machine 1 can be suppressed.
- Embodiment 11 FIG.
- the groove 51 is formed in the portion of the symmetrical portion 22 on the stator 2 side along the axial direction of the rotor 3, but the groove 51 is formed in the portion of the symmetrical portion 22 on the stator 2 side. You may incline in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to a direction.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotating electrical machine according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXVI-XXVI in FIG.
- a groove 51 that is inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3 is formed in a portion of each symmetrical portion 22 on the stator 2 side.
- the groove 51 formed in each symmetric part 22 passes through the skew reference line L1.
- each groove 51 is continuous between the pair of symmetrical portions 22 and is formed on one straight line that is inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3. That is, the skew portion 21 is a so-called continuous skew.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the tenth embodiment.
- the grooves 51 formed in the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3, and thus flow to the stator 2 through the permanent magnet 16 or the pole piece 17.
- the phase of the magnetic flux in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 can be continuously shifted, and the torque waveform can be continuously shifted in the circumferential direction and superimposed.
- the torque ripple of the rotary electric machine 1 can be further reduced.
- the skew portion 21 is a continuous skew, a higher-order torque ripple component can be reduced as compared to the case where the skew portion 21 is a step skew.
- FIG. FIG. 28 is a cross sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotary electric machine 1 according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 28 is a sectional view taken along line XXVIII-XXVIII in FIG.
- the pole piece 17 has a pair of skew portions 21 that are continuous with a skew boundary surface S2 that is a virtual plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 3 as a boundary.
- Each skew portion 21 has a pair of symmetrical portions 22 that are continuous with the skew reference plane S1 as a boundary.
- the pole piece 17 is provided with a pair of skew reference surfaces S1 and a skew boundary surface S2 that exists at the center position between the pair of skew reference surfaces S1.
- the pair of skew portions 21 are symmetric with respect to the skew boundary surface S2.
- the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1, and are asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1.
- the configuration of each skew portion 21 is the same as that in the first embodiment. Therefore, when viewed along the radial direction of the rotor 3, the shape of each symmetric portion 22 is rectangular, and both circumferential ends of the pair of symmetric portions 22 are shifted from each other in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. Further, end surfaces formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of each symmetric portion 22 are formed along the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the pair of skew portions 21 are symmetric with respect to the skew boundary surface S ⁇ b> 2, and in each skew portion 21, the pair of symmetric portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L ⁇ b> 1. Since the reference plane S1 is asymmetrical, the phase of the magnetic flux flowing from the permanent magnet 16 through the magnetic pole piece 17 to the stator 2 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 can be shifted by each of the skew portions 21. The torque waveforms can be superposed while being shifted in the circumferential direction in each of 21. As a result, torque ripple can be further reduced.
- a thrust force that is a component in the axial direction of the rotor 3 is generated by each skew portion 21, and the thrust force directions are opposite to each other with the skew boundary surface S 2 as a boundary.
- the force concerning the support for example, bearing 7 and housing 4 etc.
- size reduction of rotary electric machine 1 can be attained.
- Embodiment 13 FIG.
- end faces along the axial direction of the rotor 3 are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of each symmetric part 22 when viewed along the radial direction of the rotor 3.
- End surfaces formed at both ends in the direction may be inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- FIG. 30 is a sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XXX-XXX in FIG.
- the pair of skew portions 21 are symmetric with respect to the skew boundary surface S2.
- the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1, and are asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1.
- the configuration of each skew unit 21 is the same as the configuration of the skew unit 21 of the ninth embodiment.
- end faces that are inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3 are formed at both ends in the circumferential direction of each symmetric part 22.
- the magnetic pole piece 17 is viewed along the radial direction of the rotor 3, as shown in FIG. 31, one of the two symmetric portions 22 close to the skew boundary surface S2 among the four symmetric portions 22 in each skew portion 21.
- the other two symmetrical portions 22 apart from the skew boundary surface S2 are shifted in opposite directions with respect to the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the twelfth embodiment.
- each skew part 21 is made into continuous skew by inclining the end surface formed in the circumferential direction both ends of the symmetrical part 22 to the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3, the skew boundary surface S2 As a boundary, the direction of the thrust force generated in the rotor 3 can be reversed, and the thrust force can be canceled out. Thereby, size reduction of the rotary electric machine 1 can be achieved. In addition, it is possible to reduce higher-order torque ripple by making each skew portion 21 a continuous skew.
- FIG. 32 is a cross sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotary electric machine 1 according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 32 is a sectional view taken along line XXXII-XXXII in FIG.
- the pair of skew portions 21 are symmetric with respect to the skew boundary surface S2.
- the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1, and are asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1.
- the configuration of each skew unit 21 is the same as the configuration of the skew unit 21 of the tenth embodiment.
- a groove 51 along the axial direction of the rotor 3 is formed in a portion of each symmetrical portion 22 on the stator 2 side. Further, the groove 51 is formed at a position shifted in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 from the center line of the symmetrical portion 22 passing through the skew reference line L1. Further, in the skew portion 21, both end portions of one symmetric portion 22 exist at the same position as both end portions of the other symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the magnetic pole piece 17 can also be step-skewed by forming the groove 51 in the portion on the stator 2 side of each symmetric portion 22 along the axial direction of the rotor 3. An effect can be obtained. Further, the direction of the thrust force generated in the rotor 3 with the skew boundary surface S2 as a boundary can be reversed, and the thrust force can be canceled out. Thereby, size reduction of the rotary electric machine 1 can be achieved.
- FIG. 34 is a cross sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotary electric machine 1 according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 35 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XXXIV-XXXIV in FIG.
- the pair of skew portions 21 are symmetric with respect to the skew boundary surface S2.
- the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1, and are asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1.
- each skew unit 21 is the same as the configuration of the skew unit 21 of the eleventh embodiment. That is, a groove 51 that is inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3 is formed in a portion on the stator 2 side of each symmetrical portion 22. Each groove 51 is continuous between the pair of symmetrical portions 22 and between the pair of skew portions 21. Further, in the skew portion 21, both end portions of one symmetric portion 22 exist at the same position as both end portions of the other symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. When the magnetic pole piece 17 is viewed along the radial direction of the rotor 3, as shown in FIG.
- the magnetic pole piece 17 can be continuously skewed by forming the groove 51 in the portion on the stator 2 side of each symmetrical portion 22 so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the axial direction of the rotor 3.
- the same effects as those of the eleventh embodiment can be obtained.
- the direction of the thrust force generated in the rotor 3 with the skew boundary surface S2 as a boundary can be reversed, and the thrust force can be canceled out. Thereby, size reduction of the rotary electric machine 1 can also be achieved.
- FIG. 36 is a cross sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotary electric machine 1 according to the sixteenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 37 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XXXVI-XXXVI in FIG.
- the pair of skew portions 21 are symmetric with respect to the skew boundary surface S2.
- the pair of symmetrical portions 22 are formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1, and are asymmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1.
- each skew unit 21 is the same as the configuration of the skew unit 21 of the sixth embodiment. That is, the first stator facing surface 41, the second stator facing surface 42, the third stator facing surface 43, and the first and second stator facing surfaces 41 are provided on the stator 2 side portion of each symmetric part 22. , 42, and a ridge line portion 44 existing at the boundary between the second and third stator facing surfaces 42, 43 are formed. Both the ridge line portion 44 and the valley line portion 45 are formed along the axial direction of the rotor 3 at positions shifted from the center line of the symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. In the skew portion 21, both end portions of one symmetric portion 22 exist at the same position as both end portions of the other symmetric portion 22 in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3.
- the magnetic pole piece 17 When the magnetic pole piece 17 is viewed along the radial direction of the rotor 3, as shown in FIG. 37, one of the two ridge line portions 44 close to the skew boundary surface S2 among the four ridge line portions 44 in each skew portion 21. And the other two ridge line portions 44 apart from the skew boundary surface S2 are shifted in opposite directions with respect to the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. Further, the four valley line portions 45 in each skew portion 21 are also composed of one two valley line portions 45 close to the skew boundary surface S2 and the other two valley line portions 45 apart from the skew boundary surface S2. The circumferential direction of the rotor 3 is shifted in opposite directions. Other configurations are the same as those of the twelfth embodiment.
- the pole piece 17 can be step-skewed by forming the ridge line part 44 and the valley line part 45 along the axial direction of the rotor 3 in the portion of the symmetrical part 22 on the stator 2 side.
- the effect similar to the form 6 of this can be acquired.
- the direction of the thrust force generated in the rotor 3 with the skew boundary surface S2 as a boundary can be reversed, and the thrust force can be canceled out. Thereby, size reduction of the rotary electric machine 1 can also be achieved.
- FIG. FIG. 38 is a cross sectional view showing a main part of the rotor 3 of the rotary electric machine 1 according to the seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a top view showing the rotor magnetic pole portion 14 of FIG.
- FIG. 38 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXXVIII-XXXVIII in FIG.
- the pole piece 17 has a pair of symmetrical portions 22 that are continuous with the skew reference plane S1 as a boundary.
- the pair of symmetric portions 22 is formed symmetrically with respect to the skew reference line L1, and is also symmetric with respect to the skew reference plane S1. Therefore, in this example, neither the pole piece 17 nor the permanent magnet 16 is skewed.
- the shape of each symmetric part 22 when viewing the magnetic pole piece 17 along the radial direction of the rotor 3 is rectangular.
- each pole piece 17 is an arc shape having a smaller radius of curvature than the arc shape centered on the axis of the rotor 3. Thereby, the dimension of the space between the inner peripheral surface 55 of the stator 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic pole piece 17 is continuously increased from the center of the magnetic pole piece 17 toward both ends in the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. .
- Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
- Embodiment 18 FIG.
- the rotating electrical machine 1 according to any of the first to 17th embodiments may be applied to an elevator hoist.
- FIG. 40 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an elevator hoisting machine to which the rotating electric machine according to the eighteenth embodiment of the present invention is applied.
- the elevator hoisting machine has a motor 71 which is a rotating electrical machine similar to that of the first embodiment, and a driving sheave 72 rotated by the driving force of the motor 71.
- the drive sheave 72 is rotatably supported on the support shaft 6 via the bearing 7.
- the drive sheave 72 is formed integrally with the rotor yoke 13.
- the material constituting the drive sheave 72 and the rotor yoke 13 is cast iron.
- the drive sheave 72 is provided at a position outside the range of the stator 2 in the axial direction of the support shaft 6.
- the drive sheave 72 and the rotor 3 are integrally rotated about the axis of the support shaft 6 by energizing the stator coil 9.
- a plurality of main rope grooves 73 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the drive sheave 72 along the circumferential direction of the drive sheave 72.
- a plurality of main ropes for suspending a car and a counterweight (both not shown) are wound around the drive sheave 72 along each main rope groove 73.
- the car and the counterweight are moved up and down in the hoistway by the rotation of the drive sheave 72.
- a brake device 74 that applies a braking force to the drive sheave 72 and the rotor 3 is provided inside the rotor cylinder portion 15.
- the brake device 74 has a brake shoe (not shown) that can be displaced in the radial direction of the rotor 3 with respect to the rotor cylinder portion 15.
- the brake device 74 applies a braking force to the drive sheave 72 and the rotor 3 by bringing the brake shoe into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the rotor cylinder portion 15, and releases the brake shoe from the rotor cylinder portion 15. Release the braking force against.
- the iron loss W generated in the rotary electric machine 1 applied to the elevator hoisting machine is represented by the sum of the hysteresis loss Wh and the vortex loss We. That is, the iron loss W is expressed by the formula (8).
- the hysteresis loss W h is proportional to the iron loss coefficient k h , the magnetic flux density B flowing in the magnetic body such as the pole piece 17 to the nh power, the electrical angular frequency f of the rotor 3, and the mass M, respectively. Furthermore, Uzuson W e are iron loss coefficient k e, th power ne of the magnetic flux density B, multiply nf the electrical angle frequency f of the rotor 3, respectively proportional to the mass M. Therefore, the hysteresis loss W h is represented by the formula (9), Uzuson W e can be expressed by Equation (10).
- the vortex loss We is proportional to the electric angular frequency f to the nf power, and the value of nf is usually 1.7 to 2. Therefore, the electric angular frequency f of the rotor 3 is It can be seen that the eddy loss W e becomes dominant in the iron loss W as the value increases.
- FIG. 41 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of the iron loss generated in the magnetic pole piece 17 of FIG. 40 to the iron loss of the entire hoisting machine and the electrical angular frequency f of the rotor 3.
- the electrical angular frequency representing the rotational speed of the rotor 3 of the hoisting machine is suppressed to about 260 [Hz] or less
- the vortex loss generated in the magnetic pole piece 17 becomes the iron loss of the entire hoisting machine.
- the pole piece 17 is not a laminated body of magnetic plates but a single piece made of the same magnetic material, the temperature rise of the entire hoisting machine can be suppressed, so that a single plate material that is not a laminated body is plastically processed. Thus, the pole piece 17 can be easily manufactured. Moreover, since the iron loss of the whole winding machine of FIG. 41 is equal to the iron loss which generate
- the rotating electric machine similar to that of the first embodiment is used as the motor 71 of the hoisting machine, but the rotating electric machine similar to any one of the second to seventeenth embodiments is used as the motor 71 of the hoisting machine. Also good.
- the circumferential dimension Wy of the magnetic pole piece 17 is not smaller than the circumferential dimension Wm of the permanent magnet 16, but the circumferential dimension Wy of the magnetic pole piece 17 is set to the circumference of the permanent magnet 16. It may be smaller than the directional dimension Wm (Wy ⁇ Wm).
- the circumferential dimension Wy of the magnetic pole piece 17 is larger than the circumferential dimension Wm of the permanent magnet 16 (Wy> Wm).
- the outer peripheral surface of the pole piece 17 is an arc-shaped surface.
- the outer peripheral surface of the pole piece 17 is made flat to provide a magnetic pole piece.
- the shape of the piece 17 may be a flat plate shape.
- the pair of magnetic pole piece protrusions 31 in the fourth or fifth embodiment are provided on the magnetic pole piece 17, thereby positioning the magnetic pole piece 17 in the circumferential direction with respect to the permanent magnet 16. You may go.
- the pole piece 17 is a single piece made of the same magnetic material.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of partial pieces each made of a magnetic material are combined.
- the formed composite piece may be used as the pole piece 17.
- the plurality of rotor yoke protrusions 18 are provided on the rotor yoke 13, but the rotor yoke protrusions 18 may not be provided as long as each permanent magnet 16 is not displaced with respect to the rotor yoke 13. .
- the present invention is applied to an inner rotor type rotating electrical machine in which the outer periphery of the rotor 3 is surrounded by the annular stator 2. You may apply this invention to a rotary electric machine.
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Abstract
Description
実施の形態1.
図1は、この発明の実施の形態1による回転電機を示す縦断面図である。また、図2は、図1のII-II線に沿った断面図である。さらに、図3は、図2のロータを示す断面図である。図において、回転電機1は、円環状のステータ2と、ステータ2の内側に配置され、ステータ2に対して回転可能なロータ3と、ステータ2及びロータ3を支持するハウジング4とを有している。
実施の形態1では、スキュー部21が、ロータ3の軸線方向について一対の対称部22によって2段の段スキューとなっているが、一対の対称部22によってスキュー部21をロータ3の軸線方向について3段の段スキューとしてもよい。
図10は、この発明の実施の形態3による回転電機1のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。図10において、各磁極片17の形状は、永久磁石16の厚さよりも薄い均一の厚さを持つ平板状とされている。これにより、各磁極片17の永久磁石16側の面及びステータ2側の面がいずれも平面となっている。他の構成は図4と同様である。
図11は、この発明の実施の形態4による回転電機のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。また、図12は、図11のロータ磁極部14を示す上面図である。なお、図11は、図12のXI-XI線に沿った断面図となっている。図において、ロータ3の軸線方向についての磁極片17の両端部(磁極片17の軸線方向両端部)には、ロータ3の周方向について永久磁石16を挟む一対の磁極片突起31が1組ずつ設けられている。また、ロータ3の軸線方向についての磁極片17の中間部(磁極片17の軸線方向中間部)は、実施の形態1と同様のスキュー部21とされている。磁極片17の軸線方向両端部の周方向寸法は、磁極片17の軸線方向中間部の周方向寸法よりも小さくなっている。各磁極片突起31は、磁極片17の軸線方向両端部における周方向両端部から、ロータ筒部15に向けてそれぞれ突出している。この例では、各磁極片17の軸線方向中間部には磁極片突起31が設けられていない。各磁極片17は、鋼板に対してプレス加工を行うことにより作製されている。他の構成は実施の形態1と同様である。
実施の形態4では、一対の磁極片突起31が磁極片17の軸方向両端部にのみ設けられているが、一対の磁極片突起31を、ロータ3の軸線方向について、磁極片17の全範囲に亘って配置してもよい。
図15は、この発明の実施の形態6による回転電機のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。また、図16は、図15のロータ磁極部14を示す上面図である。なお、図15は、図16のXV-XV線に沿った断面図である。スキュー部21は、スキュー基準面S1を境界として連続する一対の対称部22を有している。一対の対称部22は、各対称部22のステータ2側の部分の形状を左右非対称にすることにより、スキュー基準線L1に関して対称に形成され、かつスキュー基準面S1に関して非対称となっている。
実施の形態6では、第1~第3のステータ対向面41~43と、稜線部44及び谷線部45とが磁極片17のステータ2側の部分に形成されているが、第1及び第2のステータ対向面41,42と、第1及び第2のステータ対向面41,42間の境界に存在する稜線部44とを磁極片17のステータ2側の部分に形成するだけで、第3のステータ対向面43及び谷線部45をなくしてもよい。
実施の形態6では、稜線部44及び谷線部45がロータ3の軸線方向に沿って対称部22のステータ2側の部分に形成されているが、対称部22のステータ2側の部分に稜線部44及び谷線部45をロータ3の軸線方向に対してロータ3の周方向へ傾斜させて形成してもよい。
図22は、この発明の実施の形態9による回転電機1のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。また、図23は、図22のロータ磁極部14を示す上面図である。なお、図22は、図23のXXII-XXII線に沿った断面図となっている。磁極片17は、スキュー基準面S1を境界として連続する一対の対称部22を有するスキュー部21となっている。一対の対称部22は、スキュー基準線L1に関して対称に形成され、かつスキュー基準面S1に関して非対称となっている。
図24は、実施の形態10による回転電機1のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。また、図25は、図24のロータ磁極部14を示す上面図である。なお、図24は、図25のXXIV-XXIV線に沿った断面図となっている。スキュー部21は、スキュー基準面S1を境界として連続する一対の対称部22を有している。一対の対称部22は、各対称部22のステータ2側の部分の形状を左右非対称にすることにより、スキュー基準線L1に関して対称に形成され、かつスキュー基準面S1に関して非対称となっている。
実施の形態10では、溝51がロータ3の軸線方向に沿って対称部22のステータ2側の部分に形成されているが、対称部22のステータ2側の部分に溝51をロータ3の軸線方向に対してロータ3の周方向へ傾斜させて形成してもよい。
図28は、この発明の実施の形態12による回転電機1のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。また、図29は、図28のロータ磁極部14を示す上面図である。なお、図28は、図29のXXVIII-XXVIII線に沿った断面図となっている。磁極片17は、ロータ3の軸線に対して垂直な仮想平面であるスキュー境界面S2を境界として連続する一対のスキュー部21を有している。各スキュー部21は、スキュー基準面S1を境界として連続する一対の対称部22を有している。従って、磁極片17には、一対のスキュー基準面S1と、一対のスキュー基準面S1間の中央位置に存在するスキュー境界面S2とが設定されている。
実施の形態12では、ロータ3の径方向に沿って見たときの各対称部22の周方向両端部にロータ3の軸線方向に沿った端面が形成されているが、各対称部22の周方向両端部に形成された端面をロータ3の軸線方向に対してロータ3の周方向へ傾斜させてもよい。
図32は、この発明の実施の形態14による回転電機1のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。また、図33は、図32のロータ磁極部14を示す上面図である。なお、図32は、図33のXXXII-XXXII線に沿った断面図となっている。一対のスキュー部21は、スキュー境界面S2に関して対称となっている。各スキュー部21では、一対の対称部22が、スキュー基準線L1に関して対称に形成され、かつスキュー基準面S1に関して非対称となっている。各スキュー部21の構成は、実施の形態10のスキュー部21の構成と同様である。即ち、各対称部22のステータ2側の部分には、ロータ3の軸線方向に沿った溝51が形成されている。また、溝51は、スキュー基準線L1を通る対称部22の中心線からロータ3の周方向へずれた位置に形成されている。さらに、スキュー部21では、ロータ3の周方向について、一方の対称部22の両端部が他方の対称部22の両端部と同位置に存在している。ロータ3の径方向に沿って磁極片17を見たときには、図33に示すように、各スキュー部21における4つの溝51のうち、スキュー境界面S2に近い一方の2つの溝51同士と、スキュー境界面S2から離れた他方の2つの溝51同士とが、ロータ3の周方向について互いに逆方向へずれている。他の構成は実施の形態12と同様である。
図34は、この発明の実施の形態15による回転電機1のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。また、図35は、図34のロータ磁極部14を示す上面図である。なお、図34は、図35のXXXIV-XXXIV線に沿った断面図となっている。一対のスキュー部21は、スキュー境界面S2に関して対称となっている。各スキュー部21では、一対の対称部22が、スキュー基準線L1に関して対称に形成され、かつスキュー基準面S1に関して非対称となっている。
図36は、この発明の実施の形態16による回転電機1のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。また、図37は、図36のロータ磁極部14を示す上面図である。なお、図36は、図37のXXXVI-XXXVI線に沿った断面図となっている。一対のスキュー部21は、スキュー境界面S2に関して対称となっている。各スキュー部21では、一対の対称部22が、スキュー基準線L1に関して対称に形成され、かつスキュー基準面S1に関して非対称となっている。
図38は、この発明の実施の形態17による回転電機1のロータ3の要部を示す断面図である。また、図39は、図38のロータ磁極部14を示す上面図である。なお、図38は、図39のXXXVIII-XXXVIII線に沿った断面図となっている。磁極片17は、スキュー基準面S1を境界として連続する一対の対称部22を有している。一対の対称部22は、スキュー基準線L1に関して対称に形成され、かつスキュー基準面S1に関しても対称となっている。従って、この例では、磁極片17及び永久磁石16がいずれもスキューされていない。この例では、ロータ3の径方向に沿って磁極片17を見たときの各対称部22の形状が矩形状となっている。
上記実施の形態1~17による回転電機1をエレベータ用巻上機に適用してもよい。
Claims (13)
- ステータコアと、上記ステータコアに周方向へ並べられた複数のステータコイルとを有するステータ、及び
径方向について上記ステータに対向するロータヨークと、上記ロータヨークにそれぞれ設けられ、上記ロータヨークと上記ステータとの間の空間で周方向について互いに間隔を置いて配置された複数のロータ磁極部とを有し、上記ステータに対して回転可能なロータ
を備え、
各上記ロータ磁極部は、上記ロータヨークの表面に設けられた永久磁石と、磁性材料により構成され、上記永久磁石の上記ステータ側の面に重なる磁極片とを有し、
上記磁極片は、同一の磁性材料で構成された単一片である回転電機。 - ステータコアと、上記ステータコアに周方向へ並べられた複数のステータコイルとを有するステータ、及び
径方向について上記ステータに対向するロータヨークと、上記ロータヨークにそれぞれ設けられ、上記ロータヨークと上記ステータとの間の空間で周方向について互いに間隔を置いて配置された複数のロータ磁極部とを有し、上記ステータに対して回転可能なロータ
を備え、
各上記ロータ磁極部は、上記ロータヨークの表面に設けられた永久磁石と、磁性材料により構成され、上記永久磁石の上記ステータ側の面に重なる磁極片とを有し、
上記磁極片は、上記ロータの軸線に対して垂直なスキュー基準面を境界として連続する一対の対称部を持つスキュー部を有し、
上記一対の対称部は、上記ロータの軸線と上記スキュー基準面との交点を通り上記スキュー基準面上に存在する直線のうち、上記ロータの周方向についての上記永久磁石の中心を通る直線であるスキュー基準線に関して対称に形成され、かつ上記スキュー基準面に関して非対称となっている回転電機。 - 上記スキュー部では、上記ロータの周方向について、一方の上記対称部の両端部が他方の上記対称部の両端部に対してずれている請求項2に記載の回転電機。
- 上記スキュー部では、上記ロータの周方向について、一方の上記対称部の両端部が他方の上記対称部の両端部と同位置にある請求項2に記載の回転電機。
- 上記対称部の断面形状は、上記ロータの軸線方向についてのどの位置でも同一である請求項2~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の回転電機。
- 上記対称部の上記ステータ側の部分には、第1のステータ対向面及び第2のステータ対向面と、上記第1のステータ対向面及び上記第2のステータ対向面間の境界に形成され、上記ロータの軸線方向に対して上記ロータの周方向へ傾斜する稜線部とが形成されている請求項2~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の回転電機。
- 上記対称部の上記ステータ側の部分には、上記ロータの軸線方向に対して上記ロータの周方向へ傾斜する溝が形成されている請求項2~請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の回転電機。
- 上記磁極片は、上記ロータの軸線に対して垂直なスキュー境界面を境界として連続する一対の上記スキュー部を有し、
一対の上記スキュー部は、上記スキュー境界面に関して対称となっている請求項2~請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の回転電機。 - 上記磁極片には、周方向について上記永久磁石を挟む一対の磁極片突起が設けられている請求項1~請求項8のいずれか一項に記載の回転電機。
- 上記磁極片突起は、上記ロータの軸線方向について、上記永久磁石の全範囲に亘って配置されている請求項9に記載の回転電機。
- 上記磁極片と上記ステータとの間の空間の寸法は、上記ロータの周方向について上記磁極片の両端部に向かって連続的に大きくなっている請求項1~請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の回転電機。
- 上記ロータの回転速度である電気角周波数が260Hz以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の回転電機。
- 請求項1~請求項12のいずれか一項に記載の回転電機であるモータ、及び
上記モータの駆動力により回転される駆動シーブ
を備えているエレベータ用巻上機。
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