WO2014190757A1 - 用脚控制、车身可倾斜三轮摩托车 - Google Patents

用脚控制、车身可倾斜三轮摩托车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014190757A1
WO2014190757A1 PCT/CN2014/000509 CN2014000509W WO2014190757A1 WO 2014190757 A1 WO2014190757 A1 WO 2014190757A1 CN 2014000509 W CN2014000509 W CN 2014000509W WO 2014190757 A1 WO2014190757 A1 WO 2014190757A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sector gear
pawl
arm
swinging
driving
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/000509
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩培洲
Original Assignee
Han Peizhou
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Han Peizhou filed Critical Han Peizhou
Publication of WO2014190757A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014190757A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62KCYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/02Tricycles
    • B62K5/027Motorcycles with three wheels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62KCYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/10Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with means for inwardly inclining the vehicle body on bends

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a motorcycle, particularly a foot control, body tiltable three-wheeled motorcycle.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a foot-controlled, body-tiltable three-wheeled motorcycle with a foot control, which has not only a closed compartment that can shelter from wind and rain, but also a cost. It is lower, and it can also be tilted at a high speed like a two-wheeled motorcycle. Because the front wheel gyro effect is used to achieve the balance control of the vehicle, there is no balance failure during driving, and the body balance can be reliably controlled with the foot when the parking is needed. .
  • the foot control and body tiltable three-wheeled motorcycle of the present invention comprises a left and right tilting body provided with a steering front wheel and a rear body with a rear wheel driven on both sides, and the axle body of the vehicle body passing through the rear side of the rear axle
  • the bearing is connected to the rear frame of the rear body, and a sector gear with a shaft tube as an axis is fixed on the rear frame at the connection between the vehicle body and the rear body, and the vehicle body is fixed on the upper side of the sector gear.
  • An arc-shaped chute frame surrounding the gear on the rear frame, and left and right sides of the sector gear are respectively provided with driving arms which are pivoted to the left and right, and the swinging sides of the driving arms of each side are respectively in the arc
  • the inner ends of the two driving arms are respectively connected with the respective rotating rings on the shaft tube at the bottom of the vehicle body, and are mounted on the driving arms of each side through the axle pin.
  • the drive arm on each side and the pawl on each side are respectively controlled by the left and right balance pedals in the vehicle body via the transmission puller, and can be swinged left and right between the left and right drive arms respectively.
  • a swaying bracket that is angled and allows the two drive arms to rest against the two side stops
  • the swinging side on the two sides of the swinging bracket is in the left and right chutes of the curved chute frame, and the inner end of the swinging bracket is connected with the rotating ring on the shaft tube at the bottom of the vehicle body, and is connected by driving on each side.
  • the tension spring between the arm and the swinging bracket causes the driving arm to abut against the blocking body on both sides of the swinging frame
  • a separating member is further disposed on each side of the swinging frame, and the separating member can move the pawl on the driving arm to move away from the sector gear after the driving arm abuts against the blocking body of the swinging frame
  • swing The yoke is also disposed on the left and right sides of the curved chute frame, and is operated by a returning mechanism composed of a tension spring and a sliding member. After the sliding member is pulled back to the inner position, the stop head passes through the arc.
  • the long slit on the shape chute also drives the swinging bracket back to the intermediate position; on the frame behind the vehicle body, there is a groove-shaped retaining seat facing the sector gear and between the swinging brackets, in the slot shape
  • the block is equipped with a block that can be controlled by the lock lever in the vehicle body. The block is moved by the spring to leave the sector gear. When the lock lever is pulled, the block is driven by the drive cable to insert the latch on the block. In the tooth groove on the sector gear, the vehicle body and the rear body are fixed to each other.
  • left and right steering front wheels are mounted on the front support frame of the vehicle body through the left and right upper and lower swing arms, and the power device is disposed at the rear of the vehicle body.
  • the driving rear wheel, the inner ends of the left and right upper and lower swing arms are respectively hinged on the upper shaft and the lower shaft tube of the front support frame, and the lower shaft tube is installed under the front support frame through bearings
  • the spring damper mounted on each side sway arm is inclined inward, and the upper end is hinged with the upper end of the intermediate vertical arm fixed at the front of the lower shaft tube, and the following shaft tube is fixed on the lower shaft tube as the shaft center
  • the left and right sides of the sector gear are respectively provided with the following shaft tubes as the axis and can be swinged left and right.
  • the driving arm, the swinging side of each side of the driving arm is respectively located in the left and right sliding grooves of the curved chute frame, and the inner ends of the two driving arms are respectively corresponding to the corresponding rotating rings on the sleeve fixed on the front supporting frame Connected, the sleeve is sleeved on the sector gear and the front support frame
  • the pawl on each side is provided with a pawl that can be moved to or away from the sector gear through the shaft pin, and the driving arm on each side and the pawl on the side are respectively driven
  • the pulling member is controlled by the left and right balance pedals at the front of the vehicle body, and between the left and right driving arms, there is a swinging bracket which can swing a certain angle to the left and right and can make the driving arm abut on the two sides of the blocking body
  • the swinging side on the two sides of the swinging bracket is in the left and right chutes on the curved chute frame, and the inner end of the swinging bracket is connected with the wheel ring on the sleeve fixed by the front support frame, and is connected by A tension spring between each side of the driving arm and the swinging bracket causes the driving arm to abut against the blocking body on both sides of the swinging bracket, and a separating member is further disposed on each side of the swinging bracket, and the separating member can be After the driving arm rests on the blocking body of the swinging frame, the pawl on the driving arm is pushed to move away from the sector gear, and the swinging bracket is also disposed on the left and right sides of the curved sliding frame by the tension spring and the sliding block.
  • the long slit on the shape chute also drives the swinging bracket back to the intermediate position;
  • the front support frame is provided with a groove-shaped retaining seat facing the sector gear and between the swinging brackets, and the trough-shaped retaining seat is mounted therein a block that can be controlled by a lock lever in the vehicle body, the block is bounced
  • the spring action is in the position away from the sector gear.
  • the lock lever is pulled, the clamp is driven by the drive cable, and the latches on the block are inserted into the slots on the sector gear, so that the vehicle body and the spring shock absorbers on both sides are
  • the lower shaft tubes supported by the left and right steering front wheels are fixed to each other.
  • the brake lever and the locking lever provided on the vehicle body are mounted on the same shaft seat, and the locking lever can be locked by the ratchet mechanism, and can be set on the same
  • the release button operates the lock lever to be loosened, and the brake lever is formed into an L-shaped cross section to form a side groove for accommodating the lock lever.
  • the card seat provided on the brake lever and the claw therein can be caught in the side groove.
  • the inner locking lever when the brake lever is moved to the outside, the claw can move away from the locking lever with the side of the brake lever to release the brake lever separately; when the brake lever and the locking lever are in the released position,
  • the two pull rods are arranged at an appropriate angle to allow the locking lever to be placed above the brake lever to facilitate the separate movement of the upper locking lever, or to move the lower brake lever upward to move the locking lever through the side slot.
  • the two levers are simultaneously tightened.
  • the driving arm and the pawl thereon can also be arranged such that the ends of the driving pullers connected to the left and right balance pedals on the vehicle body are respectively connected with the driving arms of the corresponding side, and the axle pins of each side driving arm are equipped with one or two Or three pawls, between the spring seat on the drive arm and the corresponding pawl, a spring for moving the pawl toward the sector gear, and when two or three pawls are provided on the drive arm, the pawl heads are The spacing is approximately equal to 1/2 or 1/3 of the spacing of two adjacent tooth shapes on the sector gear, and a convex portion can be formed on the bottom of the provided pawl that can be pushed by the separating member on the corresponding body on both sides of the swinging frame.
  • the driving arm is biased against the corresponding side of the blocking body by the tension spring, the following pawl is pushed by the separating member to move away from the sector gear via the boss on the upper side.
  • the driving arm and the pawl thereon can also be arranged in a second manner, and the ends of the driving pullers connected to the left and right balance pedals on the vehicle body are respectively connected with the driving arms of the corresponding side, and the axle pins of the driving arms on each side are respectively One or two pawls are mounted thereon, and a spring for moving the pawl toward the sector gear is arranged between the spring seat on the driving arm and the corresponding pawl.
  • the separating member on the two sides of the swinging frame is also on the side of the sector gear.
  • the driving arm and the pawl thereon can also be arranged in a third manner, and the ends of the driving pullers connected to the left and right balance pedals on the vehicle body are respectively connected with the short arms on a pawl of the corresponding side driving arm.
  • the separating member disposed on the two sides of the swinging bracket is also located on the side of the sector gear; when the driving arm is biased against the corresponding side of the body by the tension spring, the following pawl passes through the side of the body
  • the stop head is moved away from the sector gear by the corresponding separating member; when the balance pedal is stepped, the short arm on the pawl is driven by the driving pull member to press the pawl against the sector gear.
  • the driving arm and the pawl thereon can also be arranged in a fourth manner, and the ends of the driving pullers connected to the left and right balance pedals on the vehicle body are respectively connected with the horizontal shafts of the corresponding side mounted on the driving arm shaft grooves,
  • the horizontal axis is provided with a cymbal arm, and the two sides of the cymbal arm are respectively connected with the short arms of the two corresponding pawls mounted on the driving arm via the pulling rod, and the distance between the heads of the two pawls is approximately equal to the spacing of two adjacent tooth shapes on the sector gear
  • the left and right check pawls are respectively arranged on the curved chute frames on the left and right sides of the grooved seat between the swinging brackets, and one or The two non-returning pawls are respectively mounted on the respective pawl holders, and the pawls and the pawl holders are respectively mounted on the curved chute brackets on both sides of the trough-shaped retaining seat through the common retaining shafts, when the pawl brackets on each side
  • the pitch of the two check pawl heads is approximately equal to 1/2 of the distance between two adjacent tooth shapes on the sector gear, and is installed between each of the check pawls and the pawl support a spring that moves the pawl head toward the sector gear, and the side rocker arms that extend from the left and right pawl brackets or are connected by the pull rod are spring-loaded to push the rocker arm against the board, through the lower side of the pawl holder
  • the pallet causes the non
  • the corresponding left and right balance pedals are extended, and the pedals on the pedals are relatively freely swingable on the pedals.
  • the pedaling arm on the left or right balance pedal is forced to exceed the spring force of the rocker arm on the pawl holder, the spring of the side is compressed, and the rocker arm that is driven also makes the side pawl
  • the check pawl on the support moves toward the sector gear, and when the pedal force cannot restore the balance of the vehicle body, the vehicle body can be prevented from tilting to the side.
  • a bearing sleeve protrudes from one side or both sides of the differential case of the rear axle housing between the two driving wheels of the rear body.
  • a brake disc is mounted on the bearing sleeve, or a brake disc is mounted on the extension shaft of the drive shaft of the reducer, and the brake disc is braked by a brake caliper provided on the rear axle housing.
  • the foot control and body tiltable three-wheeled motorcycle of the present invention controls the body balance by setting the foot, and matches the running characteristics of the motorcycle with the automobile, so that it not only has a closed comfortable car like a car, The low cost, and still retains the high-speed tilting driving characteristics of the two-wheeled motorcycle, making it particularly suitable for a light and small modern high-performance personal vehicle, which can greatly reduce the fuel consumption of the vehicle.
  • the power unit such as the engine is disposed on the rear vehicle body, and the tiltable vehicle carrying the driver is relatively lightened. Body weight is more conducive to the balance of the driver's driving.
  • controlling the balance of the vehicle body by the foot balance mechanism is more convenient for driving safety.
  • the motorcycle can be driven like a car by locking the car body.
  • the tilting body has substantially no left and right swings, which is not available in ordinary cars, so that the motorcycle of the present invention is more comfortable and easier. Accepted by the driver.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view showing a first embodiment of a foot control and body tiltable three-wheeled motor vehicle according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the pedal balance control mechanism and the joint bearing provided between the vehicle body and the rear body of the motorcycle of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the pedal balance control mechanism of the motorcycle of Fig. 2.
  • 4 is a schematic view showing the overall appearance of a pedal balance control mechanism of a three-wheeled motorcycle of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing a balanced operation operation of the pedal balance control mechanism of the three-wheeled motorcycle of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a second structural view of the pedal balance control mechanism of the three-wheeled motorcycle of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a third structural view of the pedal balance control mechanism of the three-wheeled motorcycle of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a fourth structural view of the pedal balance control mechanism of the three-wheeled motorcycle of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a side elevational view showing a second embodiment of the foot control and body tiltable three-wheeled motor vehicle of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the pedal balance control mechanism and the support bushing provided at the front portion of the vehicle body of the motorcycle of Fig. 9.
  • Figure 11 is a side view showing the structure of a brake lever and a lock lever provided in the three-wheeled motorcycle of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 11
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 11
  • FIG. 14 is a view showing a brake disc mounting position on the rear body of the three-wheeled motorcycle shown in Figure 1. 1 to 5, in a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a three-wheeled motorcycle of the present invention, the motorcycle including a steering front wheel 7
  • the connection structure of the vehicle body 1 and the rear vehicle body 15 is as shown in FIG.
  • the vehicle body 1 is a rear axle frame of the rear axle 15 and the rear bearing frame of the rear axle body 15 through the shaft tube 17 fixed to the bottom side of the rear side thereof. 16 is connected, and the vehicle body 1 is inclined at an angle of at least 50° to the left and right with the shaft tube 17 as an axis, so that the vehicle body is naturally inclined inward during high-speed cornering.
  • the forward extension center line of the shaft tube 17 should be directed to the position where the front wheel 7 is in contact with the road surface, so that the vehicle body 1 is subjected to the impact when the rear wheel 19 is driven by the protrusion on the road surface. The lateral influence is small.
  • a sector gear 36 having a shaft tube 17 as an axis is fixed to the rear frame 16 at the connection between the vehicle body and the rear body (see FIG. 3).
  • the sector gear 36 is fixed to the bearing housing 6 which is welded to the rear frame 16.
  • the clutch mechanism for controlling the vehicle body 1 and the sector gear 36 is as shown in FIG. 3.
  • On the upper side of the sector gear there is provided an arcuate chute frame 42 which is fixed to the rear frame 2 of the vehicle body 1 and surrounds the gear.
  • the left and right sides of the sector gear 36 are respectively provided with drive arms 48 that can swing left and right with the shaft tube 17 as an axis.
  • the swinging sides 49 of the side drive arms are respectively located in the left and right chutes 43 on the curved chute frame 42.
  • the inner ends of the two drive arms are respectively coupled to respective corresponding swivels 50, 61 on the axle tube 17 of the vehicle body so that the drive arm 48 can only swing about the sector gear 36.
  • a pawl 62 that is movable toward or away from the sector gear 36 is mounted on the drive arm 48 on each side by a pivot pin 54.
  • the drive arm 48 on each side and the pawl 62 thereon are respectively received by the drive puller 24 in the vehicle body.
  • the left and right balance pedals 20 are controlled, and the connection control of the balance pedals 20 and the driving arms 48 is as shown in FIG.
  • the swinging bracket 68 on the side stop body 69, the swinging side 68 on the side bracket 69 of the swinging bracket is located in the left and right chutes 43 of the curved chute bracket 42, and the inner end of the swinging bracket and the bottom of the vehicle body
  • the rotating ring 72 on the shaft tube 17 is connected, and the two side stoppers 69 of the swinging bracket 67 are integrally connected by the connecting plate 71, so that the swinging bracket forms an integral structure.
  • the drive arms are biased against the stoppers 69 on both sides of the swinging bracket by a tension spring 60 connected between each of the side drive arms 48 and the swinging bracket 67. on.
  • a separating member 70 is further disposed on each side stopper 69 of the swinging bracket 67, and the stopper can move the pawl 62 on the driving arm after the driving arm 48 abuts against the blocking body 69 of the swinging bracket. Let it exit the sector gear 36.
  • the two driving arms 48 in Fig. 3 are uncontrolled, and the pawls 62 thereon are also separated from the sector gear 36 by the separating members 70 on the side members 69, so that the body 1 is opposite to the rear body.
  • the swinging bracket 67 is also provided on the two sides of the curved chute frame 42 by a returning mechanism constituted by the tension spring 47 and the sliding stopper 45, after the sliding stopper 45 is pulled back to the inner position, The slot 46 passing through the slot 44 on the curved chute 42 also drives the swing bracket 67 back to the intermediate position shown in FIG. After the swinging frame is returned to the intermediate position, as the driving arm 48 resting on the swinging bracket 67 also moves, the balance pedal 20 in the body connected via the driving pull member also returns to the mutually aligned starting position.
  • the frame 2 behind the vehicle body 1 is provided with a groove facing the sector gear 36 and between the swinging brackets 67.
  • the block 38 is provided with a block 39 which can be controlled by the lock lever in the vehicle body.
  • the block 39 is acted upon by the spring 41 to be separated as shown in FIG. The position of the sector gear 36.
  • the block 39 is driven by the drive cable 29 to insert the latch 40 thereon into the slot 37 of the sector gear 36, so that the vehicle body 1 and the rear body 15 are fixed to each other.
  • the car body and the rear car body are locked together, the car body is no longer inclined, which is convenient for the driver to drive on the ice surface and the road speed is very slow.
  • the left and right check pawls 73 are respectively mounted on the arcuate chutes 42 on the left and right sides of the grooved seat 38 between the swinging seats 67, one or two on each side.
  • the check pawls 73 are respectively mounted on the respective pawl holders 74, and the check pawls and the pawl holders are mounted on the curved chute holders 42 on both sides of the grooved seat by a common retaining shaft 76.
  • the pitch of the two pawl heads 80 is approximately equal to 1/2 of the spacing of two adjacent tooth shapes on the sector gear 36, on each side of FIG.
  • Two check pawls 73 are mounted on the pawl holder 74. Between each of the check pawls 73 and the pawl holder 74, a spring 81 for moving the pawl head 80 toward the sector gear 36 is provided, and the side rocker arms 82 projecting from the left and right pawl holders 74 are spring-loaded.
  • the non-return pawl 73 of each side is pulled away from the sector gear 36 by the lower pallet 75 of the pawl holder 74, that is, the state shown in FIG.
  • a cable connecting block 79 is disposed between the two rocker arms 82 of the left and right pawl holders 74.
  • the wire 78 drawn from both sides of the wire connecting block passes through the holes in the side rocker arms 82 and then extends to the corresponding left side.
  • the right balance pedal 20, as shown in Fig. 4, is coupled to the rocker arm 22 on the pedal body 21 that is relatively freely swingable on the balance pedal.
  • the pawls 62 provided on the driving arms 48 on both sides of the curved chute frame 42 have different structural arrangements.
  • the driving pullers connected to the left and right balance pedals 20 on the vehicle body are provided.
  • the ends of 24 are respectively connected to the driving arms 48 on the respective sides, and at least one pawl 62 is mounted on the shaft pin 54 of each side of the driving arm, or two or three pawls are mounted so that when the driving arm is pulled at a small angle , a pawl can be caught in the sector gear 36.
  • a spring 52 is provided between the spring seat 51 on the drive arm 48 and the corresponding pawl 62 to move the pawl toward the sector gear 36.
  • the swinging bracket 67 connected via the tension spring 60 also overcomes the sliding member 45 provided on the side of the curved chute frame 42.
  • the return resistance is accompanied by a swing.
  • the swinging bracket 67 can swing 8 degrees to 10 degrees to the left and right to satisfy the balance control of the vehicle body during driving. Since the left and right driving arms 48 and the two side blocking members 69 on the swinging bracket 67 are respectively disposed on the entire curved chute frame 42, the adjacent side shapes of the driving arm and the swinging bracket and the like are provided. The bulging and shrinking process is performed so that these components can be arranged compactly and have sufficient left and right swing angles.
  • the structure of the pawl 62 on the drive arm 48 shown in Figure 6 is varied based on the pawl structure of Figure 3, in the arrangement of the drive arms 48 on the curved chute 42 and on the left side of the body, The ends of the drive pullers 24 connected to the right balance pedal are respectively connected to the drive arms 48 on the respective sides, and two pawls 62 (or a pawl) are mounted on the axle pins 54 of each side drive arm on the drive arm 48. Between the spring seat 51 and the corresponding pawl 62 is mounted a spring 52 for moving the pawl toward the sector gear 36 (see See Figure 3).
  • the pitch of the two pawl heads 63 is approximately equal to 1/2 of the pitch of two adjacent tooth shapes on the sector gear 36, in the two pawls (or one) provided
  • An outer side surface is formed with a projecting head 65 projecting from the side of the sector gear 36.
  • the separating member 70 provided on the side stopper body 69 of the swinging bracket is also located at the side of the sector gear 36.
  • FIG. 7 A third different pawl configuration is shown in Figure 7, which shows that the ends of the drive pullers 24 associated with the left and right balance pedals on the body are respectively associated with a pawl of the respective side drive arm 48.
  • the short arms 66 on the 62 are connected to allow the drive puller to directly control the pawl.
  • a projecting head 65 projecting on the side of the sector gear 36 is formed, and the separating member 70 correspondingly disposed on the side stoppers 69 of the swinging bracket 67 is also located in the sector gear 36. The side.
  • Figure 8 shows a modified pawl arrangement based on the pawl of Figure 7, as shown in Figure 8, the ends of the drive pullers 24 associated with the left and right balance pedals on the body respectively and the respective sides
  • the transverse shaft 56 mounted on the drive arm shaft groove 55 is connected to the horizontal shaft, and the two sides of the arm are respectively supported by the tie rods 58, 59 and the two corresponding pawls 62 of the drive arm 48.
  • the short arms 66 are connected, and the pitch of the two pawl heads 63 is approximately equal to 1/2 of the pitch of two adjacent tooth shapes on the sector gear 36, and the outer side faces of the two pawls 62 are also formed with extensions.
  • the separating member 70 correspondingly provided on the side stoppers 69 of the swinging bracket is also divided into two on the both sides of the sector gear 36.
  • the driving arm 48 is acted upon by the tension spring 60 against the blocking body 69 on the corresponding side, the two pawls 62 that follow are simultaneously moved by the corresponding two side blocking members 70 to the sector.
  • Gear 36 as shown in the state of Figure 8.
  • the two pull rods 58 and 59 on the two pawls 62 are simultaneously driven by the drive pull member 24, the horizontal shaft 56, the cymbal arm 57 and the two pull rods 58 and 59 on the cymbal arm, so that the two pawls 62 can be simultaneously Pressed toward the sector gear 36.
  • the pitch of the two pawl heads is smaller than the adjacent tooth-shaped pitch on the sector gear, only one of the two pawls pressed against the sector gear 36 can be inserted into the slot on the sector gear 36. .
  • the balancing pedal is stepped a small distance to cause a pawl on the driving arm to catch the sector gear, and because the pawl is directly driven by the pedaling force, It is also faster and more reliable when controlling the body balance. Since the two pawls 62 on the drive arm 48 are relatively driven by the jaws 57, the radial dimension of the structure is relatively increased, and the pawls of the side check pawls 73 provided between the swing brackets 67 are also provided.
  • the bracket 74 is connected to the corresponding swing arm 82 on each side via a tie rod 83.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are side elevation views of a three-wheeled motorcycle according to a second embodiment of the present invention, on the front support frame 3 of the body 1 of such a motorcycle, respectively, through the left and right sides,
  • the left and right steering front wheels 7 are attached to the lower swing arms 8, 10, and the rear wheels 19 are driven by the power unit at the rear of the vehicle body 1.
  • the inner ends of the left and right upper and lower swing arms 8, 10 on the outside of which are provided with the steering front wheel 7 are respectively hinged to the upper shaft 9 and the lower shaft tube 11 on the front support frame 3 by bearings, and the lower shaft
  • the tube is again mounted on the underside of the front support frame 3 via bearings 18, and the intermediate damper 13 mounted on each of the lower sway arms 10 is inclined inwardly, and the upper intermediate arm 12 is fixed at the upper end thereof and the front portion of the lower shaft tube 11.
  • the upper end is hinged.
  • a sector gear 36 having a shaft tube as a shaft center is fixed on the lower shaft tube 11, and an arcuate chute frame 42 surrounding the gear is fixed on the upper side of the sector gear on the upper side of the sector gear, in the sector gear
  • the left and right sides are respectively provided with left and right swinging driving arms 48 (see FIG. 3), wherein the swinging sides of the driving arms of each side are respectively on the left and right sides of the curved chute frame 42.
  • the inner ends of the two drive arms are respectively connected to the respective swivels 50, 61 on the sleeve 4 fixed on the front support frame 3.
  • the sleeve 4 is placed on the lower shaft tube 11 between the sector gear and the front support frame, and the two are not in contact with each other.
  • the inner end of the swing bracket 67 provided between the two drive arms 48 is connected to the swivel 72 on the sleeve 4 to which the front support frame 3 is fixed.
  • the front support frame 3 is provided with a groove shape facing the sector gear 36 and between the swinging brackets 67.
  • a stopper 38 (see Fig. 3) is provided with a block 39 which is controllable by a lock lever in the vehicle body 1, and the block is biased by the spring 41 at a position away from the sector gear.
  • the universal joint 87 connected to the inner steering wheel of the vehicle body 1 is controlled by the steering shaft 85 passing through the lower shaft pipe 11 and the steering arm 86 at the front end of the steering shaft to control the left and right steering front wheels.
  • the lock lever is provided to prevent the left and right tilt of the vehicle body.
  • the brake lever required for braking should also be set. Since the width of the body of the motorcycle is narrow, in order to arrange the two levers for locking and braking required, as shown in FIG. 11, the brake lever 30 and the locking lever 25 are installed on the same shaft seat 35. Upper, the lock lever 25 can be locked by the ratchet mechanism 27, and the lock lever can be released by the release button 26 provided thereon.
  • the brake lever 30 is formed into an L-shaped cross section to form a side groove 31 accommodating the lock lever 25, and the card seat 32 provided on the brake lever 30 and the claw 33 therein can catch the lock lever inserted into the side groove 31. 25.
  • the brake lever 30 is moved to the outside (as indicated by the arrow 28 in Fig. 13)
  • the claw 33 on the cartridge 32 can be moved away from the lock lever 25 with the side of the brake lever so that the brake lever 30 can be released separately.
  • both the brake lever 30 and the lock lever 25 are in the release position, the two levers are staggered at an appropriate angle, and the lock lever is placed at a position above the brake lever, as shown in FIG. The remaining distance allows the driver to easily move the upper locking lever 25 upward.
  • the lower brake lever 30 can be moved upward as indicated by an arrow 34 in Fig. 12, and the two pull rods can be simultaneously tightened by the side groove 31 to lock the two pull rods, and locked by the ratchet mechanism 27 via the lock lever 25.
  • each vehicle has three wheels, the front and rear wheels are arranged in different ways, but the braking requirements for the vehicle are substantially the same, that is, the figure
  • the two driving rear wheels 19 of the motorcycle and the two steering front wheels 7 of the motorcycle of Fig. 2 are braked in the driving, and the braking force generated on the wheels on both sides must be equal regardless of the road surface. To prevent the car body from being tilted in a balanced state.
  • the two-drive rear wheel braking mode suitable for the motorcycle of Fig. 1 is as shown in Fig. 14, on the differential case 89 in the rear axle housing 88 between the rear body and the two driving rear wheels 19, from one side thereof ( Or two sides) a bearing sleeve 90 is extended outward, and a brake disc 91 is mounted on the bearing sleeve. If not so arranged, a brake disc (not shown) may be mounted on the extension shaft 94 of the decelerator drive shaft 93, and the brake disc 91 may be braked by a brake caliper 92 provided on the rear axle housing 88.
  • the braking force is transmitted to the rear wheels of the two sides via the differential, and if the rear wheel is driven to vibrate or is on the ice surface and loses the braking force, the difference is caused by the middle.
  • the speed of the drive, the drive wheel on the other side will also have no braking force, so that the two drive rear wheels at this time are basically the same force, thus preventing the car body in the equilibrium state from tilting.
  • a special brake system is used to force the two front wheels to equal during braking.
  • the power unit of the motorcycle in Fig. 1 is arranged on the rear body, which greatly reduces the side area of the front body, so that the front part of the motorcycle with the fully enclosed compartment and the medium-sized two-wheeled motorcycle
  • the side area is basically the same, and it can resist the interference of the crosswind in the driving.
  • the power unit is not on the front body, it also reduces the balance control force of the driver when driving. Since the internal combustion engine or the battery and the electric motor can be provided as the power driving device on the rear body, the two can be combined into a hybrid system, so that the motorcycle can be adapted to more different uses.

Abstract

一种用脚控制、车身可倾斜的三轮摩托车,包括带有转向前轮(7)的可左右倾斜的车体(1)和带驱动后轮(19)的后车体(15),在车体(1)与后车体(15)的连接处设有固定在后车架(16)上的扇形齿轮(36),围绕着该扇形齿轮(36)设有固定在车体(1)上的弧形滑槽架(42),在弧形滑槽架(42)上设有可被左右平衡踏板(20)控制的装有棘爪(62)的驱动臂(48)。在高速行驶时,车体(1)可像两轮摩托车一样倾斜转弯;当路面凹凸不平时,前部的车体(1)不会受左右摇摆的影响;而在低速或平面行驶时,车体(1)与后车体(15)可以锁成一体,平稳行驶。

Description

用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车 技术领域 本发明涉及一种摩托车, 特别是用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三 轮摩托车。
背景技术 现代社会所面临的能源危机和环境污染, 己要求汽车必须 大幅度降低油耗, 为此, 各种微型汽车应运而生, 但能达到较高性能的微 型汽车重量大都超过了 500公斤, 并且车辆性能也相对降低。 另外, 很多 情况下, 一辆汽车只有一个人在驾驶使用, 从而造成了更大的燃料浪费。 如何解决上述问题, 尤其是提供一种以单人使用为主的个人高性能车辆, 把能高速倾斜转弯的摩托车与汽车相结合, 便可构成一种全新的个人交通 工具。 为此, 德国的宝马公司和荷兰公司已制成可倾斜转弯、 带封闭车厢 的高性能三轮摩托车, 但这种摩托车因采用的是电控液压机构控制车身平 衡, 因此造价较高, 同时所设的油泵也会多耗一定的燃油, 另外, 行驶中 如电控平衡系统发生故障会让车体的平衡失去控制, 使其仍难以推广。 发明内容 本发明的目的是针对上述现有技术的不足, 提供一种用脚 控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 与汽车相比, 这种摩托车不仅具有能遮风 挡雨的封闭车厢、 造价较低, 而且还可像两轮摩托车那样高速倾斜转弯, 因利用前轮陀螺效应实现车身平衡控制, 行驶中不会出现平衡失灵情况, 而在停车需要时仍能用脚可靠地控制车身平衡。
本发明的用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 包括设有转向前轮的可 左右倾斜的车体和带两侧驱动后轮的后车体, 车体经其后侧底部的轴管通 过轴承与后车体的后车架相连, 在车体与后车体连接处的后车架上固定有 以轴管为轴心的扇形齿轮, 在扇形齿轮的上侧设有固定在车体后部车架上 的围绕着该齿轮的弧形滑槽架, 在扇形齿轮的左右侧分别设有以轴管为轴 心、 可左右摆动的驱动臂, 每侧驱动臂的摆动侧分别处于弧形滑槽架上的 左、 右滑槽内, 两驱动臂的内端则分别与车体底部的轴管上的各相应转环 相连, 在每侧的驱动臂上通过轴销装有可移向或离开扇形齿轮的棘爪, 每 侧的驱动臂和其上的棘爪分别经传动拉件被车体内的左、右平衡踏板控制, 在左、 右两驱动臂之间设有可左右摆动一定角度并能让两驱动臂靠在其两 侧挡体上的摆动靠架, 摆动靠架两侧挡体上的摆动侧处于弧形滑槽架的左、 右滑槽内, 摆动靠架的内端与车体底部的轴管上的转环相连, 由连接在每 侧驱动臂与摆动靠架之间的拉簧使驱动臂靠在摆动靠架两侧的挡体上, 在 摆动靠架的每侧挡体上还设有分离挡件, 分离挡件能在驱动臂靠在摆动靠 架的挡体上后、 把驱动臂上的棘爪顶动使其离开扇形齿轮, 摆动靠架还被 设在弧形滑槽架上左右侧的由拉簧和滑动挡件所构成的回位机构作用, 在 滑动挡件被拉回到内侧位置后, 其上的挡头穿过弧形滑槽架上的长缝也带 动摆动靠架回到中间位置; 在车体后面的车架上设有面向扇形齿轮并处在 摆动靠架之间的槽形挡座, 在该槽形挡座内装有可被车体内的锁止拉杆控 制的卡块, 该卡块被弹簧作用处于离开扇形齿轮的位置, 当拉动锁止拉杆, 经传动拉线带动卡块、 让其上的卡齿插进扇形齿轮上的齿槽内, 使车体与 后车体相互固定。
在本发明摩托车的第二实施方式中, 在车体的前支撑架上分别通过左、 右侧的上、 下摆臂安装有左、 右转向前轮, 在车体后部设有被动力装置带 动的驱动后轮, 左、 右侧上、 下摆臂的内端是经轴承分别铰接在前支撑架 上的上轴杆和下轴管上, 而下轴管又通过轴承安装在前支撑架下侧, 每侧 下摆臂上所安装的弹簧减震器向内倾斜后, 其上端与下轴管前部所固定的 中间竖臂的上端相铰接, 在下轴管上固定有以下轴管为轴心的扇形齿轮, 在扇形齿轮的上侧设有固定在前支撑架上的围绕着该齿轮的弧形滑槽架, 在扇形齿轮的左右侧分别设有以下轴管为轴心、 可左右摆动的驱动臂, 每 侧驱动臂的摆动侧分别处于弧形滑槽架上左、 右侧的滑槽内, 两驱动臂的 内端则分别与前支撑架上所固定的轴套上的相应转环相连, 轴套套在扇形 齿轮与前支撑架之间的下轴管上, 两者互不接触, 在每侧的驱动臂上通过 轴销装有可移向或离开扇形齿轮的棘爪, 每侧的驱动臂和其上的棘爪分别 经传动拉件被车体前部的左、 右平衡踏板控制, 在左、 右两驱动臂之间设 有可左右摆动一定角度、 并能让驱动臂靠在其两侧挡体上的摆动靠架, 摆 动靠架两侧挡体上的摆动侧处于弧形滑槽架上的左、 右滑槽内, 摆动靠架 的内端与前支撑架所固定的轴套上的轮环相连, 由连接在每侧驱动臂与摆 动靠架之间的拉簧使驱动臂靠在摆动靠架两侧的挡体上, 在摆动靠架的每 侧挡体上还设有分离挡件, 分离挡件能在驱动臂靠在摆动靠架的挡体上后、 把驱动臂上的棘爪顶动使其离开扇形齿轮, 摆动靠架还被设在弧形滑槽架 上左右侧的由拉簧和滑动挡件所构成的回位机构作用, 在滑动挡件被拉回 到内侧位置后, 其上的挡头穿过弧形滑槽架上的长缝也带动摆动靠架回到 中间位置; 在前支撑架上设有面向扇形齿轮并处在摆动靠架之间的槽形挡 座, 在该槽形挡座内装有可被车体内的锁止拉杆控制的卡块, 该卡块被弹 簧作用处于离开扇形齿轮的位置, 当拉动锁止拉杆, 经传动拉线带动卡块、 让其上的卡齿插进扇 形齿轮上的齿槽内, 使车体与被两侧弹簧减震器及 左、 右转向前轮所支撑的下轴管相互固定。
对于摩托车中刹车拉杆与锁止拉杆的设置, 车体上所设的刹车拉杆与 锁止拉杆安装在同一个轴座上, 锁止拉杆可被棘轮机构锁止, 并可通过其 上所设的松开按钮操纵锁止拉杆松开, 刹车拉杆制成 L型截面、 形成可容 纳锁止拉杆的侧槽, 设在刹车拉杆上的卡座和其内的卡爪可卡住进入其侧 槽内的锁止拉杆, 在向外侧搬动刹车拉杆时, 卡爪可随刹车拉杆的侧移离 开锁止拉杆, 以便单独松开刹车拉杆; 在刹车拉杆和锁止拉杆都处于松开 位置时, 两拉杆错开适当角度布置, 让锁止拉杆处在刹车拉杆上面的位置, 以方便单独搬动上面的锁止拉杆, 也可向上搬动下面的刹车拉杆, 让其经 侧槽带动锁止拉杆把两拉杆同时拉紧。
驱动臂和其上的棘爪还可这样设置, 与车体上左、 右平衡踏板相连的 传动拉件的末端分别与相应侧的驱动臂相连, 在每侧驱动臂的轴销上装有 一、 二或三个棘爪, 在驱动臂上的弹簧座与相应的棘爪之间装有让棘爪移 向扇形齿轮的弹簧, 在驱动臂上设二或三个棘爪时, 各棘爪顶头的间距约 等于扇形齿轮上两个相邻齿形间距的 1/2或 1/3, 在所设的棘爪底部形成有 可被摆动靠架两侧相应挡体上的分离挡件顶动的凸台, 当驱动臂被拉簧作 用靠在相应侧的挡体上后, 随动的棘爪经其上的凸台被分离挡件顶动离开 扇形齿轮。
驱动臂和其上的棘爪还可采用第二种方式设置, 与车体上左、 右平衡 踏板相连的传动拉件的末端分别与相应侧的驱动臂相连, 在每侧驱动臂的 轴销上装有一或两个棘爪, 在驱动臂上的弹簧座与相应的棘爪之间装有让 棘爪移向扇形齿轮的弹簧, 在驱动臂上两个棘爪时, 两棘爪顶头的间距约 等于扇形齿轮上两个相邻齿形间距的 1/2, 在所设的一或两个棘爪的一外侧 面上形成有伸出的处在扇形齿轮侧面的挡头, 相应地设在摆动靠架两侧挡 体上的分离挡件也处在扇形齿轮的侧面, 当驱动臂被拉簧作用靠在相应侧 的挡体上后, 随动的棘爪经其侧面的挡头被相对应的分离挡件顶动离开扇 形齿轮。
驱动臂和其上的棘爪还可采用第三种方式设置, 与车体上左、 右平衡 踏板相连的传动拉件的末端分别与相应侧驱动臂所装的一个棘爪上的短臂 相连, 在该棘爪的一外侧面上形成有伸出的处在扇形齿轮侧面的挡头, 相 应地设在摆动靠架两侧挡体上的分离挡件也处在扇形齿轮的侧面; 当驱动 臂被拉簧作用靠在相应侧的挡体上后, 随动的棘爪经其侧面的挡头被相对 应的分离挡件顶动离开扇形齿轮; 当踩动平衡踏板, 经传动拉件带动棘爪 上的短臂, 可让棘爪压向扇形齿轮。
驱动臂和其上的棘爪还可采用第四种方式设置, 与车体上左、 右平衡 踏板相连的传动拉件的末端分别与相应侧装在驱动臂轴槽上的横轴相连, 在横轴上装有跷臂, 跷臂的两侧分别经拉杆与驱动臂所装的两个相应棘爪 的短臂相连, 两棘爪顶头的间距约等于扇形齿轮上两个相邻齿形间距的
1/2, 在所设的两棘爪的各自外侧面上形成有伸出的处在扇形齿轮侧面的挡 头, 相应地设在摆动靠架两侧挡体上的分离挡件也分成两个、 处在扇形齿 轮的两侧面; 当驱动臂被拉簧作用靠在相应侧的挡体上后, 随动的两个棘 爪经其侧面的挡头被相对应的两侧分离挡件同时顶动离开扇形齿轮; 当踩 动平衡踏板, 经传动拉件、 横轴、 跷臂和跷臂上的两拉杆同时带动两棘爪 上的各短臂, 可让两棘爪同时压向扇形齿轮。
为了能更可靠的控制车体的平衡, 在摆动靠架之间的槽形挡座左右两 侧的弧形滑槽架上分别装有左、 右止回棘爪, 每侧所设的一或二个止回棘 爪分别装在各自的棘爪托上, 棘爪和棘爪托通过共用的挡轴分别装在槽形 挡座两侧的弧形滑槽架上, 当每侧棘爪托上设置两个止回棘爪时, 两止回 棘爪顶头的间距约等于扇形齿轮上两个相邻齿形间距的 1/2, 在每个止回棘 爪与棘爪托之间装有使棘爪顶头移向扇形齿轮的弹簧, 从左、 右棘爪托上 伸出的或经拉杆相连的各侧摇臂被弹簧作用把摇臂顶在靠板上后、 通过棘 爪托的下托板使每侧的止回棘爪被拉离扇形齿轮, 在左右棘爪托的两摇臂 之间设有拉线连接块, 从拉线连接块两侧引出的拉线穿过各侧摇臂上的孔 后分别伸向相应的左、 右平衡踏板, 与踏板上所增设的可相对自由摆动的 踩踏臂板上的摇臂相连, 当踩动左或右侧平衡踏板上的踩踏臂板用力超过 顶在棘爪托上摇臂的弹簧弹力时, 该侧的弹簧被压缩、 被带动的摇臂也使 该侧棘爪托上的止回棘爪移向扇形齿轮, 在用脚踏力不能恢复车体平衡时, 仍可阻止车体向该侧倾斜。
对于具有两驱动后轮的后车体的刹车制动, 在后车体两驱动轮之间的 后桥壳的差速器壳上, 从其一侧或两侧向外伸出有轴承套, 在该轴承套上 装有制动盘, 或者在减速器主动轴的伸出轴上装有制动盘, 用设在后桥壳 上的制动钳对制动盘制动。 本发明的这种用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车通过设置用脚控制车 体平衡的控制机构, 并把摩托车与汽车的行驶特性相合, 使其不但具有汽 车那样的封闭舒适车厢、 造价较低, 而且仍保留了两轮摩托车那种高速倾 斜转弯的行驶特性, 从而特别适合制成一种轻便小型的现代高性能个人用 车, 以此实现大幅度降低车辆的燃油消耗。 在本发明的前部可倾斜车体与 后车体相组合的第一实施方式三轮摩托车中, 因发动机等动力装置设在后 车体上, 相对减轻了载有驾驶者的可倾斜车体重量, 更有利于驾驶者行驶 中的平衡操纵。 与普通两轮摩托车中的用脚支撑地面相比, 在本发明中, 用脚通过脚踏平衡机构控制车身平衡会更从容更有利于行车安全。 在低速 行车或在光滑路面上行驶时, 通过对车体的锁止, 这种摩托车便可像汽车 那样平稳行驶。 而在高低不平路面上行驶时, 因可倾斜的车身基本上没有 左右的那种摆动, 这一点是普通汽车也不具备的, 从而让本发明的这种摩 托车舒适性更高, 也更容易被驾驶者所接受。
附图说明 下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
图 1 是本发明用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车第一种实施方式的侧 视外观图。
图 2是图 1所示三轮摩托车的设在车体与后车体之间的脚踏平衡控制 机构及连结轴承的沿纵向剖视图。
图 3是图 2所示三轮摩托车的脚踏平衡控制机构的放大横剖视图。 图 4是本发明三轮摩托车的脚踏平衡控制机构的整体外观示意图。 图 5是本发明三轮摩托车的脚踏平衡控制机构的平衡操作动作图。 图 6是本发明三轮摩托车的脚踏平衡控制机构的第二种结构图。
图 7是本发明三轮摩托车的脚踏平衡控制机构的第三种结构图。
图 8是本发明三轮摩托车的脚踏平衡控制机构的第四种结构图。
图 9是本发明用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车第二种实施方式的侧 视外观图。
图 10是图 9所示三轮摩托车的设在车体前部的脚踏平衡控制机构及支 撑轴套的沿纵向剖视图。
图 11是本发明三轮摩托车所设的刹车拉杆和锁止拉杆的结构侧视图。 图 12是沿图 11中 A-A线的剖视图
图 13是沿图 11中 B-B线的剖视图
图 14是图 1所示三轮摩托车中的后车体上的制动盘安装位置图。 具体实施式 在图 1至图 5所示的本发明第一种实施方式中, 图 1给 出的是本发明三轮摩托车的侧视外观图, 这种摩托车包括设有转向前轮 7 的可左右倾斜的车体 1和带两侧驱动后轮 19的后车体 15,由于车体 1具有 闭封舒适的车厢, 为驾驶者提供了很好的安全保护, 它比普通摩托车更加 安全。 车体 1与后车体 15的连接结构如图 2所示, 车体 1是经固定在其后 侧底部的轴管 17并通过其上的两个轴承 18与后车体 15的后车架 16相连, 车体 1以轴管 17为轴至少可向左右倾斜摆动 50° 的角度,以适合高速转弯 时的车身自然向内倾斜。 另夕卜, 轴管 17的向前延长中心线应指向转向前轮 7与路面的相接触位置上, 以便在一侧驱动后轮 19受到路面上凸出物冲击 时, 让车体 1所受到的侧向影响力较小。 为了在停车及低速时让车体 1能 与后车体 15相互固定, 在车体与后车体连接处的后车架 16上固定有以轴 管 17为轴心的扇形齿轮 36 (参看图 3 )。 在这里, 扇形齿轮 36固定在了与 后车架 16焊接成一体的轴承座 6上。 控制车体 1与扇形齿轮 36的离合机 构如图 3所示, 在扇形齿轮的上侧设有固定在车体 1后部车架 2上的围绕 着该齿轮的弧形滑槽架 42, 在扇形齿轮 36的左右侧分别设有以轴管 17为 轴心可左右摆动的驱动臂 48,每侧驱动臂的摆动侧 49分别处于弧形滑槽架 42上的左、 右滑槽 43内, 两驱动臂的内端则分别与车体底部轴管 17上的 各相应转环 50、 61相连, 使驱动臂 48只能绕扇形齿轮 36进行摆动。 在每 侧的驱动臂 48上通过轴销 54装有可移向或离开扇形齿轮 36的棘爪 62,每 侧的驱动臂 48和其上的棘爪 62分别经传动拉件 24被车体内的左、右平衡 踏板 20控制, 平衡踏板 20与驱动臂 48的连接控制如图 4所示, 在左右两 驱动臂 48之间还设有可左右摆动一定角度并能让两驱动臂靠在其两侧挡体 69上的摆动靠架 67, 摆动靠架两侧挡体 69上的摆动侧 68处于弧形滑槽架 42的左、右滑槽 43内,摆动靠架的内端与车体底部轴管 17上的转环 72相 连, 摆动靠架 67的两侧挡体 69之间由连接板 71连结成一体, 让摆动靠架 形成一个整体结构。 在车体 1上的左、 右平衡踏板 20不被控制时, 由连接 在每侧驱动臂 48与摆动靠架 67之间的拉簧 60使驱动臂靠在摆动靠架两侧 的挡体 69上。在摆动靠架 67的每侧挡体 69上还设有分离挡件 70, 该挡件 能在驱动臂 48靠在摆动靠架的挡体 69上后, 把驱动臂上的棘爪 62顶动使 其离开扇形齿轮 36。 图 3中的两驱动臂 48都未被控制, 其上的棘爪 62也 被各侧挡体 69上的分离挡件 70作用与扇形齿轮 36处于分离状态, 以便让 车体 1相对后车体 15能自由倾斜摆动, 使车体能在转弯时向内倾斜, 或在 路面不平时让车体处于垂直状态。 摆动靠架 67还被设在弧形滑槽架 42上 两侧的由拉簧 47和滑动挡件 45所构成的回位机构作用, 在滑动挡件 45被 拉回到内侧位置后, 其上的挡头 46穿过弧形滑槽架 42上的长缝 44也带动 摆动靠架 67回到如图 3所示的中间位置。 摆动靠架回到中间位置后, 因靠 在摆动靠架 67上的驱动臂 48也随之移动, 经传动拉件相连的车体中的平 衡踏板 20也会回到相互对齐的起始位置。
在停车或低速行驶时, 为能够把车体 1与后车体 15相互固定锁止, 在 车体 1后面的车架 2上设有面向扇形齿轮 36并处在摆动靠架 67之间的槽 形挡座 38, 在该挡座内装有可被车体内的锁止拉杆控制的卡块 39, 当锁止 拉杆不被搬动时, 卡块 39被弹簧 41作用处于如图 3所示的离开扇形齿轮 36的位置。 当搬动锁止拉杆, 经传动拉线 29带动卡块 39让其上的卡齿 40 插进扇形齿轮 36上的齿槽 37内, 使车体 1与后车体 15相互固定。 在车体 与后车体相互锁止后, 因车体不再倾斜, 很方便驾驶者在冰面及车速很慢 的路况下行驶。
在驾驶者用脚操纵平衡踏板控制车体的平衡过程中, 如果这时车体被 人左右推动或受较大侧风作用而无法通过脚踏力控制车体平衡时, 车体便 会被外力作用而倾倒。为阻止车体倾倒,在摆动靠架 67之间的槽形挡座 38 左右两侧的弧形滑槽架 42上分别装有左、右止回棘爪 73,每侧所设的一或 二个止回棘爪 73分别装在各自的棘爪托 74上, 止回棘爪和棘爪托通过共 用的挡轴 76装在槽形挡座两侧的弧形滑槽架 42上。 当每侧棘爪托 74上设 置两个止回棘爪 73时, 两棘爪顶头 80的间距约等于扇形齿轮 36上两个相 邻齿形间距的 1/2, 在图 3中的每侧棘爪托 74上安装了两个止回棘爪 73。 在每个止回棘爪 73与棘爪托 74之间装有使棘爪顶头 80移向扇形齿轮 36 的弹簧 81,从左、右棘爪托 74上伸出的各侧摇臂 82被弹簧 84作用把摇臂 顶在靠板 77上后, 通过棘爪托 74的下托板 75使每侧的止回棘爪 73被拉 离开扇形齿轮 36, 即图 3中所示状态。 在左、 右棘爪托 74的两摇臂 82之 间设有拉线连接块 79, 从拉线连接块两侧引出的拉线 78穿过各侧摇臂 82 上的孔后分别伸向相应的左、 右平衡踏板 20, 如图 4中所示, 与平衡踏板 上所增设的可相对自由摆动的踩踏臂板 21上的摇臂 22相连。这样设置后, 在用双脚踩动左、 右平衡踏板 20上的踩踏臂板 21时, 如有外力作用左右 推动车体使对左或右侧踩踏臂板的用力超过顶在棘爪托 74上摇臂 82的弹 簧 84弹力时, 如图 5中左侧被带动的棘爪托 74所示, 让该侧的弹簧 84被 压縮、 被带动的棘爪托上的摇臂 82使该侧棘爪托上的止回棘爪 73移向扇 形齿轮 36, 从而阻止车体 1向该侧倾倒。 在外力作用消除后, 车体回到平 衡状态, 弹簧 84也通过棘爪托 74带动止回棘爪 73离开扇形齿轮 36。
设在弧形滑槽架 42两侧的驱动臂 48上的棘爪 62有不同的结构布置方 式, 在图 3所示的结构中, 与车体上左、右平衡踏板 20相连的传动拉件 24 的末端分别与相应侧的驱动臂 48相连, 在每侧驱动臂的轴销 54上至少装 一个棘爪 62, 或者装二或三个棘爪, 以便在驱动臂被拉动较小的角度时, 便可有一个棘爪卡住扇形齿轮 36。 在驱动臂 48上的弹簧座 51与相应棘爪 62之间装有可让棘爪移向扇形齿轮 36的弹簧 52。在驱动臂 48上设二或三 个棘爪 62时, 各棘爪顶头 63的间距约等于扇形齿轮 36上两个相邻齿形间 距的 1/2或 1/3。 在图 3中的每侧驱动臂 48上设了二个棘爪 62, 在所设的 棘爪 62底部形成有可被摆动靠架两侧相应挡体 69上的分离挡件 70顶动的 凸台 64。 在平衡踏板不被控制时, 驱动臂 48被拉簧 60作用靠在相应侧的 挡体 69上后, 随动的棘爪 62便经其上的凸台 64被分离挡件 70顶动离开 扇形齿轮 36, 如图 3中状态所示。
当行驶中将要停车、 需控制车体平衡时, 用双脚同时踩住左、 右侧的 平衡踏板 20, 如图 5所示, 分别经传动拉件 24被带动的左、 右驱动臂 48 便离开摆动靠架 67的两侧挡体 69, 随驱动臂移动的棘爪 62也因离开挡体 上的分离挡件 70而移向扇形齿轮 36,让每侧驱动臂上所设的两棘爪中的一 个棘爪 62卡住扇形齿轮 36,这时再用力踩动左或右侧的平衡踏板,便会避 免车体向该侧倾斜。 在驱动臂 48被带动向一侧摆动时(图 5中是向左侧摆 动), 经拉簧 60相连的摆动靠架 67也会克服弧形滑槽架 42上该侧所设滑 动挡件 45的回位阻力而随之摆动。 实际中, 摆动靠架 67向左、右能摆动 8 度至 10度时便可满足行车时对车体的平衡控制。由于在整个弧形滑槽架 42 上分别设有左、 右侧的驱动臂 48及摆动靠架 67上的两侧挡体 69等部件, 对驱动臂和摆动靠架等部件的相邻侧形状要进行凸出及縮让处理, 使这些 部件即能布置紧凑, 又能有足够的左、 右摆动角度。
图 6给出的驱动臂 48上的棘爪 62结构是在图 3中的棘爪结构基础上 进行变化的, 在弧形滑槽架 42上的驱动臂 48布置中, 与车体上左、 右平 衡踏板相连的传动拉件 24的末端分别与相应侧的驱动臂 48相连, 在每侧 驱动臂的轴销 54上装有二个棘爪 62 (或者装一个棘爪),在驱动臂 48上的 弹簧座 51与相应的棘爪 62之间装有让棘爪移向扇形齿轮 36的弹簧 52 (参 看图 3)。在驱动臂 48上设两个棘爪 62时,两棘爪顶头 63的间距约等于扇 形齿轮 36上两个相邻齿形间距的 1/2, 在所设的两棘爪 (或者一个) 的一 外侧面形成有伸出的处在扇形齿轮 36侧面的挡头 65,相应地, 设在摆动靠 架两侧挡体 69上的分离挡件 70也处在扇形齿轮 36的侧面。 当驱动臂 48 被拉簧作用靠在相应侧的挡体 69上后, 随动的棘爪 62经其侧面的挡头 65 便会被相对应的分离挡件 70顶动,如图 6中所示那样离开扇形齿轮 36。与 图 3中的棘爪相比, 由于图 6中棘爪 62上的挡头 65所处的半径位置变长, 会让相对应的分离挡件 70更容易的把棘爪从扇形齿轮上顶开。
在图 7 中给出了第三种不同的棘爪结构, 由图可见, 与车体上左、 右 平衡踏板相连的传动拉件 24的末端分别与相应侧驱动臂 48所装的一个棘 爪 62上的短臂 66相连, 让传动拉件直接控制棘爪。 在棘爪 62的一外侧面 上形成有伸出的处在扇形齿轮 36侧面的挡头 65, 相应地设在摆动靠架 67 两侧挡体 69上的分离挡件 70也处在扇形齿轮 36的侧面。 当驱动臂 48被 拉簧 60作用靠在相应侧的挡体 69上后,随动的棘爪 62经其侧面的挡头 65 被相对应的分离挡件 70顶动离开扇形齿轮 36。当踩动平衡踏板, 经传动拉 件 24带动棘爪 62上的短臂 66便可直接使棘爪压向扇形齿轮 36,其控制力 比图 3和图 6中的棘爪靠小弹簧弹力移向扇形齿轮大很多, 控制上也很可 罪。
图 8给出的是在图 7棘爪基础上改进的一种棘爪布置方式, 如图 8中 所示, 与车体上左、 右平衡踏板相连的传动拉件 24的末端分别与相应侧装 在驱动臂轴槽 55上的横轴 56相连, 在该横轴上装有跷臂 57, 跷臂的两侧 分别经拉杆 58、 59与驱动臂 48所装的两个相应棘爪 62上的短臂 66相连, 两棘爪顶头 63的间距约等于扇形齿轮 36上两个相邻齿形间距的 1/2, 在所 设的两棘爪 62的各自外侧面上也形成有伸出的处在扇形齿轮 36侧面的挡 头 65, 相应地设在摆动靠架两侧挡体 69上的分离挡件 70也分成两个处在 扇形齿轮 36的两侧面。 当驱动臂 48被拉簧 60作用靠在相应侧的挡体 69 上后, 随动的两个棘爪 62经其侧面的挡头 65被相对应的两侧分离挡件 70 同时顶动离开扇形齿轮 36, 如图 8中状态所示。 当踩动平衡踏板, 经传动 拉件 24、 横轴 56、 跷臂 57和跷臂上的两拉杆 58、 59同时带动两棘爪 62 上的各短臂 66, 便可让两棘爪 62同时压向扇形齿轮 36。 当然, 由于两棘 爪顶头的间距小于扇形齿轮上的相邻齿形间距, 压向扇形齿轮 36的两个棘 爪中只会有一个棘爪的顶头能插进扇形齿轮 36上的齿槽内。在图 8中的左 右驱动臂 48上设置了两个棘爪 62后, 平衡踏板被踩动较小距离便会让驱 动臂上的一个棘爪卡住扇形齿轮, 又因为棘爪是被脚踏力直接带动, 在控 制车体平衡时也更迅速可靠。 由于驱动臂 48上的两棘爪 62通过拉杆被跷 臂 57带动的这种结构所需径向尺寸相对增加, 也让设在摆动靠架 67之间 的各侧止回棘爪 73的棘爪托 74是经拉杆 83与各侧相应的摆臂 82相连的。
图 9和图 10给出的是本发明第二实施方式的三轮摩托车的侧视外观 图, 在这种摩托车的车体 1的前支撑架 3上分别通过左、 右侧的上、 下摆 臂 8、 10安装有左、右转向前轮 7, 在车体 1后部设有被动力装置带动的驱 动后轮 19。 这种外侧装有转向前轮 7的左、 右侧上、 下摆臂 8、 10的内端 是通过轴承分别铰接在前支撑架 3上的上轴杆 9和下轴管 11上, 而下轴管 又通过轴承 18安装在前支撑架 3的下侧, 每侧下摆臂 10上所安装的弹簧 减震器 13向内倾斜后、 其上端与下轴管 11前部所固定的中间竖臂 12的上 端相铰接。在下轴管 11上固定有以下轴管为轴心的扇形齿轮 36, 在扇形齿 轮的上侧设有固定在前支撑架 3上的围绕着该齿轮的弧形滑槽架 42, 在扇 形齿轮的左右侧分别设有以下轴管 11 为轴心的可左、 右摆动的驱动臂 48 (参看图 3 ),每侧驱动臂的摆动侧分别处于弧形滑槽架 42上左、右侧的滑 槽内, 两驱动臂的内端则分别与前支撑架 3上所固定的轴套 4上的相应转 环 50、 61相连。 轴套 4套在扇形齿轮与前支撑架之间的下轴管 11上, 两 者互不接触。 设在两驱动臂 48之间的摆动靠架 67的内端与前支撑架 3所 固定的轴套 4上的转环 72相连。 为能让车体 1与被两转向前轮 7支撑的下 轴管 11之间能相互锁止, 在前支撑架 3上设有面向扇形齿轮 36并处在摆 动靠架 67之间的槽形挡座 38 (参看图 3 ),在该槽形挡座内装有可被车体 1 内的锁止拉杆控制的卡块 39,该卡块被弹簧 41作用处于离开扇形齿轮的位 置。 当拉动锁止拉杆, 经传动拉线 29带动卡块 39, 可让其上的卡齿 40插 进扇形齿轮 36上的齿槽 37内 (参看图 3 ), 使车体 1与被两侧弹簧减震器 13所支撑的下轴管 11相互固定,让车体不会倾斜。当行车时松开锁止拉杆, 车体 1会随两转向前轮 7的转向倾斜而倾斜, 使车体在弯道行驶中能保持 在平衡状态。
为能控制前轮转向, 与车体 1内方向转把相连的万向节 87是经穿过下 轴管 11的转向轴 85和转向轴前端的转向臂 86去控制左、 右两转向前轮 Ί 的。
至于本发明第二实施方式摩托车中所涉及的弧形滑槽架、 驱动臂及其 上的棘爪、 摆动靠架和弧形滑槽架上所设的止回棘爪等部件的详细结构, 是与图 3至图 8本发明第一实施方式中所描述的部分完全相同的。
在本发明第一和第二实施方式的两种不同摩托车中, 为能阻止车体的 左右倾斜而设置了锁止拉杆。 另外, 在停车后, 为防止在坡形路面上溜车, 也要设置制动所需的刹车拉杆。 由于摩托车的车体宽度较窄, 为能布置下 所需的锁止和刹车两个拉杆, 如图 11所示, 所设的刹车拉杆 30与锁止拉 杆 25被安装在同一个轴座 35上, 锁止拉杆 25可被棘轮机构 27锁止、 并 可通过其上所设的松开按钮 26操纵锁止拉杆松开。 刹车拉杆 30制成 L型 截面、形成可容纳锁止拉杆 25的侧槽 31,设在刹车拉杆 30上的卡座 32和 其内的卡爪 33可卡住进入侧槽 31内的锁止拉杆 25。 在向外侧搬动刹车拉 杆 30时 (如图 13中的箭头 28所示), 卡座 32上的卡爪 33可随刹车拉杆 的侧移离开锁止拉杆 25, 以便能单独松开刹车拉杆 30。 在刹车拉杆 30和 锁止拉杆 25都处于松开位置时, 两拉杆错开适当角度布置, 并让锁止拉杆 处在刹车拉杆上面的位置, 如图 11中所示, 使两拉杆手柄之间所留的距离 能方便的让驾驶者单独搬动上面的锁止拉杆 25。 也可如图 12中箭头 34所 示向上搬动下面的刹车拉杆 30, 让其经侧槽 31带动锁止拉杆 25把两拉杆 同时拉紧, 并经锁止拉杆 25被棘轮机构 27锁止。
在图 1和图 9所示的本发明摩托车中, 虽然每辆车都具有三个车轮, 其前、 后车轮布置的方式也不同, 但对车辆的制动要求是基本相同的, 即 图 1中摩托车的两个驱动后轮 19和图 2中摩托车的两个转向前轮 7在行车 中如被刹车制动, 不论在何种路面, 其两侧车轮产生的制动力是必须相等 的, 以防止处于平衡状态的车体发生倾斜。
适合图 1中摩托车的两驱动后轮制动方式如图 14所示, 在后车体两驱 动后轮 19之间的后桥壳 88内的差速器壳 89上, 从其一侧 (或二侧) 向外 伸出有轴承套 90, 在该轴承套上装有制动盘 91。 如不这样布置, 也可在减 速器主动轴 93的伸出轴 94上装有制动盘 (未画), 并用设在后桥壳 88上 的制动钳 92对制动盘 91制动。 这样设置制动器后, 因制动力是经差速器 再传给两侧的驱动后轮, 如制动时在一侧驱动后轮受振动悬空或处于冰面 而失去制动力后, 因中间的差速器作用, 另一侧的驱动后轮也会没有制动 力, 让此时的两驱动后轮受力基本相同, 从而防止处于平衡状态中的车体 发生倾斜。
因图 9中摩托车的两转向前轮 7之间并没有传动轴相互连接, 需设计 专门的制动系统来让两前轮在制动过程中受力相等。
图 1 中摩托车的动力装置被设置在后车体上, 大幅度减小了前部车体 的侧面积, 让这种带全封闭车厢的摩托车前部车体与中等尺寸两轮摩托车 的侧面积基本相当, 行车中能够抵抗住侧风的干扰。 同时因动力装置不在 前部的车体上, 也减轻了驾驶者行车时对车体的平衡控制力。 由于在后车 体上可设置内燃机或电池、 电机作为动力驱动装置, 也可以把两者相结合 制成混合动力系统, 从而能让这种摩托车适应更多的不同用途。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 包括设有转向前轮 (7) 的可左右倾斜的车体 (1 ) 和带两侧驱动后轮 (19) 的后车体 (15), 车体 ( 1 ) 经其后侧底部的轴管 (17) 通过轴承与后车体 (15 ) 的后车架 (16) 相连, 其特征在于: 在车体 (1 ) 与后车体(15 ) 连接处的后车架 (16) 上 固定有以轴管 (17) 为轴心的扇形齿轮(36), 在扇形齿轮的上侧设有固定 在车体(1 )后部车架 (2) 上的围绕着该齿轮的弧形滑槽架 (42), 在扇形 齿轮 (36) 的左右侧分别设有以轴管 (17) 为轴心、 可左右摆动的驱动臂 (48), 每侧驱动臂的摆动侧 (49)分别处于弧形滑槽架 (42) 上的左、 右 滑槽 (43 ) 内, 两驱动臂的内端则分别与车体底部的轴管 (17) 上的各相 应转环 (50、 61 ) 相连, 在每侧的驱动臂 (48) 上通过轴销 (54) 装有可 移向或离开扇形齿轮 (36) 的棘爪 (62), 每侧的驱动臂 (48)和其上的棘 -爪 (62) 分别经传动拉件 (24) 被车体 (1 ) 内的左、 右平衡踏板 (20)控 制, 在左、 右两驱动臂 (48 ) 之间设有可左右摆动一定角度并能让两驱动 臂靠在其两侧挡体 (69) 上的摆动靠架 (67), 摆动靠架两侧挡体 (69)上 的摆动侧 (68) 处于弧形滑槽架 (42) 的左、 右滑槽 (43 ) 内, 摆动靠架 的内端与车体底部的轴管 (17 ) 上的转环 (72) 相连, 由连接在每侧驱动 臂 (48) 与摆动靠架 (67 ) 之间的拉簧 (60) 使驱动臂靠在摆动靠架两侧 的挡体 (69) 上, 在摆动靠架的每侧挡体 (69) 上还设有分离挡件 (70), 分离挡件能在驱动臂 (48 ) 靠在摆动靠架的挡体 (69) 上后、 把驱动臂上 的棘爪 (62) 顶动使其离开扇形齿轮 (36), 摆动靠架 (67)还被设在弧形 滑槽架 (42) 上左右侧的由拉簧 (47) 和滑动挡件 (45 )所构成的回位机 构作用, 在滑动挡件 (45 ) 被拉回到内侧位置后, 其上的挡头 (46) 穿过 弧形滑槽架 (42) 上的长缝 (44) 也带动摆动靠架 (67) 回到中间位置; 在车体 (1 ) 后面的车架 (2) 上设有面向扇形齿轮 (36) 并处在摆动靠架 (67)之间的槽形挡座 (38), 在该槽形挡座内装有可被车体内的锁止拉杆 (25 )控制的卡块 (39), 该卡块被弹簧(41 ) 作用处于离开扇形齿轮的位 置, 当拉动锁止拉杆 (25 ), 经传动拉线 (29) 带动卡块 (39)、 让其上的 卡齿 (40) 插进扇形齿轮 (36) 上的齿槽 (37) 内, 使车体与后车体相互 固定。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的用脚控制车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 其特征在 于: 车体 (1)上所设的刹车拉杆 (30) 与锁止拉杆 (25) 安装在同一个轴 座 (35) 上, 锁止拉杆 (25) 可被棘轮机构锁止, 并可通过其上所设的松 开按钮 (26)操纵锁止拉杆松开, 刹车拉杆 (30) 制成 L型截面、 形成可 容纳锁止拉杆(25) 的侧槽 (31), 设在刹车拉杆(30) 上的卡座 (32) 和 其内的卡爪 (33)可卡住进入其侧槽(31) 内的锁止拉杆 (25), 在向外侧 搬动刹车拉杆(30)时,卡爪(33)可随刹车拉杆的侧移离开锁止拉杆(25), 以便单独松开刹车拉杆 (30); 在刹车拉杆 (30)和锁止拉杆 (25) 都处于 松开位置时, 两拉杆错开适当角度布置, 让锁止拉杆 (25) 处在刹车拉杆 (30) 上面的位置, 以方便单独搬动上面的锁止拉杆 (25), 也可向上搬动 下面的刹车拉杆(30), 让其经侧槽 (31) 带动锁止拉杆 (25)把两拉杆同 时拉紧。
3、 一种用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 在车体 (1) 的前支撑架 (3) 上分别通过左、 右侧的上、 下摆臂 (8、 10) 安装有左、 右转向前轮 (7), 在车体后部设有被动力装置带动的驱动后轮 (19), 左、 右侧上、 下 摆臂 (8、 10) 的内端是经轴承分别铰接在前支撑架 (3) 上的上轴杆 (9) 和下轴管(11)上, 而下轴管又通过轴承(18)安装在前支撑架(3)下侧, 每侧下摆臂 (10) 上所安装的弹簧减震器 (13) 向内倾斜后, 其上端与下 轴管 (11) 前部所固定的中间竖臂 (12) 的上端相铰接, 其特征在于: 在 下轴管 (11)上固定有以下轴管为轴心的扇形齿轮 (36), 在扇形齿轮的上 侧设有固定在前支撑架 (3) 上的围绕着该齿轮的弧形滑槽架 (42), 在扇 形齿轮 (36) 的左右侧分别设有以下轴管 (11) 为轴心、 可左右摆动的驱 动臂 (48), 每侧驱动臂的摆动侧 (49) 分别处于弧形滑槽架 (42) 上左、 右侧的滑槽 (43) 内, 两驱动臂的内端则分别与前支撑架 (3) 上所固定的 轴套 (4) 上的相应转环 (50、 61) 相连, 轴套 (4) 套在扇形齿轮与前支 撑架之间的下轴管 (11) 上, 两者互不接触, 在每侧的驱动臂 (48) 上通 过轴销 (54)装有可移向或离开扇形齿轮 (36) 的棘爪 (62), 每侧的驱动 臂 (48) 和其上的棘爪 (62) 分别经传动拉件 (24) 被车体前部的左、 右 平衡踏板 (20) 控制, 在左、 右两驱动臂 (48) 之间设有可左右摆动一定 角度、 并能让驱动臂靠在其两侧挡体(69) 上的摆动靠架 (67), 摆动靠架 两侧挡体 (69) 上的摆动侧 (68) 处于弧形滑槽架 (42) 上的左、 右滑槽 (43) 内, 摆动靠架 (67) 的内端与前支撑架 (3) 所固定的轴套 (4) 上 的轮环 (72)相连, 由连接在每侧驱动臂 (48) 与摆动靠架 (67) 之间的 拉簧 (60) 使驱动臂靠在摆动靠架两侧的挡体 (69) 上, 在摆动靠架的每 侧挡体(69) 上还设有分离挡件 (70), 分离挡件能在驱动臂 (48)靠在摆 动靠架的挡体 (69) 上后、 把驱动臂上的棘爪 (62) 顶动使其离开扇形齿 轮(36),摆动靠架(67)还被设在弧形滑槽架(42)上左右侧的由拉簧(47) 和滑动挡件 (45) 所构成的回位机构作用, 在滑动挡件 (45) 被拉回到内 侧位置后, 其上的挡头 (46) 穿过弧形滑槽架 (42) 上的长缝 (44) 也带 动摆动靠架(67)回到中间位置;在前支撑架(3)上设有面向扇形齿轮(36) 并处在摆动靠架(67) 之间的槽形挡座(38), 在该槽形挡座内装有可被车 体 (1) 内的锁止拉杆 (25) 控制的卡块 (39), 该卡块被弹簧 (41) 作用 处于离开扇形齿轮的位置, 当拉动锁止拉杆 (25), 经传动拉线 (29) 带动 卡块(39)、 让其上的卡齿 (40) 插进扇 形齿轮 (36) 上的齿槽 (37) 内, 使车体 (1) 与被两侧弹簧减震器 (13) 及左、 右转向前轮 (7) 所支撑的 下轴管 (11) 相互固定。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 其特征 在于: 车体 (1)上所设的刹车拉杆 (30) 与锁止拉杆 (25) 安装在同一个 轴座 (35) 上, 锁止拉杆 (25) 可被棘轮机构锁止, 并可通过其上所设的 松开按钮 (26) 操纵锁止拉杆松开, 刹车拉杆 (30)制成 L型截面、 形成 可容纳锁止拉杆 (25) 的侧槽 (31), 设在刹车拉杆 (30) 上的卡座 (32) 和其内的卡爪 (33)可卡住进入其侧槽(31) 内的锁止拉杆 (25), 在向外 侧搬动刹车拉杆 (30) 时, 卡爪 (33) 可随刹车拉杆的侧移离开锁止拉杆
(25), 以便单独松开刹车拉杆 (30); 在刹车拉杆 (30)和锁止拉杆 (25) 都处于松开位置时, 两拉杆错开适当角度布置, 让锁止拉杆 (25) 处在刹 车拉杆(30) 上面的位置, 以方便单独搬动上面的锁止拉杆 (25), 也可向 上搬动下面的刹车拉杆 (30), 让其经侧槽 (31) 带动锁止拉杆 (25)把两 拉杆同时拉紧。
5、 根据权利要求 2或 4所述的用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 其 特征在于: 与车体(1) 上左、 右平衡踏板(20) 相连的传动拉件 (24) 的 末端分别与相应侧的驱动臂 (48) 相连, 在每侧驱动臂的轴销 (54) 上装 有一、二或三个棘爪(62), 在驱动臂上的弹簧座(51)与相应的棘爪(62) 之间装有让棘爪移向扇形齿轮 (36) 的弹簧(52), 在驱动臂 (48) 上设二 或三个棘爪 (62) 时, 各棘爪顶头 (63) 的间距约等于扇形齿轮 (36) 上 两个相邻齿形间距的 1/2或 1/3, 在所设的棘爪 (62)底部形成有可被摆动 靠架两侧相应挡体 (69) 上的分离挡件 (70)顶动的凸台 (64), 当驱动臂 (48) 被拉簧作用靠在相应侧的挡体 (69) 上后, 随动的棘爪 (62) 经其 上的凸台 (64)被分离挡件 (70) 顶动离开扇形齿轮 (36)。
6、 根据权利要求 2或 4所述的用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 其 特征在于: 与车体 (1 ) 上左、 右平衡踏板(20)相连的传动拉件 (24) 的 末端分别与相应侧的驱动臂 (48 ) 相连, 在每恻驱动臂的轴销 (54) 上装 有一或两个棘爪(62), 在驱动臂上的弹簧座 (51 ) 与相应的棘爪 (62) 之 间装有让棘爪移向扇形齿轮(36) 的弹簧 (52), 在驱动臂 (48) 上两个棘 爪 (62) 时, 两棘爪顶头 (63 ) 的间距约等于扇形齿轮 (36) 上两个相邻 齿形间距的 1/2, 在所设的一或两个棘爪(62) 的一外侧面上形成有伸出的 处在扇形齿轮(36)侧面的挡头(65), 相应地设在摆动靠架两侧挡体(69) 上的分离挡件 (70) 也处在扇形齿轮 (36) 的侧面, 当驱动臂 (48 ) 被拉 簧作用靠在相应侧的挡体 (69) 上后, 随动的棘爪 (62 ) 经其侧面的挡头 (65 ) 被相对应的分离挡件 (70) 顶动离开扇形齿轮 (36)。
7、 根据权利要求 2或 4所述的用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 其 特征在于: 与车体 (1 ) 上左、 右平衡踏板(20)相连的传动拉件 (24) 的 末端分别与相应侧驱动臂 (48 ) 所装的一个棘爪 (62) 上的短臂 (66) 相 连, 在该棘爪 (62 ) 的一外侧面上形成有伸出的处在扇形齿轮 (36) 侧面 的挡头(65),相应地设在摆动靠架(67)两侧挡体(69)上的分离挡件(70) 也处在扇形齿轮 (36) 的侧面; 当驱动臂 (48 ) 被拉簧作用靠在相应侧的 挡体 (69) 上后, 随动的棘爪 (62) 经其侧面的挡头 (65 ) 被相对应的分 离挡件 (70) 顶动离开扇形齿轮 (36) ; 当踩动平衡踏板 (20), 经传动拉 件(24)带动棘爪(62)上的短臂(66),可让棘爪(62)压向扇形齿轮(36)。
8、 根据权利要求 2或 4所述的用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 其 特征在于: 与车体 (1 ) 上左、 右平衡踏板 (20)相连的传动拉件 (24) 的 末端分别与相应侧装在驱动臂轴槽 (55 ) 上的横轴 (56) 相连, 在横轴上 装有跷臂 (57), 跷臂的两侧分别经拉杆 (58、 59) 与驱动臂 (48)所装的 两个相应棘爪 (62) 上的短臂 (66) 相连, 两棘爪顶头 (63 ) 的间距约等 于扇形齿轮(36) 上两个相邻齿形间距的 1/2, 在所设的两棘爪(62) 的各 自外侧面上形成有伸出的处在扇形齿轮 (36)侧面的挡头 (65), 相应地设 在摆动靠架两侧挡体 (69) 上的分离挡件 (70) 也分成两个、 处在扇形齿 轮 (36) 的两侧面; 当驱动臂 (48 ) 被拉簧作用靠在相应侧的挡体 (69) 上后, 随动的两个棘爪 (62) 经其侧面的挡头 (65 ) 被相对应的两侧分离 挡件 (70) 同时顶动离开扇形齿轮 (36); 当踩动平衡踏板 (20), 经传动 拉件 (24)、 横轴 (56)、 跷臂 (57) 和跷臂上的两拉杆 (58、 59) 同时带 动两棘爪 (62) 上的各短臂 (66), 可让两棘爪同时压向扇形齿轮 (36)。
9、 根据权利要求 2或 4所述的用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 其 特征在于: 在摆动靠架 (67) 之间的槽形挡座 (38 ) 左右两侧的弧形滑槽 架 (42)上分别装有左、 右止回棘爪(73 ), 每侧所设的一或二个止回棘爪
(73 ) 分别装在各自的棘爪托 (74) 上, 止回棘爪和棘爪托通过共用的挡 轴 (76) 分别装在槽形挡座 (38 ) 两侧的弧形滑槽架 (42) 上, 当每侧棘 爪托 (74) 上设置两个止回棘爪 (73 ) 时, 两止回棘爪顶头 (80) 的间距 约等于扇形齿轮(36) 上两个相邻齿形间距的 1/2, 在每个止回棘爪 (73 ) 与棘爪托(74)之间装有使棘爪顶头(80)移向扇形齿轮(36)的弹簧(81 ), 从左、 右棘爪托 (74) 上伸出的或经拉杆 (83 ) 相连的各侧摇臂 (82) 被 弹簧 (84) 作用把摇臂顶在靠板 (77) 上后、 通过棘爪托 (74) 的下托板
(75 )使每侧的止回棘爪 (73 )被拉离扇形齿轮 (36), 在左右棘爪托的两 摇臂(82)之间设有拉线连接块(79), 从拉线连接块两侧引出的拉线(78) 穿过各侧摇臂 (82)上的孔后分别伸向相应的左、 右平衡踏板 (20), 与踏 板上所增设的可相对自由摆动的踩踏臂板 (21 ) 上的摇臂 (22 ) 相连, 当 有外力作用车体使踩动左或右侧平衡踏板上的踩踏臂板 (21 ) 用力超过顶 在棘爪托上摇臂 (82) 的弹簧 (84) 弹力时, 该侧的弹簧被压缩、 被带动 的摇臂(82)也使该侧棘爪托(74)上的止回棘爪(73 )移向扇形齿轮(36), 从而阻止车体 (1 ) 向该侧倾倒。
10、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的用脚控制、 车身可倾斜三轮摩托车, 其特征在于: 在后车体两驱动轮 (19) 之间的后桥壳 (88 ) 内的差速器壳
( 89) 上, 从其一侧或两侧向外伸出有轴承套 (90), 在该轴承套上装有制 动盘(91 ), 或者在减速器主动轴(93 )的伸出轴(94)上装有制动盘(91 ), 用设在后桥壳 (88) 上的制动钳 (92) 对制动盘 (91 )制动。
PCT/CN2014/000509 2013-05-27 2014-05-19 用脚控制、车身可倾斜三轮摩托车 WO2014190757A1 (zh)

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