WO2014171400A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance de l'état d'adhésion de vase d'un réseau d'eau - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance de l'état d'adhésion de vase d'un réseau d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014171400A1
WO2014171400A1 PCT/JP2014/060456 JP2014060456W WO2014171400A1 WO 2014171400 A1 WO2014171400 A1 WO 2014171400A1 JP 2014060456 W JP2014060456 W JP 2014060456W WO 2014171400 A1 WO2014171400 A1 WO 2014171400A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slime
water
monitoring
hollow fiber
fiber membrane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2014/060456
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
八木　稔
聡 守田
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栗田工業株式会社
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Publication of WO2014171400A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014171400A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • B01D63/031—Two or more types of hollow fibres within one bundle or within one potting or tube-sheet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
    • B01D61/22—Controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/18—Water
    • G01N33/1826—Organic contamination in water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
    • B01D2315/10—Cross-flow filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/40—Automatic control of cleaning processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/02—Non-contaminated water, e.g. for industrial water supply
    • C02F2103/023—Water in cooling circuits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/26—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof
    • C02F2103/28—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the processing of plants or parts thereof from the paper or cellulose industry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/03—Pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/04—Oxidation reduction potential [ORP]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/22—O2
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention can accurately and continuously detect the adhesion of slime, which is a problem in water circulation systems such as open cooling water systems, sealed cooling water systems, membrane concentrated water systems, paper pulp manufacturing process systems, and wastewater treatment process systems, in a relatively short time.
  • the present invention relates to a monitoring method and apparatus.
  • the present invention also relates to a slime removing agent injection control method and apparatus for accurately controlling the injection of a slime removing agent into an aqueous system based on the monitoring result.
  • microorganisms grow at interfaces where water and equipment are in contact, such as pipes and heat exchangers.
  • An inorganic substance or the like is involved in a viscous secretion secreted from microorganisms, and slime adheres to an aqueous member, and fouling occurs.
  • Slime causes heat transfer failure and lowers the heat efficiency of the heat exchanger, or secretes organic acid and active oxygen species in the lower part of the deposit, corroding the heat exchanger and piping, etc., causing a penetration accident.
  • the slime itself clogs the membrane, or the exfoliation of the slime induces clogging of the piping.
  • the slime exfoliation adheres to the product, resulting in a reduction in product quality.
  • a treatment for adding a slime remover (slime control agent or antibacterial agent) to the target water system is usually performed according to the adhesion state of the slime.
  • a slime remover slime control agent or antibacterial agent
  • the degree of slime adhesion varies depending on the quality of water supplied to the target water system and the operating conditions.
  • the state of slime adhesion always changes depending on the environment such as temperature and operating conditions. Therefore, accurately grasping the state of slime adhesion is an important factor for carrying out appropriate chemical injection control and continuing stable operation.
  • the flow conditions of the slime adhesion portion are controlled to be constant, and the short tubes are removed in order to reduce the amount of slime adhesion. There is a way to evaluate.
  • Patent Document 1 as a method for evaluating the state of contamination of a separation membrane, a base material made of the same material as that of the separation membrane is disposed for a predetermined period in a branch flow channel branched from an inflow treated water flow channel or an outflow concentrated water flow channel to the separation membrane. Then, a method is disclosed in which a small piece is cut out from the base material to which the slime is attached, the small piece is immersed in an ATP extraction solution to extract slime-derived ATP, and the contamination state of the separation membrane is evaluated based on the amount of ATP.
  • the flow rate condition can be arbitrarily set, and the slime under any conditions can be set. It is possible to accurately grasp the state of adhesion of the material. However, it takes a complicated operation and a long time to measure the amount of slime deposited on the removed short pipe and the removed short pipe, and since it is an evaluation for each removed short pipe, continuous changes in the state of slime adhesion could not be grasped in real time.
  • the method of monitoring the slime adhesion status from the pressure change before and after the membrane by filtering the entire amount of the evaluation water with the MF membrane installed in the water flow line causes the pressure change to occur due to factors other than slime (SS component in water, etc.). It is not possible to accurately monitor the slime adhesion.
  • Patent Document 1 requires a complicated operation and a long time in order to perform ATP extraction by cutting out the base material in the branch flow path, and cannot recognize a continuous change in the slime adhesion state in real time. .
  • the present invention solves such problems of the conventional method, and accurately and continuously monitors the adhesion state of slime in a short time without being affected by factors other than slime such as SS components in water. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a monitoring method and a monitoring device for an aqueous slime adhesion state capable of accurately grasping a continuous change in the slime adhesion state in real time.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for accurately performing chemical injection control of a slime remover to an aqueous system based on the monitoring result.
  • the present inventor passed water sampled from the target water system through the hollow fiber membrane module in a cross-flow manner, and a membrane made of slime that adheres to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane. From the pressure change before and after, we found that the slime adhesion situation can be grasped continuously in a relatively short time.
  • the present inventor has found that the cross-flow method is not easily affected by factors other than slime, such as the SS component in water, as in the case of the total filtration method.
  • the present inventor has found that accurate monitoring can be performed by examining changes in the dissolved oxygen concentration or redox potential of the permeated water with respect to the raw water of the hollow fiber membrane.
  • the present invention has been achieved on the basis of such knowledge, and the gist thereof is as follows.
  • a method for monitoring the adhesion state of an aqueous slime water collected from the aqueous system (hereinafter referred to as “raw water”) is passed through a hollow fiber membrane module by a cross flow method, and the hollow fiber A method for monitoring the state of slime adhesion in an aqueous system, wherein the state of slime adhesion is monitored from a change in differential pressure between the raw water inflow side and the permeate outflow side of the membrane.
  • [2] A monitoring method of an aqueous slime adhesion state according to [1], wherein the hollow fiber membrane has a pore diameter of 0.01 to 0.1 ⁇ m.
  • a hollow fiber membrane module in which water collected from the aqueous system (hereinafter referred to as “raw water”) is passed in a cross-flow manner in an apparatus for monitoring the adhesion state of the aqueous slime, and the hollow fiber A means for measuring the pressure on the raw water inflow side of the membrane and a means for measuring the pressure on the permeate outflow side, and monitoring the slime adhesion state from the change in the differential pressure between the raw water inflow side and the permeate outflow side
  • a monitoring device for water slime adhesion is referred to as “raw water”
  • the hollow fiber membrane has a pore diameter of 0.01 to 0.1 ⁇ m, and is a water-based slime adhesion monitoring device.
  • the hollow fiber membrane has means for measuring dissolved oxygen concentration or redox potential of water on the raw water inflow side and permeate outflow side of the hollow fiber membrane, An apparatus for monitoring the state of slime adhesion in an aqueous system, wherein the state of slime adhesion is monitored based on the change in the differential pressure.
  • a slime remover chemical injection control device comprising means for controlling the amount of the slime remover added.
  • the water sampled from the target water system is passed through the hollow fiber membrane module by the cross flow method, and the pressure change before and after the membrane by the slime formed on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane is monitored.
  • the slime adhesion state can be accurately monitored continuously in a short period of time with almost no influence from factors other than the slime in the water.
  • DO dissolved oxygen
  • ORP redox potential
  • the present invention it is possible to accurately prevent the slime-fouling failure by accurately controlling the injection of the slime remover based on the monitoring result.
  • FIG. 2a is a graph showing changes over time in the column pressure and permeation pressure of the hollow fiber membrane in Example 1
  • FIG. 2b is a graph showing changes over time in the differential pressure.
  • 2 is a graph showing changes over time in DO on the column side and transmission side in Example 1.
  • FIG. It is a graph which shows a time-dependent change of the differential pressure
  • water collected from a monitoring target water system (hereinafter referred to as “raw water”) is passed through a hollow fiber membrane module by a cross flow method, and the raw water of the hollow fiber membrane is supplied.
  • Slime adhesion is monitored from the change in differential pressure between the inflow side and the permeate outflow side.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the monitoring apparatus of the present invention suitable for implementing the monitoring method of the present invention.
  • a hollow fiber membrane module 1 is an external pressure type hollow fiber membrane module in which a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 3 are loaded in a column 2, and raw water is introduced from a pipe 11 to form a membrane surface of the hollow fiber membrane 3. And the concentrated water is discharged from the pipe 12.
  • the permeated water that has permeated through the hollow fiber membrane 3 is discharged from the pipe 13.
  • the pipe 12 is provided with a pressure gauge 4A for measuring the pressure on the raw water side (primary side), and the pipe 13 is provided with a pressure gauge 4B for measuring the pressure on the permeate water side (secondary side).
  • the column 2 is provided with a DO meter 5A for measuring the DO concentration of water in the column, and the pipe 13 is provided with a DO meter 5B for measuring the DO concentration of permeated water.
  • the target water system for monitoring the slime adhesion status includes water circulation systems such as an open cooling water system, a sealed cooling water system, a membrane concentrated water system, a paper pulp manufacturing process system, and a wastewater treatment process system. It is not limited to aqueous systems.
  • the present invention is applicable to any water system in which fouling due to slime is a concern.
  • water is continuously collected from such a target water system and passed through the hollow fiber membrane module by a cross flow method.
  • a branch pipe for separating the water in the system is provided in a circulation pipe or the like of the target water system to pass water through the hollow fiber membrane module.
  • the hollow fiber membrane module used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as raw water can be passed through the cross flow method.
  • the hollow fiber membrane module includes an external pressure type in which raw water is passed outside the hollow fiber membrane and an internal pressure type in which raw water is passed inside the hollow fiber membrane. In the internal pressure type, it becomes difficult to recover when the inside is blocked.
  • the hollow fiber membrane module is made of acrylic or transparent PVC, the appearance of slime adhesion to the hollow fiber membrane can be observed. Therefore, the hollow fiber membrane used in the present invention is preferably an external pressure type.
  • the hollow fiber membrane is not particularly limited, but usually, a hollow fiber membrane having an inner diameter of 0.3 to 1.0 mm, an outer diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 mm, and an effective length of about 100 to 200 mm is used.
  • a hollow fiber module having a total membrane area of about 0.02 to 0.1 m 2 in which 50 to 200 hollow fiber membranes are loaded in a column is suitable.
  • the membrane material of the hollow fiber membrane is not particularly limited, but is generally made of PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), polyethylene, polysulfone, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyimide, or the like.
  • the pore diameter of the hollow fiber membrane is preferably about 0.01 to 0.1 ⁇ m, particularly about 0.01 to 0.05 ⁇ m.
  • the surfaces of the hollow fiber membrane at least the surface on the raw water side is subjected to a hydrophilization treatment with a PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) coating or the like, so that even when a biological metabolite is contained in the raw water, It becomes difficult for these to adhere to the film surface, and it becomes possible to more accurately monitor the adhesion state of the slime itself.
  • a PVA polyvinyl alcohol
  • raw water is not particularly restricted in the hollow fiber membrane module, but the cross flow flow rate is 0.05 to 0.2 m / sec, the water flow rate is 2 to 7 L / min, especially about 5 L / min. It is preferable to do.
  • the pressure on the raw water side (column pressure) is preferably equal to or lower than the pressure resistance of the raw water and concentrated water piping, for example, about 0.02 to 0.3 MPa, and is almost constant at all times.
  • the initial pressure on the permeate side is preferably about 1 / 1.5 to 1 / 2.5 of the column pressure, particularly about 1/2.
  • the permeated water pipe 13 with a DO meter 5B that measures DO on the permeate side. A change in the DO value on the permeate side with respect to the DO value on the raw water side is examined, and based on this result, it can be determined whether the increase in the differential pressure is due to adhesion of slime or other factors.
  • an ORP meter can be provided in place of the DO meters 5A and 5B to confirm the cause of the differential pressure increase.
  • an ORP meter can be provided in place of the DO meters 5A and 5B to confirm the cause of the differential pressure increase.
  • the DO meter 5A (or ORP meter) in FIG. 1 may be provided in the raw water pipe 11 or the concentrated water pipe 12.
  • the slime remover to be added to the target aqueous system is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known slime control agent or antibacterial agent can be used.
  • a conventionally known slime control agent or antibacterial agent can be used.
  • MBT methylenebisthiocyanate
  • DBNPA 2,2-dibromo-3-nitrilo
  • DBNE 2,2-dibromo-2-nitroethanol
  • BBAB bis-1,4-bromoacetoxy-2-butene
  • MIT 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazoline-3- ON), dithiol (4,5-dichloro-1,2-dithiolane-3-one), CFIPN (5-chloro-2,4,6-trifluoroisophthalonitrile), HBDS (hexabromodimethylsulfone), TCS (3,3,4,4-tetrachlorotetrahydrothiophene-1,1-dioxide), BNP (2- Romo-2-nitropropane
  • a hollow fiber membrane module having the following specifications was used, and water was passed by a cross flow method under the following water flow conditions.
  • Membrane material PVDF (PVA coating)
  • Hollow fiber membrane inner diameter 0.6mm
  • Hollow fiber membrane outer diameter 1.0mm
  • Hollow fiber membrane effective length 145mm
  • Membrane pore size 0.02 ⁇ m
  • Number of hollow fiber membranes 110
  • Total membrane area 0.05 m 2
  • Water flow conditions Water flow rate: 5L / min
  • Cross flow velocity 0.16m / sec
  • Column pressure about 0.030 MPa Permeation pressure: Start evaluation at half the column pressure
  • Example 1 At the reverse osmosis (RO) membrane treatment site, raw water was collected from a line after the pressurizing pump provided upstream of the RO membrane module. This raw water was passed through the cross flow method under the above water flow conditions through the slime adhesion monitoring device shown in FIG. 1 using the hollow fiber membrane module. Raw water side pressure (column pressure) and permeate side pressure (permeation pressure) were measured. The differential pressure was calculated from this measurement result, and the change with time was examined. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, it was recognized that the pressure before and after the membrane changes due to the formation of slime on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane.
  • RO reverse osmosis
  • Example 2 Two series of slime adhesion monitoring devices using the hollow fiber membrane module shown in FIG. 1 were provided.
  • the raw water sampled in the same manner as in Example 1 was supplied with a slime remover (stabilized chlorine agent “Kuriverter (registered trademark) IK-110” manufactured by Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd.) on one monitoring device (chemical injection system). 1 mg / L (as the total effective chlorine concentration) was added, and the other monitoring device (no chemical injection) was passed through the cross-flow method under the above water flow conditions without adding the slime remover.
  • a slime remover stabilized chlorine agent “Kuriverter (registered trademark) IK-110” manufactured by Kurita Kogyo Co., Ltd.
  • 1 mg / L as the total effective chlorine concentration
  • the other monitoring device no chemical injection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif qui servent à surveiller un état d'adhésion de vase d'un réseau d'eau, qui permettent de constater avec précision des changements continus d'état d'adhésion de vase en temps réel, et qui ne sont pas influencés par des facteurs autres que la vase, tels que des composants solides en suspension dans l'eau. On fait passer de l'eau échantillonnée d'un réseau d'eau (eau brute) à travers une membrane en fibres creuses au moyen d'un procédé de flux tangentiel, et l'état d'adhésion de vase est surveillé sur base de changements de différence de pression entre un côté d'arrivée d'eau brute et un côté de sortie d'eau filtrée. L'utilisation d'un procédé de flux tangentiel pour faire en sorte que l'eau échantillonnée du réseau d'eau surveillé passe à travers le module de membrane en fibres creuses permet de constater des changements dans l'état d'adhésion de vase de façon continue et relativement rapidement sur base de changements de pression avant et après la membrane provoqués par de la vase qui adhère à la surface de la membrane en fibres creuses. En outre, à l'inverse d'un procédé de filtration en cul-de-sac, ce procédé est difficilement influençable par des facteurs autres que la vase, tels que des composants solides en suspension dans l'eau.
PCT/JP2014/060456 2013-04-17 2014-04-11 Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance de l'état d'adhésion de vase d'un réseau d'eau WO2014171400A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2013086732A JP2014211327A (ja) 2013-04-17 2013-04-17 水系のスライム付着状況のモニタリング方法及びモニタリング装置
JP2013-086732 2013-04-17

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WO2015178161A1 (fr) * 2014-05-19 2015-11-26 栗田工業株式会社 Procédé permettant d'ajuster la concentration d'agent de traitement d'eau de refroidissement dans un système de circulation d'eau de refroidissement, procédé de récupération d'eau de refroidissement évacuée et dispositif de traitement d'eau de refroidissement évacuée
WO2020005070A1 (fr) 2018-06-29 2020-01-02 Oasen N.V. Système de surveillance de problèmes d'encrassement dans un réseau de distribution d'eau potable
CN113272045A (zh) * 2019-01-28 2021-08-17 栗田工业株式会社 药液注入控制方法
IT202100010016A1 (it) * 2021-04-20 2022-10-20 Inthebubble S R L Sistema di rilevamento per la valutazione quantitativa della carica batterica in acqua

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CN105064453A (zh) * 2015-08-12 2015-11-18 重庆电子工程职业学院 一种雨水回收利用控制系统故障诊断方法
WO2018198245A1 (fr) * 2017-04-26 2018-11-01 三菱重工エンジニアリング株式会社 Installation à membrane d'osmose inverse et procédé de fonctionnement d'une installation à membrane d'osmose inverse
JP7181809B2 (ja) * 2019-02-25 2022-12-01 オルガノ株式会社 膜ろ過装置

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