WO2014170611A9

WO2014170611A9 - Construction kit, construction element, and associated kit construction and construction method

Info

Publication number: WO2014170611A9
Application number: PCT/FR2014/050933
Authority: WO
Inventors: Didier Marrel
Original assignee: Didier Marrel
Priority date: 2013-04-16
Filing date: 2014-04-16
Publication date: 2015-02-19
Also published as: FR3004472A1; WO2014170611A1

Abstract

The invention concerns a construction kit including a plurality of construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) made from a composite material, the construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) each including: a main panel (6) having a first face (3), a second face (4) opposite the first face (3), and a peripheral edge (P) delimiting the first face (3) and the second face (4), and at least one side wall (5) that rises perpendicular to the face (4) along the peripheral edge (P), said construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) being intended to be assembled to each other via the respective side walls (5) of same to form a construction (2), the construction kit being characterised in that at least the majority of the first face (3) of each construction element (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) is coated with a water-repellent coating. Kit construction.

Description

CONSTRUCTION KIT, CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT, KIT CONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD THEREOF

TECHNICAL AREA

The present invention relates to the general technical field of the temporary or permanent terrestrial construction, in particular of modular or prefabricated buildings.

The present invention relates to a device composed of building elements for the elevation of dismountable single-storey buildings.

The present invention more particularly relates to a construction kit including a plurality of construction elements made of a composite material, the building elements each including:

a main panel having a first face, a second face opposite to the first face, and a peripheral edge delimiting the first face and the second face, and

at least one side wall which rises to the right of the second face along the peripheral edge,

said building elements being intended to be joined to one another via their respective side walls to form a construction.

The present invention also relates to a construction element made of a composite material and including:

at least one side wall which rises to the right of the second face along the peripheral edge, said building element being intended to be assembled with at least one complementary element which is similar to said building element, via the side wall, to form a construction.

The present invention further relates to a kit construction comprising at least one wall.

The present invention finally relates to a construction method implementing a plurality of construction elements made of a composite material, the building elements each including:

said method of construction comprising a step in which said construction elements are assembled with each other through their respective side walls to form a construction.

PRIOR ART

A modular construction is known, in this case a squash court, whose walls are made by an assembly of a plurality of elements between them. Each of the elements is formed by a substantially trapezoidal or rectangular main panel from the edges of which four side walls protrude. The elements of this known construction are assembled with each other using bolt-like assembly means, through their respective sidewalls, to form the walls of the squash court. The main panels of the building elements are oriented towards the inside of the court so as to form a flat wall adapted to receive balls thrown by squash players against said panels. Such a known modular construction, however, does not seem suitable for the realization of more elaborate constructions, in particular the construction of residential houses or offices.

These known elements are generally made in a mixture containing white cement, sand and mineral fibers, so that they are of a relatively high mass. It is thus necessary, particularly during the construction process, to resort to significant means of handling and moving these elements, such as for example cranes, which is likely to represent a significant cost. There is also a risk that the use of such a cement and sand-containing material is porous, so that the elements allow moisture, heat and cold to filter through themselves. and therefore the wall they form. It is thus difficult to envisage using such elements to construct, for example, a dwelling or shelter. In addition, the risk of poor sealing of the building elements is likely to lead to moisture infiltration which may be such as to weaken or damage the assembly means, for example by corrosion, or even to damage the material forming the construction elements, so that the construction may have poor weather resistance and low durability. Furthermore, the mechanical characteristics of known building elements may be insufficient to allow the erection of a residential building, so that it may further be necessary to provide a framework, for example metal, to strengthen the building. assembly of the construction elements and support the structure of the construction carried out. Of course, the implementation of such a framework represents a waste of time and additional cost associated with the construction of the building.

Finally, the known construction elements do not allow to obtain a finished construction once they are assembled, so that it is necessary, most of the time, to set up additional elements, for example order decorative or functional, to complete the construction, which may represent a high proportion of a building's building expenses, and a substantial loss of time.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION The objects assigned to the invention therefore aim to overcome the drawbacks enumerated above and to propose a new construction kit, a new construction element, a new kit construction and a new construction method which, while allowing the realization of a construction of fast and inexpensive way, allow that the construction is durable and resistant. Another object of the invention is to propose a new construction kit, a new construction element, a new kit construction and a new construction method, making it possible to produce constructions that are resistant to bad weather and humidity.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new construction kit, a new construction element, a new kit construction and a new construction method for building buildings quickly and inexpensively.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new construction kit, a new construction element, a new kit construction and a new construction method particularly easy to implement.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new construction kit, a new construction element, a new kit construction and a new construction method for making both robust and lightweight constructions.

Another object of the invention is to propose a new construction kit, a new building element, a new kit construction and a new construction method for making both robust and removable constructions. Another object of the invention is to propose a new construction kit, a new construction element, a new kit construction and a new construction method particularly versatile _i and to achieve various types of constructions. Another object of the invention is to propose a new construction kit, a new construction element, a new kit construction and a new construction method allowing the creation of constructions particularly suitable for forming a shelter whatever the climatic conditions. .

Another object of the invention is to propose a new construction kit, a new construction element, a new kit construction and a new construction method for the realization of functional constructions, while being able to be considered as aesthetic. .

The objects assigned to the invention are achieved by means of a construction kit including a plurality of construction elements made of a composite material, the building elements each including:

said building elements being intended to be joined to each other via their respective side walls to form a construction, the building kit being characterized in that at least a majority of the first face of each construction is coated with a water repellent coating. The objects assigned to the invention are also achieved by means of a construction element made of a composite material and including:

a main panel having a first face, a second face opposite to the first face, and a peripheral edge delimiting the first face and the second face, and at least one side wall which rises to the right of the second face along the peripheral edge,

said building element being intended to be assembled with at least one complementary element which is similar to said building element, via the side wall, to form a construction, said building element being characterized in that at least one majority of the first face is coated with a water-repellent coating.

The objects assigned to the invention are also achieved by means of a kit construction comprising at least one wall, characterized in that said wall results from the assembly of several building elements.

Finally, the objects assigned to the invention are achieved by means of a construction method implementing a plurality of construction elements made of a composite material, the building elements each including:

said method of construction comprising a step in which said building elements are assembled to each other via their respective side walls to form a construction, the method of construction being characterized in that at least the majority the first face of each building element is coated with a water-repellent coating.

SUMMARY OF THE DRAWINGS Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in more detail on reading the description which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, given purely by way of non-limiting illustration, in which: - Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a first variant of a building element according to the invention, respectively in a schematic front view, and in a schematic cross-sectional view.

- Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a second variant of a building element according to the invention, respectively in a schematic front view, and in a schematic side view.

FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate an assembly of a plurality of elements of constructions of FIGS. 1 to 4, respectively according to a diagrammatic front view in exploded form and in a schematic front view in assembled form using bolts .

FIGS. 7 to 9 represent a kit construction according to the invention including the construction elements of FIGS. 1 to 4, the kit construction according to the invention being respectively shown exploded and flat according to a schematic view from above, assembled and flat according to a schematic view from above, and assembled according to a schematic view from above. As an example of construction, we can see Figure 7 which illustrates, in a schematic top view, the detail of the separate elements of a housing assembly assembly, and Figures 8 and 9 which illustrate more precisely the assembly of elements.

- Figures 10 and 11 show a construction portion kit according to the invention in a perspective view, respectively exploded form and in assembled form.

- Figure 12 shows the construction portion kit of Figures 10 and 11 in a sectional view in exploded form.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The invention relates in the first place to a construction kit, which in particular makes it possible to produce a construction 2 in a kit, of the prefabricated building type. The building kit of the invention includes a plurality of building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1 D, 1 E (as illustrated by way of example in the figures). The building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E are intended to be combined, preferably on a construction site of the building 2, in this case by assembly, to form said construction 2, which preferably in the form of a dwelling, a garage, a workshop, temporary premises, a sports hall (for example a squash court), or in the form of a simple wall 10, shelter, yard or terrace. The building elements 1A, B, 1C, 1D, 1E are preferably manufactured in a factory or workshop, so that they can be supplied as such on a building construction site 2, in order to be used in the implementation of said construction 2.

The principle of this device is to achieve preferentially in the workshop elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, new design and object of the invention, advantageously for raising a building 2 by the assembly of 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E or dismantle a 2-storey building in a few hours and by only one or two people. Said building 2 can be for example a house, a garage, a workshop, temporary premises.

According to the invention, the construction elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, E are made of a composite material. Each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E is at least predominantly, if not all, composed of composite material. By being thus made of composite material, each building element 1A, 1B, C, 1D, 1E has mechanical properties suitable for the realization of the construction 2, and is in particular sufficiently rigid for the combination of the building elements. 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E gives a structural resistance to the construction 2. The use of a composite material in the realization of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, E allows each of these, when taken separately, to be light enough to be easily moved, preferably to the strength of the arms of one or two men, and stored.

For the purposes of the invention, the term "composite material" is understood to mean an intimate mixture, or an intimate assembly, of at least two materials that are advantageously immiscible and whose properties complement each other with synergy. These two materials can be, by For example, a matrix and a fibrous reinforcement, the latter being maintained by and embedded in said matrix.

The composite material preferably includes:

a reinforcement of glass fibers or of carbon fibers,

a matrix trapping the reinforcement, and being formed by a thermosetting material of the resin or plastic material type.

More particularly, the elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E (as illustrated for example in FIGS. 1 to 4) of this device, objects of the invention, by the materials used for their manufacture, of preferably resin and fiberglass, bring a perfect insulation by their non-conductivity, a perfect safety by their high resistance to fire and a total absence of need of maintenance.

The materials used, preferably resin and fiberglass, make it possible to obtain elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E which are light enough to be displaced by only one or two persons depending on their dimensions. Indeed a medium-sized element weighs advantageously, only 30 to 35 kilograms.

Such a composite material has the advantages of being both lightweight and strong. It is thus possible to envisage the four distinct preferential variants for the composite material, or a combination of these distinct variants:

the reinforcement is in fiberglass and the matrix in thermosetting resin, the reinforcement is in carbon fibers and the matrix in thermosetting resin,

the frame is made of glass fibers and the matrix of thermosetting plastic material,

- The frame is made of carbon fiber and the matrix of thermosetting plastic material.

However, the invention is not limited to the preferred examples of composite materials mentioned above. Thus, the composite material may for example comprise additional components to adapt its characteristics as a function of the desired construction 2, including adjuvants, concrete, cement, and / or sand. The composite material may also be totally different from the aforementioned composite materials, and be formed by another type of composite material.

According to the invention, the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E each include:

a main panel 6 having a first face 3, a second face 4 opposite the first face 3, and a peripheral edge P delimiting the first face 3 and the second face 4, and

- At least one side wall 5 which rises to the right of the second side 4 along the peripheral edge P.

Each construction element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, is thus formed, in a first direction of extension, by the main panel 6, and according to a second direction of extension distinct from the first direction of extension, by one or more lateral walls (s) 5.

The main panel 6 is preferably substantially flat overall shape, as shown in the figures, but may alternatively have a shape for example ribbed, corrugated, curved or curved without departing from the scope of the invention. The main panel 6 is preferably designed to form a functional surface of the construction 2, for example a wall 10, a roof 12, a floor 11, or a partition,

The first face 3 and the second face 4 are separated by the thickness of the main panel 6, which is advantageously substantially constant. The peripheral edge P of the main panel 6 forms the contour of the first face 3 and the second face 4. Of course, the thickness of the main panel 6 may not be constant.

The side wall 5, in turn, is designed in particular to improve the mechanical strength of the construction element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, and serves in particular reinforcement for the main panel 6 to reduce the risk of buckling or bending of said main panel 6. The side wall 5 is advantageously of the same thickness as the main panel 6, but may instead be of different thickness, or not constant, without departing from the scope of the invention . The structural combination of the side wall 5 and the main panel 6 gives the building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E its structural rigidity and mechanical strength. For this purpose, the side wall 5 is advantageously secured to the main panel 6, being attached parallel to and close to the peripheral edge P, or directly attached to said peripheral edge P (as illustrated in the figures). In a particularly preferred manner, and as illustrated in the figures, the side wall 5 extends the main panel 6.

It is also possible to envisage that the side wall 5 has a first portion attached to the peripheral edge P, or parallel to said peripheral edge P, and a second portion attached to the second face 4 while away from the peripheral edge P, for example by direction of the interior of the second face 4. Preferably, the side wall 5 forms a lateral rib which follows the peripheral edge P, the side wall 5 being advantageously of constant width.

In any event, the side wall 5 is attached to the main panel 6 via the second face 4.

The side wall 5 is preferably perpendicular to the main panel 6 (as shown in Figures 1 to 4), or alternatively to a predetermined non-perpendicular angle (as shown in Figure 12).

The main panel 6 and the side wall 5 of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E preferably form a single piece, and is advantageously obtained by molding, forming, formwork, draping and / or machining of the composite material. However, it is possible to consider instead that the side wall 5 forms a separate part of the main panel 6, and it is reported and fixed on the latter.

According to the invention, the side wall 5 also serves as an assembly interface for the construction elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, the said building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1 E being intended to be assembled with each other via their respective side wall 5 to form the construction 2.

Building elements 1A, 1B _; C, 1 D, 1 E are thus secured to each other via their respective lateral wall 5, as illustrated for example in FIGS. 5, 6, 10, and 11. Construction elements 1A, 1B , 1C, 1 D, 1 E are thus secured, preferably main edge P against the main edge P, the side wall 5 of each of the building elements 1A resting against the side wall 5 of another of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E. The building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E are preferably assembled so that their main panels 6 form a substantially continuous and flat surface, in order to create a wall 10, a floor 11, a ceiling 13, partition or roof 12.

The side wall 5 preferably has a third face 9 substantially adjacent to the first face 3, through which each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E is attached to the building element 1A, 1 B, 1C, 1 D, 1 E subsequent. The building elements 1A, B, 1C, 1D, 1E are thus advantageously assembled to each other via the third face 9 of their respective lateral wall 5, the third face 9 of each building element 1A , 1 B, 1 C, 1 D, 1 E being in contact with the third face 9 of another of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E. In other words, the elements of construction A, 1 B, 1 C, 1 D, 1 E are assembled with each other so as to be substantially in contact via their peripheral surface.

Without departing from the scope of the invention, some of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E may also preferably be assembled so that the main panel 6 of one is attached to the side wall 5 of the other, in particular for the realization of a roof 12 of the construction 2, or a wall angle 10 (as illustrated for example in Figures 10, 11 and 12).

The angle of orientation of the side wall 5 with respect to the main panel 6 may advantageously be chosen so as to orient relative to each other the respective main panel 6 of two building elements 1 C, 1 E, for example to allow the realization of a roof 12 (as shown in Figure 12). The two angles separating the side wall 5 from the main panel 6 respectively from two building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E intended to be assembled together by said side walls 5 concerned, will preferably be additional (the sum of their measurement will be worth 180 degrees). In this way, the main panels 6 concerned will be parallel so as to form for example a wall 10 or a ground 11. These two angles are advantageously both equal to 90 °. The side wall 5 of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E thus accumulates the role of structural reinforcement of the construction 2, assembly means of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1 D, 1 E between them, and preferably means for positioning said construction means 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E relative to each other.

The building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E preferably include assembly means 8 formed in their respective lateral wall 5 so as to allow the assembly of said building elements 1A, 1B, 1C , 1 D, 1 E with each other via said assembly means 8, the assembly means 8 being advantageously formed by orifices formed in the side wall 5 of said building elements 1A, 1B, 1C , 1 D, 1 E, in order to allow an assembly of said building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E through their respective orifices, for example by screwing or riveting (as illustrated in particular in FIG. Figure 6). The assembly means 8 can alternatively be in the form of assembly hooks arranged on the side walls 5 (not shown) of two building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E to be assembled, and intended to to cooperate with each other to allow the assembly of said building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E.

The assembly means 8 thus preferably allow the construction 2 to be made with few tools, and also to be removable, for example by deboulonnage. In this way, the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E can thus be used successively in several constructions by being mounted and dismounted thereof.

The assembly of the construction elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E may alternatively be carried out by gluing, for example using a resin or a mortar, the construction elements 1A, B , 1C, 1D, E between them, through their respective sidewalls 5. The assembly means 8 are then for example in the form of a surface state of the side walls 5, for example striated or notched, adapted to promote good holding gluing. Assembly means 8 can, for some of the construction elements 1A,

I B, 1 C, 1 D, 1 E, be formed in the main panel 6, in particular on the first surface 3, in order to be able to assemble two building elements 1A, 1B,

I C, 1 D, 1 E through said main panel 6 of one, and the side wall 5 of the other.

Within the meaning of the invention, this device is designed so that these elements can be assembled or disassembled, very simply, by means of bolts (as shown for example in Figure 6) or other clamping means such as rivets. The elements can be assembled together by simple bolting or riveting (as shown for example in Figure 6) so that the elements can be assembled or disassembled (as shown for example in Figure 5).

Preferably, each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E has a continuous and closed side wall 5 forming a substantially rigid skirt, attached to the entire perimeter of the peripheral edge P of the main panel 6. The skirt formed by the side wall 5 is preferably of constant width, so that its free edge forms a substantially identical edge and parallel to the peripheral edge P. The side wall 5 thus advantageously forms a continuous falling edge (as illustrated in the figures) encircling the main panel 6. Each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E thus preferably forms a cavity 7 whose edges are formed by the side wall 5, the bottom of the cavity 7 being formed by the main panel 6 According to such a design, each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E is advantageously moldable and free of undercut.

Advantageously, the side walls 5 providing sufficient rigidity to the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E to allow the mechanical strength of the construction 2, the side walls 5 and the main panel 6 form a cavity 7 to substantially smooth inner walls, for example devoid of frame, spokes, reinforcements and / or internal ribs. Each building element A, 1 B, 1C, 1 D, 1 E thus advantageously has the shape of a tray, and is inexpensive to design and manufacture. The combination of the main panel 6 and the side wall 5 of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E gives them sufficient mechanical strength to make it possible, by assembling said elements of construction 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, a freestanding construction 2, requiring no additional structural reinforcement of the metal frame type.

The cavity 7 may advantageously be filled with insulation means 14 capable of improving the thermal, hygrometric and / or sound insulation of the building 2, for example. The building kit thus preferably comprises insulation means 14. intended to be arranged against the second face 4 of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, within the cavity 7, so as to substantially isolate the interior of the building 2 from the outside . The insulation means 14 are for example formed by a high density insulating material, an insulating foam, for example polystyrene, and / or rock wool.

According to a preferred variant of the invention particularly illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4, the main panel 6 of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E is of substantially quadrilateral shape, each building element 1A, 1 B, 1C, 1 D, 1 E comprising four side walls 5 projecting from the second face 4 by extending the main panel 6 on at least the majority of the peripheral edge P. According to such a preferred configuration, each side wall 5 thus forms a substantially rectangular or trapezoidal plate, as the main panel 6, the peripheral edge P having four substantially straight sides. In this preferred case, each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E preferably forms a half-box whose faces are generally planar.

Advantageously, the main panel 6 of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E is substantially trapezoidal (see FIGS. 3 and 4) or rectangular (FIG. at least two of the side walls 5 being substantially parallel to each other, according to the position and the role in the construction 2 of the building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E considered, in order to form building bricks whose stacking through the side walls 5 is modular.

However, without departing from the scope of the invention, the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, D, 1E and in particular their respective main panel 6, may have a different geometry from those described above. In particular, each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E may preferably have more or less side walls 5, for example one, three, five or six, the main panel 6 thus forming a polygon whose peripheral edge P has a number of sides corresponding to the number of side walls 5 of the building element A, 1 B, C , 1 D, 1 E concerned.

More particularly, this construction device, within the meaning of the invention, is formed of elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E manufactured, (as illustrated in the figures) made of composite material, which can be of variable dimensions and to be of different forms according to the necessities for the implementation of the construction of a building and according to their destination in the whole of the construction.

The term "variable shape" and "variable dimensions" means that, advantageously, the construction elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E have a different shape and geometry with respect to each other. and complementary, to allow the construction of the construction 2 using construction elements 1A, 1 B, 1 C, 1 D, E E differentiated.

Advantageously, the plurality of building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E includes:

wall elements 1 C intended to form at least one wall 10 of the construction 2 when they are assembled, and / or

roof elements 1 E intended to form a roof 12 of the building (2) when they are assembled, and / or

floor elements 1 D intended to form a floor 11 of the building 2 when they are assembled.

As illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 12, each of the wall elements 1 C of the roof 1 E and of the floor 1 D are advantageously differentiated building elements which have characteristics specific to their function and their place within the construction 2 By way of example, the main panel 6 of a wall element 1C will advantageously have a smaller thickness than the main panel 6 of a floor element 1D, the side wall 5 of the floor panel 1D being less wide. that of the wall element 1 C. Some side walls 5 wall elements 1 C intended to be in contact with the roof elements 1 E may advantageously not be perpendicular to the main panel 6 of said wall elements 1 C to allow the assembly of a roof 12 sloped. The roof elements 1 E may advantageously have fastening elements 8 on their respective main panel 6 in order to be assembled to the wall elements 1C by this means. The main panels 6 of the floor elements 1 D and the roof 1 E will advantageously be of rectangular shape, whereas the main panels 6 of the wall elements 1C will be either trapezoidal, pentagonal or rectangular, so that the assembly of the wall elements 1 C can match the shape of the roof 12 sloping. In the case of a roof 12 horizontal, the respective main panel 6 of all wall elements 1 C may advantageously be rectangular.

Of course, the foregoing description of the wall panels 1C, roof 1E and floor 1D is not given for the sake of completeness, but simply for the purpose of illustrating variants of the invention, in particular variants. represented in the figures. The construction device is formed of manufactured elements (as illustrated for example in FIGS. 1 to 4) made of composite material, of paralleleptic shape, comprising a face (as illustrated for example in FIGS. 1 to 4) of variable size. , composing the main panel 6 of the element, extended perpendicularly by four walls (as illustrated for example in Figures 1 to 4) of constant width allowing the rigidity of the construction and the assembly of the elements together.

The elements (as illustrated for example in FIGS. 1 to 4) of this device, which are the subject of the invention, have a paralleleptic shape comprising a face of variable dimensions (as illustrated in particular in FIGS. 3, 4, 10, 11 and 12) composing the main panel 6 of the element. Said face is extended perpendicularly by four assembly walls, serving as reinforcements (as illustrated for example in Figures 1 to 4) of constant width from 100 to 150mm. These elements, by their simple assembly, using the walls provided for this purpose, allow the rigidity of the construction and the attachment of the elements together. They do not require a structural reinforcement structure or framework. These elements can be of variable dimensions according to the necessities for the implementation of the construction of a building. The elements comprise four assembly walls (as shown in the figures) serving as reinforcement to the structure of the assembly.

The elements (as illustrated for example in Figures 1 to 4) of this device, objects of the invention may have four parallel assembly faces 2 to 2 (as illustrated for example in Figures 1 and 2) for the straight elements or, on the contrary, at least one oblique face (as illustrated for example in Figures 3 and 4) to meet, in particular, other needs of the construction, such as, for example, the gable elements under roof.

Advantageously, the design of this device makes it possible to provide, by these elements, made of resin composite and fiberglass, the rigidity necessary for the construction without having recourse to a framework or reinforcement structure, whether it be of wood, metal, composite or masonry. The thickness of the elements is between 8 and 10 mm to meet the need for rigidity of the assembly.

The elements bring, by their simple assembly, the rigidity necessary for the construction of the building. The elevation of a building, by the assembly of these elements, does not require structural reinforcement structure or framework.

According to another characteristic of the invention, the majority of the first face 3 of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E is coated with a water-repellent coating. The water repellent coating of the invention thus substantially prevents the penetration of liquids, and especially water, and moisture, through the main panel 6, to partly protect the building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E concerned, for example bad weather, and secondly to preserve the interior of the construction 2 of the humidity, in particular by placing the first face 3 of the elements of construction A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E towards the outside of the construction 2. The water-repellent coating is advantageously waterproof and / or impervious, especially with water. The water repellent coating is preferably also flame retardant. The building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E trimmed with their water-repellent coating and assembled with each other thus form a screen capable of substantially blocking the passage of moisture, weather, and preferably the traffic light. With such a design, i! It is possible to consider building a building 2 for housing such housing, offices or garage, substantially protective against the weather.

Advantageously, the water-repellent coating is an impermeable thermosetting resin of the gel-coating type ("gelcoat"), so that the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E preferentially have a design similar to that of a boat hull, requiring little maintenance, being resistant to the weather and to mechanical stresses related to the structure of the construction 2. The construction elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E are thus preferably produced by molding in a mold. For the manufacture of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, the latter is preferably upholstered first with the water-repellent coating and then with the composite material. Alternatively, the composite material can be applied to the composite material already molded, the water-repellent coating then presenting as a water-repellent surface coat ("topcoat") reported. Of course, it is quite possible to envisage another type of water-repellent coating without departing from the scope of the invention, for example made using a layer of impermeable plastic material.

The water-repellent coating preferably has a raised surface condition so as to mimic a facing material, for example plaster, wood, tile, or stone. This raised surface condition may have a texture and / or color to mimic the facing material in question. The water repellent material is preferably colored in the mass, and may also receive a complementary decorative pattern on the surface to improve the imitation of the facing material. The surface state of the water-repellent coating is preferentially imparted to said water-repellent coating during the manufacture of the building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E. In particular, the construction element 1A, 1B , 1C, 1D, 1E may be molded, the bottom of the mold including an embossed imprint, for example negative, able to form the raised surface state of the water-repellent coating during the molding of said construction element 1A, 1 B, 1 C, 1 D, 1 E. Thus, the water-repellent coating may optionally have a finished appearance, for example a predetermined color, appearance and surface condition for this purpose, for decorative and / or functional purposes, or to imitate a material such as stone, wood or the tile, in order to dispense with the complementary application of such elements during the development of the construction 2. Advantageously, the water-repellent coating of the wall elements 1C can directly form the apparent outer wall of the construction 2 (such 12), or inside (not shown), and for this purpose will have for example a colored, glossy, satin or matte appearance. Also, the water-repellent coating of the roof element 1 E may preferably form the ceiling 13, and adopt for example a white granite appearance typical of conventional interior ceilings.

Each element 1A, 1B, C, 1D, 1E has a face 3 (as shown for example in Figure 12), forming the visible part of the building interior, whose surface state is, within the meaning of the invention, a state of completion. Said surface 3 therefore no longer requires any other intervention, such as painting, once the elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E interconnected.

This device advantageously makes it possible to have, once the elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E assembled, the walls 10, the floors 11 or the ceilings 13 inside said building completely finished without any other implementation. Preferably, said at least one side wall 5 has a third face 9 extending the first face 3 from the peripheral edge P, the water-repellent coating extending over at least the majority of the third face 9. The water-repellent coating thus extends continuously. beyond the first face 3 so as to improve the weather protection provided by the assembly of building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E.

Preferably, the water-repellent coating covers substantially the entire first face 3 and the third face 9. A water-repellent coating may advantageously also cover all or part of the interior of the cavity 7. Preferably, the construction kit according to the invention comprises at least one joining means (not shown) of the construction elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E assembled to contribute to the sealing of the assembly of said construction elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, in particular making it possible substantially to prevent any infiltration of moisture that could slip between the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1 D, 1 E, and in particular between their respective lateral walls 5 by which they are assembled. The joining means may be for example in the form of a seal attached to the water-repellent coating of the third faces 9 of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E concerned.

The assembly of building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E thus advantageously forms a continuous water-repellent screen, formed by the water repellent coating of each main panel 6 and third face 9, the continuity of the sealing being ensured by a mesh of joining means, the latter being interposed between the elements of constructions 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E.

The building kit preferably comprises a plurality of facing plates 15 intended to be attached to said building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E through the side wall 5, parallel and at a distance from the main panel 6, preferably so as to partially or completely close the cavity 7 of the building elements 1A, B, 1C, 1 D, E concerned. Each facing plate 15 is preferably associated with only one of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E to cover its entire cavity 7. Alternatively, some or all of the facing plates 15 are preferably associated with several building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, D, 1E at a time, so as to cover several cavities 7 at the same time.

The facing plates 15 are used to cover the cavity 7, and possibly the insulation means 14 that it contains, in order both to improve the aesthetics of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D , 1 E, and allow to close the half-box they form in order to maintain the insulation means 14 inside the cavity 7. The facing plates 15 are advantageously rigid, so as to optionally give additional mechanical strength to the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, D, 1E. The facing plates 15 may optionally make it possible to improve the insulation of the building by being themselves water repellent, or insulating thermal and sound.

The facing plates advantageously have a visible finish, designed to imitate wood, stone, a tile arrangement, a plastic floor, a parquet or other. The facing plates 15 are advantageously laminate boards, plates of plastic material, metal, solid wood. Alternatively, the facing plates 15 are preferably formed by a rigid plate through which said facing plate 15 is intended to be fixed to the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, rigid plate on which is reported a finishing element of the type tiles, linoleum, parquet, etc.

The facing plates 15, depending on their finish, advantageously make it possible to form an interior floor 11 of the building 2, a ceiling 13, an inner or outer wall wall 10, or the roof 12 of the construction 2 (such as as shown in Figure 12).

The construction kit thus preferably comprises a plurality of cladding plates 15 advantageously including at least one roofing plate, and / or at least one lining plate of the construction 2, and / or at least one floor covering plate 11.

After assembling the assembly of said building, each element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, object of the invention, forms a cavity 7 (as illustrated for example in FIG. is able to receive according to the needs and the destination of said building, an insulation and a composite plate facing may have different finishes. Said finish can be either smooth indefinite colors or imitating stone, wood or roof tiles.

The outer face of the element (as illustrated for example in FIGS. 1 to 4), which becomes the assembly of the inner face of the building, directly brings a state of finished surface not requiring further intervention after assembly of construction 2,

Advantageously, the construction kit comprises at least one lining mask (not shown) intended to be attached to at least one of the facing plates 15 so as to provide a masked space between the facing plate 15 and the mask dubbing, the masked space being advantageously intended to accommodate an electrical infrastructure, a thermoregulation infrastructure, and / or a plumbing infrastructure.

Electrical infrastructure means all that is necessary for the supply of electrical energy to the construction 2, in particular electrical cables, or an electric meter. Similarly, the thermoregulation and plumbing infrastructure may be in the form of heating pipes, water supply, or wastewater disposal, or a cumulus, a radiator, underfloor heating or by the walls, etc. Of course, the dubbing mask may also make it possible to mask other elements, for example gas pipes, telecommunication cables, etc.

The building kit advantageously comprises access elements 16 such as inner and outer doors, windows or ventilation means, which can be assembled to the side walls 5 of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D , 1 E, the size and shape of the latter to provide space for the establishment of these access elements 6 (as shown in Figures 7 to 12).

The invention also relates as such to a construction element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E. Of course, the description which has been made above of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C , 1 D, 1 E implemented within the construction kit applies mutatis mutandis to the building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E itself.

According to the invention, the construction element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E is made of a composite material and includes: a main panel 6 having a first face 3, a second face 4 opposite the first face 3, and a peripheral edge P delimiting the first face 3 and the second face 4, and

at least one side wall 5 which rises to the right of the second face 4 along the peripheral edge P,

said construction element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E being intended to be assembled with at least one complementary element which is similar to said building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E, by via the side wall 5, to form a construction 2, said construction element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E being characterized in that at least a majority of the first face 3 is coated with a water repellent coating.

The building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E preferably includes assembly means 8 formed in the side wall 5 so as to allow the assembly of said building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1 D, 1E the complementary element through said connecting means 8, the assembly means 8 being advantageously formed by orifices in the side wall 5, to allow assembly of said building elements 1A, 1 B, 1C, 1D, 1E to the complementary element through said orifices, for example by screwing or riveting.

The invention further relates, as such, to a kit construction 2 comprising at least one wall 0, said wall 10 results from the assembly of a plurality of building elements 1A, B, 1C, 1D, 1E compliant to those described above.

The invention finally relates to a construction method using a plurality of building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E made of a composite material, the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1 D, 1 E each including:

at least one side wall 5 which rises to the right of the second face 4 along the peripheral edge P, said method of construction comprising a step in which said construction elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E are assembled to one another via their respective side walls 5 to form a construction 2, the method of construction being characterized in that at least the majority of the first face 3 of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E is coated with a water-repellent coating.

The construction method preferably sets the construction kit described above.

The construction method preferably takes place as follows:

A concrete slab, or foundations are optionally prepared in the ground to support the future construction.

The building elements A, B, C, D, E are placed on the base of the foundations, and assembled by means of bolts or rivets by means of the assembly means 8 formed by orifices, for making the walls 10, the soM 1, the ceiling 13, and the roof 12. The access elements 16 of doors and windows type are assembled to the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1 E preferably at the same time. Before or during the assembly of each building element 1A, 1B, 1C, D, 1E two by two, the sealing means, in the form of a seal, is put in place on the lateral faces 5 of each of said building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E. The insulation means 14 are then brought back into the cavities 7 of the building elements 1A, 1B, 1C, 1 D, 1 E assembled, that one closes with the plates of facing 15.

Interior doors, partitions, and other amenities such as toilets, showers, bathtubs, water heaters, and radiators, as well as electrical, plumbing, heating, and other infrastructure that are masked by help with dubbing masks. POSSIBILITY OF INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION

The invention finds its industrial application in the design, manufacture and implementation of constructions, in particular kit constructions.

Claims

Construction kit including a plurality of building elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) made of a composite material, the building elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) including each :

a main panel (6) having a first face (3), a second face (4) opposite to the first face (3), and a peripheral edge (P) delimiting the first face (3) and the second face (4). ), and

- at least one side wall (5) which rises in line with the second face (4) along the peripheral edge (P), said construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) being intended to be assembled with each other via their respective side wall (5) to form a construction (2), the building kit being characterized in that at least the majority of the first face (3) ) of each building element (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) is coated with a water-repellent coating.

Building kit according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said at least one side wall (5) has a third face (9) extending the first face (3) from the peripheral edge (P), the water-repellent coating extending over at least the majority of the third face (9).

Construction kit according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the water-repellent coating is a waterproof thermosetting resin of the gel-coating type ("gelcoat").

Construction kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite material includes:

a reinforcement of glass fibers or of carbon fibers,

a matrix trapping the reinforcement, and being formed by a thermosetting material of the resin or plastic material type. 5 - Building kit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main panel (6) and the side wall (5) of each building element (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E ) form a single piece.

6 - Building kit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main panel (6) of each building element

(1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) is substantially quadrilateral in shape, each construction element (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) comprising four side walls (5) forming a surface of the second face (4) extending the main panel (6) on at least the majority of the peripheral edge (P), 7 - Building kit according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the main panel (6) of each element of construction (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) is substantially trapezoidal in shape, at least two of the side walls (5) being substantially parallel to one another.

8 - Construction kit according to any one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the side walls (5) and the main panel (6) form a cavity (7) with substantially smooth internal walls, for example without frame and internal ribs.

9 - Building kit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises isolation means (14) intended to be arranged against the second face (4) of each building element (1A, 1B ,

1 C, 1 D, 1 E) so as to substantially isolate the interior of the construction (2) from the outside.

Construction kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) includes:

wall elements (1 C) intended to form at least one wall (10) of the construction (2) when assembled, and / or

- roof elements (1 E) intended to form a roof (12) of the construction (2) when assembled, and / or floor elements (1 D) for forming a floor (11) of the construction (2) when assembled. - Building kit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of facing plates (15) intended to be attached to said building elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D,

1 E) through the side wall (5), parallel and remote from the main panel (6). - Building kit according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the plurality of facing plates (5) includes at least one roof plate, and / or at least one lining plate of the construction (2), and / or at least one floor covering plate (11). - Building kit according to any one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that it comprises at least one lining mask to be attached to at least one of the facing plates (15) so as to provide a masked space between the facing plate (15) and the dubbing mask, the masked space being advantageously intended to accommodate an electrical infrastructure, a thermoregulation infrastructure, and / or a plumbing infrastructure. - Building kit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one joining means of the construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) assembled to contribute to the seal of the assembly of said building elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E). Construction kit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) include connecting means (8) in their side walls (5). respective so as to allow the assembly of said construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) with each other through said connecting means (8). 16 - Building kit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the water repellent coating has a raised surface state so as to imitate a facing material for example plaster, wood, tile, or the Pierre. 17 - Element of construction (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) made of a composite material and including:

a main panel (6) having a first face (3), a second face (4) opposite to the first face (3), and a peripheral edge (P) delimiting the first face (3) and the second face (4). ), and - at least one side wall (5) which rises to the right of the second face (4) along the peripheral edge (P),

said construction element (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) being intended to be assembled with at least one complementary element which is similar to said construction element (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E ), through the side wall (5), to form a construction (2), said construction element (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) being characterized in that at least the majority of the first face (3) is coated with a water-repellent coating.

18 - Element of construction (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it includes assembly means (8) provided in the side wall (5) so to allow the assembly of said building element

(1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) the complementary element through said assembly means (8), the assembly means (8) being advantageously formed by orifices formed in the side wall (5), to allow an assembly of said building elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) to the complementary element through said orifices, for example by screwing or riveting.

Construction (2) in kit comprising at least one wall (10), characterized in that said wall (10) results from the assembly of a plurality of construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) conforming in any one of claims 17 or 18. - Construction method implementing a plurality of building elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, 1E) made of a composite material, the building elements (1A, 1B, 1C, 1D , 1 E) each including:

- at least one side wall (5) which rises to the right of the second face (4) along the peripheral edge (P),

said method of construction comprising a step in which said construction elements (1A, 1B, 1C, D, 1E) are assembled to one another via their respective side wall (5) to form a construction (2), the method of construction being characterized in that at least a majority of the first face (3) of each building element (1A, B, 1C, 1D, E) is coated with a water repellent coating.