FR2978178A1 - Construction/facing device for e.g. constructing walls of single family house, has facing/renovation and construction modules with insulation layers having specific heat transfer coefficient and secured to entire outer face of facing panel - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a facing/renovation module (1A) and a construction module, which are ready to be installed. Each module comprises a facing panel (1) that is made of stone (13), and a thermal insulation layer (2) that covers and is secured to an entire main outer face (11) of the panel. The layer has a heat transfer coefficient lower than 0.03 watts per meter Kelvin. The construction module includes a structural panel arranged opposite the facing panel and having size same as that of the facing panel. The layer is sandwiched between the panels, and ensures integration of panels. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for manufacturing a facing module of a construction/facing device (2) a method for manufacturing a construction module of a construction/facing device (3) a method for assembling facing modules of a construction/facing device (4) a method for assembling construction modules of a construction/facing device.

Description

FACING OR CONSTRUCTION DEVICE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE DEVICE, AND METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING THE SAME

The invention relates to the field of construction or renovation of buildings, in particular of individual houses.

The invention relates to a construction, renovation or siding device having thermally insulating properties, and more particularly to a pre-fabricated module.

The so-called "traditional" construction of a house is designed from the elevation of breeze blocks and an interior insulation by mineral wool and bricks. The exterior cladding of the house is most often made by a coating applied to the blocks. As a variant of a plaster, to give a stone construction aspect, it is possible to bring back bonding stones by gluing.

This type of construction is long implementation. When it comes to the renovation of a house in order to improve its thermal insulation coefficient U, to save energy, and secondarily to provide a new exterior coating, the known solution is also tedious . Indeed, it consists in covering the existing external walls with thermal insulation (generally in the form of plates) maintained by frames fixed against the walls, then to bring against this insulation a staple film-like coating.

The object of the invention is therefore to propose a thermally insulating construction or renovation device which is simple, quick to implement, and meets increasingly demanding standards such as BBC in France or PassivHaus in Germany.

To this end, the invention relates to a device comprising at least one module comprising a cladding panel and a thermal insulation layer, characterized in that the module is ready for installation and in that the facing panel is in stone, and the thermal insulation layer covers and is integral with the whole of one of the general faces of the facing panel, the thermal insulation layer having a coefficient of thermal conductivity less than 0.03 W / mK .

The device comprises several modules of the same configuration. With all of these modules according to the embodiment relating to the facing modules (facing panel associated with the insulating layer), a wall wall is produced which can be attached to the outside of a house, resulting in a effective renovation in terms of thermal insulation, or can be installed indoors both as an insulating and decorative device by the choice of stone facing panel.

According to another embodiment, the module, said construction module, further comprises a structure panel arranged opposite the facing panel and of identical dimensions to said facing panel, the thermal insulation layer being taken sandwiched between the two panels and securing the panels together.

This module above provides a so-called building module of which an assembled plurality directly produces a solid and insulating dwelling wall. The building modules form an "all-in-one" and replace the traditional construction requiring the successive installation of blocks, thermal insulation, bricks and plaster or equivalent siding system. Consequently, the device of the invention provides a multiplicity of prefabricated modules ready for use, that is to say their installation on site, so as to mount or build very quickly thermally insulated wall walls thermally the construction of residential walls or the renovation of existing walls, or the siding of interior or exterior walls, or the installation of insulating partitions within a dwelling, or the cladding and insulation of floors. The installation of modules is very fast, saving labor time on site.

The invention makes it possible to easily and rapidly upgrade an existing house by providing better thermal insulation. In this case, the modules are reported against the outside and by their constitution avoid any thermal bridge.

In addition, the thickness of the natural stone for the structural panel of the building module placed inside the house in combination with the polyurethane on the outside prevents phase shift, avoiding the dew point. Exterior cladding modules placed on a pre-existing wall have the same advantage. Modules do not need to include an intermediate insulating air gap. Preferably, the thermal insulation layer is polyurethane, in particular having a thermal conductivity coefficient of at most 0.026 W / mK. Polyurethane is particularly suitable in the method of manufacturing the modules because of its ease of implementation and speed of drying. In addition, it is a lightweight material that does not lead to a significant increase in the weight of the modules. Finally, it is durable without risk of emanation of toxic fumes over time, especially after installation of modules in the home.

The thickness of the thermal insulation layer is at least 5 cm to ensure its attachment to one of the panels.

Advantageously, a module, in particular of construction, has a thickness of at most 40 cm, which makes it possible to provide the mechanical rigidity useful for the construction of a wall without encroaching on the interior useful volume of the dwelling, while providing extra insulation and aesthetics, both indoors and outdoors. The stone of each panel facing the exterior and the interior has an appearance of good quality; it remains raw, which gives an authentic appearance to the house.

Io In addition, the type of insulating layer, its thickness and the thicknesses of the structural and facing panels are chosen to respect the maximum thickness of 40 cm of the module and provide a high performance thermal insulation coefficient, or even very high performance the separate requirements of the standards currently in place in terms of low energy consumption.

In particular, the building module of the invention has a surface transmission coefficient U of less than 0.25 W / m2.K, preferably less than 0.21 W / m2.K, and even less than 0.15 W / m2. m2.K. The module of the invention is thus particularly efficient since it meets the BBC standard whose U coefficient must be less than 0.50 W / m2.K or the German PassivHaus standard whose U coefficient must be at most 0 15 W / m2.K.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the construction module comprises a 20 cm thick structural panel, an insulation layer 12 cm thick, and a wallboard with a thickness of 8 cm, in particular the module having a thickness of 20 cm. U coefficient of 0.203 W / m2.K.

According to another exemplary embodiment, the construction module comprises a 15 cm thick structural panel, an 17 cm thick insulation layer, and a 8 cm thick facing panel, in particular the module having a U-value of 0.146 W / m2.K. 2978178 s The surface transmission coefficient U is measured according to the "BBC Effinergie" label calculated from the "Th-C-E ex" calculation engine developed by the Scientific and Technical Center for Building Construction (CSTB). Preferably, the thickness of the facing panel is at least 2 cm for a so-called hard stone having a porosity of 6 to 14 ° / o and a hardness AFNOR of 8 to 10, or at least 8 cm for a limestone having a porosity of 15 to 25 ° / o and an AFNOR hardness of 5 to 7. These io thicknesses are adapted according to the porosity of the stone to ensure hygrometric exchange.

In particular, for a cladding module (cladding panel and insulating layer) whose cladding panel is made of hard stone 2 cm thick and the thermal insulation layer has a thickness of 8 cm, the module has a surface transmission coefficient U equal to 0.35 W / m2.K. This module allows adding to an existing wall of a home, to provide efficient insulation of this wall.

Preferably, the thickness of the structural panel is at least 15 cm to provide the module with sufficient strength in its function as a building element.

For the building module, it is important that the structural panel which is arranged on the interior side of the house is a semi-firm to firm stone, that is to say having an AFNOR hardness between 5 and 7.

In one embodiment, the cladding panel comprises a plurality of stones arranged in a chosen pattern, such as opus or Roman opus, the stones being abutted or spaced apart by being integral with the insulation layer.

According to one characteristic, the module, in particular the cladding module, preferably comprises, at its edge and on one or more of the sides, one or more recesses. These recesses provide projecting parts for the modules. The recesses and the protruding parts of two adjacent modules, when mounted against a wall, are able to cooperate in complementarity in the manner of two male-female parts. This assembly by nesting contributes to the mechanical maintenance of all modules and avoids what is known to be called "saber strikes". The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a so-called facing module comprising only a facing panel and a thermal insulation layer, characterized in that, on a floor or a flat horizontal surface and in a a formwork whose perimeter has the shape and dimensions adapted to those desired for two large dimensions of the module, stones are distributed over the entire surface of the formwork, possibly according to the desired pattern, it is filled with sand spaces of separating the stones until reaching the upper surface of the stones, the insulating layer is deposited on the stones, such as by injection of the constituent material of the layer to a height corresponding to the desired thickness of the layer, after drying of the layer, it is available. According to the invention, the method of assembling a plurality of facing modules comprising only a facing panel provided with an arrangement of a plurality of stones, and a thermal insulation layer, is characterized in that that the modules are assembled by bonding the insulation layer to the wall for which they are intended and by mechanical fasteners, and in that joints are made between the stones of each facing panel and between the stones of two adjacent panels, the joints covering the mechanical fasteners.

According to the invention, the method of manufacturing a so-called construction module comprises the following steps, the structure panel and the facing panel are placed vertically and spaced apart at a spacing corresponding to the thickness of the insulation layer, is introduced, for example by injection, the material of the insulation layer between the panels while maintaining the spacing between the panels, after drying of the material, the module is completed.

Preferably, a plurality of modules are manufactured concomitantly.

Advantageously, the cladding and structural panels comprise, on their face facing the insulating layer, at least one, preferably two grooves which extend transversely to the vertical and according to the width of the panels from one edge to the other. 'other. By "vertical" is meant the standing position of the module when it is to be lifted. The insulation material is housed in these grooves during manufacture and constitutes the material for joining the panels, which thus makes it possible to oppose the shear forces acting at the interface of the layer and the panels when the module is raised.

According to the invention, the modules are assembled by a thermally insulating mortar, at least at the level of the thickness of the thermal insulation layer, preferably the mortar having a coefficient of thermal conductivity of less than 0.31 W / mK. .

In the remainder of the description the term "height", the qualifiers "superior", "lower", "high" and "low" of an element are used in the context of the module intended for its installation on site, it is that is, relative to a vertical notion in relation to a horizontal flat ground on which it would be placed.

The present invention is now described with the aid of examples which are only illustrative and in no way limit the scope of the invention, and from the attached illustrations, in which: FIG. 1 represents a perspective view of a module said siding or renovation according to the invention; FIG. 2a represents a perspective view in a vertical position of a construction module according to the invention; Figure 2b is a perspective view of the structure panel of Figure 2a; Figure 3 schematically illustrates a front view of a wall mounted from the building modules of Figure 2a; Figures 4 and 5 are partial schematic and front views of the assembly of the facing module of Figure 1 according to two respective variants of calepinage; Figure 6 is a sectional view in the horizontal plane of attachment and top of two adjacent modules of facing assembled to a wall wall; Figure 7 schematically illustrates a device for the manufacture of building modules according to Figure 2a. FIGS. 1 and 2a show, respectively, a module 1A for the renovation or facing of wall walls (outside or inside) or floor, hereinafter facing module, and a module 1B for the construction of walls. of a dwelling, hereinafter referred to as a building module.

The modules are ready for laying and thus have, in combination, all the features relating to the thermal insulation and the cladding, and each building module also has the structure function carrying an outer wall of a dwelling.

In a common manner, each module 1A, respectively 1B, comprises a facing panel 1 and a thermal insulation layer 2 integral with the entirety of one of the main faces of the facing panel.

s cladding panel 1 has two opposite major faces 10 and 11. The first face is joined to the layer 2, while the second face, said outer face, is intended to be facing the external environment.

The facing panel 1 is made of stone. Depending on the destination of the module, it will be a unitary stone block, especially for the building module, or a plurality of stones assembled to each other including the facing module. The assembly will be seen further.

The assembled stones can have different shape variants, in particular related to the type of material, the stones having been pruned previously or being in the raw state. Thus some stones will have straight or rounded contours.

Figure 1 shows stones 13 of rectangular surface providing a siding pattern of the type "Roman opus".

Figure 5 shows modules for which the constituent stones 14 facing panels are rounded shapes and assembled 25 in an arrangement called "opus".

For example, the stone is limestone hard or firm.

The thermal insulation layer 2 is integral with the facing panel 30 1.

In the case of the building module, the layer 2 is secured to one side of the cladding panel 1 and the other to the structure panel 3. In the latter case, it also plays the role of interface of assembly between the structural panel and the cladding panel.

The thermal insulation layer 2 has a coefficient of thermal conductivity less than 0.03 W / mK.

As a preferred example, the layer 2 is made of polyurethane and has a coefficient of thermal conductivity of 0.026 W / mK.

In addition, the polyurethane layer provides a sealing layer for the module. Indeed, depending on the porosity of the stone for the structural panel or facing when it is arranged outside, the layer 2 forms an impervious layer preventing water from entering the interior of the house. The thickness of the insulating layer 2 is at least 5 cm to ensure its attachment to the facing panel.

Each module is of parallelepipedic general shape. With reference to FIG. 3, the building modules 1B are intended to be mounted in the manner of blocks, in staggered rows, to guarantee the stability and resistance of the assembly and to avoid saber strikes.

For the facing modules 1A and as illustrated in FIG. 1, each module preferably comprises at its edge 12 on one or more of the sides, one or more recesses 4.

The recesses have shapes with straight edges and / or curves to form assembly means between modules in mutual cooperation of the male-female type. FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate examples of profiles which have been given to the slices of the modules during the manufacture thereof. The modules are assembled together by nesting.

s The profiles are straight or curved with concave or convex geometry, two adjacent modules having complementary shapes for their interlocking.

The modules 1A of Figure 4 have straight edges because the stones Io used for the facing panel are rectangular cut stones.

The modules 1A of Figure 5 have curved edges because the stones used 14 for the facing panel are rounded shapes. The building module 1B further comprises the facing panel 1 and the insulating layer 2, a structure panel 3.

The structure panels 3 of the modules provide the function of a wall-supporting structure when the building modules are assembled. They are equivalent in their function to traditional blocks.

Advantageously, a building module has a thickness of 40 cm, which provides the mechanical rigidity necessary for the construction of a wall without encroaching on the useful volume inside the house.

The building module 1B is installed during the construction of a dwelling so that the structural panel 3 is disposed inside the dwelling, while the cladding panel is arranged on the outside. After assembly of the modules, the structural panels being stone, no additional coating of the type coated or plaster is necessary. The interior walls of the house are finished.

s Similarly, the exterior of the house is completed, the facing panels 1 directly providing the outer covering with the stones of said panels.

With reference to FIGS. 2a and 2b, each structural panel 3 comprises two main faces 30 and 31, respectively called internal and external.

The outer face 31 is that opposite the external environment. It has a solid surface, so that after assembly of the modules 1B (Figure 3), the erected wall has a surface continuity. The inner face 30 is that inside the module and integral with the insulating layer 2.

Advantageously, the inner face 30 has grooves 32, preferably at least two, which extend along the width of the panel from one edge to the other. In the module manufacturing position to be described later, these grooves are arranged horizontally.

Similarly, the cladding panel 10 of the building module has grooves 15 extending along the width of the panel, horizontally, and from one edge to the other.

The grooves 32 and 15 of the respective panels do not necessarily need to be facing. During manufacture, the insulating layer is housed in these grooves ensuring better bonding of the layer to the panels, and therefore a better assembly of the entire module.

The depth of a groove according to the thickness of the panel is at least 1 cm. Its height is for example 2 cm.

The grooves are arranged horizontally, that is to say transversely to the direction of lifting of the modules out of the manufacturing device which will be described later.

Depending on the destination of the modules, siding or construction, and the value 10 of the surface transmission coefficient U, the thickness of the facing panels and the insulating layer and the thickness of the structure will be adapted.

The table below summarizes exemplary embodiments in which the stone of the structural panel is semi-firm limestone to firm, the stone of the facing panel is hard, the insulating layer is polyurethane. Module Thickness Thickness Thickness U (panel board panel W / m2.K.) Insulating structure polyurethane siding Module of 20 12 8 0.203 construction Module of 15 17 8 0.146 construction Module of - 8 2 0.35 siding 20 The process manufacturing of the modules and their installation on site are now described.

The manufacturing steps of the cladding module 1A are as follows: On a floor or a flat horizontal surface, creation of a formwork from a wooden frame whose perimeter has a shape and dimensions adapted to those desired for the modulus, and having a height of about 5 to 7 cm; s Installation of stones in the formwork distributed over the entire surface and according to the desired pattern; Sand filling of the spaces of separation of the stones until reaching flower of the upper surface of the stones; Pouring the insulating layer on the stones (injection of the polyurethane foam) to a height corresponding to the desired thickness of the layer; Drying of the layer. For polyurethane, the drying is in the open air, the solidification is very fast; Stripping. 1s The module is ready for installation.

In output of manufacture, the insulating layer 2 is of course apparent at the interstices or spaces between the stones. These spaces 20 will be filled by common joint material on the installation site after assembly of several modules. Indeed, it allows to choose as desired the color of the finishing gasket and especially to perform the joints once the wall installed to obtain a unit of color seals on the entire wall. The dimensions of the modules are preferably adapted so that they are not too heavy to be handled easily on site.

For example, they have dimensions of: 1 m × 0.5 m 1 m × 0.70 m 1 m × 1 m.

Preferably, for modules used for construction or wall cladding, they will not exceed 1.2 meters to be suitable for transport by pallets.

However, they can be of any size with custom dimensions. A module may for example have the dimensions of a partition to install in one piece.

The attachment of the facing module 1A against an already existing wall is done by gluing and mechanical fixing.

The adhesive is attached to both the wall and the insulating layer 2. The adhesive is also thermally insulating property, having a thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 0.31 W / mK. By way of example, it is possible to use the Cogetherm® insulating mortar. The modules are associated with each other as described above by nesting. Once the modules are glued, the mechanical fixing is carried out.

Figure 6 illustrates the mechanical attachment of two modules in a sectional view in the horizontal plane of attachment, and from above. Two adjacent modules 1A are glued to the side of the insulating layer 2 against a wall 7. They cooperate mutually at their recess 4, each portion 40 projecting from the recess are thus opposite. In the thickness of these protruding parts are attached fastening means 5 by screwing, the screw head protruding from the insulating layer 2 laterally to a stone 14. The screw head is then hidden by the seal 6 which is applied between the interstices of the stones.

In addition, in the end, the lines of separation of the modules are hidden by the joints 6 giving a unitary appearance to the entire wall.

When the cladding modules are used outdoors, although the polyurethane is impermeable, it is important that the gasket at the edge of the module according to the thickness of the insulating layer, has characteristics of airtightness and to water to ensure optimum air and water tightness of the wall wall formed by the assembled modules. The seal will also present a color adapted to the desired aesthetic. For example, the joint is based on lime, sand and natural ocher for color.

The manufacturing steps of the building module 1B are as follows from the schematic manufacturing device shown in FIG. 7.

The manufacturing device makes it possible to concomitantly manufacture several modules.

The building modules are rather manufactured according to the invention from structural panels and facing, each consisting of a unitary block of stone. The manufacturing device 8 comprises a formwork with four walls, two vertical longitudinal walls 80 and 81 facing each other and separated from the thickness of a module to be obtained, two vertical end walls 82 and 83, transverse to the longitudinal walls and closing the formwork, spacer plates 84 mounted parallel to the end walls and spaced from the width of a module, and compression means 85 adapted to exert compressive forces against the longitudinal and end walls.

The walls can be movable to facilitate their movement during the establishment and removal of the formwork. The walls are put in place and held in position by any means known to those skilled in the art, for example by pulling-pushing struts.

s A plurality of structural and facing panels are installed in the device 8 to fabricate a plurality of modules.

For each module to be obtained, the two facing panels 1 and 3 of structure are arranged vertically by placing them on the ground and such that Io their main external faces, respectively 11 and 31 are applied respectively against the longitudinal walls 80 and 81. This arrangement is named pre-module. The arrangement of the panels is ideally carried out by a lifting system.

The first pre-module is deposited so that the slice 12 of the future module is pressed against one of the end walls 82.

Then an intermediate plate 84 is disposed against the edge of the pre-module opposite the end wall. A second pre-module is again arranged in the same way as the first by pressing it against the intermediate plate, and so on until the second end wall.

The polyurethane is injected from above the shuttering and along its entire length parallel to the longitudinal walls, thus introducing it between the panels of each pre-module.

The polyurethane is injected up to the upper edge of the 30 pre-modules and is leveled. At the same time that the material of the insulating layer is cast, the compression means are used to oppose the thrust forces of the material being injected, guaranteeing the final thickness of the modules.

The material is advantageously introduced into the horizontal grooves 15 and 32 of the panels ensuring, once the modules manufactured, a resistant to the risk of separation of the panels of the layer s when the modules are raised.

Once, the dry polyurethane, the compression means are released, the shuttering plates are spaced apart, the spacer plates are released, after lifting each module Io Finally, each module raised out of the manufacturing device, is deposited on a pallet, l the entire pallet being packaged for protection for transport.

The assembly of the building modules on site is made in a staggered arrangement, in the manner of blocks, so as to avoid the saber strokes.

The modules are assembled, at least on their edge according to the thickness of the insulating layer 2, with a thermally insulating mortar having a coefficient of thermal conductivity of less than 0.31 W / mK.

In addition, the mortar has water and air tightness properties.

Advantageously, the mortar comprises pumice stone. The mortar used is, for example, Cogetherm® insulating mortar.

At the level of the slice according to the thickness of the cladding panels and structure, the mortar used may be different from that affixed against the insulating layer. This mortar is for example based on lime, sand and natural ocher. It is colored stone panels for a unit of color once the wall is made.

To apply in a differentiated manner the two types of mortar, use for example a grid whose mesh widths will correspond to the thicknesses of the panels and the layer.

s The bonding means (both types of mortar) act as joints between the modules. They have on the periphery of the modules a preferential thickness of 7 mm.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS1. Construction or cladding device comprising at least one module (1A, 1B) comprising a cladding panel (1) and a thermal insulation layer (2), characterized in that the module (1A, 1B) is ready to the laying and in that the cladding panel (1) is made of stone, and the thermal insulation layer (2) covers and is integral with the entirety of one of the general faces of the cladding panel, the cladding layer thermal insulation having a thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 0.03 W / mK. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the module, said construction (1B), further comprises a ls structure panel (3) arranged opposite the facing panel (1) and dimensions identical to said facing panel, the thermal insulation layer (2) being sandwiched between the two panels (1, 3) and ensuring the joining of the panels together. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thermal insulation layer (2) is polyurethane, in particular having a coefficient of thermal conductivity of at most 0.026 W / mK. 4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the thermal insulation layer (2) is at least 5 cm. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a module has a thickness of at most 40 cm. 30 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the building module has a surface transmittance coefficient U of less than 0.25 W / m2.K, preferably less than 0.21 W / m2. K, or even less than 0.15 W / m2. K. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the facing panel (1) comprises a plurality of stones (13, 14) arranged according to a chosen calepinage, such as opus or Roman opus, the stones being butted or spaced apart being integral with the insulation layer (2). Device according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the facing panels (1) and structure (3) have on their face facing the insulating layer at least one, preferably two grooves (15, 32 ) which extend according to the width of the panels from one edge to the other. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the module, in particular the cladding module (1A), preferably comprises at its edge and on one or more of the sides, one or more recesses (4). Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a multiplicity of ready-to-use modules used for the construction of residential walls or the renovation of existing walls, or the cladding of interior walls or exterior, or the installation of insulating partitions inside a dwelling, or the siding and the insulation of grounds. 11. A method of manufacturing a facing module (1A) of the device according to any one of the preceding claims, the module comprising only a facing panel (1) and a thermal insulation layer (2), Characterized in that, on a horizontal flat surface or surface and in a formwork whose perimeter has a 7. 8. 9. 10. 25form and dimensions adapted to those desired for two large dimensions of the module, - stones are distributed over the entire formwork surface, possibly according to the desired pattern, - sand is filled with separation of the stones until reaching the upper surface of the stones, - the insulating layer is deposited on the stones, such as by injection of the constituent material of the layer to a height corresponding to the desired thickness of the layer, after drying of the layer, it is exposed. 12. A method of manufacturing a so-called construction module (1B) of the device according to any one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that, preferably, a plurality of modules is manufactured concomitantly, for at least one module, one 15 vertically and spaced apart the structural panel (3) and the facing panel (1) at a spacing corresponding to the thickness of the thermal insulation layer (2), the material of the layer is introduced insulation between the panels while maintaining the spacing between the panels, after drying of the material, the module is completed. 13. A method of assembling a plurality of facing modules (1A) of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the modules comprising only a facing panel (1) provided with an arrangement of a plurality of stones, and a thermal insulation layer (2), characterized in that the modules are assembled by bonding the thermal insulation layer to the wall for which they are intended and by mechanical fasteners (5) and in that joints are made between the stones of each facing panel and between the stones of two adjacent panels, the joints covering the mechanical fasteners. A method of assembling a plurality of building modules of the device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the modules are assembled by a thermally insulating mortar, at least at the level of the thickness of the layer thermal insulation (2), preferably the mortar having a coefficient of thermal conductivity X. less than 0.31 W / mK.