EP3388592B1 - Self-supporting roof panel - Google Patents

Self-supporting roof panel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3388592B1
EP3388592B1 EP18165772.7A EP18165772A EP3388592B1 EP 3388592 B1 EP3388592 B1 EP 3388592B1 EP 18165772 A EP18165772 A EP 18165772A EP 3388592 B1 EP3388592 B1 EP 3388592B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
longitudinal
self
face
layer
supporting composite
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EP18165772.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3388592A1 (en
Inventor
Christian BALANCHE
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Simonin Sas
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Simonin Sas
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/205—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having non-structural supports for roofing materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
    • E04B7/22—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
    • E04B7/225—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material the slabs having non-structural supports for roofing materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/352—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material at least one insulating layer being located between non-insulating layers, e.g. double skin slabs or sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/351—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material
    • E04D3/355—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation at least one of the layers being composed of insulating material, e.g. fibre or foam material the insulating layers of adjacent slabs having cooperating edges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/35—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation
    • E04D3/358—Roofing slabs or stiff sheets comprising two or more layers, e.g. for insulation with at least one of the layers being offset with respect to another layer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of building, and more particularly to a self-supporting composite roof panel.
  • each of these known panels is waterproof, the assembly of one of these panels with an adjacent similar panel is not always efficient waterproofing. In fact, the sealing between these known panels is produced, in a conventional manner, during the assembly of the latter on a framework by the installation between said adjacent panels of a bead of expanding foam.
  • the known panels which are intended to be fixed on and between the wooden frame elements, do not necessarily allow cantilever parts to be produced along the edges of the roofs.
  • the aim of the present invention is therefore to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and to present an alternative to existing roofing panels by proposing a self-supporting composite panel that is easy and quick to implement with little labor, making it possible to carry out an installation. out of water from a building in a single operation, and guaranteeing perfect watertight and airtightness.
  • the present invention relates to a self-supporting composite panel according to claim 1.
  • the composite panel is remarkable in that its longitudinal edges are such that the longitudinal junction between two adjacent elements is obtained by bringing the latter together by resting the first and third inclined faces of the longitudinal edge of the first of said two elements against the first and third inclined faces of the longitudinal edge of the second of said two elements, until the second inclined face of said longitudinal edge of said first element comes into contact with the second inclined face of said longitudinal edge of said second element.
  • Each of the first and second longitudinal cutouts of the longitudinal edge preferably receives a seal.
  • the first longitudinal cutout is preferably made in the inner facing layer and the second longitudinal cutout is made up to the outer facing layer.
  • the first and second inclined faces of the longitudinal edge of each element are determined by a reinforcing slat fixed to the first reinforcing layer and against the insulating layer.
  • the under-roof screen layer of an element extends beyond the latter to partially cover the adjacent element or elements.
  • the inner facing layer is preferably provided with a groove arranged transversely in the vicinity of one of its longitudinal ends and arranged to cooperate with a cleat disposed at least in part projecting on top of the shelf of the frame to maintain the self-supporting composite panel in position on the latter.
  • the element comprises at least one longitudinal reinforcing bar integral with the first reinforcing layer and arranged in the insulating layer, said longitudinal reinforcing bar extending between the side edges of said element parallel to its longitudinal edges.
  • the invention also relates to a method of mounting self-supporting composite panels according to the invention at least on the runner and the ridge of the frame of a residential house to form its roof, remarkable in that one of the longitudinal edges of an element of each self-supporting composite panel cooperates with the longitudinal edge of cross-section of complementary shape of an element of the adjacent self-supporting composite panel, said self-supporting composite panels being arranged for the longitudinal edges to be perpendicular or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ridge, the joining of self-supporting composite panels adjacent to each other and their attachment to at least the runner and the ridge of the frame being carried out by fasteners.
  • a dwelling house 1 comprising front walls 2 on which rests a frame 3 covered in part by self-supporting composite panels 10 according to the invention forming the roof 4 of said dwelling house 1, said frame 3 comprising a plurality of conventionally wooden elements such as, for example, runners 5, intermediate purlins 6 or even ridge tops 7.
  • the self-supporting composite panels 10 according to the invention can also be used to cover a building of any other type such as, for example, an office building or even an industrial building, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • each self-supporting composite panel 10 comprises at least one element 11 in the overall shape of an elongated parallelepiped comprising an inner face 12 and an outer face 13 which may or may not be mutually parallel, side edges 14 and longitudinal edges 15, 16 connecting between them said inner and outer faces 12, 13.
  • Said side edges 14 are preferably generally planar (Cf. figure 5 ), but they may however have a more or less curved cross section to allow, for example, the installation of roofing accessories, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the term "interior” and “exterior” is understood here to mean an element or part of a constituent element of the self-supporting composite panel 10 which is reciprocally located on the interior side and on the exterior side of the dwelling house 1, when the self-supporting composite panel 10 is placed on the frame 3 of said dwelling house 1.
  • each element 11 is composed of a plurality of layers assembled together by any suitable technique such as, for example, gluing, heat sealing or even screwing.
  • the interior face 12 is determined by the layer of the element 11 located most inside, namely in the example described the interior facing layer 17.
  • the outer face 13 is determined by the layer of the element 11 located outermost, namely in the example described the layer of battens 25.
  • the interior facing layer 17 is the finished layer or semi-finished which is visible from inside the dwelling house 1 when the self-supporting composite panel 10 is placed on the frame 3 of said dwelling house 1. Said interior facing layer 17 can therefore be formed a plate of different thicknesses in different materials such as, for example, plaster, metal, chipboard, or even wood but of different species. For mainly economic reasons, said interior facing layer 17 advantageously consists of a 20 mm thick spruce board which can be raw, covered with paint or varnish, or even structured with decorative or sound-absorbing elements.
  • the first reinforcing layer 18 is a layer which helps to provide each element 11 of the self-supporting composite panel 10 with longitudinal and transverse stability and rigidity.
  • This first reinforcing layer 18 can therefore consist of a plate of different thicknesses made of different materials such as, for example, solid wood of different species, chipboard or even metal.
  • said reinforcing layer 18 is advantageously made of a raw plywood plate 5 mm thick.
  • the second reinforcing layer 20 is preferably identical to the first reinforcing layer 18.
  • the insulating layer 19 is the layer which largely makes it possible to obtain for each element 11 of the panel self-supporting composite 10 the desired level of thermal insulation.
  • This insulating layer 19 preferably consists of a sheet of expanded polystyrene (EPS).
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • the expanded polystyrene is advantageously of the graphite type, with a minimum density of 25 kg / m3 and flame retardant, that is to say self-extinguishing (not propagating fire).
  • expanded polystyrene is particularly interesting because it contains 96 to 98% static dry air and only 2 to 4% synthetic material and it is free of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) responsible in part for the destruction of the layer of ozone.
  • expanded polystyrene does not constitute a culture medium for pests, plants, or microorganisms, it is rot-proof, durable and completely recyclable.
  • the thickness of the insulating layer 19 will be adapted to obtain a thermal resistance R corresponding to said thermal insulation.
  • R resistance value in m2.K / W (Square meter-Kelvin per Watt) according to the thickness of the EPS plate: EPS plate thickness (mm) Thermal resistance R (m2.K / W) 181 7, 14 215 8, 12 270 9, 89 280 10.21
  • the insulating layer 19 may also be composed of several plates assembled together in a superimposed manner, the latter possibly being of different materials and / or thicknesses. This particular configuration makes it possible, for example, to obtain, for a given thickness, a thermal resistance R higher than that given in the preceding table.
  • the outer facing layer 21 is preferably identical to the inner facing layer 17. However, this outer facing layer 21 is obviously raw since it is not visible.
  • the soundproofing layer 22 is implemented to achieve sound insulation between the exterior and the interior of the dwelling 1. For ecological reasons and mechanical strength, said soundproofing layer 22 is preferably made of a 35 mm thick wood fiber plate.
  • the under-roof screen layer 23 is waterproof in order to prevent water from entering the interior of the dwelling 1.
  • the under-roof screen layer 23 is constituted by a flexible fabric or the like. Said under-roof screen layer 23 extends beyond the element 11 of the self-supporting composite panel 10 to allow a partial covering of the adjacent element or elements 11 to ensure the continuity of the waterproofing (Cf. figures 4 and 5 ).
  • the layer of longitudinal slats 24 consists of a plurality of wooden slats 24, preferably three, spaced parallel to each other and extending along the length of the associated element 11. This layer of longitudinal slats 24 allows the possible installation of the layer of battens 25. These longitudinal slats 24 also participate, by acting as longitudinal mechanical reinforcement, in the fixing of the elements 11 and / or of the self-supporting composite panels 10 between them. and / or on the frame 3 of said dwelling house 1.
  • the layer of battens 25 is formed by a plurality of wooden slats 25 spaced parallel to each other and extending perpendicular to said longitudinal slats 24 and allowing the installation of the roofing elements of the tile type, their spacing and number. depending on the dimensions of said roofing element selected by the owner of the dwelling house 1.
  • said longitudinal edges 15,16 of each element 11 are of specific shape so as to allow both an easy junction with an adjacent element and an airtight seal provided between two adjacent elements 11, regardless of the team of fitters employed to install the self-supporting composite panel 10 on the dwelling house 1
  • the longitudinal edges 15, 16 of each element 11 have cross sections of complementary shape, that is to say that, with reference to the figure 4 , the longitudinal edge 16 of the element 11 cooperates with the longitudinal edge 15 'of an adjacent element 11' by engaging at least partially in the latter (Cf. figure 4 ) so that their inner faces 12,12 'and outer 13,13' are coplanar when the two elements 11,11 'are assembled.
  • the longitudinal edge 15 comprises a first longitudinal cut 26 in the form of a J arranged on the side of the inner face 12 of the element 11, preferably in the inner facing layer 17, a second longitudinal cut 27 in the form of a J arranged in the side of the outer face 13 of the element 11, preferably up to the outer facing layer 21, and a generally inclined intermediate cutout 28 joining the first and second longitudinal cutouts 26,27.
  • Said intermediate cutout 28 has an inclined N-shaped cross section and therefore comprises a first inclined face 29, a second inclined face 30 and a third inclined face 31.
  • Said first inclined face 29 comes from the longitudinal edge of the first longitudinal cutout 26 located on the side of the outer face 13 of the element 11 and extends in the direction of the latter and the inside of said element 11.
  • Said second inclined face 30 comes from the free longitudinal edge of the first inclined face 29 and extends in the direction of the interior face 12 of the element 11 and the interior of the latter.
  • said third inclined face 31 comes from the free longitudinal edge of the second inclined face 30 and extends in the direction of the outer face 13 of the element 11 and from the inside of the latter, until it reaches the edge. longitudinal of the second longitudinal cutout 27 located on the side of the inner face 12 of the element 11.
  • the longitudinal edge 16 which has a shape complementary to that of the longitudinal edge 15, therefore comprises a first longitudinal cut 32 in the form of a J pivoted 90 ° in the clockwise direction and arranged on the side of the inner face 12 of element 11, preferably in the inner facing layer 17, a second J-shaped longitudinal cutout 33 rotated 90 ° clockwise and arranged on the side of the outer face 13 of element 11, preferably up to 'to the outer facing layer 21, and a generally inclined intermediate cutout 34 joining the first and second longitudinal cutouts 32,33.
  • Said intermediate cutout 34 also has an inclined N-shaped cross section and therefore comprises a first inclined face 35, a second inclined face 36 and a third inclined face 37.
  • Said first inclined face 35 comes from the longitudinal edge of the first longitudinal cutout 32 located on the side of the outer face 13 of the element 11 and extends towards the latter and from the outside of the said element 11.
  • Said second inclined face 36 comes from the free longitudinal edge of the first inclined face 35 and extends in the direction of the inner face 13 of the element 11 and the outside of the latter.
  • said third inclined face 37 comes from the free longitudinal edge of the second inclined face 36 and extends in the direction of the outer face 13 of the element 11 and from the inside of the latter, until it reaches the edge. longitudinal of the second longitudinal cutout 33 located on the side of the inner face 12 of the element 11.
  • the longitudinal junction between two adjacent elements 11,11 ' is obtained by bringing the latter together by pressing the first and third inclined faces 35,37 of the longitudinal edge 16 of the element 11 against the first and third inclined faces 29', 31 'of the longitudinal edge 15' of the element 11 ', until the second inclined face 36 of said longitudinal edge 16 comes into contact with the second inclined face 30' of said longitudinal edge 15 '.
  • seals 38 are preferably placed in the first and second longitudinal cutouts 26 ', 27' of the longitudinal edge 15 'of the element 11' and compressed. respectively by the first and second longitudinal cutouts 32, 33 of the longitudinal edge 16 of the element 11.
  • a fixing member not shown, of the screw type for example, is placed at the right of the junction of the longitudinal edges 15 ', 16 along the centerline AA' of the figure 4 so as to pass at least in part through said two elements 11,11 ', said fixing member also making it possible to compress the seals 38.
  • the first 29,29 'and second inclined faces 30,30' of the longitudinal edge 15,15 'of each element 11,11' are determined by a reinforcing slat 39,39 'fixed on the first reinforcing layer 18 and against the insulating layer 19.
  • Said reinforcing slat 39, 39 ′ is advantageously made of solid wood to allow good grip of said fixing member.
  • Each element 11 is approximately 120 cm wide and its length corresponds to the length of the roof section 4.
  • Each self-supporting composite panel 10 may, as required, comprise one or two elements 11.
  • the element 11 of the self-supporting composite panel 10 arranged at the edge of the roof 4 of the dwelling house 1 may include an edge. longitudinal 15 or 16 substantially plane to allow the installation of the fascia board, not shown, along the edges of the roof 4, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • each self-supporting composite panel 10 is fixed at least on the runner 5 and the ridge 7 of the frame 3 by a fixing member, not shown, of the screw type for example, placed at least at the right of the junction of the longitudinal edges of adjacent self-supporting composite panels 10, along at least each centerline of the figure 5 so as to pass through said two elements 11,11 'at the level of the rising slats 24 and at least partly the associated runner 5 or ridge 7.
  • the inner facing layer 17 is provided with a groove 40 arranged transversely in the vicinity of one of its longitudinal ends and arranged to cooperate with a cleat 8 disposed at least in part projecting on the above the runner 5 associated with the frame 3 to maintain the self-supporting composite panel 10 in position on the latter, before the installation of the fasteners.
  • seals 9 are put in place on the frame elements 3 before the installation of the self-supporting composite panels 10, the under-roof screen layer 23 of an element 11 partially covers the or the adjacent elements 11, and the space between them to the right of the ridge is filled with expansive foam 41.
  • the self-supporting composite panels 10 allow the installation of a roof 4 very quickly and the removal of water from a residential house 1 in a single operation while guaranteeing a perfect seal against water. water and air.
  • the design of the self-supporting composite panels 10 allows them to be placed on the frame 3 not only so as to have the longitudinal edges 15,16 of their element 11 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ridge 7, but also so as to have the longitudinal edges 15,16 of their element 11 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ridge 7.
  • each element 11,11 ' comprises at least one and preferably several bars longitudinal reinforcement 42 integral with the first reinforcing layer 18,18 'and arranged in the insulating layer 19,19', said longitudinal reinforcing bars 42 extending between the lateral edges of said element 11,11 'parallel to its longitudinal edges 15.15 ';16.16'.
  • each element 11,11 ' is guaranteed when the insulating layer 19,19' deteriorates following a significant rise in temperature generated by a fire in the roof.
  • the self-supporting composite panel 10 is preferably used for making the roof 4 of a residential house 1.
  • the self-supporting composite panel 10 can be adapted and used to cover d 'other types of buildings.

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne le domaine général du bâtiment, et plus particulièrement un panneau composite autoportant de toiture.The present invention relates to the general field of building, and more particularly to a self-supporting composite roof panel.

Technique antérieurePrior art

Dans le domaine de la couverture de maisons ou de bâtiments, il est connu d'utiliser des panneaux composites autoportants aptes à recevoir ou non une couverture classique du type tuile par exemple.In the field of roofing houses or buildings, it is known to use self-supporting composite panels capable of receiving or not a conventional roofing of the tile type, for example.

Ces panneaux composites connus, qui sont de plus en plus utilisés dans des maisons individuelles à plafond rampant ou à combles aménageables, remplissent de manière classique les fonctions suivantes :

  • portance : le panneau composite assure en partie la portance entre les éléments de charpente,
  • isolation thermique : le panneau composite comprend un isolant thermique,
  • parement intérieur : le panneau composite est prêt à recevoir les finitions intérieures,
  • contre liteaunage : le panneau composite doit pouvoir recevoir les liteaux (ou lattes) pour répondre à tous les types de couvertures en petits éléments tels que, par exemple, des tuiles,
  • étanchéité : le panneau composite doit assurer les fonctions de pare-pluie et pare-neige.
These known composite panels, which are increasingly used in single-family houses with sloping ceilings or with convertible attics, conventionally perform the following functions:
  • load-bearing capacity: the composite panel provides part of the load-bearing capacity between the structural elements,
  • thermal insulation: the composite panel includes thermal insulation,
  • interior facing: the composite panel is ready to receive interior finishes,
  • counter liteaunage: the composite panel must be able to receive the battens (or slats) to meet all types of roofing in small elements such as, for example, tiles,
  • waterproofing: the composite panel must perform the functions of rain and snow guard.

Si chacun de ces panneaux connus est étanche, l'assemblage d'un de ces panneaux avec un panneau semblable adjacent n'est pas toujours d'une étanchéité efficace. En effet, l'étanchéité entre ces panneaux connus est réalisée, de manière classique, lors du montage de ces derniers sur une charpente par la mise en place entre lesdits panneaux adjacents d'un cordon de mousse expansive.If each of these known panels is waterproof, the assembly of one of these panels with an adjacent similar panel is not always efficient waterproofing. In fact, the sealing between these known panels is produced, in a conventional manner, during the assembly of the latter on a framework by the installation between said adjacent panels of a bead of expanding foam.

Toutefois, cette technique présente les inconvénients d'être longue à mettre en œuvre et d'avoir une efficacité qui dépend principalement du professionnalisme de l'équipe de monteurs. En effet, si les monteurs ne font pas correctement les cordons de mousse expansive, l'étanchéité à l'eau et surtout à l'air entre les panneaux ne sera pas garantie, ce qui est préjudiciable dans les maisons d'habitations modernes à basse consommation d'énergie, dites BBC, construites dans le respect de la Réglementation Thermique RT2012 mise en place à la suite du Grenelle de l'Environnement.However, this technique has the drawbacks of being long to implement and of having an efficiency which depends mainly on the professionalism of the team of fitters. Indeed, if the fitters do not correctly make the expansive foam cords, the watertightness and especially the airtightness between the panels will not be guaranteed, which is detrimental in modern low-rise residential houses. energy consumption, say BBC, built in compliance with the RT2012 Thermal Regulations implemented following the Grenelle de l'Environnement.

En outre, les panneaux connus, qui sont prévus pour être fixés sur et entre les éléments de charpente en bois, ne permettent pas nécessairement de réaliser des parties en porte à faux le long des bords des toitures.In addition, the known panels, which are intended to be fixed on and between the wooden frame elements, do not necessarily allow cantilever parts to be produced along the edges of the roofs.

On comprend bien que le traitement actuel des jonctions entre panneaux adjacents avec un cordon de mousse expansive ne permet pas de garantir une isolation thermique continue sur l'ensemble de la toiture.It is well understood that the current treatment of the junctions between adjacent panels with a bead of expanding foam does not make it possible to guarantee continuous thermal insulation over the entire roof.

Enfin, On connaît également des panneaux composites connus tels que ceux décrits dans la demande de brevet allemand DE 30 11 159 présentant des bords longitudinaux spécifiques. Toutefois, ces derniers ne garantissent pas une étanchéité avec les panneaux adjacents.Finally, known composite panels such as those described in the German patent application are also known. FROM 30 11 159 with specific longitudinal edges. However, these do not guarantee a seal with the adjacent panels.

Exposé de l'inventionDisclosure of the invention

Le but de la présente invention est donc de pallier les inconvénients précédemment cités et de présenter une alternative aux panneaux de toiture existants en proposant un panneau composite autoportant facile et rapide à mettre en œuvre avec peu de main d'œuvre, permettant de réaliser une mise hors d'eau d'un bâtiment en une seule opération, et garantissant une parfaite étanchéité à l'eau et à l'air.The aim of the present invention is therefore to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and to present an alternative to existing roofing panels by proposing a self-supporting composite panel that is easy and quick to implement with little labor, making it possible to carry out an installation. out of water from a building in a single operation, and guaranteeing perfect watertight and airtightness.

A cet égard, la présente invention a pour objet un panneau composite autoportant selon la revendication 1. Le panneau composite est remarquable en ce que ses bords longitudinaux sont tels que la jonction longitudinale entre deux éléments adjacents est obtenue en rapprochant ces derniers en mettant en appui les première et troisième faces inclinées du bord longitudinal du premier desdits deux éléments contre les première et troisième faces inclinées du bord longitudinal du deuxième desdits deux éléments, jusqu'à ce que la deuxième face inclinée dudit bord longitudinal dudit premier élément vienne en contact avec la deuxième face inclinée dudit bord longitudinal dudit deuxième élément.In this regard, the present invention relates to a self-supporting composite panel according to claim 1. The composite panel is remarkable in that its longitudinal edges are such that the longitudinal junction between two adjacent elements is obtained by bringing the latter together by resting the first and third inclined faces of the longitudinal edge of the first of said two elements against the first and third inclined faces of the longitudinal edge of the second of said two elements, until the second inclined face of said longitudinal edge of said first element comes into contact with the second inclined face of said longitudinal edge of said second element.

Chacune des première et deuxième découpes longitudinales du bord longitudinal reçoit de préférence un joint d'étanchéité.Each of the first and second longitudinal cutouts of the longitudinal edge preferably receives a seal.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, la découpe intermédiaire comporte :

  • une première face inclinée issue du bord longitudinal de la première découpe longitudinale situé du côté de la face extérieure de l'élément et s'étendant en direction de cette dernière et de l'intérieur dudit élément,
  • une deuxième face inclinée issue du bord longitudinal libre de la première face inclinée et s'étendant en direction de la face intérieure de l'élément et de l'intérieur de ce dernier, et
  • une troisième face inclinée issue du bord longitudinal libre de la deuxième face inclinée et s'étendant en direction de la face extérieure de l'élément et de l'intérieur de ce dernier, jusqu'à rejoindre le bord longitudinal de la deuxième découpe longitudinale situé du côté de la face intérieure de l'élément.
According to a preferred embodiment, the intermediate cutout comprises:
  • a first inclined face coming from the longitudinal edge of the first longitudinal cutout located on the side of the outer face of the element and extending towards the latter and from the inside of said element,
  • a second inclined face issuing from the free longitudinal edge of the first inclined face and extending towards the interior face of the element and the interior of the latter, and
  • a third inclined face coming from the free longitudinal edge of the second inclined face and extending in the direction of the outer face of the element and of the interior of the latter, until reaching the longitudinal edge of the second longitudinal cutout located of side of the inside face of the element.

De manière avantageuse, chaque élément est multicouche et comporte avantageusement, de sa face intérieure à sa face extérieure, au moins les couches suivantes :

  • une couche de parement intérieur,
  • une première couche de renfort,
  • une couche isolante,
  • une deuxième couche de renfort,
  • une couche de parement extérieur,
  • une couche de sous-couverture phonique,
  • une couche écran de sous toiture,
  • une couche de lattes longitudinales, et
  • une couche de voliges et/ou panneaux.
Advantageously, each element is multilayer and advantageously comprises, from its inner face to its outer face, at least the following layers:
  • a layer of interior facing,
  • a first layer of reinforcement,
  • an insulating layer,
  • a second layer of reinforcement,
  • a layer of exterior facing,
  • a layer of sound insulation,
  • a screen layer of under the roof,
  • a layer of longitudinal slats, and
  • a layer of battens and / or panels.

La première découpe longitudinale est aménagée de préférence dans la couche de parement intérieur et la deuxième découpe longitudinale est aménagée jusqu'à la couche de parement extérieur.The first longitudinal cutout is preferably made in the inner facing layer and the second longitudinal cutout is made up to the outer facing layer.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, les première et deuxième faces inclinées du bord longitudinal de chaque élément sont déterminées par une latte de renfort fixée sur la première couche de renfort et contre la couche isolante.According to a preferred embodiment, the first and second inclined faces of the longitudinal edge of each element are determined by a reinforcing slat fixed to the first reinforcing layer and against the insulating layer.

De manière avantageuse, la couche écran de sous toiture d'un élément s'étend au-delà de ce dernier pour recouvrir en partie le ou les éléments adjacents.Advantageously, the under-roof screen layer of an element extends beyond the latter to partially cover the adjacent element or elements.

La couche de parement intérieur est munie de préférence d'une rainure aménagée transversalement au voisinage de l'une de ses extrémités longitudinales et agencée pour coopérer avec un tasseau disposé au moins en partie en saillie sur le dessus de la sablière de la charpente pour maintenir le panneau composite autoportant en position sur cette dernière.The inner facing layer is preferably provided with a groove arranged transversely in the vicinity of one of its longitudinal ends and arranged to cooperate with a cleat disposed at least in part projecting on top of the shelf of the frame to maintain the self-supporting composite panel in position on the latter.

Selon une variante de réalisation, l'élément comporte au moins une barre longitudinale de renfort solidaire de la première couche de renfort et disposée dans la couche isolante, ladite barre longitudinale de renfort s'étendant entre les bords latéraux dudit élément parallèlement à ses bords longitudinaux.According to an alternative embodiment, the element comprises at least one longitudinal reinforcing bar integral with the first reinforcing layer and arranged in the insulating layer, said longitudinal reinforcing bar extending between the side edges of said element parallel to its longitudinal edges.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de montage de panneaux composites autoportants selon l'invention au moins sur la sablière et la faitière de la charpente d'une maison d'habitation pour former sa toiture, remarquable en ce que l'un des bords longitudinaux d'un élément de chaque panneau composite autoportant coopère avec le bord longitudinal de section transversale de forme complémentaire d'un élément du panneau composite autoportant adjacent, lesdits panneaux composites autoportants étant disposés pour les bords longitudinaux soient perpendiculaires ou parallèles à l'axe longitudinal de la faitière, la solidarisation de panneaux composites autoportants adjacents entre eux et leur fixation sur au moins sur la sablière et la faitière de la charpente étant réalisée par des organes de fixation.The invention also relates to a method of mounting self-supporting composite panels according to the invention at least on the runner and the ridge of the frame of a residential house to form its roof, remarkable in that one of the longitudinal edges of an element of each self-supporting composite panel cooperates with the longitudinal edge of cross-section of complementary shape of an element of the adjacent self-supporting composite panel, said self-supporting composite panels being arranged for the longitudinal edges to be perpendicular or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ridge, the joining of self-supporting composite panels adjacent to each other and their attachment to at least the runner and the ridge of the frame being carried out by fasteners.

Description sommaire des figuresBrief description of the figures

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront mieux de la description qui va suivre, d'un exemple particulier de réalisation, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, d'un panneau composite autoportant de toiture conforme à l'invention, en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une maison d'habitation recouverte en partie de panneaux composites autoportants selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un panneau composite autoportant selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un élément du panneau composite autoportant de la figure 2 selon l'axe III-III' ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une jonction de deux éléments d'un panneau composite autoportant adjacents selon l'axe III-III' de la figure 2 ou des éléments de deux panneaux composites autoportants adjacents ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un panneau composite autoportant de la figure 1 monté sur une charpente selon l'axe V-V' ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue en coupe transversale semblable à la figure 3 d'une variante de réalisation d'un élément du panneau composite autoportant.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge better from the description which follows, of a particular embodiment, given by way of nonlimiting example, of a self-supporting composite roof panel according to the invention, with reference to the figures. annexed on which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a residential house partially covered with self-supporting composite panels according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of a self-supporting composite panel according to the invention;
  • the figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an element of the self-supporting composite panel of the figure 2 along axis III-III ';
  • the figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of a junction of two elements of a self-supporting composite panel adjacent along axis III-III 'of the figure 2 or elements of two adjacent self-supporting composite panels;
  • the figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a self-supporting composite panel of the figure 1 mounted on a frame along the VV 'axis;
  • the figure 6 is a cross-sectional view similar to the figure 3 an alternative embodiment of an element of the self-supporting composite panel.

Meilleure manière de réaliser l'invention techniqueBest way to carry out the technical invention

En référence aux figures 1 et 5, on a représenté une maison d'habitation 1 comportant des murs 2 de façade sur lesquels repose une charpente 3 recouverte en partie par des panneaux composites autoportants 10 selon l'invention formant la toiture 4 de ladite maison d'habitation 1, ladite charpente 3 comportant une pluralité d'éléments classiquement en bois tels que, par exemple, des sablières 5, des pannes intermédiaires 6 ou encore des faitières 7.With reference to figures 1 and 5 , there is shown a dwelling house 1 comprising front walls 2 on which rests a frame 3 covered in part by self-supporting composite panels 10 according to the invention forming the roof 4 of said dwelling house 1, said frame 3 comprising a plurality of conventionally wooden elements such as, for example, runners 5, intermediate purlins 6 or even ridge tops 7.

Les panneaux composites autoportants 10 selon l'invention pourront également être utilisés pour recouvrir un bâtiment d'un tout autre type tel que, par exemple, un bâtiment de bureau ou encore un bâtiment industriel, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.The self-supporting composite panels 10 according to the invention can also be used to cover a building of any other type such as, for example, an office building or even an industrial building, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

En référence aux figures 2 à 5, chaque panneau composite autoportant 10 selon l'invention comporte au moins un élément 11 en forme globale de parallélépipède allongé comprenant une face intérieure 12 et une face extérieure 13 parallèles entre elles ou non, des bords latéraux 14 et des bords longitudinaux 15, 16 reliant entre elles lesdites faces intérieure et extérieure 12, 13.With reference to figures 2 to 5 , each self-supporting composite panel 10 according to the invention comprises at least one element 11 in the overall shape of an elongated parallelepiped comprising an inner face 12 and an outer face 13 which may or may not be mutually parallel, side edges 14 and longitudinal edges 15, 16 connecting between them said inner and outer faces 12, 13.

Lesdits bords latéraux 14 sont de préférence globalement plans (Cf. figure 5), mais ils pourront toutefois avoir une section transversale plus ou moins courbe pour permettre, par exemple, la pose d'accessoires de toiture, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention. On entend ici par "intérieur(e)" et "extérieur(e)" un élément ou une partie d'un élément constitutif du panneau composite autoportant 10 se situant réciproquement du côté intérieur et du côté extérieur de la maison d'habitation 1, lorsque le panneau composite autoportant 10 est mis en place sur la charpente 3 de ladite maison d'habitation 1.Said side edges 14 are preferably generally planar (Cf. figure 5 ), but they may however have a more or less curved cross section to allow, for example, the installation of roofing accessories, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The term "interior" and "exterior" is understood here to mean an element or part of a constituent element of the self-supporting composite panel 10 which is reciprocally located on the interior side and on the exterior side of the dwelling house 1, when the self-supporting composite panel 10 is placed on the frame 3 of said dwelling house 1.

Par ailleurs, chaque élément 11 est composé d'une pluralité de couches assemblées entre elles par toute technique adaptée telle que, par exemple, le collage, le thermocollage ou encore le vissage.Furthermore, each element 11 is composed of a plurality of layers assembled together by any suitable technique such as, for example, gluing, heat sealing or even screwing.

Ainsi, de sa face intérieure 12 à sa face extérieure 13, chaque élément 11 du panneau composite autoportant 10 est multicouche et comporte avantageusement au moins les couches suivantes :

  • une couche de parement intérieur 17,
  • une première couche de renfort 18,
  • une couche isolante 19,
  • une deuxième couche de renfort 20,
  • une couche de parement extérieur 21,
  • une couche de sous-couverture phonique 22,
  • une couche écran de sous toiture 23,
  • une couche de lattes longitudinales 24, et
  • une couche de voliges 25 et/ou panneaux permettant la mise en place des éléments de couverture du type tuile, par exemple, ou pour créer des réservations pour la mise en place de fenêtre de toit ou encore de conduit de cheminée.
Thus, from its inner face 12 to its outer face 13, each element 11 of the self-supporting composite panel 10 is multilayer and advantageously comprises at least the following layers:
  • a layer of interior facing 17,
  • a first reinforcing layer 18,
  • an insulating layer 19,
  • a second reinforcing layer 20,
  • a layer of exterior facing 21,
  • a layer of soundproofing 22,
  • a screen layer of under-roof 23,
  • a layer of longitudinal slats 24, and
  • a layer of battens 25 and / or panels allowing the installation of roofing elements of the tile type, for example, or to create reservations for the installation of a roof window or even a chimney duct.

La face intérieure 12 est déterminée par la couche de l'élément 11 située le plus à l'intérieur, à savoir dans l'exemple décrit la couche de parement intérieur 17.The interior face 12 is determined by the layer of the element 11 located most inside, namely in the example described the interior facing layer 17.

De façon analogue, la face extérieure 13 est déterminée par la couche de l'élément 11 située le plus à l'extérieur, à savoir dans l'exemple décrit la couche de voliges 25.Similarly, the outer face 13 is determined by the layer of the element 11 located outermost, namely in the example described the layer of battens 25.

La couche de parement intérieur 17 est la couche finie ou semi-finie qui est visible depuis l'intérieur de la maison d'habitation 1 lorsque le panneau composite autoportant 10 est mis en place sur la charpente 3 de ladite maison d'habitation 1. Ladite couche de parement intérieur 17 peut donc être constituée d'une plaque de différentes épaisseurs en différents matériaux tels que, par exemple, du plâtre, du métal, du bois aggloméré, ou encore du bois mais de différentes essences. Pour des raisons principalement économiques, ladite couche de parement intérieur 17 est constituée de manière avantageuse d'une plaque d'épicéa de 20 mm d'épaisseur pouvant être brut, recouverte de peinture ou vernis, ou encore structurée avec éléments décoratifs ou phoniques.The interior facing layer 17 is the finished layer or semi-finished which is visible from inside the dwelling house 1 when the self-supporting composite panel 10 is placed on the frame 3 of said dwelling house 1. Said interior facing layer 17 can therefore be formed a plate of different thicknesses in different materials such as, for example, plaster, metal, chipboard, or even wood but of different species. For mainly economic reasons, said interior facing layer 17 advantageously consists of a 20 mm thick spruce board which can be raw, covered with paint or varnish, or even structured with decorative or sound-absorbing elements.

La première couche de renfort 18 est une couche qui contribue à conférer à chaque élément 11 du panneau composite autoportant 10 de la stabilité et de la rigidité longitudinale et transversale. Cette première couche de renfort 18 peut donc être constituée d'une plaque de différentes épaisseurs en différents matériaux tels que, par exemple, du bois massif de différentes essences, du bois aggloméré ou encore du métal. Pour des raisons de résistance mécanique, ladite couche de renfort 18 est avantageusement constituée d'une plaque de contreplaqué brut de 5 mm d'épaisseur.The first reinforcing layer 18 is a layer which helps to provide each element 11 of the self-supporting composite panel 10 with longitudinal and transverse stability and rigidity. This first reinforcing layer 18 can therefore consist of a plate of different thicknesses made of different materials such as, for example, solid wood of different species, chipboard or even metal. For reasons of mechanical strength, said reinforcing layer 18 is advantageously made of a raw plywood plate 5 mm thick.

Pour des raisons évidentes d'économie et de rationalisation de la fabrication, la deuxième couche de renfort 20 est de préférence identique à la première couche de renfort 18.For obvious reasons of economy and rationalization of manufacture, the second reinforcing layer 20 is preferably identical to the first reinforcing layer 18.

Toutefois, pour des raisons de résistance au feu de chaque élément 11 du panneau composite autoportant 10, les première et deuxième couches de renfort 18,20 pourront ne pas être identiques, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention. La couche isolante 19 est la couche qui permet en grande partie d'obtenir pour chaque élément 11 du panneau composite autoportant 10 le niveau d'isolation thermique souhaité. Cette couche isolante 19 se compose de préférence d'une plaque de polystyrène expansé (PSE). Le polystyrène expansé est avantageusement du type graphité, de densité 25 kg/m3 minimum et ignifugé c'est-à-dire auto-extinguible (ne propageant pas le feu). Par ailleurs, le polystyrène expansé est particulièrement intéressant car il comporte 96 à 98 % d'air sec statique et uniquement 2 à 4 % de matière synthétique et il est exempt de chlorofluorocarbures (CFC) responsable en partie de la destruction de la couche d'ozone. En outre, le polystyrène expansé ne constitue pas un bouillon de culture pour les animaux nuisibles, les plantes, ou les micro-organismes, il est imputrescible, pérenne et totalement recyclable.However, for reasons of fire resistance of each element 11 of the self-supporting composite panel 10, the first and second reinforcing layers 18, 20 may not be identical, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The insulating layer 19 is the layer which largely makes it possible to obtain for each element 11 of the panel self-supporting composite 10 the desired level of thermal insulation. This insulating layer 19 preferably consists of a sheet of expanded polystyrene (EPS). The expanded polystyrene is advantageously of the graphite type, with a minimum density of 25 kg / m3 and flame retardant, that is to say self-extinguishing (not propagating fire). In addition, expanded polystyrene is particularly interesting because it contains 96 to 98% static dry air and only 2 to 4% synthetic material and it is free of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) responsible in part for the destruction of the layer of ozone. In addition, expanded polystyrene does not constitute a culture medium for pests, plants, or microorganisms, it is rot-proof, durable and completely recyclable.

L'épaisseur de la couche isolante 19 sera adaptée pour obtenir une résistance thermique R correspondant à ladite isolation thermique. Ainsi, le tableau suivant donne la valeur de résistance R en m2.K/W (Mètre carré-Kelvin par Watt) en fonction de l'épaisseur de la plaque de PSE : Epaisseur plaque PSE (mm) Résistance thermique R (m2.K/W) 181 7, 14 215 8, 12 270 9, 89 280 10,21 The thickness of the insulating layer 19 will be adapted to obtain a thermal resistance R corresponding to said thermal insulation. Thus, the following table gives the resistance value R in m2.K / W (Square meter-Kelvin per Watt) according to the thickness of the EPS plate: EPS plate thickness (mm) Thermal resistance R (m2.K / W) 181 7, 14 215 8, 12 270 9, 89 280 10.21

La couche isolante 19 pourra également être composée de plusieurs plaques assemblées entre elles de façon superposée, ces dernières pouvant être de différentes matières et/ou épaisseurs. Cette configuration particulière permet, par exemple, d'obtenir, pour une épaisseur donnée, une résistance thermique R plus élevée que celle donnée dans le tableau précédent.The insulating layer 19 may also be composed of several plates assembled together in a superimposed manner, the latter possibly being of different materials and / or thicknesses. This particular configuration makes it possible, for example, to obtain, for a given thickness, a thermal resistance R higher than that given in the preceding table.

Pour des raisons évidentes d'économie et de rationalisation de la fabrication, la couche de parement extérieur 21 est de préférence identique à la couche de parement intérieur 17. Toutefois, cette couche de parement extérieur 21 est évidemment brute puisque non visible.For obvious reasons of economy and rationalization of manufacture, the outer facing layer 21 is preferably identical to the inner facing layer 17. However, this outer facing layer 21 is obviously raw since it is not visible.

La couche de sous-couverture phonique 22 est mise en œuvre pour réaliser l'isolation acoustique entre l'extérieur et l'intérieur de la maison d'habitation 1. Pour des raisons écologiques et de tenue mécanique, ladite couche de sous-couverture phonique 22 est constituée de préférence d'une plaque de fibre de bois d'épaisseur 35 mm.The soundproofing layer 22 is implemented to achieve sound insulation between the exterior and the interior of the dwelling 1. For ecological reasons and mechanical strength, said soundproofing layer 22 is preferably made of a 35 mm thick wood fiber plate.

La couche écran de sous toiture 23 est imperméable à l'eau afin d'éviter l'entrée d'eau à l'intérieur de la maison d'habitation 1. Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, la couche écran de sous toiture 23 est constituée par une toile souple ou similaire. Ladite couche écran de sous toiture 23 s'étend au-delà de l'élément 11 du panneau composite autoportant 10 pour permettre un recouvrement en partie du ou des éléments 11 adjacents pour assurer la continuité de l'étanchéité (Cf. figures 4 et 5).The under-roof screen layer 23 is waterproof in order to prevent water from entering the interior of the dwelling 1. According to an advantageous embodiment, the under-roof screen layer 23 is constituted by a flexible fabric or the like. Said under-roof screen layer 23 extends beyond the element 11 of the self-supporting composite panel 10 to allow a partial covering of the adjacent element or elements 11 to ensure the continuity of the waterproofing (Cf. figures 4 and 5 ).

La couche de lattes longitudinales 24 est constituée par une pluralité de lattes 24 en bois, de préférence trois, espacées parallèlement entre elles et s'étendant le long de la longueur de l'élément 11 associé. Cette couche de lattes longitudinales 24 permet la mise en place éventuelle de la couche de voliges 25. Ces lattes longitudinales 24 participent également, en faisant office de renfort mécanique longitudinal, à la fixation des éléments 11 et/ou des panneaux composites autoportants 10 entre eux et/ou sur la charpente 3 de ladite maison d'habitation 1.The layer of longitudinal slats 24 consists of a plurality of wooden slats 24, preferably three, spaced parallel to each other and extending along the length of the associated element 11. This layer of longitudinal slats 24 allows the possible installation of the layer of battens 25. These longitudinal slats 24 also participate, by acting as longitudinal mechanical reinforcement, in the fixing of the elements 11 and / or of the self-supporting composite panels 10 between them. and / or on the frame 3 of said dwelling house 1.

La couche de voliges 25 est constituée par une pluralité de lattes 25 en bois espacées parallèlement entre elles et s'étendant perpendiculairement auxdites lattes longitudinales 24 et permettant la mise en place des éléments de couverture du type tuile, leurs espacement et nombre dépendant des dimensions dudit élément de couverture retenus par le propriétaire de la maison d'habitation 1.The layer of battens 25 is formed by a plurality of wooden slats 25 spaced parallel to each other and extending perpendicular to said longitudinal slats 24 and allowing the installation of the roofing elements of the tile type, their spacing and number. depending on the dimensions of said roofing element selected by the owner of the dwelling house 1.

En outre, lesdits bords longitudinaux 15,16 de chaque élément 11 sont de forme spécifique de manière à permettre à la fois une jonction aisée avec un élément adjacent et une étanchéité à l'air assurée entre deux éléments 11 adjacents, quelle que soit l'équipe de monteurs employée pour mettre en place le panneau composite autoportant 10 sur la maison d'habitation 1In addition, said longitudinal edges 15,16 of each element 11 are of specific shape so as to allow both an easy junction with an adjacent element and an airtight seal provided between two adjacent elements 11, regardless of the team of fitters employed to install the self-supporting composite panel 10 on the dwelling house 1

Pour ce faire, les bords longitudinaux 15, 16 de chaque élément 11 ont des sections transversales de forme complémentaire, c'est-à-dire que, en référence à la figure 4, le bord longitudinal 16 de l'élément 11 coopère avec le bord longitudinal 15' d'un élément 11' adjacent en s'engageant au moins en partie dans ce dernier (Cf. figure 4) de manière à ce que leurs faces intérieures 12,12' et extérieures 13,13' soient coplanaires lorsque les deux éléments 11,11' sont assemblés.To do this, the longitudinal edges 15, 16 of each element 11 have cross sections of complementary shape, that is to say that, with reference to the figure 4 , the longitudinal edge 16 of the element 11 cooperates with the longitudinal edge 15 'of an adjacent element 11' by engaging at least partially in the latter (Cf. figure 4 ) so that their inner faces 12,12 'and outer 13,13' are coplanar when the two elements 11,11 'are assembled.

Ainsi, en référence à la figure 3, le bord longitudinal 15 comporte une première découpe longitudinale 26 en forme de J aménagée du côté de la face intérieure 12 de l'élément 11, de préférence dans la couche de parement intérieur 17, une deuxième découpe longitudinale 27 en forme de J aménagée du côté de la face extérieure 13 de l'élément 11, de préférence jusqu'à la couche de parement extérieur 21, et une découpe intermédiaire 28 globalement inclinée rejoignant les première et deuxième découpes longitudinales 26,27.Thus, with reference to the figure 3 , the longitudinal edge 15 comprises a first longitudinal cut 26 in the form of a J arranged on the side of the inner face 12 of the element 11, preferably in the inner facing layer 17, a second longitudinal cut 27 in the form of a J arranged in the side of the outer face 13 of the element 11, preferably up to the outer facing layer 21, and a generally inclined intermediate cutout 28 joining the first and second longitudinal cutouts 26,27.

Ladite découpe intermédiaire 28 a une section transversale en forme de N incliné et comporte donc une première face inclinée 29, une deuxième face inclinée 30 et une troisième face inclinée 31.Said intermediate cutout 28 has an inclined N-shaped cross section and therefore comprises a first inclined face 29, a second inclined face 30 and a third inclined face 31.

Ladite première face inclinée 29 est issue du bord longitudinal de la première découpe longitudinale 26 situé du côté de la face extérieure 13 de l'élément 11 et s'étend en direction de cette dernière et de l'intérieur dudit élément 11.Said first inclined face 29 comes from the longitudinal edge of the first longitudinal cutout 26 located on the side of the outer face 13 of the element 11 and extends in the direction of the latter and the inside of said element 11.

Ladite deuxième face inclinée 30 est issue du bord longitudinal libre de la première face inclinée 29 et s'étend en direction de la face intérieure 12 de l'élément 11 et de l'intérieur de ce dernier.Said second inclined face 30 comes from the free longitudinal edge of the first inclined face 29 and extends in the direction of the interior face 12 of the element 11 and the interior of the latter.

Enfin, ladite troisième face inclinée 31 est issue du bord longitudinal libre de la deuxième face inclinée 30 et s'étend en direction de la face extérieure 13 de l'élément 11 et de l'intérieur de ce dernier, jusqu'à rejoindre le bord longitudinal de la deuxième découpe longitudinale 27 situé du côté de la face intérieure 12 de l'élément 11.Finally, said third inclined face 31 comes from the free longitudinal edge of the second inclined face 30 and extends in the direction of the outer face 13 of the element 11 and from the inside of the latter, until it reaches the edge. longitudinal of the second longitudinal cutout 27 located on the side of the inner face 12 of the element 11.

De manière analogue, le bord longitudinal 16, qui a une forme complémentaire à celle du bord longitudinal 15, comporte donc une première découpe longitudinale 32 en forme de J pivoté de 90° dans le sens horaire et aménagée du côté de la face intérieure 12 de l'élément 11, de préférence dans la couche de parement intérieur 17, une deuxième découpe longitudinale 33 en forme de J pivoté de 90° dans le sens horaire et aménagée du côté de la face extérieure 13 de l'élément 11, de préférence jusqu'à la couche de parement extérieur 21, et une découpe intermédiaire 34 globalement inclinée rejoignant les première et deuxième découpes longitudinales 32,33.Similarly, the longitudinal edge 16, which has a shape complementary to that of the longitudinal edge 15, therefore comprises a first longitudinal cut 32 in the form of a J pivoted 90 ° in the clockwise direction and arranged on the side of the inner face 12 of element 11, preferably in the inner facing layer 17, a second J-shaped longitudinal cutout 33 rotated 90 ° clockwise and arranged on the side of the outer face 13 of element 11, preferably up to 'to the outer facing layer 21, and a generally inclined intermediate cutout 34 joining the first and second longitudinal cutouts 32,33.

Ladite découpe intermédiaire 34 a également une section transversale en forme de N incliné et comporte donc une première face inclinée 35, une deuxième face inclinée 36 et une troisième face inclinée 37.Said intermediate cutout 34 also has an inclined N-shaped cross section and therefore comprises a first inclined face 35, a second inclined face 36 and a third inclined face 37.

Ladite première face inclinée 35 est issue du bord longitudinal de la première découpe longitudinale 32 situé du côté de la face extérieure 13 de l'élément 11 et s'étend en direction de cette dernière et de l'extérieur dudit élément 11.Said first inclined face 35 comes from the longitudinal edge of the first longitudinal cutout 32 located on the side of the outer face 13 of the element 11 and extends towards the latter and from the outside of the said element 11.

Ladite deuxième face inclinée 36 est issue du bord longitudinal libre de la première face inclinée 35 et s'étend en direction de la face intérieure 13 de l'élément 11 et de l'extérieur de ce dernier.Said second inclined face 36 comes from the free longitudinal edge of the first inclined face 35 and extends in the direction of the inner face 13 of the element 11 and the outside of the latter.

Enfin, ladite troisième face inclinée 37 est issue du bord longitudinal libre de la deuxième face inclinée 36 et s'étend en direction de la face extérieure 13 de l'élément 11 et de l'intérieur de ce dernier, jusqu'à rejoindre le bord longitudinal de la deuxième découpe longitudinale 33 situé du côté de la face intérieure 12 de l'élément 11.Finally, said third inclined face 37 comes from the free longitudinal edge of the second inclined face 36 and extends in the direction of the outer face 13 of the element 11 and from the inside of the latter, until it reaches the edge. longitudinal of the second longitudinal cutout 33 located on the side of the inner face 12 of the element 11.

En référence à la figure 4, la jonction longitudinale entre deux éléments 11,11' adjacents est obtenue en rapprochant ces derniers en mettant en appui les première et troisième faces inclinées 35,37 du bord longitudinal 16 de l'élément 11 contre les première et troisième faces inclinées 29',31' du bord longitudinal 15' de l'élément 11', jusqu'à ce que la deuxième face inclinée 36 dudit bord longitudinal 16 vienne en contact avec la deuxième face inclinée 30' dudit bord longitudinal 15'.With reference to the figure 4 , the longitudinal junction between two adjacent elements 11,11 'is obtained by bringing the latter together by pressing the first and third inclined faces 35,37 of the longitudinal edge 16 of the element 11 against the first and third inclined faces 29', 31 'of the longitudinal edge 15' of the element 11 ', until the second inclined face 36 of said longitudinal edge 16 comes into contact with the second inclined face 30' of said longitudinal edge 15 '.

On comprend bien que la forme en N incliné de la section transversale des découpes intermédiaires 28,34 respectives des bords longitudinaux 15, 16 est intéressante car, une fois les éléments 11,11' adjacents assemblés, cela garantit l'étanchéité de la jonction longitudinale desdits éléments 11,11' en constituant une chicane limitant voire empêchant tout passage d'eau et/ou d'air.It is understood that the inclined N-shape of the cross section of the respective intermediate cutouts 28,34 of the longitudinal edges 15, 16 is interesting because, once the adjacent elements 11,11 'have been assembled, this guarantees the tightness of the longitudinal junction of said elements 11, 11 'constituting a baffle limiting or even preventing any passage of water and / or air.

Pour accroitre l'étanchéité à l'air de cette jonction, des joints d'étanchéité 38 sont de préférence mis en place dans les première et deuxième découpes longitudinales 26',27' du bord longitudinal 15' de l'élément 11' et comprimés respectivement par les première et deuxième découpes longitudinales 32,33 du bord longitudinal 16 de l'élément 11.To increase the airtightness of this junction, seals 38 are preferably placed in the first and second longitudinal cutouts 26 ', 27' of the longitudinal edge 15 'of the element 11' and compressed. respectively by the first and second longitudinal cutouts 32, 33 of the longitudinal edge 16 of the element 11.

Pour solidariser les deux éléments 11,11' adjacents entre eux, un organe de fixation, non représenté, du type vis par exemple, est mis en place au droit de la jonction des bords longitudinaux 15',16 le long du trait d'axe A-A' de la figure 4 de sorte à traverser au moins en partie lesdits deux éléments 11,11', ledit organe de fixation permettant également de comprimer les joints d'étanchéité 38.To secure the two elements 11,11 'adjacent to each other, a fixing member, not shown, of the screw type for example, is placed at the right of the junction of the longitudinal edges 15 ', 16 along the centerline AA' of the figure 4 so as to pass at least in part through said two elements 11,11 ', said fixing member also making it possible to compress the seals 38.

Toutefois, pour garantir la solidité de cette solidarisation, les première 29,29' et deuxième faces inclinées 30,30' du bord longitudinal 15,15' de chaque élément 11,11' sont déterminées par une latte de renfort 39,39' fixée sur la première couche de renfort 18 et contre la couche isolante 19. Ladite latte de renfort 39,39' est avantageusement en bois massif pour permettre une bonne prise dudit organe de fixation.However, to ensure the strength of this connection, the first 29,29 'and second inclined faces 30,30' of the longitudinal edge 15,15 'of each element 11,11' are determined by a reinforcing slat 39,39 'fixed on the first reinforcing layer 18 and against the insulating layer 19. Said reinforcing slat 39, 39 ′ is advantageously made of solid wood to allow good grip of said fixing member.

Chaque élément 11 mesure environ 120 cm de large et sa longueur correspond à la longueur du pan de la toiture 4.Each element 11 is approximately 120 cm wide and its length corresponds to the length of the roof section 4.

Chaque panneau composite autoportant 10 peut selon les besoins comporter un ou deux éléments 11. De plus, on comprend bien que l'élément 11 du panneau composite autoportant 10 disposé au bord de la toiture 4 de la maison d'habitation 1 pourra comporter un bord longitudinal 15 ou 16 sensiblement plan pour permettre la mise en place de planche de rive, non représentée, le long des bords de la toiture 4, sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention.Each self-supporting composite panel 10 may, as required, comprise one or two elements 11. In addition, it will be understood that the element 11 of the self-supporting composite panel 10 arranged at the edge of the roof 4 of the dwelling house 1 may include an edge. longitudinal 15 or 16 substantially plane to allow the installation of the fascia board, not shown, along the edges of the roof 4, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Enfin, en référence à la figure 5, chaque panneau composite autoportant 10 est fixé au moins sur la sablière 5 et la faitière 7 de la charpente 3 par un organe de fixation, non représenté, du type vis par exemple, mis en place au moins au droit de la jonction des bords longitudinaux de panneaux composites autoportants 10 adjacents, le long d'au moins chaque trait d'axe de la figure 5 de sorte à traverser lesdits deux éléments 11,11' au niveau des lattes montantes 24 et au moins en partie la sablière 5 ou faitière 7 associée.Finally, with reference to the figure 5 , each self-supporting composite panel 10 is fixed at least on the runner 5 and the ridge 7 of the frame 3 by a fixing member, not shown, of the screw type for example, placed at least at the right of the junction of the longitudinal edges of adjacent self-supporting composite panels 10, along at least each centerline of the figure 5 so as to pass through said two elements 11,11 'at the level of the rising slats 24 and at least partly the associated runner 5 or ridge 7.

Pour faciliter la mise en place de chaque panneau composite autoportant 10 sur la charpente 3, la couche de parement intérieur 17 est munie d'une rainure 40 aménagée transversalement au voisinage de l'une de ses extrémités longitudinales et agencée pour coopérer avec un tasseau 8 disposé au moins en partie en saillie sur le dessus de la sablière 5 associée de la charpente 3 pour maintenir le panneau composite autoportant 10 en position sur cette dernière, avant la mise en place des organes de fixation.To facilitate the installation of each panel self-supporting composite 10 on the frame 3, the inner facing layer 17 is provided with a groove 40 arranged transversely in the vicinity of one of its longitudinal ends and arranged to cooperate with a cleat 8 disposed at least in part projecting on the above the runner 5 associated with the frame 3 to maintain the self-supporting composite panel 10 in position on the latter, before the installation of the fasteners.

Pour garantir une parfaite étanchéité, des joints d'étanchéité 9 sont mis en place sur les éléments de charpente 3 avant la mise en place des panneaux composites autoportants 10, la couche écran de sous toiture 23 d'un élément 11 recouvre en partie le ou les éléments 11 adjacents, et l'espace entre ces derniers au droit du faitage est comblé par de la mousse expansive 41.To ensure a perfect seal, seals 9 are put in place on the frame elements 3 before the installation of the self-supporting composite panels 10, the under-roof screen layer 23 of an element 11 partially covers the or the adjacent elements 11, and the space between them to the right of the ridge is filled with expansive foam 41.

Avec une telle configuration, on comprend bien que les panneaux composites autoportants 10 permettent la pose d'une toiture 4 très rapide et la mise hors d'eau d'une maison d'habitation 1 en une seule opération tout en garantissant une parfaite étanchéité à l'eau et à l'air.With such a configuration, it is easy to understand that the self-supporting composite panels 10 allow the installation of a roof 4 very quickly and the removal of water from a residential house 1 in a single operation while guaranteeing a perfect seal against water. water and air.

Enfin, on comprend bien que la conception des panneaux composites autoportants 10 permet de poser ces derniers sur la charpente 3 non seulement de manière à avoir les bords longitudinaux 15,16 de leur élément 11 perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal de la faitière 7, mais également de manière à avoir les bords longitudinaux 15,16 de leur élément 11 parallèles à l'axe longitudinal de la faitière 7.Finally, it is understood that the design of the self-supporting composite panels 10 allows them to be placed on the frame 3 not only so as to have the longitudinal edges 15,16 of their element 11 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ridge 7, but also so as to have the longitudinal edges 15,16 of their element 11 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ridge 7.

Description d'autres modes de réalisationDescription of other embodiments

Selon une variante de réalisation représentée à la figure 6, pour augmenter la résistance au feu du panneau composite autoportant et plus particulièrement de garantir le plus longtemps possible sa rigidité lorsqu'un feu se déclare au niveau de la toiture, chaque élément 11,11' comporte au moins une et de préférence plusieurs barres longitudinales de renfort 42 solidaires de la première couche de renfort 18,18' et disposées dans la couche isolante 19,19', lesdites barres longitudinales de renfort 42 s'étendant entre les bords latéraux dudit élément 11,11' parallèlement à ses bords longitudinaux 15,15';16,16'.According to an alternative embodiment shown in figure 6 , to increase the fire resistance of the self-supporting composite panel and more particularly to guarantee its rigidity as long as possible when a fire breaks out in the roof, each element 11,11 'comprises at least one and preferably several bars longitudinal reinforcement 42 integral with the first reinforcing layer 18,18 'and arranged in the insulating layer 19,19', said longitudinal reinforcing bars 42 extending between the lateral edges of said element 11,11 'parallel to its longitudinal edges 15.15 ';16.16'.

Avec cette variante de réalisation, la rigidité de chaque élément 11,11' est garantie lorsque la couche isolante 19,19' se détériore suite à une élévation importante de température générée par un incendie au niveau de la toiture.With this variant embodiment, the rigidity of each element 11,11 'is guaranteed when the insulating layer 19,19' deteriorates following a significant rise in temperature generated by a fire in the roof.

Possibilité d'application industriellePossibility of industrial application

On comprend bien que le panneau composite autoportant 10 selon l'invention est de préférence utilisé pour réaliser la toiture 4 d'une maison d'habitation 1. Toutefois, il est évident que le panneau composite autoportant 10 peut être adapté et utilisé pour couvrir d'autres types de bâtiments.It will be understood that the self-supporting composite panel 10 according to the invention is preferably used for making the roof 4 of a residential house 1. However, it is obvious that the self-supporting composite panel 10 can be adapted and used to cover d 'other types of buildings.

Enfin, il va de soi que les exemples de panneau composite autoportant conformes à l'invention qui viennent d'être décrits ne sont que des illustrations particulières, en aucun cas limitatives de l'invention.Finally, it goes without saying that the examples of self-supporting composite panel in accordance with the invention which have just been described are only specific illustrations, in no way limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

  1. Self-supporting composite panel (10) arranged to be attached at least to the gutter plate (5) and the ridge cap (7) of the frame (3) of a dwelling house (1) in order to form the roof (4) thereof and including at least one element (11, 11') in a roughly elongate parallelepipedal shape comprising an internal face (12), an external face (13) and lateral (14) and longitudinal (15, 15'; 16, 16') edges connecting together said internal and external faces (12; 13), one (15, 15') of said longitudinal edges (15, 15'; 16, 16') including a first J-shaped longitudinal cutout (26, 26) provided on the same side as said internal face (12) and a second J-shaped longitudinal cutout (27, 27') provided on the same side as the external face (13), said self-supporting composite panel (10) being characterised in that said longitudinal edge (15, 15') includes a longitudinal intermediate cutout (28) joining the first and second longitudinal cutouts (26, 26'; 27, 27'), having an inclined N-shaped cross section and including a first inclined face (29, 29'), a second inclined face (30, 30') and a third inclined face (31, 31'), and in that the other longitudinal edge (16, 16') has a cross section with a shape complementary to that of said longitudinal edge (15, 15'), so that the longitudinal junction between two adjacent elements (11, 11') is obtained by bringing the latter together putting the first and third inclined faces (35, 37) of the longitudinal edge (16) of the first (11) of said two elements (11, 11') in abutment against the first and third inclined faces (29', 31') of the longitudinal edge (15') of the second (11') of said two elements (11, 11'), until the second inclined face (36) of said longitudinal edge (16) of the first element (11) comes into contact with the second inclined face (30') of said longitudinal edge (15') of the second element (11') .
  2. Self-supporting composite panel (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that each of the first and second longitudinal cutouts (26, 26'; 27, 27') of the longitudinal edge (15, 15') receives a seal (38).
  3. Self-supporting composite panel (10) according to either one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the intermediate cutout (28) includes:
    - a first inclined face (29, 29') issuing from the longitudinal edge of the first longitudinal cutout (26, 26') situated on the same side as the external face (13) of the element (11) and extending in the direction of the latter and of the inside of said element (11),
    - a second inclined face (30, 30') issuing from the free longitudinal edge of the first inclined face (29, 29') and extending in the direction of the interior face (12) of the element (11) and the interior of the latter, and
    - a third inclined face (31, 31') issuing from the free longitudinal edge of the second inclined face (30, 30') and extending in the direction of the external face (13) of the element (11) and of the interior of the latter, until it joins the longitudinal edge of the second longitudinal cutout (27, 27') situated on the same side as the interior face (12) of the element (11).
  4. Self-supporting composite panel (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the element (11, 11') is multilayer and includes, from the interior face (12) thereof to the exterior face (13) thereof, at least the following layers:
    - an interior facing layer (17),
    - a first reinforcement layer (18),
    - an insulating layer (19),
    - a second reinforcement layer (20),
    - an exterior facing layer (21),
    - a sound-insulating under-roof layer (22),
    - an under-roof screen layer (23),
    - a layer of longitudinal laths (24), and
    - a layer of roof boards (25) and/or panels.
  5. Self-supporting composite panel (10) according to claim 4, characterised in that the first longitudinal cutout (26, 26) is provided in the interior facing layer (17) and in that the second longitudinal cutout (27, 27') is provided as far as the exterior facing layer (21).
  6. Self-supporting composite panel (10) according to claims 3, 4 and 5, characterised in that the first and second inclined faces (29, 29'; 30, 30') of longitudinal edge (15, 15') of each element (11, 11') are determined by a reinforcement lath (39, 39') fixed to the first reinforcement layer (18) and against the insulating layer (19).
  7. Self-supporting composite panel (10) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the under-roof screen layer (23) of an element (11) extends beyond the latter in order to partly cover the adjacent element or elements (11').
  8. Self-supporting composite panel (10) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterised in that the interior facing layer (17) is provided with a groove (40) provided transversely in the vicinity of one of its longitudinal ends and arranged to cooperate with a batten (8) disposed so as to at least partly project onto the top of the gutter plate (5) of the frame (3) in order to hold the self-supporting composite panel (10) in position thereon.
  9. Self-supporting composite panel (10) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterised in that the element (11, 11') includes at least one longitudinal reinforcement bar (42) secured to the first reinforcement layer (18, 18') and disposed in the insulating layer (19, 19'), said longitudinal reinforcement bar (42) extending between the lateral edges of said element (11,11') parallel to its longitudinal edges (15, 15'; 16, 16').
  10. Method for mounting self-supporting composite panels (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 at least on the gutter plate (5) and the ridge cap (7) of the frame (3) of a dwelling house (1) in order to form the roof (4) thereof, characterised in that one of the longitudinal edges (16) of an element (11) of each self-supporting composite panel (10) cooperates with the longitudinal edge (15') with a cross section with a complementary shape of an element (11') of the adjacent self-supporting composite panel (10), said self-supporting composite panels (10) being disposed so that the longitudinal edges (15', 16) are perpendicular or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the ridge cap (7), the securing of adjacent self-supporting composite panels (10) to each other and fixing thereof at least to the gutter plate (5) and the ridge cap (7) of the frame (3) being effected by fixing members.
EP18165772.7A 2017-04-14 2018-04-04 Self-supporting roof panel Active EP3388592B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1753304A FR3065236B1 (en) 2017-04-14 2017-04-14 FREESTANDING ROOF PANEL

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3388592A1 EP3388592A1 (en) 2018-10-17
EP3388592B1 true EP3388592B1 (en) 2021-03-03

Family

ID=59381421

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18165772.7A Active EP3388592B1 (en) 2017-04-14 2018-04-04 Self-supporting roof panel

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3388592B1 (en)
DK (1) DK3388592T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2871548T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3065236B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1027990B1 (en) * 2020-01-15 2021-08-17 Unilin Insulation panel

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7805268A (en) * 1978-05-16 1979-11-20 Dijk Bv Gebr Van Composite sandwich panel for roof on wall construction - has bending strength to enable panel to be built in without structural support work
DE3011159A1 (en) * 1980-03-22 1981-10-01 Klaus Dr.-Ing. 6100 Darmstadt Berner Composite roofing panel has outer undulating steel sheet - inner covering sheet and esp. rigid polyurethane core between
FR2482169A1 (en) * 1980-05-09 1981-11-13 Landex Nonlinear edge profiles for composite foam cored panels - to inhibit penetration between or misalignment of adjacent panels
FR2876720B1 (en) * 2004-10-14 2007-03-16 Jean Philippe Pisano COMPOSITE LIGHTWEIGHT PANEL GATHERING THERMAL AND PHONIC INSULATION QUALITIES

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3065236A1 (en) 2018-10-19
DK3388592T3 (en) 2021-06-07
EP3388592A1 (en) 2018-10-17
FR3065236B1 (en) 2021-01-22
ES2871548T3 (en) 2021-10-29

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