WO2014161203A1 - 一种氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2014161203A1
WO2014161203A1 PCT/CN2013/073830 CN2013073830W WO2014161203A1 WO 2014161203 A1 WO2014161203 A1 WO 2014161203A1 CN 2013073830 W CN2013073830 W CN 2013073830W WO 2014161203 A1 WO2014161203 A1 WO 2014161203A1
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oxide
rare earth
cerium
based composite
salt
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French (fr)
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黄壮昌
郭喜斌
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潮州三环(集团)股份有限公司
南充三环电子有限公司
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/10Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of rare earths
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/40Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61Surface area
    • B01J35/61310-100 m2/g
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/63Pore volume
    • B01J35/6350.5-1.0 ml/g
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/66Pore distribution
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/0009Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
    • B01J37/0027Powdering
    • B01J37/0036Grinding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/03Precipitation; Co-precipitation
    • B01J37/031Precipitation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01FCOMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F17/00Compounds of rare earth metals
    • C01F17/30Compounds containing rare earth metals and at least one element other than a rare earth metal, oxygen or hydrogen, e.g. La4S3Br6
    • C01F17/32Compounds containing rare earth metals and at least one element other than a rare earth metal, oxygen or hydrogen, e.g. La4S3Br6 oxide or hydroxide being the only anion, e.g. NaCeO2 or MgxCayEuO
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G25/00Compounds of zirconium
    • C01G25/02Oxides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01GCOMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
    • C01G25/00Compounds of zirconium
    • C01G25/06Sulfates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/50Solid solutions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/80Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
    • C01P2004/82Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases two phases having the same anion, e.g. both oxidic phases
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/12Surface area
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/14Pore volume
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/90Other properties not specified above

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide and a preparation method thereof, in particular, a high specific surface area and a high oxygen storage capacity.
  • the cerium oxide oxide 4 base complex rare earth oxide and a preparation method thereof.
  • the bismuth composite material has good oxygen storage capacity and high temperature hydrothermal stability, which can effectively widen the air-fuel ratio window of the automobile exhaust catalyst and improve the performance and service life of the catalyst.
  • ruthenium can increase the dispersion of noble metal catalyzed particles and the effective use rate of precious metals, and reduce the amount of precious metals, thereby reducing the preparation cost of the catalyst.
  • ⁇ Composite oxide can not only effectively reduce the air pollution caused by automobile exhaust emissions, but also promote the development of ⁇ chemical industry and Zr0 2 products into deep processing, and also promote the transformation of rare earth product structure to high value-added products.
  • the cerium-zirconium composite catalytic material has the characteristics of high stability, high reducing ability and high oxygen storage and release capacity, so that the three-way catalyst has high low-temperature catalytic conversion ability. Its excellent properties are derived from the special electronic structure of rare earths.
  • the enthalpy has valence variability, and in the oxygen-rich state, the excess oxygen storage can be converted into tetravalent cerium to promote the reduction and purification of the exhaust gas. When oxygen is depleted, the oxygen can be converted into trivalent cerium to promote the oxidative purification of the exhaust gas.
  • Zr0 2 can improve the high temperature stability of the material and maintain the high specific surface area of the material.
  • Ce0 2 and Zr0 2 can be compounded in a large ratio range to form a stable solid solution, which has the characteristic advantages that single Ce and Zr do not have.
  • the cubic fluorite structure of ZrO ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in yttrium oxide can improve the high temperature stability of the catalyst, reduce the activation energy of Ce 4+ and the initial reduction temperature of the phase body, so that the material Oxygen storage capacity (OSC) has a high conversion efficiency over a large temperature range.
  • the addition of rare earth elements in different proportions prevents the growth of cerium-zirconium grains, inhibits the high-temperature sintering of the catalyst and causes a significant decrease in the activity of the catalyst, and improves the high-temperature thermal stability of the catalyst.
  • cerium-zirconium catalyst prepared by the traditional method can maintain good oxygen storage performance at high temperature, and can meet the requirements of high-performance automobile exhaust gas purification ternary catalyst for oxygen storage performance and high temperature stability of oxygen storage materials, but cerium-zirconium solid solution is at high temperature.
  • the lower structure has poor thermal stability and a small specific surface area.
  • the oxygen storage material prepared by calcination at 1000 ° C for 4 hr can still reach 30 ( ⁇ mol / g or more, but the specific surface area is less than 10 g / m 2 . It must have strong durability at high airspeed.
  • the traditional material liberates the tetragonal phase Zr0 2 at a higher temperature, transforming a single cubic phase into multiphase coexistence, and the phase separation and texture properties are unstable. Lead to a serious decline in catalyst performance.
  • a method for preparing a cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide comprising the following steps:
  • the mass of the sulfate ion in the step (1) accounts for 30 to 60% of the mass of the zirconium salt.
  • an amorphous basic sulfuric acid salt precursor can be formed;
  • the precursor is added with a solution of a cerium salt and a rare earth metal salt, and then a hydroxide and a carbonate and/or an oxalate are added to form a carbonate or oxalate of cerium, zirconium and a rare earth element and a composite with the hydroxide. Precipitate.
  • the thermal decomposition of carbonate or oxalate weakens the hydrogen bonds between the molecules, destroys the agglomeration between the powders, and finally forms the yttria zirconia with a concentrated distribution and large pore volume.
  • Base composite rare earth oxide As a preferred embodiment of the method for preparing a cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide according to the present invention, the zirconium salt solution in the step (1) is at least one of zirconium oxychloride, nitric acid, and oxalic acid.
  • the sulfate ion is derived from at least one of sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate.
  • the cerium salt in the step (2) is a soluble cerium salt such as cerium nitrate or cerium chloride, and the rare earth metal salt is At least one of the soluble rare earth salts outside the cerium salt.
  • the basic carbonate solution in the step (3) is sodium hydroxide or ammonia water and an alkali metal carbonate.
  • the mixed solution, the basic oxalate solution is sodium hydroxide or a mixed solution of ammonia and alkali metal oxalate.
  • the total molar amount of carbonate and oxalate in the step (3) does not exceed 30% of the molar amount of the hydroxide.
  • the calcination in the step (4) comprises the following steps: rapidly heating the temperature to 400 ° C in the early stage of calcination to decompose the carbonate, Then heat at 400 ⁇ 900 °C for l ⁇ 5h.
  • the temperature is rapidly increased to 400 ° C to decompose the carbonate, and the C0 2 is decomposed, the intermolecular hydrogen bonding is weakened, the agglomeration between the powders is destroyed, and then the temperature is maintained at 400 to 900 ° C for 1 to 5 hours.
  • the method further comprises the following steps:
  • the pulverization uses at least one of hammer pulverization, planetary mill pulverization, ball milling, and jet milling, and may be selected according to different uses.
  • One or more methods are used in combination.
  • the amount of the salt, the cerium salt and the rare earth metal salt is increased according to the obtained cerium oxide. It contains Zr0 2 : 20 ⁇ 75wt%, Ce0 2 : 15 ⁇ 75 wt%, rare earth oxide: 1 ⁇ 30 wt% of the distribution ratio.
  • the addition amount of the zirconium salt, the cerium salt and the rare earth metal salt in the method comprises a ratio of Zr0 2 : 20 to 75 wt % and Ce 0 2 : 15 to 75 wt % according to the obtained yttria zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide. , measured according to the stoichiometric ratio required for various oxides.
  • the present invention also provides a cerium oxide zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide prepared by the method as described above, wherein the cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide comprises the following components by weight: Zr0 2 : 20 ⁇ 75wt %, Ce0 2 : 15 ⁇ 75 wt%, rare earth oxide: 1 ⁇ 30 wt%;
  • the yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide has a particle size of 5 to 20 nm, wherein Zr0 2 , CeO 2 and the rare earth oxide are present in the form of a solid solution.
  • the rare earth oxide is at least one of a lanthanoid oxide, a lanthanide oxide, cerium oxide, and cerium oxide.
  • the preparation method of the cerium oxide zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide of the invention has the advantages of simple process, and by controlling the raw materials and the process conditions in each step, the distribution concentration, the total pore volume and the fresh specific surface area can be obtained. Oxide oxide oxidizes 4 base complex rare earth oxides.
  • the yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide of the invention has excellent catalytic performance, good thermal stability and strong oxygen storage capacity, and X-ray diffraction indicates that the particle size is between 5 and 20 nm, and the cerium-based rare earth oxide is solid solution. Form exists.
  • the cerium oxide cerium oxide-based composite rare earth oxide has a total pore volume of not less than 0.55 ml/g, a pore volume of 10 to 100 nm of not less than 0.25 ml/g, and a pore volume of 100 nm to ⁇ of not higher than 0.2ml / g; fresh specific surface area ⁇ 70111 2 / ⁇ , after heat treatment at 1000 °C for 3hr, aging specific surface area ⁇ 50111 2 / ⁇ , heat treatment at 1100 °C for 3hr after aging specific surface area ⁇ 20111 2 / ⁇ ; fresh oxygen storage ⁇ 45( ⁇ mol/g, aging oxygen storage amount ⁇ 30 ( ⁇ mol/g after heat treatment at 1000 °C for 3 hr.
  • the specific embodiment is to better explain the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention, and the following will be combined with the specific embodiment. The invention is further illustrated.
  • Example 1 is to better explain the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention, and the following will
  • a method for preparing a cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide comprising the following steps: (1) heating a 25 wt% zirconium oxychloride solution at room temperature, adding a 10 wt% sodium sulfate solution at a rate of 5 ml/min, and controlling Heating rate, when the sodium sulfate is added, the temperature is raised to 95 ° C, and then kept for 60 min to form a basic zirconium sulfate composite salt precursor, wherein the mass of the sulfate ion accounts for 30% of the mass of the zirconium oxychloride;
  • the slurry obtained in the step (2) is precipitated by using 400 g of a sodium carbonate solution to obtain a precipitate, wherein the sodium carbonate solution has a sodium hydroxide content of 80 g and a sodium carbonate content of 20 g;
  • the precipitate obtained in the step (3) is filtered and washed to remove impurities, and the washed precipitate is calcined, and the temperature is rapidly increased to 400 ° C to decompose the carbonate, and the carbon dioxide is decomposed to weaken the intermolecular hydrogen bond. Connecting, destroying the agglomeration of the powder, and then heating to 600 ° C for 5 h, that is, the cerium oxide cerium oxide-based composite rare earth oxide;
  • the calcined yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide was crushed with a mortar so that the final product had a particle size of 20 nm.
  • the mass of zirconium oxychloride, cerium nitrate and cerium nitrate is such that Zr0 2 : 20 wt%, Ce0 2 : 75 wt%, cerium oxide: 5 wt% are contained in the finally obtained cerium oxide-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide.
  • the mass of zirconium oxychloride, cerium nitrate and cerium nitrate is such that Zr0 2 : 20 wt%, Ce0 2 : 75 wt%, cerium oxide: 5 wt% are contained in the finally obtained cerium oxide-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide.
  • Example 2 A method for preparing a cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide, the method comprising the following steps: (1) heating a solution of 20 wt% nitric acid at room temperature, adding a 15 wt% potassium sulfate solution at a rate of 5 ml/min , controlling the heating rate, the temperature is raised to 90 ° C when the potassium sulfate is added, and then the temperature is kept for lOOmin to form a basic sulfuric acid 4 composite salt precursor, wherein the quality of the sulfate ion accounts for 45% of the quality of the nitric acid;
  • the slurry obtained in the step (2) is precipitated by using 450 g of a sodium oxalate solution to obtain a precipitate, wherein the alkali sodium oxalate solution has an ammonia content of 100 g and a sodium oxalate content of 20 g;
  • the precipitate obtained in the step (3) is filtered and washed to remove impurities, and the precipitate after washing is calcined, and the temperature is rapidly raised to 400 ° C to decompose the carbonate, and the carbon dioxide is decomposed to weaken the intermolecular hydrogen bond. Connecting, destroying the agglomeration of the powder, and then continuing to raise the temperature to 900 ° C for 1 h, that is, the cerium oxide cerium oxide-based composite rare earth oxide;
  • the calcined yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide is pulverized by means of planetary mill pulverization and ball milling, so that the final product has a particle size of 10 nm.
  • the mass of nitric acid, barium chloride and barium nitrate is in accordance with the final obtained cerium oxide.
  • the composite rare earth oxide contains Zr0 2 : 75 wt%, Ce0 2 : 15 wt%, cerium oxide: 10 wt%. The ingredients are very good.
  • Embodiment 3 A method for preparing a cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the precipitate obtained in the step (3) is filtered and washed to remove impurities, and the precipitate after washing is calcined, and the temperature is rapidly raised to 400 ° C to decompose the carbonate, and the carbon dioxide is decomposed to weaken the intermolecular hydrogen bond. Connecting, destroying the agglomeration of the powder, and then calcining at 400 ° C for 4 h, that is, a cerium oxide zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide is obtained;
  • the calcined yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide is pulverized by a combination of hammer crushing and jet mill milling so that the final product has a particle size of 15 nm.
  • the mass of oxalic acid, strontium carbonate and nitric acid 4B is such that Zr0 2 : 62 wt%, Ce0 2 : 30 wt%, and cerium oxide: 8 wt% are contained in the composite rare earth oxide. Distribution ratio is called.
  • Embodiment 4 A method for preparing a cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the step (2) Precipitating the slurry obtained in the step (2) with 300 g of a basic sodium carbonate solution and 100 g of a sodium oxalate solution to obtain a precipitate, wherein the basic sodium carbonate solution has an ammonia content of 60 g and a sodium carbonate content. 5g, the sodium oxalate solution has a sodium hydroxide content of 30g and a sodium oxalate content of 2g;
  • the precipitate obtained in the step (3) is filtered and washed to remove impurities, and the precipitate after washing is calcined, and the temperature is rapidly raised to 400 ° C to decompose the carbonate, and the carbon dioxide is decomposed to weaken the intermolecular hydrogen bond. Connecting, destroying the agglomeration of the powder, and then continuing to heat up to 800 ° C for 2 h, that is, the cerium oxide cerium oxide-based composite rare earth oxide;
  • the calcined yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide is pulverized by a combination of jet milling and ball milling, so that the final product has a particle size of 5 nm.
  • the mass of zirconium oxalate, zirconium nitrate, cerium carbonate, cerium nitrate and cerium nitrate in this embodiment contains Zr0 2 : 39 wt%, Ce0 2 : 60 wt%, cerium oxide and oxidation according to the final obtained cerium oxide zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide. ⁇ : The lwt% distribution ratio is weighed.
  • Embodiment 5 A method for preparing a cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide, the method comprising the following steps: (1) heating a 25 wt% zirconium oxychloride solution and a 25 wt% oxalic acid solution at room temperature to 5 ml/ At the speed of min, add 10wt% S S potassium and 10wt% S S sodium solution to control the heating rate. When the S potassium and S S sodium are added, the temperature rises to 93 °C, and then the temperature is increased for 80 min to form basic sulfuric acid. 4 composite salt precursor, wherein the mass of sulfate ion accounts for 40% of the total mass of zirconium oxychloride and oxalic acid;
  • the step (2) Precipitating the slurry obtained in the step (2) with 100 g of a basic sodium carbonate solution and 350 g of a sodium oxalate solution to obtain a precipitate, wherein the basic sodium carbonate solution has an ammonia content of 40 g and a sodium carbonate content.
  • the sodium oxalate solution has a sodium hydroxide content of 80g and a sodium oxalate content of 10g;
  • the precipitate obtained in the step (3) is filtered and washed to remove impurities, and the precipitate after washing is calcined, and the temperature is rapidly raised to 400 ° C to decompose the carbonate, and the carbon dioxide is decomposed to weaken the intermolecular hydrogen bond. Connecting, destroying the agglomeration of the powder, and then heating to 700 ° C for 3 h, that is, the cerium oxide cerium oxide-based composite rare earth oxide;
  • the calcined cerium oxide oxidized cerium oxide composite rare earth oxide is pulverized by hammer pulverization and planetary milling pulverization, so that the final product has a particle size of 18 nm.
  • the mass of oxychlorination, oxalic acid, barium carbonate, barium chloride, barium nitrate and barium nitrate is in accordance with the final obtained oxidation of barium oxide.
  • the composite rare earth oxide contains Zr0 2 : 50 wt%, Ce0. 2 : 20 wt%, cerium oxide and cerium oxide: 30% by weight of the distribution ratio was weighed.
  • Example 6 Determination of physical properties of the obtained cerium oxide zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide by the method of the present invention
  • Total pore volume test method The cerium oxide zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide to be tested is dried at 120 ° C for 2 hours, dried in a dry jni to room temperature, and placed in a pore size distribution measuring device for measurement. It is 0.001 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the total pore volume of the cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide obtained in Example 1-5 was measured by the above method, and the results are shown in Table 1.
  • Table 1 Total pore volume results Group Total fine L volume 10 ⁇ 100nm pore volume 100 cm ⁇ 10 draw pore volume Example 1 0.67 ml/g 0.52 ml/g 0.17 ml/g
  • Example 2 0.62 ml/g 0.51 ml/g 0.16 ml/g
  • Example 3 0.65 ml/g 0.47 ml/g 0.15 ml/g
  • Example 4 0.56 ml/g 0.28 ml/g 0.19 ml/g
  • Example 5 0.59 ml/g 0.39 ml/g 0.17 ml/g
  • the total pore volume of the yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide obtained by the method of the present invention is not less than 0.55 ml/ g, having a pore volume of 10 to 100 nm of not less than 0.25 ml/g, having a pore volume of 100 nm to 10 ⁇ m of not more than 0.2 ml/g.
  • the fresh specific surface area of the yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide obtained by the method of the present invention is ⁇ 70 m 2 /g
  • the aging specific surface area is ⁇ 50111 2 / ⁇ after heat treatment at 1000 °C for 3 hr.
  • the aging specific surface area after heat treatment at 1100 °C for 3 hr is ⁇ 20111 2 / ⁇ .
  • Oxygen storage test method H2-TPR is determined according to the temperature programmed method. 0.3 g of yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide powder was heated to 600 ° C and maintained in high purity oxygen for 60 minutes for sufficient oxidation. The cerium oxide-oxidized cerium oxide composite rare earth oxide powder was heated from 120 ° C to 600 ° C at a heating rate of 10 ° C /min in a 5% H 2 /Ar gas stream, during which four hydrogen gas was consumed. The polar mass spectrometer continuously measures, and finally the amount of oxygen released from the obtained hydrogen consumption curve and area is the oxygen storage amount osc. The oxygen storage amount of the cerium oxide oxide-based composite rare earth oxide obtained in Example 1-5 was measured by the above method, and the results are shown in Table 3. Table 3 oxygen storage results
  • the fresh oxygen storage capacity of the yttria-zirconia-based composite rare earth oxide obtained by the method of the present invention is ⁇ 45 ( ⁇ 11101/ ⁇ , the aging oxygen storage amount is ⁇ 30 after heat treatment at 1000 °C for 3 hr.
  • the present invention is only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, A person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or equivalently substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

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Abstract

提供一种氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法,包括:(1)室温下加热锆盐溶液,缓慢加入硫酸根离子,控制升温速度,使硫酸根离子加入完毕时温度升至90-95℃,然后保温20-100min,形成碱式硫酸锆复合盐前驱体;(2)将铈盐和稀土金属盐加入所述前驱体溶液中,搅拌均匀,得浆料;(3)用碱式碳酸盐和/或碱式草酸盐溶液对浆料进行沉淀,得沉淀物;(4)对步骤(3)所得的沉淀物进行过滤洗涤,去除杂质,对洗涤后的沉淀物进行煅烧。并且提供了一种由该方法制备的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物。

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一种氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物及其制备方法 技术领域 本发明涉及一种氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物及其制备方法, 尤其是一 种具有高比表面积、 高储氧能力的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物及其制备方 法。 背景技术 由于汽车、 摩托车以及拖拉机特别是汽车等机动车的尾气排放已成为世界 大中城市主要的大气污染源, 而控制机动车尾气排放污染, 最有效的措施是安 装机外汽车尾气净化器。 作为汽车尾气净化器载体的活性炭层, 铈镐复合材料 已成为汽车催化剂不可缺少的材料。 铈镐复合材料具有艮好的储氧能力和高温 水热稳定性, 可有效拓宽汽车尾气催化剂的空燃比窗口, 提高催化剂的性能和 使用寿命。 特别是铈镐可提高贵金属催化粒子的分散度和贵金属的有效使用率, 降低贵金属用量, 从而降低催化剂的制备成本。 铈镐复合氧化物既可有效降低 汽车尾气排放造成的大气污染, 又可促进镐化学制品工业和 Zr02产品向深加工 领域发展, 也将促进稀土产品结构调整向高附加值产品转化。 铈锆复合催化材料具有高稳定、 高还原能力和高储放氧能力的特点, 使三 元催化剂有很高的低温催化转化能力。 其优异性能来源于稀土特殊的电子结构 于特性。 铈具有价态可变性, 在富氧状态下可将过量氧储存转化为四价铈, 促 进废气的还原净化。 当贫氧时, 可将氧译放转为三价铈, 促进废气的氧化净化。 而 Zr02可提高材料的高温稳定性, 保持材料较高的比表面积。 Ce02和 Zr02在 很大配比范围内可复合, 形成稳定的铈 4告固溶体, 具有单 Ce、 Zr所不具备的特 性优势。 另外, 在氧化铈中掺入 ZrO^ ^ 定氧化铈的立方萤石结构, 可提高催 化剂的高温稳定性, 降低 Ce4+的活化能和相体的起始还原温度, 使铈 4告材料的 储氧能力 (OSC )在较大的温度范围内有较高的转换效率。 不同比例稀土元素的添加阻止了铈锆晶粒的生长, 抑制了催化剂的高温烧 结现象及其导致催化剂活性大幅度降低的作用, 改善了催化剂的高温热稳定性。 为了满足汽车复杂的燃烧工况和日益严格的排放标准, 汽车尾气催化剂一 般在高空速和高温(有时达到 1000°C以上)条件下使用, 其安装位置越来越接 近发动机, 使用温度越来越高。 传统方法制备的铈锆催化剂在高温下能保持较 好的储氧性能, 能满足高性能汽车尾气净化三元催化剂对储氧材料储氧性能及 其高温稳定性的要求, 但铈锆固溶体在高温下结构的热稳定较差, 比表面积偏 小。 如报道所制备的铈 4告储氧材料经 1000°C焙烧 4hr后, 200°C下储氧量仍可达 到 30(^mol/g以上, 但比表面积不到 10g/m2。 三元催化剂在高空速下必须具有 较强的耐久性, 传统铈 4告材料在较高温度下游离出四方相 Zr02, 使单一的立方 相转变为多相共存, 相分离和织构性能的不稳定会导致催化剂性能的严重下降。 发明内容
比表面积高、 在高温下的比表面积热稳定性好, 且具有优良的储氧能力的氧化 铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物; 同时, 本发明还提供了所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合 稀土氧化物的制备方法。 为实现上述目的, 本发明采取的技术方案为: 一种氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀 土氧化物的制备方法, 包括以下步骤:
( 1 ) 室温下加热锆盐溶液, 緩慢加入硫酸根离子, 控制升温速度, 使硫酸 根离子加入完毕时温度升至 90〜95 °C , 然后保温 20〜100min, 形成碱式硫酸 4告复 合盐前驱体;
( 2 )将铈盐和稀土金属盐加入步骤(1 ) 所得的碱式硫酸梧复合盐前驱体 溶液中, 搅拌均勾, 得浆料;
( 3 )用碱式碳酸盐和 /或碱式草酸盐溶液对步骤 ( 2 )所得的浆料进行沉淀, 得沉淀物;
( 4 )对步骤(3 ) 所得的沉淀物进行过滤洗涤, 去除杂质, 对洗涤后的沉 淀物进行煅烧, 即得氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物; 其中, 所述步骤(1 ) 中硫酸根离子的质量占锆盐质量的 30〜60%。 本申请发明人进行了广泛的研究, 并通过实验发现, 往可溶性锆盐中添加 硫酸根离子, 通过控制升温速度和溶液的酸度, 可形成不定形碱式硫酸 4告盐前 驱体; 往所述前驱体中添加铈盐和稀土金属盐溶液, 然后加入氢氧化物和碳酸 盐和 /或草酸盐, 生成铈、 锆和稀土元素的碳酸盐或草酸盐与与氢氧化物的复合 沉淀物。 在热处理沉淀物的过程, 通过碳酸盐或草酸盐的热分解, 弱化分子间 的氢键, 破坏粉体间的团聚, 并最终形成具有分布集中、 孔容大的孔洞的氧化 铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物。 作为本发明所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法的优选实施方 式, 所述步骤(1 ) 中的锆盐溶液为氧氯化锆、 硝酸 4告和草酸 4告中的至少一种, 硫酸根离子来自硫酸钠、 硫酸钾和硫酸铵中的至少一种。 作为本发明所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法的优选实施方 式, 所述步骤(2 ) 中的铈盐为硝酸铈、 氯化铈等可溶性铈盐, 稀土金属盐为除 铈盐外的可溶性稀土盐中的至少一种。 作为本发明所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法的优选实施方 式, 所述步骤(3 ) 中的碱式碳酸盐溶液为氢氧化钠或氨水与碱金属碳酸盐的混 合溶液, 碱式草酸盐溶液为氢氧化钠或氨水与碱金属草酸盐的混合溶液。 更优 选地, 所述步骤(3 )中碳酸根与草酸根的总摩尔量不超过氢氧根摩尔量的 30%。 作为本发明所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法的优选实施方 式, 所述步骤(4 ) 中的煅烧包括以下过程: 煅烧前期快速升温至 400 °C以分解 碳酸盐, 然后在 400〜900°C保温 l〜5h。 先快速升温至 400°C分解碳酸盐, 译放 C02, 弱化分子间氢键连接, 破坏粉体间的团聚, 然后在 400〜900°C保温 l〜5h。 作为本发明所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法的优选实施方 式, 所述方法还包括以下步骤:
( 5 )对煅烧后的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物进行粉碎, 所述粉碎采用 锤式粉碎、 行星磨粉碎、 球磨、 气流磨中的至少一种, 可根据不同的用途, 选 择其中的一种或多种方法并用。 作为本发明所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法的优选实施方 式, 所述 4告盐、 铈盐和稀土金属盐的添加量按照所得氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土 氧化物中含有 Zr02: 20 ~ 75wt%、 Ce02: 15 ~ 75 wt%、 稀土氧化物: 1 ~ 30 wt% 的成分配比量取。 所述方法中锆盐、 铈盐和稀土金属盐的添加量, 按照所得氧 化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物中含有 Zr02: 20 ~ 75wt%、 Ce02: 15 ~ 75 wt%的 成分配比, 根据各种氧化物所需要的化学计量比来量取。 本发明还提供一种采用如上所述方法制备得到的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土 氧化物, 所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物包含以下重量份的组分: Zr02: 20 ~ 75wt%、 Ce02: 15 ~ 75 wt%、 稀土氧化物: 1 ~ 30 wt%;
所述氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物的粒度为 5〜20nm, 其中 Zr02、 Ce02 和稀土氧化物以固溶体的形式存在。 作为本发明所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的优选实施方式, 所述稀 土氧化物为镧系氧化物、 钕系氧化物、 氧化钪、 氧化钇中的至少一种。 本发明所述氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 工艺简单, 通过 对每个步骤中原料及工艺条件的控制, 能够得到具有分布集中、 总细孔容大、 新鲜比表面积高的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物。 本发明所述氧化铈氧化锆 基复合稀土氧化物催化性能优异, 热稳定性好, 储氧能力强, X射线衍射表明, 其粒度在 5〜20nm之间,铈镐类稀土氧化物以固溶体的形式存在。 所述氧化铈氧 化梧基复合稀土氧化物, 总细孔容积不少于 0.55ml/g, 具有 10 ~ 100nm细孔容 积不低于 0.25ml/g, 并且具有 100nm ~ ΙΟμιη细孔容积不高于 0.2ml/g; 新鲜比表 面积≥701112/§ , 在 1000 °C热处理 3hr后老化比表面积≥501112/§ , 1100 °C热处理 3hr 后老化比表面积≥201112/§; 新鲜储氧量≥45(^mol/g, 在 1000°C热处理 3hr后老化 储氧量≥30(^mol/g。 具体实施方式 为更好的说明本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点, 下面将结合具体实施方式 对本发明作进一步说明。 实施例 1
一种氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤: ( 1 )室温下加热 25wt%氧氯化锆溶液, 以 5ml/min速度加入 10wt%硫酸钠 溶液, 控制升温速度, 使硫酸钠加入完毕时温度升至 95 °C , 然后保温 60min, 形成碱式硫酸锆复合盐前驱体, 其中, 硫酸根离子的质量占氧氯化锆质量的 30%;
( 2 )将 20wt%硝酸铈溶液和 20wt%硝酸镧溶液加入步骤 ( 1 )所得的碱式 硫酸 4告复合盐前驱体溶液中, 搅拌均勾, 得浆料;
( 3 )用碱式碳酸钠溶液 400g对步骤 ( 2 )所得的浆料进行沉淀, 得沉淀物, 其中所述碱式碳酸钠溶液中氢氧化钠含量为 80g、 碳酸钠含量为 20g;
( 4 )对步骤(3 ) 所得的沉淀物进行过滤洗涤, 去除杂质, 对洗涤后的沉 淀物进行煅烧, 先快速升温至 400 °C以分解碳酸盐, 译放二氧化碳, 弱化分子间 氢键连接, 破坏粉体的团聚, 然后继续升温至 600 °C煅烧 5h, 即得氧化铈氧化 梧基复合稀土氧化物;
( 5 )用研钵对煅烧后的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物进行碾碎, 使得最 终产品的粒度在 20nm。 本实施例中氧氯化锆、 硝酸铈和硝酸镧的质量按照最终所得氧化铈氧化锆 基复合稀土氧化物中含有 Zr02: 20wt%、 Ce02: 75 wt% , 氧化镧: 5 wt%的成 分配比称取。 实施例 2 一种氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤: ( 1 )室温下加热 20wt%硝酸 4告溶液, 以 5ml/min速度加入 15wt%硫酸钾溶 液, 控制升温速度, 使硫酸钾加入完毕时温度升至 90 °C , 然后保温 lOOmin, 形 成碱式硫酸 4告复合盐前驱体, 其中, 硫酸根离子的质量占硝酸 4告质量的 45%;
( 2 )将 25wt%氯化铈溶液和 25wt%硝酸钪溶液加入步骤( 1 )所得的碱式 硫酸 4告复合盐前驱体溶液中, 搅拌均勾, 得浆料;
( 3 )用碱式草酸钠溶液 450g对步骤 ( 2 )所得的浆料进行沉淀, 得沉淀物, 其中所述碱式草酸钠溶液中氨水含量为 100g、 草酸钠含量为 20g; ( 4 )对步骤(3 ) 所得的沉淀物进行过滤洗涤, 去除杂质, 对洗涤后的沉 淀物进行煅烧, 先快速升温至 400°C以分解碳酸盐, 译放二氧化碳, 弱化分子间 氢键连接, 破坏粉体的团聚, 然后继续升温至 900°C煅烧 lh, 即得氧化铈氧化 梧基复合稀土氧化物;
( 5 )采用行星磨粉碎和球磨并用的方式对煅烧后的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀 土氧化物进行粉碎, 使得最终产品的粒度在 10nm。 本实施例中硝酸 4告、 氯化铈和硝酸钪的质量按照最终所得氧化铈氧化 4告基 复合稀土氧化物中含有 Zr02: 75wt%、 Ce02: 15 wt%、 氧化钪: 10 wt%的成分 酉己 匕 耳又。 实施例 3 一种氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
( 1 )室温下加热 25wt%草酸 4告溶液, 以 4ml/min速度加入 10wt%硫酸铵溶 液, 控制升温速度, 使硫酸铵加入完毕时温度升至 92°C , 然后保温 20min, 形 成碱式硫酸 4告复合盐前驱体, 其中, 硫酸根离子的质量占草酸 4告质量的 60%;
( 2 )将 20wt%碳酸铈溶液和 20wt%硝酸钇溶液加入步骤 ( 1 )所得的碱式 硫酸 4告复合盐前驱体溶液中, 搅拌均勾, 得浆料;
( 3 )用碱式碳酸钠溶液 200g和碱式草酸钠溶液 200g对步骤 ( 2 )所得的 浆料进行沉淀, 得沉淀物, 其中所述碱式碳酸钠溶液中氢氧化钠含量为 40g、 碳 酸钠含量为 10g, 所述碱式草酸钠溶液中氨水含量为 80g、 草酸钠含量为 20g;
( 4 )对步骤(3 ) 所得的沉淀物进行过滤洗涤, 去除杂质, 对洗涤后的沉 淀物进行煅烧, 先快速升温至 400°C以分解碳酸盐, 译放二氧化碳, 弱化分子间 氢键连接, 破坏粉体的团聚, 然后在 400°C煅烧 4h, 即得氧化铈氧化锆基复合 稀土氧化物;
( 5 )采用锤式粉碎和气流磨并用的方式对煅烧后的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀 土氧化物进行粉碎, 使得最终产品的粒度在 15nm。 本实施例中草酸 4告、 碳酸铈和硝酸 4乙的质量按照最终所得氧化铈氧化 4告基 复合稀土氧化物中含有 Zr02: 62wt%、 Ce02: 30wt%、 氧化钇: 8wt%的成分配 比称取。 实施例 4 一种氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤:
( 1 )室温下加热 20wt%草酸 4告溶液和 25wt%硝酸 4告溶液, 以 6ml/min速度 加入 10wt%疏 S史铵和 15wt%疏 S史钠溶液, 控制升温速度, 使石 史铵和石 史钠加 入完毕时温度升至 94 °C , 然后保温 40min, 形成碱式硫酸 4告复合盐前驱体, 其 中, 硫酸根离子的质量占草酸 4告和硝酸 4告总质量的 50%;
( 2 )将 20wt%碳酸铈溶液、 20wt%硝酸钕溶液、 20wt%硝酸镧溶液加入步 骤(1 )所得的碱式硫酸 4告复合盐前驱体溶液中, 搅拌均勾, 得浆料;
( 3 )用碱式碳酸钠溶液 300g和碱式草酸钠溶液 100g对步骤 ( 2 )所得的 浆料进行沉淀, 得沉淀物, 其中所述碱式碳酸钠溶液中氨水含量为 60g、碳酸钠 含量为 5g, 所述碱式草酸钠溶液中氢氧化钠含量为 30g、 草酸钠含量为 2g;
( 4 )对步骤(3 ) 所得的沉淀物进行过滤洗涤, 去除杂质, 对洗涤后的沉 淀物进行煅烧, 先快速升温至 400°C以分解碳酸盐, 译放二氧化碳, 弱化分子间 氢键连接, 破坏粉体的团聚, 然后继续升温至 800°C煅烧 2h, 即得氧化铈氧化 梧基复合稀土氧化物;
( 5 )采用气流磨和球磨并用的方式对煅烧后的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧 化物进行粉碎, 使得最终产品的粒度在 5nm。 本实施例中草酸锆、 硝酸锆、 碳酸铈、 硝酸钕和硝酸镧的质量按照最终所 得氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物中含有 Zr02: 39wt%、 Ce02: 60wt%、 氧化 镧和氧化钕: lwt%的成分配比称取。 实施例 5 一种氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 所述方法包括以下步骤: ( 1 )室温下加热 25wt%氧氯化锆溶液和 25wt%草酸 4告溶液, 以 5ml/min速 度加入 10wt%疏 S史钾和 10wt%疏 S史钠溶液, 控制升温速度, 使疏 S史钾和疏 S炱钠 加入完毕时温度升至 93 °C , 然后保温 80min, 形成碱式硫酸 4告复合盐前驱体, 其中, 硫酸根离子的质量占氧氯化锆和草酸 4告总质量的 40%;
( 2 )将 20wt%碳酸铈溶液、 20wt%氯化铈溶液、 20wt%硝酸钕溶液和 20wt% 硝酸镧溶液加入步骤(1 )所得的碱式硫酸 4告复合盐前驱体溶液中, 搅拌均匀, 得浆料;
( 3 )用碱式碳酸钠溶液 100g和碱式草酸钠溶液 350g对步骤 ( 2 )所得的 浆料进行沉淀, 得沉淀物, 其中所述碱式碳酸钠溶液中氨水含量为 40g、碳酸钠 含量为 5g, 所述碱式草酸钠溶液中氢氧化钠含量为 80g、 草酸钠含量为 10g;
( 4 )对步骤(3 ) 所得的沉淀物进行过滤洗涤, 去除杂质, 对洗涤后的沉 淀物进行煅烧, 先快速升温至 400°C以分解碳酸盐, 译放二氧化碳, 弱化分子间 氢键连接, 破坏粉体的团聚, 然后继续升温至 700°C煅烧 3h, 即得氧化铈氧化 梧基复合稀土氧化物;
( 5 )采用锤式粉碎和行星磨粉碎并用的方式对煅烧后的氧化铈氧化 4告基复 合稀土氧化物进行粉碎, 使得最终产品的粒度在 18nm。 本实施例中氧氯化 4告、 草酸 4告、 碳酸铈、 氯化铈、 硝酸钕和硝酸镧的质量 按照最终所得氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物中含有 Zr02: 50wt%、 Ce02: 20wt%、 氧化镧和氧化钕: 30wt%的成分配比称取。 实施例 6 采用本发明所述方法制备所得氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物的物理性能 的测定
( 1 ) 总细孔容积 测试方法: 将待测氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物在 120°C干燥 2h后置于 干燥 jni中干燥至室温,放入孔径分布测定装置中进行测定,测定范围为 0.001〜10 μ m。 采用上述方法分别对实施例 1-5 所得的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的 总细孔容积进行测定, 结果见表 1所示。 表 1 总细孔容积结果 组别 总细 L容积 10〜100nm细孔容积 100謹〜10画细孔容积 实施例 1 0.67 ml/g 0.52 ml/g 0.17 ml/g
实施例 2 0.62 ml/g 0.51 ml/g 0.16 ml/g 实施例 3 0.65ml/g 0.47 ml/g 0.15 ml/g 实施例 4 0.56 ml/g 0.28 ml/g 0.19 ml/g
实施例 5 0.59 ml/g 0.39 ml/g 0.17 ml/g 由表 1 可看出, 采用本发明所述方法所得的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化 物的总细孔容积不少于 0.55 ml/g, 具有 10〜100nm细孔容积不低于 0.25 ml/g , 具有 100nm〜10 μ m细孔容积不高于 0.2 ml/g。
( 2 ) 比表面积 测试方法: 利用基于液氮吸附法的比表面积仪进行测定。 采用上述方法分别对实施例 1-5 所得的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的 比表面积进行测定, 结果见表 2所示。 表 2 比表面积结果
Figure imgf000010_0001
由表 2可看出, 采用本发明所述方法所得的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化 物的新鲜比表面积≥70m2/g , 在 1000 °C热处理 3hr后老化比表面积≥501112/§, 1100 °C热处理 3hr后老化比表面积≥201112/§。
( 3 )储氧量 测试方法: 根据程序升温法测定 H2-TPR。 取 0.3g氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物粉末加热至 600 °C并在高纯氧气中 保持 60min进行充分氧化。在 5%H2/Ar气流中以 10 °C /min的加热速度将氧化铈 氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物粉末从 120 °C加热至 600 °C , 在此期间消耗的氢气用四 极质谱仪连续测量, 最后从得到的氢气消耗曲线和面积测定氧的译放量, 即为 储氧量 osc。 采用上述方法分别对实施例 1-5 所得的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的 储氧量进行测定, 结果见表 3所示。 表 3 储氧量结果
Figure imgf000011_0001
由表 3 可看出, 采用本发明所述方法所得的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化 物的新鲜储氧量≥45(^11101/§ , 在 1000 °C热处理 3hr后老化储氧量≥30(^mol/g。 最后所应当说明的是, 以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本 发明保护范围的限制, 尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明, 本领域的 普通技术人员应当理解, 可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换, 而 不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。

Claims

1、 一种氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 其特征在于, 包括以 下步骤:
( 1 ) 室温下加热锆盐溶液, 緩慢加入硫酸根离子, 控制升温速度, 使硫酸 根离子加入完毕时温度升至 90〜95°C , 然后保温 20〜100min, 形成碱式硫酸 4告复 合盐前驱体;
( 2 )将铈盐和稀土金属盐加入步骤(1 ) 所得的碱式硫酸梧复合盐前驱体 溶液中, 搅拌均勾, 得浆料;
( 3 )用碱式碳酸盐和 /或碱式草酸盐溶液对步骤 ( 2 )所得的浆料进行沉淀, 得沉淀物;
( 4 )对步骤(3 ) 所得的沉淀物进行过滤洗涤, 去除杂质, 对洗涤后的沉 淀物进行煅烧, 即得氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物;
其中, 所述步骤(1 ) 中硫酸根离子的质量占锆盐质量的 30〜60%。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 其特 征在于, 所述步骤(1 ) 中的锆盐溶液为氧氯化锆、 硝酸 4告和草酸 4告中的至少一 种, 硫酸根离子来自硫酸钠、 硫酸钾和硫酸铵中的至少一种。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 其特 征在于, 所述步骤(2 ) 中的铈盐为可溶性铈盐, 稀土金属盐为除铈盐外的可溶 性稀土盐中的至少一种。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 其特 征在于, 所述步骤(3 ) 中的碱式碳酸盐溶液为氢氧化钠或氨水与碱金属碳酸盐 的混合溶液, 碱式草酸盐溶液为氢氧化钠或氨水与碱金属草酸盐的混合溶液。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 其特 征在于, 所述步骤(3 ) 中碳酸根与草酸根的总摩尔量不超过氢氧根摩尔量的 30%。
6、 如权利要求 1所述的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 其特 征在于, 所述步骤(4 ) 中的煅烧包括以下过程: 煅烧前期快速升温至 400 °C以 分解碳酸盐, 然后在 400〜900°C保温 l〜5h。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 其特 征在于, 还包括以下步骤:
( 5 )对煅烧后的氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物进行粉碎, 所述粉碎釆用 锤式粉碎、 行星磨粉碎、 球磨、 气流磨中的至少一种。
8、 如权利要求 1所述的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物的制备方法, 其特 征在于, 所述 4告盐、 铈盐和稀土金属盐的添加量按照所得氧化铈氧化 4告基复合 稀土氧化物中含有 Zr02: 20 ~ 75wt%, Ce02: 15 ~ 75 wt%, 稀土氧化物: 1 ~ 30 wt%的成分配比量取。
9、 一种釆用如权利要求 1或 8所述方法制备得到的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀 土氧化物, 其特征在于, 所述氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物包含以下重量份 的组分: Zr02: 20 - 75wt%, Ce02: 15 ~ 75 wt%, 稀土氧化物: 1 ~ 30 wt%; 所述氧化铈氧化锆基复合稀土氧化物的粒度为 5〜20nm, 其中 Zr02、 Ce02 和稀土氧化物以固溶体的形式存在。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的氧化铈氧化 4告基复合稀土氧化物, 其特征在于, 所述稀土氧化物为镧系氧化物、 钕系氧化物、 氧化钪、 氧化钇中的至少一种。
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