WO2014161111A1 - 砂芯成型方法 - Google Patents

砂芯成型方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014161111A1
WO2014161111A1 PCT/CN2013/000690 CN2013000690W WO2014161111A1 WO 2014161111 A1 WO2014161111 A1 WO 2014161111A1 CN 2013000690 W CN2013000690 W CN 2013000690W WO 2014161111 A1 WO2014161111 A1 WO 2014161111A1
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Prior art keywords
core
sand
box
shooting
core box
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PCT/CN2013/000690
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王建华
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苏州苏铸成套装备制造有限公司
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Publication of WO2014161111A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014161111A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
    • B22C15/23—Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum
    • B22C15/24—Compacting by gas pressure or vacuum involving blowing devices in which the mould material is supplied in the form of loose particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of sand core production in the foundry industry, and more particularly to a sand core forming method for producing a sand core using a core shooter. Background technique
  • the mold used for sand casting is generally composed of an outer sand type and a core, that is, a sand core.
  • the production of the sand core mainly uses a core shooting machine to inject the molding sand into the molding die of the sand core, and the molding sand is solidified to form a sand core.
  • the basic raw materials for sand are foundry sand and sand binder.
  • the sand binder binds the loose sand into a core, which makes the sand core have a certain strength. It is not suitable for handling, molding and pouring liquid metal. Deformed or damaged.
  • the commonly used molding sand binders are resin and water glass sand.
  • the sand core molding with resin sand binder has a fast curing speed, and the sand core and the casting are easy to separate when casting, but the resin sand binder is expensive and the production cost is high. .
  • the water glass sand type sand binder is cheap and the material cost is low, but the sand core molding has a slow curing speed, and the time for blowing the solidification gas is long, and the general blowing time takes 120 seconds to 240 seconds, and the water glass sand type sand binder
  • the content of the weight percentage is between 4.5% and 5.6%, and the weight percentage of the triethylamine resin sand binder in the sand is 0.6% to 1.2%, and the amount of the curing gas is required to be large, and the casting after high temperature casting It is difficult to separate from the sand core, and it is difficult to remove the casting.
  • the residual core sand on the casting is not easy to clean.
  • the castings and sand cores after high-temperature casting are placed in water to separate the castings from the sand cores, and the metal parts are easily changed in the castings, which has an influence on the quality of the castings.
  • the technical problem mainly solved by the present invention is to provide an optimized sand core forming method using a core shooting machine Sand core molding, using water glass sand sand binder, after the molding of the core molding machine is completed, the sand core can be shortened by blowing a solidification gas into the core box of the mold under vacuum conditions.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: Providing an optimized sand core forming method, which uses a core shooting machine for sand core forming, the method comprising the following steps:
  • the mold table of the core shooter is moved to the sand shooting station, and the upper core box and the lower core box of the core shooting machine mold are closed;
  • the sand shooting device of the core shooter moves to the sand shooting station and shoots sand into the core box of the mold clamping, and the sand is filled with water glass or resin binder;
  • the shot shooting device of the core shooter leaves the core box of the mold clamping
  • the blowing device of the core shooting machine moves to the sand shooting station and presses the core box of the clamping mold;
  • the blowing device of the core shooter blows a solidification gas into the core box of the mold clamping to accelerate the sand in the core box to form a sand core;
  • the blowing device of the core shooter leaves the core box
  • the mold opening mechanism of the core shooter separates the upper core box of the molding die from the lower core box;
  • the mold table of the core shooter moves to the coring station
  • the method is characterized in that: the blowing device of the core shooter blows a solidification gas into the core box of the mold clamping to accelerate the solidification of the sand in the core box to form a sand core, which is performed under vacuum conditions.
  • the vacuum condition is to maintain the degree of vacuum in the mold core box from 1900 Pa to 3500 Pa.
  • the water glass or resin sand binder is sodium water glass sand or triethylamine resin sand.
  • the water glass sand binder has a weight percentage of 1.8/» to 4% in the sand, and a triethylamine resin sand binder is in the sand. 3% ⁇ 0. 6% ⁇ The weight percentage is 0. 3% ⁇ 0. 6%.
  • the co-curing gas is carbon dioxide gas or triethylamine.
  • the blowing device of the core shooter blows a solidification gas into the core box of the mold clamping to accelerate the solidification of the sand in the core box to form a sand core, and the blowing is promoted.
  • the duration of the curing gas process is between 15 seconds and 80 seconds.
  • a water glass or a resin sand core binder in the present invention, it is preferred to use a water glass or a resin sand core binder, and carbon dioxide gas or triethylamine is used as a solidification gas, and the core can be shortened by blowing a solidification gas into the mold core box under vacuum.
  • the core is separated for easy removal of the casting and it is easy to clean the core sand remaining on the casting. detailed description
  • the present invention uses a core shooter for sand core forming.
  • the optimized sand core forming method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the mold table of the core shooter moves to the sanding station, the upper core box and the lower core box of the core shooting machine forming mold Clamping
  • the shooting device of the core shooter moves to the sand shooting station and shoots sand into the core box of the mold clamping.
  • the sand shooting device of the core shooter generally comprises a structure such as a sand bucket, a gas bag and a sandblasting head, and is injected into the core of the core box.
  • a core sand binder is added to the sand, preferably a water glass or a resin sand binder.
  • a resin binder or an ammonium chloride binder may be used instead of the water glass sand.
  • the binder is added to the core sand to promote the core sand particles dispersed in the core box to be combined with each other to form a sand core; the weight percentage of the water glass sand binder used in this step is 1.8% - 4% in all core sands. 3% ⁇ Between 3% ⁇ 0. 6%;
  • the material basis of the water glass sand binder is sodium water glass sand.
  • the material basis of the water glass sand binder may also be potassium water glass sand, potassium sodium water glass sand, Quaternary ammonia brine glass sand, etc.;
  • the shot shooting device of the core shooter leaves the core box of the mold clamping
  • the blowing device of the core shooting machine moves to the sand shooting station and presses the core box of the clamping mold, and the air blowing device of the core shooting machine is generally a blowing frame;
  • the blowing device of the core shooter blows a solidification gas into the core box of the mold clamping to accelerate the sand in the core box to form a sand core.
  • the solidification gas used here preferably uses carbon dioxide gas, and can also use three. Ethylamine gas or triethylamine gas;
  • the process of blowing the accelerator-promoting gas is 15 seconds. Between 80 seconds;
  • the blowing device of the core shooter leaves the core box
  • the mold opening mechanism of the core shooter separates the upper core box of the molding die from the lower core box;
  • the mold table of the core shooter moves to the coring station;
  • the cured finished sand core is taken out.
  • the optimized sand core forming method of the present invention is characterized in that: the blowing device of the core shooter blows a solidification gas into the core box of the mold clamping to accelerate the sand in the core box to form a sand core.
  • the vacuum condition required for this step is to maintain the vacuum in the mold core box in the range of 1900Pa to 3500Pa.
  • the present invention preferably uses a water glass sand core binder, and carbon dioxide gas is used as a solidification gas, and the core can be shortened by blowing a solidification gas into the core box of the mold under vacuum.
  • the curing time of the sand core reduces the amount of water glass sand sand binder and the amount of solidification gas, reduces the material cost, improves the production efficiency, and can improve the collapsibility of the formed sand core, and the casting is easily separated from the sand core during casting. It is easy to remove the casting and it is easy to clean the core sand remaining on the casting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种砂芯成型方法，包括：射芯机成型模具的上芯盒和下芯盒合模；射砂装置向合模的芯盒内射砂，砂中加入水玻璃或树脂粘结剂；在真空条件下，射芯机的吹气装置向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体以加速芯盒内的砂固化形成砂芯；射芯机的模具工作台移动到取芯工位；将固化的成品砂芯取出。该方法通过在真空条件下向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体，可以缩短芯盒内砂芯的固化时间，减少水玻璃或树脂砂粘结剂以及促固化气体的用量，改善成型砂芯的溃散性；且在铸造时使铸件易于与砂芯分离，容易清理铸件上的残砂。

Description

砂芯成型方法 技术领域
本发明涉及铸造行业的砂芯生产领域， 尤其是涉及一种使用射芯机生产砂 芯的砂芯成型方法。 背景技术
在铸造行业， 会大量使用砂型铸造的方法来生产铸件， 因为砂型铸造所用 的造型材料价廉易得， 铸型制造简便， 对铸件的单件生产、 成批生产和大量生 产均能适应。 砂型铸造所用铸型一般由外砂型和型芯即砂芯组合而成， 目前砂 芯的生产主要是使用射芯机将型砂射入砂芯的成型模具、 型砂经固化后形成砂 芯。 型砂的基本原材料是铸造砂和型砂粘结剂， 型砂粘结剂将松散的砂粒粘结 起来成为型芯， 使制成的砂芯具有一定的强度， 在搬运、 合型及浇注液态金属 时不致变形或损坏。 常用的型砂粘结剂有树脂和水玻璃砂， 采用树脂型砂粘结 剂的砂芯成型固化速度快， 铸造时砂芯与铸件容易分量离， 但是树脂型砂粘结 剂的价格贵、 生产成本高。 水玻璃砂型砂粘结剂的价格便宜、 材料成本低， 但 是砂芯成型固化速度慢， 吹入促固化气体的时间长， 一般吹气时间需要 120秒 到 240秒， 水玻璃砂型砂粘结剂的重量百分比含量为 4.5%到 5.6%之间， 三乙胺 法树脂砂粘结剂在所述砂中的重量百分比为 0.6% ~ 1.2%， 需要促固化气体的用 量大， 高温铸造后的铸件与砂芯很难分离， 铸件取出困难， 铸件上残存的芯砂 不容易清理。 如果采用水冷法， 将高温铸造后的铸件与砂芯放入水中来实现铸 件与砂芯的分离， 则铸件容易出现金相组织改变， 对铸件品质有影响。 发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种优化的砂芯成型方法， 使用射芯机 进行砂芯成型， 使用水玻璃砂型砂粘结剂， 在射芯机的成型模具合模射砂完成 后， 通过在真空条件下向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体， 可以缩短砂芯的固化 时间， 减少水玻璃砂或树脂砂粘结剂以及促固化气体的用量， 降低材料成本， 提高生产效率， 并且可以改善成型砂芯的溃散性， 在铸造时使铸件容易与砂芯 分离， 便于取出铸件， 而且容易清理铸件上残存的芯砂。
为解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用的技术方案是： 提供一种优化的砂芯成 型方法， 该方法使用射芯机进行砂芯成型， 该方法包括如下步骤：
射芯机的模具工作台移动到射砂工位、 射芯机成型模具的上芯盒与下芯盒 合模；
射芯机的射砂装置移动到射砂工位并向合模的芯盒内射砂， 所述的砂中加 入有水玻璃或树脂粘结剂；
射砂完毕、 射芯机的射砂装置离开合模的芯盒；
射芯机的吹气装置移动到射砂工位并压住合模的芯盒；
射芯机的吹气装置向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体以加速芯盒内的砂固化 形成砂芯；
吹气固化完毕、 射芯机的吹气装置离开芯盒；
射芯机的开模机构将成型模具的上芯盒与下芯盒分开；
射芯机的模具工作台移动到取芯工位；
将固化的成品砂芯取出，
其特征在于： 所述的射芯机的吹气装置向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体以 加速芯盒内的砂固化形成砂芯步骤是在真空条件下进行的。 所述的真空条件是 保持合模芯盒内的真空度为 1900Pa ~ 3500Pa。 在本发明的一个较佳实施例中， 所述的水玻璃或树脂砂粘结剂为钠水玻璃 砂或三乙胺法树脂砂。
在本发明的一个较佳实施例中， 所述的水玻璃砂粘结剂在所述砂中的重量 百分比为 1.8/» ~ 4%, 三乙胺法树脂砂粘结剂在所述砂中的重量百分比为 0. 3% ~ 0. 6%。
在本发明的一个较佳实施例中， 所述的促固化气体为二氧化碳气体或三乙 胺。
在本发明的一个较佳实施例中， 所述的射芯机的吹气装置向合模的芯盒内 吹入促固化气体以加速芯盒内的砂固化形成砂芯步骤中， 吹入促固化气体这一 过程的持续时间为 15秒到 80秒之间。
本发明优选使用水玻璃或树脂砂芯砂粘结剂， 使用二氧化碳气体或三乙胺 为促固化气体， 通过在真空条件下向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体， 可以缩短 芯盒内砂芯的固化时间 , 减少水玻璃或树脂砂芯砂粘结剂以及促固化气体的用 量， 降低材料成本， 提高生产效率， 并且可以改善成型砂芯的溃散性， 在铸造 时使铸件容易与砂芯分离， 便于取出铸件， 而且容易清理铸件上残存的芯砂。 具体实施方式
下面结合具体的较佳实施例对本发明进行详细阐述， 以使本发明的优点和 特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解， 这些实施例仅仅是例示的目的， 并不旨 在对本发明的范围进行限定。
本发明使用射芯机进行砂芯成型， 本发明优化的砂芯成型方法包括如下步 骤：
射芯机的模具工作台移动到射砂工位、 射芯机成型模具的上芯盒与下芯盒 合模；
射芯机的射砂装置移动到射砂工位并向合模的芯盒内射砂， 射芯机的射砂 装置一般包括砂斗、 气包和射砂头等结构， 射入芯盒内的芯砂中加入有芯砂粘 结剂， 优选使用水玻璃或树脂砂粘结剂， 除了使用水玻璃砂粘结剂外， 也可以 使用树脂粘结剂或氯化铵粘结剂来代替水玻璃砂粘结剂加入到芯砂中， 促进芯 盒内分散的芯砂砂粒相互结合固化形成砂芯； 本步骤使用的水玻璃砂粘结剂在 全部芯砂中的重量百分比为 1.8% - 4%之间，三乙胺法树脂^ f少粘结剂在所述砂中的 重量百分比为 0. 3% ~ 0. 6%之间；
另外， 所述的水玻璃砂粘结剂的材料基础为钠水玻璃砂， 除了钠水玻璃砂 外， 水玻璃砂粘结剂的材料基础还可以是钾水玻璃砂、 鉀钠水玻璃砂、 季氨盐 水玻璃砂等；
射砂完毕、 射芯机的射砂装置离开合模的芯盒；
射芯机的吹气装置移动到射砂工位并压住合模的芯盒， 射芯机的吹气装置 一般为吹气框，；
射芯机的吹气装置向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体以加速芯盒内的砂固化 形成砂芯， 这里使用的促固化气体优选使用二氧化碳气体， 除此之外还可以使 用三乙胺气体或三乙胺气体；
另外， 在射芯机的吹气装置向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体以加速芯盒内 的砂固化形成砂芯步骤中， 吹入促固化气体这一过程的持续时间为 15 秒到 80 秒之间；
吹气固化完毕、 射芯机的吹气装置离开芯盒；
射芯机的开模机构将成型模具的上芯盒与下芯盒分开； 射芯机的模具工作台移动到取芯工位；
将固化的成品砂芯取出。
本发明优化的砂芯成型方法， 其特征在于： 所述的射芯机的吹气装置向合 模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体以加速芯盒内的砂固化形成砂芯步骤是在真空条件 下进行的， 该步骤需要的真空条件是保持合模芯盒内的真空度范围在 1900Pa ~ 3500Pa之间。
区别于现有技术， 本发明优选使用水玻璃砂芯砂粘结剂， 使用二氧化碳气 体为促固化气体， 通过在真空条件下向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体， 可以缩 短芯盒内砂芯的固化时间， 减少水玻璃砂型砂粘结剂以及促固化气体的用量， 降低材料成本， 提高生产效率， 并且可以改善成型砂芯的溃散性， 在铸造时使 铸件容易与砂芯分离， 便于取出铸件， 而且容易清理铸件上残存的芯砂。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例， 并非因此限制本发明的专利范围， 凡是利 用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换， 或直接或间接地运用在 相关的技术领域， 均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种优化的砂芯成型方法， 该方法使用射芯机进行砂芯成型， 该方法包 括如下步骤：
射芯机的模具工作台移动到射砂工位、 射芯机成型模具的上芯盒与下芯盒 合模；
射芯机的射砂装置移动到射砂工位并向合模的芯盒内射砂， 所述的砂中加 入有水玻璃或树脂粘结剂；
射砂完毕、 射芯机的射砂装置离开合模的芯盒；
射芯机的吹气装置移动到射砂工位并压住合模的芯盒；
射芯机的吹气装置向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体以加速芯盒内的砂固化 形成砂芯；
吹气固化完毕、 射芯机的吹气装置离开芯盒；
射芯机的开模机构将成型模具的上芯盒与下芯盒分开；
射芯机的模具工作台移动到取芯工位；
将固化的成品砂芯取出，
其特征在于： 所述的射芯机的吹气装置向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体以 加速芯盒内的砂固化形成砂芯步骤是在真空条件下进行的。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的优化的砂芯成型方法， 其特征在于， 所述的水玻 璃或树脂砂粘结剂为钠水玻璃砂或三乙胺法树脂砂。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的优化的砂芯成型方法， 其特征在于， 所述的 水玻璃 ^^粘结剂在所述 、中的重量百分比为 1.8% ~ 4%; 三乙胺法树脂砂粘结剂 在所述砂中的重量百分比为 0. 3% - 0. 6%0
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的优化的砂芯成型方法， 其特征在于， 所述的促固 化气体为二氧化碳气体或三乙胺。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的优化的砂芯成型方法， 其特征在于， 所述的射芯 机的吹气装置向合模的芯盒内吹入促固化气体以加速芯盒内的砂固化形成砂芯 步骤中， 吹入促固化气体这一过程的持续时间为 15秒到 80秒之间。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的优化的砂芯成型方法， 其特征在于， 所述的真空 条件是保持合模芯盒内的真空度为 1900Pa ~ 3500Pa。
PCT/CN2013/000690 2013-04-03 2013-06-09 砂芯成型方法 WO2014161111A1 (zh)

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CN2013101146434A CN103192031A (zh) 2013-04-03 2013-04-03 优化的砂芯成型方法
CN201310114643.4 2013-04-03

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