WO2014156767A1 - 電気ニッケルめっき液中の希土類不純物の除去方法 - Google Patents
電気ニッケルめっき液中の希土類不純物の除去方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014156767A1 WO2014156767A1 PCT/JP2014/057136 JP2014057136W WO2014156767A1 WO 2014156767 A1 WO2014156767 A1 WO 2014156767A1 JP 2014057136 W JP2014057136 W JP 2014057136W WO 2014156767 A1 WO2014156767 A1 WO 2014156767A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/16—Regeneration of process solutions
- C25D21/18—Regeneration of process solutions of electrolytes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/06—Filtering particles other than ions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- the present invention relates to a method for efficiently and easily removing rare earth impurities in an electro nickel plating solution.
- rare earth magnets especially R-Fe-B sintered magnets (R is at least one of rare earth elements including Y and must contain Nd) have high magnetic properties and are widely used.
- Nd and Fe contained as main components are very rusting. For this reason, a rust preventive film is given to the magnet surface for the purpose of improving corrosion resistance.
- electronickel plating has high hardness, and the management of the plating process is simpler than electroless plating, and is widely adopted for this magnet.
- the components of the object to be plated may be dissolved in the plating solution simultaneously with the film formation.
- the pH of the plating solution is inclined to the acidic side, the object to be plated is easily dissolved in the plating solution, and therefore the object to be plated accumulates as impurities in the plating solution.
- the main component rare earth elements such as Nd and Fe dissolve in the plating solution and become impurities. Therefore, when the plating process is continued, rare earth impurities such as Nd and Fe, which are main components of the magnet material, and Fe dissolve and accumulate in the plating solution.
- Nd and Fe which are main components of the magnet material
- Fe dissolve and accumulate in the plating solution.
- the amount of rare earth impurities is 700 ppm (mainly Nd impurities). If it exceeds, these defects are likely to occur. Furthermore, in plating by the barrel method, a large current flows locally to the object to be plated, so that double plating is likely to occur. Further, when the pH of the plating solution is increased with a large amount of rare earth impurities, double plating is likely to occur.
- a nickel compound such as nickel carbonate is added to the plating solution, and the pH of the plating solution is increased (at the same time, activated carbon is added to add organic impurities).
- impurities were precipitated by further stirring with air, followed by filtration.
- This method is effective as a method for removing metal impurities such as iron and aluminum or organic impurities dissolved in an electronickel plating solution, but is less effective as a method for removing rare earth impurities.
- Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-62600 uses a chemical used for the purification and separation of rare earth metals.
- a method for removing impurities is disclosed. This method is considered to be effective as one of the methods for reducing rare earth impurities in the electronickel plating solution.
- it is necessary to employ a complicated process, which is not necessarily efficient in the implementation of industrial mass production scale, and is not realistic because a special drug is required.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a relatively simple and efficient method for removing rare earth impurities in an electronickel plating solution that does not require a complicated process and does not require a special chemical. is there.
- rare earth impurities are precipitated by holding an electronickel plating solution containing rare earth impurities at a pH of 4.0 to 5.1 for a certain period of time while being heated to 60 ° C. or higher.
- the inventors have found that it can be easily removed by filtration and have arrived at the present invention.
- the electro nickel plating solution containing rare earth impurities having a pH of 4.0 to 5.1 is maintained for a certain period of time in a state of being heated to 60 ° C. or higher, and then subjected to the addition.
- the deposit deposited by temperature is removed from the electro nickel plating solution by sedimentation and / or filtration.
- the pH of the electro-nickel plating solution before heating is preferably 4.0 to 4.5.
- the agitation is preferably agitation by air, rotation of a stirring blade, or circulation of liquid by a pump.
- the rare earth impurities in the electro nickel plating solution can be removed relatively easily and efficiently without employing a complicated process and without using a special agent. Therefore, it is possible to achieve quality stabilization and cost reduction of electro nickel plating on R-Fe-B sintered magnets.
- the method of the present invention for removing rare earth impurities from an electronickel plating solution is a method in which an electronickel plating solution containing a rare earth impurity having a pH of 4.0 to 5.1 is kept at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher for a certain period of time and then deposited. The precipitate is precipitated and / or filtered to remove the precipitate from the electronickel plating solution.
- rare earth impurities are, for example, R-Fe-B sintered magnets (where R is at least one kind of rare earth elements including Y and must contain Nd) when electroplating. It is an R component that dissolves in the plating solution, and most of it exists in an ionic state in the plating solution.
- the present invention makes it possible to form a solid precipitate that can collect rare earth impurities in an ionic state by a filter, and to separate and remove the precipitate from the plating solution by sedimentation or filtration.
- the present invention is not limited to the removal of the R component dissolved in the plating solution when electroplating the above R-Fe-B sintered magnet, but also exists in an ionic state in the plating solution. It can be applied in the removal of rare earth impurities.
- the method for removing rare earth impurities of the present invention is effective in the case of an electronickel plating solution containing rare earth impurities and having a pH of 4.0 to 5.1.
- the present inventor makes the rare earth impurities present in the ionic state as solid precipitates by holding the electronickel plating solution containing the rare earth impurities in a state of being heated to 60 ° C. or more for a predetermined time or longer.
- the precipitation rate of this precipitate is within the above pH range, it is almost the same, and it is confirmed that the target efficient method for removing rare earth impurities can be realized. did.
- Electro-nickel plating solution having a pH of 4.0 to 5.1 is used in a known plating process (for example, when a plating bath having a watt bath composition is used), particularly when an R-Fe-B sintered magnet is electro-nickel plated.
- the pH of the plating solution used is almost the same, and when the plating solution obtained after removing the rare earth impurities obtained by the present invention is used for electro-nickel plating of an R-Fe-B sintered magnet, it is basically pH. No adjustment is required.
- a known pH adjusting method such as adding nickel carbonate to increase the pH or adding sulfuric acid to lower the pH can be employed.
- the addition of nickel carbonate and sulfuric acid increases the cost of the plating process, and also decreases the work efficiency due to pH adjustment (particularly nickel carbonate is difficult to dissolve in the plating solution).
- the effect inherent in the present invention can be most effectively realized when the electro-nickel plating solution containing rare earth impurities having a pH in the range of 4.0 to 5.1 is heated. Therefore, it is desirable to measure the pH of the plating solution in use at any time and to apply the present invention in a state within the above range.
- the nickel electroplating solution containing rare earth impurities to be used in the present invention preferably has a pH in the range of 4.0 to 5.1 without adjusting the pH as described above. It is desirable to target those within the same range as the preferred pH range (eg, 4.0 to 4.5).
- the solution It is necessary to heat the solution to 60 ° C. or higher when removing rare earth impurities from the electronickel plating solution containing rare earth impurities having the above pH. Below 60 ° C, it takes time to remove rare earth impurities, which is not suitable for industrial production. As the liquid temperature is higher, the removal efficiency of rare earth impurities (precipitates) tends to increase, and the upper limit is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of workability and safety, and the influence on the composition of the plating solution, etc. It is desirable that the temperature be lower than the boiling point of the plating solution.
- the boiling point of the plating solution varies depending on the composition.
- the boiling point of the watt bath is about 102 ° C.
- the heating in the method of the present invention is desirably in the range of 60 ° C. to 100 ° C., more desirably 70 ° C. to 95 ° C., and most desirably 80 ° C. to 90 ° C.
- the treatment time varies depending on the temperature conditions, but is preferably 6 hours or more, more preferably 12 hours or more.
- the upper limit of the time does not need to be set, but is preferably 168 hours or less, more preferably 72 hours or less, and most preferably 24 hours or less from the viewpoint of cost and work efficiency.
- the relationship between the amount of rare earth impurities (especially Nd impurities) and the occurrence of double plating or peeling of the plating film varies depending on the plating conditions, but when the amount of Nd impurities is about 200 ppm, they are not observed. Therefore, the temperature and time may be set as appropriate so that the amount of Nd impurities can be reduced to 200 ppm or less.
- the treatment tank used when carrying out the method for removing rare earth impurities of the present invention it is necessary to use one having high heat resistance according to the above-mentioned heating range (temperature of the plating solution by heating). Therefore, the higher the temperature, the higher the cost. Implementation in the above temperature range, particularly a desirable temperature range, contributes to the suppression of cost increase as a result.
- the concentration of the plating solution when carrying out the method for removing rare earth impurities of the present invention is preferably in the range of 1 to 3 times the concentration when the plating concentration is 1 time. Concentration is preferably by heating. Since the plating solution evaporates water, which is a solvent, by heating, heating and concentration can be performed simultaneously.
- the concentration of the plating solution is in the range of 1 to 2 times, more preferably. Although it can be processed in the range of 2 to 3 times, it must be carefully controlled so that the deposition of the plating solution component does not start when the concentration approaches 3 times.
- the present invention is suitable for removing rare earth impurities in a nickel plating solution within a predetermined pH range.
- the present invention can be applied to nickel plating solutions such as watt baths, high chloride baths, chloride baths, sulfamic acid baths, etc., and is most suitable for watt baths.
- the Watt bath may be of a very common bath composition.
- the present invention can be applied to compositions containing brighteners and pit inhibitors as 200 to 320 g / L nickel sulfate, 40 to 50 g / L nickel chloride, 30 to 45 g / L boric acid, and additives.
- the composition of the plating solution is adjusted by a known analysis method (such as titration analysis). For example, in the case of a watt bath, nickel chloride and total nickel are analyzed by titration to obtain nickel sulfate, and boric acid is analyzed by titration.
- a known analysis method such as titration analysis. For example, in the case of a watt bath, nickel chloride and total nickel are analyzed by titration to obtain nickel sulfate, and boric acid is analyzed by titration.
- the composition of the plating solution after removal of rare earth impurities is within the control range, it is not always necessary to add it, but if it is insufficient, an insufficient amount of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, boric acid is added to the plating solution.
- Add and adjust the composition of the plating solution When adding these chemicals, it is desirable to warm the plating solution to the temperature during the plating process. When the temperature is low, dissolution of the added drug is slow or does not dissolve. Thereafter, the pH is adjusted with nickel carbonate or sulfuric acid, and a known brightener or pit inhibitor is added to perform plating.
- the plating conditions using the plating solution to which the present invention is applied may be appropriately changed depending on the equipment used, the plating method, the size of the object to be plated, the number of treatments, and the like.
- the plating conditions when the plating bath having the Watt bath composition is used are preferably pH 3.8 to 4.5, more preferably 4.0 to 4.5. If the pH is low, the rare earth magnet material is dissolved at the initial stage of electro nickel plating, which is not preferable.
- a bath temperature of 45 ° C to 55 ° C and a current density of 0.1 to 10 A / dm 2 are desirable.
- As a plating method there are a rack method and a barrel method, which may be appropriately set depending on the size of the object to be plated and the processing amount.
- the plating tank is made of FRP or PP having high heat resistance, or an iron plate coated with fluororesin, impurities in the electro nickel plating solution can be removed only by the plating tank without preparing a preliminary tank.
- the plating tank is made of vinyl chloride (PVC), and by using a container with a high heat resistance material in the spare tank, the plating tank can perform plating treatment while removing impurities in the spare tank. Efficiency and workability can be improved. In addition, safety
- security can also be improved by using the container of a material with high heat resistance for both a plating tank and a reserve tank.
- the plating tank 1 has an anode plate (not shown), a cathode (not shown), a heater (not shown), and a stirrer (not shown), builds a plating solution, and performs electro nickel plating. be able to.
- the material of the plating tank 1 is preferably vinyl chloride (PVC) or heat-resistant vinyl chloride (PVC) depending on the plating solution used.
- the plating system is composed of the plating layer 1, the valves 2, 5, 6, 7, the pump 3, and the filter 4.
- the pump 3 is operated with the valve 7 closed and the valves 2, 5, 6 open.
- the plating solution in the plating tank 1 can be circulated and the plating solution can be filtered through the filter 4. That is, the plating solution circulates through the path of the plating tank 1, the valve 2, the pump 3, the filter 4, the valve 5, the valve 6, and the plating tank 1, and is filtered by the filter 4 in the path.
- a known filter used in electroplating can be used for the filter, and the filter 4 that is configured integrally with the pump 3 can be used.
- the material of the piping is preferably vinyl chloride (PVC) or heat resistant vinyl chloride (PVC).
- the preliminary tank 8 has a stirring blade 9 connected to a motor (not shown) and a heater 10 connected to a power source (not shown).
- the heater 10 may be a steam heater connected to a steam generator by piping.
- a method using an air diffuser connected to an air pump may be used as a means for stirring the plating solution in the preliminary tank. It may be. Since the preliminary tank 8 treats a high-temperature plating solution containing rare earth impurities, it is desirable to use PP or FRP made of high heat resistance.
- the filtration system is composed of the preliminary tank 8, the valves 11, 14, 15, 16, the pump 12, and the filter 13.
- the filter 13 may be configured integrally with the pump 12.
- the circulation of the plating solution in the preliminary tank and the method of feeding the liquid between the preliminary tank and the plating tank will be described.
- the pump 3 By operating the pump 3 with the valve 6 closed and the valves 2, 5, 7 opened, the plating solution in the plating tank 1 can be sent to the preliminary tank 8 via the filter 4. That is, the plating solution is sent through the route of the plating tank 1, the valve 2, the pump 3, the filter 4, the valve 5, the valve 7, and the reserve tank 8.
- the plating solution in the reserve tank 8 can be circulated and the plating solution can be filtered through the filter 13. That is, the plating solution is a reserve tank 8, a valve 11, and a pump 12. It circulates in the path
- the plating solution in the spare tank 8 can be sent to the plating tank 1 via the filter 13. That is, the plating solution is sent through the path of the preliminary tank 8, the valve 11, the pump 12, the filter 13, the valve 14, the valve 15, and the plating tank 1.
- Rare earth impurities are deposited by heating the plating solution in the preliminary tank 8.
- the precipitated rare earth impurities settle at the bottom of the preliminary tank 8 when the stirring with the stirring blade 9 is stopped.
- the path of the preliminary tank 8, the valve 11, the pump 12, the filter 13, the valve 14, the valve 15, and the plating tank 1 In this case, the clogging of the filter due to precipitates is suppressed, and the filter disposed in the filter 13 can be used for a long time.
- the tip of the pipe connected to the pump 12 from the reserve tank 8 via the valve 11 (part that absorbs the plating solution) is not in contact with the bottom of the reserve tank 8, and it is difficult to suck the deposit deposited on the bottom. It has become.
- the solution may be sent without waiting for the sedimentation.
- the deposit in the preliminary tank 8 is deposited on the bottom of the preliminary tank 8, and the deposit contained in the plating solution fed from the preliminary tank 8 to the plating tank 1 is extremely reduced. ing. Therefore, after sending the solution to plating tank 1, the plating solution is filtered in the plating tank 1 (plating tank 1, valve 2, pump 3, filter 4, valve 5, valve 6, and plating tank 1 path). The precipitate remaining in the liquid can be removed by filtration.
- devices having various configurations can be used without being limited to the above devices.
- a configuration in which the piping for circulating the plating solution in the plating tank 1 and the piping for feeding the plating solution in the plating tank 1 to the spare tank 8 are arranged completely independently can be employed.
- a specific configuration will be described with a valve, a pump, a filter, and a pipe connected to the plating tank 1.
- the plating solution is plating tank 1, valve 2, pump 3, filter 4, valve 5, It circulates through the path of the valve 6 and the plating tank 1.
- the plating solution is plated tank 1, valve 2, pump 3, filter 4, valve 5, valve 7, and spare tank 8. It is sent by the route.
- circulation in the plating tank 1 and liquid feeding from the plating tank 1 to the preliminary tank 8 are switched by opening and closing the valves 5, 6 and 7.
- the paths to the valve 2, the pump 3, the filter 4, and the valve 5 are used for both circulation and liquid feeding, and are shared.
- piping is provided in the path that continues to the plating tank 1 through the valve 2, the pump 3, the filter 4, the valve 5, and the valve 6 for circulation (in this case, the valve 5 and the valve 6 are not necessarily required).
- piping is provided in a path that passes through the valve 2 ′, the pump 3 ′, the filter 4 ′, the valve 5 ′, and the valve 7 and continues to the auxiliary tank 8 (in this case, the valve 5 ′ and the valve 7 are not necessarily required).
- FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which another spare tank is added to the configuration of the plating tank and the spare tank described in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is mainly intended to explain the function of the plating tank and the preliminary tank, that is, the function of each tank. Therefore, the heater and the stirring blade arranged individually in each preliminary tank, and the plating tank The arranged electrodes are not shown. Further, only the piping necessary for liquid feeding between the preliminary tanks and between the preliminary tanks and the plating tank is shown, and the valves and the piping necessary for circulation are not shown.
- Each spare tank has a heater (and a stirring blade) and can heat the nickel electroplating solution, and can promote precipitation of rare earth impurities by heating. For example, after supplying a plating solution containing rare earth impurities to the first preliminary tank 19, the plating liquid not containing the rare earth impurities stored in the second preliminary tank 21 (or rare earth impurities to a predetermined concentration). By sending the removed plating solution) to the plating tank 17, the time for interrupting the plating operation in the plating tank 17 can be shortened.
- the first preliminary tank 19 removes rare earth impurities in the plating solution to half of the target removal amount, and then sends the solution to the second preliminary tank 21 to further remove the target rare earth impurity amount.
- the temperature of the electronickel plating solution is at least It is desirable to cool below the processing temperature of the electro nickel plating solution.
- the temperature of the moved electro nickel plating solution is higher than the treatment temperature of the electro nickel plating solution, the electro nickel plating treatment at that temperature may change the characteristics of the plating film.
- a heating device such as a heater is attached to the electric nickel plating tank, so even if the temperature of the moved electro nickel plating solution is below the processing temperature, it can be set to the processing temperature by heating.
- the temperature of the nickel plating solution is equal to or higher than the processing temperature, it is necessary to provide a separate cooling device.
- Providing a cooling device in the plating tank increases the cost and requires time for cooling, which lowers the efficiency of the plating process.
- the plating tank may be deformed by a high temperature plating solution. Cooling of the electro nickel plating solution stops natural heating for precipitation of rare earth impurities and may be natural cooling. When it is desired to cool quickly, a heat exchanger or chiller for cooling may be used.
- Example 1 It has a composition consisting of 250 g / L nickel sulfate, 50 g / L nickel chloride, and 45 g / L boric acid.
- the pH 4.5 plating solution is heated to 50 ° C, and R-Fe-B-based firing is performed. Electronickel plating was applied to the surface of the magnet.
- R-Fe-B sintered magnets are 15-25% by mass Nd, 4-7% by mass Pr, 0-10% by mass Dy, 0.6-1.8% by mass B, depending on the required magnetic properties.
- Several types of compositions adjusted to a composition range consisting of 0.07 to 1.2 mass% Al and the balance Fe (including 3 mass% or less of Cu and Ga) were used. However, the composition of the magnets used in one batch was the same.
- the composition and amount of each rare earth impurity dissolved in the plating solution vary depending on the combination of magnets used for plating, the treatment method such as barrel plating and rack plating, and the composition of the plating solution.
- Nd impurities, Pr impurities, and Dy impurities in the electro nickel plating solution were analyzed with an ICP emission spectrometer.
- the analysis results of the plating solution after use were Nd: 500 ppm, Pr: 179 ppm, and Dy: 29 ppm.
- the pH of this plating solution was 4.5.
- the plating solution containing the rare earth impurities was collected in a fixed amount (3 liters) beaker and kept at 90 ° C. with a heater for a fixed time. During heating, the mixture was stirred with a magnetic stirrer (magnet stirrer). During heating, water was replenished so that the concentration of the plating solution was constant.
- the ionic state rare earth impurities dissolved in the electrolytic nickel plating solution became precipitates by heating for a predetermined time, and were separated and removed from the plating solution by filtration with filter paper.
- the rare earth impurities that did not become precipitates even after heating for a predetermined time remained in the plating solution in an ionic state at a rate as shown in the above analysis results.
- the longer the heating time the greater the amount of rare earth impurities separated and removed as precipitates.
- the amount of rare earth impurities in the ionic state in the plating solution decreased. . It was found that the amount of impurities of Pr and Dy was reduced simultaneously with the reduction of the amount of rare earth element Nd by the treatment method of Example 1.
- Example 2 R-Fe-B sintering with a composition consisting of 250 g / L nickel sulfate, 50 g / L nickel chloride, 45 g / L boric acid, and a pH 4.5 plating solution heated to 50 ° C
- Electronickel plating was applied to the surface of a magnet (using the same composition range as in Example 1). After plating for several days, the Nd impurity in the electronickel plating solution was analyzed and found to be 576 ppm.
- the plating solution after the above treatment is heated under 6 conditions from 50 ° C to 95 ° C (however, from 50 ° C to 90 ° C, 5 conditions in increments of 10 ° C), and each sample is collected and held in a 3-liter beaker. did.
- the mixture was stirred with a magnetic stirrer (magnet stirrer).
- water was replenished so that the concentration of the plating solution was constant, and a sufficient amount of plating solution was collected for ICP emission analysis at regular intervals.
- the collected plating solution was filtered with a filter paper, and then the content (concentration) of Nd impurities in the plating solution was analyzed using an ICP emission spectrometer.
- the analysis results from 50 ° C. to 90 ° C. are shown in Table 1 and shown in FIG.
- the Nd impurity concentration became 518 ppm after 168 hours.
- the Nd impurity concentration decreased after 24 hours and became 177 ppm after 216 hours.
- the Nd impurity concentration tended to always be lower after 24 hours compared to 60 ° C.
- the liquid temperature was 80 ° C.
- the Nd impurity concentration decreased immediately after heating and reached 125 ppm after 96 hours.
- the liquid temperature was 90 ° C.
- the Nd impurity concentration was 134 ppm after 24 hours, 84 ppm after 48 hours, and 59 ppm after 96 hours.
- the liquid temperature was 95 ° C., analysis was conducted after 24 hours and 96 hours, and the Nd impurity concentration was almost the same as when heated at 90 ° C.
- the heating temperature is about 200ppm in one week (168 hours) at 60 °C. It can be seen that almost the same effect can be obtained in 5 days (120 hours) at 70 ° C, 3 days (72 hours) at 80 ° C, and 24 hours (1 day) at 90 ° C and 95 ° C. Therefore, for example, when 1 week is the unit period of production, the plating solution which is kept at 60 ° C. for 1 week (168 hours) and then filtered can be used for the plating process, and at 70 ° C. for 5 days (120 days). The amount of impurities that can be plated in time) can be reduced.
- impurities in the plating solution can be reduced in a shorter time. That is, the heating temperature and the holding time can be selected according to the presence or absence of equipment capable of heating the plating solution to the above temperature and the production schedule.
- Example 3 The plating solution heated in Example 1 and Example 2 was filtered with a filter paper, and the precipitate deposited from the plating solution was collected. The precipitate was dried in a thermostatic bath. The property was powder (solid). When this precipitate was analyzed with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX), Nd: 32.532, Pr: 11.967, Dy: 1.581, Al: 0.402, Ni: 7.986, C: 0.319, and O: 45.213 (mass) %). From this result, it was confirmed that the rare earth impurities in the plating solution were precipitated as powder (solid) by the heating treatment.
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray analyzer
- Example 4 R-Fe-B sintered magnet with a composition consisting of 250 g / L nickel sulfate, 50 g / L nickel chloride, and 45 g / L boric acid.
- Electronickel plating was applied to the surface of the same composition range as in Example 1. After plating for several days, the Nd impurity in the electronickel plating solution was analyzed and found to be 544 ppm.
- the present invention is capable of efficiently removing the rare earth impurities in the electronickel plating solution that dissolves in the plating solution when plating the rare earth magnet and causes so-called plating defects. Has industrial applicability.
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Abstract
Description
例えば、希土類元素がめっき液中に不純物として蓄積し一定量以上になると、めっき被膜と磁石素材との間で密着性が低下し剥離が発生したり、めっき被膜成膜中の電流断続を起因とする層内剥離である2重めっきが発生したりする。
250 g/Lの硫酸ニッケル、50 g/Lの塩化ニッケル、及び45g/Lのほう酸からなる組成を有し、pH4.5のめっき液を50℃に加温し、R-Fe-B系焼結磁石の表面に電気ニッケルめっきを施した。R-Fe-B系焼結磁石は必要な磁気特性に応じて、15~25質量%のNd、4~7質量%のPr、0~10質量%のDy、0.6~1.8質量%のB、0.07~1.2質量%のAl、及び残部Fe(3質量%以下のCu及びGaを含む)からなる組成範囲に調整した数種類のものを用いた。ただし、一回のバッチで用いる磁石の組成は同じものとした。なおメッキ液に溶解する希土類不純物のそれぞれの組成や量はめっきに供した磁石の組み合わせ、バレルめっきやラックめっきといった処理方法、メッキ液の組成によって異なる。
250 g/Lの硫酸ニッケル、50 g/Lの塩化ニッケル、45 g/Lのほう酸からなる組成を有し、pH4.5のめっき液を50℃に加温しR-Fe-B系焼結磁石(実施例1と同じ組成範囲のものを用いた)の表面に電気ニッケルめっきを施した。数日間めっき処理を行った後、電気ニッケルめっき液中のNd不純物を分析したところ576 ppmであった。
実施例1及び実施例2で加温処理しためっき液を、濾紙で濾過し、めっき液から析出した析出物を回収した。上記析出物を恒温槽で乾燥した。性状は紛体(固体)であった。この析出物をエネルギー分散型X線分析装置(EDX)にて分析したところ、Nd:32.532、Pr:11.967、Dy:1.581、Al:0.402、Ni:7.986、C:0.319、及びO:45.213(質量%)の組成を有していた。この結果から、加温処置により、めっき液中の希土類不純物が紛体(固体)として析出していることを確認した。
250g/Lの硫酸ニッケル、50g/Lの塩化ニッケル、45g/Lのほう酸からなる組成を有し、pH4.5のめっき液を50℃に加温しR-Fe-B系焼結磁石(実施例1と同じ組成範囲のものを用いた)の表面に電気ニッケルめっきを施した。数日間めっき処理を行った後、電気ニッケルめっき液中のNd不純物を分析したところ544 ppmとなっていた。
Claims (4)
- 希土類不純物を含むpHが4.0~5.1の電気ニッケルめっき液を、60℃以上に加温した状態で一定時間保持した後、前記加温により析出した析出物を沈降及び/又は濾過により、前記電気ニッケルめっき液から除去することを特徴とする電気ニッケルめっき液中の希土類不純物の除去方法。
- 請求項1に記載の電気ニッケルめっき液中の希土類不純物の除去方法において、前記加温前の電気ニッケルめっき液のpHが4.0~4.5であることを特徴とする電気ニッケルめっき液中の希土類不純物の除去方法。
- 請求項1又は2に記載の電気ニッケルめっき液中の希土類不純物の除去方法において、前記電気ニッケルめっき液の加温に際し、電気ニッケルめっき液を攪拌することを特徴とする電気ニッケルめっき液中の希土類不純物の除去方法。
- 請求項3に記載の電気ニッケルめっき液中の希土類不純物の除去方法において、前記攪拌は、空気、攪拌羽根の回転、又はポンプによる液の循環による攪拌であることを特徴とする電気ニッケルめっき液中の希土類不純物の除去方法。
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