WO2014148633A1 - 飲食品用乳化組成物、飲食品用乳化組成物の製造方法、飲食品及び乳飲料 - Google Patents
飲食品用乳化組成物、飲食品用乳化組成物の製造方法、飲食品及び乳飲料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014148633A1 WO2014148633A1 PCT/JP2014/057898 JP2014057898W WO2014148633A1 WO 2014148633 A1 WO2014148633 A1 WO 2014148633A1 JP 2014057898 W JP2014057898 W JP 2014057898W WO 2014148633 A1 WO2014148633 A1 WO 2014148633A1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C11/00—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions
- A23C11/02—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins
- A23C11/04—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins containing non-milk fats but no non-milk proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
- A23C19/06—Treating cheese curd after whey separation; Products obtained thereby
- A23C19/068—Particular types of cheese
- A23C19/076—Soft unripened cheese, e.g. cottage or cream cheese
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C19/00—Cheese; Cheese preparations; Making thereof
- A23C19/06—Treating cheese curd after whey separation; Products obtained thereby
- A23C19/09—Other cheese preparations; Mixtures of cheese with other foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
- A23C9/1528—Fatty acids; Mono- or diglycerides; Petroleum jelly; Paraffine; Phospholipids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F5/00—Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F5/24—Extraction of coffee; Coffee extracts; Making instant coffee
- A23F5/243—Liquid, semi-liquid or non-dried semi-solid coffee extract preparations; Coffee gels; Liquid coffee in solid capsules
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/10—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing emulsifiers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L35/00—Food or foodstuffs not provided for in groups A23L5/00 – A23L33/00; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L35/10—Emulsified foodstuffs
Definitions
- This invention relates to the emulsion composition for food-drinks manufactured using dairy products, such as fresh cheese.
- a technology using an emulsion composition for beverages using a dairy product having cost merit in place of conventionally used milk is known in food and drink products, particularly in milk beverages having a large market for taste beverages.
- an emulsified composition having improved dispersibility and emulsion stability using organic acid monoglyceride, an emulsifier of HLB 10 or higher, and sodium caseinate for a fresh cheese with a high milk fat content Patent Document 1
- Patent Document 2 a first step composed of an emulsifier of HLB 8-14, fresh cheese, and water, and the emulsifier is dispersed in water to form vesicles having an average particle diameter of 10 to 600 nm;
- Fresh cheese prepared from the second step of adding and emulsifying fresh cheese to the emulsifier-dispersed aqueous solution prepared by the process Higher concentrations, preferably used at a concentration of 50% or more, good flavor and excellent storage stability cheese emulsion (Patent Document 3), and the like.
- the fresh cheese to be used is not particularly limited.
- the milk solids content is 45 wt% or more of fresh cheese, and the animal-derived milk is used as a raw material.
- the animal-derived milk is used as a raw material.
- cream cheese with little influence of the flavor to food / beverage products is used suitably, and in patent document 3, what will be conventionally well-known?
- fresh cheese with a high milk fat content is better because cream cheese is preferred, and the milk fat content is It is preferably 35 to 65%, and more preferably 40 to 60%.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-267013 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-45364 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-234697
- An object of the present invention is to provide a food and drink such as a dairy drink that has an excellent flavor while having good emulsification stability and has a sustainable effect even when stored for a long period of time. .
- An emulsified composition for food and drink containing a dairy product and an emulsifier having a total solid content of 55% by weight or more, wherein the emulsifier is a fatty acid ester, and the dairy product is MFFB% ((water content) / Emulsion composition for food and drink, wherein (percentage of total weight-milk fat content) is 73% by weight or more.
- MFFB% (water content) / Emulsion composition for food and drink, wherein (percentage of total weight-milk fat content) is 73% by weight or more.
- the dairy product is cheese, milk, whole milk, concentrated milk, whole milk powder, cream, butter, butter oil, butter milk, butter milk powder, butter serum, skim milk, skim concentrated milk, skim milk powder,
- [6] The emulsion composition for food and drink according to any one of [1] to [5], which is for milk drinks.
- a food or drink comprising the emulsion composition for food or drink according to any one of [1] to [6].
- a milk beverage comprising the emulsion composition for food and drink according to [6].
- a method for producing a milk beverage produced by mixing the emulsion composition for food and beverage according to [6] and a liquid serving as a base of a beverage.
- a method for producing an emulsified composition for food and drink comprising a dairy product and an emulsifier, wherein fatty acid esters are used as the emulsifier, and MFFB% ((water content) / (total weight-milk) as the dairy product.
- a dairy product with a fat percentage) of 73% by weight or more the emulsifier and water are mixed to prepare an emulsifier-containing dispersion, and the emulsifier-containing dispersion and the dairy product are mixed and emulsified.
- the emulsion composition for food and drink according to the present invention is an emulsion composition for food and drink containing a dairy product having a total solid content of 55% by weight or more and an emulsifier, wherein the emulsifier is a fatty acid ester, and the dairy product Is characterized in that MFFB% ((water content) / (total weight-milk fat content) percentage) is 73% by weight or more.
- the dairy product used in the present invention has a total solid content of 55% by weight or more, more preferably 60% by weight or more, preferably 68% by weight or less, more preferably 66% by weight or less, still more preferably 65% by weight or less, Especially preferably, it is 64 weight% or less.
- the total solid content here means a value obtained by subtracting the water content from the total weight of the dairy product.
- the dairy product used in the present invention is animal milk or processed product thereof, for example, cheese such as fresh cheese, milk, full fat milk, concentrated milk, whole milk powder, cream (fresh cream, double cream, clotted) Cream, etc.), butter, butter oil, butter milk, butter milk powder, butter serum, skim milk, skim concentrated milk, skim milk powder, milk protein (casein or its salt (Na salt, K salt etc.), whey or its concentrate , Refined product), permeate, lactose, whey mineral and the like.
- cheese such as fresh cheese, milk, full fat milk, concentrated milk, whole milk powder, cream (fresh cream, double cream, clotted) Cream, etc.
- butter butter oil, butter milk, butter milk powder, butter serum, skim milk, skim concentrated milk, skim milk powder
- milk protein casein or its salt (Na salt, K salt etc.)
- whey or its concentrate Refined product
- milk components containing fats and oils are suitable in terms of flavor, especially cheese such as fresh cheese, milk, full fat milk, concentrated milk, whole milk powder, cream (fresh cream, double cream, clotted cream, etc.), butter , Butter oil, buttermilk, buttermilk powder and buttersarum are preferred, and fresh cheese, concentrated milk, whole milk powder, cream (fresh cream, double cream, clotted cream, etc.), butter and butteroil are more preferred.
- these dairy products may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the total solid content, etc., and the values of MFFB% and FDB% are calculated by taking the total weight of the used dairy product as 100% by weight and calculating the total amount of water and milk fat. It is calculated after that.
- the dairy product is a dairy product having a larger amount of milk fat than the non-fat milk solid content contained in the total solid content.
- the weight ratio between the milk fat content and the non-fat milk solid content, when the milk fat content is 1, the non-fat milk solid content is usually 0.35 or less, preferably 0.25 or less, more preferably 0.24 or less. Most preferably, it is 0.23 or less, and usually 0.15, since the flavor in food and drink is good.
- dairy products having a milk fat content greater than the non-fat milk solid content contained in the total solid content include fresh cheese, cream, butter, butter oil and the like.
- milk fat content here means the fat content derived from the milk of the animal contained in dairy products.
- MFFB% (water content) / (total weight-milk fat content) percentage) of 73% by weight or more is used as the milk component.
- MFFB% Percentage of Moisture on a Fat-Ferr basis
- the MFFB% of the dairy product may be 73% by weight or more, preferably 74% by weight or more, more preferably 76% by weight or more, more preferably 97% by weight or less, more preferably 95% by weight or less, and 92% by weight. More preferably, it is% or less. By being in this range, the flavor in food and drink is improved.
- FDB% Percentage fat on the basis is a value representing the fat content of the dairy product.
- the FDB% is preferably 74% by weight or more, more preferably 80% by weight or more, more preferably 81% by weight or more, most preferably 82% by weight or more, and preferably 99% by weight or less, more preferably 95% by weight or less. 93 wt% or less is more preferable, and 87 wt% or less is most preferable. By being this range, the flavor in food-drinks becomes more favorable.
- the content of the dairy product in the emulsion composition for food and drink of the present invention is usually 10% by weight or more, preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, most preferably 50% by weight or more, usually 90%. % By weight or less, preferably 80% by weight or less, more preferably 70% by weight or less, and most preferably 60% by weight or less. By being in this range, it is possible to produce an emulsified composition that is easy to produce, has high stability, and is optimal in terms of cost.
- the content of fat in the emulsion composition for food and drink according to the present invention is usually 5% by weight or more, preferably 10% by weight or more, more preferably 15% by weight or more, further preferably 20% by weight or more, Most preferably, it is 25% by weight or more, usually 80% by weight or less, preferably 70% by weight or less, more preferably 60% by weight or less, and most preferably 50% by weight or less. By being in this range, it is possible to produce an emulsified composition with good milk flavor that is easy to produce, has high stability, and is optimal in terms of cost.
- the fresh cheese in the present invention is a kind of natural cheese, which is a non-ripe molded cheese that does not take a ripening process.
- the fresh cheese used in the present invention is preferably non-fermented because it can obtain a mild and light flavor.
- the non-fermented type is produced by using a production technique including coagulation without fermenting milk, buttermilk or fresh cream with lactic acid bacteria, and is the same as that fermented with lactic acid bacteria. It has chemical, physical and sensory properties.
- fresh cheese examples include cream cheese, mozzarella cheese, cottage cheese, ricotta, mascarpone, fromage blanc, paneer, rubin, etc.
- cream cheese that has little influence on the taste of food and drink is preferred, and non-fermented A type of cream cheese is particularly preferred.
- the total solid content of the fresh cheese is preferably 68% by weight or less, more preferably 66% by weight or less, more preferably 65% by weight or less, and most preferably 64% by weight or less.
- the lower limit is usually 50% by weight or more, preferably 55% by weight or more, more preferably 60% by weight or more. If the total solid content of fresh cheese is below the above lower limit, the cost per total solid tends to be high, and if it exceeds the above upper limit, the flavor unique to cheese will increase and the influence on the flavor of food and drink will increase. The production of fresh cheese itself tends to be difficult.
- the total solid content means a value obtained by subtracting the amount of water from the total weight of fresh cheese.
- content of milk fat is 30 weight% or more normally in fresh cheese among the total solid of fresh cheese used by this invention, Preferably it is 40 weight% or more, More preferably, it is 50 weight% or more.
- the upper limit is usually 67% by weight. If the content of milk fat is below the above lower limit, the cost per milk fat tends to be high, and if it exceeds the above upper limit, it is difficult to produce fresh cheese itself or the cost tends to be high.
- the milk fat content here means the value measured based on the analysis method of the process cheese prescribed
- the weight ratio of the milk fat content and the non-fat milk solid content contained in the total solid content of the fresh cheese used in the present invention is usually 0.35 or less when the milk fat content is 1. Preferably, it is 0.25 or less, more preferably 0.24 or less, and most preferably 0.23 or less, because the influence on the flavor of food and drink is small.
- the lower limit is usually 0.15, and if the lower limit is not reached, it is difficult to produce fresh cheese itself or the cost tends to increase.
- non-fat milk solid content here means the value which deducted milk fat content from the above-mentioned total solid content.
- the MFFB% of the fresh cheese used in the present invention is usually preferably 70% by weight or more, more preferably 73% by weight or more, further preferably 74% by weight or more, and most preferably 76% by weight or more. If MFFB% is equal to or more than the above lower limit, it is preferable because the influence on the flavor of food and drink is small. On the other hand, the upper limit of MFFB% is usually 97% by weight, and if this upper limit is exceeded, it is difficult to produce fresh cheese itself or the cost tends to increase. Note that MFFB% is a percentage of a value obtained by (water content) / (total weight-milk fat content) as described above.
- any of milk, buttermilk, or cream may be used alone or in combination, more preferably milk alone or a combination of milk and buttermilk or cream is particularly preferable.
- the combination of milk and cream is preferred because it has little effect on the flavor of food and drink.
- the content of fresh cheese in the emulsion composition for food and drink of the present invention is usually 10% by weight or more, preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, and usually 80% by weight or less, preferably 70% by weight. % Or less, more preferably 60% by weight or less. By being in this range, it is possible to produce an emulsified composition that is easy to produce, has high stability, and is optimal in terms of cost.
- fatty acid esters can be used without particular limitation as long as they can be used in foods.
- sucrose fatty acid ester polysorbate (polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester), glycerin fatty acid ester (monoglyceride, organic acid monoglyceride, polyglycerin fatty acid ester), sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, stearoyl lactate (stearoyl) Sodium lactate, calcium stearoyl lactate), fatty acid esters such as enzymatically decomposed lecithin and lecithin; saponins and the like.
- sucrose fatty acid esters, organic acid monoglycerides, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, and sorbitan fatty acid esters are preferable, and sucrose fatty acid esters, organic acid monoglycerides, and polyglycerin fatty acid esters are emulsified compositions and the same. It is more preferable because of good emulsification stability in milk beverages. In particular, it is preferable to contain two or more fatty acid esters in the emulsion composition for food and drink.
- sucrose fatty acid esters or polyglycerin fatty acid esters are preferred, because it provides a better emulsification stability and a milk flavor closer to milk.
- sucrose fatty acid esters and polyglycerin fatty acid esters may be used.
- the sucrose fatty acid ester or polyglycerin fatty acid ester preferably has an HLB of 11 or more, more preferably 12 or more, and most preferably an HLB of 13 or more.
- the emulsifier for foodstuffs which has an effect with respect to the heat-resistant microbe which is a harmful
- any emulsifier for food having the effect can be used without particular limitation, but sucrose fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, and organic acid monoglyceride include Particularly preferred are sucrose fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, and organic acid monoglycerides having 14 to 22 carbon atoms in the constituent fatty acids, and sucrose fatty acid esters and polyglycerin fatty acids in which the constituent fatty acids have 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- sucrose fatty acid esters and polyglycerin fatty acid esters in which 50% by weight or more of the constituent fatty acid composition has 16 carbon chains are most preferred, and these are preferred because of their high effectiveness against bacteria.
- the monoester content is usually 50% by weight or more, preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, because the effectiveness against bacteria is high. Is preferred.
- the polyglycerol fatty acid ester the average degree of polymerization of polyglycerol is preferably 2 to 5, more preferably 2 to 3, and most preferably 3 because of its high effectiveness against bacteria.
- the content of the emulsifier in the emulsion composition for food and drink of the present invention is usually 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0.05% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 10% by weight.
- it is more preferably 5% by weight or less, particularly preferably 3% by weight or less.
- the content of the organic acid monoglyceride is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0.05% by weight or more, and It is more preferably 1% by weight or more, and particularly preferably 0.4% by weight or less.
- the content of the other emulsifier is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0.05% by weight or more, 0 More preferably, it is 1% by weight or more, preferably 10% by weight or less, more preferably 5% by weight or less, and even more preferably 3% by weight or less.
- organic acid monoglyceride examples include acetic acid monoglyceride, citric acid monoglyceride, succinic acid monoglyceride, diacetyltartaric acid monoglyceride, and lactic acid monoglyceride. More preferably, succinic acid monoglyceride is most preferable in terms of flavor and emulsion stability.
- the solid content in the emulsion composition for food and drink is usually 10% by weight or more, preferably 20% by weight or more, more preferably 30% by weight or more, preferably 90% by weight or less, and preferably 80% by weight or less. More preferably, it is more preferably 75% by weight or less, particularly preferably 50% by weight or less, and most preferably 40% by weight or less. If the solid content in the emulsified composition is less than the above lower limit, the milk flavor tends to be weak and the cost per milk solid content tends to be high, and if it exceeds the above upper limit, there is too little moisture and the stability is low. As a result, it tends to be difficult to manufacture.
- the content ratio (weight basis) of the emulsifier to the dairy product is preferably 1 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less, when the dairy product is 1. .3 or less is more preferable, and 0.1 or less is particularly preferable.
- Emulsions for food and drink usually contain water.
- the water content in the emulsion composition for food or drink is usually more than 5% by weight, preferably more than 10% by weight, more preferably more than 20% by weight, particularly preferably more than 25% by weight, most preferably. Is more than 50% by weight, even more than 60% by weight, preferably less than 90% by weight, more preferably less than 80% by weight, particularly preferably less than 70% by weight.
- vegetable fat can be added to this emulsion composition for food and drink.
- the vegetable fat is not limited as long as it is a plant-derived fat.
- the proportion of fatty acids having 14 or less carbon atoms in the total fatty acids bound to triglyceride molecules contained in vegetable fat is preferably 20% by weight or more, more preferably 25% by weight or more, 30 % By weight or more is most preferable, 95% by weight or less is preferable, 90% by weight or less is more preferable, and 85% by weight or less is most preferable because a good flavor is obtained.
- the vegetable fat can be blended by replacing a part of the content of the dairy product in the emulsion composition for food and drink. Therefore, the total amount of these components and dairy products in the emulsion composition for food and drink is usually 10% by weight or more, preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 40% by weight or more, usually 80% by weight or less, preferably 70%. % By weight or less, 60% by weight or less. By setting it within this range, it is possible to produce an emulsified composition that is easy to produce, has high stability, and is optimal in terms of cost.
- the total solid content, MFFB%, and FDB% when using vegetable fat is 100% by weight of the total weight of the dairy product and vegetable fat, and the total amount of water and milk fat content. Calculated after obtaining the value.
- animal and / or vegetable proteins can be added to the emulsion composition for food and drink.
- the animal and / or plant protein can be used without particular limitation as long as it is an animal and / or plant protein that can be used in food.
- egg-derived proteins and the like, and plant proteins include beans-derived proteins such as soybeans and peas.
- the content of these animal and / or vegetable proteins in the emulsion composition for food and drink is usually 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 0.2% by weight or more, more preferably 0.3% by weight or more, Most preferably, it is 0.4% by weight or more, usually 10% by weight or less, preferably 6.0% by weight or less, more preferably 3.0% by weight or less, and most preferably 1.5% by weight or less.
- other additives and the like may be contained.
- other additives include antioxidants, carrageenan, xanthan gum, cellulose, gellan gum, pectin, sodium alginate, and gelatin.
- thickening stabilizers such as soybean polysaccharide, cassia gum, guar gum, locust bean gum, starch, modified starch, dextrin, pullulan, tamarind seed gum, pH adjusters such as baking soda and phosphate, and fragrances.
- the fragrances herein include those obtained by modifying milk components by enzyme treatment or the like, and those purified by distillation or the like.
- a water-soluble antioxidant and / or an oil-soluble antioxidant in order to maintain a good flavor, it is preferable to add a water-soluble antioxidant and / or an oil-soluble antioxidant, and particularly, to add both a water-soluble antioxidant and an oil-soluble antioxidant. Is more preferable.
- the water-soluble antioxidant is not particularly limited as long as it is an antioxidant that can be used in foods. Rosemary extract, tea extract, fresh coffee bean extract, grape seed extract, bayberry Examples include plant extracts such as extracts, L-ascorbic acid and its salts, erythorbic acid and its salts, and the like. Plant extracts such as rosemary extract, tea extract, fresh coffee bean extract, and grape seed extract are more preferable, and rosemary extract is most preferable in that the effect of maintaining good flavor is high.
- the amount of water-soluble antioxidant added is usually 0.001% by weight or more, preferably 0.01% by weight or more, usually 2.0% by weight or less, preferably 1.0% by weight. % Or less.
- the oil-soluble antioxidant is not particularly limited as long as it is an antioxidant that can be used in foods. Rosemary extract, tea extract, fresh coffee bean extract, grape seed extract, bayberry Examples include plant extracts such as extracts, tocopherols, tocotrienols, ascorbyl palmitate, dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, and the like.
- the plant extract such as rosemary extract, tea extract, fresh coffee bean extract, grape seed extract, bayberry extract, tocopherol, ascorbyl palmitate is more effective in maintaining good flavor. Preferred are rosemary extract and tocopherol.
- the addition amount of oil-soluble antioxidant (content in the emulsion composition) is usually 0.0005% by weight or more, preferably 0.005% by weight or more, usually 1.0% by weight or less, preferably 0.5% by weight. % Or less.
- the viscosity of the emulsion composition for food and drink according to the present invention is usually 400 mPa ⁇ in order to prevent water separation or layer separation over time, and can be easily handled and can be stably produced.
- s or less preferably 300 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 250 mPa ⁇ s or less, more preferably 200 mPa ⁇ s or less, particularly preferably 150 mPa ⁇ s or less, most preferably 100 mPa ⁇ s or less, usually 5 mPa ⁇ s or less, preferably 10 mPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 20 mPa ⁇ s or more, and most preferably 40 mPa ⁇ s or more.
- the emulsified composition for food and drink of the present invention may contain the above-mentioned specific material, and its production method is not specified.
- the fatty acid ester and water are mixed to obtain an emulsifier-containing dispersion.
- the dairy product is prepared by mixing the emulsifier-containing dispersion and the dairy product, and more preferably emulsifying the dairy product.
- the state of an emulsion may be sufficient as the emulsion composition for food-drinks of this invention, and the state before emulsifying may be sufficient as it.
- the fatty acid ester and water are mixed to produce an emulsifier-containing dispersion.
- the concentration of fatty acid esters is preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, preferably 40% by weight or less, more preferably 30% by weight or less, and most preferably 20% by weight or less. preferable.
- a dairy product is added to this dispersion and emulsified by stirring with a homomixer or a homogenizer to obtain an emulsified composition for food and drink according to the present invention.
- the temperature of the emulsifier-containing dispersion or dairy product to be used is usually about 40 to 80 ° C.
- the method for mixing the fatty acid esters with water is not particularly limited, but is dispersed in water with a powder dispersion apparatus such as a powder blender together with other powders, and heated to disperse the dispersion. It may be produced, or only a specific fatty acid ester may be dispersed in water so as to form a vesicle having a size of several tens to several hundreds of nm. Moreover, the said fatty acid ester can also be disperse
- the method for adding the emulsifier-containing dispersion to the dairy product is not particularly limited, but the addition speed can be optimized in order to improve the efficiency of the emulsification process.
- An emulsifier-containing dispersion can also be added to the dairy product.
- emulsification first, preliminary emulsification with a homomixer, a powder blender or the like, followed by main emulsification using a homogenizer, a plurality of stirring and emulsification steps may be performed.
- the emulsification step by the homogenizer may be performed once, but more preferably two or more times in order to improve the stability of the obtained food / beverage emulsion composition and food / beverage products using the same.
- the emulsification step using a homogenizer may be performed either before or after the sterilization step, but is preferably performed before the sterilization step because management of the manufacturing process is easy.
- the emulsification step is usually carried out under heating conditions of 40 to 80 ° C., and the emulsification step using a homogenizer is usually carried out under high pressure conditions of 5 MPa or more, preferably 10 MPa or more, usually 200 MPa or less, preferably 100 MPa or less. .
- the obtained emulsion composition for foods and drinks may be sterilized by a sterilization method commonly used in foods such as low temperature sterilization, high temperature sterilization, high temperature short time sterilization, and ultra high temperature instantaneous sterilization.
- the sterilization method is not particularly limited, but ultra-high temperature instantaneous sterilization is preferable in that the flavor deterioration due to heat is small.
- plate type indirect sterilization method, tube type indirect sterilization method, Injection, infusion type direct sterilization methods and Joule type sterilization methods are preferred.
- the emulsion composition for food and drink according to the present invention includes various processed products such as processed flour such as bread and noodles, processed fats and oils such as fat spread and flour paste, curry, soup, pasta sauce, stew, demiglace sauce, white sauce and tomato sauce.
- processed foods such as sauces and soups, Chinese food ingredients, and rice bowl ingredients, complex seasonings, processed milk, yogurt, lactic acid bacteria beverages, cheese, ice creams, adjusted milk powder, creams, milk drinks Products, caramel, candy, chewing gum, chocolate, cookies, biscuits, cakes, pies, snacks, crackers, Japanese confectionery, rice confectionery, bean confectionery, jelly, pudding, etc.
- Cooking of processed products, frozen foods, refrigerated foods, packed foods and store side dishes Can be used for instant foods such as instant noodles, cup noodles, instant soups and stews, and other foods and beverages such as fortified foods, liquid foods, and high-calorie foods. It is preferable to be used.
- the above-mentioned food or drink containing the emulsion composition for food or drink of the present invention or to which the emulsion composition for food or drink is added includes, in addition to the emulsion composition for food or drink of the present invention, sugars such as sugar, sweeteners, baking soda May contain additives such as pH adjusters, emulsifiers, thickening stabilizers, animal and / or vegetable proteins, animal and / or vegetable oils, antioxidants, fragrances, enzymes, etc. Good.
- the above-mentioned food / beverage products containing the emulsion composition for food / beverage products of this invention, or the addition of the emulsion composition for food / beverage products are manufactured by mixing with the material used as the base of food / beverage products.
- the additive may be mixed in advance with the base material. These additives may be added and mixed when the emulsified composition and the base material are mixed.
- the milk drink of this invention is a milk drink containing the emulsion composition for food / beverage products of this invention, or the emulsion composition for food / beverage products was added, and MFFB% is It contains dairy products and fatty acid esters that are 73% by weight or more.
- the dairy product When producing the milk beverage of the present invention, the dairy product is mixed with water, coffee extract, black tea extract, milk component, sugar such as sugar, sweetener, pH adjuster, emulsifier, thickening stabilizer, animal and Although it may be mixed with a liquid which is a base of beverages such as vegetable protein, animal and / or vegetable oils, antioxidants, etc., preferably, the dairy product is, for example, the above-mentioned food and drink obtained by emulsifying it It is preferable to mix as an emulsified composition for a product from the viewpoint of ease of production and good emulsification stability and flavor during storage of milk beverages.
- the dairy drink of the present invention is produced using the dairy product as described above, and the solid content derived from the dairy product in the dairy drink is usually 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0. 0.05% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, usually 15.0% by weight or less, preferably 13.0% by weight or less, more preferably 10.0% by weight or less, most preferably 9. 0% by weight or less.
- the solid content derived from the dairy product in the milk beverage is usually 0.01% by weight or more, preferably 0. 0.05% by weight or more, more preferably 0.1% by weight or more, usually 15.0% by weight or less, preferably 13.0% by weight or less, more preferably 10.0% by weight or less, most preferably 9. 0% by weight or less.
- the milk beverage of the present invention comprises a liquid serving as a base for beverages such as water, coffee extract, tea extract, milk component, vegetable oil and / or emulsified composition thereof, and the emulsion composition for food and drink of the present invention. It is preferable to manufacture by mixing the product.
- the liquid serving as the base of the beverage is preliminarily adjusted with a pH adjustor such as sodium bicarbonate, sweetener, emulsifier, and thickening stable.
- a pH adjustor such as sodium bicarbonate, sweetener, emulsifier, and thickening stable.
- Additives such as agents, animal and / or vegetable proteins, antioxidants, perfumes and enzymes may be added. These additives may be added and mixed when the emulsified composition and the liquid serving as the base of the beverage are mixed.
- saccharides such as water and sugar other than the emulsion composition and the liquid used as the base of a drink.
- any emulsifier that can be used in food can be used without any particular limitation.
- fatty acid esters such as sucrose fatty acid ester, polysorbate (polyoxyethylene sorbitan acid ester), glycerin fatty acid ester (monoglyceride, organic acid monoglyceride, polyglycerin fatty acid ester), sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, etc.
- fatty acid esters such as sucrose fatty acid ester, polysorbate (polyoxyethylene sorbitan acid ester), glycerin fatty acid ester (monoglyceride, organic acid monoglyceride, polyglycerin fatty acid ester), sorbitan fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, etc.
- Sodium stearoyl lactate calcium stearoyl lactate, enzymatically decomposed lecithin, lecithin, saponin and the like.
- sucrose fatty acid ester, organic acid monoglyceride, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, and sorbitan fatty acid ester are preferable, and sucrose fatty acid ester, organic acid monoglyceride, and polyglycerin fatty acid ester are more preferable because the emulsion stability of milk beverage is good. preferable.
- the emulsifier for foodstuffs which has an effect with respect to the heat-resistant microbe which is a harmful
- any emulsifier for food having the effect can be used without particular limitation, but sucrose fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, and organic acid monoglyceride include Particularly preferred are sucrose fatty acid esters, polyglycerin fatty acid esters, and organic acid monoglycerides having 14 to 22 carbon atoms in the constituent fatty acids, and sucrose fatty acid esters and polyglycerin fatty acids in which the constituent fatty acids have 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- esters are more preferred, and these are preferred because of their high effectiveness against bacteria.
- the sucrose fatty acid ester and polyglycerin fatty acid ester to be used it is preferable that the monoester content is 50% by weight or more, preferably 60% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more because of high effectiveness against bacteria. It is.
- the polyglycerol fatty acid ester the average degree of polymerization of polyglycerol is preferably 2 to 5, and more preferably 2 to 3 because of its high effectiveness against bacteria.
- the content of the emulsifier in the milk beverage is usually 0.0005% by weight or more, preferably 0.001% by weight or more, usually 1% by weight or less, preferably 0.5% by weight or less.
- content of the emulsifier in milk drinks here means content of the total emulsifier also including the emulsifier contained in the above-mentioned emulsion composition for food-drinks.
- the animal and / or vegetable protein can be used without particular limitation as long as it is an animal and / or vegetable protein that can be used in food.
- animal proteins include casein and its sodium, potassium, calcium, whey and concentrates or purified products thereof, milk-derived proteins such as milk protein concentrates or purified products, and egg-derived proteins.
- vegetable protein include proteins derived from beans such as soybeans and peas. Among these, proteins derived from milk are preferable in terms of good milk flavor, emulsion stability of milk drinks, and suppression of precipitate formation upon heating.
- Casein and its sodium, potassium, calcium More preferred are salts, sodium and potassium salts of casein are more preferred, and potassium salt of casein is most preferred.
- the content of animal and / or vegetable protein in the milk beverage is usually 0.005% by weight or more, preferably 0.01% by weight or more, more preferably 0.02% by weight or more, usually 2.0% by weight. Hereinafter, it is preferably 1.0% by weight or less, more preferably 0.5% by weight or less.
- the animal and / or vegetable protein content of the milk beverage includes the emulsion composition when animal and / or vegetable protein is contained in the above-mentioned emulsion composition for food and drink. The total animal and / or vegetable protein content.
- the amount of milk solid content in the milk beverage of the present invention is not particularly limited, but when a richer milk flavor is required, it is usually 5.0% by weight or more, preferably 5.5% by weight or more, more preferably 6.0% by weight or more, most preferably 6.5% by weight or more, usually 15.0% by weight or less, preferably 13.0% by weight or less, more preferably 10.0% by weight or less, most preferably 9% or less. 0.0% by weight or less.
- the product is preferable because a stable and rich milk flavor can be obtained.
- the pH of the milk beverage can be adjusted by adding the above-mentioned additives such as baking soda.
- additives such as baking soda.
- These additives may be added in advance to the liquid, water, coffee extract, black tea extract, dairy component, vegetable oil and / or emulsified composition thereof, etc., which is the base of the beverage. It may be added after the composition of the milk beverage has been determined.
- the milk beverage of the present invention is obtained by, for example, performing a homogenization process using a homogenizer or the like after adding and mixing the liquid serving as the base of the beverage, the above-mentioned emulsion composition for food and drink, the above-mentioned additives and water, and the like. Although it can be manufactured, it can also be manufactured without homogenization for improving manufacturing efficiency and reducing capital investment.
- the homogenization treatment it is usually performed under a heating condition of 40 to 80 ° C., and the emulsification step using the homogenizer is usually performed at a high pressure of 5 MPa or more, preferably 10 MPa or more, usually 200 MPa or less, preferably 100 MPa or less. Is done.
- the necessary bactericidal strength F 0 value is usually 5 or more, preferably 10 or more as a countermeasure against deterioration due to bacteria.
- milk beverage of the present invention examples include low-acid beverages such as coffee beverages, tea beverages, cocoa beverages, and fruit milk beverages, and acidic milk beverages.
- SE1 sucrose fatty acid ester
- Ryoto (registered trademark) sugar ester S-1670 manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Foods, Inc.
- water is added to adjust the total amount to 100% by weight, homogenized twice at 65 ° C. and 20 MPa with a high-pressure homogenizer, filled into a container, sterilized at 90 ° C. for 15 minutes, and emulsified composition for food and drink Got.
- Emulsion compositions for food and drink were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that the compositions shown in Table 1 were used. All of the cream cheeses are non-fermented cream cheeses, and the other ingredients are as follows.
- the liquid was heated to 65 ° C., homogenized with a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 20 MPa, filled into a can, and sterilized by retort at 121 ° C. for 30 minutes to prepare a milk beverage (canned milk coffee). .
- the pH of the sterilized beverage was 5.7 to 5.8.
- the resulting canned milk coffee was stored at 5 ° C. for 1 day, at 60 ° C. for 4 weeks, and stored at 35 ° C. for 8 weeks, and then opened to give emulsification stability, flavor (preferred milk flavor), and taste. ⁇ Odors (unpleasant taste and odor caused by dairy products and emulsifiers) were evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.
- Examples 2-2 to 2-19, Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-5> A milk beverage was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the emulsion compositions for food and drink obtained in Examples 1-2 to 1-19 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-5 were used. The evaluation results are shown in Table 3.
- Flavor The stored canned milk coffee was drunk at room temperature by three tasting persons, and the flavor was determined according to the following criteria.
- Double-circle There is no nasty taste and nasty smell, and it is a flavored milk flavor.
- ⁇ The milk flavor is slightly unbalanced or watery, but there is no sense of incongruity.
- ⁇ The milk flavor clearly feels strange, or the flavor is weak and watery.
- X There is a strong sense of incongruity as a milk flavor, or a milk flavor is not felt. 3.
- Odor / Odor (taste, odor and deteriorated odor such as emulsifier, vegetable oil) After storage, the canned milk coffee was drunk by three tasting people at room temperature, and the taste and odor were judged according to the following criteria.
- ⁇ Strong emulsifier / vegetable oil-like taste / odor, deteriorated odor, uncomfortable. 4).
- Example 2-20> The pH was adjusted by adding 1.4 g of baking soda previously dissolved in hot water to 550 g of a coffee extract (Brix2.9) that had been subjected to a polysaccharide-reducing treatment with a mannan degrading enzyme in advance, and then 50.0 g of sugar, Example 1-1 85 g of the emulsified composition for food and drink obtained in step 45, skim milk powder (manufactured by Hokkaido Dairy Co., Ltd.) 45 g, potassium casein 3.0 g and water were added and mixed and dissolved, and water was added to make the total amount 1000 g (milk solids) (Amount: 7.3% by weight).
- the liquid was heated to 65 ° C., homogenized with a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 20 MPa, filled into a can, and sterilized by retort at 121 ° C. for 30 minutes to prepare a milk beverage (canned milk coffee). .
- the pH of the sterilized beverage was 6.4.
- the resulting canned milk coffee maintains good emulsification stability even after sterilization, has no agglomerates and precipitates, and has no off-flavors such as cheese-like odor. Had.
- Example 2-21 A milk beverage (canned milk coffee) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-17, except that instead of homogenization at a pressure of 20 MPa using a high-pressure homogenizer, the mixture was heated to 65 ° C. and then stirred and mixed in a paddle mixer. ) was prepared. The pH of the sterilized beverage was 5.8. The resulting canned milk coffee was stored at 5 ° C. for 1 day, stored at 60 ° C. for 4 weeks, and stored at 35 ° C. for 8 weeks, then opened, and evaluated for emulsion stability, flavor, off-flavor and off-flavor. However, it had good emulsion stability and flavor equivalent to those of Example 2-17.
- Example 2-22> To 430 g of coffee extract (Brix 2.9), 1.0 g of sodium bicarbonate previously dissolved in hot water was added to adjust pH, 50.0 g of sugar, and 12 emulsions for food and drink obtained in Example 1-1. 0.0 g, skim milk powder (Hokkaido Dairy Co., Ltd.) 8.2 g and water were added in an appropriate amount and mixed and dissolved, and water was added to make the total amount 1000 g. The liquid was heated to 65 ° C., homogenized with a high-pressure homogenizer at a pressure of 20 MPa, filled into a can container, sterilized at 121 ° C. for 30 minutes to prepare a milk beverage (canned milk coffee). .
- the pH of the sterilized beverage was 6.3.
- the obtained canned milk coffee was stored at 5 ° C. for 1 day and at 60 ° C. for 4 weeks, and after stored at 35 ° C. for 8 weeks, the can was opened and evaluated for emulsification stability, flavor, off-flavor and off-flavor. However, it had good emulsion stability and flavor equivalent to those of Example 2-1.
- Example 2-23 A milk beverage (canned milk) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-22 except that instead of Example 1-1, the emulsion composition for food and drink obtained in Example 1-18 was used. Coffee). The pH of the sterilized beverage was 6.3. The obtained canned milk coffee was stored at 5 ° C. for 1 day and at 60 ° C. for 4 weeks, and after stored at 35 ° C. for 8 weeks, the can was opened and evaluated for emulsification stability, flavor, off-flavor and off-flavor. However, it had good emulsion stability and flavor equivalent to those of Example 2-18.
- Example 1 ⁇ Test Example 1> Examples 2-22 and 2-23 were opened under aseptic conditions, and each 2 ml was dispensed into a TDT tube. After inoculation with 10 4 cfu / ml of heat-resistant spore bacteria, Moorella thermoacetica. The tube was sealed. Five TDT tubes were prepared for each test group, and two TDT tubes were prepared for each test group using a non-inoculated group as a blank. These were stored in a 55 ° C. incubator for 6 weeks and examined for deterioration. The presence or absence of deterioration was confirmed by pH reduction and visual observation of the milk coffee liquid after storage. As a result, in Example 2-22, all 5 out of 5 were degraded, whereas in Example 2-23, all 5 were inhibited from degradation.
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Abstract
Description
[1] 全固形分が55重量%以上の乳製品と乳化剤とを含有する飲食品用乳化組成物であって、前記乳化剤が脂肪酸エステル類であり、前記乳製品はMFFB%((水分量)/(全重量-乳脂肪分量)の百分率)が73重量%以上である、飲食品用乳化組成物。
[2] 前記乳製品は、FDB%((乳脂肪分量)/(全重量-水分量)の百分率)が、74重量%以上である、[1]に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
[3] 前記乳製品が、チーズ、乳、全脂乳、濃縮乳、全脂粉乳、クリーム、バター、バターオイル、バターミルク、バターミルクパウダー、バターセーラム、脱脂乳、脱脂濃縮乳、脱脂粉乳、乳タンパク、パーミエイト、乳糖、及び乳清ミネラルから選ばれる1種以上の乳製品である、[1]または[2]に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
[4] 前記乳製品が、全固形分量が68重量%以下である、[1]~[3]のいずれか一項に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
[5] 前記脂肪酸エステル類を2種以上含む、[1]~[4]のいずれか一項に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
[6] 乳飲料用である、[1]~[5]のいずれか一項に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
[7] [1]~[6]のいずれか一項に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物を含む飲食品。
[8] [6]に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物を含む乳飲料。
[9] 乳固形分が5.0重量%以上である、[8]に記載の乳飲料。
[10] [6]に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物と飲料のベースとなる液体とを混合して製造される、乳飲料の製造方法。
[11] 乳製品と乳化剤とを含有する飲食品用乳化組成物の製造方法であって、前記乳化剤として脂肪酸エステル類を用い、前記乳製品としてMFFB%((水分量)/(全重量-乳脂肪分量)の百分率)が73重量%以上の乳製品を用い、前記乳化剤と水とを混合して乳化剤含有分散液を作製し、前記乳化剤含有分散液と前記乳製品とを混合して乳化させる、飲食品用乳化組成物の製造方法。
[12] MFFB%((水分量)/(全重量-乳脂肪分量)の百分率)が73重量%以上である乳製品、及び、脂肪酸エステル類を含有する、乳飲料。
本明細書において“質量%”と“重量%”、及び“質量部”と“重量部”とは、それぞれ同義である。
本発明に用いられる乳製品は全固形分が55重量%以上、より好ましくは60重量%以上であり、好ましくは68重量%以下、より好ましくは66重量%以下、さらに好ましくは65重量%以下、特に好ましくは64重量%以下である。この範囲であることにより、全固形分あたりのコストを抑え、かつ容易に当該乳製品を乳化組成物として加工できる上、飲食品に良好な乳風味を付与することができる。
ここでいう全固形分量とは、乳製品の総重量から、水分量を差し引いた値を意味する。
好ましくは油脂を含む乳成分が風味の面で好適であり、特にフレッシュチーズ等のチーズ、乳、全脂乳、濃縮乳、全脂粉乳、クリーム(生クリーム、ダブルクリーム、クロテッドクリーム等)、バター、バターオイル、バターミルク、バターミルクパウダー、バターセーラムが好ましく、フレッシュチーズ、濃縮乳、全脂粉乳、クリーム(生クリーム、ダブルクリーム、クロテッドクリーム等)、バター、バターオイルがより好ましい。本発明においては、これら乳製品は、1種を単独で用いても、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
また、本発明では、特に、乳製品が、全固形分に含まれる無脂乳固形分よりも乳脂肪分量が多い乳製品であることが好ましい。乳脂肪分と無脂乳固形分との重量比は、乳脂肪分を1とした場合、無脂乳固形分が通常0.35以下、好ましくは0.25以下、さらに好ましくは0.24以下、最も好ましくは0.23以下であり、通常0.15であることが、飲食品における風味が良好であるため好適である。
全固形分に含まれる無脂乳固形分よりも乳脂肪分量が多い乳製品として具体的には、フレッシュチーズ、クリーム、バター、バターオイルなどが挙げられる。
なお、ここでいう乳脂肪分とは、乳製品中に含まれる動物の乳に由来する脂肪分を意味する。
MFFB%(Percentage moisture on a fat-ferr basis)は、本来はFAO、WHOチーズ一般国際規格1978に定めるチーズの硬度を表す値である。乳製品のMFFB%は、73重量%以上であればよく、74重量%以上が好ましく、76重量%以上がより好ましく、また、97重量%以下が好ましく、95重量%以下がより好ましく、92重量%以下であることがさらに好ましい。この範囲であることにより、飲食品における風味が良好となる。
なお、FDB%は、(乳脂肪分量)/(全重量-水分量)(=乳脂肪分量/全固形分量)により求めた値の百分率であり、本来はFAO、WHOチーズ一般国際規格1978に定めるチーズの脂肪含量の分類ための値である。
また、本発明の飲食品用乳化組成物中における、脂肪分の含有量は、通常5重量%以上、好ましくは10重量%以上、より好ましくは15重量%以上、さらに好ましくは20重量%以上、最も好ましくは25重量%以上、通常80重量%以下、好ましくは70重量%以下、より好ましくは60重量%以下、最も好ましくは50重量%以下である。この範囲であることにより、製造が容易で安定性が高く、コスト的に最適である、良好な乳風味の乳化組成物を作ることが可能である。
本発明におけるフレッシュチーズとは、ナチュラルチーズの1種であり、熟成工程をとらない非熟成型のチーズである。
フレッシュチーズには、発酵型と、非発酵型の分類があるが、本発明に用いるフレッシュチーズは、非発酵型であることが、マイルドで軽い風味を得ることができるという理由から好ましい。なお、非発酵型とは、乳、バターミルク、もしくは生クリームを、乳酸菌で発酵させることなく、凝固作用を含む製造技術を用いて製造したものであって、乳酸菌で発酵させたものと同様の化学的、物理的および官能的特性を有するものである。
全固形分量とは、フレッシュチーズの総重量から、水分量を差し引いた値を意味する。
次に、本発明に用いる乳化剤について説明する。
乳化剤としては、脂肪酸エステル類を用い、食品に使用可能なものであれば特に制限はなく使用することができる。
例示するならば、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ポリソルベート(ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル)、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル(モノグリセリド、有機酸モノグリセリド、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル)、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル、ステアロイル乳酸塩(ステアロイル乳酸ナトリウム、ステアロイル乳酸カルシウム)、酵素分解レシチン、レシチンなどの脂肪酸エステル類;サポニンなどが挙げられる。これらは1種を単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
脂肪酸エステル類の中では、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、有機酸モノグリセリド、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステルが好ましく、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、有機酸モノグリセリド、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルが、乳化組成物およびそれを用いた乳飲料中の乳化安定性がよいため更に好ましい。特に飲食品用乳化組成物に、脂肪酸エステル類を2種以上含有させることが好ましい。
さらに良好な乳化安定性とより牛乳に近い乳風味が得られるため、有機酸モノグリセリドと他の乳化剤を組み合わせて用いることが好ましく、他の乳化剤としては、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルまたはポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルが好ましく、他の乳化剤として、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルとポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの両方を用いてもよい。また、該ショ糖脂肪酸エステルまたはポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルはHLBが11以上であることが好ましく、12以上であることがより好ましく、HLB13以上であることが最も好ましい。
使用するショ糖脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとしては、モノエステル含量が通常50重量%以上、好ましくは60重量%以上、さらに好ましくは70重量%以上であることが、菌に対する有効性が高いため好適である。ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルとしては、ポリグリセリンの平均重合度が2~5であることが好ましく、さらに2~3であることがより好ましく、3であることが、菌に対する有効性が高いため最も好ましい。
飲食品用乳化組成物中の固形分の含有量は、通常10重量%以上、好ましくは20重量%以上、より好ましくは30重量%以上が好ましく、90重量%以下が好ましく、80重量%以下がより好ましく、75重量%以下がさらに好ましく、50重量%以下が特に好ましく、40重量%以下が最も好ましい。乳化組成物中の固形分の含有量が、上記下限を下回ると、乳風味が弱くなり乳固形分あたりのコストが高くなる傾向があり、上記上限を上回ると、水分が少なすぎて安定性が低下する結果、製造が困難になる傾向がある。
本発明の飲食品用乳化組成物中における、乳製品に対する乳化剤の含有比率(重量基準)は、乳製品を1としたときに、乳化剤は1以下が好ましく、0.5以下がより好ましく、0.3以下がさらに好ましく、0.1以下が特に好ましい。
本発明の飲食品用乳化組成物は上記特定の材料を含有すればよく、その製造方法は特定されるものではないが、好ましくは、前記脂肪酸エステル類と水とを混合して乳化剤含有分散液を作製し、前記乳製品としてMFFB%が73重量%以上の乳製品を用い、該乳化剤含有分散液と該乳製品とを混合し、さらに好ましくはこれを乳化させて製造する。
尚、本発明の飲食品用乳化組成物は乳化物の状態であってもよく、乳化される前の状態であってもよい。
具体的には、前記脂肪酸エステル類と水とを混合して、乳化剤含有分散液を製造する。この際、脂肪酸エステル類の濃度は、0.01重量%以上が好ましく、0.1重量%以上がより好ましく、40重量%以下が好ましく、30重量%以下がより好ましく、20重量%以下が最も好ましい。この分散液に乳製品を添加して、ホモミキサーやホモジナイザーを用いて撹拌することにより乳化させ、本発明の飲食品用乳化組成物を得る。使用する乳化剤含有分散液や乳製品の温度は通常40~80℃程度である。
本発明の飲食品用乳化組成物は、パンや麺などの小麦粉加工品、ファットスプレッドやフラワーペーストなどの油脂加工品、カレー、スープ、パスタソース、シチュー、デミグラスソース、ホワイトソース、トマトソース等の各種ソース・スープ類、中華食品の素、どんぶりの素等などのレトルト食品や複合調味料、加工乳、ヨーグルト類、乳酸菌飲料、チーズ、アイスクリーム類、調整粉乳、クリーム類、乳飲料等の乳加工品、キャラメル、キャンディ、チューインガム、チョコレート、クッキー・ビスケット、ケーキ、パイ、スナック、クラッカー、和菓子、米菓子、豆菓子、ゼリー、プリン等の菓子・デザート、ハンバーグ、ミートボール、味付け畜肉缶詰等の畜産加工品、冷凍食品、冷蔵食品、パック入りや店頭販売用惣菜等の調理済み・半調理済み食品の他、即席麺、カップ麺、即席スープ・シチュー類等の即席食品、栄養強化食品、流動食、高カロリー食などの飲食品に用いることができ、特に乳飲料用として用いられることが好ましい。
以下、本発明の乳飲料について説明するが、本発明の乳飲料は、本発明の飲食品用乳化組成物を含む、または飲食品用乳化組成物が添加された乳飲料であり、MFFB%が73重量%以上である乳製品、及び、脂肪酸エステル類を含有する。
また、乳飲料を製造するに際し、乳化組成物と飲料のベースとなる液体の他、水、砂糖などの糖類などを添加してもよい。
なお、ここで、乳飲料中の乳化剤の含有量とは、前述の飲食品用乳化組成物中に含まれる乳化剤をも含む合計の乳化剤の含有量をいう。
これらの中では、良好な乳風味である点と、乳飲料の乳化安定性および加熱時の沈殿生成を抑制するという点で、乳由来の蛋白質が好ましく、カゼインおよびそのナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、カルシウム塩がさらに好ましく、カゼインのナトリウム塩、カリウム塩がより好ましく、カゼインのカリウム塩が最も好ましい。乳飲料における動物性および/または植物性の蛋白質の含有量は、通常0.005重量%以上、好ましくは0.01重量%以上、より好ましくは0.02重量%以上、通常2.0重量%以下、好ましくは1.0重量%以下、より好ましくは0.5重量%以下である。
なお、乳飲料の動物性および/または植物性の蛋白質の含有量とは、前述の飲食品用乳化組成物中に動物性および/または植物性の蛋白質を含む場合、その乳化組成物をも含む合計の動物性および/または植物性の蛋白質の含有量をいう。
均質化処理をする場合は、通常40~80℃の加温条件下で行われ、ホモジナイザーを用いた乳化工程は、通常5MPa以上、好ましくは10MPa以上、通常200MPa以下、好ましくは100MPa以下の高圧条件で行なわれる。
予め、カゼインナトリウム1.2重量%、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(SE1、脂肪酸の炭素数=16および18、モノエステル含量=77重量%、リョートー(登録商標)シュガーエステルS-1670、三菱化学フーズ社製、HLB16)1.3重量%、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル(PO1、リョートー(登録商標)ポリグリエステルS-10D、三菱化学フーズ社製)0.3重量%及びコハク酸モノグリセリド(MG、脂肪酸の炭素数=16および18)0.2重量%を分散させた水相300gを65℃に加熱した後、乳と生クリームを原料とする非発酵型のクリームチーズA(全固形分量:61重量%、乳脂肪分含有量:51重量%、MFFB%:80重量%、FDB%:84重量%)60重量%を投入し、ホモミキサーを用い、回転数8000rpmで5分間予備乳化した。更に水を加えて全量を100重量%に調整し、高圧ホモジナイザーで65℃、20MPaにて2回均質化後、容器に充填し、90℃で15分間殺菌処理して、飲食品用乳化組成物を得た。
それぞれ、表1に示す組成とした他は、実施例1-1と同様にして飲食品用乳化組成物を得た。クリームチーズはいずれも非発酵型のクリームチーズであり、その他の各材料は以下のとおりである。
(脂肪酸エステル類)
SE1:ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(リョートー(登録商標)シュガーエステルS-1670、三菱化学フーズ社製、HLB16、脂肪酸の炭素数=16および18、モノエステル含量=77重量%)
SE2:ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(リョートー(登録商標)シュガーエステルP-1670、三菱化学フーズ社製、HLB16、脂肪酸の炭素数=16および18、モノエステル含量=79重量%)
SE3:ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(リョートー(登録商標)シュガーエステルS-1170、三菱化学フーズ社製、HLB11、脂肪酸の炭素数=16および18、モノエステル含量=55重量%)
SE4:ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(リョートー(登録商標)シュガーエステルS-570、三菱化学フーズ社製、HLB5、脂肪酸の炭素数=16および18、モノエステル含量=30重量%)
(クリームチーズ)
クリームチーズA:全固形分量:61重量%、乳脂肪分含有量:51重量%、MFFB%:80重量%、FDB%:84重量%
クリームチーズB:全固形分量:65.5重量%、乳脂肪分含有量:53重量%、MFFB%:73重量%、FDB%:81重量%
クリームチーズC:全固形分量:69重量%、乳脂肪分含有量:54重量%、MFFB%:67重量%、FDB%:78重量%
クリームチーズD:全固形分量:66重量%、乳脂肪分含有量:52重量%、MFFB%:71重量%、FDB%:79重量%
(調整食用油脂)
調整食用油脂A:全固形分:84.5%、乳脂肪分:57%、植物油脂:26%(脂肪分中に含まれるトリグリセリド分子に結合している全脂肪酸に占める、炭素数が14以下の脂肪酸の割合:78%)
調整食用油脂B:全固形分:100%、乳脂肪分:68%、植物油脂:32%(脂肪分中に含まれるトリグリセリド分子に結合している全脂肪酸に占める、炭素数が14以下の脂肪酸の割合:78%)
得られた飲食品用乳化組成物を5℃にて4週間保存後の層分離の状態および、流動性について、以下の基準で評価した。結果を表2に示す。
1.層分離の状態
容器底部からの容器中の乳化組成物の液面までの高さを1としたときの、下部の透明な離水層の高さの割合を100分率で示した際、
○: 層分離が5%未満である。
△: 層分離が5%以上、10%以下である。
×: 層分離が10%を超えている。
2.流動性
容器を転倒させた際の、乳化組成物の流動性が、
○: 粘性が低い、またはやや粘性があるが、速やかに流動する。
△: 粘性が高く、やや流動性が悪い。
×: 完全に固化しており、流動しない。
コーヒー抽出液(Brix2.9)60重量%に、予め熱水で溶解した重曹0.10重量%を加えてpH調整後、砂糖5.0重量%、実施例1-1で得られた飲食品用乳化組成物1.20重量%、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル(リョートー(登録商標)シュガーエステルP-1670、三菱化学フーズ社製)(脂肪酸の炭素数=16、モノエステル含量=79重量%)0.03重量%及び水を適量加えて混合溶解させ、さらに水を加え全量を100重量%とした。
本液を65℃に昇温し、高圧ホモジナイザーにて20MPaの圧力で均質化後、缶容器に充填し、121℃で30分間のレトルト殺菌を行い、乳飲料(缶入りミルクコーヒー)を調製した。殺菌後の飲料のpHは5.7~5.8であった。
得られた缶入りミルクコーヒーを、それぞれ、5℃で1日、60℃で4週間保存、ならびに35℃で8週間保存した後に開缶し、乳化安定性と風香味(好ましい乳風味)、異味・異臭(乳製品や乳化剤などに起因する嫌な味や臭い)について、以下の評価基準で評価した。評価結果を表3に示す。
実施例1-2~1-19、比較例1-1~1-5で得られた飲食品用乳化組成物を使用した以外は、実施例2-1と同様にして乳飲料を得た。評価結果を表3に示す。
保存後の缶入りミルクコーヒーを開缶後、缶内の液面の状態、および、内容液をプラスチックカップに注ぎ、よく撹拌した後の液面の状態を、目視観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
◎: オイルオフ、クリーム分離がない。
○: オイルオフやクリーム分離がわずかに認められる。
△: オイルオフやクリーム分離がはっきりと認められる。
×: オイルオフやクリーム分離が多量に認められ、乳化が破壊されている。
保存後の缶入りミルクコーヒーを室温にて試飲者3名で飲用し、以下の基準で風香味を判定した。
◎: 異味・異臭がなく、香料な乳風味である。
○: 乳風味としてややバランスが悪い、もしくは水っぽいが、違和感はない。
△: 乳風味として明らかに違和感を感じる、もしくは風味が弱く水っぽい。
×: 乳風味として強い違和感がある、もしくは乳風味を感じない。
3.異味・異臭(乳化剤・植物油脂のような味・臭いおよび劣化臭)
保存後の缶入りミルクコーヒーを室温にて試飲者3名で飲用し、以下の基準で異味・異臭を判定した。
◎: 違和感のある味・臭いを感じない。
○: 弱く乳化剤・植物油脂様の味・臭い、劣化臭を感じるが、違和感はない。
△: 明らかに乳化剤・植物油脂様の味・臭い、劣化臭を感じる。
×: 強く乳化剤・植物油脂様の味・臭い、劣化臭を感じ、違和感がある。
4.総合評価スコア
乳化安定性の指標として、表2に示した飲食品用乳化組成物の安定性評価結果および表3に示した乳飲料の乳化安定性の評価結果について、◎を5点、○を4点、△を2点、×を0点として点数に換算し、乳化安定性スコアとした。
また、風味の良好さの指標として、表3に示した乳飲料の風香味と異味・異臭の評価結果について、◎を5点、○を4点、△を2点、×を0点として点数に換算し、風味スコアとした。
乳化安定性スコアと風味スコアの合計を総合評価スコアとした。
予めマンナン分解酵素で多糖類低分子化処理したコーヒー抽出液(Brix2.9)550gに、予め熱水で溶解した重曹1.4gを加えてpH調整後、砂糖50.0g、実施例1-1で得られた飲食品用乳化組成物を85g、脱脂粉乳(北海道乳業社製)45g、カゼインカリウム3.0g及び水を適量加えて混合溶解させ、さらに水を加え全量を1000gとした(乳固形分量:7.3重量%)。
本液を65℃に昇温し、高圧ホモジナイザーにて20MPaの圧力で均質化後、缶容器に充填し、121℃で30分間のレトルト殺菌を行い、乳飲料(缶入りミルクコーヒー)を調製した。殺菌後の飲料のpHは6.4であった。
得られた缶入りミルクコーヒーは、殺菌後も良好な乳化安定性を保っており、凝集物、沈殿物などもなく、また、チーズ様の臭いなどの異味異臭がない、濃厚で良好な乳風味を有していた。
高圧ホモジナイザーによる20MPaの圧力で均質化するのに代えて、65℃に昇温後、パドルミキサーでの撹拌、混合する以外は、実施例2-17と同様にして、乳飲料(缶入りミルクコーヒー)を調製した。殺菌後の飲料のpHは5.8であった。
得られた缶入りミルクコーヒーを、それぞれ、5℃で1日、60℃で4週間保存、ならびに35℃で8週間保存した後に開缶し、乳化安定性と風香味、異味・異臭について評価したが、実施例2-17と同等の良好な乳化安定性、風香味を有していた。
コーヒー抽出液(Brix2.9)430gに、予め熱水で溶解した重曹1.0gを加えてpH調整後、砂糖50.0g、実施例1-1で得られた飲食品用乳化組成物を12.0g、脱脂粉乳(北海道乳業社製)8.2g及び水を適量加えて混合溶解させ、さらに水を加え全量を1000gとした。
本液を65℃に昇温し、高圧ホモジナイザーにて20MPaの圧力で均質化後、缶容器に充填し、121℃で30分間のレトルト殺菌を行い、乳飲料(缶入りミルクコーヒー)を調製した。殺菌後の飲料のpHは6.3であった。
得られた缶入りミルクコーヒーを、それぞれ、5℃で1日、および60℃で4週間保存、ならびに35℃で8週間保存した後に開缶し乳化安定性と風香味、異味・異臭について評価したが、実施例2-1と同等の良好な乳化安定性、風香味を有していた。
実施例1-1に代えて、実施例1-18で得られた飲食品用乳化組成物としてを用いた以外は、実施例2-22と同様の操作を行って、乳飲料(缶入りミルクコーヒー)を調製した。殺菌後の飲料のpHは6.3であった。
得られた缶入りミルクコーヒーを、それぞれ、5℃で1日、および60℃で4週間保存、ならびに35℃で8週間保存した後に開缶し乳化安定性と風香味、異味・異臭について評価したが、実施例2-18と同等の良好な乳化安定性、風香味を有していた。
実施例2-22および実施例2-23を、無菌環境下で開缶し、それぞれTDTチューブに2mlずつ分注した後、これらに耐熱性芽胞菌であるMoorella thermoaceticaを104cfu/ml接種後、チューブを溶封した。TDTチューブは、各試験区につき5本ずつ調製し、菌無接種区をブランクとして各試験区につき2本ずつ準備した。これらを55℃の恒温器にて6週間保存し、変敗の有無を検査した。変敗の有無は保存後のミルクコーヒー液のpH低下および目視により確認した。その結果、実施例2-22は5本中5本全て変敗していたのに対し、実施例2-23は5本全て変敗を抑制していた。
Claims (12)
- 全固形分が55重量%以上の乳製品と乳化剤とを含有する飲食品用乳化組成物であって、
前記乳化剤が脂肪酸エステル類であり、
前記乳製品はMFFB%((水分量)/(全重量-乳脂肪分量)の百分率)が73重量%以上である、
飲食品用乳化組成物。 - 前記乳製品は、FDB%((乳脂肪分量)/(全重量-水分量)の百分率)が、74重量%以上である、請求項1に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
- 前記乳製品が、チーズ、乳、全脂乳、濃縮乳、全脂粉乳、クリーム、バター、バターオイル、バターミルク、バターミルクパウダー、バターセーラム、脱脂乳、脱脂濃縮乳、脱脂粉乳、乳タンパク、パーミエイト、乳糖、及び乳清ミネラルから選ばれる1種以上の乳製品である、請求項1または2に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
- 前記乳製品は、全固形分量が68重量%以下である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
- 前記脂肪酸エステル類を2種以上含む、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
- 乳飲料用である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物。
- 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物を含む飲食品。
- 請求項6に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物を含む乳飲料。
- 乳固形分が5.0重量%以上である、請求項8に記載の乳飲料。
- 請求項6に記載の飲食品用乳化組成物と飲料のベースとなる液体とを混合して製造される、乳飲料の製造方法。
- 乳製品と乳化剤とを含有する飲食品用乳化組成物の製造方法であって、
前記乳化剤として脂肪酸エステル類を用い、
前記乳製品としてMFFB%((水分量)/(全重量-乳脂肪分量)の百分率)が73重量%以上の乳製品を用い、
前記乳化剤と水とを混合して乳化剤含有分散液を作製し、
前記乳化剤含有分散液と前記乳製品とを混合して乳化させる、飲食品用乳化組成物の製造方法。 - MFFB%((水分量)/(全重量-乳脂肪分量)の百分率)が73重量%以上である乳製品、及び、脂肪酸エステル類を含有する、乳飲料。
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