WO2014132452A1 - Système d'alimentation électrique - Google Patents

Système d'alimentation électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014132452A1
WO2014132452A1 PCT/JP2013/055753 JP2013055753W WO2014132452A1 WO 2014132452 A1 WO2014132452 A1 WO 2014132452A1 JP 2013055753 W JP2013055753 W JP 2013055753W WO 2014132452 A1 WO2014132452 A1 WO 2014132452A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power supply
power
battery
voltage
converter
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Application number
PCT/JP2013/055753
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
三野　和明
山田　隆二
藤田　悟
Original Assignee
富士電機株式会社
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Application filed by 富士電機株式会社 filed Critical 富士電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2013/055753 priority Critical patent/WO2014132452A1/fr
Priority to JP2015502700A priority patent/JP6070819B2/ja
Publication of WO2014132452A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014132452A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
    • H02J1/102—Parallel operation of dc sources being switching converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply system installed in, for example, a data center.
  • the power supply system can improve the efficiency of a power supply system for a plurality of servers (load devices) constituting a multi-node server and can be constructed in a small space. About the system.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional general power supply system in a data center including a plurality of load devices using a DC voltage as a driving power source, for example, a plurality of servers.
  • This power supply system includes an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) 1 interposed in a 400V system power supply and high-voltage AC power (AC400V) fed via the uninterruptible power supply 1, for example, 200V or And an AC power supply distributor (PDU) 2 for converting into 100V AC power.
  • UPS uninterruptible power supply
  • AC400V high-voltage AC power
  • PDU AC power supply distributor
  • the uninterruptible power supply 1 basically includes a large capacity battery (BAT) 1a capable of storing DC power.
  • the uninterruptible power supply 1 includes an AC / DC converter 1b that converts the high-voltage AC power into a DC voltage to charge the battery 1a, an output voltage of the AC / DC converter 1b, or the battery 1a. And a DC / AC converter 1c that converts the DC power stored in the battery into high-voltage AC power and outputs it.
  • the power distribution unit 2 includes a circuit breaker 2a that separates, for example, the system power supply and the load facility side including the load device (server).
  • the AC power supply distributor 2 further includes a transformer 2b that converts the high-voltage AC power (AC 400V) into, for example, 200V AC power and outputs it.
  • reference numeral 3 denotes a transformer which converts, for example, 6.6 kV transmission AC power into the high-voltage AC power (AC 400 V) and draws it into the building where the uninterruptible power supply 1 and the like are provided.
  • the load equipment constructed by including a plurality of servers 4 as the load devices is connected to the power supply distributor 2 at the front stage thereof, and is the drive power supply voltage of the server 4 from the AC power (AC200V).
  • a switching power supply 5 that generates low-voltage direct current power (for example, DC12V) of 48V or less is provided.
  • the switching power supply 5 generally includes an AC / DC converter 5a that converts the AC power (AC 200V) into a DC voltage, and a DC output voltage that supplies the output voltage of the AC / DC converter 5a to the server 4. And a DC / DC converter 5b for conversion to (DC12V).
  • the plurality of servers 4 are respectively connected to the switching power supply 5 and are operated by being supplied with the DC output voltage, which is a driving power supply for the server 4, from the switching power supply 5 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • the plurality of servers 4 are generally installed in a server rack by storing a predetermined number of servers 4 so as to form a server group, and the switching power supply 5 is provided corresponding to each server group.
  • the switching power supply 5 is housed in the server rack together with the predetermined number of servers 4.
  • the conventional general power supply system configured as described above has a large number of conversion stages such as the AC / DC converters 1b and 5a and the DC / DC converter 5b described above, and conversion efficiency with respect to power is poor. Therefore, a power supply system in which a DC power supply system as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is constructed has been proposed.
  • the power supply system shown in FIG. 13 directly feeds the high-voltage DC power (DC 400V) obtained from the AC / DC converter 1b of the uninterruptible power supply 1 to the DC power supply distributor 2.
  • the high-voltage direct current power fed via the circuit breaker 2a of the power distributor 2 is input to the switching power source 5 comprising a DC / DC converter 5d, and the switching power source 5 (DC / The DC converter 5d) is configured to generate a DC output voltage (DC 12V) to be fed to each server 4.
  • This type of power supply system is called, for example, a high-voltage DC power supply system (HVCD) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
  • HVCD high-voltage DC power supply system
  • the power supply system shown in FIG. 14 uses high voltage direct current power (DC400V) obtained from the AC / DC converter 1b of the uninterruptible power supply 1 as a DC / DC converter 1d provided in the uninterruptible power supply 1. Then, the power is converted to a low direct current voltage (DC48V) and supplied to the power supply distributor 2 for direct current.
  • DC48V low direct current voltage
  • a DC low voltage fed via the circuit breaker 2a of the power distributor 2 is input to the switching power source 5 comprising a DC / DC converter 5e, and the switching power source 5 (DC / DC conversion)
  • the generator 5e) is configured to generate a DC output voltage (DC 12V) for supplying power to each server 4.
  • This type of power supply system is called, for example, a low-voltage DC power supply system (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).
  • the present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to improve the efficiency of a power supply system for a load device composed of a plurality of servers, for example, and to construct a space-saving construction while suppressing equipment costs. It is to provide a power supply system that can handle the above.
  • the power supply system includes: A power supply unit that inputs AC power and generates a DC output voltage that supplies power to the load device, and is provided in parallel with the power supply unit to store DC power during operation of the power supply unit.
  • a DC output type uninterruptible power supply device comprising a battery unit for discharging and generating the DC output voltage;
  • a power supply system for the load device is constructed by connecting the uninterruptible power supply to a system power supply that supplies the AC power via a power distributor.
  • the system power supply is an AC power supply system that supplies a 400V or 200V high voltage AC power, and the DC output voltage supplied to the load device is 48 V or less, which is the drive power source voltage of the load device.
  • a low voltage for example a DC voltage of 12V.
  • the power supply unit includes an AC / DC converter that converts an AC voltage into a DC voltage, and a DC / DC converter that converts the output voltage of the AC / DC converter into the DC output voltage that supplies power to the load device. It is configured with. Since the AC / DC converter receives the high-voltage AC power and converts it into a DC voltage, it is realized as, for example, a neutral point clamp type three-level converter.
  • the load device operates using a low-voltage DC power source, for example, a DC voltage of 12V as a drive source, and the uninterruptible power supply used as the drive source of the load device is close to the load device.
  • a low-voltage DC power source for example, a DC voltage of 12V
  • the uninterruptible power supply used as the drive source of the load device is close to the load device.
  • the uninterruptible power supply is housed integrally with the load device in a rack that houses a plurality of the load devices.
  • the load device is a plurality of servers constructing a multi-node server, and preferably the uninterruptible power supply devices are distributed in the rack for each server group composed of a plurality of servers. .
  • the power supply unit converts a first AC / DC converter that converts an AC voltage into a DC voltage, and converts an output voltage of the first AC / DC converter into the DC output voltage that supplies power to the load device. And a first DC / DC converter.
  • the battery unit is connected to, for example, a battery capable of storing DC power, and a voltage output terminal of the first AC / DC converter or a voltage output terminal of the second DC / DC converter.
  • a bidirectional DC / DC converter that selectively charges and discharges.
  • the battery unit may be, for example, a battery capable of storing DC power and a second DC / DC for charging the battery by converting the output voltage of the first AC / DC converter, instead of the above configuration.
  • a converter; and a third DC / DC converter configured to convert the DC power stored in the battery into a voltage and generate the DC output voltage for supplying power to the load device.
  • the battery unit includes, for example, a battery capable of storing DC power, a second AC / DC converter that converts the AC voltage into a DC voltage, and charges the battery, instead of the above-described components, and the battery DC power supplied to the third DC / DC converter for generating the DC output voltage for converting the voltage of the DC power stored in the power supply and supplying the load to the load device, or DC for supplying power to the voltage input terminal of the first DC / DC converter And a fourth DC / DC converter for generating a voltage.
  • the battery when the output power of the power supply unit is less than the rated output power, the battery is charged with power equal to or less than the difference between the rated output power and the output power.
  • the battery basically discharges the DC power stored in the battery when the AC power supply is interrupted or when the AC power supply amount is insufficient, whereby the output power of the power supply unit is reduced. Play a supplementary role.
  • the battery unit is operated simultaneously with the power supply unit, and the power supply unit is charged and discharged with a power corresponding to the difference between the required power amount for the power supply unit and the output power at which the efficiency of the power supply unit is maximized. It is desirable to control the operation so as to maximize the efficiency.
  • the required power amount for the power supply unit temporarily exceeds the rated output power of the power supply unit, the direct current output stored in the battery is voltage-converted and supplied to the load device. It is also desirable to control the operation to generate a voltage to supplement the output power of the power supply unit.
  • a management server that manages the plurality of server groups is provided in the power supply system having the above-described configuration.
  • a part of the load on the server group supplied by the uninterruptible power supply including the power supply unit is controlled by another uninterruptible power supply under the control of the management server.
  • the battery unit further includes a converter that converts voltage obtained from a solar power generation device or a wind power generation device and stores the voltage in the battery. Further, the battery unit further converts the DC power stored in the battery into AC power and outputs the AC power to the AC power input terminal side of the uninterruptible power supply, thereby reducing the amount of AC power fed from the system power supply. It is also preferable to provide a DC / AC converter that compensates for the above.
  • the management server when operating the DC / AC converter, the management server weights the discharge amount from each battery unit according to the power capacity stored in each battery unit in the plurality of uninterruptible power supply devices. It is also preferable to provide discharge control means for controlling the amount of power output from each battery unit to the AC power input terminal side of the uninterruptible power supply. Further, when the power consumption of the load device temporarily increases, the uninterruptible power supply device performs power feeding from the battery unit to the load device to level the power consumption in the uninterruptible power supply device. It is also desirable to have a leveling function.
  • the fan control that drives the cooling fan provided in the battery unit together with the cooling fan provided in the power supply unit. It is also useful to have a means. Furthermore, the uninterruptible power supply is caused to execute power feeding from the battery unit to the load device by reducing or reducing the output of the power supply unit to zero. It is also preferable to provide a self-diagnosis function for performing a deterioration diagnosis of the battery based on the discharge characteristics of the battery at that time.
  • the number of conversion stages such as a DC / DC converter from the system power supply to the load device can be reduced, and thus power conversion efficiency can be increased.
  • the power distributor is provided in the AC power feeding system, it is not necessary to block high voltage DC power or DC large current as the circuit breaker, and the size and cost can be easily reduced.
  • there is no need to route high-voltage DC power or DC large current in the server rack there is no need for consideration for reducing loss or heat generation in conductors such as distribution lines, and no special consideration for electric shock.
  • the uninterruptible power supply device composed of the power supply unit and the battery unit for each of a plurality of server groups by utilizing, for example, an empty space of a rack for storing a plurality of servers. Accordingly, it is not necessary to secure a dedicated space for installing the uninterruptible power supply in the data center unlike a conventional power supply system in which a large-capacity uninterruptible power supply is centrally arranged in the system power supply.
  • each of the uninterruptible power supply devices for example, it is possible to operate the battery unit according to the load condition to increase the conversion efficiency of the power supply unit, compensate for a decrease in the AC power amount, etc. In this respect, an effect that cannot be expected from the conventional power supply system can be obtained. Therefore, according to the present invention, the efficiency and space saving of the entire power supply system can be improved, and the equipment cost can be suppressed, resulting in a great practical advantage.
  • the principal part schematic block diagram of the power supply system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.
  • the figure which shows another structural example of the uninterruptible power supply in the power supply system shown in FIG. The figure which shows an example of the mounting form to the server rack of the uninterruptible power supply which concerns on this invention.
  • the principal part schematic block diagram of the power supply system which concerns on another embodiment of this invention.
  • the principal part schematic block diagram of the power supply system which concerns on another embodiment of this invention.
  • the schematic block diagram of the control apparatus mounted in an uninterruptible power supply.
  • the characteristic view which shows an example of the change of the conversion efficiency with respect to the load of a power supply unit.
  • the figure which shows an example of the process sequence of the assist control with respect to a power supply unit.
  • the figure which shows an example of the process sequence of load reduction control with respect to a power supply unit.
  • the power supply system 10 is suitable for supplying a DC voltage of 12 V, which is a drive source of the server 4, to each of a plurality of servers (load devices) 4 provided in a data center and constructing a multi-node server, for example.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a power supply system 10 of this type, and the same parts as those of a conventional power supply system are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the power supply system 10 includes an AC power distribution unit (PDU) 2 connected to a 400 V system power supply, and a server rack that houses a plurality of the servers (load devices) 4 via the power distribution unit 2. 11 is configured to supply the AC power.
  • the power supply system 10 shown in FIG. 1 incorporates a transformer 2b in the power supply distributor 2, converts high voltage AC power (AC400V) fed from the system power supply into 200V AC power, and feeds it to the load side. Configured as follows. Of course, the AC power (AC 400V) may be supplied to the load side via the power distributor 2 as it is.
  • an uninterruptible power supply comprising a power supply unit 12 and a battery unit 13 corresponding to each of a server group comprising a predetermined number of servers 4.
  • a device 14 is provided.
  • the power supply unit 12 supplies the server 4 with the first AC / DC converter 12a that converts the AC power (AC200V / AC400V) into a DC voltage, and the output voltage of the first AC / DC converter 12a.
  • a first DC / DC converter 12b that converts it to a DC output voltage (DC12V).
  • the power supply unit 12 corresponds to the switching power supply 5 shown in FIG. Therefore, the first AC / DC converter 12a and the first DC / DC converter 12b correspond to the AC / DC converter 5a and the DC / DC converter 5b in the switching power supply 5, respectively.
  • the battery unit 13 is provided in parallel to the power supply unit (switching power supply) 12 and stores DC power when the power supply unit 12 is operating, and discharges the stored DC power to generate the DC output voltage. Plays a role in generation. Therefore, the uninterruptible power supply 14 provided with the power supply unit 12 and the battery unit 13 in parallel is different from the uninterruptible power supply 1 described above, and has a direct current function having a power supply function for the server (load device) 4. Build an output uninterruptible power supply.
  • the battery unit 13 in the uninterruptible power supply 14 is connected to, for example, a battery 13a capable of storing DC power and a voltage output terminal of the first DC / DC converter 12b as shown in FIG. And a bidirectional DC / DC converter 13b that selectively charges and discharges the battery 13a.
  • the bidirectional DC / DC converter 13b receives the DC output voltage of 12V described above and charges the battery 13a to store DC power.
  • the bidirectional DC / DC converter 13b generates and outputs the 12V DC output voltage for supplying power to the server (load device) 4 from the DC power stored in the battery 13a.
  • the bidirectional DC / DC converter 13b includes a voltage output terminal of the first AC / DC converter 12a and a voltage of the first DC / DC converter 12b.
  • the battery 13a can be selectively charged and discharged by connecting to a connection point with the input terminal.
  • the bidirectional DC / DC converter 13b receives the DC voltage of, for example, DC12V to 400V output from the first AC / DC converter 12a, charges the battery 13a, and stores DC power. .
  • the bidirectional DC / DC converter 13b generates a DC voltage of DC12V to 400V from the DC power stored in the battery 13a and supplies the DC voltage to the DC / DC converter 12b.
  • the battery unit 13 is converted into a voltage by converting the output voltage of the first AC / DC converter 12a to charge the battery 13a.
  • a third DC / DC converter 13d that converts the DC power stored in the battery 13a into a voltage and generates the DC output voltage (DC12V).
  • the third DC / DC converter 13d feeds the DC output voltage (DC12V) generated from the DC power stored in the battery 13a to the server 4 in parallel with the power supply unit 12. become.
  • the battery unit 13 is charged using the second AC / DC converter 13e that converts the AC voltage (AC200V / AC400V) into a DC voltage as shown in FIG. 2C, for example. It is also possible to configure. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), the battery unit 13 is converted into the first DC / DC by converting the direct-current power stored in the battery 13a using the second AC / DC converter 13e. A configuration including a fourth DC / DC converter 13f that supplies power to the voltage input terminal of the DC converter 12b is also possible.
  • the battery unit 13 is provided in parallel to the power supply unit 12 and is operably provided with the power supply unit 12.
  • “being operable at the same time” not only means that the battery 13a of the battery unit 13 is charged during the operation of the power supply unit 12, but also the battery 13a during the operation of the power supply unit 12 as will be described later. It also means that the DC power stored in is discharged.
  • the first and second AC / DC converters 12a and 13e play a role of converting high voltage AC power (AC 400V) into a predetermined DC voltage (DC 800V), for example, as described above.
  • the semiconductor switching elements for example, MOS-FET, IGBT, etc.
  • the first and second AC / DC converters 12a and 13e are preferably configured using, for example, a neutral-point clamp type three-level power conversion circuit.
  • this type of neutral point clamp type three-level power conversion circuit is introduced in detail in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2012-253981 and 2011-223867.
  • the voltage applied to the semiconductor switching element can be suppressed to about 1 ⁇ 2 of the input voltage. Therefore, the first and second AC / DC converters 12a and 13e can be constructed at low cost by using a relatively inexpensive semiconductor switching element having a breakdown voltage of about 600V and excellent performance.
  • there is an advantage that the loss in the semiconductor switching element can be suppressed and the power conversion efficiency itself can be increased, and the DC / DC converter 12b and the like described above can be compactly configured.
  • the uninterruptible power supply 14 configured as described above is connected to the power distributor 2 as described above, and is provided for each server group including a predetermined number of servers 4. Therefore, the charging capacity required for the uninterruptible power supply 14 can be made smaller than the charging capacity required for the uninterruptible power supply 1 in the conventional power supply system. Further, if a small and large-capacity battery such as a Li-ion battery having a high energy density is employed as the battery 13a, for example, the battery unit 13 having a capacity of about 2.5 kW can be realized in a compact size.
  • the capacity of the battery unit 13 is an amount of power that can back up a group of about four general servers 4 for about five minutes at the time of a power failure of the high-voltage AC power supply (AC400V). Therefore, in comparison with the conventional large-capacity uninterruptible power supply 1 interposed in the system power supply, the uninterruptible power supply 14 as a whole is combined with the power supply unit 12 that can be configured compactly as described above. Can be realized in a compact size that can be stored in the server rack 11. Specifically, the uninterruptible power supply 14 can be realized with a basic storage size of the server rack 11, that is, a so-called 1U size.
  • the 1U size uninterruptible power supply 14 is mounted in the server rack 11 side by side in the vertical direction as illustrated in FIG. 3 together with a plurality of the same 1U size servers 4.
  • the uninterruptible power supply 14 is arranged in the vertical direction as shown in FIG.
  • the server 4 is mounted at the center of the four servers 4.
  • the uninterruptible power supply devices 14 are distributed and arranged for each server group in each server rack 11.
  • Each uninterruptible power supply 14 supplies the DC output voltage (DC12V) to each of the four servers 4 provided adjacent to the upper and lower sides of the uninterruptible power supply 14.
  • the plurality of uninterruptible power supply devices 14 are distributed in a plurality of server racks 11 in association with a plurality of server groups, respectively.
  • the servers 4 arranged close to the uninterruptible power supply 14 in the server rack 11 are also provided. Just do it for it. Therefore, it is possible to secure the minimum necessary wiring length and sufficiently shorten the supply line of the DC output voltage (DC12V) to each server 4 without drawing it in the server rack 11. Therefore, even if a low voltage and large current flows through the supply line of the DC output voltage (DC 12 V), the loss in the supply line can be sufficiently reduced.
  • the wiring length (laying length) of the supply line for the DC output voltage (DC12V) is short, the wiring inductance can be reduced. Therefore, even when the load power in the server 4 changes abruptly, the operation of the uninterruptible power supply 14 can be made to respond at high speed by following the change. As a result, it is possible to minimize fluctuations in the DC output voltage (DC 12 V) supplied to the server 4 and stabilize the DC output voltage (DC 12 V).
  • direct-current power obtained by the solar power generation device 40 is voltage-converted via a fifth DC / DC converter 41 to supply power to the battery 13 a in the battery unit 13.
  • the AC power obtained by the wind power generator 50 is converted to DC power via the third AC / DC converter 51 and then converted to voltage via the sixth DC / DC converter 52.
  • the battery unit 13 is configured to supply power to the battery 13a.
  • the said uninterruptible power supply apparatus so that it may differ clearly from the electric power feeding line from the power distribution device 2 mentioned above to the said server rack 11 14 is preferably configured to supply power directly.
  • a connector (terminal) structure that is connected to the high-voltage AC power supply line on the back surface (rear) side of the uninterruptible power supply 14 is provided.
  • a connection terminal portion for the solar power generation device 40 and the wind power generation device 50 may be provided on the front surface (front surface) side of the uninterruptible power supply 14.
  • the battery 13a With the AC power fed from the system power supply as described above, but also the solar power generator 40 and the wind power generator.
  • DC power in the battery 13a with the power obtained from each of the 50. That is, even if the power supply of the high-voltage AC power (AC400V) from the system power supply is interrupted (even if a power failure occurs), the battery is supplied with the electric power obtained from the solar power generation device 40 and the wind power generation device 50, respectively. 13a can be stored.
  • AC400V high-voltage AC power
  • the DC output voltage that supplies power to the plurality of servers 4 by taking out DC power from the battery 13a and operating the DC / DC converter 13b while storing DC power in the battery 13a. (DC12V) can be generated.
  • the DC output voltage ( DC12V) can be supplied.
  • the battery unit 13 may convert the DC power stored in the battery 13a into an AC voltage and output it to the AC power supply line (AC200V / AC400V).
  • the battery unit 13 may be provided with a DC / AC converter 13g that converts DC power stored in the battery 13a into AC voltage.
  • the second AC / DC converter 13e shown in FIGS. 2C and 2D is configured as a bidirectional type. Of course it is possible. When such a configuration is adopted, it is desirable to charge the battery 13a with electric power obtained from the solar power generation device 40 and the wind power generation device 50 as described above.
  • the uninterruptible power supply 14 configured in this way, as shown in FIG. 5, as the AC power supplied to the power supply unit 12 with the DC power stored in the battery 13a, the uninterruptible power supply 14 Can be used as AC power supplied to another uninterruptible power supply 14 provided in parallel. In other words, a part of the AC power fed from the system power supply via the power distributor 2 can be supplemented with the power energy (DC power) stored in the battery 13a.
  • control device 20 mounted on the uninterruptible power supply 14 and its control function will be described.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of the control device 20.
  • the control device 20 is schematically a main control unit 21 mainly composed of a microprocessor, and a power supply unit control unit for controlling the operation of the power supply unit 12. 22 and a battery unit controller 23 for controlling the operation of the battery unit 13.
  • the control device 20 controls information communication between the power supply unit 12 and the battery unit 13 and further controls each operation of the plurality of uninterruptible power supply devices 14 in association with each other (see FIG. 1).
  • a communication unit 24 that performs information communication with the computer.
  • the management unit 15 is responsible for controlling the entire power supply system as an upper control device for the uninterruptible power supply devices 14.
  • the control device 20 includes sensing means 25 for collecting information necessary for controlling the operations of the power supply unit 12 and the battery unit 13 in the uninterruptible power supply 14.
  • the sensing means 25 includes an input voltage detection unit 25a that detects an input voltage of the AC power supply (AC200V / AC400V) fed to the power supply unit 12, and the DC output voltage generated by the power supply unit 12 ( The output voltage detection part 25b which detects DC12V) is included.
  • the sensing unit 25 includes a load current detection unit 25c that detects a load current supplied from the power supply unit 12 to the server 4.
  • the overload detector 25d that receives the output of the load current detector 25c determines whether or not the power supply unit 12 is in an overload state according to the amount of load current detected by the load current detector 25c. Furthermore, it plays a role of monitoring the operating state (operating efficiency) of the power supply unit 12.
  • the sensing means 25 includes a temperature detection unit 25e that detects the operating temperature (ambient temperature) of the uninterruptible power supply 14. Furthermore, the sensing means 25 includes a charge / discharge current detector 25f that detects a charge / discharge current of the battery 13a in the battery unit 13. Information on the charge / discharge current of the battery 13a detected by the charge / discharge current detection unit 25f is given to the battery capacity detection unit 25g, and the DC power amount (charge capacity) stored in the battery 13a is obtained.
  • the main control unit 21 gives a command to the power supply unit control unit 22 according to the various information collected through the sensing means 25, thereby controlling the operation of the power supply unit 12.
  • the main control unit 21 gives a command to the battery unit control unit 23 in parallel with the operation control for the power supply unit 12, thereby controlling the operation of the battery unit 13.
  • the operation control for each of the power supply unit 12 and the battery unit 13 is executed based on a backup control program 21a and a conversion efficiency control program 21b incorporated in the main control unit 21.
  • the main control unit 21 includes an overload control program 21c, a power failure control program 21d, a leveling control program 21e, a battery deterioration diagnosis program 21f, etc. Is provided.
  • the main control unit 21 basically controls the operation of the power supply unit 12 via the power supply unit control unit 22, thereby generating the DC output voltage (DC12V) to be supplied to each of the plurality of servers 4. To play a role. At the same time, the main control unit 21 controls the operation of the battery unit 13 via the battery unit control unit 23 and stores DC power in the battery 13a. Further, when the input voltage detection unit 25a detects that the input of the power supply unit 12a is interrupted, the main control unit 21 controls the operation of the battery unit 13 to replace the power supply unit control unit 22. The battery unit 13 plays a role of outputting the DC output voltage (DC12V).
  • the power supply unit 12 can supply power only for a short time of, for example, about several tens of ms by a power storage element such as a capacitor built in the power supply unit 12. Accordingly, by raising the output of the battery unit 13 during this period, it is possible to switch the power supply without substantially reducing the DC output voltage (DC12V). At this time, for example, it is also useful to perform control such as decreasing the output current of the power supply unit 12 in a ramp and increasing the output current of the battery unit 13 by a corresponding amount. If such output current control is used in combination, it is possible to minimize the fluctuation of the DC output voltage (DC 12 V) accompanying the switching of the power supply.
  • DC 12V DC output voltage
  • the state of charge (charge capacity) of the battery 1a is exclusively used. ) Is monitored and the charge (storage) is controlled. The battery 1a is charged with power energy (DC power) having a predetermined capacity.
  • This power storage control is executed in the uninterruptible power supply 1 independently of the state on the load facility side including the switching power supply 5.
  • the storage control (charging control) of the battery 13a in the uninterruptible power supply 14 in the power supply system 10 is executed under the backup control program 21a, for example, according to the procedure shown in FIG. That is, in this charging control, first, according to the load current amount detected by the load current detection unit 25c, whether or not the operating state (output current) of the power supply unit 12 is equal to or lower than the rated current of the power supply unit 12 or not. ⁇ Steps S1, S2>. If the amount of output current of the power supply unit 12 is less than or equal to the rated current, it is next determined whether or not the state of charge (charge capacity) of the battery 13a is fully charged ⁇ step S3>.
  • the difference between the rated current of the power supply unit 12 and the output current amount of the power supply unit 12 is calculated as the surplus current amount that the power supply unit 12 can further output, that is, the surplus It calculates as electric energy ⁇ step S4>.
  • the surplus power is used to charge the battery 13a ⁇ step S5>, and DC power is stored in the battery 13a.
  • the battery 13a is charged until the battery 13a is fully charged. This charging control is particularly effective when electric power energy cannot be obtained from the solar power generation device 40 or the wind power generation device 50 described above.
  • the control device 20 has a function of controlling the charging / discharging of the battery 13a under the conversion efficiency control program 21b, thereby increasing the conversion efficiency of the power supply unit 12. .
  • This conversion efficiency control is executed, for example, according to the procedure shown in FIG. That is, this conversion efficiency control is started by obtaining a ratio (load ratio) with respect to the maximum load of the power supply unit 12 in accordance with the load current amount detected by the load current detector 25c ⁇ Steps S11 and S12. >.
  • the power conversion efficiency (power efficiency ⁇ ) of the power supply unit 12 depends on factors such as a loss accompanying switching control in the AC / DC converter 12a and the DC / DC converter 12b, for example, as shown in FIG. Varies with the amount of current.
  • the power conversion efficiency (power supply efficiency ⁇ ) is generally maximized at a load lower than the maximum load (30% load in FIG. 9).
  • the charging / discharging of the battery 13a is controlled so that the load ratio of the power supply unit 12 becomes the 30% load, and the amount of current output from the power supply unit 12 is adjusted ⁇ step S14>.
  • control device 20 suppresses the overload operation of the power supply unit 12 when the load of the server 4 becomes temporarily heavy and the load current output from the power supply unit 12 exceeds the rated current. Equipped with an assist control function.
  • This assist control is executed, for example, according to the procedure shown in FIG. 10 under the overload control program 21c. That is, the assist control is performed based on the load current amount detected by the load current detection unit 25c, whether or not the operating state (output current amount) of the power supply unit 12 exceeds the rated current of the power supply unit 12. ⁇ Steps S21 and S22>.
  • step S24 when the output current amount of the power supply unit 12 exceeds the rated current, the difference between the output current and the rated current is obtained as a current amount that is insufficient for the server 4 ⁇ step S23>. Then, the battery 13a is discharged so that a current corresponding to the insufficient current amount can be obtained from the battery unit 13, and thereby a current is supplied from the battery unit 13 to the server 4 (step S24).
  • the server 4 is supplied with both the current output from the power supply unit 12 and the current output from the battery unit 13, and the current output from the power supply unit 12 (load) Current amount) can be suppressed to the rated current.
  • the battery unit 13 compensates for the amount of load current required for the power supply unit 12 that exceeds the rated current.
  • stable operation of the power supply unit 12 can be assisted. Therefore, even if the load applied to the server 4 temporarily increases, it is possible to prevent an extra burden exceeding the rated capacity from being applied to the power supply unit 12 of the uninterruptible power supply 14.
  • load reduction control is performed as shown in FIG. Also good. Specifically, when the output current amount of the power supply unit 12 exceeds a rated current in a certain uninterruptible power supply 14, and the amount of current supplied to the server 4 connected to the uninterruptible power supply 14 is insufficient ⁇ step S31 , S32>, and the amount of insufficient current is obtained ⁇ step S33>.
  • the remaining capacity of the battery 13a in the uninterruptible power supply 14, that is, the amount of DC power stored in the battery 13a is obtained ⁇ step S34>.
  • the remaining capacity of the battery 13a is obtained, for example, as the difference between the integrated values of the charging current and the discharging current for the battery 13a detected by the charge / discharge current detection unit 25f.
  • the determined remaining capacity and the insufficient current amount are notified to the management unit 15 to promote load reduction (step S35).
  • the discharge of the battery 13a is controlled so as to compensate the insufficient current amount by the battery unit 13 (step S36).
  • the management unit 15 that has received the notification obtains a time during which the battery unit 13 can assist the power supply unit 12 from the remaining capacity and the insufficient current amount.
  • another uninterruptible power supply 14 provided in parallel with the uninterruptible power supply 14 is part of the load of the server 4 that is fed by the uninterruptible power supply 14 within the assistable time. Is transferred to the server 4 that is feeding ⁇ step S37>. That is, load distribution to the plurality of uninterruptible power supply devices 14 is executed, and the load of the uninterruptible power supply device 14 that is executing the assist control described above is reduced.
  • the load of the uninterruptible power supply 14 includes a cooling fan (not shown) provided in the uninterruptible power supply 14 in addition to the server 4.
  • the cooling fan discharges heat generated inside the housing by forming an air flow inside the housing that houses the power supply unit 12 and the battery unit 13, and also heats inside the server rack 11 to the outside. By discharging the battery, it plays a role of cooling the entire uninterruptible power supply 14.
  • the output power of the power supply unit 12 is increased, or the ambient temperature of the power supply unit 12 is increased, and it is necessary to drive the cooling fan with high power to increase the air volume and increase the cooling efficiency.
  • the electric power obtained from the battery unit 13 is used to drive the cooling fan.
  • the cooling fan in the unit that originally does not require cooling or sufficient with the minimum cooling is also driven. This control is executed under a fan control program 21g provided in the control device 20.
  • the entire uninterruptible power supply 14 as well as the semiconductor switching elements and the like that are heat generating parts in the power supply unit 12 are provided without placing an extra burden on the power supply unit 12. Can be effectively cooled.
  • it is not necessary to rotate only the cooling fan of the power supply unit 12 at a high speed it is possible to prevent the generation of noise due to the high-speed rotation of the fan.
  • such a driving mode of the cooling fan is useful when power is supplied to the battery unit 13 from the solar power generation device 40 or the wind power generation device 50.
  • the power supply unit 12 can be prevented from shifting to the complete power failure mode. That is, even if the input voltage to the uninterruptible power supply 14, in other words, the voltage of the AC power (AC400V / AC200V) output from the power distributor 2 decreases, the uninterruptible power supply 14 from the power supply line.
  • the DC power stored in the battery 13a is converted into an AC voltage and output to the AC power supply line (AC200V / AC400V).
  • the power consumption in the uninterruptible power supply 14 can be leveled under the leveling control program 21e. Specifically, when the power consumption of the server 4 temporarily increases, power is supplied from the battery unit 13 to the server 4 over a predetermined time thereafter. Then, power consumption in the power supply unit 12 during power feeding from the battery unit 13 to the server 4 is reduced. As a result, it is possible to reduce the average power consumption in the power supply unit 12 per unit time during which the power consumption is measured, thereby achieving leveling of the power consumption in the uninterruptible power supply 14. .
  • the said power supply unit 12 when the said power supply unit 12 transfers to a complete power failure mode with the power failure of the said alternating current power (AC200V / AC400V), it can supply electric power to the server 4 from the said battery unit 13. FIG. it can.
  • the operation (operation) of the server 4 can be continued even during the power failure. Therefore, the output of the power supply unit 12 is forcibly set to zero [0] or reduced under the battery deterioration diagnosis program 21f.
  • the discharge characteristic of the said battery 13a in the said battery unit 13 at that time specifically, the change of the charging voltage of the said battery 13a with time progress are measured. Then, it becomes possible to diagnose the degree of characteristic deterioration of the battery 13a from the measured discharge characteristic of the battery 13a.
  • the deterioration diagnosis of the battery 13a included in the battery unit 13 can be performed without operating the AC power (AC200V / AC400V) in a pseudo state without operating the power supply system 10. Can be executed.
  • the power supply system 10 including a plurality of uninterruptible power supply devices 14 in parallel the deterioration diagnosis of the battery 13a can be performed for each uninterruptible power supply device 14 individually. Therefore, in operating the power supply system 10, the AC power (AC200V / AC400V) does not need to be artificially interrupted, so that the maintenance can be performed easily, efficiently and safely. The effect of becoming.
  • the uninterruptible power supply 14 supplies the AC power (AC200V / AC400V) to the power supply line under a weighting according to the margin. Adjust the amount of power to be output. Specifically, a larger weight is given to the larger remaining capacity of the battery 13a. If such weighting control is executed, it becomes possible to supply power to the servers 4 in each of the plurality of uninterruptible power supply devices 14 substantially evenly. Therefore, efficient operation of the entire system during a power failure can be achieved.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, it is not always necessary to provide all of the controls described above, and it is sufficient to appropriately provide them according to the overall configuration and scale of the power supply system 10. Further, the battery 13a in the battery unit 13 can be provided separately for power failure countermeasures and backup for the power supply unit 12.
  • the power capacity of the power supply unit 12 and the storage capacity of the battery unit 13 may be determined according to the load currents of a plurality of servers 4 connected to the uninterruptible power supply 14.
  • Various AC / DC converters and DC / DC converters that constitute the power supply unit 12 and the battery unit 13 can be appropriately employed as long as they are conventionally proposed.
  • the server 4 is not specified as a load device.
  • the present invention can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • Uninterruptible power supply UPS
  • Power distribution unit POD
  • transformer 4 server (load equipment)
  • SYMBOLS 10
  • Power supply system 11
  • Server rack 12
  • Power supply unit 12a AC / DC converter
  • 12b DC / DC converter
  • Battery unit 13a Battery (BAT) 13b, 13c, 13d, 13f DC / DC converter 13e AC / DC converter 13f DC / AC converter
  • Sensing means 40
  • Solar power generation device 41
  • DC / DC converter 50
  • Wind power generation device 51
  • AC / DC converter 52 52

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'alimentation électrique équipé d'un appareil d'alimentation électrique sans coupure de type à sortie de courant continu (14) comprenant : une unité d'alimentation électrique (12), sur laquelle est entrée une puissance en courant alternatif, et qui génère une tension de sortie en courant continu servant à alimenter un appareil de charge (4) ; et une unité de batterie (13), qui est disposée en parallèle avec l'unité d'alimentation électrique (12), qui stocke la puissance en courant continu lorsque l'unité d'alimentation électrique (12) fonctionne, et qui génère la tension de sortie en courant continu grâce à la décharge de la puissance en courant continu stockée. Le système d'alimentation électrique constitue un système d'alimentation électrique par rapport à l'appareil de charge (4) en connectant l'appareil d'alimentation électrique sans coupure (14) à une alimentation électrique de système via un disjoncteur (2), ladite alimentation électrique de système fournissant la puissance en courant alternatif. En fonction du statut fonctionnel de l'unité d'alimentation électrique (12), la charge/décharge de l'unité de batterie (13) est commandée.
PCT/JP2013/055753 2013-03-01 2013-03-01 Système d'alimentation électrique WO2014132452A1 (fr)

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JP2017028884A (ja) * 2015-07-23 2017-02-02 和希 石川 電源システム及びバックアップ電源システムの増設方法
JP6156562B1 (ja) * 2016-09-09 2017-07-05 富士電機株式会社 電力平準化装置
JP2020036448A (ja) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 マレリ株式会社 電源システム
CN113472020A (zh) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-01 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种新型交直流混合的数据中心供电控制系统及控制方法
CN113543577A (zh) * 2020-04-21 2021-10-22 华为技术有限公司 一种冷量分配单元及液冷系统
CN113890007A (zh) * 2020-07-02 2022-01-04 中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司 预装式供配电系统
JP2022078171A (ja) * 2021-03-05 2022-05-24 バイドゥ ユーエスエイ エルエルシー 液冷装置、データセンターおよび電子機器を調整する方法
WO2022196012A1 (fr) * 2021-03-15 2022-09-22 オムロン株式会社 Système de commande de puissance, procédé d'alimentation électrique et programme
WO2023098016A1 (fr) * 2021-12-03 2023-06-08 上海安世博能源科技有限公司 Système d'alimentation électrique et procédé d'alimentation électrique

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JP2017028884A (ja) * 2015-07-23 2017-02-02 和希 石川 電源システム及びバックアップ電源システムの増設方法
JP6156562B1 (ja) * 2016-09-09 2017-07-05 富士電機株式会社 電力平準化装置
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JP2020036448A (ja) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 マレリ株式会社 電源システム
WO2020044938A1 (fr) * 2018-08-29 2020-03-05 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 Système d'alimentation électrique
JP7041600B2 (ja) 2018-08-29 2022-03-24 マレリ株式会社 電源システム
CN113543577A (zh) * 2020-04-21 2021-10-22 华为技术有限公司 一种冷量分配单元及液冷系统
CN113890007A (zh) * 2020-07-02 2022-01-04 中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司 预装式供配电系统
CN113890007B (zh) * 2020-07-02 2023-11-21 中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司 预装式供配电系统
JP2022078171A (ja) * 2021-03-05 2022-05-24 バイドゥ ユーエスエイ エルエルシー 液冷装置、データセンターおよび電子機器を調整する方法
JP7397111B2 (ja) 2021-03-05 2023-12-12 バイドゥ ユーエスエイ エルエルシー 液冷装置、データセンターおよび電子機器を調整する方法
WO2022196012A1 (fr) * 2021-03-15 2022-09-22 オムロン株式会社 Système de commande de puissance, procédé d'alimentation électrique et programme
CN113472020A (zh) * 2021-06-29 2021-10-01 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种新型交直流混合的数据中心供电控制系统及控制方法
CN113472020B (zh) * 2021-06-29 2024-04-16 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 一种新型交直流混合的数据中心供电控制系统及控制方法
WO2023098016A1 (fr) * 2021-12-03 2023-06-08 上海安世博能源科技有限公司 Système d'alimentation électrique et procédé d'alimentation électrique

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