WO2014129219A1 - 端子、電線接続構造体及び端子の製造方法 - Google Patents
端子、電線接続構造体及び端子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014129219A1 WO2014129219A1 PCT/JP2014/050147 JP2014050147W WO2014129219A1 WO 2014129219 A1 WO2014129219 A1 WO 2014129219A1 JP 2014050147 W JP2014050147 W JP 2014050147W WO 2014129219 A1 WO2014129219 A1 WO 2014129219A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
- H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
- H01R4/187—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping combined with soldering or welding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for forming connections by deformation, e.g. crimping tool
- H01R43/048—Crimping apparatus or processes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/16—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for manufacturing contact members, e.g. by punching and by bending
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
- H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
- H01R4/20—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping using a crimping sleeve
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
- H01R4/62—Connections between conductors of different materials; Connections between or with aluminium or steel-core aluminium conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
- H01R43/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections
- H01R43/0221—Laser welding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
- Y10T29/49208—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts
- Y10T29/4921—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts with bonding
- Y10T29/49211—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts with bonding of fused material
- Y10T29/49213—Metal
- Y10T29/49215—Metal by impregnating a porous mass
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a terminal that enables electrical connection to the outside, a wire connection structure, and a method for manufacturing the terminal, and in particular, a copper or copper alloy terminal, a wire connection structure, and a terminal that are attached to the wire. Regarding the method.
- Patent Document 1 there is a method of molding the entire crimped part with resin (Patent Document 1), but the molded part becomes enlarged, and as a result of increasing the size of the connector housing, the connector becomes enlarged, and the wire harness The whole cannot be reduced in size and density.
- the molding method has a problem that the manufacturing process of the wire harness is greatly increased and the operation becomes complicated because the individual crimping parts are processed after the electric wire is crimped.
- Patent Document 2 a technique for making the aluminum conductor hermetically sealed by covering the tip of the electric wire conductor with a metal cap
- Patent Document 3 a technique for covering the electric wire with a part of the terminal strip to make it sealed.
- a part of the pressed plate material is bent into a cylindrical shape, and the butted portion or the overlapping portion at both ends thereof is laser-bonded.
- the welding method is excellent in both formability and productivity.
- the welded portion is forcibly rapidly melted and then rapidly solidified, so that the welded portion is distorted. This distortion affects the adhesion between the crimping part and the electric wire, and in particular, it is difficult to maintain reliability after aging.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a terminal, an electric wire connection structure, and a method for manufacturing a terminal that can improve the adhesion between a cylindrical crimping portion and an electric wire and can maintain reliability over a long period of time. is there.
- a terminal according to the present invention includes a connector part that is electrically connected to an external terminal, and a cylindrical crimp part that is integrally or separately connected to the connector part and crimped to an electric wire.
- the cylindrical crimping portion is formed of a metal base material made of copper or a copper alloy, or a metal member having the metal base material, and the cylindrical crimping portion is substantially in the longitudinal direction.
- the Cube orientation crystal grains include crystal grains having a deviation angle of ⁇ 10% from the Cube orientation
- the RDW orientation crystal grains include crystal grains having a deviation angle of ⁇ 10% from the RDW orientation
- the crystal grains having the Goss orientation include crystal grains having a deviation angle of ⁇ 10% from the Goss orientation.
- the copper alloy is preferably any one of a Cu—Ni—Si alloy, a Cu—Cr alloy, a Cu—Zr alloy, and a Cu—Sn alloy.
- the electric wire connection structure which joined the said terminal and the electric wire in the said cylindrical crimp part of the said terminal is provided.
- the conductor of the electric wire may be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- a terminal according to the present invention includes a connector portion that is electrically connected to an external terminal, and a cylindrical shape that is integrally or separately provided with the connector portion and is crimped to an electric wire.
- a method of manufacturing a terminal including a crimp portion wherein the area ratios of crystal grains oriented in a Cube orientation, an RDW orientation, and a Goss orientation are R1, R2, and R3, respectively, and the sum of the area ratios R1, R2, and R3.
- the terminal according to the present invention is a manufacture of a terminal comprising: a connector part electrically connected to an external terminal; and a cylindrical crimping part provided integrally or separately from the connector part and crimped to an electric wire.
- a metal group in which the sum of the area ratios R1, R2, and R3 is 15% or more when the area ratios of crystal grains oriented in the Cube orientation, RDW orientation, and Goss orientation are R1, R2, and R3, respectively.
- a step of forming a material a step of providing a metal layer on the metal base material to form a metal member, and pressing the metal member so that the RD direction of the base material of the metal member is a cylindrical crimp.
- the manufacturing method of the said terminal further has the sealing process of welding and sealing the edge part opposite to the electric wire insertion port of the said cylindrical crimping
- the sum of the area ratios R1, R2, and R3 of the crystal grains oriented in the Cube orientation, RDW orientation, and Goss orientation in the metal substrate or in the metal member substrate is set to 15% or more.
- the ratio of columnar crystals that grow parallel to the width direction of the welded portion increases, and the distortion of the welded portion decreases. That is, if the crystal grains are intentionally oriented so that the sum of the area ratios R1, R2, and R3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the columnar crystals that grow from the butt portion at the time of welding are easily aligned in a certain direction. As a result, a weld metal structure with less distortion during solidification than before is obtained.
- the columnar crystals grow parallel to the width direction of the welded portion, so that distortion and residual stress in the welded portion are reduced. Therefore, no crack or the like occurs in the welded portion after conductor crimping, the adhesion between the tubular crimping portion and the electric wire can be improved, and the reliability can be maintained over a long period of time.
- the Cube orientation crystal grains include crystal grains having a deviation angle of ⁇ 10% from the Cube orientation
- the RDW orientation crystal grains include crystal grains having a deviation angle of ⁇ 10% from the RDW orientation
- the crystal grains having the Goss orientation may include crystal grains having a deviation angle of ⁇ 10% from the Goss orientation. Even if such crystal grains are included in the calculation, the same effects as described above can be obtained.
- the electric wire connection structure of the present invention has a cylindrical crimp portion, moisture or the like hardly adheres to the contact point between the terminal base material and the electric wire conductor, and corrosion can be reduced. Thus, reliability can be maintained. This is particularly noticeable when the base material of the cylindrical crimping part is made of copper or the predetermined copper alloy, and the conductor of the electric wire is made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
- FIG. 2 It is a perspective view showing roughly the composition of the electric wire connection structure which has the terminal concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of the terminal which concerns on this embodiment.
- (A)-(d) is a top view explaining the manufacturing method of a terminal.
- (A) is a perspective view explaining the laser welding process in FIG. 2
- (b) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the terminal manufactured by the manufacturing method of FIG.
- (A) is a schematic diagram explaining the orientation of the crystal grain in the base material of the metal member in FIG. 3 (a)
- (b) is a figure which shows the perpendicular
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a configuration of a wire connection structure having terminals according to the present embodiment.
- the wire connection structure and the terminal in FIG. 1 show an example, and the configuration of each part according to the present invention is not limited to that in FIG.
- the electric wire connection structure 1 of the present invention is obtained by electrically and mechanically joining the terminal 40 and the electric wire 3. More specifically, it is integrally formed with a copper or copper alloy substrate, has a conductor (core wire) made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and is attached to the electric wire 3 whose periphery is covered with an insulating coating layer.
- a conductor core wire
- One or a plurality of the electric wire connection structures are bundled, and a terminal portion is accommodated in the connector housing as necessary to form a wire harness (assembled electric wire).
- the terminal portion (terminal 40) will be described.
- the terminal 40 of the present invention includes a connector portion 10 that is electrically connected to the external terminal 2, and a cylindrical crimp portion 30 that is provided via the connector portion and the transition portion 20 and is crimped to the electric wire 3. Yes.
- the connector part 10 and the cylindrical crimp part 30 are integrally formed.
- the connector part and the cylindrical crimp part may be formed separately and connected to each other to produce a terminal.
- the terminal 40 may be manufactured from a metal member in order to ensure conductivity and strength.
- the metal member includes a base material of a metal material (copper, aluminum, iron, or an alloy containing these as main components) and a metal layer arbitrarily provided on the surface thereof.
- the metal layer may be provided on a part or all of the metal substrate, and from the viewpoint of contact characteristics and environmental resistance, a noble metal such as tin, silver or gold is preferable.
- the total thickness of the metal layer is 0.3 ⁇ m to 1.2 ⁇ m in consideration of protection of the metal substrate and cost.
- the metal layer is formed in a shape such as a stripe or a spot. This metal layer is usually provided by plating, but is not limited thereto.
- the connector unit 10 is a box unit that allows insertion tabs such as male terminals to be inserted.
- the detailed shape of the box portion is not particularly limited.
- a structure having an insertion tab 93a (elongate connecting portion) of a male terminal may be used. That is, the connector part 10 may have any shape as long as it can be electrically connected by being locked or fitted to the external terminal.
- an example of a female terminal is shown for the sake of convenience in order to describe the terminal of the present invention.
- the cylindrical crimping part 30 is a cylindrical member with the transition part 20 side closed, and includes an insertion port 31 into which the electric wire 3 is inserted, a coated crimping part 32 to be crimped to the insulation coating of the electric wire 3, and the insertion port 31 side.
- a diameter-reducing portion 33 that is reduced in diameter toward the transition portion 20 side, and a conductor crimping portion 34 that is crimped to the conductor of the electric wire 3.
- the cylindrical crimp part 30 is formed in a cylindrical shape whose one end is closed by welding, for example.
- a cylindrical body having a substantially C-shaped cross section is formed by three-dimensionally pressing a metal base material or a metal member developed in a plane, and an open portion (butting portion) of the cylindrical body is formed. ) Is welded. Since the welding is performed in the longitudinal direction of the tubular body, the tubular crimping portion is formed while the strip-like welded portion (weld bead) is formed in the substantially same direction as the longitudinal direction. Moreover, it is preferable that the end part of the cylindrical crimp part on the transition part side is also sealed by welding after welding for forming the cylindrical crimp part. This sealing is performed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the terminal. This sealing prevents moisture and the like from entering from the transition portion 20 side.
- the coated crimping portion 32, the reduced diameter portion 33, and the conductor crimping portion 34 are plasticized by caulking the tubular crimping portion 30 with the end of the wire exposed from the conductor inserted into the insertion port 31. It deforms and is crimped to the insulation coating and the conductor of the electric wire 3, whereby the cylindrical crimp portion 30 and the conductor of the electric wire 3 are electrically connected.
- a recess 35 may be formed in a part of the conductor crimping portion 34 by strong processing.
- the transition portion 20 is a portion that serves as a bridge between the connector portion 10 and the cylindrical crimp portion 30. It may be formed three-dimensionally or two-dimensionally. From the viewpoint of mechanical strength against bending in the terminal length direction, it is preferable to design so that the secondary moment of inertia in the longitudinal direction is increased.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a method for manufacturing the terminal shown in FIG. 1
- FIGS. 3A to 3D are plan views for explaining the method for manufacturing the terminal shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a view of the state in which the terminals are manufactured from the plate material 41 (terminal original plate), as viewed from the ND direction (direction perpendicular to the plate surface) of the plate material.
- a plate material made of a copper or copper alloy metal substrate is rolled to produce a metal plate material 41 having a predetermined thickness, for example, 0.25 mm (step S21).
- the RD direction (rolling direction) of a base material refers to the longitudinal direction of the board
- a metal layer is provided on the entire plate 41 made of a metal base to form a metal member, or a metal layer is provided on an arbitrary portion in a state where the plate 41 made of the metal base is masked. Form a member.
- the metal layer is preferably provided by plating. Examples of the material for the metal layer include tin, silver, and gold plating.
- This plate material 41 made of a metal base material (or a plate material made of a metal member) is punched in a repetitive shape by pressing (primary press) so that a plurality of terminals are in a flattened state (step S22).
- a so-called cantilevered object to be processed that supports each object to be processed at one end is produced, and a connector part plate 43 and a carrier part 42a in which feed holes 42b are formed at equal intervals, A plate-like body 44 for the crimping part is integrally formed (FIG. 3B).
- the plate-like portions (terminal original plates) serving as repetitive structural units are arranged at a predetermined pitch with respect to the RD direction, and the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical crimp portion formed later is substantially perpendicular to the RD direction ( (TD direction).
- each plate-like portion serving as a repetitive unit is formed by bending on each plate-like portion serving as a repetitive unit (secondary press) to form a connector portion 45 and a tubular body 46 for forming a tubular crimp portion (step S23).
- the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the crimping part tubular body 46 is substantially C-shaped with a very small gap.
- the end faces of the base material through this gap are called butted portions 47 (FIG. 3C).
- the butting portion 47 extends in the TD direction.
- a laser is irradiated from above the crimping portion cylindrical body 46, and sweeps in the direction of arrow A in the drawing along the butting portion 47, and laser welding is performed on the portion (FIG. 3 (d), step S34). ).
- the butted portion 47 is welded, and the cylindrical crimping portion 48 is formed.
- a band-shaped weld (weld bead) is formed as a welding mark. This laser welding is performed using a fiber laser described later.
- the laser welding machine can three-dimensionally weld the reduced diameter portion of the cylindrical body by using a laser welding machine that can adjust the focal position during welding three-dimensionally.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view for explaining the laser welding process in step S24 in FIG.
- a fiber laser welding apparatus FL is used, a laser output of 300 to 500 W, a sweep speed of 90 to 180 mm / sec, a spot diameter of about 20 ⁇ m, and a crimping portion cylindrical body 46.
- the butted portion 47 is welded.
- the laser beam L is irradiated along the abutting portion 47, so that a belt-like welded portion 51 is formed at substantially the same position as the abutting portion 47.
- the gap between the end faces of the butting portion 47 and the width of the belt-like welded portion 51 do not necessarily match.
- the circumferential direction of the crimping part tubular body 46 is substantially the same as the RD direction of the substrate. Therefore, the belt-like welded portion 51 is formed substantially perpendicular to the RD direction.
- the end of the cylindrical crimping part on the transition part side (the end opposite to the wire insertion port) by welding after the welding for forming the cylindrical crimping part.
- This sealing is performed in a direction perpendicular to the terminal longitudinal direction (cylindrical crimping portion longitudinal direction). In this welding, a portion where the metal base material (or metal member) is folded is welded from above the folded portion. By this sealing, the end of the cylindrical crimping part on the transition part side is closed.
- the process shown in FIG. 3 reduces the cylindrical crimping portion 61 having a belt-like welded portion formed along substantially the same direction as the longitudinal direction toward the transition portion 20 side.
- a terminal 60 having a diameter-reduced portion 62 having a diameter is produced.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the orientation of crystal grains of the metal base material or the plate material 41 made of a metal member in FIG.
- the copper crystal is a face-centered cubic lattice (FCC), and schematically shows the orientation of the cubic lattice as a crystal in the plate material.
- FCC face-centered cubic lattice
- the metal base material used in this embodiment or the plate material 41 made of a metal member has a texture in which distortion hardly remains during laser welding.
- the plate material 41 is obtained by intentionally orienting crystal orientations of a certain area or more.
- the sum of the grain area ratios R1, R2, and R3 is 15% or more.
- the direction of the plate material made of the metal substrate and the crystal orientation in the substrate will be described.
- Many of the metal plate materials (strip materials) for electrical and electronic parts used industrially are manufactured by rolling.
- the metal material is usually a polycrystal, but the plate material is repeatedly rolled a plurality of times, so that crystals in the plate material accumulate in a specific orientation.
- Such a state of a metal structure accumulated in a certain direction is called a texture.
- a coordinate system is required to define the crystal orientation.
- the rolling direction (RD) in which the plate material is rolled and advanced is the X axis
- the plate width direction (TD) of the plate material is the Y axis
- a rolling normal direction (ND) perpendicular to the Z axis is taken as a rectangular coordinate system.
- the orientation of a single crystal grain present in the plate material of the metal substrate is determined by the Miller index (hkl) of the crystal plane perpendicular to the Z axis (parallel to the rolling surface) and the index of the crystal direction parallel to the X axis [ uvw] in the form of (hkl) [uvw].
- (132) [6-43] and (231) [3-46] are shown. This indicates that the (132) plane of the crystal constituting the crystal grain is perpendicular to ND, and the [6-43] direction of the crystal constituting the crystal grain is parallel to RD. Note that (132) [6-43] and (231) [3-46] are equivalent from the symmetry of the face-centered cubic lattice.
- An orientation group having such an equivalent orientation uses parentheses ( ⁇ or ⁇ >) to represent the family, and is represented as ⁇ 132 ⁇ ⁇ 643>.
- the Cube orientation is, for example, a state in which the (001) plane is perpendicular to the rolling surface normal direction (ND) and the [100] direction is oriented to the rolling direction (RD), ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 100>.
- the RDW orientation is, for example, a state in which the (012) plane is perpendicular to the rolling surface normal direction (ND) and the [100] direction is oriented in the rolling direction (RD), and an index of ⁇ 120 ⁇ ⁇ 001>. Indicated.
- the Goss orientation is, for example, a state in which the (011) plane is perpendicular to the rolling surface normal direction (ND) and the [100] direction is oriented to the rolling direction (RD), and is an index of ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 001>. Indicated. However, FIG. 5 shows an example of one variant in each orientation, and illustration of all crystallographically equivalent variants is omitted.
- the crystal orientation (hkl) [uvw] uniquely determines the orientation of the crystal and does not depend on the observation direction. That is, the plate material may be measured from the rolling direction (RD) or the plate material may be measured from the rolling normal direction (ND).
- RD rolling direction
- ND rolling normal direction
- the area ratio of the crystal orientation is specified, a certain observation visual field is required. In the present invention, the area ratio is measured from the ND direction unless otherwise specified. The field of measurement is observed so that there are at least about 200 crystal grains of the material. That is, the area ratio of the crystal orientation A in the present invention is obtained by calculating the area having the A orientation in the measurement visual field by image analysis and dividing by the total area of the visual field.
- EBSD Electron Back Scatter Diffraction
- Reflected electron Kikuchi line diffraction Kerchi pattern
- SEM scanning Electron Microscope
- the metal base material constituting the terminal or the plate material made of the metal member has a Cube orientation ⁇ 001 ⁇ ⁇ 100>, a RDW orientation ⁇ 120 that faces the (100) plane of the face-centered cubic lattice with respect to the RD direction.
- ⁇ ⁇ 001> the sum of the area ratios R1, R2, and R3 of the crystal grains oriented in the Goss orientation ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 001> is 15% or more.
- the metal plate material 41 made of a metal base material (or metal member) has a texture of the area ratio as described above, the columnar crystals that grow from the butt portion 47 at the time of welding are parallel to the width direction of the belt-like welded portion 51.
- the orientation of each crystal grain does not necessarily coincide with the Cube orientation, RDCube orientation, or Goss orientation, and has a deviation angle of ⁇ 10% from each orientation.
- Crystal grains may be calculated.
- the Cube orientation crystal grain may include a crystal grain whose (001) plane has a deviation angle of ⁇ 10% from the Cube orientation.
- the RDW orientation crystal grains include crystal grains whose (001) plane has a deviation angle of ⁇ 10% from the RDW orientation, and the Goss orientation crystal grains have a (001) plane of ⁇ 10% from the Goss orientation. Crystal grains having a deviation angle may be included.
- the manufacturing method in FIG. 6 corresponds to the plate forming process in step 21 in FIG.
- a copper alloy metal lump is cast (step S61), and then the metal lump is heat-treated at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time (step S62).
- hot rolling is performed at a temperature higher than the heat treatment temperature (step S63), and then cold rolling is performed to form a plate material having a desired thickness (step S64).
- a plate material 41 is manufactured through a solution treatment (step S65) and an aging treatment (step S66).
- a Cu—Ni—Si—Sn—Zn—Mg alloy belonging to the Cu—Ni—Si system is preferable as the plate material manufactured by this treatment, but is not limited thereto.
- the sum of the area ratios R1, R2, and R3 when the area ratios of the crystal grains oriented in the Cube orientation, RDW orientation, and Goss orientation with the (100) plane in the RD direction are R1, R2, and R3, respectively.
- the copper alloy of the plate material 41 is, for example, a Cu—Ni—Si alloy, a Cu—Cr alloy, a Cu—Zr alloy, a Cu—Sn alloy, and Cu—Ni—Si containing an additive element in these.
- a —Sn—Zn—Mg alloy, a Cu—Cr—Sn—Zn alloy, a Cu—Sn—P alloy, a Cu—Cr—Zr alloy, or the like may be used.
- the plate member 41 is made of a copper alloy other than the Cu—Ni—Si—Sn—Zn—Mg alloy, for example, a Cu—Sn—P alloy
- another manufacturing method may be executed. As shown in the other manufacturing method in FIG. 7, first, a metal lump of copper alloy is cast (step S71), then hot-rolled at a temperature higher than the heat treatment temperature (step S72), and then cold-rolled. (Step S73). Next, a plate material having a desired thickness is produced through a recrystallization process (step S74) and a finish rolling process (step S75).
- the Cube orientation, the RDW orientation, and the Goss orientation in which the (100) plane faces the RD direction of the metal base material By setting the sum of the area ratios R1, R2 and R3 of the oriented crystal grains to 15% or more, the proportion of columnar crystals that grow parallel to the width direction of the belt-like welded portion 51 is increased, and the distortion of the welded portion is increased. Less. That is, if the grains are intentionally oriented so that the sum of the area ratios R1, R2, and R3 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the columnar crystals that grow from the butt portion 47 during welding are aligned in a certain direction.
- FIG. 1 shows a state where the terminal 40 is crimped to the electric wire 3, but as shown in FIG. 8, the terminal 80 has a stepped shape in the cylindrical crimping portion before being crimped to the electric wire. You may do it.
- the cylindrical crimping portion 81 is a cylindrical member with the transition portion 20 side closed, and includes a cover crimping portion 83 to be crimped to an insulating coating of a wire (not shown), and the transition portion 20 from the insertion port 82 side.
- the cylindrical crimping portion 81 has a stepped shape
- the end portion of the wire is removed and the end portion is inserted into the cylindrical crimping portion 81
- the insulating coating of the wire is engaged by the reduced diameter portion 84.
- the insulation coating is positioned directly below the coating crimping portion 83
- the electric wire is positioned directly below the conductor crimping portion 85. Therefore, the end of the electric wire can be easily positioned, the crimping between the covering crimping portion 83 and the insulating coating, and the crimping between the conductor crimping portion 85 and the conductor can be performed reliably, and good water stopping and electrical It is possible to achieve excellent adhesiveness while achieving simultaneous connection.
- the connector part 10 is a box-type female terminal, but not limited to this, the connector part may be a male terminal as shown in FIG. Specifically, a cylindrical crimping portion 91 that is crimped to an electric wire (not shown), and the cylindrical crimping portion and the transition portion 92 are provided integrally, and are electrically connected to an external terminal (not shown).
- the connector part 93 may be provided.
- the connector portion 93 has a long connecting portion 93a, and the connecting portion is inserted along a longitudinal direction into a female terminal (not shown) which is an external terminal, so that the female terminal and the electrical terminal are electrically connected. Connected.
- Example 1 A Cu-2.3% Ni-0.6% Si-0.15% Sn-0.5% Zn-0.1% Mg alloy was used, and a plate material was produced in the following step I.
- Example 2 A Cu-0.27% Cr-0.25% Sn-0.2% Zn alloy was used and a plate material was produced in Step I.
- Example 3 A Cu-0.15% Sn-trace P alloy was used to produce a plate material in Step II shown below.
- Step I Casting ⁇ heat treatment (600 ° C., 5 hours) ⁇ heat to 850 ° C.
- the plate materials produced in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were press-molded as terminals, and a cylindrical body serving as a cylindrical crimping part was laser welded, and then crimped to an electric wire.
- As the electric wire a covered electric wire whose conductor is made of an aluminum alloy was used. Then, a male / female fitting terminal having a male tab width of 2.3 mm was produced.
- the residual strain was measured by the X-ray stress measurement method.
- a laser welded terminal was embedded in the resin in the longitudinal direction of the welding and polished until a mirror surface appeared. From the cross section, an X-ray diffraction curve was obtained based on Bragg's law. When the angle between the sample surface normal and the lattice surface normal is ⁇ (psie) angle as measurement conditions, X-rays were irradiated from several ⁇ angles, and each diffraction line intensity distribution measurement was performed.
- the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ showing the peak is assumed to be 2 ⁇ at each ⁇ angle, plotted on the graph with the vertical axis 2 ⁇ and the horizontal axis (sin ⁇ ) ⁇ 2, and each point is connected by a straight line by the least square method to obtain the gradient M.
- K is a stress constant, which is a value obtained from the elastic constant of the material to be measured, the Poisson's ratio, and the diffraction angle when no stress is applied, but the residual strain, which is the result of this measurement, is indicated by the ratio and disappears when division is performed. Treated as a value.
- the numerical value measured by the comparative example without accumulation of crystal orientation was set to 100%, and the example was obtained by converting the ratio of the comparative example using the same alloy to%.
- Table 1 shows the calculation results, measurement results, and evaluation results of the anticorrosion seal test. From the results in Table 1, the above Step I was carried out using a Cu-2.3% Ni-0.6% Si-0.15% Sn-0.5% Zn-0.1% Mg alloy. If the plate material is produced, the sum of the area ratios R1, R2, and R3 of the crystal grains oriented in the Cube orientation, RDW orientation, and Goss orientation can be 25% or more, and the adhesion between the cylindrical crimping portion and the electric wire is improved. I understood that I could do it.
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Abstract
Description
また、前記Cube方位の結晶粒は、前記Cube方位から±10%のずれ角度である結晶粒を含み、前記RDW方位の結晶粒は、前記RDW方位から±10%のずれ角度である結晶粒を含み、前記Goss方位の結晶粒は、前記Goss方位から±10%のずれ角度である結晶粒を含んでいる。
また、前記銅合金は、Cu-Ni-Si系合金、Cu-Cr系合金、Cu-Zr系合金、Cu-Sn系合金のいずれかであるのが好ましい。
さらに、上記端子と、電線とを、前記端子の前記筒状圧着部にて接合した電線接続構造体が提供される。
また、前記電線の導体が、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金からなってもよい。
また、上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る端子は、外部端子と電気的に接続されるコネクタ部と、前記コネクタ部と一体的又は別体で設けられ、電線と圧着される筒状圧着部とを備える端子の製造方法であって、Cube方位、RDW方位、Goss方位に配向する結晶粒の面積率をそれぞれR1、R2、R3としたときに前記面積率R1、R2、R3の和が15%以上となる金属基材を形成する工程と、前記金属基材にプレス加工を施して、前記金属基材のRD方向が筒状圧着部の周方向と略同一となるように筒状体を成形する工程と、前記筒状体の突き合わせ部を溶接して、その長手方向と略同一の方向に帯状溶接部を形成しながら筒状圧着部を形成する工程と、を有することを特徴とする。
また、本発明に係る端子は、外部端子と電気的に接続されるコネクタ部と、前記コネクタ部と一体的又は別体で設けられ、電線と圧着される筒状圧着部とを備える端子の製造方法であって、Cube方位、RDW方位、Goss方位に配向する結晶粒の面積率をそれぞれR1、R2、R3としたときに前記面積率R1、R2、R3の和が15%以上となる金属基材を形成する工程と、前記金属基材上に金属層を設けて金属部材を形成する工程と、前記金属部材にプレス加工を施して、前記金属部材の前記基材のRD方向が筒状圧着部の周方向と略同一となるように筒状体を成形する工程と、前記筒状体の突き合わせ部を溶接して、その長手方向と略同一の方向に帯状溶接部をしながら筒状圧着部を形成する工程と、を有することを特徴とする。
また、前記端子の製造方法は、前記筒状圧着部の電線挿入口と反対の端部を溶接して封止する封止工程を更に有するのが好ましい。
(実施例1)
Cu-2.3%Ni-0.6%Si-0.15%Sn-0.5%Zn-0.1%Mg合金を使用し、以下に示す工程Iにて板材を作製した。
(実施例2)
Cu-0.27%Cr-0.25%Sn-0.2%Zn合金を使用し、工程Iにて板材を作製した。
(実施例3)
Cu-0.15%Sn-微量P合金を使用し、以下に示す工程IIにて板材を作製した。
工程I:鋳造→熱処理(600℃、5h)→850℃まで加熱して熱間圧延(圧延率83%)→冷間圧延(圧延率95%)→溶体化(825℃、15s) → 時効処理(460℃、2h)
工程II:鋳造 →800℃まで加熱して熱間圧延(圧延率83%)→ 冷間圧延(圧延率92%)→再結晶化処理(400℃、2h)→仕上げ圧延(圧延率40%)
Cu-2.3%Ni-0.6%Si-0.15%Sn-0.5%Zn-0.1%Mg合金を使用し、実施例1とは異なる下記の工程IIIにて板材を作製した。
(比較例2)
Cu-0.27%Cr-0.25%Sn-0.2%Zn合金を使用し、実施例2とは異なる工程IIIにて板材を作製した。
(比較例3)
Cu-0.15%Sn-微量P合金を使用し、実施例3と異なる以下の工程IVにて板材を作製した。
工程III:鋳造→950℃まで加熱して熱間圧延(圧延率67%)→冷間圧延(圧延率98%)→溶体化処理(800℃、15s)→時効処理(460℃、2h)
工程IV:鋳造→900℃まで加熱し熱間圧延(圧延率67%)→冷間圧延(圧延率96%)→再結晶化処理(400℃、2h)→仕上げ圧延(圧延率40%)
表1の結果から、Cu-2.3%Ni-0.6%Si-0.15%Sn-0.5%Zn-0.1%Mg合金を使用して、上記工程Iを実行して板材を作製すれば、Cube方位、RDW方位、Goss方位で配向する結晶粒の面積率R1、R2、R3の和を25%以上とすることができ、筒状圧着部と電線の密着性を向上できることが分かった。
2 外部端子
3 電線
10 コネクタ部
20 トランジション部
30 筒状圧着部
11 挿入口
31 挿入口
32 被覆圧着部
33 縮径部
34 導体圧着部
35 凹部
40 端子
41 板材
42a キャリア部
42b 送り穴
43 コネクタ部用板状体
44 圧着部用板状体
45 コネクタ部
46 圧着部用筒状体
47 突き合わせ部
48 筒状圧着部
51 帯状溶接部
60 端子
61 筒状圧着部
62 縮径部
81 筒状圧着部
82 挿入口
83 被覆圧着部
84 縮径部
85 導体圧着部
86 縮径部
91 筒状圧着部
92 トランジション部
93 コネクタ部
93a 接続部
Claims (8)
- 外部端子と電気的に接続されるコネクタ部と、前記コネクタ部と一体的又は別体で連結され、電線と圧着される筒状圧着部とを備える端子であって、
前記筒状圧着部は、銅あるいは銅合金からなる金属基材、又は前記金属基材を有する金属部材で形成され、
前記筒状圧着部は、その長手方向と略同一の方向に沿って形成された帯状溶接部を有し、
前記筒状圧着部の周方向が、前記金属部材における基材のRD方向と略同一であり、
前記金属部材の前記基材中のCube方位、RDW方位、Goss方位に配向する結晶粒の面積率をそれぞれR1、R2、R3としたとき、前記面積率R1、R2、R3の和が15%以上であることを特徴とする端子。 - 前記Cube方位の結晶粒は、前記Cube方位から±10%のずれ角度である結晶粒を含み、前記RDW方位の結晶粒は、前記RDW方位から±10%のずれ角度である結晶粒を含み、前記Goss方位の結晶粒は、前記Goss方位から±10%のずれ角度である結晶粒を含む、請求項1に記載の端子。
- 前記銅合金は、Cu-Ni-Si系合金、Cu-Cr系合金、Cu-Zr系合金、Cu-Sn系合金のいずれかである、請求項1又は2に記載の端子。
- 請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の端子と、電線とを、前記端子の前記筒状圧着部にて接合した電線接続構造体。
- 前記電線の導体が、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金からなる、請求項5に記載の電線接続構造体。
- 外部端子と電気的に接続されるコネクタ部と、前記コネクタ部と一体的又は別体で設けられ、電線と圧着される筒状圧着部とを備える端子の製造方法であって、
Cube方位、RDW方位、Goss方位に配向する結晶粒の面積率をそれぞれR1、R2、R3としたときに前記面積率R1、R2、R3の和が15%以上となる金属基材を形成する工程と、
前記金属基材にプレス加工を施して、前記金属基材のRD方向が筒状圧着部の周方向と略同一となるように筒状体を成形する工程と、
前記筒状体の突き合わせ部を溶接して、その長手方向と略同一の方向に帯状溶接部を形成しながら筒状圧着部を形成する工程と、を有することを特徴とする端子の製造方法。 - 外部端子と電気的に接続されるコネクタ部と、前記コネクタ部と一体的又は別体で設けられ、電線と圧着される筒状圧着部とを備える端子の製造方法であって、
Cube方位、RDW方位、Goss方位に配向する結晶粒の面積率をそれぞれR1、R2、R3としたときに前記面積率R1、R2、R3の和が15%以上となる金属基材を形成する工程と、
前記金属基材上に金属層を設けて金属部材を形成する工程と、
前記金属部材にプレス加工を施して、前記金属部材の前記基材のRD方向が筒状圧着部の周方向と略同一となるように筒状体を成形する工程と、
前記筒状体の突き合わせ部を溶接して、その長手方向と略同一の方向に帯状溶接部をしながら筒状圧着部を形成する工程と、を有することを特徴とする端子の製造方法。 - 前記筒状圧着部の電線挿入口と反対側の端部を溶接して封止する工程を更に有する、請求項6または7に記載の端子の製造方法。
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US9394588B2 (en) | 2016-07-19 |
US20150357725A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
JP2014187046A (ja) | 2014-10-02 |
CN104126251A (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
JP5578592B1 (ja) | 2014-08-27 |
EP2830158B1 (en) | 2017-12-27 |
EP2830158A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
EP2830158A4 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
KR20140126782A (ko) | 2014-10-31 |
KR101490095B1 (ko) | 2015-02-04 |
CN104126251B (zh) | 2018-02-06 |
JPWO2014129219A1 (ja) | 2017-02-02 |
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