WO2014104365A1 - ガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス - Google Patents
ガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014104365A1 WO2014104365A1 PCT/JP2013/085261 JP2013085261W WO2014104365A1 WO 2014104365 A1 WO2014104365 A1 WO 2014104365A1 JP 2013085261 W JP2013085261 W JP 2013085261W WO 2014104365 A1 WO2014104365 A1 WO 2014104365A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
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- antenna
- antenna element
- glass
- windshield
- power feeding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/1271—Supports; Mounting means for mounting on windscreens
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle windshield with a glass antenna provided with a glass antenna.
- Digital Audio Broadcasting (Digital Audio Broadcasting: DAB) is composed of two different frequency bands, band III (band III) of 174 to 240 MHz and L band (L band) of 1452 to 1492 MHz.
- the glass antenna portion 55 is provided so as to protrude from the black shielding film 14 provided on the periphery of the windshield. It is easy and does not satisfy the above requirements.
- the present invention provides a vehicle windshield with a glass antenna that is compatible with a dual band such as DAB, has high reception sensitivity, is excellent in beauty, and does not interfere with the view from the driver's seat.
- a vehicle windshield with a glass antenna of the present invention comprises: A glass antenna having an antenna conductor and a feeding portion; A black shielding film that is formed in a peripheral region of the vehicle windshield, and has a convex portion that protrudes in a trapezoidal shape in an in-plane direction from a region along the upper side of the vehicle windshield in the peripheral region; With The power feeding part is provided in the peripheral area in the vicinity of the convex part, The antenna conductor is connected to the power feeding part directly or via a first connection element, and extends in an oblique direction along the side of the convex part; and A second antenna element that is connected to the first antenna element via at least one of the feeding section or the second connection element and that runs parallel to the first antenna element with a predetermined interval. It is characterized by that.
- a vehicle windshield with a glass antenna that is compatible with a dual band such as DAB, has high reception sensitivity, is excellent in aesthetics, and does not interfere with the view from the driver's seat.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a conventional vehicle windshield 50 with a glass antenna.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the vehicle windshield 100 with a glass antenna provided with the glass antenna 105.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the glass antenna 105 portion of the vehicle windshield with a glass antenna.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the glass antenna 205 portion of the vehicle windshield with a glass antenna.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of the glass antenna 305 portion of the vehicle windshield with glass antenna.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a glass antenna 405 portion of a vehicle windshield with a glass antenna.
- FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view of a glass antenna 505 portion of a vehicle windshield with a glass antenna.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a conventional vehicle windshield 50 with a glass antenna.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the vehicle windshield 100 with a glass antenna provided with the glass antenna 105.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of
- FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view of the glass antenna 605 portion of the vehicle windshield with a glass antenna.
- FIG. 9 is actual measurement data on the influence of the difference in the length of the antenna element in the oblique direction on the gain of the band III.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B are actual measurement data on the influence of the number of antenna elements and looping on the gains of the band III and the L band at the time of single pole.
- FIG. 11 shows measured data on the influence of the lengths of the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 on the gain of the band III at the time of single pole.
- FIGS. 12A and 12B are actual measurement data on the influence of the angle of the antenna element on the gain of the band III and the L band.
- FIG. 13A and 13B are actual measurement data on the influence of the number of antenna elements and looping on the gains of the band III and the L band at the time of bipolar.
- FIG. 14 is actual measurement data on the influence of the lengths of the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 on the gain of the band III at the time of bipolar.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the vehicle windshield 100 with a glass antenna provided with the glass antenna 105
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the glass antenna 105 portion.
- the black shielding film 14 is used from the viewpoint of preventing adhesive deterioration and aesthetics.
- the black shielding film 14 is provided with a convex portion 15 formed so as to project in a trapezoidal shape in an in-plane direction from a region along the upper side of the windshield. Both sides of the convex portion 15 are formed in an oblique direction so that the distance between the both sides becomes smaller toward the glass surface.
- the vertical center line 20 and the side passing through the center of gravity of the windshield. The angle formed by the extension line of the side is 5 ° or more and 85 ° or less.
- the black shielding film and the edge part inside the surface of the convex part 15 may be provided with the black shielding film uniformly, and may be formed with several dots.
- the glass antenna 105 is composed of a power feeding portion 12 and an antenna conductor provided on the windshield 11 as a planar pattern.
- the power feeding unit 12 is a part for electrically connecting an antenna conductor to a signal processing circuit (not shown) such as an amplifier via a predetermined conductive member.
- a signal processing circuit such as an amplifier
- the conductive member for example, a feed line such as an AV line or a coaxial cable is used.
- the inner conductor of the coaxial cable may be electrically connected to the power feeding unit 12 and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable may be grounded to the vehicle body.
- a configuration may be adopted in which a connector for electrically connecting a signal processing circuit such as an amplifier to the power feeding unit 12 is mounted on the power feeding unit 12. With such a connector, it becomes easy to attach the inner conductor of the AV line or the coaxial cable to the power feeding unit 12.
- a projecting conductive member may be installed in the power feeding unit 12, and the projecting conductive member may be brought into contact with and fitted to a connecting portion provided on a vehicle body flange to which the windshield 11 is attached. .
- the power feeding unit 12 is preferably provided in a peripheral region in the vicinity of the convex portion 15. “Near the convex portion 15” refers to a range that does not depart from the effect of the present invention. Specifically, a part of the power feeding portion 12 is located in a region within a radius of 35 mm around the base of the side of the convex portion 15. Should just be provided.
- the glass antenna 105 includes a first antenna element 1 and a second antenna element 2 as antenna conductors.
- the first antenna element 1 is connected to the power feeding unit 12 and extends along the side of the convex portion 15 that protrudes in a trapezoidal shape in the in-plane direction from the region along the upper side of the windshield of the black shielding film 14. It extends in an oblique direction downward.
- FIG. 3 shows the first antenna element 1 extending in an oblique direction along the periphery of the convex portion 15 and then bent in the horizontal direction.
- “along the side of the convex portion 15” means that it is separated from the gist and appearance without departing from the gist of the present invention, but within 15 mm from the edge of the black shielding film portion of the convex portion 15. Preferably, it is within 10 mm.
- the first antenna element 1 does not necessarily have to be bent. If the length of the side extending in the oblique direction of the convex portion 15 is sufficiently long, the first antenna element 1 extends along the side of the convex portion 15. Only a straight line portion in an oblique direction is required. Further, in the first antenna element, if the length of the linear portion in the oblique direction along the side of the convex portion 15 is 10 mm or more and 300 mm or less, more preferably 30 mm or more and 300 mm or less, the antenna gain is improved and the aesthetic appearance is increased. In this respect, preferable results are obtained.
- the second antenna element 2 is connected to the first antenna element 1 via the power feeding unit 12, and runs parallel to the first antenna element 1 with a predetermined interval.
- FIG. 3 shows a second antenna element 2 along the first antenna element 1.
- the distance between the two antenna elements, the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 is 1 mm or more and 15 mm or less, more preferably 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less because of aesthetics, improvement of antenna gain, and manufacturing restrictions. Good to do.
- the first antenna element 1 is connected to the corner of the power feeding unit 12, but is not limited to the corner, and may be connected to any location on the outer periphery of the power feeding unit 12.
- the second antenna element 2 may be connected to any location on the outer periphery of the power feeding unit 12.
- FIGS. An example in which the specification of the first embodiment is changed is shown in FIGS.
- the first antenna element 1 is connected to the power supply unit 12 via a first connection element 6 extending in the horizontal direction from the power supply unit 12.
- the second antenna element 2 is connected to the first antenna element 1 via a second connection element 7 extending in the horizontal direction from the power feeding unit 12 and the power feeding unit 12. Further, as shown in FIG.
- the second connection element 7 may directly connect the second antenna element 2 and the first antenna element 1.
- the first antenna element 1 may be connected to the power feeding unit directly or via the first connection element 6, and the second antenna element 2 may be connected to the power feeding unit 12 or the second connection element. 7 or both of the power feeding unit 12 and the second connection element 7 may be connected to the first antenna element 1.
- the length of the first antenna element 1 (when the first connection element 6 is provided as shown in FIG. 4) Includes the length of the first connection element 6. The same shall apply hereinafter) and the length of the second antenna element 2 (the second connection element 7 extending directly from the feeding portion 12 as shown in FIG. 4).
- the length of the second connection element 7 is included, and the second antenna element is directly connected to the first antenna element 1 via the second connection element 7 as shown in FIG. (Including the length of the shortest path from the connection point between the second connection element 7 and the first antenna element 1 to the power feeding unit 12. The same shall apply hereinafter.) (5/32) ⁇ ⁇ If g1 or more and (5/16) ⁇ ⁇ g1 or less, a favorable result can be obtained in terms of improving the antenna gain in the first frequency band.
- band III 174 to 240 MHz
- the center frequency is 207 MHz. Therefore, when it is desired to improve the antenna gain of band III, assuming that the speed of the radio wave is 3.0 ⁇ 10 8 m / s and the wavelength shortening rate k is 0.64, the length of the first antenna element 1 and The length of the second antenna element 2 may be adjusted to 145 mm or more and 289 mm or less.
- the angle ⁇ formed by the extension lines of the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 shown in FIG. 2 with the center line 20 in the vertical direction passing through the center of gravity of the windshield is 5 ° or more and 50 ° or less, preferably It is good to set it as 20 degrees or more and 45 degrees or less. By making the angle at least 50 ° or less, the gain obtained is greatly improved.
- the angle formed by the extension line of the side of the convex portion 15 of the black shielding film and the vertical center line 20 passing through the center of gravity of the windshield is an extension line of the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2. It is preferable to design the shape of the convex portion 15 so as to be equal to the angle ⁇ formed by the vertical center line 20 passing through the center of gravity of the windshield from the viewpoint of achieving both antenna performance and aesthetics.
- the black shielding film 14 makes it impossible to see what is provided on the shielding film from the outside of the vehicle, and only the thin straight portion of the antenna conductor is seen. Because it is formed along, it is inconspicuous.
- the dual-band broadcast wave Even if it is an antenna for reception, while ensuring antenna performance, the visibility of an antenna conductor is low, a driver
- the loop forming element 5 is used to connect the ends of the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 on the opposite side to the feeding portion 12, so that at least the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 1 are connected.
- a loop may be formed by the antenna element 2 and the loop forming element 5.
- a loop is formed including the power feeding unit 12.
- the loop forming element 5 is indicated by a broken line for convenience in FIG. 3 because of an arbitrary configuration requirement, but is actually a continuous linear conductor like the first antenna element and the like. By forming a continuous loop using the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2, it is possible to significantly improve the obtained antenna gain. 4 and 5, the loop forming element 5 may be longer than the distance between the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2.
- FIG. 4 and 5 show a configuration in which the folding elements 8 are run in parallel with a predetermined distance from the first antenna element 1 from the tip of the loop forming element 5.
- the folding element 8 may be extended from the middle part of the loop forming element 5. 4 and 5, only one folding element is provided on either the first antenna element 1 side or the second antenna element 2 side, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. It may be provided on either side, or two or more.
- FIG. 5 shows an example in which the tip of the folding element 8 is further bent. By doing so, there is an effect mainly on L-band gain adjustment.
- the folding element 8 is indicated by a broken line for convenience in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 because of an arbitrary configuration requirement, but is actually a continuous linear conductor as in the first antenna element and the like.
- a third antenna element 3 extending in the horizontal direction from the power feeding unit 12 may be added.
- the third antenna element 3 is mainly for L-band gain adjustment, and FIG. 3 shows an example in which the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 are extended in the horizontal direction opposite to the tilt direction. However, it may be extended in the horizontal direction on the same side as the inclination as shown in FIGS.
- the third antenna element 3 is indicated by a broken line for convenience in FIGS. 3 to 5 because of an arbitrary configuration requirement, but is actually a continuous linear conductor as in the case of the first antenna element and the like. .
- the third antenna element 3 is shown to be connected to the feeding portion 12 at the corner portion, but is not limited to the corner portion, and may be connected to any location on the outer periphery of the feeding portion 12. .
- the wavelength in the air at the center frequency of the second frequency band higher than the first frequency band is ⁇ 02
- the wavelength reduction rate of the windshield is k
- a third long length of the antenna element 3 is (1/8) ⁇ ⁇ g2 least (7/8) ⁇ ⁇ g2 less antenna gain in the second frequency band It is preferable in terms of improvement.
- the length of the third antenna element 3 is set so that the speed of the radio wave is 3.0 ⁇ 10 8 m / s and the wavelength shortening rate k is 0.64. It is good to adjust to 16 mm or more and 114 mm or less.
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a glass antenna 405 portion of a vehicle windshield with a glass antenna.
- the glass antenna 405 is composed of a power feeding unit 12, a grounding side power feeding unit 16, and an antenna conductor provided on the windshield 11 as a planar pattern.
- the power feeding unit 12 is a power feeding point electrically connected to a signal path of a signal processing circuit (not shown) such as an amplifier via a predetermined conductive member, and the ground side power feeding unit 16 is an external ground path (for example, , A feeding point electrically connected to the ground of the signal processing circuit or the vehicle body via a predetermined conductive member.
- the ground-side power feeding unit 16 is electrically connected to a signal path of a signal processing circuit (not shown) such as an amplifier via a predetermined conductive member, and the power feeding unit 12 is connected to an external ground path (for example, the signal path). It may be electrically connected to the ground of the processing circuit or the vehicle body via a predetermined conductive member. That is, the glass antenna 405 is a bipolar antenna that includes the power feeding unit 12 and the ground-side power feeding unit 16 as a pair of power feeding points.
- a feed line such as an AV line or a coaxial cable is used.
- the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is electrically connected to the power feeding unit 12, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the ground-side power feeding unit 16.
- a configuration may be adopted in which a connector for electrically connecting a signal processing circuit such as an amplifier to the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16 is mounted on the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16. With such a connector, it becomes easy to attach the inner conductor of the coaxial cable to the power feeding unit 12 and the outer conductor to the ground side power feeding unit 16.
- a protruding conductive member is installed in each of the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16, and the protruding conductive member contacts and fits to a connection portion provided on a vehicle body flange to which the windshield 11 is attached. It is good also as a structure which matches.
- a fourth antenna element 4 extending in the horizontal direction from the ground-side power feeding unit 16 may be added.
- the first antenna element 1 and the first antenna element 1 and the first antenna element 1 are more than the first embodiment.
- the length of the second antenna element 2 can be shortened to about 0.75 times, and the visibility of the glass antenna can be suppressed compared to the first embodiment, which is excellent in terms of beauty.
- the fourth antenna element 4 is shown to be connected to the feeding portion 12 at the corner, the fourth antenna element 4 is not limited to the corner, and may be connected to any location on the outer periphery of the feeding portion 12. .
- the ground side power supply unit 16 is connected to the vehicle body at a position close to the glass antenna and grounded.
- the outer conductor of the coaxial cable connected to the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16 is connected to the vehicle body at a distance of 180 mm or less from the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16.
- the dotted line in FIG. 6 indicates an arbitrary configuration. That is, the loop forming element 5 is used to connect the end portions of the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 opposite to the feeding portion, so that at least the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna are connected.
- a loop may be formed by the element and the loop forming element, and a third antenna element 3 extending in the horizontal direction from the power feeding unit 12 may be added. By forming the loop, the obtained antenna gain can be greatly improved, and the addition of the third antenna element 3 is effective mainly for L-band gain adjustment.
- the wavelength in the air at a center frequency of the first frequency band band is lower side and lambda 01
- band III (174 to 240 MHz) is set as the first frequency band
- the center frequency is 207 MHz. Therefore, when it is desired to improve the antenna gain of band III, assuming that the speed of radio waves is 3.0 ⁇ 10 8 m / s and the wavelength shortening rate k is 0.64, the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna
- the length of the element 2 is preferably adjusted to 130 mm or more and 217 mm or less.
- the second antenna element 2 extending in the oblique direction along the first antenna element 1 is connected to the second antenna element via the second connection element 7 extending in the horizontal direction from the power feeding unit 12. 2 is connected to the first antenna element 1.
- FIG. 8 illustrates an example in which the second connecting element 7 is connected to the end portion on the opposite side to the feeding point of the first antenna element 1.
- the notch part 9 in the middle of the 2nd antenna element 2 is illustrated. In this way, the second antenna element 2 may be coupled to the first antenna element 1 at any location via the second connection element 7, and is notched in the middle of the second antenna element 2.
- the portion 9 may be included.
- the edge part on the opposite side to the electric power feeding part 12 of the 1st antenna element 1 and the 2nd antenna element 2 may be in the middle of a bending location, as shown in FIG.
- the third antenna element 3 and the fourth antenna element 4 may be extended in the horizontal direction from the upper right corner of the power feeding unit 12 and the upper left corner of the ground side power feeding unit 16, respectively.
- connection part between the elements may be connected with a curvature.
- the antenna conductor, the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16 are formed by printing and baking a paste containing a conductive metal such as a silver paste on the inner surface of the windshield, for example.
- a paste containing a conductive metal such as a silver paste
- the present invention is not limited to this forming method, and a linear body or a foil-like body made of a conductive material such as copper may be formed on the inner surface of the windshield, and is attached to the windshield with an adhesive or the like. It may be provided inside the windshield itself.
- the shapes of the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16 may be determined according to the shape of the conductive member or the mounting surface of the connector. For example, a square shape or a polygonal shape such as a square, a substantially square, a rectangle, or a substantially rectangle is preferable for mounting. It may be a circle such as a circle, a substantially circle, an ellipse, or a substantially ellipse.
- a conductor layer made of an antenna conductor may be provided inside or on the surface of the synthetic resin film, and the synthetic resin film with the conductor layer may be formed on the vehicle inner surface or the vehicle outer surface of the windshield to form a glass antenna. Furthermore, it is good also as a glass antenna by forming the flexible circuit board in which the antenna conductor was formed in the vehicle inner surface of a windshield.
- the antenna gain was measured by assembling a vehicle windshield with a glass antenna on a car window frame on a turntable in an angle of about 25 ° with respect to a horizontal plane.
- a connector is attached to the power supply unit and is connected to a network analyzer via a feeder line.
- the turntable rotates so that radio waves are irradiated from all directions to the windshield from the horizontal direction.
- the antenna gain is measured by setting the vehicle center of a vehicle in which a vehicle windshield with a glass antenna is assembled at the center of the turntable and rotating the vehicle 360 °.
- the antenna gain data is obtained by averaging the values measured by rotating 360 ° at each rotation angle of 5 ° at each frequency. Further, it is measured every 3 MHz in the frequency range of band III, and is measured every 1.7 MHz in the frequency range of L band.
- the antenna gain was standardized so that the antenna gain of the half-wave dipole antenna was 0 dB with reference to the half-wave dipole antenna.
- Example 1 In the glass antenna 505 shown in FIG. 7, the second connecting element 7, the second antenna element 2, and the loop forming element 5 are omitted, and the third antenna element 3 and the fourth antenna element 4 are provided.
- the antenna gain was measured by changing only the ratio between the diagonal direction and the horizontal direction of the first antenna element 1.
- the total length of the first antenna element 1 is fixed to 170 mm, the lengths of the diagonal elements in the first antenna element 1 are changed, and the length of the diagonal elements is the band III. The result of having measured about the influence which acts on a gain is shown.
- the antenna gain is plotted as the average of all bands in Band III.
- the conductor width of each element was 0.4 mm.
- the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16 were rectangular with a length of 14 mm and a width of 20 mm.
- the distance between the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16 was 21 mm. Note that the conductor width of the element, the size of the power feeding unit, and the distance between the power feeding unit 12 and the ground side power feeding unit 16 are the same in all of the following examples.
- Example 2 In the single-pole glass antenna 105 including the third antenna element 3 shown in FIG. 3, the second antenna element 2 or the second antenna element 2 is provided in contrast to the case where only the first antenna element 1 is provided.
- the antenna gain was measured with respect to the influence on the gains of the band III and the L band. The results are shown in FIGS. 10 (A) and 10 (B). The antenna gain is plotted as an average value in the entire band III and L band.
- first antenna element 1 240 Second antenna element 2: 240 Third antenna element 3: 100 Loop forming element 5:10 Met. 10A and 10B, the case where only the first antenna element 1 is provided is “Example 1”, the case where the second antenna element 2 is further provided is “Example 2”, and The case where the loop forming element 5 is provided and the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 are looped is referred to as “example 3”.
- the loop forming element 5 is used to connect the end portions of the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 opposite to the feeding portion 12 to form a loop, so that the lower band side of the band III can be formed.
- the gain was greatly improved, and the L-band gain could be increased as a whole.
- Example 3 In the glass antenna 105 including the third antenna element 3 shown in FIG. 3, the length of the first antenna element 1 is changed with the second antenna element 2 and the loop forming element 5 omitted. The antenna gain was measured for the effect of the length of one antenna element 1 on the gain of band III. The result is shown in FIG. The antenna gain is plotted as the average of all bands in Band III.
- High gain was obtained by setting the length of the first antenna element 1 to 145 mm to 289 mm.
- Example 4 In the glass antenna 505 shown in FIG. 7, the third antenna element 3 and the fourth antenna element 4 are provided, and the second connection element 7, the second antenna element 2, and the loop forming element 5 are omitted,
- the antenna gain was measured with respect to the effect of the angle ⁇ between the extension line of the first antenna element 1 and the center line 20 in the glass vertical direction on the gains of the band III and the L band. The results are shown in FIGS. 12 (A) and 12 (B).
- the antenna gain is plotted as an average value in the entire band III and L band.
- the gain was significantly improved especially when the angle ⁇ was 50 ° or more in the L band.
- Example 5 In the bipolar glass antenna 505 shown in FIG. 7, the third antenna element 3 and the fourth antenna element 4 are provided, and only the first antenna element 1 is provided.
- the antenna gain is affected by the influence on the gains of the band III and the L band. was measured. The results are shown in FIGS. 13 (A) and 13 (B).
- the gain of the L band is significantly improved while maintaining the gain of the band III. I was able to.
- the loop forming element 5 is used to connect the end portions of the first antenna element 1 and the second antenna element 2 to form a loop, thereby maintaining the gain of the band III and the entire gain of the L band. I was able to raise it.
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Abstract
Description
アンテナ導体と給電部とを有するガラスアンテナと、
該車両用フロントガラスの周縁領域に形成され、該周縁領域のうち該車両用フロントガラスの上辺に沿った領域から面内方向に台形状に突出して形成された凸部を有する黒色遮蔽膜と、を備え、
前記給電部は、前記凸部の近傍の前記周縁領域に設けられ、
前記アンテナ導体は、前記給電部に直接又は第1の接続エレメントを介して接続され、前記凸部の側辺に沿うように斜め方向に延在する第1のアンテナエレメントと、
前記第1のアンテナエレメントに前記給電部又は第2の接続エレメントの少なくとも一方を介して接続され、前記第1のアンテナエレメントに所定の間隔を空けて並走する第2のアンテナエレメントと、を有することを特徴とする。
図2は、ガラスアンテナ105が設けられたガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス100の平面図を示し、図3はガラスアンテナ105部分を拡大した平面図を示している。
また、第1の実施形態の仕様を変更した一例を図4および図5に示す。図4では、第1のアンテナエレメント1は、給電部12から水平方向に延伸する第1の接続エレメント6を介して、給電部12に接続されている。また、第2のアンテナエレメント2は、給電部12から水平方向に延伸する第2の接続エレメント7、および給電部12を介して、第1のアンテナエレメント1に接続されている。さらに図5に示すような、第2の接続エレメント7が、第2のアンテナエレメント2と第1のアンテナエレメント1とを直接接続している構成でも良い。このように、第1のアンテナエレメント1は、直接または第1の接続エレメント6を介して給電部に接続されていても良く、第2のアンテナエレメント2は、給電部12または第2の接続エレメント7あるいは給電部12と第2の接続エレメント7の両方を介して第1のアンテナエレメント1に接続されていても良い。
また、図4、5に示すように、ループ形成エレメント5は第1のアンテナエレメント1と第2のアンテナエレメント2との間隔よりも長くても良い。図4、図5ではそのループ形成エレメント5の先端から、第1のアンテナエレメント1と所定の間隔を空けて、折返しエレメント8を並走させた構成が示されている。このような折返しエレメント8を形成することで、得られるアンテナ利得を向上させることができる。また、第1のアンテナエレメント1および第2のアンテナエレメント2の長さを短くすることができる。なお、折返しエレメント8はループ形成エレメント5の途中部から延伸されていてもよい。なお図4、図5では折返しエレメントは第1のアンテナエレメント1側もしくは第2のアンテナエレメント2側のいずれか一方に1本のみ設けられているが、本実施形態に限定されない。いずれの側に設けられていても良く、2本以上でもよい。
図5においては、さらに折返しエレメント8の先端を折り曲げた例が示されている。このようにすることで、主にLバンドの利得調整に効果がある。折返しエレメント8は任意の構成要件のため、図4、図5内では便宜上破線で示しているが、実際には第1のアンテナエレメント等と同様、連続した線状の導体である。
図6はガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラスのガラスアンテナ405部分を拡大した平面図である。
以上のような接地側給電部16もしくは接地側給電部16と第4のアンテナエレメント4の両方を付加した第2の実施形態によると、第1の実施形態よりも第1のアンテナエレメント1および第2のアンテナエレメント2の長さを0.75倍程度に短くすることができ、第1の実施形態よりガラスアンテナの視認性を抑えることができ、美観の点で優れる。
また、第1のアンテナエレメント1および第2のアンテナエレメント2の給電部12とは反対側の端部は、図7で示すように、折曲箇所の途中にあっても良い。また、第3のアンテナエレメント3および第4のアンテナエレメント4は、それぞれ給電部12の右上角および接地側給電部16の左上角から水平方向に延伸されていても良い。なお、これらは第2の実施形態に限定されず、第1の実施形態にも適用が可能である。
図7で示したガラスアンテナ505において、第2の接続エレメント7と第2のアンテナエレメント2およびループ形成エレメント5を省略し、第3のアンテナエレメント3と第4のアンテナエレメント4を設けた状態で、第1のアンテナエレメント1の斜め方向と水平方向の比率のみを変化させてアンテナ利得を測定した。図9は、第1のアンテナエレメント1の全長を170mmに固定し、第1のアンテナエレメント1のうち斜め方向と水平方向のエレメントの長さを変え、斜め方向のエレメントの長さがバンドIIIの利得に及ぼす影響について測定した結果を示す。アンテナ利得は、バンドIIIの全帯域の平均をプロットした。
第1のアンテナエレメント1(全長):170
第3のアンテナエレメント3:45
第4のアンテナエレメント4:70
であった。
図3で示した第3のアンテナエレメント3を含む単極のガラスアンテナ105において、第1のアンテナエレメント1のみを設けた場合に対して、第2のアンテナエレメント2を設けた場合または第2のアンテナエレメント2とループ形成エレメント5とでループ化した場合に、バンドIIIおよびLバンドの利得に与える影響についてアンテナ利得を測定した。その結果を図10(A)及び図10(B)に示す。アンテナ利得は、バンドIII、Lバンドのそれぞれの全帯域で平均した値をプロットした。
第1のアンテナエレメント1:240
第2のアンテナエレメント2:240
第3のアンテナエレメント3:100
ループ形成エレメント5:10
であった。なお、図10(A)及び図10(B)において、第1のアンテナエレメント1のみを設けた場合を「例1」、さらに第2のアンテナエレメント2を設けた場合を「例2」、さらにループ形成エレメント5を設けてと第1のアンテナエレメント1と第2のアンテナエレメント2とでループ化した場合を「例3」とした。
図3で示した第3のアンテナエレメント3を含むガラスアンテナ105において、第2のアンテナエレメント2およびループ形成エレメント5は省略した状態で、第1のアンテナエレメント1の長さを変化させて、第1のアンテナエレメント1の長さがバンドIIIの利得に及ぼす影響についてアンテナ利得を測定した。その結果を図11に示す。アンテナ利得は、バンドIIIの全帯域の平均をプロットした。
第1のアンテナエレメント1:160~280
第3のアンテナエレメント3:100
であった。
図7で示したガラスアンテナ505において、第3のアンテナエレメント3と第4のアンテナエレメント4を設け、第2の接続エレメント7と第2のアンテナエレメント2およびループ形成エレメント5は省略した状態で、第1のアンテナエレメント1の延長線がガラス縦方向のセンターライン20となす角度αがバンドIIIおよびLバンドの利得に及ぼす影響についてアンテナ利得を測定した。その結果を図12(A)及び図12(B)に示す。アンテナ利得は、バンドIII、Lバンドのそれぞれの全帯域で平均した値をプロットした。
第1のアンテナエレメント1:170
第3のアンテナエレメント3:45
第4のアンテナエレメント4:70
であった。第1のアンテナエレメント1の角度以外のパラメーターは固定して実験を行った。
図7で示した双極のガラスアンテナ505において、第3のアンテナエレメント3と第4のアンテナエレメント4を設け、第1のアンテナエレメント1のみを設けた場合に対して、第2の接続エレメント7と第2のアンテナエレメント2を設けた場合または第2の接続エレメント7と第2のアンテナエレメント2およびループ形成エレメント5とでループ化した場合に、バンドIIIおよびLバンドの利得に与える影響についてアンテナ利得を測定した。その結果を図13(A)及び図13(B)に示す。
第1のアンテナエレメント1:170
第2の接続エレメント7:10
第2のアンテナエレメント2:170
第3のアンテナエレメント3:45
第4のアンテナエレメント4:70
ループ形成エレメント5:10
であった。なお、図13(A)及び図13(B)において、第1のアンテナエレメント1のみを設けた場合を「例4」、さらに第2の接続エレメント7と第2のアンテナエレメント2を設けた場合を「例5」、さらにループ形成エレメント5を設けてと第1のアンテナエレメント1と第2のアンテナエレメント2とでループ化した場合を「例6」とした。
図7で示した双極のガラスアンテナ505において、第2の接続エレメント7、第2のアンテナエレメント2およびループ形成エレメント5は省略した状態で、第1のアンテナエレメント1の長さを変化させて、第1のアンテナエレメント1の長さがバンドIIIの利得に及ぼす影響についてアンテナ利得を測定した。その結果を図14に示す。
第1のアンテナエレメント1:110~300
第3のアンテナエレメント3:45
第4のアンテナエレメント4:70
であった。
本出願は、2012年12月27日出願の日本特許出願(特願2012-285247)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
2 第2のアンテナエレメント
3 第3のアンテナエレメント
4 第4のアンテナエレメント
5 ループ形成エレメント
6 第1の接続エレメント
7 第2の接続エレメント
8 折返しエレメント
9 切り欠き部
11 フロントガラス
12 給電部
14 黒色遮蔽膜
15 凸部
16 接地側給電部
19 フロントガラスの外縁
20 ガラス縦方向のセンターライン
50 従来のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス
55 従来のガラスアンテナ
100 ガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス
105、205、305、405、505、605 ガラスアンテナ
α アンテナエレメントがガラス縦方向のセンターラインとなす角度
Claims (14)
- ガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラスは、
アンテナ導体と給電部とを有するガラスアンテナと、
該車両用フロントガラスの周縁領域に形成され、該周縁領域のうち該車両用フロントガラスの上辺に沿った領域から面内方向に台形状に突出して形成された凸部を有する黒色遮蔽膜と、を備え、
前記給電部は、前記凸部の近傍の前記周縁領域に設けられ、
前記アンテナ導体は、前記給電部に直接又は第1の接続エレメントを介して接続され、前記凸部の側辺に沿うように斜め方向に延在する第1のアンテナエレメントと、
前記第1のアンテナエレメントに前記給電部又は第2の接続エレメントの少なくとも一方を介して接続され、前記第1のアンテナエレメントに所定の間隔を空けて並走する第2のアンテナエレメントと、を有することを特徴とするガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。 - 前記第1のアンテナエレメントおよび前記第2のアンテナエレメントの前記凸部の側辺に沿った直線部分の延長線と、該車両用フロントガラスの重心を通る上下方向のセンターラインとがなす角度は、5°以上50°以下である請求項1に記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。
- 前記アンテナ導体は、
前記第1のアンテナエレメントの前記給電部とは反対側の端部と前記第2のアンテナエレメントの給電部とは反対側の端部とを接続するループ形成エレメントを有する請求項1又は2に記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。 - 前記アンテナ導体は、
前記ループ形成エレメントに接続され、前記第1のアンテナエレメントに所定の間隔を空けて並走する折返しエレメントを有する請求項3に記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。 - 前記アンテナ導体は、
前記給電部に接続され、水平方向に延在する第3のアンテナエレメントを有する請求項1から4のいずれか一つに記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。 - 所定の第1の周波数帯と該第1の周波数帯より帯域が高い所定の第2の周波数帯とがあり、前記第2の周波数帯の中心周波数における空気中の波長をλ02とし、前記フロントガラスの波長短縮率をkとし、前記フロントガラス上での波長をλg2=λ02・kとして、
前記給電部から前記第3のアンテナエレメントの前記給電部とは反対側の端部までの距離が(1/8)・λg2以上(7/8)・λg2以下である、請求項5に記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。 - 前記第3のアンテナエレメントの長さは、16mm以上114mm以下である、請求項5に記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。
- 所定の第1の周波数帯と該第1の周波数帯より帯域が高い所定の第2の周波数帯とがあり、前記第1の周波数帯の中心周波数における空気中の波長をλ01とし、前記フロントガラスの波長短縮率をkとし、前記フロントガラス上での波長をλg1=λ01・kとして、
前記給電部から前記第1のアンテナエレメントおよび第2のアンテナエレメントの前記給電部とは反対側の端部までの距離が(5/32)・λg1以上(5/16)・λg1以下である、請求項1から7のいずれか一つに記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。 - 前記第1のアンテナエレメントおよび前記第2のアンテナエレメントの長さは、145mm以上289mm以下である、請求項1から7のいずれか一つに記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。
- 前記ガラスアンテナは、前記給電部の近傍に接地側給電部を有する請求項1から9のいずれか一つに記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。
- 前記ガラスアンテナは、前記接地側給電部から水平方向かつ前記給電部とは反対側に延在する第4のアンテナエレメントを有する、請求項10に記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。
- 所定の第1の周波数帯と該第1の周波数帯より帯域が高い所定の第2の周波数帯とがあり、前記第1の周波数帯の中心周波数における空気中の波長をλ01とし、前記フロントガラスの波長短縮率をkとし、前記フロントガラス上での波長をλg1=λ01・kとして、
前記給電部から前記第1のアンテナエレメントおよび第2のアンテナエレメントの前記給電部とは反対側の端部までの距離が(9/64)・λg1以上(15/64)・λg1以下である、請求項10または11に記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。 - 前記第1のアンテナエレメントおよび前記第2のアンテナエレメントの長さは、130mm以上217mm以下である、請求項10または11に記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。
- 前記第1のアンテナエレメントおよび前記第2のアンテナエレメントの斜め方向の長さは、10mm以上である、請求項1から13のいずれか一つに記載のガラスアンテナ付き車両用フロントガラス。
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EP3096397A1 (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2016-11-23 | Asahi Glass Company, Limited | Window glass for vehicle and glass antenna |
JP2018506495A (ja) * | 2014-12-19 | 2018-03-08 | エージーシー グラス ユーロップAgc Glass Europe | 積層ガラス |
JP2018082418A (ja) * | 2016-05-10 | 2018-05-24 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 車載アンテナ |
EP3300167B1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2021-06-09 | AGC Inc. | Vehicle window glass and antenna |
EP3076480B1 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2021-10-13 | AGC Inc. | Vehicle antenna and window plate including the vehicle antenna |
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JPWO2014104365A1 (ja) | 2017-01-19 |
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