WO2014103253A1 - 熱交換器 - Google Patents

熱交換器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014103253A1
WO2014103253A1 PCT/JP2013/007443 JP2013007443W WO2014103253A1 WO 2014103253 A1 WO2014103253 A1 WO 2014103253A1 JP 2013007443 W JP2013007443 W JP 2013007443W WO 2014103253 A1 WO2014103253 A1 WO 2014103253A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
header tank
core
heat exchanger
thickness
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2013/007443
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
英二 東後
隆志 江田
藤田　泰広
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Precision Products Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Precision Products Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=51020374&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2014103253(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Sumitomo Precision Products Co Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Precision Products Co Ltd
Priority to US14/655,683 priority Critical patent/US9587892B2/en
Priority to EP13868315.6A priority patent/EP2942589B2/en
Priority to CN201380067904.XA priority patent/CN104884888B/zh
Publication of WO2014103253A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014103253A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0243—Header boxes having a circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
    • B23K31/027—Making tubes with soldering or welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
    • B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/06—Fastening; Joining by welding

Definitions

  • the technology disclosed herein relates to a heat exchanger, and particularly to a welded structure of a header tank to a core.
  • a separately formed header tank is attached by welding to a core in which a large number of plates are stacked and integrated. Specifically, a groove inclined at a predetermined groove angle from the inner surface to the outer surface of the header tank is provided over the entire circumference of the opening edge of the header tank, and the entire opening edge of the header tank is provided. The circumference is welded from the outside of the header tank.
  • the plate thickness of the header tank is increased to ensure strength, and the weld bead is increased in size as the plate thickness increases.
  • the enlargement of the weld bead referred to here means that the cross-sectional area of the weld bead of the groove welding is the cross-sectional area of the welded portion where the opening edge of the header tank is arranged substantially perpendicular to the mounting surface of the core. Means to grow. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the plate thickness direction of the groove 34 provided to be inclined at a predetermined groove angle ⁇ ⁇ b> 1 from the inner surface to the outer surface of the header tank 3 by increasing the plate thickness t of the header tank 3.
  • the cross-sectional area of the weld bead 36 increases.
  • the technology disclosed herein has been made in view of such a point, and the object of the technique is to take measures against heat on the core side against welding in a structure in which the header tank is joined to the core of the heat exchanger by welding. It is to be omitted.
  • the inventor of the present application paid attention to the fact that the thickness of the header tank became thicker as the nozzle was attached. That is, a through hole is provided at a nozzle mounting location in the header tank. If no through hole is provided, the required strength can be ensured by setting the thickness of the header tank to t1. However, in order to compensate for the reduction in the thickness of the header tank by providing the through hole, the header tank needs to have a thickness that is thicker than t1. However, such a thick plate thickness is required only in the vicinity of the nozzle mounting location, and in the vicinity of the opening edge welded to the core, the header tank plate thickness can be t1.
  • the inventor of the present application has provided the second inclined portion that is inclined from the outer surface to the inner surface of the header tank at the opening edge of the header tank so that the width in the plate thickness direction of the groove is reduced. .
  • the weld bead when welding the header tank to the core is reduced, and the heat input to the core during welding is also reduced.
  • the technique disclosed herein relates to a heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger includes a core and a header tank welded to the core over the entire circumference of an opening edge thereof.
  • channel which inclines toward the outer surface from the inner surface of the said header tank with the predetermined groove angle is provided in the perimeter of the opening edge part of the said header tank, and the opening edge part of the said header tank
  • At least a part of the second tank is provided with a second inclined portion that is inclined from the outer surface of the header tank toward the inner surface at an angle larger than the predetermined groove angle.
  • the opening edge of the header tank attached to the core by welding is provided with a welding groove over the entire circumference.
  • the groove is provided so as to be inclined at a predetermined groove angle from the inner surface of the header tank.
  • At least a part of the opening edge portion of the header tank provided with the groove is inclined at an angle larger than a predetermined groove angle from the outer surface to the inner surface of the header tank.
  • An inclined part is provided.
  • the second inclined portion may be provided so as to be continuous with the groove, or may be provided so as to be discontinuous. Welding of the header tank to the core is performed on the groove portion. However, in the portion where the second inclined portion is provided, the width in the plate thickness direction of the groove is reduced, so that the weld bead is reduced in size. Also, heat input to the core during welding is reduced.
  • the range affected by heat in the core is reduced as compared with the case where the second inclined portion is not provided, and the temperature rise on the core side is also compared with the case where the second inclined portion is not provided. It is suppressed. As a result, on the core side, heat countermeasures for welding become unnecessary.
  • the inclination angle of the second inclined portion relatively large, the reduction rate of the plate thickness in the header tank is reduced, which is advantageous in terms of securing the strength. Needless to say, a necessary plate thickness should be ensured in the groove portion where the second inclined portion is provided.
  • the thickness of the header tank is set to the first thickness that is set to ensure the required strength, and the second thickness of the reinforcement that accompanies the formation of a fluid passage hole in the header tank.
  • the second inclined portion is provided so as to reduce the thickness of the header tank from the combined thickness of the first and second to the first thickness. preferable.
  • the first plate thickness may be set to an appropriate plate thickness that is equal to or greater than the minimum plate thickness that can resist the tank internal pressure and / or the external pressure under the condition that the through hole is not formed through.
  • the first plate thickness necessary to counter the tank internal pressure and / or external pressure is secured in the groove portion, so that the weld bead is secured while ensuring the necessary strength of the header tank. Miniaturize.
  • the second inclined portion may be provided over the entire periphery of the opening edge of the header tank.
  • the second inclined portion may be provided only at the opening edge portion of the header tank, particularly at a location where it is desired to reduce the thermal effect on the core. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the labor of processing for providing the second inclined portion.
  • the core may be a plate fin type in which a plurality of stacked plates are integrated by brazing.
  • the heat exchanger As described above, according to the heat exchanger, at least a part of the opening edge portion of the header tank is provided with the second inclined portion that is inclined from the outer surface to the inner surface of the header tank.
  • the width in the plate thickness direction is reduced, the weld bead is reduced, and the heat input during welding is also reduced.
  • the range affected by the heat in the core can be reduced and the temperature rise can be suppressed, and the countermeasure for the heat on the core side against welding becomes unnecessary.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view conceptually showing a mounting portion of a header tank in a heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a welded portion of the header tank.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram corresponding to FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing procedure of the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 5A is a conceptual diagram illustrating a preferable angle as the inclination angle of the second inclined portion.
  • FIG. 5B is a conceptual diagram illustrating a preferable inclination angle of the second inclined portion when the groove and the second inclined portion are discontinuous.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing a mounting portion of the header tank 3 in the heat exchanger 1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 includes a core 2 that performs heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid, and a header tank 3 that allows the first or second fluid to flow into or out of the core 2. It is configured. Although only a specific header tank 3 is shown in FIG. 1, the heat exchanger 1 includes at least one header tank different from the header tank 3 shown in the figure.
  • the technique disclosed here can be applied to a core through which three or more kinds of fluids pass.
  • the core 2 is alternately stacked while the first flow path through which the first fluid flows and the second flow path through which the second fluid flows are partitioned by a tube plate as a primary heat transfer surface. Configured. A corrugated fin as an enlarged heat transfer surface may be disposed in the first and / or second flow path.
  • Such a core 2 is comprised by laminating
  • the header tank 3 is attached to the inlet or outlet of the first or second flow path in the core 2.
  • the header tank 3 has a function of dispersing the first or second fluid and flowing into the core 2 or collecting and discharging the first or second fluid flowing out from the core 2.
  • the header tank 3 includes a semi-cylindrical main body 31 having an opening on the lower side and a nozzle 32 attached to the main body 31.
  • a through hole 33 communicating with the nozzle 32 is formed at a location where the nozzle 32 is attached.
  • the header tank 3 is attached to the core 2 by welding the edge of the opening from the outside of the header tank 3 over the entire circumference. Details of this welded structure will be described later.
  • the thickness t of the header tank 3 is resistant to the internal pressure P and / or the external pressure, etc., assuming that the through-hole 33 communicating with the nozzle 32 is not formed. It is set as the sum of the first plate thickness t1 that can be performed and the second plate thickness t2 to compensate for the decrease in strength in the vicinity of the nozzle 32 as the through-hole 33 is formed. .
  • the first plate thickness t1 is appropriately set to be equal to or greater than the minimum plate thickness that can counter the tank internal pressure and / or the external pressure.
  • the header tank 3 is configured to have a constant thickness from the viewpoint of formability.
  • board thickness t1 is ensured, it will become possible to ensure sufficient intensity
  • 1 inclined portion 34 is provided.
  • This groove angle ⁇ 1 can be set in an appropriate range according to welding conditions and the like.
  • a second inclined portion 35 is provided so as to be continuous with the groove 34 thus formed.
  • the second inclined portion 35 is set to have an angle ⁇ 2 larger than the groove angle ⁇ 1 and continues to the outer surface of the header tank 3.
  • the second inclined portion 35 is equivalent to reducing the thickness of the header tank 3 from t to t1, the second inclined portion 35 can be set to an inclination angle ⁇ 2 having a size that does not cause a sudden change in the thickness. preferable.
  • the second inclined portion 35 may be set to an angle ⁇ 2 that is inclined at a length of t2 ⁇ 3 times or more with respect to the decrease t2 in thickness. desirable.
  • the width of the groove 34 in the plate thickness direction is reduced accordingly.
  • the welding of the header tank 3 to the core 2 is performed with the groove portion of the header tank 3 in a state where the opening edge of the header tank 3 is substantially orthogonal to the surface of the core 2.
  • a backing metal may be provided at the welded portion of the header tank 3.
  • the weld bead 36 is reduced in size as the width of the groove 34 in the plate thickness direction becomes smaller.
  • FIG. 3 shows a welding structure in the case where the groove 34 is provided from the inner surface to the outer surface of the header tank 3 without providing the second inclined portion 35.
  • the plate thickness t of the header tank 3 is the same in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the angle ⁇ 1 of the groove 34 is also the same in FIGS.
  • the weld bead 36 is increased in size as the width of the groove 34 in the thickness direction is increased, and the heat input during welding is also increased.
  • the range affected by the heat in the core 2 is increased, and the temperature rise is also increased.
  • the weld bead 36 is reduced in size and heat input during welding is reduced.
  • the range affected by the heat in the core 2 is reduced, and the temperature rise in the core 2 is also suppressed. In this way, it is possible to omit the heat countermeasure in the core 2.
  • the thickness t1 of the header tank 3 is secured at the groove 34, sufficient tank strength can be obtained.
  • providing the second inclined portion 35 in the header tank 3 to reduce the size of the weld bead 36 has an advantage that the welding cost in the core 2 can be reduced. As shown in FIG. 1, since the header tank 3 is attached to the end of the core 2, the desired welding strength can be ensured even when the welding allowance cannot be sufficiently ensured. .
  • the manufacturing procedure of the heat exchanger 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the main body 31 of the header tank 3 is created by performing a bending process etc. so that a board
  • the nozzle 32 of the header tank 3 is created by shaping the pipe material into a predetermined shape.
  • the created main body 31 and the nozzle 32 are joined by welding, whereby the header tank 3 is completed.
  • an opening edge portion of the header tank 3 thus completed is provided with a groove processing and a second inclined portion 35 (step P4).
  • the second inclined portion 35 is provided only in a portion where it is desired to reduce the thermal effect in the core 2. Also good.
  • the second inclined portion 35 may be provided only at the edge portion of the specific side in the opening edge portion of the header tank 3 configured by four sides as a square. Since both the groove 34 and the second inclined portion 35 are processed in a straight line along the opening edge of the header tank 3, they can be formed relatively easily.
  • the core plate 2 is completed by laminating tube plates and the like cut into a predetermined shape and integrating them by brazing.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is completed by welding the header tank 3 to a predetermined portion of the core 2 thus completed (see step P6).
  • the heat exchanger 1 demonstrated here makes the heat input to the core 2 accompanying welding of the header tank 3 as small as possible, especially a large sized heat exchanger, a high-pressure heat exchanger, or high This is effective in the heat exchanger 1, such as a heat exchanger, in which the thickness of the header tank 3 is increased.
  • the second inclined portion 35 is provided continuously to the groove 34.
  • the setting of the inclination angle ⁇ 2 of the second inclined portion 35 is the same as described above.
  • the distance L between the groove 34 and the second inclined portion 35 can be set as appropriate.
  • the core 2 may employ a core having a different configuration in addition to the plate fin type core 2 in which a tube plate or the like is integrated by brazing.
  • the heat exchanger disclosed herein is particularly effective for large heat exchangers, high pressure heat exchangers, or high temperature heat exchangers in which the thickness of the header tank can be increased.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
  • Details Of Heat-Exchange And Heat-Transfer (AREA)
PCT/JP2013/007443 2012-12-26 2013-12-18 熱交換器 Ceased WO2014103253A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/655,683 US9587892B2 (en) 2012-12-26 2013-12-18 Heat exchanger
EP13868315.6A EP2942589B2 (en) 2012-12-26 2013-12-18 Heat exchanger
CN201380067904.XA CN104884888B (zh) 2012-12-26 2013-12-18 热交换器

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2012-282754 2012-12-26
JP2012282754A JP5764116B2 (ja) 2012-12-26 2012-12-26 熱交換器

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014103253A1 true WO2014103253A1 (ja) 2014-07-03

Family

ID=51020374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2013/007443 Ceased WO2014103253A1 (ja) 2012-12-26 2013-12-18 熱交換器

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9587892B2 (enExample)
EP (1) EP2942589B2 (enExample)
JP (1) JP5764116B2 (enExample)
CN (1) CN104884888B (enExample)
WO (1) WO2014103253A1 (enExample)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2557320B (en) * 2016-12-06 2021-10-27 Denso Marston Ltd Heat exchanger
US11346618B1 (en) * 2018-01-22 2022-05-31 Hudson Products Corporation Boxed header for air-cooled heat exchanger
WO2020074119A1 (de) * 2018-10-09 2020-04-16 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum herstellen eines plattenwärmetauschers und plättenwärmetauscher

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5478722U (enExample) * 1977-11-15 1979-06-04
JPS63104888U (enExample) * 1986-12-22 1988-07-07
JP2001030091A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-06 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd 挟開先ｔ継手の構造およびその溶接方法ならびに溶接構造物
JP2002011573A (ja) 2000-06-28 2002-01-15 Kobe Steel Ltd 溶接構造およびそれを備えた熱交換器
JP2009208651A (ja) * 2008-03-05 2009-09-17 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 鉄道車両用パネル及び鉄道車両の台枠、側構体、妻構体、屋根構体
JP2009222306A (ja) * 2008-03-17 2009-10-01 Sumitomo Precision Prod Co Ltd プレートフィン型熱交換器の単位コアとそれを用いる熱交換器の組み立て構造並びに熱交換器の製造方法
JP2012210653A (ja) * 2011-03-18 2012-11-01 Nippon Steel Corp 熱加工制御鋼板の溶接方法

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US3265129A (en) * 1964-06-26 1966-08-09 United Aircraft Corp Heat exchanger construction
GB1253250A (enExample) 1968-09-24 1971-11-10
JPS492271B1 (enExample) * 1970-06-26 1974-01-19
US4150720A (en) * 1976-04-29 1979-04-24 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Heat exchanger
US4624379A (en) * 1985-02-04 1986-11-25 Smithco Engineering Lethal service header box
JPS63104888A (ja) * 1986-10-23 1988-05-10 Daicel Chem Ind Ltd 光情報記録媒体
JP2001221582A (ja) * 2000-02-09 2001-08-17 Kobe Steel Ltd プレートフィン型熱交換器
DE102008014978A1 (de) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-24 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Schweißbadsicherung
US9022100B2 (en) * 2010-11-17 2015-05-05 Denso Marston Ltd. Adjustable tank for bar-plate heat exchanger
US10837720B2 (en) * 2013-11-06 2020-11-17 Trane International Inc. Heat exchanger with aluminum tubes rolled into an aluminum tube support

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5478722U (enExample) * 1977-11-15 1979-06-04
JPS63104888U (enExample) * 1986-12-22 1988-07-07
JP2001030091A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-06 Hitachi Constr Mach Co Ltd 挟開先ｔ継手の構造およびその溶接方法ならびに溶接構造物
JP2002011573A (ja) 2000-06-28 2002-01-15 Kobe Steel Ltd 溶接構造およびそれを備えた熱交換器
JP2009208651A (ja) * 2008-03-05 2009-09-17 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd 鉄道車両用パネル及び鉄道車両の台枠、側構体、妻構体、屋根構体
JP2009222306A (ja) * 2008-03-17 2009-10-01 Sumitomo Precision Prod Co Ltd プレートフィン型熱交換器の単位コアとそれを用いる熱交換器の組み立て構造並びに熱交換器の製造方法
JP2012210653A (ja) * 2011-03-18 2012-11-01 Nippon Steel Corp 熱加工制御鋼板の溶接方法

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Title
See also references of EP2942589A4

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2942589A4 (en) 2016-11-23
JP5764116B2 (ja) 2015-08-12
CN104884888A (zh) 2015-09-02
EP2942589B2 (en) 2025-11-19
US20150345876A1 (en) 2015-12-03
EP2942589A1 (en) 2015-11-11
CN104884888B (zh) 2017-02-22
EP2942589B1 (en) 2018-02-21
JP2014126258A (ja) 2014-07-07
US9587892B2 (en) 2017-03-07

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