WO2014082375A1 - 一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法及摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机 - Google Patents

一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法及摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014082375A1
WO2014082375A1 PCT/CN2013/001448 CN2013001448W WO2014082375A1 WO 2014082375 A1 WO2014082375 A1 WO 2014082375A1 CN 2013001448 W CN2013001448 W CN 2013001448W WO 2014082375 A1 WO2014082375 A1 WO 2014082375A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
rolling
roller
raceway
telescopic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/001448
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘素华
Original Assignee
Liu Suhua
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liu Suhua filed Critical Liu Suhua
Priority to CA2892409A priority Critical patent/CA2892409C/en
Priority to EA201591037A priority patent/EA201591037A1/ru
Priority to NZ709435A priority patent/NZ709435A/en
Priority to MX2015006608A priority patent/MX2015006608A/es
Priority to US14/647,133 priority patent/US20150315909A1/en
Priority to EP13859080.7A priority patent/EP2927422A4/en
Priority to AU2013351848A priority patent/AU2013351848A1/en
Publication of WO2014082375A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014082375A1/zh
Priority to AU2018256623A priority patent/AU2018256623A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C31/00—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
    • E21C31/10—Driving means incorporated in machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam for slewing parts of the machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
    • E02F3/181—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels including a conveyor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
    • E21C27/20—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting
    • E21C27/24—Mineral freed by means not involving slitting by milling means acting on the full working face, i.e. the rotary axis of the tool carrier being substantially parallel to the working face
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/4984—Retaining clearance for motion between assembled parts
    • Y10T29/49842—Between tube-forming helical coils

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of mining or loading, and particularly relates to a method for parallel setting of a rolling arm rolling friction stretching section and a parallel setting of a mining machine or a loader in a rolling section of the rocker arm.
  • the sliding telescopic guide has large gravity and large reciprocating wear. It is prone to crawling and shaking when working. In severe cases, the sliding friction surface will be stuck and burned. The most important thing is that the friction surface is not easy to form a uniform lubricating oil film due to the special working environment.
  • many manufacturers do not use the telescopic rocker arm, and the rocker arm does not allow the rocker arm to move relative to the body to seriously reduce the efficiency and adaptability.
  • some slides are shortened. Shortening the slideway causes problems such as short expansion distance of the rocker arm, small range of mining or loading and retrieving, poor adaptability, and low work efficiency. If the rocker arm is not moved relative to the body, the efficiency and adaptability are more seriously reduced.
  • the present invention not only uses rolling friction to reduce wear and reduce frictional resistance, but more particularly, the rolling stroke segments of the roller are arranged in parallel, so a method for parallel setting of the rolling friction rolling section of the rocker arm and shaking is proposed.
  • the mining machine or loader is arranged in parallel with the arm rolling stroke.
  • the rocker rolling stroke section is arranged in parallel with the mining machine or the loader, including the rocker arm, the fuselage, the working head, etc.
  • the rocker arm comprises a front roller, a rear roller, a front roller raceway, a rear roller raceway, a telescopic arm, a telescopic support arm, etc.
  • the front roller raceway is disposed on the telescopic arm or disposed on the telescopic support arm
  • the rear roller raceway is disposed on the telescopic support arm or disposed on the telescopic arm or disposed on
  • the front roller is disposed on the telescopic support arm or on the telescopic arm
  • the rear roller is disposed on the telescopic arm or on the telescopic support arm
  • the front roller raceway is arranged in parallel with the rear roller raceway.
  • the roller rolls in the front roller raceway, and the rear roller rolls in the rear roller raceway.
  • the front roller and the rear roller cooperate with the rolling friction support telescopic arm to roll and contract on the telescopic support arm, and the working head is connected with the telescopic arm, and the telescopic arm drives the working head.
  • Telescopic, telescopic support arm is connected to the fuselage.
  • the invention also includes the following method for parallel setting of the rolling arm rolling friction stretching stroke segments, specifically:
  • Step 1 Set the front roller, rear roller, front roller raceway, rear roller raceway, telescopic arm, telescopic support arm, etc.
  • the front roller raceway is disposed on the telescopic arm or on the telescopic support arm, etc.
  • the rear roller raceway is disposed on the telescopic support arm or on the telescopic arm or on the fuselage, etc.
  • the front roller is disposed on the telescopic support
  • the arm is disposed on the telescopic arm
  • the rear roller is disposed on the telescopic arm or on the telescopic support arm
  • the front roller raceway is arranged in parallel with the rear roller raceway to roll the front roller in the front roller raceway.
  • Step 2 Set the working head, connect the working head to the telescopic arm, and the telescopic arm drives the working head to expand and contract.
  • the third step connecting the telescopic support arm to the fuselage, and providing a walking device at the lower part of the fuselage, the walking device drives the body to walk.
  • Method 2
  • the fixed wheel raceway is arranged along the direction of the traveling wheel raceway, and the fixed wheel raceway is fastened to the fixed wheel, so that the traveling wheel raceway and the fixed wheel raceway partially or completely coincide, the fixed wheel and the walking wheel
  • the partial rolling stroke section or the entire rolling stroke section coincides, shortening the length set before and after the fixed wheel raceway and the traveling wheel raceway, reducing the length of the rocker arm under the same telescopic distance condition, and shortening the working arm of the working head to twist the fuselage.
  • the working head includes a tumble or reciprocating impact head or a bucket or bucket or a pick roller or a crushing head or a reciprocating impact head combined with a bucket or a combination of a tumbler and a bucket or a combination of a tumbler and a reciprocating impact head.
  • the rocker arm comprises a rolling rocker arm or a reciprocating impact head rocker arm or a digging loading rocker arm or a rolling rocker arm combined with a reciprocating impact head rocker arm or a reciprocating impact head rocker arm and a bucket rocker arm combination.
  • the front roller comprises a fixed wheel
  • the rear roller comprises a walking wheel
  • the front roller raceway comprises a fixed wheel raceway
  • the rear roller raceway comprises a walking wheel raceway
  • the fixed wheel raceway is connected with the telescopic arm separately or is integrated.
  • the walking wheel raceway and the telescopic support arm are connected separately or in one piece.
  • the front end of the telescopic support arm is provided with a fixed wheel, the fixed wheel rolls in the fixed wheel raceway, the walking wheel rolls in the traveling wheel raceway, and the walking wheel is fixed at the rear of the telescopic arm
  • the fixed wheel raceway is arranged in parallel with the traveling wheel raceway, and the fixed wheel and the traveling wheel part of the rolling stroke section or all the rolling stroke sections coincide, shortening the length set before and after the fixed wheel raceway and the walking wheel raceway, and the same expansion and contraction distance reduces the shaking
  • the length of the arm reduce the volume height of the rocker arm, and shorten the force arm that damages the fuselage.
  • the fixed wheel raceway comprises a fixed wheel groove
  • the telescopic arm comprises a rolling telescopic arm
  • the telescopic support arm comprises a rolling telescopic support arm
  • the fixed wheel groove and the rolling telescopic arm are connected separately or integrated
  • the telescopic support arm is
  • the rear roller comprises a sliding hole roller
  • the traveling wheel rolling track comprises a sliding hole rolling groove
  • the sliding hole roller is rolled in the sliding hole rolling groove
  • the sliding hole roller is fixed at the rear of the rolling telescopic arm
  • the sliding hole rolling grooves are arranged in parallel.
  • the outer surface of the rear roller is provided with a concave surface or a convex surface.
  • the rear roller raceway corresponds to The ground surface is provided with a convex surface facing the concave surface of the rear roller, and when the outer surface of the rear roller is provided with a convex surface, the rear roller raceway is correspondingly provided with a concave facing telescopic arm which is engaged with the convex surface of the rear roller. Scrolling guide.
  • the front roller and the rear roller are disposed between the telescopic arm and the telescopic support arm to form a rolling guide device, and the rolling guiding device comprises a guard member for preventing mud, water, dust or material from entering the inside of the rolling guide device, the guard member and the fixed wheel
  • the grooved groove is snap-fitted or integrated.
  • the front roller raceway includes a U-shaped raceway or a square raceway or a circular raceway or a C-shaped raceway or a [shaped raceway or an H-shaped raceway.
  • the rocker arm is hinged to the fuselage by a rotation limit hinge shaft or connected by a rotating structure, and the hinge or the rotation joint is provided with a rotation limit structure, and the rotation limit structure includes a rotation limit table and a body block Rotary table, etc., the rotation limit table rotates around the rotating structure or rotates around the limit hinge axis.
  • the rotation limit table rotates to the telescopic support arm and the working head is about to collide with the blade
  • the body rotation table and the rotation limit table Closely, the fuselage block rotates the rotation limit stop to continue to rotate, and limits the rotation angle of the rocker to limit its continued fall, so that the rocker arm and the work head and the blade always maintain a reasonable safety clearance.
  • the fuselage includes a shovel frame, a fuselage frame, a blade controller, etc., the shovel frame and the fuselage frame are hinged or the shovel frame and the fuselage frame are connected by a rotating structure, and one end of the shovel controller is disposed in the body On the shelf, the other end is placed on the shovel frame, and the blade controller drives the shovel to rotate in one direction or multi-directionally.
  • the fuselage and/or rocker arm includes a baffle discharge device including a plate discharge device or a fork discharge device or a brush discharge device or a tooth discharge device.
  • the front roller includes a roller or a waist drum or a multi-directional wheel.
  • the rear roller includes an alloy steel roller or an ordinary steel roller or a polymer material roller or a rubber roller or a ceramic roller.
  • the blade controller is disposed at an upper portion of the fuselage, and the body includes a blade controller bracket, and one end of the blade controller is hinged on the blade controller bracket or connected to the blade controller bracket through a rotating structure, and the other end is
  • the shovel frame connection, the shovel frame and the fuselage frame connection are arranged at the lower part of the fuselage, and the shovel controller support at the upper part of the fuselage is larger than the shovel controller at the connection of the shovel frame and the fuselage frame.
  • the rear roller raceway comprises an anti-sway rolling groove
  • the rear roller comprises an anti-swaying roller
  • the anti-swaying rolling groove is connected or fixedly connected with the fuselage body
  • the anti-swinging roller linearly reciprocates in the anti-swaying rolling groove to support the telescopic arm rolling Frictional expansion and contraction
  • the anti-swing roller restricts the telescopic arm from swinging left and right.
  • the rear roller raceway includes an anti-sway rolling groove
  • the front roller raceway includes a lifting rolling groove, an anti-sway rolling groove and a lifting rolling groove
  • the split bodies are arranged in parallel or integrated, the front roller is a lifting roller, the rear roller is an anti-swing roller, the lifting roller rolls in the lifting roller groove, the anti-swing roller rolls in the anti-sway rolling groove, and the rocker arm is hinged or shaken with the body.
  • the arm and the body are connected by a rotating structure, and the anti-swaying roller restricts the non-directional swing of the telescopic arm to the left and right, and drives the telescopic support arm to lift and lower by the lifting roller, reduces the height of the anti-swaying groove and the lifting roller groove, and reduces the volume of the rocker arm.
  • the height, the lifting groove and/or the anti-swaying groove are guided to the rocker arm.
  • the rotation limit limiting structure forms a tilt angle of the rocker arm with respect to the ground, the tilting angle causes the working head not to collide with the blade, and the tilting angle is lower than the blade when the rocker arm extends the working head to the upper part of the blade. Mining, milling, loading or crushing materials on the front of the blade.
  • the fuselage includes a shovel frame, and the shovel frame on the lower part of the rocker arm is provided with a shovel frame limit pedestal.
  • the shovel frame limit pedestal will fall when the rocker arm and the working head fall to be collided with the shovel
  • the telescopic support arm is lifted to prevent the rocker arm and the working head from falling into collision with the blade.
  • the shovel frame limiting bracket is provided with a buffering member, and the buffering member absorbs the impact force when the rocker arm falls.
  • the cushioning member comprises a rubber cushion or a spring cushion or a polyurethane cushion or a nylon cushion or a polymer material cushion.
  • the working head includes a roll, the roll includes a molar, a toothed cylinder, etc., and the length of the tooth tip to the center line of the crown is larger than the radius of the crown.
  • the molars are hoes or hoes or teeth or hammers or axes or hoes or a combination of various types.
  • the rotating structure comprises a ball head slot type, an arc type buckle groove type, a flexible universal joint joint head, a universal joint bearing joint head, a universal joint coupling head, a joint bearing joint head or a ball type hinge mechanism Wait.
  • the body includes a rotating disk, the rotating disk includes a rotating inner disk, a rotating outer disk, etc., and the rotating inner disk rotates relative to the rotating outer disk.
  • the rotating inner disk When the rotating inner disk is fixed on the body, the rotating outer disk rotates relative to the rotating inner disk, and when the rotating outer disk is fixed on the machine
  • the body rotates the inner disk relative to the rotating outer disk, and one end of the rocker arm is connected to the rotating rotating inner disk or to the rotating rotating outer disk, the body includes a rotating disk rotation control member, and the rotating disk rotation control member drives the rotating inner disk to rotate or drive the rotating outer disk.
  • Rotating, one end of the telescopic arm control member is connected to the rotating rotating inner disk or to the rotating rotating outer disk, and the other end is connected to the telescopic arm, and the rocker arm rotates with the rotating disk to increase the mining and/or loading range.
  • the rocker arm or the fuselage comprises a left and right movement control member
  • the telescopic arm comprises a telescopic section, a supporting working head section
  • the telescopic section is hinged with the supporting working head section
  • the hinge shaft is disposed perpendicular to the ground, and one end of the telescopic control member and the body are rotated
  • the structure is connected or connected to the telescopic support arm, and the other end is connected to the telescopic section.
  • the rocker arm and/or the body includes a tumble driving device, the tumbler includes a caries, a pinion cylinder, etc., the tumble driving device includes a motor or a motor, and the motor or the motor is disposed in the carton or the caries Outside the tube.
  • the roll drive device includes an actuator including a gear drive or a belt drive or a sprocket drive or a sheave drive or the like.
  • the front roller comprises a fixed wheel outer wheel and a fixed wheel axle, and the fixed wheel outer wheel is connected to the fixed wheel shaft separately or in an integrated manner.
  • the telescopic support arm is hinged to the fuselage or connected to the fuselage through a rotating structure or fixedly connected to the fuselage or the like.
  • the rotary disk rotation control member includes a telescopic cylinder or a gear and a rack or a rope and a rope reel or a telescopic cylinder or a sprocket and a chain.
  • the airframe includes a rocker arm lifting controller, and the lifting controller controls the rocker arm to rise and lower.
  • the lifting controller includes a lifting cylinder or a gear and a rack or a rope and a rope reel or a lifting cylinder or a sprocket and a chain.
  • the rotating disk includes a multi-layer rotating disk including a lower rotating disk, an upper rotating disk, and the like.
  • the lower rotating disk is provided with a rolling rocker arm
  • the upper rotating disk is provided with a reciprocating impact head rocker arm
  • the lower rotating disk drives the rolling rocker arm to rotate left and right and/or up and down
  • the upper rotating disk drives the reciprocating impact head rocker arm up and down and / or left and right rotation
  • the rolling rocker arm and the reciprocating impact head rocker arm cooperate with multi-directional and multi-angle mining and loading materials.
  • the method for parallel setting of the rolling friction rolling section of the rocker arm and the rolling section of the rocker arm are arranged in parallel with the mining machine or the loader, and have the following advantages:
  • the front roller raceway is arranged in parallel with the rear roller raceway.
  • the front roller rolls in the front roller raceway, and the rear roller rolls in the rear roller raceway.
  • the front roller and the rear roller The roller fits through the rolling friction to support the rocker arm expansion and contraction, which improves the movement efficiency and flexibility of the rocker arm to adapt to mining and/or loading various materials, increases the mining and/or loading range, and enables the rocker arm to be flexibly extracted and/or loaded.
  • the fixed wheel raceway is arranged in parallel with the traveling wheel raceway.
  • the fixed wheel and the traveling wheel partially overlap the rolling stroke section or all the rolling stroke sections, shortening the length set before and after the fixed wheel raceway and the traveling wheel raceway, so that the same expansion and contraction
  • the distance reduces the length of the rocker arm, reduces the volume height of the rocker arm, shortens the force arm that twists and damages the fuselage, reduces the use of raw materials, makes the whole machine design more reasonable and compact, and is safer and more reliable when working. Flexible.
  • the sliding hole roller rolls in the sliding hole rolling groove, and the sliding hole roller is fixed at the rear of the rolling telescopic arm.
  • the fixed wheel groove is arranged in parallel with the sliding hole rolling groove. When the large material is lifted by the rolling telescopic arm, it is fixed. The wheel groove lifts the fixed wheel to pull up the roll telescopic support arm, and the slide hole roller and the fixed wheel support and pull the roll telescopic arm to lift.
  • the outer surface of the front roller is provided with a concave surface or a convex surface.
  • the front roller raceway is correspondingly provided.
  • the convex surface that is engaged with the concave surface of the front roller faces the telescopic arm rolling guide.
  • the front roller raceway is correspondingly provided with a concave surface facing the convex surface of the front roller, and is guided by the telescopic arm.
  • the outer surface of the roller is provided with a concave surface or a convex surface.
  • the rear roller raceway is correspondingly provided with a convex surface facing the concave surface of the rear roller, and the outer surface of the rear roller is provided.
  • the H-shaped telescopic arm rolling guide is arranged correspondingly to the rear roller raceway, so that the roller rolls in the corresponding raceway, effectively restricting the rolling direction of the roller, and controlling the telescopic direction of the telescopic arm.
  • the rocker arm and the fuselage are hinged by a rotating limit hinge shaft or connected by a rotating structure, and a hinged limit structure is arranged at a hinge or a joint thereof, and the rotation limit table rotates around the rotating structure or around the limit hinge shaft, and the rotation limit
  • the body stop plate and the rotation limit table are in close contact with each other, and the body bucking block blocks the rotation limit table from continuing to rotate, by limiting the rotation angle of the rocker arm. It continues to fall, keeping the rocker arm and the working head and the shovel always at a reasonable safety gap.
  • the front roller raceway rear roller track rotates around the front roller to lower the working head below the blade height and/or load.
  • the shovel frame and the fuselage frame are hinged or the shovel frame and the fuselage frame are connected by a rotating structure, one end of the shovel controller is disposed on the fuselage frame, and the other end is disposed on the shovel frame, and the shovel controller drives the shovel
  • the rotary lifting or multi-directional rotary lifting further improves the ability of the mining machine or loader to be suitable for mining and/or loading materials of different heights.
  • the shovel controller drives the shovel to move up and down and/or to the left and right movements connected to the shovel frame.
  • the shovel frame drives the rocker arm and the shovel to move up and down and/or left and right to prevent the shovel or rocker from working separately.
  • the blade hits the rocker arm and the working head.
  • the baffle unloading device avoids the occurrence of failures such as rolling and throwing materials into the fuselage and the console.
  • One end of the blade controller is hinged on the blade controller bracket or connected to the blade controller bracket through a rotating structure, and the other end is connected to the blade frame, and the blade frame and the fuselage frame are connected at the lower part of the fuselage, the body
  • the length of the upper blade controller bracket is greater than the length of the blade bracket and the fuselage frame connection, and the length of the blade controller bracket is the distance between the blade frame and the fuselage frame when the blade controller is disposed at the lower part of the fuselage frame. Pulling the blade lift arm, the blade controller drives the blade frame, and the blade frame drives the blade to lift, reducing power consumption and the number of blade controllers.
  • the anti-swing rolling groove is connected or fixedly connected to the fuselage body, and the anti-swaying roller on the telescopic arm is fastened to the anti-swing rolling groove, and the anti-swinging roller linearly reciprocates in the anti-swaying rolling groove to support the telescopic arm rolling friction expansion and contraction.
  • the anti-swing roller limits the left and right swing of the telescopic arm, making the telescopic arm lift more smoothly.
  • the lifting groove is fastened on the anti-swaying groove, the lifting roller rolls in the lifting groove, and the anti-swaying roller is in the anti-swaying groove
  • the rocker arm is hinged to the fuselage or connected to the fuselage through the rotating structure.
  • the anti-swing roller restricts the telescopic arm from swinging left and right and the telescopic support arm is lifted and lowered by the lifting roller, reducing the anti-swaying groove and the lifting roller groove
  • the height of the set, the volume height of the rocker arm is lowered, the anti-swinging roller also drives the rocker arm to lift, the lifting roller groove and/or the anti-swaying rolling groove guide the rocker arm, the lifting roller cooperates with the anti-swinging roller, and the rocker arm rolling is enlarged
  • the rotation limit limiting structure causes the rocker arm to form an inclination angle with respect to the ground, the inclination angle causes the working head not to collide with the blade, and the inclination angle is lower than the blade when the rocker arm extends the working head to the upper part of the blade, so as to Mining, crushing, milling or loading of the front of the blade.
  • the shovel frame on the lower part of the rocker arm is provided with a shovel frame limit pedestal.
  • the shovel frame limit pedestal holds the telescopic support arm when the rocker arm falls to the rocker arm and the working head is about to collide with the shovel
  • the arm and the working head and the shovel always maintain a reasonable safety clearance to prevent the rocker arm and the working head from falling into collision with the shovel.
  • the shovel frame limit table is provided with a cushioning member, etc., the shock absorbing member absorbs the impact force when the rocker arm falls, and reduces the impact damage of the rocker arm falling on the shovel frame limit table, etc., and reduces the impact noise. working environment.
  • the length of the tooth tip of the tooth to the center line of the tooth cylinder is larger than the radius of the tooth cylinder, making it easier for the tooth to pick up the material.
  • the shape of the molars is like a taro shape, which facilitates the incorporation of materials of different particle sizes into the conveying device, thereby improving the ability of the rolling to disperse the scattered materials.
  • One end of the telescopic arm control member is connected to the rotating rotating inner disk or to the rotating rotating outer disk, and the other end is connected with the telescopic arm, and the rocker arm rotates with the rotating disk to increase the mining and/or loading range, thereby improving the efficiency of mining and armoring materials.
  • the telescopic section is hinged to the supporting working head section, and the hinge shaft is disposed perpendicular to the ground.
  • One end of the telescopic control member is connected with the rotating structure or connected to the telescopic support arm, and the other end is connected with the telescopic section, and one end of the left and right movement control member passes through the rotating structure and
  • the fuselage is connected or connected to the telescopic support arm or connected to the telescopic section, and the other end is connected with the support working head section, and the left and right movement control members drive the supporting working head section to move left and right, and the left and right movement control parts drive the supporting working head section to move left and right.
  • the motor or motor is placed in the cylinder to make the structure simple and compact, and it is beneficial to protect the motor or motor with a cylinder.
  • the fixed wheel outer wheel and the fixed wheel axle are integrated and have high structural strength and small maintenance.
  • the combination of the rolling rocker arm and the reciprocating impact head rocker arm or the reciprocating impact head rocker arm and the bucket rocker arm is more efficient than the use of the roll rocker arm or the reciprocating impact head rocker arm or the excavation loading rocker arm alone.
  • the rotating disc is set as a multi-layer rotating disc, and the multi-layer rotating disc comprises a lower rotating disc and an upper rotating disc.
  • the lower rotating disc is provided with a rolling rocker arm
  • the upper rotating disc is provided with a reciprocating impact head rocker arm
  • the lower rotating disc is driven by a rolling rocker.
  • the arm rotates left and right and/or up and down
  • the upper rotating disc drives the reciprocating impact head rocker arm up and down and/or left and right, and the rolling rocker arm and the reciprocating impact head
  • the rocker arm cooperates with multi-directional and multi-angle mining and loading materials, and the working head on the multi-layer rotating disc simultaneously improves the working efficiency of the comprehensive operation of the equipment.
  • the front roller and the rear roller are arranged to form a rolling guide between the telescopic arm and the telescopic support arm, and the rolling guide device is provided with a guarding member for preventing mud, water, dust or material from entering the inside of the rolling guide device, and guiding the rolling
  • the device is more reliable and stable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a mining machine or a loader disposed in parallel in a rolling stroke section of a rocker arm in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the mining machine or the loader disposed in parallel in the rolling stroke section of the rocker arm in Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the rocker arm of the mining machine or the loader in parallel in the rolling section of the rocker arm in the embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the reciprocating impact head of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling section of the rocker arm in the second embodiment.
  • Figure 5 is a front view of the roll of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling section of the rocker arm in Embodiment 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a rocker arm of a mining machine or a loader disposed in parallel with a rolling stroke of a rocker arm in Embodiment 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rocker arm of a mining machine or a loader disposed in parallel in a rolling stroke section of the rocker arm in Embodiment 3;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling stroke section of the rocker arm in the fourth embodiment;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 8 in Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing another structure of the rocker rolling section in parallel with the mining machine or the loader;
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling section of the rocker arm in the sixth embodiment;
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 12 in the embodiment 6;
  • Figure 14 is a front elevational view showing the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling section of the rocker arm in Embodiment 7;
  • Figure 15 is a front elevational view showing the mining machine or the loader disposed in parallel in the rolling stroke section of the rocker arm in Embodiment 8;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the shifting and unloading device of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling section of the rocker arm in the embodiment 9;
  • Figure 17 is a front view showing the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling section of the rocker arm in the embodiment 10;
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling stroke of the rocker arm in the eleventh embodiment.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling section of the rocker arm in the embodiment 12;
  • Figure 20 is the shovel frame limit setting of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling section of the rocker arm in the thirteenth embodiment.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view of a rolling mill in which the rocker rolling section of the embodiment 14 is disposed in parallel with the mining machine or the loader;
  • Figure 22 is another rolling of the rocker rolling section in parallel with the mining machine or the loader.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the structure of the rotary disk of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling stroke of the rocker arm in the embodiment 15;
  • Figure 24 is a rotary disk of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling stroke of the rocker arm in the embodiment 15;
  • Figure 25 is a schematic view showing a structure of a mining machine or a loader in parallel with a rolling stroke of a rocker arm in Embodiment 16;
  • Figure 26 is a schematic view showing the multi-layer rotating disk of the mining machine or the loader in parallel with the rolling section of the rocker arm in the embodiment 17;
  • Fig. 1 1, the rocker arm; 2. the fuselage; 3. the front roller; 4.
  • the mining machine or the loader is arranged in parallel with the rolling stroke section of the rocker arm, and the rolling stroke section is arranged in parallel with the mining machine or the loader having the rocker arm 1 .
  • the rocker arm 1 mainly comprises a front roller 3, a rear roller 4, a front roller raceway 5, a rear roller raceway 6, a telescopic arm 7, a telescopic support arm 8, and the like, the front roller roller
  • the track 5 is disposed on the telescopic arm 7, the rear roller raceway 6 is disposed on the telescopic support arm 8, the front roller 3 is disposed on the telescopic support arm 8, and the rear roller 4 is disposed on the telescopic arm 7, the front roller raceway 5 and the rear
  • the roller races 6 are arranged in parallel, the front roller 3 rolls in the front roller raceway 5, the rear roller 4 rolls in the rear roller raceway 6, and the front roller 3 and the rear roller 4 cooperate to support the telescopic arm 7 on the telescopic support arm by rolling friction.
  • the traveling device at the lower part of the fuselage drives the rocker arm and the working head to work continuously.
  • the front roller race 5 may also be disposed on the telescopic support arm 8 or the like.
  • the rear roller raceway 6 can also be disposed on the telescopic arm 7 or on the body 2 or the like.
  • the front roller 3 can also be disposed on the telescopic arm 7 or the like.
  • the rear roller 4 can also be disposed on the telescopic support arm 8 or the like.
  • the front roller 3 includes a roller or a waist drum or a multi-directional wheel or the like.
  • the rear roller 4 includes an alloy steel roller or an ordinary steel roller or a polymer material roller or a rubber roller or a ceramic roller.
  • the telescopic support arm 8 is hinged to the body 2 or connected to the body 2 via a rotating structure or fixedly connected to the body 2.
  • the front roller raceway 5 includes a U-shaped raceway or a square raceway or a circular raceway or a C-shaped raceway or a [shaped raceway or an H-shaped raceway.
  • the rear roller 4 is rolled in the rear roller raceway 6, so that the front roller 3 and the rear roller 4 cooperate with the rolling friction support telescopic arm ⁇ to roll and contract on the telescopic support arm 8.
  • the second step setting the working head 9, connecting the working head 9 with the telescopic arm 7, and the telescopic arm 7 driving the working head 9 to expand and contract.
  • Step 3 The telescopic support arm 8 is connected to the body 2, and a traveling device is arranged at the lower part of the body 2, and the traveling device drives the body 2 to walk.
  • the front roller 3 is set as the fixed wheel 15, the rear roller 4 is set as the traveling wheel 16, the front roller raceway 5 is set as the fixed wheel raceway 17, and the rear roller raceway 6 is set as the traveling wheel 17 and the traveling wheel raceway 18 arranged in parallel, the fixed wheel raceway 17 is arranged along the raceway 18 in the direction of the traveling wheel raceway 18, the fixed wheel raceway is arranged, and the fixed wheel raceway 17 is fastened to the fixed wheel 15, so that the traveling wheel raceway 18 and The fixed wheel raceway 17 partially or completely overlaps, and the fixed wheel 15 and the partial rolling stroke section or all the rolling stroke sections of the traveling wheel 16 are overlapped, and the lengths of the fixed wheel raceway 17 and the traveling wheel raceway 18 are shortened before and after the same.
  • the length of the rocker arm 1 is reduced in the distance condition, and the force arm of the body 2 that twists the body 2 is shortened.
  • the mining machine or the loader is disposed in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in the second embodiment.
  • the working head 9 includes the tumbler 11 or the reciprocating impact.
  • the head 10 or the bucket or bucket or the pick-up drum or the crushing head or the reciprocating impact head 10 is combined with the bucket or the combination of the shovel 11 and the shovel or the shovel 11 is combined with the reciprocating impact head 10 or the like. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the mining machine or the loader is arranged in parallel for the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in the third embodiment.
  • the rocker arm 1 includes the rolling rocker arm 12 or The reciprocating impact head rocker arm 13 or the excavation loading rocker arm 14 or the tumbler rocker arm 12 is combined with the reciprocating impact head rocker arm 13 or the reciprocating impact head rocker arm 13 and the bucket rocker arm combination or the like. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the mining machine or the loader is disposed in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in the fourth embodiment.
  • the front roller 3 includes the fixed wheel 15, the rear roller. 4 includes a traveling wheel 16, the front roller raceway 5 includes a fixed wheel raceway 17, the rear roller raceway 6 includes a traveling wheel raceway 18, the fixed wheel raceway 17 is connected to the telescopic arm 7 in a separate body, the traveling wheel raceway 18 and the telescopic
  • the support arm 8 is connected separately, and the front end of the telescopic support arm 8 is provided with a fixed wheel 15, the fixed wheel 15 rolls in the fixed wheel raceway 17, the traveling wheel 16 rolls in the traveling wheel raceway 18, and the traveling wheel 16 is fixed behind the telescopic arm 7
  • the fixed wheel raceway 17 is disposed in parallel with the traveling wheel raceway 18, and the fixed wheel 15 coincides with a partial rolling stroke section or all rolling stroke sections of the traveling wheel 16, and shortens the fixed wheel raceway 17 and the traveling wheel raceway 18 The length, the
  • the fixed wheel raceway 17 and the telescopic arm 7 can also be integrated.
  • the traveling wheel raceway 18 and the telescopic support arm 8 can also be integrated.
  • the mining machine or the loader is provided in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in the fifth embodiment.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is that the fixed wheel race 17 includes the fixed wheel groove 19
  • the telescopic arm 7 includes a tumbler telescopic arm 20, and the telescopic support arm 8 includes a tumbler telescopic support arm 21, and the fixed wheel groove 19 is connected to the tumbler telescopic arm 20, and the retracting support arm 8 is provided with a traveling wheel raceway 18,
  • the roller 4 includes a sliding hole roller 22, and the traveling wheel raceway 18 includes a sliding hole rolling groove 23, and the sliding hole roller 22 rolls in the sliding hole rolling groove 23, and the sliding hole roller 22 is fixed at the rear of the rolling telescopic arm 20, and the fixed wheel groove 19 is disposed in parallel with the sliding hole rolling groove 23, when the large piece of material lifts the rolling telescopic arm 20, the fixing wheel groove 19 lifts the fixing wheel 15 to pull up the rolling telescopic support arm 21, the sliding hole roller 22 and the fixed wheel 15 support and pull
  • the outer surface of the rear roller 4 is provided with a concave surface 24 or a convex surface 25.
  • the rear roller raceway 6 is correspondingly provided with a convex surface 25 which is engaged with the concave surface 24 of the rear roller 4.
  • the telescopic arm 7 is guided by rolling, and when the outer surface of the rear roller 4 is provided with a convex surface 25 ⁇ , the rear roller raceway 6 is correspondingly provided with a concave surface 24 that is engaged with the convex surface 25 of the rear roller 4 to guide the telescopic arm 7.
  • the fixed wheel groove 19 and the roll telescopic arm 20 can also be integrated.
  • the mining machine or the loader is disposed in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in the embodiment 6, and the difference from the first embodiment is that the front roller 3 and the rear roller 4 are disposed in the telescopic manner.
  • a rolling guide 26 is formed between the arm 7 and the telescopic support arm 8, and the rolling guide 26 includes a guard 27 that prevents mud, water, dust or material from entering the interior of the rolling guide 26.
  • the front roller 3 includes a fixed outer wheel 28 and a fixed axle 29, and the fixed outer wheel 28 is connected to the fixed axle 29 in a separate manner.
  • the fixed wheel outer wheel 28 and the fixed wheel axle 29 may also be integral.
  • the mining machine or the loader is arranged in parallel for the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in Embodiment 7, and the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the rocker arm 1 and the body 2 pass the rotation limit hinge shaft.
  • the hinge or the rotation joint is provided with a rotation stop structure 31,
  • the rotation limit structure 31 includes a rotation limit table 32, a fuselage rotation table 33, etc.
  • the rotation limit table 32 is wound around the limit hinge
  • the body stop 33 is in close contact with the rotation limit table 32, and the body stop 33 blocks the rotation.
  • the limit table 32 continues to rotate, and by restricting the rotation angle of the rocker arm 1 to limit its continued fall, the rocker arm 1 and the working head 9 and the blade 34 are always maintained at a reasonable safety gap.
  • the rotation stop structure 31 forms an inclination angle of the rocker arm 1 with respect to the ground, and the inclination angle causes the work head 9 not to collide with the blade 34.
  • the inclination angle of the rocker arm 1 causes the work head 9 to protrude from the blade 34.
  • the upper part is lower than the shovel 34, and the material of the front part of the shovel 34 is mined, milled, loaded or broken.
  • a mining machine or a loader is disposed in parallel with the rocker rolling stroke section shown in Embodiment 8, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the body 2 includes a blade frame 36 and a body frame 37.
  • the blade controller 38 and the like, the blade frame 36 is hinged to the fuselage frame 37, the blade controller 38 is disposed at the end of the fuselage frame 37, and the other end is disposed on the blade frame 36, and the blade controller 38 is driven.
  • the shovel 34 is unidirectionally rotated up and down or multi-directionally rotated.
  • Example 9 As shown in FIG. 16, the mining machine or the loader is arranged in parallel for the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in Embodiment 9, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the fuselage 2 and/or the rocker arm 1 include a stopper.
  • the device 39, the baffle discharge device 39 includes a plate discharge device 39 or a fork discharge device 39 or a brush discharge device 39 or a tooth discharge device 39.
  • a mining machine or a loader is disposed in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in Embodiment 10.
  • the blade controller 38 is disposed at the upper portion of the body 2.
  • the body 2 is provided with a blade controller bracket 40.
  • the blade controller 38 is hinged to the blade controller bracket 40, and the other end is connected to the blade frame 36.
  • the blade frame 36 is connected to the body frame 37 at the end.
  • the blade controller bracket 40 on the upper part of the fuselage 2 is greater than the force arm at the junction of the blade frame 36 and the fuselage frame 37, and is greater than the blade controller when the blade controller is disposed at the lower part of the fuselage frame.
  • a force arm at the junction of the frame and the fuselage frame, the blade controller 38 drives the blade frame 36, and the blade frame 36 drives the blade 34 to lift and lower, reducing power consumption and the number of the blade controller 38.
  • the blade controller 38-end can also be coupled to the blade controller bracket 40 via a rotating structure.
  • a mining machine or a loader is disposed in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in Embodiment 11, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the rear roller race 6 includes an anti-sway rolling groove 41, and thereafter
  • the roller 4 includes an anti-swaying roller 42.
  • the anti-swaying roller groove 41 is connected to the body 2 separately.
  • the anti-swaying roller 42 linearly reciprocates in the anti-swaying groove 41 to support the telescopic arm 7 to roll and contract, and the anti-swaying roller 42 limits the expansion and contraction.
  • the arm 7 swings side to side.
  • the anti-rotation rolling groove 41 can also be fixedly connected to the body 2.
  • a mining machine or a loader is disposed in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in Embodiment 12, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the rear roller race 6 includes an anti-sway rolling groove 41, front The roller raceway 5 includes a lifting roller groove 43 which is integrally formed with the lifting roller groove 43, the front roller 3 is a lifting roller 44, the rear roller 4 is an anti-swing roller 42, and the lifting roller 44 is in the lifting roller groove 43.
  • the anti-swaying roller 42 rolls in the anti-swaying groove 41
  • the rocker arm 1 is hinged to the body 2 or the rocker arm 1 is connected to the body 2 via the rotating structure 35
  • the anti-swaying wheel 42 limits the non-directionality of the telescopic arm 7 Swinging and lifting the telescopic support arm 8 by the lifting roller 44, lowering the height of the anti-swaying groove 41 and the lifting roller groove 43 up and down, reducing the volume height of the rocker arm 1, the lifting roller groove 43 and/or the anti-swaying groove 41
  • the rocker arm 1 is guided.
  • the anti-sway rolling groove 41 and the lifting roller groove 43 may also be disposed in parallel.
  • a mining machine or a loader is disposed in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in Embodiment 13, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that the body 2 includes a blade frame 36 and a lower portion of the rocker arm 1.
  • the shovel frame 36 is provided with a shovel frame limiting bracket 45.
  • the shovel frame limiting bracket 45 will extend the telescopic support arm 8 when the rocker arm 1 falls to the rocker arm 1 and the working head 9 is about to collide with the blade 34. Lifting, the rocker arm 1 and the working head 9 are prevented from falling and colliding with the blade 34.
  • the shovel frame limiting bracket 45 is provided with a cushioning member 46, and the cushioning member 46 absorbs the impact force when the rocker arm 1 falls.
  • the cushioning member 46 includes a rubber cushion or a spring cushion or a polyurethane cushion or a nylon cushion or a polymer material cushion.
  • a mining machine or a loader is provided in parallel with the rocker rolling stroke section shown in the fourteenth embodiment.
  • the rocker arm 1 includes a tumbler 11, a working head.
  • 9 includes a molar 47, a molar cylinder 48, the length of the tooth tip 47 to the centerline of the molar cylinder 48 being greater than the radius of the molar cylinder 48.
  • the molars 47 are hoes or hoes 66 or teeth or hammers 65 or axes or hoes or combinations of various types.
  • the rocker arm 1 and/or the body 2 includes a tumble driving device 49.
  • the tumbler 11 includes a carious tooth 47 and a caring cylinder 48.
  • the tumbler driving device 49 includes a motor or a motor, etc., and a motor or a motor is disposed on the crucible. Inside the tooth cylinder 48 or outside the spur cylinder 48.
  • the tumble drive unit 49 described herein includes an actuator 50 that includes a gear drive 50 or belt drive 50 or a sprocket drive 50 or a sheave actuator 50, and the like.
  • a mining machine or a loader is disposed in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in Embodiment 15, and the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the body 2 includes a rotating disk 51 and a rotating disk.
  • 51 includes a rotating inner disk 52, a rotating outer disk 53, the rotating inner disk 52 is rotated relative to the rotating outer disk 53, and when the rotating inner disk 52 is fixed to the body 2, the rotating outer disk 53 is rotated relative to the rotating inner disk 52, and when the rotating outer disk 53 is fixed to the body 2
  • the upper rotating inner disk 52 rotates relative to the rotating outer disk 53, one end of the rocking arm 1 is connected to the rotating rotating inner disk 52, the body 2 includes a rotating disk rotation control member 54, and the rotating disk rotation control member 54 drives the rotating inner disk 52 to rotate, and the telescopic arm is controlled.
  • the 55-end is connected to the rotating rotating inner disc 52, the other end is connected to the extension/retracting arm 7, the rocker 1 is rotated with the rotating disc 51, the mining and/or loading range is increased, and the telescopic arm control 55 controls the expansion and contraction.
  • the arm 7 is stretched by rolling friction.
  • the rocker arm 1 can also be connected to the rotating rotating outer disk 53 at one end.
  • the body 2 includes a rotating disk rotation control member 54.
  • the rotating disk rotation control member 54 drives the rotating outer disk 53 to rotate, and the telescopic arm control member 55 is rotated and rotated.
  • the rotating outer disk 53 is connected.
  • the rotary disk rotation control member 54 includes a telescopic cylinder or a gear and a rack or a rope and a rope reel or a telescopic cylinder or a sprocket and a chain.
  • a mining machine or a loader is provided in parallel for the rocker rolling stroke section shown in the embodiment 16, which is different from the first embodiment in that: the rocker arm 1 or the body 2 includes a left and right movement control member 60.
  • the telescopic arm 7 includes a telescopic section 56 and a supporting working head section 57.
  • the telescopic section 56 is hinged to the supporting working head section 57.
  • the hinge shaft 59 is disposed perpendicular to the ground, and one end of the telescopic control member 58 is connected to the body 2 through the rotating structure 35 or
  • the telescopic support arm 8 is connected, the other end is connected to the support working head section 57, the left and right movement control member 60-end is connected to the fuselage 2 through the rotating structure 35 or connected to the telescopic support arm 8 or the telescopic section 56, and the other end and the support
  • the working head section 57 is connected, the left and right movement control member 60 drives the supporting working head section 57 to move left and right, and the left and right movement control member 60 drives the supporting working head section 57 to move left and right.
  • the rotating structure 35 includes a ball head slot type, an arc type buckle groove type, a flexible universal joint joint head, a universal joint bearing joint head, a universal joint coupling head, a joint bearing joint head or a ball joint Institutions, etc.
  • a mining machine or a loader is disposed in parallel with the rolling arm rolling stroke shown in Embodiment 17, which is different from Embodiment 1 in that: the rotating disk 51 includes a multilayer rotating disk 62, and a multi-layer rotation
  • the disk 62 includes a lower rotating disk 63, an upper rotating disk 64, and the like.
  • the lower rotating disk 63 is provided with a rolling rocker arm 12, and the upper rotating disk 64 is provided with a reciprocating impact head rocker arm 13, and the lower rotating disk 63 drives the rolling rocker arm 12 to rotate left and right and/or up and down, and the upper rotating disk 64 drives The reciprocating impact head rocker arm 13 is rotated up and down and/or left and right, and the roll rocker arm 12 cooperates with the reciprocating impact head rocker arm 13 to multi-directionally and multi-angle excavate and load materials.
  • the body 2 includes a rocker arm lifting controller 61, and the lifting controller 61 controls the rocker arm 1 to move up and down.
  • the lifting controller 61 includes a lifting cylinder or a gear and a rack or a rope and a rope reel or a lifting cylinder or a sprocket. Chains, etc.

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Abstract

一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机，其包括摇臂（1）、机身（2）、工作头（9）,摇臂（1）包括前滚轮（3）、后滚轮（4）、前滚轮滚道（5）、后滚轮滚道（6）、伸缩臂（7）、伸缩支撑臂（8）等，前滚轮滚道（5）与后滚轮滚道（6）平行设置，前滚轮（3）在前滚轮滚道（5）内滚动，后滚轮（4）在后滚轮滚道（6）内滚动，前滚轮（3）与后滚轮（4）配合通过滚动摩擦支撑伸缩臂（7）在伸缩支撑臂（8）上滚动摩擦伸缩，工作头（9）与伸缩臂（7）连接，伸缩臂（7）带动工作头（9）伸缩，伸缩支撑臂（8）与机身（2）连接。还公开一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法。

Description

一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法及摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载 机
技术领域
本发明属于采掘或装载等领域， 具体涉及一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的 方法及摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机。
背景技术
目前广泛使用的掘进机或采煤机或装载机等设备， 如往复冲击掘进机摇臂或往复冲击采 煤机摇臂或滚耙装载机滚耙支撑摇臂相对于机身的伸缩移动均为滑动摩擦，滑动摩擦阻力大、 掰损力大， 为了提高工作效率及适用性将掘进机、 采煤机、 装载机等工作头做得体积大、 重 量大， 重量大积体大的工作头对滑动伸缩导轨掰别重力大， 往复磨损大， 工作时易出现爬行 抖动， 严重时其滑动摩擦面会出现黏结烧伤， 最为关键的是由于工作环境的特殊性其摩擦表 面不易形成均匀的滑润油膜使摩擦生热造成移动调整失效。 为了避免摇臂伸缩滑动摩擦故障 发生， 许多厂家不使用伸缩摇臂， 不让摇臂相对于机身伸缩移动则严重降低了使用效率及适 应性， 为减少滑动摩擦阻力有的将滑道缩短， 缩短滑道则造成摇臂伸缩距离短、 采掘或装载 取料范围小、 适应性差、 工作效率低等问题， 如不让摇臂相对于机身伸缩移动则更严重降低 使用效率及适应性， 为了解决上述问题本发明不但使用了滚动摩擦降低磨损、减少摩擦阻力， 更特别之处在于将滚轮的滚动行程段平行设置， 故提出了一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段 平行设置的方法及摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机。
发明内容
本发明是采用以下的技术方案实现的： 所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机 包括摇臂、 机身、 工作头等， 摇臂包括前滚轮、 后滚轮、 前滚轮滚道、 后滚轮滚道、 伸缩臂、 伸缩支撑臂等， 前滚轮滚道设置在伸缩臂上或设置在伸缩支撑臂上等， 后滚轮滚道设置在伸 缩支撑臂上或设置在伸缩臂上或设置在机身上等， 前滚轮设置在伸缩支撑臂上或设置在伸缩 臂上等， 后滚轮设置在伸缩臂上或设置在伸缩支撑臂上等， 前滚轮滚道与后滚轮滚道平行设 置， 前滚轮在前滚轮滚道内滚动， 后滚轮在后滚轮滚道内滚动， 前滚轮与后滚轮配合通过滚 动摩擦支撑伸縮臂在伸缩支撑臂上滚动摩擦伸缩， 工作头与伸縮臂连接， 伸缩臂带动工作头 伸缩， 伸缩支撑臂与机身连接。
本发明还包括以下摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法， 具体为：
方法 1 :
第一步： 设置前滚轮、 后滚轮、 前滚轮滚道、 后滚轮滚道、 伸缩臂、 伸缩支撑臂等， 将 前滚轮滚道设置在伸缩臂上或设置在伸缩支撑臂上等， 将后滚轮滚道设置在伸缩支撑臂上或 设置在伸缩臂上或设置在机身上等， 将前滚轮设置在伸缩支撑臂上或设置在伸缩臂上等， 将 后滚轮设置在伸缩臂上或设置在伸缩支撑臂上等， 将前滚轮滚道与后滚轮滚道平行设置， 使 前滚轮在前滚轮滚道内滚动， 使后滚轮在后滚轮滚道内滚动， 使前滚轮与后滚轮配合通过滚 动摩擦支撑伸縮臂在伸缩支撑臂上滚动摩擦伸缩。 第二步： 设置工作头， 将工作头与伸缩臂连接， 伸缩臂带动工作头伸缩。
第三步： 使伸缩支撑臂与机身连接， 在机身下部设置行走装置， 行走装置带动机身行走。 方法 2 :
将前滚轮设置为固定轮， 将后滚轮设置为行走轮， 将前滚轮滚道设置为固定轮滚道， 将 后滚轮滚道设置为行走轮滚道， 将固定轮滚道与行走轮滚道平行设置， 使固定轮滚道沿行走 轮滚道方向设置， 且将固定轮滚道扣合在固定轮上， 使行走轮滚道与固定轮滚道部分或全部 重合， 将固定轮与行走轮的部分滚动行程段或全部滚动行程段重合， 缩短固定轮滚道与行走 轮滚道前后设置的长度， 在同等伸缩距离条件下减少摇臂的长度， 缩短工作头扭别机身的力 臂。
所述的工作头包括滚耙或往复冲击头或挖斗或扒斗或截齿滚筒或破碎头或往复冲击头与 挖斗组合或滚耙与扒斗组合或滚耙与往复冲击头组合等。
所述的摇臂包括滚耙摇臂或往复冲击头摇臂或挖掘装载摇臂或滚耙摇臂与往复冲击头摇 臂组合或往复冲击头摇臂与扒斗摇臂组合等。
所述的前滚轮包括固定轮， 后滚轮包括行走轮， 前滚轮滚道包括固定轮滚道， 后滚轮滚 道包括行走轮滚道， 固定轮滚道与伸缩臂分体连接或为一体式， 行走轮滚道与伸縮支撑臂分 体连接或为一体式， 伸缩支撑臂前端设置固定轮， 固定轮在固定轮滚道内滚动， 行走轮在行 走轮滚道内滚动， 行走轮固定在伸縮臂后部， 固定轮滚道与行走轮滚道平行设置， 固定轮与 行走轮的部分滚动行程段或全部滚动行程段重合， 缩短固定轮滚道与行走轮滚道前后设置的 长度， 同等伸缩距离减少摇臂的长度， 降低摇臂的体积高度， 减短扭别损坏机身的力臂。
所述的固定轮滚道包括固定轮槽， 伸縮臂包括滚耙伸缩臂， 伸缩支撑臂包括滚耙伸缩支 撑臂， 固定轮槽与滚耙伸縮臂分体连接或为一体式， 伸缩支撑臂上设置行走轮滚道， 后滚轮 包括滑孔滚轮， 行走轮滚道包括滑孔滚槽， 滑孔滚轮在滑孔滚槽内滚动， 滑孔滚轮固定在滚 耙伸缩臂后部， 固定轮槽与滑孔滚槽平行设置， 当大块物料将滚耙伸缩臂托起时， 固定轮槽 吊起固定轮将滚耙伸缩支撑臂拉起， 滑孔滚轮与固定轮支撑并拉住滚耙伸缩臂伸缩升降。
所述的后滚轮外表面设有凹面或凸面， 当后滚轮外表面设有凹面时， 后滚轮滚道上对应 地设有与后滚轮凹面相扣合的凸面对伸缩臂滚动导向， 当后滚轮外表面设有凸面时， 后滚轮 滚道上对应地设有与后滚轮凸面相扣合的凹面对伸缩臂滚动导向。
所述的前滚轮和后滚轮设置在伸缩臂与伸缩支撑臂之间形成滚动导向装置， 滚动导向装 置包括防止泥、 水、 粉尘或物料等进入滚动导向装置内部的防护件， 防护件与固定轮滚槽分 体扣接或为一体式。
所述的前滚轮滚道包括 U形滚道或方形滚道或圆形滚道或 C形滚道或 [形滚道或 H形滚 道等。
所述的摇臂与机身通过旋转限位铰轴铰接或通过旋转结构连接， 其铰接处或旋转连接处 设有挡旋限位结构， 挡旋限位结构包括旋转限位台、 机身挡旋台等， 旋转限位台绕旋转结构 旋转或绕限位铰轴旋转， 旋转限位台旋转到伸缩支撑臂及工作头即将与铲板碰撞角度时， 机 身挡旋台与旋转限位台贴紧， 机身挡旋台阻挡旋转限位台继续旋转， 通过限制摇臂旋转角度 限制其继续下落， 使摇臂及工作头与铲板始终保持合理安全间隙。
所述的机身包括铲板架、机身架、铲板控制器等， 铲板架与机身架铰接或铲板架与机身架 通过旋转结构连接， 铲板控制器一端设置在机身架上， 另一端设置在铲板架上， 铲板控制器 驱动铲板单向旋转升降或多向旋转升降。
所述的机身和 /或摇臂包括挡卸料装置，挡卸料装置包括板式卸料装置或叉式卸料装置或 刷式卸料装置或齿式卸料装置等。
所述的前滚轮包括滚柱或腰鼓轮或多向轮等。
所述的后滚轮包括合金钢滚轮或普通钢滚轮或高分子材料滚轮或橡胶滚轮或陶瓷滚轮 等。
所述的铲板控制器设置在机身上部，机身包括铲板控制器支架， 铲板控制器一端铰接在铲 板控制器支架上或通过旋转结构与铲板控制器支架连接， 另一端与铲板架连接， 铲板架与机 身架连接处设置在机身下部， 机身上部的铲板控制器支架距离铲板架与机身架连接处的力臂 大于铲板控制器设置在机身架下部时铲板控制器支架距离铲板架与机身架连接处的力臂， 铲 板控制器驱动铲板架， 铲板架带动铲板升降， 减少动力消耗及铲板控制器的数量。
所述的后滚轮滚道包括防摆动滚槽， 后滚轮包括防摆动滚轮， 防摆动滚槽与机身分体连 接或固定连接， 防摆动滚轮在防摆动滚槽中直线往复滚动支撑伸缩臂滚动摩擦伸縮， 通过防 摆动滚轮限制伸缩臂左右摆动。
所述的后滚轮滚道包括防摆动滚槽， 前滚轮滚道包括升降滚槽， 防摆动滚槽与升降滚槽 分体平行设置或设置为一体， 前滚轮为升降滚轮， 后滚轮为防摆动滚轮， 升降滚轮在升降滚 槽中滚动， 防摆动滚轮在防摆动滚槽中滚动， 摇臂与机身铰接或摇臂与机身通过旋转结构连 接， 通过防摆动滚轮限制伸缩臂无方向性左右摆动且通过升降滚轮带动伸缩支撑臂升降， 降 低防摆动滚槽和升降滚槽上下设置的高度， 降低摇臂的体积高度，升降滚槽和 /或防摆动滚槽 对摇臂导向。
所述的挡旋限位结构使摇臂相对于地面形成倾斜角， 该倾斜角度使工作头不与铲板相碰 撞， 倾斜角度在摇臂使工作头伸出铲板上部时低于铲板， 对铲板前部物料采掘、 铣削、 装载 或破碎等。
所述的机身包括铲板架,摇臂下部的铲板架上设有铲板架限位托台，铲板架限位托台在摇 臂及工作头下落至即将与铲板碰撞时将伸缩支撑臂托起，防止摇臂及工作头下落与铲板碰撞。
所述的铲板架限位托台上设有缓冲件， 缓冲件吸收摇臂下落时的冲击力。
所述的缓冲件包括橡胶缓冲垫或弹簧缓冲垫或聚氨酯缓冲垫或尼龙缓冲垫或高分子材料 缓冲垫等。
所述的工作头包括滚耙， 滚耙包括耙齿、 耙齿筒等， 耙齿齿尖到耙齿筒中心线的长度大 于耙齿筒的半径。
所述的耙齿为锨头或镐头或象牙齿或锤头或斧头或镢头或为多种的组合等。
所述的旋转结构包括球头球槽式、弧型扣槽式、挠性万向节联接头、万向节轴承联接头、 万向联轴器联接头、 关节轴承联接头或球型铰接机构等。
所述的机身包括旋转盘， 旋转盘包括旋转内盘、 旋转外盘等， 旋转内盘与旋转外盘相对 旋转， 当旋转内盘固定在机身上时旋转外盘相对于旋转内盘旋转， 当旋转外盘固定在机身上 时旋转内盘相对于旋转外盘旋转，摇臂一端与旋转的旋转内盘连接或与旋转的旋转外盘连接， 机身包括旋转盘旋转控制件， 旋转盘旋转控制件驱动旋转内盘旋转或驱动旋转外盘旋转， 伸 缩臂控制件一端与旋转的旋转内盘连接或与旋转的旋转外盘连接， 另一端与伸缩臂连接， 摇 臂随旋转盘旋转， 增加采掘和 /或装载范围。
所述的摇臂或机身包括左右移动控制件， 伸缩臂包括伸缩段、 支撑工作头段， 伸缩段与 支撑工作头段铰接， 铰轴垂直于地面设置， 伸缩控制件一端与机身通过旋转结构连接或与伸 缩支撑臂连接， 另一端与伸缩段连接， 左右移动控制件一端通过旋转结构与机身连接或与伸 缩支撑臂连接或与伸缩段连接， 另一端与支撑工作头段连接， 左右移动控制件驱动支撑工作 头段左右移动， 左右移动控制件带动支撑工作头段左右移动。 所述的摇臂和 /或机身包括滚耙驱动装置， 滚耙包括耙齿、耙齿筒等， 滚耙驱动装置包括 电机或马达等， 电机或马达等设置于耙齿筒内或耙齿筒外。
所述的滚耙驱动装置包括传动器， 传动器包括齿轮传动器或皮带传动器或链轮传动器或 绳轮传动器等。
所述的前滚轮包括固定轮外轮、固定轮轴， 固定轮外轮与固定轮轴分体连接或为一体式。 所述的伸缩支撑臂与机身铰接或与机身通过旋转结构连接或与机身固定连接等。
所述的旋转盘旋转控制件包括伸缩油缸或齿轮与齿条或绳与卷绳器或伸缩气缸或链轮与 链条等。
所述的机身包括摇臂升降控制器， 升降控制器控制摇臂上下升降， 升降控制器包括升降 油缸或齿轮与齿条或绳与卷绳器或升降气缸或链轮与链条等。
所述的旋转盘包括多层旋转盘， 多层旋转盘包括下层旋转盘、 上层旋转盘等。
所述的下层旋转盘上设置滚耙摇臂， 上层旋转盘上设置往复冲击头摇臂， 下层旋转盘带 动滚耙摇臂左右和 /或上下转动， 上层旋转盘带动往复冲击头摇臂上下和 /或左右转动， 且滚 耙摇臂与往复冲击头摇臂相配合多方位多角度采掘及装载物料。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明提出的一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法及摇臂滚动行程段平行 设置采掘机或装载机， 具有以下优点：
1. 滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的摇臂， 前滚轮滚道与后滚轮滚道平行设置， 前滚 轮在前滚轮滚道内滚动， 后滚轮在后滚轮滚道内滚动， 前滚轮与后滚轮配合通过滚动摩 擦支撑摇臂伸缩， 提高了摇臂适应采掘和 /或装载各种物料的移动效率及灵活性， 增加了 采掘和 /或装载范围， 使摇臂灵活采掘和 /或装载等。
2. 固定轮滚道与行走轮滚道平行设置， 固定轮与行走轮的部分滚动行程段或全部滚动行程 段重合， 缩短了固定轮滚道与行走轮滚道前后设置的长度， 使同等伸缩距离减少摇臂的 长度， 降低了摇臂的体积高度， 减短了扭别损坏机身的力臂， 减少了原材料的使用， 使 整机设计更为合理、 紧凑， 工作时更为安全、 可靠、 灵活。
3. 滑孔滚轮在滑孔滚槽内滚动， 滑孔滚轮固定在滚耙伸缩臂后部， 固定轮槽与滑孔滚槽平 行设置， 当大块物料将滚耙伸缩臂托起时， 固定轮槽吊起固定轮将滚耙伸缩支撑臂拉起, 滑孔滚轮与固定轮支撑并拉住滚耙伸缩臂升降。
4. 前滚轮外表面设有凹面或凸面， 当前滚轮外表面设有凹面时， 前滚轮滚道上对应地设有 与前滚轮凹面相扣合的凸面对伸缩臂滚动导向， 当前滚轮外表面设有凸面时， 前滚轮滚 道上对应地设有与前滚轮凸面相扣合的凹面对伸缩臂滚动导向， 后滚轮外表面设有凹面 或凸面， 当后滚轮外表面设有凹面时， 后滚轮滚道上对应地设有与后滚轮凹面相扣合的 凸面对伸缩臂滚动导向， 当后滚轮外表面设有凸面时， 后滚轮滚道上对应地设有与后滚 轮凸面相扣合的 H面对伸缩臂滚动导向， 使滚轮在对应滚道中滚动， 有效限制滚轮滚动 方向， 并控制伸缩臂的伸缩方向。
摇臂与机身通过旋转限位铰轴铰接或通过旋转结构连接， 其铰接处或连接处设有挡旋限 位结构， 旋转限位台绕旋转结构或绕限位铰轴旋转， 旋转限位台旋转到伸缩支撑臂及工 作头即将与铲板碰撞角度时， 机身挡旋台与旋转限位台贴紧， 机身挡旋台阻挡旋转限位 台继续旋转， 通过限制摇臂旋转角度限制其继续下落， 使摇臂及工作头与铲板始终保持 合理安全间隙。
摇臂伸出位置使工作头脱离铲板上部时， 前滚轮滚道后端滚道绕前滚轮旋转使工作头低 于铲板高度采掘和 /或装载。
铲板架与机身架铰接或铲板架与机身架通过旋转结构连接， 铲板控制器一端设置在机身 架上， 另一端设置在铲板架上， 铲板控制器驱动铲板单向旋转升降或多向旋转升降， 进 一步提高了该采掘机或装载机适用于采掘和 /或装载不同高度物料的能力。
铲板控制器驱动与铲板架连接的铲板上下运动和 /或左右运动， 铲板架带动摇臂与铲板同 步上下运动和 /或左右运动， 防止了分别控制铲板或摇臂及工作头运动时， 铲板与摇臂及 工作头卡碰。
挡卸料装置避免了滚耙快速耙料将物料抛掷到机身与操作台等故障的出现。
铲板控制器一端铰接在铲板控制器支架上或通过旋转结构与铲板控制器支架连接， 另一 端与铲板架连接， 铲板架与机身架连接处设置在机身下部， 机身上部的铲板控制器支架 距离铲板架与机身架连接处的长度大于铲板控制器设置在机身架下部时铲板控制器支架 距离铲板架与机身架连接处的长度， 加长拉动铲板升降力臂， 铲板控制器驱动铲板架， 铲板架带动铲板升降， 减少动力消耗及铲板控制器的数量。
防摆动滚槽与机身分体连接或固定连接， 伸缩臂上的防摆动滚轮扣合在防摆动滚槽滚动， 防摆动滚轮在防摆动滚槽中直线往复滚动支撑伸縮臂滚动摩擦伸缩， 通过防摆动滚轮限 制伸缩臂左右摆动， 使伸缩臂升降更加平稳。
升降滚槽扣合在防摆动滚槽上， 升降滚轮在升降滚槽中滚动， 防摆动滚轮在防摆动滚槽 中滚动， 摇臂与机身铰接或与机身通过旋转结构连接， 通过防摆动滚轮限制伸缩臂无方 向性左右摆动且通过升降滚轮带动伸縮支撑臂升降， 降低防摆动滚槽和升降滚槽上下设 置的高度， 降低摇臂的体积高度， 防摆动滚轮同样带动摇臂升降， 升降滚槽和 /或防摆动 滚槽对摇臂导向， 升降滚轮与防摆动滚轮配合， 加大了对摇臂滚动伸缩的控制力度。 挡旋限位结构使摇臂相对于地面形成倾斜角， 该倾斜角度使工作头不与铲板相碰撞， 倾 斜角度在摇臂使工作头伸出铲板上部时低于铲板， 以便与对铲板前部物料采掘、 破碎、 铣削或装载等。
摇臂下部的铲板架上设有铲板架限位托台， 铲板架限位托台在摇臂下落至摇臂及工作头 即将与铲板碰撞时将伸缩支撑臂托起， 使摇臂及工作头与铲板始终了保持合理安全间隙， 防止摇臂及工作头下落与铲板碰撞。
铲板架限位托台上设有缓冲件等， 缓冲件吸收摇臂下落时的冲击力， 减小了摇臂下落对 铲板架限位托台等的冲击损坏， 降低了冲击噪音改善了工作环境。
耙齿齿尖到耙齿筒中心线的长度大于耙齿筒的半径， 使耙齿更易耙拨物料。
耙齿的形状为锨头状等有利于将不同粒度的物料耙入输料装置， 提高了滚耙耙拨散碎物 料的能力。
伸缩臂控制件一端与旋转的旋转内盘连接或与旋转的旋转外盘连接， 另一端与伸缩臂连 接， 摇臂随旋转盘旋转， 增加采掘和 /或装载范围， 提高采掘、 耙装物料的效率。
伸缩段与支撑工作头段铰接， 铰轴垂直于地面设置， 伸缩控制件一端与机身通过旋转结 构连接或与伸缩支撑臂连接， 另一端与伸缩段连接， 左右移动控制件一端通过旋转结构 与机身连接或与伸缩支撑臂连接或与伸缩段连接， 另一端与支撑工作头段连接， 左右移 动控制件驱动支撑工作头段左右移动， 左右移动控制件带动支撑工作头段左右移动。 电机或马达设置于耙齿筒内， 使滚耙结构简单、 紧凑， 且有利于用耙齿筒保护电机或马 达。
固定轮外轮与固定轮轴为一体式结构强度大， 维护量小。
滚耙摇臂与往复冲击头摇臂组合或往复冲击头摇臂与扒斗摇臂组合， 相比于滚耙摇臂或 往复冲击头摇臂或挖掘装载摇臂等单独使用工作效率高。
旋转盘设置为多层旋转盘， 多层旋转盘包括下层旋转盘、 上层旋转盘， 下层旋转盘上设 置滚耙摇臂， 上层旋转盘上设置往复冲击头摇臂， 下层旋转盘带动滚耙摇臂左右和 /或上 下转动， 上层旋转盘带动往复冲击头摇臂上下和 /或左右转动， 且滚耙摇臂与往复冲击头 摇臂相配合多方位多角度采掘及装载物料， 多层旋转盘上的工作头同时工作大大提高了 设备的综合作业的工作效率。
24. 前滚轮和后滚轮设置在伸缩臂与伸缩支撑臂之间形成滚动导向装置， 滚动导向装置设有 防护件， 防护件防止泥、 水、 粉尘或物料等进入滚动导向装置内部， 使滚动导向装置更 加工作可靠、 稳定。
附图说明
图 1是实施例 1中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的结构示意图
图 2是实施例 1中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的结构示意图
图 3是实施例 1中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的摇臂的结构示意图 图 4是实施例 2中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的往复冲击头主视图； 图 5是实施例 2中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的滚耙主视图；
图 6是实施例 3中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的摇臂结构示意图； 图 7是实施例 3中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的摇臂结构示意图； 图 8是实施例 4中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的结构示意图；
图 9是实施例 4中图 8中 A-A剖视图；
图 10是实施例 5中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的另一种结构示意图； 图 11是实施例 5中图 10中 B-B剖视图；
图 12是实施例 6中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的结构示意图； 图 13是实施例 6中图 12中 A- A剖视图；
图 14是实施例 7中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的主视图；
图 15是实施例 8中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的主视图；
图 16是实施例 9中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的挡卸料装置示意图； 图 17是实施例 10中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的主视图；
图 18是实施例 11中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的结构示意图
图 19是实施例 12中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的结构示意图； 图 20是实施例 13中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的铲板架限位托台示意图。 图 21是实施例 14中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的一种滚耙示意图； 图 22是实施例 14中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的另一种滚耙示意图； 图 23是实施例 15中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的旋转盘结构示意图； 图 24是实施例 15中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的旋转盘结构示意图； 图 25是实施例 16中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的一种结构示意图； 图 26是实施例 17中摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机的多层旋转盘示意图； 图中： 1、摇臂； 2、 机身； 3、 前滚轮； 4、 后滚轮； 5、 前滚轮滚道； 6、 后滚轮滚道； 7、 伸缩臂； 8、 伸缩支撑臂； 9、 工作头； 10、 往复冲击头； 11、 滚耙； 12、 滚耙摇臂； 13、 往 复冲击头摇臂； 14、 挖掘装载摇臂； 15、 固定轮； 16、 行走轮； 17、 固定轮滚道； 18、 行 走轮滚道； 19、 固定轮槽； 20、 滚耙伸缩臂； 21、 滚耙伸缩支撑臂； 11、 滑孔滚轮； 23、 滑 孔滚槽； 24、 凹面； 25、 凸面； 26、 滚动导向装置； 27、 防护件； 28、 固定轮外轮； 29、 固 定轮轴； 30、 限位铰轴； 31、 挡旋限位结构； 32、 旋转限位台； 33、 机身挡旋台； 34、 铲板; 35、 旋转结构； 36、 铲板架； 37、 机身架； 38、 铲板控制器； 39、 卸料装置； 40、 铲板控制 器支架； 41、 防摆动滚槽； 42、 防摆动滚轮； 43、 升降滚槽； 44、 升降滚轮； 45、 铲板架限 位托台； 46、 缓冲件； 47、 耙齿； 48、 耙齿筒； 49、 滚耙驱动装置； 50、 传动器； 51、 旋转 盘； 52、 旋转内盘； 53、 旋转外盘； 54、 旋转盘旋转控制件； 55、 伸缩臂控制件； 56、 伸缩 段； 57、 支撑工作头段； 58、 伸縮控制件； 59、 铰轴； 60、 左右移动控制件； 61、 升降控制 器； 62、 多层旋转盘； 63、 下层旋转盘； 64、 上层旋转盘 ； 65、 锤头； 66、 镐头。
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例 1
如图 1、 图 2、 图 3为实施例 1所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征 在于： 所述的滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机有摇臂 1、 机身 2、 工作头 9等组成， 摇臂 1主要有前滚轮 3、后滚轮 4、前滚轮滚道 5、后滚轮滚道 6、伸缩臂 7、伸缩支撑臂 8等组成， 前滚轮滚道 5设置在伸缩臂 7上， 后滚轮滚道 6设置在伸缩支撑臂 8上， 前滚轮 3设置在伸 缩支撑臂 8上， 后滚轮 4设置在伸缩臂 7上， 前滚轮滚道 5与后滚轮滚道 6平行设置， 前滚 轮 3在前滚轮滚道 5内滚动， 后滚轮 4在后滚轮滚道 6内滚动， 前滚轮 3与后滚轮 4配合通 过滚动摩擦支撑伸缩臂 7在伸缩支撑臂 8上滚动摩擦伸縮， 工作头 9等与伸縮臂 7连接， 伸 縮臂 7带动工作头 9伸缩， 伸缩支撑臂 8与机身 2连接， 机身下部的行走装置带动摇臂、 工 作头连续工作。
所述的前滚轮滚道 5还可以设置在伸缩支撑臂 8等上。
所述的后滚轮滚道 6还可以设置在伸缩臂 7上或设置在机身 2上等。
所述的前滚轮 3还可以设置在伸缩臂 7等上。
所述的后滚轮 4还可以设置在伸缩支撑臂 8等上
所述的前滚轮 3包括滚柱或腰鼓轮或多向轮等。 所述的后滚轮 4包括合金钢滚轮或普通钢滚轮或高分子材料滚轮或橡胶滚轮或陶瓷滚轮 等。
所述的伸缩支撑臂 8与机身 2铰接或与机身 2通过旋转结构连接或与机身 2固定连接等。 所述的前滚轮滚道 5包括 U形滚道或方形滚道或圆形滚道或 C形滚道或 [形滚道或 H形滚 道等。
本发明摇臂滚动行程段平行设置的方法， 该方法如下：
方法 1 :
第一步： 设置前滚轮 3、 后滚轮 4、 前滚轮滚道 5、 后滚轮滚道 6、 伸缩臂 7、 伸缩支撑 臂 8等， 将前滚轮滚道 5设置在伸缩臂 7上或设置在伸缩支撑臂 8上， 将后滚轮滚道 6设置 在伸缩支撑臂 8上或设置在伸缩臂 7上或设置在机身 2上， 将前滚轮 3设置在伸縮支撑臂 8 上或设置在伸缩臂 7上， 将后滚轮 4设置在伸缩臂 7上或设置在伸缩支撑臂 8上， 将前滚轮 滚道 5与后滚轮滚道 6平行设置， 使前滚轮 3在前滚轮滚道 5内滚动， 使后滚轮 4在后滚轮 滚道 6内滚动， 使前滚轮 3与后滚轮 4配合通过滚动摩擦支撑伸缩臂 Ί在伸缩支撑臂 8上滚 动摩擦伸缩。
第二步： 设置工作头 9， 将工作头 9与伸缩臂 7连接， 伸缩臂 7带动工作头 9伸缩等。 第三步： 使伸缩支撑臂 8与机身 2连接， 在机身 2下部设置行走装置， 行走装置带动机身 2行走。
方法 2:
将前滚轮 3设置为固定轮 15，将后滚轮 4设置为行走轮 16，将前滚轮滚道 5设置为固定 轮滚道 17, 将后滚轮滚道 6设置为行走轮 17与行走轮滚道 18平行设置， 使固定轮滚道 17 沿行走轮滚道 18方向滚道 18， 将固定轮滚道设置， 且将固定轮滚道 17扣合在固定轮 15上， 使行走轮滚道 18与固定轮滚道 17部分或全部重合， 将固定轮 15与行走轮 16的部分滚动行 程段或全部滚动行程段重合， 缩短固定轮滚道 17与行走轮滚道 18前后设置的长度， 在同等 伸縮距离条件下减少摇臂 1的长度， 缩短工作头 9扭别机身 2的力臂等。
其它同方法 1
实施例 2
如图 4、 图 5所示， 为实施例 2所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实 施例 1不同的是： 所述的工作头 9包括滚耙 11或往复冲击头 10或挖斗或扒斗或截齿滚筒或 破碎头或往复冲击头 10与挖斗组合或滚耙 11与扒斗组合或滚耙 11与往复冲击头 10组合等。 其它同实施例 1。
实施例 3
如图 6、 图 7所示， 为实施例 3所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实 施例 1不同的是：所述的摇臂 1包括滚耙摇臂 12或往复冲击头摇臂 13或挖掘装载摇臂 14或 滚耙摇臂 12与往复冲击头摇臂 13组合或往复冲击头摇臂 13与扒斗摇臂组合等。 其它同实施例 1。
实施例 4
如图 8、 图 9所示， 为实施例 4所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实 施例 1不同的是： 所述的前滚轮 3包括固定轮 15， 后滚轮 4包括行走轮 16， 前滚轮滚道 5包 括固定轮滚道 17， 后滚轮滚道 6包括行走轮滚道 18， 固定轮滚道 17与伸缩臂 7分体连接， 行走轮滚道 18与伸缩支撑臂 8分体连接， 伸缩支撑臂 8前端设置固定轮 15， 固定轮 15在固 定轮滚道 17内滚动， 行走轮 16在行走轮滚道 18内滚动， 行走轮 16固定在伸缩臂 7后部， 固定轮滚道 17与行走轮滚道 18平行设置， 固定轮 15与行走轮 16的部分滚动行程段或全部 滚动行程段重合， 缩短固定轮滚道 17与行走轮滚道 18前后设置的长度， 同等伸缩距离减少 摇臂 1的长度， 降低摇臂 1的体积高度， 减短扭别损坏机身 2的力臂。
所述的固定轮滚道 17与伸缩臂 7还可以为一体式。
所述的行走轮滚道 18与伸缩支撑臂 8还可以为一体式。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 5
如图 10、 图 11所示， 为实施例 5所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与 实施例 1不同的是： 所述的固定轮滚道 17包括固定轮槽 19， 伸缩臂 7包括滚耙伸缩臂 20， 伸缩支撑臂 8包括滚耙伸缩支撑臂 21， 固定轮槽 19与滚耙伸缩臂 20分体连接， 伸缩支撑臂 8上设置行走轮滚道 18， 后滚轮 4包括滑孔滚轮 22， 行走轮滚道 18包括滑孔滚槽 23， 滑孔 滚轮 22在滑孔滚槽 23内滚动，滑孔滚轮 22固定在滚耙伸缩臂 20后部， 固定轮槽 19与滑孔 滚槽 23平行设置， 当大块物料将滚耙伸缩臂 20托起时， 固定轮槽 19吊起固定轮 15将滚耙 伸缩支撑臂 21拉起， 滑孔滚轮 22与固定轮 15支撑并拉住滚耙伸縮臂 20伸缩升降
所述的后滚轮 4外表面设有凹面 24或凸面 25， 当后滚轮 4外表面设有凹面 24时， 后滚 轮滚道 6上对应地设有与后滚轮 4凹面 24相扣合的凸面 25对伸缩臂 7滚动导向， 当后滚轮 4外表面设有凸面 25吋， 后滚轮滚道 6上对应地设有与后滚轮 4凸面 25相扣合的凹面 24对 伸缩臂 7滚动导向。 所述的固定轮槽 19与滚耙伸缩臂 20还可以为一体式。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 6
如图 12、 图 13所示， 为实施例 6所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与 实施例 1不同的是： 所述的前滚轮 3和后滚轮 4设置在伸缩臂 7与伸缩支撑臂 8之间形成滚 动导向装置 26， 滚动导向装置 26包括防止泥、 水、 粉尘或物料等进入滚动导向装置 26内部 的防护件 27。
所述的前滚轮 3包括固定轮外轮 28、 固定轮轴 29， 固定轮外轮 28与固定轮轴 29分体连 接。
所述的固定轮外轮 28与固定轮轴 29还可以为一体式。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 7
如图 14所示， 为实施例 7所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实施例 1 不同的是：所述的摇臂 1与机身 2通过旋转限位铰轴 30铰接，其铰接处或旋转连接处设有挡 旋限位结构 31， 挡旋限位结构 31包括旋转限位台 32、 机身挡旋台 33等， 旋转限位台 32绕 限位铰轴 30旋转，旋转限位台 32旋转到伸缩支撑臂 8及工作头 9即将与铲板 34碰撞角度时， 机身挡旋台 33与旋转限位台 32贴紧， 机身挡旋台 33阻挡旋转限位台 32继续旋转， 通过限 制摇臂 1旋转角度限制其继续下落， 使摇臂 1及工作头 9与铲板 34始终保持合理安全间隙。
所述的挡旋限位结构 31使摇臂 1相对于地面形成倾斜角，该倾斜角度使工作头 9不与铲 板 34相碰撞， 倾斜角度在摇臂 1使工作头 9伸出铲板 34上部时低于铲板 34， 对铲板 34前 部物料采掘、 铣削、 装载或破碎等。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 8
如图 15所示， 为实施例 8所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实施例 1 不同的是： 所述的机身 2包括铲板架 36、 机身架 37、 铲板控制器 38等， 铲板架 36与机身架 37铰接， 铲板控制器 38—端设置在机身架 37上， 另一端设置在铲板架 36上， 铲板控制器 38驱动铲板 34单向旋转升降或多向旋转升降。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 9 如图 16所示， 为实施例 9所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实施例 1 不同的是： 所述的机身 2和 /或摇臂 1包括挡卸料装置 39, 挡卸料装置 39包括板式卸料装置 39或叉式卸料装置 39或刷式卸料装置 39或齿式卸料装置 39等。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 10
如图 17所示， 为实施例 10所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实施例 1不同的是： 所述的铲板控制器 38设置在机身 2上部， 机身 2设有铲板控制器支架 40， 铲板 控制器 38—端铰接在铲板控制器支架 40上， 另一端与铲板架 36连接， 铲板架 36与机身架 37连接处设置在机身 2下部， 机身 2上部的铲板控制器支架 40距离铲板架 36与机身架 37 连接处的力臂大于铲板控制器设置在机身架下部时铲板控制器支架距离铲板架与机身架连接 处的力臂， 铲板控制器 38驱动铲板架 36， 铲板架 36带动铲板 34升降， 减少动力消耗及铲 板控制器 38的数量。
所述的铲板控制器 38—端还可以通过旋转结构与铲板控制器支架 40连接。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 11
如图 18所示， 为实施例 11所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实施例 1不同的是： 所述的后滚轮滚道 6包括防摆动滚槽 41， 后滚轮 4包括防摆动滚轮 42, 防摆动 滚槽 41与机身 2分体连接，防摆动滚轮 42在防摆动滚槽 41中直线往复滚动支撑伸缩臂 7滚 动摩擦伸缩， 通过防摆动滚轮 42限制伸缩臂 7左右摆动。
所述的防摆动滚槽 41与机身 2还可以固定连接。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 12
如图 19所示， 为实施例 12所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实施例 1不同的是： 所述的后滚轮滚道 6包括防摆动滚槽 41 , 前滚轮滚道 5包括升降滚槽 43， 防摆 动滚槽 41与升降滚槽 43设置为一体， 前滚轮 3为升降滚轮 44, 后滚轮 4为防摆动滚轮 42， 升降滚轮 44在升降滚槽 43中滚动， 防摆动滚轮 42在防摆动滚槽 41中滚动， 摇臂 1与机身 2铰接或摇臂 1与机身 2通过旋转结构 35连接， 通过防摆动滚轮 42限制伸缩臂 7无方向性 左右摆动且通过升降滚轮 44带动伸缩支撑臂 8升降，降低防摆动滚槽 41和升降滚槽 43上下 设置的高度， 降低摇臂 1的体积高度， 升降滚槽 43和 /或防摆动滚槽 41对摇臂 1导向。 所述的防摆动滚槽 41与升降滚槽 43还可以分体平行设置。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 13
如图 20所示， 为实施例 13所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实施例 1不同的是:所述的机身 2包括铲板架 36,摇臂 1下部的铲板架 36上设有铲板架限位托台 45， 铲板架限位托台 45在摇臂 1下落至摇臂 1及工作头 9即将与铲板 34碰撞时将伸縮支撑臂 8 托起， 防止摇臂 1及工作头 9下落与铲板 34碰撞。
所述的铲板架限位托台 45上设有缓冲件 46， 缓冲件 46吸收摇臂 1下落时的冲击力。 所述的缓冲件 46包括橡胶缓冲垫或弹簧缓冲垫或聚氨酯缓冲垫或尼龙缓冲垫或高分子 材料缓冲垫等。
其它同实施例 1
实施例 14
如图 21、 图 22所示， 为实施例 14所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与 实施例 1不同的是： 所述的摇臂 1包括滚耙 11， 工作头 9包括耙齿 47、 耙齿筒 48, 耙齿 47 齿尖到耙齿筒 48中心线的长度大于耙齿筒 48的半径。
所述的耙齿 47为锨头或镐头 66或象牙齿或锤头 65或斧头或镢头或为多种的组合等。 所述的摇臂 1和 /或机身 2包括滚耙驱动装置 49, 滚耙 11包括耙齿 47、 耙齿筒 48， 滚 耙驱动装置 49包括电机或马达等， 电机或马达等设置于耙齿筒 48内或耙齿筒 48外。 28 所述的滚耙驱动装置 49包括传动器 50， 传动器 50包括齿轮传动器 50或皮带传动器 50 或链轮传动器 50或绳轮传动器 50等。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 15
如图 23、 图 24所示， 为实施例 15所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与 实施例 1不同的是：所述的机身 2包括旋转盘 51 ,旋转盘 51包括旋转内盘 52、旋转外盘 53, 旋转内盘 52与旋转外盘 53相对旋转， 当旋转内盘 52固定在机身 2上吋旋转外盘 53相对于 旋转内盘 52旋转， 当旋转外盘 53固定在机身 2上时旋转内盘 52相对于旋转外盘 53旋转， 摇臂 1一端与旋转的旋转内盘 52连接， 机身 2包括旋转盘旋转控制件 54， 旋转盘旋转控制 件 54驱动旋转内盘 52旋转， 伸缩臂控制件 55—端与旋转的旋转内盘 52连接， 另一端与伸 · 缩臂 7连接， 摇臂 1随旋转盘 51旋转， 增加采掘和 /或装载范围， 伸缩臂控制件 55控制伸缩 臂 7通过滚动摩擦伸縮。
所述的摇臂 1一端还可以与旋转的旋转外盘 53连接， 机身 2包括旋转盘旋转控制件 54, 旋转盘旋转控制件 54驱动旋转外盘 53旋转， 伸缩臂控制件 55—端与旋转的旋转外盘 53连 接。
所述的旋转盘旋转控制件 54包括伸縮油缸或齿轮与齿条或绳与卷绳器或伸缩气缸或链 轮与链条等。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 16
如图 25所示， 为实施例 16所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实施例 1不同的是： 所述的摇臂 1或机身 2包括左右移动控制件 60， 伸缩臂 7包括伸缩段 56、 支撑 工作头段 57, 伸縮段 56与支撑工作头段 57铰接， 铰轴 59垂直于地面设置， 伸缩控制件 58 一端与机身 2通过旋转结构 35连接或与伸缩支撑臂 8连接，另一端与支撑工作头段 57连接， 左右移动控制件 60—端通过旋转结构 35与机身 2连接或与伸缩支撑臂 8连接或伸缩段 56连 接等， 另一端与支撑工作头段 57连接， 左右移动控制件 60驱动支撑工作头段 57左右移动， 左右移动控制件 60带动支撑工作头段 57左右移动。
所述的旋转结构 35包括球头球槽式、弧型扣槽式、挠性万向节联接头、万向节轴承联接 头、 万向联轴器联接头、 关节轴承联接头或球型铰接机构等。
其它同实施例 1。
实施例 17
如图 26所示， 为实施例 17所示的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 与实施例 1不同的是： 所述的旋转盘 51包括多层旋转盘 62， 多层旋转盘 62包括下层旋转盘 63、 上层 旋转盘 64等。
所述的下层旋转盘 63上设置滚耙摇臂 12，上层旋转盘 64上设置往复冲击头摇臂 13， 下 层旋转盘 63带动滚耙摇臂 12左右和 /或上下转动，上层旋转盘 64带动往复冲击头摇臂 13上 下和 /或左右转动,且滚耙摇臂 12与往复冲击头摇臂 13相配合多方位多角度采掘及装载物料。
所述的机身 2包括摇臂升降控制器 61， 升降控制器 61控制摇臂 1上下升降， 升降控制 器 61包括升降油缸或齿轮与齿条或绳与卷绳器或升降气缸或链轮与链条等。
其它同实施例 1。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法， 该方法是通过以下步骤实现的- 第一步： 设置前滚轮、 后滚轮、 前滚轮滚道、 后滚轮滚道、 伸缩臂、 伸缩支撑臂， 将 前滚轮滚道设置在伸缩臂上或设置在伸缩支撑臂上，将后滚轮滚道设置在伸缩支撑臂上或 设置在伸缩臂上或设置在机身上，将前滚轮设置在伸缩支撑臂上或设置在伸缩臂上，将后 滚轮设置在伸缩臂上或设置在伸缩支撑臂上，将前滚轮滚道与后滚轮滚道平行设置，使前 滚轮在前滚轮滚道内滚动，使后滚轮在后滚轮滚道内滚动， 使前滚轮与后滚轮配合通过滚 动摩擦支撑伸缩臂在伸缩支撑臂上滚动摩擦伸縮。 第二步： 设置工作头， 将工作头与伸缩臂连接， 伸缩臂带动工作头伸缩。
第三步： 使伸缩支撑臂与机身连接， 在机身下部设置行走装置， 行走装置带动机身行 走。
2. 一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法， 该方法是通过以下步骤实现的：将前 滚轮设置为固定轮， 将后滚轮设置为行走轮， 将前滚轮滚道设置为固定轮滚道， 将后滚轮 滚道设置为行走轮滚道，将固定轮滚道与行走轮滚道平行设置， 使固定轮滚道沿行走轮滚 道方向设置，且将固定轮滚道扣合在固定轮上，使行走轮滚道与固定轮滚道部分或全部重 合，将固定轮与行走轮的部分滚动行程段或全部滚动行程段重合，缩短固定轮滚道与行走 轮滚道前后设置的长度， 在同等伸縮距离条件下减少摇臂的长度，缩短工作头扭别机身的 力臂。
3. 实施权利要求 1 的一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法及摇臂滚动行程段 平行设置采掘机或装载机，其特征在于：所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机 包括摇臂、机身、工作头， 摇臂包括前滚轮、后滚轮、前滚轮滚道、后滚轮滚道、伸縮臂、 伸缩支撑臂，前滚轮滚道设置在伸缩臂上或设置在伸缩支撑臂上，后滚轮滚道设置在伸缩 支撑臂上或设置在伸缩臂上或设置在机身上，前滚轮设置在伸缩支撑臂上或设置在伸缩臂 上， 后滚轮设置在伸縮臂上或设置在伸缩支撑臂上， 前滚轮滚道与后滚轮滚道平行设置， 前滚轮在前滚轮滚道内滚动， 后滚轮在后滚轮滚道内滚动， 前滚轮与后滚轮配合通过滚动 摩擦支撑伸缩臂在伸缩支撑臂上滚动摩擦伸缩，工作头与伸缩臂连接，伸缩臂带动工作头 伸缩， 伸缩支撑臂与机身连接。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机，其特征在于：所述的工 作头包括滚耙或往复冲击头或挖斗或扒斗或截齿滚筒或破碎头或往复冲击头与挖斗组合 或滚耙与扒斗组合或滚耙与往复冲击头组合。
5. 根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于：所述的摇 臂包括滚耙摇臂或往复冲击头摇臂或挖掘装载摇臂或滚耙摇臂与往复冲击头摇臂组合或 往复冲击头摇臂与扒斗摇臂组合。
6. 根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于：所述的前 滚轮包括固定轮， 后滚轮包括行走轮， 前滚轮滚道包括固定轮滚道， 后滚轮滚道包括行走 轮滚道， 固定轮滚道与伸缩臂分体连接或为一体式，行走轮滚道与伸缩支撑臂分体连接或 为一体式， 伸縮支撑臂前端设置固定轮， 固定轮在固定轮滚道内滚动， 行走轮在行走轮滚 道内滚动， 行走轮固定在伸縮臂后部， 固定轮滚道与行走轮滚道平行设置， 固定轮与行走 轮的部分滚动行程段或全部滚动行程段重合，缩短固定轮滚道与行走轮滚道前后设置的长 度， 同等伸缩距离减少摇臂的长度， 降低摇臂的体积高度， 减短扭别损坏机身的力臂。
7. 根据权利要求 6所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于：所述的固 定轮滚道包括固定轮槽， 伸缩臂包括滚耙伸缩臂， 伸缩支撑臂包括滚耙伸縮支撑臂， 固定 轮槽与滚耙伸缩臂分体连接或为一体式，伸缩支撑臂上设置行走轮滚道， 后滚轮包括滑孔 滚轮， 行走轮滚道包括滑孔滚槽， 滑孔滚轮在滑孔滚槽内滚动， 滑孔滚轮固定在滚耙伸缩 臂后部， 固定轮槽与滑孔滚槽平行设置， 当大块物料将滚耙伸缩臂托起时， 固定轮槽吊起 固定轮将滚耙伸缩支撑臂拉起， 滑孔滚轮与固定轮支撑并拉住滚耙伸缩臂伸缩升降。
8. 根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于：所述的后 滚轮外表面设有凹面或凸面， 当后滚轮外表面设有凹面时，后滚轮滚道上对应地设有与后 滚轮凹面相扣合的凸面对伸缩臂滚动导向， 当后滚轮外表面设有凸面时，后滚轮滚道上对 应地设有与后滚轮凸面相扣合的凹面对伸缩臂滚动导向。
9. 根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机，其特征在于：所述的前 滚轮和后滚轮设置在伸缩臂与伸縮支撑臂之间形成滚动导向装置，滚动导向装置包括防止 泥、 水、 粉尘或物料进入滚动导向装置内部的防护件。
10.根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 前滚轮滚道包括 U形滚道或方形滚道或圆形滚道或 C形滚道或 [形滚道或 H形滚道。
11.根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 摇臂与机身通过旋转限位铰轴铰接或通过旋转结构连接，其铰接处或旋转连接处设有挡旋 限位结构， 挡旋限位结构包括旋转限位台、机身挡旋台， 旋转限位台绕旋转结构旋转或绕 限位铰轴旋转，旋转限位台旋转到伸缩支撑臂及工作头即将与铲板碰撞角度时，机身挡旋 台与旋转限位台贴紧，机身挡旋台阻挡旋转限位台继续旋转，通过限制摇臂旋转角度限制 其继续下落， 使摇臂及工作头与铲板始终保持合理安全间隙。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 机身包括铲板架、机身架、铲板控制器， 铲板架与机身架铰接或铲板架与机身架通过旋转 结构连接， 铲板控制器一端设置在机身架上， 另一端设置在铲板架上， 铲板控制器驱动铲 板单向旋转升降或多向旋转升降。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 机身和 /或摇臂包括挡卸料装置， 挡卸料装置包括板式卸料装置或叉式卸料装置或刷式卸 料装置或齿式卸料装置。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 前滚轮包括滚柱或腰鼓轮或多向轮。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 后滚轮包括合金钢滚轮或普通钢滚轮或高分子材料滚轮或橡胶滚轮或陶瓷滚轮。
根据权利要求 12所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 铲板控制器设置在机身上部，机身包括铲板控制器支架，铲板控制器一端铰接在铲板控制 器支架上或通过旋转结构与铲板控制器支架连接，另一端与铲板架连接，铲板架与机身架 连接处设置在机身下部，机身上部的铲板控制器支架距离铲板架与机身架连接处的力臂大 于铲板控制器设置在机身架下部吋铲板控制器支架距离铲板架与机身架连接处的力臂，铲 板控制器驱动铲板架， 铲板架带动铲板升降， 减少动力消耗及铲板控制器的数量。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 后滚轮滚道包括防摆动滚槽， 后滚轮包括防摆动滚轮， 防摆动滚槽与机身分体连接或固定 连接， 防摆动滚轮在防摆动滚槽中直线往复滚动支撑伸缩臂滚动摩擦伸缩，通过防摆动滚 轮限制伸缩臂左右摆动。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 后滚轮滚道包括防摆动滚槽， 前滚轮滚道包括升降滚槽， 防摆动滚槽与升降滚槽分体平行 设置或设置为一体， 前滚轮为升降滚轮， 后滚轮为防摆动滚轮， 升降滚轮在升降滚槽中滚 动， 防摆动滚轮在防摆动滚槽中滚动， 摇臂与机身铰接或摇臂与机身通过旋转结构连接， 通过防摆动滚轮限制伸缩臂无方向性左右摆动且通过升降滚轮带动伸缩支撑臂升降，降低 防摆动滚槽和升降滚槽上下设置的高度， 降低摇臂的体积高度， 升降滚槽和 /或防摆动滚 槽对摇臂导向。 根据权利要求 11所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 挡旋限位结构使摇臂相对于地面形成倾斜角，该倾斜角度使工作头不与铲板相碰撞，倾斜 角度在摇臂使工作头伸出铲板上部时低于铲板，对铲板前部物料采掘、铣削、装载或破碎。 根据权利要求 12或 16所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的机身包括铲板架,摇臂下部的铲板架上设有铲板架限位托台， 铲板架限位托台在摇 臂及工作头下落至即将与铲板碰撞时将伸缩支撑臂托起，防止摇臂及工作头下落与铲板碰 撞。
根据权利要求 20所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 铲板架限位托台上设有缓冲件， 缓冲件吸收摇臂下落时的冲击力。
根据权利要求 21所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 缓冲件包括橡胶缓冲垫或弹簧缓冲垫或聚氨酯缓冲垫或尼龙缓冲垫或高分子材料缓冲垫。 根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 工作头包括滚耙， 滚耙包括耙齿、耙齿筒， 耙齿齿尖到耙齿筒中心线的长度大于耙齿筒的 半径。
根据权利要求 23所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 耙齿为锨头或镐头或象牙齿或锤头或斧头或镢头或为多种形状的组合。
根据权利要求 11、 12、 16或 18所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特 征在于： 所述的旋转结构包括球头球槽式、 弧型扣槽式、 挠性万向节联接头、 万向节轴承 联接头、 万向联轴器联接头、 关节轴承联接头或球型铰接机构。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机，其特征在于：所述的机 身包括旋转盘， 旋转盘包括旋转内盘、旋转外盘， 旋转内盘与旋转外盘相对旋转， 当旋转 内盘固定在机身上时旋转外盘相对于旋转内盘旋转，当旋转外盘固定在机身上时旋转内盘 相对于旋转外盘旋转， 摇臂一端与旋转的旋转内盘连接或与旋转的旋转外盘连接，机身包 括旋转盘旋转控制件， 旋转盘旋转控制件驱动旋转内盘旋转或驱动旋转外盘旋转，伸缩臂 控制件一端与旋转的旋转内盘连接或与旋转的旋转外盘连接，另一端与伸缩臂连接，摇臂 随旋转盘旋转， 增加采掘和 /或装载范围。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 摇臂或机身包括左右移动控制件， 伸缩臂包括伸缩段、支撑工作头段， 伸缩段与支撑工作 头段铰接，铰轴垂直于地面设置，伸缩控制件一端与机身通过旋转结构连接或与伸缩支撑 臂连接，另一端与伸缩段连接，左右移动控制件一端通过旋转结构与机身连接或与伸缩支 撑臂连接或与伸缩段连接，另一端与支撑工作头段连接，左右移动控制件驱动支撑工作头 段左右移动， 左右移动控制件带动支撑工作头段左右移动。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 摇臂和 /或机身包括滚耙驱动装置， 滚耙包括耙齿、 耙齿筒， 滚耙驱动装置包括电机或马 达， 电机或马达设置于耙齿筒内或耙齿筒外。
根据权利要求 28所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 滚耙驱动装置包括传动器，传动器包括齿轮传动器或皮带传动器或链轮传动器或绳轮传动 器。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 前滚轮包括固定轮外轮、 固定轮轴， 固定轮外轮与固定轮轴分体连接或为一体式。
根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 伸缩支撑臂与机身铰接或与机身通过旋转结构连接或与机身固定连接。
根据权利要求 26所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 旋转盘旋转控制件包括伸缩油缸或齿轮与齿条或绳与卷绳器或伸缩气缸或链轮与链条。 根据权利要求 3所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 机身包括摇臂升降控制器， 升降控制器控制摇臂上下升降， 升降控制器包括升降油缸或齿 轮与齿条或绳与卷绳器或升降气缸或链轮与链条。
根据权利要求 26所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 旋转盘包括多层旋转盘， 多层旋转盘包括下层旋转盘、 上层旋转盘。
根据权利要求 34所述的摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机， 其特征在于： 所述的 下层旋转盘上设置滚耙摇臂， 上层旋转盘上设置往复冲击头摇臂， 下层旋转盘带动滚耙摇 臂左右和 /或上下转动， 上层旋转盘带动往复冲击头摇臂上下和 /或左右转动，且滚耙摇臂 与往复冲击头摇臂相配合多方位多角度采掘及装载物料。
PCT/CN2013/001448 2012-11-26 2013-11-26 一种摇臂滚动摩擦伸缩滚动行程段平行设置的方法及摇臂滚动行程段平行设置采掘机或装载机 WO2014082375A1 (zh)

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EA201591037A EA201591037A1 (ru) 2012-11-26 2013-11-26 Способ параллельного расположения участков хода качения коромысла, выдвигающихся и убирающихся с трением качения, и экскаватор или погрузчик, содержащий коромысло, имеющее участки хода качения, расположенные параллельно
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CA2892409A1 (en) 2014-06-05
US20150315909A1 (en) 2015-11-05
WO2014082376A1 (zh) 2014-06-05
CN103835325A (zh) 2014-06-04
MX2015006608A (es) 2017-02-28
EP2927422A4 (en) 2016-08-17
EP2927422A1 (en) 2015-10-07
EA201591037A1 (ru) 2015-11-30

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