AU2013302125A2

AU2013302125A2 - Method for guiding and multipoint supporting reciprocating impacter and device for implementing method for guiding and multipoint supporting reciprocating impacter

Info

Publication number: AU2013302125A2
Application number: AU2013302125A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Suhua LIU
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-08-06
Filing date: 2013-10-08
Publication date: 2015-05-07
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-08
Also published as: AU2013302126B2; EA201590337A1; UA118958C2; AP2015008300A0; EA035742B9; AU2013302125B2; WO2014023086A3; AU2013302126A2; AP2015008301A0; AU2013302126A1; WO2014023086A2; EA201590336A1; WO2014023085A1; AU2013302125A1; EA035742B1

Abstract

A multi-point guidance support method for reciprocating impact machine, comprising a crank drive device (1), a hydraulic drive device (8), or a pneumatic drive device, a reciprocating impact machine (2), friction bodies (7), and a frame (4), a housing body (10), or a cylinder body (9) having a power support piece (4.1) and a guidance support piece (4.2). The friction bodies (7) are disposed between the guidance support piece (4.2) and an impact guidance piece (6), between the cylinder body (9) and the impact guidance piece (6), or between a power drive piece (5) and the power support piece (4.1). The friction bodies (7) comprise rollers (7.1) or suspension bodies (7.2). The guidance support piece (4.2) forms at least two guidance support points at at least two ends of the power support piece (4.1). Also disclosed is a reciprocating impact machine device having multi-point guidance support that implements the method. The friction bodies, the impact guidance piece, and the guidance support piece fit together closely to form a reciprocating impact machine structure having multi-point support. The reciprocating impact machine structure having multi-point support centralizes the impact direction of the reciprocating impact machine by means of the reciprocating impact machine having multi-point support.

Description

METHOD FOR GUIDING AND MULTIPOINT SUPPORTING RECIPROCATING IMPACTER AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING METHOD FOR GUIDING AND MULTIPOINT SUPPORTING RECIPROCATING IMPACTER Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of machinery, is adapted to the field of reciprocating drive and in particular to a method for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter and a device for implementing the method for gu iding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter in the mining field or crushing field or loading field. Background of the Invention Coal cutters. roadheaders and excavators are collectively referred to as mining machines. The invention with patent No. 96100994.2 proposes an impact coal cutter, the impact coal dropping mechanism of the mining machine adopts a reciprocating impact mining marner, since the reciprocating impacter of the impact device thereof is large in weight and large in volume, and the guide device thereof adopts a sliding friction manner. the coal cutter only mines ten or a little more meters at the site and could not continue to work due to the severe attrition of the guide device, other impact coal cutters adopt a rolling friction manner to improve the application effect, but since the reciprocating impacter has a large height and a large volume, a guide rolling body is arranged at the inner side of a supporting part, and the guide element of the reciprocating impacter is arranged at the inner sides of the supporting part and the guide rolling body, the supporting width of the guide element on the reciprocating impacter is small and the supporting points are few, moreover, the guide rolling body at the upper part only plays a rolling friction function on the reciprocating impacter while playing no supporting function, since the rolling body is arranged at the upper part of the guide element, the connecting width and height between the guide element and the reciprocating impacter are decreased, the weight of the reciprocating impacter is applied to the guide rolling body at the lower part, when impacting a coal wall or a palisade or cement concrete and the like, the capacious reciprocating impacter is subjected to a very large external breaking impact force, the impacter applies a breaking force on the guide element with a small righting width and few righting 1 points on the reciprocating impacter, resulting in quick damage of the guide element, the rolling body and a power system, the guide rolling bodies are arranged at the upper and lower ends of an impact guide element, the upper and lower rolling bodies need to occupy a large space, so that the size of the impact guide element for supporting and righting an impact head is relatively decreased, resulting in insufficient supporting and righting force for the impact head, the upper and lower guide rolling bodies are arranged at the outer side of the impact guide element to increase the height and/or width of an impact guide mechanism, when multiple layers of impact heads are arranged, the upper and lower impact heads must be processed higher and larger on a higher guide mechanism, and the higher and larger impact heads are bound to increase the impact resistance, particularly, since the impact head of the coal cutter and the like must be larger than the power box in height and width, only under the condition that the impact head impacts a height and a width larger than those of the power box and the total mining height is larger than the total height of the machine body, the power box and the machine body can pass to achieve continuous coal mining, for example, to match with a bendable scraper conveyer for transshipment, a reciprocating impact coal cutter must have a certain mining floor based quantity and must have an enough roof cutting quantity to facilitate the smooth propulsion of a hydraulic bracket, accordingly, the impact head must be provided with a certain height, namely, the impact head must be processed larger and heavier. However, when impacting a material, the larger and heavier impact head contacts a large area of the material at one time, resulting in concentrated and strong counterforce, when impacting the material, upper and lower impact teeth have large breaking torques, the uneven stress generates a lateral force, the lateral force and the impact counterforce are transmitted to a driving mechanism and the machine body, which is prone to damaging the driving mechanism, the impact counterforce is liable to form resonance with the machine body to deform the machine body and will cause such problems as impact mining area collapse and the like in serve conditions, leading to the severe loss due to continuous working failure of the equipment. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for gi ding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter and a device for implementing the method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter. 2 Summary of the Invention The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A method for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter, including the following steps: a crank driving device or a hydraulic driving device or a pneumatic driving device or the like is arranged, a crank driving device supporting mechanism or a hydraulic driving device cylinder body or a pneumatic driving device cylinder body is arranged, the supporting mechanism is configured as a bracket or a box body, a power supporting element, a guide supporting element and the like are arranged on the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, the power supporting element and the guide supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power supporting element is separately connected or integrated with the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, a rolling body supporting element is configured as a guide rolling body supporting element or a power rolling body supporting element, the guide rolling body supporting element and the power rolling body supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power rolling body supporting element is configured as a crank structure rolling body supporting element or a piston rolling body supporting element, a friction body is arranged, the friction body is arranged between the guide supporting element and an impact guide element or between the cylinder body and the impact guide element or between the power supporting element and a power impact element, the friction body is configured as a rolling body or a suspension body, the rolling body is configured as a guide rolling body and/or a power rolling body the guide rolling body and the power rolling body are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power rolling body is configured as a crank structure rolling body or a piston rolling body, the suspension body is configured as a guide suspension body and/or a power suspension body, the guide suspension body and the power suspension body are separated or separately connected or integrated, the suspension body is configured as a magnetic suspension body or a liquid suspension body or a gas suspension body or the like, the power impact element and the impact guide element are arranged on the crank driving device or the hydraulic driving device or the pneumatic driving device or the like, the impact guide element and the power impact element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power impact element is arranged in the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body supports the power impact element, the power impact element is 3 configured as a crank structure or a piston, the guide supporting element is arranged at more than two end parts of the power supporting element to form more than two guide supporting points, the more than two end parts are at spatial positions of more than two end parts of the guide supporting element body or more than two end parts out of the guide supporting element body, the impact guide element is configured as an upper impact guide element and a lower impact guide element and/or a left impact guide element and a right impact guide element and the like, the more than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element are respectively arranged at the end parts of the reciprocating impacter, the more than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element to play a multipoint supporting function on the reciprocating impacter, the power impact element drives the reciprocating impacter, the friction body and the impact guide element are in close fit with the guide supporting element to form a multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, and the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure rights the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter by multipoint supporting the reciprocating impiacter. According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, the additional steps are as follows: the multipoint supporting impact guide element is actually the deformation extension of the power impact element, by means of the deformation extension of the power impact element, the righting width of the reciprocating impacter is widened to the maximum, the righting force of the reciprocating impacter is enlarged, the reciprocating impacter is controlled at the maximum force, and the damage of an impact breaking force and a counterforce to the crank driving device or the hydraulic driving device or the pneumatic driving device is avoided. According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, the additional steps are as follows: the rolling body supporting element is configured to be integrated with the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, to reduce the space occupied by the rolling body 4 supporting element, the rolling body supporting element is configured to be integrated with the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, so that the structural strength is large and the utility rate of space is high, the limited space is used for increasing the volume of the rolling body, improving the bearing capacity of the rolling body, and increasing the contact area of the rolling body with the guide supporting element or the multipoint supporting impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, in order to avoid over large local pressure and over serious attrition of the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element due to over small size of the rolling body. According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacted, the additional steps are as follows: the friction body is configured as an upper groove and a lower groove, the bottom of the upper groove and the bottom of the lower groove are arranged in a back to back manner to form a back-to-back groove structure, the upper impact guide element is arranged on the concave surface of the upper groove, the lower impact guide element is arranged on the concave surface of the lower groove, the lower impact guide element is fixed at the lower end of the reciprocating impacter, and the upper impact guide element is fixed at the upper end of the reciprocating impacter to form multipoint support to the back-to-back groove structure, the upper groove and the lower groove are arranged in a U-shaped guide frame or a frame-shaped guide frame formed by the reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are correspondingly buckled on the upper groove and the lower groove via the reciprocating impacter, the power impact element drives the reciprocating impacter or the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element to reciprocate, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element reciprocate in a rolling friction manner by means of the upper groove and the lower groove, the upper groove is closely buckled with the upper impact guide element to prevent the upper impact guide element from swinging left and right, the lower groove is closely buckled with the lower impact guide element to prevent the lower impact guide element from swinging left and right, when the upper impact guide element moves upwards, the lower impact 5 guide element tensions the upper impact guide element through the reciprocating impacter and the lower groove to control the upper impact guide element to not move upwards, when the lower impact guide element moves downwards, the upper impact guide element controls the lower impact guide element to not move downwards through the upper groove, no friction body is arranged at the upper part of the upper impact guide element and/or no friction body is arranged at the lower part of the lower impact guide element, the impact guide element is arranged in a space occupied by an upper friction body and/or a lower friction body, and the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are respectively arranged at the two ends of the reciprocating impacter, to relatively increase the distance between the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element to heighten and/or widen the righting force of the reciprocating impacter, and relatively decrease the height and/or width of the reciprocating impacted to reduce the impact resistance caused by excessive width or excessive height of the reciprocating impacter According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, the additional steps are as follows: the upper groove and the lower groove are arranged in the forms of left and right back-to-back grooves and/or upper and lower back-to-back grooves, in order to control the left and right movement and/or up and down movement of the impact guide element. According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, the additional steps are as follows: the groove is configured as waist drum wheels, grooves are arranged on the waist drum wheels, projections or circular arcs buckled with the waist drum wheels are correspondingly arranged on the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, and an upper groove of an upper waist drum wheel and a lower groove of a lower waist drum wheel form a rolling back-to-back groove structure of the waist drum wheel, and the waist drum wheels control the impact direction of the impact guide element through the groove. According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, the additional steps are as follows: the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are arranged, one ends of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the same reciprocating impacter., the other ends of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the same power impact element, the 6 reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element, the power impact element and the lower impact guide element form the frame-shaped guide frame or the U shaped guide frame, the back-to-back groove structure is arranged in the frame shaped guide frame or the U-shaped guide frame, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are closely buckled with the back-to-back groove structure to support and right the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element increase the righting height anct/or width of the reciprocating impacter, and the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are separated from or separately connected or integrated with the power impact element. According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacted, the additional steps are as follows: the friction body at the upper part of the upper impact guide element is removed and the friction body at the lower part of the lower impact guide element is removed to reduce the height of the back-to-back groove guide mechanism, so as to reduce the height of the reciprocating impacter, the number of the used friction bodies is decreased by use of the back-to back groove guide mechanism, a larger reciprocating impacter is processed smaller or a single reciprocating impacter with the same impact cutting height is changed into multiple reciprocating impacters, a single layer of reciprocating impacters with the same impact cutting height is changed into the combination of multiple layers of reciprocating impacters, the small reciprocating impacters of a combined reciprocating impacter use the same power source, each small reciprocating impacter at each time generates reduced impact area, large impact force, small impact resistance and the like at each time, multiple small reciprocating impacters alternatively impact rocks or coal beds or cement coagulation matters or compacted mudstones and the like in a reciprocating manner, in order to achieve instantaneous concentrated use of power, and the multiple reciprocating impacters alternatively impact, thereby being unlikely to generate resonance and reducing the impact resistance and the breaking force. According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, the additional steps are as follows: a limiting structure is arranged on the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body or the impact guide element or the power impact element or the friction body, the limiting structure is configured as a guide limiting structure or a power limiting structure, the guide 7 limiting structure and the power limiting structure are separated or separately connected or integrated, the guide rolling body or the guide suspension body is arranged on the guide limiting structure, the power rolling body or the power suspension body is arranged on the power limiting structure, the limiting structure is used for limiting the space and position of the friction body, and the friction body is used for supporting the impact guide element or the power impact element or the cylinder body to reciprocate. According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, the additional steps are as follows: the friction body is arranged in a pressure bearing friction area between the impact guide element and the guide supporting element or between the piston and the cylinder body or between the power impact element and the power supporting element, the friction body is used for bearing the reciprocating impact friction force and the extrusion force via rolling or suspension, the reciprocating impact friction force and the extrusion force are applied on the friction body, and the friction resistance is reduced by rolling or suspension and the extrusion force is decomposed to greatly reduce the breakage strength of the sliding friction force and the extrusion force. Compared with the sliding friction structure, the requirements on the strength and toughness of the impact guide element and the guide supporting element or the piston and the cylinder body or the power impact element and the power supporting element are reduced, the weight of the impact guide element or the guide supporting element or the piston or the cylinder body or the power impact element or the power supporting element is reduced, or the impact guide element or the guide supporting element or the piston or the cylinder body or the power impact element or the power supporting element is made from a light material to reduce the energy consumption of reciprocating motion. According to the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, the additional steps are as follows: the guide supporting element or the cylinder body is configured as an internal body, the impact guide element is configured as an external sleeve, the friction body is arranged between the external sleeve and the internal body, the external sleeve, the internal body and the friction body to drive the external sleeve form close fit to reciprocate by means of rolling friction or suspension friction, the internal body is used for supporting the friction body and the external sleeve, the reciprocating impacter and the external 8 sleeve are separately connected or are integrated, and the reciprocating impacter reciprocates under the multipoint support of the external sleeve. A device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter for implementing the above-mentioned method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, including a crank driving device or a hydraulic driving device or a pneumatic driving device and a reciprocating impacter, wherein the crank driving device includes a supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism includes a bracket or a box body, the hydraulic driving device or the pneumatic driving device includes a cylinder body, the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body includes a power supporting element and a guide supporting element, the power supporting element and the guide supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power supporting element is separately connected or integrated with the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, the guide supporting element or the power supporting element includes a rolling body supporting element or a suspension body supporting element, the rolling body supporting element and the suspension body supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the rolling body supporting element includes a guide rolling body supporting element or a power rolling body supporting element, the guide rolling body supporting element and the power rolling body supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power rolling body supporting element includes a crank structure rolling body supporting element or a piston rolling body supporting element, the suspension body supporting element includes a guide suspension body supporting element or a power suspension body supporting element, the guide suspension body supporting element and the power suspension body supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the crank driving device or the hydraulic driving device or the pneumatic driving device further includes a power impact element, an impact guide element, a friction body and the like, the impact guide element and the power impact element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power impact element includes a crank structure or a piston, the power impact element is arranged in the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body supports the power impact element, the friction body is arranged between the guide supporting element and the impact guide element or between the cylinder body and the impact guide element or between the power impact element and the power supporting element, the friction body includes a 9 rolling body or a suspension body, the rolling body includes a guide rolling body and/or a power rolling body, the guide rolling body and the power rolling body are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power rolling body includes a crank structure rolling body or a piston rolling body, the suspension body includes a guide suspension body and/or a power suspension body, the guide suspension body and the power suspension body are separated or separately connected or integrated, the suspension body includes a magnetic suspension body or a liquid suspension body or a gas suspension body, the guide supporting element is arranged at more than two end parts of the power supporting element to form more than two guide supporting points, the more than two end parts are spatial positions at more than two end parts of the guide supporting element body or more than two end parts out of the guide supporting element body, the impact guide element includes an upper impact guide element and a lower impact guide element and/or a left impact guide element and a right impact guide element, the more than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element are respectively arranged at the end parts of the reciprocating impacter, the more than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element to play a multipoint supporting function on the reciprocating impacter, the power impact element drives the reciprocating impacted, the friction body and the impact guide element are in close fit with the guide supporting element to form a multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, and the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure rights the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter by multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter More than two columns of friction bodies are arranged at the surrounding of one power impact element, the more than two columns of friction bodies bear the gravity load of the reciprocating impacter and/or the power impact element, and more than one friction body in a coumm of friction bodies supports the reciprocating impacter to impact in a reciprocating manner, to avoid the concentrated damage to the friction bodies resulting in from that only a column of friction bodies bears the gravity load of the reciprocating impacter and/or the power impact element. 10 The rolling body supporting element is integrated with the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the piston or the cylinder body or the power impact element or the power supporting element, to reduce the space occupied by the rolling body supporting element, the rolling body supporting element is configured to be integrated with the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, so that the structural strength is large and the utility rate of space is high, the limited space is used for increasing the volume of the rolling body, improving the bearing capacity of the rolling body, and increasing the contact area of the rolling body with the impact guide element or the guide supporting element or the piston or the cylinder body or the power impact element or the power supporting element, in order to avoid over large local pressure and over large attrition of the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the piston or the cylinder body or the power impact element or the power supporting element due to over small size of the rolling body. The piston rolling body is arranged around the piston or arranged at one side of the piston or arranged at more than two sides of the piston, the piston and the piston rolling body are arranged in the cylinder body, under the support of the piston rolling body. the piston and the cylinder body reciprocate in a rolling friction manner, and the piston and the piston rolling body are separated or separately connected or integrated. The bracket or the box body or the impact guide element or the power impact element or the cylinder body or the friction body includes a limiting structure, the limiting structure includes a guide limiting structure or a power limiting structure, the guide limiting structure and the power limiting structure are separated or separately connected or integrated, the guide rolling body or the guide suspension body is arranged on the guide limiting structure, the power rolling body or the power suspension body is arranged on the power limiting structure, the limiting structure limits the space and position of the friction body, and the friction body supports the impact guide element or the power impact element or the cylinder body to reciprocate. The rolling body supporting element includes a raceway, and the raceway includes a reciprocating travel segment or a circular raceway or a linear raceway or a deforned raceway or the like. The rolling body supporting element or the impact guide element or the piston or the cylinder body or the power impact element includes a raceway, the raceway and the 11 rolling body supporting element are separately connected or integrated, the rolling body is arranged in the raceway, the guide rolling body forms rolling friction with the guide rolling body supporting element and the impact guide element, or the power rolling body forms rolling friction with the piston and the cylinder body, or the power rolling body forms rolling friction with the power impact element and the power rolling body supporting element. When the friction body is arranged on the power impact element or the impact guide element, the weights at the two ends out of the central point of the overlapped segment of the friction body with the power impact element or the impact guide element are equal or basically equal, in order to keep the gravity balance of the power impact element or the impact guide element at a static or dynamic state. A wear-resistant material or a high-strength material or the like is arranged on the rolling bearing segment of the impact guide element or the rolling bearing segment of the rolling body supporting element or the rolling bearing segment of the power impact element or the rolling bearing segment of the cylinder body or the rolling bearing segment of the piston or the rolling bearing segment of the rolling body. A holder is arranged between the gi de rolling body supporting element and the impact guide element or between the power rolling body supporting element and the power impact element, the rolling body is arranged on the holder, the thickness of the holder is smaller than the diameter of the rolling body, the two parts of the rolling body higher than the holder are respectively arranged on the guide rolling body supporting element and the impact guide element or respectively arranged on the power rolling body supporting element and the power impact element, the holder is singly arranged or fixed on the impact guide element or the guide rolling body supporting element or the power rolling body supporting element or the power impact element, the guide rolling body supporting element and the impact guide element are in close fit with the rolling body to drive the impact guide element to reciprocate through rolling friction, or the power rolling body supporting element and the power impact element are in close fit with the rolling body to drive the power impact element to reciprocate through rolling friction. The limiting structure includes an internal body or an extemal sleeve, the external sleeve includes a U-shaped external sleeve or a frame-shaped external sleeve or a cylindrical external sleeve, the internal body or the external sleeve includes a guide limiting structure, the rolling body is arranged on the guide limiting structure, the 12 guide limiting structure limits the space of the rolling body, the external sleeve and the internal body are in close fit with the rolling body to multipoint support the reciprocating impacter to impact through rolling friction and right the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter through rolling friction, and the connecting width, the righting force and the supporting strength of the reciprocating impacter are enlarged by more than two guide supporting points. An anti-breakage mechanism is arranged at one end or two ends of the power impact element, the anti-breakage mechanism includes a rotary structure or a separate structure, the rotary structure or the separate structure is cooperatively used with the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, the reciprocating impacter is supported by more than two guide supporting points, the power impact element propels the reciprocating impacter to impact in a reciprocating manner, the gravity of the reciprocating impacter is applied on the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, to reduce the gravity breakage damage of the power impact element, the counterforce breaking force generated by the reciprocating impacter is applied on the rotary structure or the separate structure, the rotary structure is stressed to rotate or the separate structure separates to isolate the impact counterforce breaking force, the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure supports the reciprocating impacter to impact through rolling friction and rights the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter through rolling friction. The rolling body includes a roller, the roller, the roller is arranged between the guide rolling body supporting element and the impact guide element or between the cylinder body and the piston or between the power rolling body supporting element and the power impact element, the roller includes a roller shaft and an outer wheel, the roller shaft is arranged on the guide rolling body supporting element, and the roller rolls by leaning against the impact guide element; or the roller shaft is arranged on the impact guide element, and the roller rolls by leaning against the guide rolling body supporting element; or the roller shaft is arranged on the piston, and the roller rolls by leaning against the cylinder body; or when the roller shaft is arranged on the cylinder body, the roller rolls by leaning against the piston; or when the roller shaft is arranged on the power impact element, the roller rolls by leaning against the power rolling body supporting element; or when the roller shaft is arranged on the power rolling body supporting element, the roller rolls by leaning against the power impact element, and the roller shaft and the outer wheel are separated or integrated. 13 The impact guide element includes a raceway impact guide element or a pit impact guide element or a tape holder impact guide element or a circular raceway impact guide element or a travel segment impact guide element or a limiting impact guide element or a cylindrical impact guide element or a U-shaped impact guide element or a V-shaped impact guide element or a polygonal impact guide element or a frame shaped impact guide element or a deformed impact guide element or an E-shaped impact guide element or the like. The rolling body supporting element includes a raceway rolling body supporting element or a pit rolling body supporting element or a tape holder rolling body supporting element or a circular raceway rolling body supporting elem ent or a travel segment rolling body supporting element or a limiting rolling body supporting element or a cylindrical rolling body supporting element or a U-shaped rolling body supporting element or a V-shaped rolling body supporting element or a polygonal rolling body supporting element or a frame-shaped rolling body supporting element or a box body rolling body supporting element or a deformed rolling body supporting element or the like. The power impact element includes a raceway power impact element or a pit power impact element or a tape holder power impact element or a circular raceway power impact element or a travel segment power impact element or a limiting power impact element or a cylindrical power impact element or a U-shaped power impact element or a frame-shaped power impact element or a deformed power impact element or an E-shaped power impact element or a polygonal power impact element or the like. The impact guide element is a U-shaped impact guide element, the U-shaped impact gu ide element includes a left U-shaped impact gide element and a right U-shaped impact guide element, the guide rolling body supporting element includes a left guide rolling body supporting element and a right guide rolling body supporting element, the guide rolling body is arranged between the U-shaped impact guide element and the guide rolling body supporting element, and the guide rolling body, the U-shaped impact guide element and the guide rolling body supporting element are matched to enable the guide rolling body to multipoint support the U-shaped impact guide element to reciprocate through rolling friction and to guide through roiling friction. The impact guide element is a frame-shaped impact guide element, the frame-shaped impact guide element includes an upper frame-shaped impact guide element and a lower frame-shaped impact guide element, the guide rolling body supporting element 14 includes an upper guide rolling body supporting element and a lower guide rolling body supporting element, the guide rolling body is arranged between the upper frame shaped impact guide element and the upper guide rolling body supporting element and between the lower frame-shaped impact guide element and the lower guide rolling body supporting element, and the guide rolling body, the frame-shaped impact guide element and the guide rolling body supporting element are matched to enable the guide rolling body to multipoint support the frame-shaped impact guide element to reciprocate through rolling friction and to guide through rolling friction. The impact guide element is a frame-shaped impact guide element or a U-shaped impact guide element, the frame-shaped impact guide element or the U-shaped impact guide element includes an upper impact guide element and a lower impact guide element, the friction body is configured as a back-to-back structure, the back-to-back structure includes an upper groove and a lower groove, the upper impact gide element and the lower impact guide element are respectively fixed at the two ends of the same reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element is buckled in the upper groove, the lower impact guide element is buckled in the lower groove, the supporting mechanism supports the back-to-back structure, the crank driving device includes the power impact element, the power impact element is connected with the reciprocating impacter or the impact guide element, the power impact element drives the impact guide element and/or the reciprocating impacted to reciprocate in a rolling friction manner, the back-to-back structure supports the impact guide element to reciprocate, and the back-to-back structure and the impact guide element right the reciprocating direction of the reciprocating impacter. The upper groove and the lower groove are arranged in the forms of left and right back-to-back grooves and/or upper and lower back-to-back grooves, in order to control the left and right movement and/or up and down movement of the impact guide element. The back-to-back structure includes waist drum wheels, the grooves are arranged on the waist drum wheels, projections or circular arcs buckled with the waist drum wheels are correspondingly arranged on the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, and an upper groove of an upper waist drum wheel and a lower groove of a lower waist drum wheel form a rolling back-to-back groove structure of the waist drum wheels. 15 The rolling friction back-to-back groove structure of the waist drum wheel is arranged in the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, the waist drum wheel controls the impact direction of the impact guide element through the grooves, the rolling body supporting mechanism supports the waist drum wheel through a bearing, the impact counterforce of the reciprocating impacter is applied on the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, the waist drum wheel supports and rights the reciprocating impacter, the waist drum wheel transmits the supporting force and the impact counterforce to the bearing, and the bearing bears the impact counterforce and the supporting force, to greatly improve the performance and the service life of the back-to-back groove structure. The power impact element includes more than two power impact elements, the power rolling body supporting element supports the more than two power impact elements, the guide rolling body supporting element is arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the power rolling body supporting element corresponding to each power impact element, the guide rolling body supporting element includes an upper guide rolling body supporting element and a lower guide rolling body supporting element, the power impact elements are arranged in the upper guide rolling body supporting element and the lower guide rolling body supporting element, the impact guide element is a U-shaped impact guide element or a frame-shaped impact guide element or a cylindrical impact guide element, the impact guide element includes an upper impact guide element and a lower impact guide element, the guide rolling body is arranged between the upper impact guide element and the upper guide rolling body supporting element and between the lower impact guide element and the lower guide rolling body supporting element, and the power impact element drives the reciprocating impacter or the impact guide element to impact. The head of the impact guide element is stretched out from the box body, a sealing element is arranged between the impact guide element and the box body, and the telescopic friction segment of the impact guide element is cylindrical. When the crank driving device is arranged between the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, the parts telescoping in the box body of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are processed to be cylindrical, the reciprocating segments of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element in the box body are configured to be square or semicircular or crescent or triangular or deformed, in order to reduce the space 16 occupied by the diameter of the cylindrical impact guide element, the crank driving device is placed in the saved space thereof, to further reduce the height and/or width of the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, so as to correspondinglv reduce the height and/or width of the reciprocating impacter to reduce the impact resistance. The crank driving device is arranged at the rears of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element to reduce the space occupied by the crank driving device, and only the friction body is placed between the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, thus reducing the height and volume of the guide mechanism, reducing the height of the reciprocating impacter, decreasing the impact area and reducing the impact counterforce. The reciprocating impacters are arranged at the two ends of the impact guide element, or the reciprocating impacter is arranged at one end of the impact guide element and a counterweight is arranged at the other end thereof, or the reciprocating impacter is arranged at one end of the impact guide element. The reciprocating impacter includes a reciprocating impact head or a reciprocating crushing head or a reciprocating loading head or the like. The rolling bodies are arranged along the supporting mechanism or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the power impact element densely or at intervals, and the rolling bodies are arranged along the reciprocating impact direction in parallel or in a stagger manner or the like. The rolling body includes a spherical rolling body or an oval rolling body or a dumbbell-shaped rolling body or a cylindrical rolling body or a conical rolling body or a circular ring-shaped rolling body or a roller rolling body or a platform-shaped column rolling body or a platform-shaped ball rolling body or a platform-shaped drum rolling body or a groove-shaped drum rolling body or a groove-shaped column rolling body or a groove-shaped ball rolling body or a groove-shaped roller rolling body or a groove-shaped oval rolling body or a rolling body with a shaft or a rolling body with a hole or a polygonal key rolling body or a polygonal sleeve rolling body or a rolling drum-shaped rolling body or a ball rolling body or a rolling pin rolling body or a drum rolling body or a linear bearing or the like. The magnetic suspension supporting element includes an electromagnetic suspension supporting element or a permanent magnetic suspension supporting element, the electromagnetic suspension supporting element includes an electromagnet, the 17 permanent magnetic suspension supporting element includes a permanent magnet, and the electromagnet or the permanent magnet is arranged on the impact guide element and the magnetic suspension supporting element. The liquid suspension supporting element includes a liquid medium source, a control valve, a conveying pipeline and a liquid cavity, the liquid cavity is arranged on the liquid suspension supporting element, a liquid suspension body is forced on the liquid suspension supporting element, the impact guide element is arranged at the upper part of the liquid suspension body or at the middle parts of upper and lower liquid suspension bodies or at the middle part of a liquid suspension body cylinder or the like. The gas suspension supporting element includes a gas source, a control valve, a conveying pipeline, a gas cavity and the like, the gas cavity is arranged on the gas suspension supporting element, a gas suspension body is forned on the gas suspension supporting element, the impact guide element is arranged at the upper part of the gas suspension body or at the middle parts of upper and lower gas suspension bodies or at the middle part of a gas suspension body cylinder. The rolling body supporting element and the power supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, or the rolling body supporting element and the guide supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated. The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. More than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element are respectively arranged at the end parts of the reciprocating impacter, the more than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact gide element to play a multipoint supporting function on the reciprocating impacter, the friction body and the impact guide element are in close fit with the guide supporting element to form the nyultipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure rights the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter by multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter, the power impact element drives the reciprocating impacter, and the connecting width and the 18 supporting force of the reciprocating impacter are enlarged by the more than two guide supporting points. 2. The miultipoint supporting impact guide element is actually the defornation extension of the power impact element, by means of the deformation extension of the power impact element, the righting width of the reciprocating impacter is widened to the maximum, the righting force of the reciprocating impacter is enlarged, the reciprocating impacter is controlled at the maximum force, and the damage of an impact breaking force and a counterforce to the crank driving device or the hydraulic driving device or the pneumatic driving device is avoided. 3. The rolling body supporting element is configured to be integrated with the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, to reduce the space occupied by the rolling body supporting element, the rolling body supporting element is configured to be integrated with the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, so that the structural strength is large and the utility rate of space is high, the limited space is used for increasing the volume of the rolling body, improving the bearing capacity of the rolling body, and increasing the contact area of the rolling body with the guide supporting element or the multipoint supporting impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, in order to avoid over large local intensity of pressure and over large attrition of the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element due to over small size of the rolling body. 4. The upper groove is closely buckled with the upper impact guide element to prevent the upper impact guide element from swinging left and right, the lower groove is closely buckled with the lower impact guide element to prevent the lower impact guide element from swinging left and right, when the upper impact guide element moves upwards, the lower impact guide element tensions the upper impact guide element through the reciprocating impacter and the lower groove to control the upper impact guide element to not move upwards, when the lower impact guide element moves dowrnwards, the upper impact guide element controls the lower impact guide element to not move downwards through the upper groove, no friction body is arranged at the upper part of the upper impact guide element and/or no friction body is 19 arranged at the lower part of the lower impact guide element, the impact guide element is arranged in the space occupied by the upper friction body and/or the lower friction body, and the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are respectively arranged at the two ends of the reciprocating impacted to relatively increase the distance between the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element to heighten and/or widen the righting force of the reciprocating impacter. and relatively decrease the height and/or width of the reciprocating impacter to reduce the impact resistance caused by excessive width or excessive height of the reciprocating impacter. 5. The reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element, the power impact element and the lower impact guide element form the frame-shaped guide frame or the U-shaped guide frame, the back-to-back groove structure is arranged in the frame shaped guide frame or the U-shaped guide frame, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are closely buckled With the back-to-back groove structure to support and right the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element further increase the righting height and/or width of the reciprocating impacter, the height and'or width of the reciprocating impacter is further reduced, the height of the reciprocating impacter can be processed to be smaller than 400mm, a smaller impact head is used for mining low materials, and multiple smaller impact heads are combined to form mining mechanisms with different heights to mine higher and thicker materials. 6. The friction body at the upper part of the upper impact guide element is removed and the friction body at the lower part of the lower impact guide element is removed to reduce the height of the back-to-back groove guide mechanism, so as to reduce the height of the reciprocating impacter, the number of the used friction bodies is decreased by use of the back-to-back groove guide mechanism, a larger reciprocating impacter is processed smaller or a single reciprocating impacter with the same impact cutting height is changed into multiple reciprocating impacters, a single layer of reciprocating impacters with the same impact cutting height is changed into the combination of multiple layers of reciprocating impacters, the small reciprocating impacters of a combined reciprocating impacter use the same power source, each small reciprocating impacter generates reduced impact area, large impact force and small impact resistance at each time . multiple smaller reciprocating impacters alternatively impact rocks or coal beds or cement coagulation matters or compacted 20 mudstones or the like in a reciprocating manner, in order to achieve instantaneous concentrated use of power, and the multiple reciprocating impacters alternatively impact, thereby being unlikely to generate resonance and reducing the impact resistance and the breaking force. 7. The guide rolling body or the guide suspension body is arranged on the guide limiting structure, the power rolling body or the power suspension body is arranged on the power limiting structure, the limiting structure is used for limiting the space and position of the friction body, and the friction body is used for supporting the impact guide element or the power impact element or the cylinder body to reciprocate in a regulated interval. 8. The friction resistance is reduced by rolling or suspension and the extrusion force is decomposed to greatly reduce the breakage strength of the sliding friction force and the extrusion force, compared with the sliding friction structure, the required cents on the strength and toughness of the impact guide element and the guide supporting element or the piston and the cylinder body or the power impact element and the power supporting element are reduced, the weight of the impact guide element or the gu ide supporting element or the piston or the cylinder body or the power impact element or the power supporting element is reduced, or the impact guide element or the guide supporting element or the piston or the cylinder body or the power impact element or the power supporting element is made from a light material to reduce the energy consumption of reciprocating motion. 9. The more than two columns of friction bodies bear the gravity load of the reciprocating impacter and/or the power impact element, and more than one friction body in a column of friction bodies supports the reciprocating impacter to impact in a reciprocating manner, to avoid the concentrated damage to the friction bodies resulting in from that only a colunm of friction bodies bears the gravity load of the reciprocating impacter and/or the power impact element. 10. When the friction body is arranged on the power impact element or the impact guide element, the weights at the two ends out of the central point of the overlapped segment of the friction body with the power impact element or the impact guide element are equal or basically equal, to keep the gravity balance of the power impact element or the impact guide element at a static or dynamic state so as to reduce the breaking damage and local attrition caused by unbalanced gravitV. 21 11. The multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure supports the reciprocating impacter to impact through rolling friction and rights the impact direction of the reciprocating impacted through rolling friction, the counterforce breaking force generated by the reciprocating impacter is applied on the rotary structure or the separate structure, and the rotary structure is stressed to rotate or the separate structure separates to isolate the impact counterforce breaking force, so as to protect the power impact element from being damaged. 12. The rolling body supporting mechanism supports the waist drum wheel through the bearing, the impact counterforce of the reciprocating impacter is applied on the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, the waist drum wheel supports and rights the reciprocating impacter, the waist drum wheel transmits the supporting force and the impact counterforce to the bearing, and the bearing bears the impact counterforce and the supporting force, to greatly improve the performance and the service life of the back-to-back groove structure. 13. The parts telescoping in the box body of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are processed to be cylindrical, the reciprocating segments of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element in the box body are configured to be square or semicircular or crescent or triangular or deformed, in order to reduce the space occupied by the diameter of the cylindrical impact guide element, a connecting rod crank shaft is placed in the saved space thereof, to reduce the height and/or width of the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, so as to correspondingly reduce the height and/or width of the reciprocating impacter to reduce the impact resistance. 14. A crank connecting rod is arranged at the rears of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element to reduce the space occupied by the crank connecting rod, and only the friction body is placed between the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, thus reducing the height and volume of the guide mechanism, reducing the height of the reciprocating impacter, further decreasing the impact area and further reducing the impact counterforce. 15. The rolling body is arranged between the guide rolling body supporting element and the impact guide element or between the cylinder body and the impact guide element, the rolling body guides the impact guide element through rolling friction, and the rolling body performs a rolling guide function when playing the rolling friction function. 22 16. The rolling body guides the impact guide element through rolling friction, and the power rolling body supports the power impact element to reciprocate through rolling friction to reduce the friction resistance and dissipation when sliding friction is used for supporting the impact guide element and the power impact element to move; the guide rolling body and the piston rolling body are made from a high-strength wear resistant material, so that the device is long in service life, small in maintenance quantity and high in working efficiency. 17. The U-shaped or frame-shaped or cylindrical or other impact guide element is connected with the reciprocating impacter in a wide-scope and multi-point manner to forcefully right the movement direction of the reciprocating impacter and prevent the rotation of the reciprocating impacted, thereby not only increasing the length of the anti-breakage force arm of the impact guide element, but also reducing the breakage of the reciprocating impacter to the impact guide element. 18. The guide rolling body supporting element or the cylinder body is configured as the internal body, the impact guide element is configured as the external sleeve, the rolling body is arranged between the extemal sleeve and the internal body to form close fit among the external sleeve, the internal body and the rolling body to drive the external sleeve to reciprocate by means of rolling friction, which reduces the friction resistance of the external sleeve when sliding friction is used as support and greatly improves the function of absorbing the impact counterforce, so that the guide effect is good, the structure is simple, the vulnerable parts are few and the performance is stable. 19. The device is compact in structure, high in structural strength and is particularly suitable for reciprocating impact structures with large impact counterforce and large torsion, the connecting width of the impact guide element and the reciprocating impacter is increased by multipoint support, and the device is suitable for the use demands of a variety of sites with high power strength, large torsion, high driving frequency and the like. 20. The reciprocating impacters can be arranged at the two ends of the impact guide element, the reciprocating impacter can be the reciprocating impact head or the reciprocating crushing head or the reciprocating loading head or the like, one driving device drives two reciprocating impacters to impact, bidirectional impact can be achieved without turning the direction of the reciprocating impacter, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved; the reciprocating impacters are arranged at 23 the two ends of the impact guide element, or the reciprocating impacter is arranged at one end of the impact guide element and the counterweight is arranged at the other end thereof to ensure the gravity balance during reciprocating impact of the reciprocating impacter, reduce the breakage to the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure and the power component, guarantee the operation stability and prolong the service life. 21. The piston rolling body supports the piston and the cylinder body to reciprocate in a rolling friction manner, which changes the structure of jointed sliding friction reciprocating motion of the piston and the cylinder body, reduces the height or thickness of the guide segment of the piston, reduces the energy consumption, and meanwhile reduces the operation resistance of the piston, improves the operation speed and improves the working efficiency of the driving device. 22. The roller is arranged between the power rolling body supporting element and the power impact element or between the guide rolling body supporting element and the impact guide element or between the cylinder body and the piston, to further reduce the attrition between the components and prolong the service lives of the components, so that the failure rate is low, the maintenance quantity is small, and the working efficiency of the device is improved. In a use process, the roller is cleaner and more environmental-friendly, and no hazardous substance or poisonous gas or the like is generated due to excessive sliding friction, thus the quality of the working environment can be improved. 23. A wear-resistant material or a high-strength material is arranged at the pressure bearing segment of the circular raceway, thus improving the abrasive resistance of the raceway and improving the performance of the raceway for bearing mutual pressure and friction force between the components, and the wear-resistant material or the high-strength material is arranged locally to reduce the requirements on the integral abrasion resistance and the strength of corresponding components and reduce the extensive use of the corresponding components on the wear-resistant material or the high-strength material. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig.1 is a schematic diagrams of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment I; 24 Fig.2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacier in embodiment 2; Fig.3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and miutipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 3; Fig.4 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 4; Fig.5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 5; Fig.6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 6; Fig.7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 7; Fig.8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 8; Fig.9 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a hydraulic driving device of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 9; Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a hydraulic driving device of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 10; Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 11; Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a hydraulic driving device of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 12; Fig. 13 is an A-A section view in Fig. 12; Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a hydraulic driving device of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 13; Fig. 15 is an A direction view in embodiment 13; Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a B-B structure in Fig. 15; Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a local section of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 14; Fig.1 8 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 15; Fig.19 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and mltipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 16; 25 Fig.20 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 17; Fig.21 is a B-B section view in Fig.20; Fig.22 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 18; Fig.23 is a C-C section view in Fig.22; Fig.24 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 19; Fig.25 is a D-D section view in Fig.24; Fig.26 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and mtipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 20; Fig.27 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 21; Fig.28 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 22; Fig.29 is an A-A section view in Fig.28; Fig.30 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 23; Fig.31 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 24; Fig.32 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 25; Fig.33 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter in embodiment 26; Fig.34 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a waist drum wheel in embodiment 26. In the figures: 1. crank driving device, 2. reciprocating impacter, 2.1. reciprocating impact head, 3. supporting mechanism, 4. bracket., 4. 1. power supporting element, 4.11. power rolling body supporting element, 4.12. power suspension body supporting element, 4.2. guide supporting element, 4.21. guide rolling body supporting element., 4.211. ipper raceway guide rolling body supporting element, 4.212. lower raceway guide rolling body supporting element, 4.22. guide suspension body supporting element, 5. power impact element, 5.1. crank structure, 5.2. piston, 6. impact guide element, 6.1. square impact guide element, 6.2. U-shaped impact guide element, 6.21. U-shaped upper raceway impact guide element, 6.22. U-shaped lower raceway impact 26 guide element, 6.23. upper impact guide element, 6.24. lower impact guide element, 6.3. frame-shaped impact guide element, 6.31. frame-shaped upper pit impact guide element, 6,32. frame-shaped lower pit impact guide element, 7. friction body, 7 1. rolling body, 7.11. guide rolling body, 7.111. roller. 7.1111. roller shaft, 7112. rolling column, 7.12. power rolling body, 7.121. crank structure rolling body, 7.122. piston rolling body, 7.2. suspension body, 7.21. guide suspension body, 7.22. power suspension body, 7.3. back-to-back groove structure, 7.31. upper groove, 7.32. lower groove, 8. hydraulic driving device, 9. cylinder body, 10. box body, 11. limiting structure, 11.1. guide limiting structure, 11.2. power limiting structure, 11.3. raceway, 11.4. reciprocating travel segment, 11.5. limiting groove, 11.6. circular raceway, 11.61. annular circular raceway, 11.611. circular supporting segment, 11.612. circulating segment, 11.62. helical circular raceway, 11.63. wavy circular raceway, 12. internal body, 13. external sleeve, 14. anti-breakage mechanism, 15. waist drum wheel., 16. counterweight, and 17. bearing. Detailed Description of the Embodiments The present invention will be further illustrated in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings. Embodiment 1 As shown in Fig.1, the device includes a crank driving device I and a reciprocating impacter 2, wherein the crank driving device I includes a supporting mechanism 3, the supporting mechanism 3 is a bracket 4, the bracket 4 includes a power supporting element 4.1 and a guide supporting element 4.2, the power supporting element 4.1 is separated from the guide supporting element 4.2, the crank driving device -1 further includes a power impact element 5, an impact guide element 6 and a friction body 7, the power impact element 5 is a crank structure 5.1, the power impact element 5 is arranged in the bracket 3, the bracket 3 supports the power impact element 5, the impact guide element 6 is separated from the power impact element 5, the friction body 7 is a rolling body 7.1, the rolling body 7.1 includes a guide rolling body 7.11 and a power rolling body 7.12, the guide rolling body 7.11 is separated from the power rolling body 7.12, the power rolling body 7.12 is a crank structure rolling body 7.121, the power supporting element 4.1 is a power rolling body supporting element 4.11, the guide supporting element 4.2 is a guide rolling body supporting element 4.21, the guide rolling body 7.11 is arranged between the guide rolling body 27 supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6, and the power rolling body 7.12 is arranged between the power rolling body supporting element 4.11 and the power impact element 5. Two columns of rolling bodies 7.1 are arranged at the surrounding of one power impact element 5, the two columns of rolling bodies 7.1 bear the gravity load of the reciprocating impacter 2 and the power impact element 6, and more than one rolling body 7.1 in each column supports the reciprocating impacter 2 to impact in a reciprocating manner, to avoid the concentrated damage to the rolling bodies 7.1. The guide supporting element 4.2 is arranged at more than two end parts of the power supporting element 4.1 to fori more than two guide supporting points, the more than two guide supporting points play a gravity supporting function on the reciprocating impacter 21 the impact guide element 6 is arranged on the guide supporting element 4.2, the impact guide element 6 is connected with the reciprocating impacter 2, the power impact element 5 drives the impact guide element 7 to impact, the rolling body 7.1 and the impact guide element 6 are in close fit with the guide supporting element 4.2 to form a multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, and the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure is used for connecting the impact guide element 6 with the reciprocating impacter 2 through the more than two guide supporting points, supporting the reciprocating impacter 2 to impact through roiling friction and righting the impact direction of the reciprocating imnpacter 2 through rolling friction, and the connecting width and the righting force of the reciprocating impacter 2 are enlarged by the more than two guide supporting points. The reciprocating impacter 2 is a reciprocating impact head 2.1 and can also be a reciprocating crushing head or a reciprocating loading head or the like according to the usage occasion. The supporting mechanism 3 can also be a box body. The power supporting element 4.1 and the guide supporting element 4.2 can also be separately connected or integrated. The guide rolling body 7.11 and the power rolling body 7.12 can also be separately connected or integrated. The impact guide element 6 and the power impact element 5 can also be separately connected or integrated. The impact guide element 6 and the reciprocating impacter 2 can also be integrated. 28 The rolling body 7.1 is generally a spherical rolling body, and can also be a spherical rolling body or a dumbbell-shaped rolling body or a cylindrical rolling body or a circular ring-shaped rolling body or a platform-shaped cohin rolling body or a groove-shaped drum rolling body or a rolling body with a hole or a rolling drum shaped rolling body or a ball rolling body or a rolling pin rolling body or a roller rolling body or a rolling ring rolling body or a drum rolling body or the like according to specific usage occasions, and can be singly used or combined for use. In order to improve the carrying capacity and the wear resistance of the rolling body 7.1, the roiling body 7.1 can be made from a high-strength wear-resistant material. and the high-strength wear-resistant material can be a hard alloy material or a high strength alloy material or high-strength plastics or high-strength steel or high-strength rubber or high-strength ceramic or a high-strength self-lubrication material. Embodiment 2 As shown in Fig.2. the device includes a hydraulic driving device 8 and a reciprocating impacter 2, wherein the hydraulic driving device 8 includes a cylinder body 9, the cylinder body 9 includes a power supporting element 4.1 and a guide supporting element 4.2, the power supporting element 4.1 is separated from the guide supporting element 4.2, the hydraulic driving device 8 further includes a power impact element 5, an impact guide element 6 and a friction body 7, the power impact element 5 is a piston 5.2, the power impact element 5 is arranged in the cylinder body 9, the cylinder body 9 supports the power impact element 5, the impact guide element 6 is integrated with the power impact element 5, the friction body 7 is a rolling body 7.1, the rolling body 7.1 includes a guide rolling body 7.11 and a power rolling body 7.12, the guide rolling body 7.11 is separated from the power rolling body 7.12, the power rolling body 7.12 is a piston rolling body 7.122, the power supporting element 4.1 is a power rolling body supporting element 4.11, the guide supporting element 4.2 is a guide rolling body supporting element 4.21, the guide rolling body 7.11 is arranged between the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6, and the power rolling body 7.12 is arranged between the cylinder body 9 and the piston 5.2. The guide supporting element 4.2 is arranged at more than two end parts of the power supporting element 4.1 to form more than two guide supporting points, the more than two guide supporting points play a gravity supporting function on the reciprocating impacter 2, the impact guide element 6 is arranged on the guide supporting element 29 4.2, the impact guide element 6 is connected with the reciprocating impacter 2, the power impact element 5 drives the impact guide element 6 to impact, the rolling body 7.1 and the impact guide element 6 are in close fit with the guide supporting element 4.2 to form a multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, and the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure multipoint supports the reciprocating impacter 2 and rights the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter. The reciprocating impacter 2 is a reciprocating impact head 2.1 and can also be a reciprocating crushing head or a reciprocating loading head or the like according to the usage occasion. The power supporting element 4.1 and the guide supporting element 4.2 can also be separately connected or integrated. The guide rolling body 7.11 and the power rolling body 7.12 can also be separately connected or integrated. The impact guide element 6 and the power impact element 5 can also be separately connected or integrated. The impact guide element 6 and the reciprocating impacter 2 can also be integrated. Embodiment 3 As shown in Fig.3. the supporting mechanism 3 is a box body 10, the friction body 7 is a suspension body 7.2, the suspension body 7.2 includes a guide suspension body 7.21 and a power suspension body 7.22, the guide suspension body 7.21 is separated from the power suspension body 7.22, the suspension body 7.2 is a magnetic suspension body, the power supporting element 4.1 is a power suspension body supporting element 4.12, the guide supporting element 4.2 is a guide suspension body supporting element 4.22, the guide suspension body 7.21 is arranged between the guide suspension body supporting element 4.22 and the impact guide element 6, the power suspension body 7.22 is arranged between the power suspension body supporting element 4.12 and the power impact element, the suspension body, and the suspension body and the impact guide element 6 are in close fit with the guide supporting element 4.2 to multipoint support the reciprocating impacter 2 and right the impact direction. The rest is the same as embodiment 1. Embodiment 4 As shown in Fig.4, the friction body 7 is a suspension body 7.2, the suspension body 7.2 includes a guide suspension body 7.21 and a power suspension body 7.22, the 30 suspension body 7.2 is a liquid suspension body, the guide suspension body 7.21 is separated from the power suspension body 7.22, the power supporting element 4.1 is a power suspension body supporting element 4.12, the guide supporting element 4.2 is a guide suspension body supporting element 4.22, the guide suspension body 7.21 is arranged between the guide suspension body supporting element 4.22 and the impact guide element 6. the power suspension body 7.22 is arranged between the cylinder body 9 and the piston 5.2, and the suspension body 7.2 and the impact guide element 6 are in close fit with the guide supporting element 4.2 to multipoint support the reciprocating impacter 2 and right the impact direction. The rest is the same as embodiment 2. Embodiment 5 As shown in Fig.5, the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 is integrated with the power rolling body supporting element 4,11, to reduce the occupied space, so that the structural strength is large and the utility rate of space is high, the limited space can be used for increasing the volume of the rolling body 7.1, improving the bearing capacity of the rolling body 7.1, and increasing the contact area of the guide rolling body 7.11 with the impact guide element 6 or the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21, and meanwhile, can be used for increasing the contact area of the power rolling body 7.12 with the power impact element 5 or the power rolling body supporting element 4.11, in order to avoid over large local intensity of pressure and over large attrition due to over small size of the rolling body 7.1. The impact guide element 6 is integrated with the power impact element 5, the impact guide element 6 is actually the extension of the power impact element 5 and can increase the righting w'idth of the reciprocating impacter 2 to the maximum, enlarge the righting force for the reciprocating impacter 2, control the reciprocating impacter 2 at the maximum force and prevent the damage of an impact breaking force and a counterforce to the device. The rest is the same as embodiment 1. Embodiment 6 As shown in Fig.6, the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 is integrated with the power rolling body supporting element 4.11 and the cylinder body 9, the increased volume of the rolling body 7.1 increases the contact area of the guide rolling body 7.11 with the impact guide element 6 or the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21, and meanwhile can increase the contact area of the power rolling body 7 12 with 31 the piston 5.2 or the cylinder body 9, in order to avoid over large local pressure and over large attrition due to over small size of the rolling body 7.1. The rest is the same as embodiment 2. Embodiment 7 As shown in Fig.7, the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6 include limiting structures 11, each limiting structure 11 is a guide limiting structure II 1, the guide limiting structure 11. 1 is integrated with the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6, the guide rolling body 7. 11 is arranged on the guide limiting structure 11. 1, the guide limiting structure 11.1 limits the space and position of the guide rolling body 7. I, and the guide rolling body 7.11 supports the impact guide element 6 to reciprocate. The limiting structure 11 is a raceway 11.3, the raceway 11.3 is a linear raceway, the raceway 11.3 can also be a reciprocating travel segment or a circular raceway or a deformed raceway or the like, a wear-resistant material or a high-strength material can be arranged on the pressure bearing segment of the raceway 11.3 to improve the abrasive resistance of the raceway 11.3, the limiting structure 11 can also be a cylindrical raceway or a pit or a reciprocating travel segment or a holder or a liming element or a lug boss roller or a platform-shaped column square or U-shaped or frame-shaped or plate-shaped or polygonal or cylindrical or a spline sleeve or a polygonal key or the like, and can be singly used or combined for use. The guide limiting structure I 1. can be separated from or separately connected with the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6. The rest is the same as embodiment 1. Embodiment 8 As shown in Fig.8, the impact guide element 6 includes a limiting structure 11, the limiting structure 11 is a guide limiting structure 11.1, the guide limiting structure 11.1 is integrated with the impact guide element 6, the guide rolling body 7.11 is arranged on the guide limiting structure 11.1, the guide rolling body 7.11 supports the impact guide element 6 to reciprocate; the piston 5.2 includes a limiting structure 11, the limiting structure 11 is a power limiting structure 11.2, the power rolling body 7.12 is arranged on the power limiting structure 11.2, the power limiting structure 11.2 limits the space and position of the power rolling body 7.12, and the power rolling body 7.12 supports the piston 5.2 to reciprocate. 32 The limiting structure 11 is a reciprocating travel segment 11.4, the length of the reciprocating travel segment 11.4 is beneficial for the guide rolling body 7 11 to lean against the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6 to form rolling friction during operation and is beneficial for the power rolling body 7.12 to lean against the power impact element 5 and the power rolling body supporting element 4.11 to form rolling friction during operation. The guide limiting structure I 1. can be separated from or separately connected with the impact guide element 6; and the power limiting structure 11.2 can be separated from or separately connected with the piston 5.2. The rest is the same as embodiment 2. Embodiment 9 As shown in Fig.9, the piston rolling body 7.122 is arranged around the piston 5.2, the piston 5.2 is separated from the piston rolling body 7.122, a limiting groove 11.5 matched with the surface of the piston rolling body 7.122 is arranged on the piston 5.2, and the piston rolling body 7.122 rolls in the limiting groove 11.5; a sealing element 12 is arranged on the piston 5.2, the sealing element 12 is located between front and back piston rolling bodies 7.122 to prevent liquid from entering the other side from one side of the piston 5.2, and the piston rolling body 7.122 supports the piston 5.2 to reciprocate through rolling friction, thereby reducing the operation resistance of the piston 5.2 and being capable of effectively improving the operation speed of the piston 5.2. The sealing element 12 can be an O-shaped ring or a sliding ring or an elastomer or a retainer ring or a supporting ring or a sealing ring or a starlike ring or a pressing ring or a V-shaped body or a U-shaped body or a frame-shaped ring or a groove-shaped element or a pressure spring or an opening sealing ring. The sealing element 12 can be made from a rubber material or a polyurethane material or a nylon material or a plastic material or a metal material or a mixed material. The piston rolling body 7122 can be also arranged at one side of the piston 5.2 or at more than two sides of the piston 5.2. The piston 5.2 can also be separately connected or integrated with the piston rolling body 7.122. The sealing element 12 can also be located at one side or two sides of the piston rolling body 7.122. The rest is the same as embodiment 2. 33 Embodiment 10 As shown in Fig.10, the piston rolling body 7.122 is integrated with the piston 5.2, the piston 5.2 is a spherical piston, the cylinder body 3 is a cylindrical cylinder body assorted with the diameter of the spherical piston, the spherical piston and the cylindrical cylinder body form seal, and no sealing element is used by the spherical piston to isolate the cavity into a pressure release area and a compression area. The rest is the same as embodiment 2. Embodiment 11 As shown in Fig. 11, the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the power rolling body supporting element 4.11 are provided with circular raceway 11.6, the guide rolling body 7.11 and the power rolling body 7.12 are densely arranged on the circular raceway 11.6, the circular raceway 11.6 is integrated with the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the power rolling body supporting element 4.11, and the length of the circular raceway 11.6 is adapted to enabling the guide roiling body 7.11 to form rolling friction with the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6, in order to prevent local and sliding friction or collision. The circular raceway 11.6 can also be arranged on the impact guide element 6 or the power impact element 5. The circular raceway 11.6 can also be separately connected with the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the power rolling body supporting element 4.11. The rest is the same as embodiment 1. Embodiment 12 As shown in Fig 12 and Fig.13, the circular raceway 11.6 is arranged on the piston 5.2, the circular raceway 11.6 is an annular circular raceway 11.61, the annular surface of the annular circular raceway 11.61 is arranged along a reciprocating direction, the plane of the annular circular raceway 11.61 is configured to be vertical to the surface of the piston 5.2, the annular circular raceway 11.61 is arranged in a surrounding manner, the circular raceway 11.6 includes a circular supporting segment 11.611 and a circulating segment 11.612, the piston rolling body 7.122 in the circular supporting segment 11.611 performs a function of supporting rolling friction, the piston rolling body 7.122 rolls in the annular circular raceway 11.61 to prevent the sliding friction of the piston rolling body 7.122 with the piston 5.2 and the cylinder body 9, while the 34 piston rolling body 7.122 in the circulating segment does not play the function of supporting the rolling friction. The annular circular raceway 11.61 can also be arranged singly or symmetrically. The annular circular raceway 11.61 can also be arranged on the cylinder body 9. The rest is the same as embodiment 2. Embodiment 13 As shown in Fig. 14 to ]Fig.16, the circular raceway 11.6 is arranged on the piston 5.2. the circular raceway 11.6 is a helical circular raceway 11.62., the piston rolling body 7.122 rolls along the helical circular raceway 11.62, the position of the piston rolling body 7.122 for bearing the pressure between the piston 5.2 and the cylinder body 9 changes circularly, thereby reducing the probability of bearing over large pressure and attribution of the piston rolling body 7.122 caused by consistent local rolling on the piston 5.2 and the cylinder body 9. The circular raceway 11.6 can also be a wavy circular raceway 11.63, and the wavy circular raceway 11.63 is arranged on the surface of the piston 5.2 along the reciprocating direction. A wear-resistant material or a high-strength material can be arranged at the rolling bearing segment of the circular raceway 11.6, in order to improve the bearing capacity of the circular raceway 11.6 and prolong the service life of the piston 5.2. The rest is the same as embodiment 2. Embodiment 14 As shown in Fig.17, the contact areas of the guide rolling body 7.11 with the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6 are as large as possible, to prevent overlarge local stress of the guide rolling body 7.11, reduce the concentrated local attrition of the guide rolling body 7.11 to the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6 and enlarge the righting amplitude, and the shape of the guide rolling body 7.11 is closely buckled with the shapes of the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6 to form a limiting structure, so as to control the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter and prevent the reciprocating impacter from rotating. The contact areas of the power rolling body with the power rolling body supporting element and the power impact element or the cylinder body and the piston can also be as large as possi ble, so as to control the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter and prevent the reciprocating impacter from rotating. 35 The rest is the same as embodiment 1. Embodiment 15 As shovi in Fig.18, the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 is an internal body 12, the impact guide element 6 is an external sleeve 13, a holder 11.7 is arranged between the internal body 12 and the external sleeve 13, the holder 11.7 is fixed on the impact guide element 6, the guide rolling body 7.11 is arranged on the holder 11.7, the external sleeve 13 and the internal body 12 are in close fit with the guide rolling body 7.11 to drive the external sleeve 13 to reciprocate by means of rolling friction, the internal body 12 supports the friction body and the external sleeve 13, the reciprocating impacter 2 is connected with the external sleeve 13, and the reciprocating impacter 2 reciprocates through rolling friction under the support of the external sleeve 13. An anti-breakage mechanism 14 is arranged at one end of the power impact element 5, the anti-breakage mechanism 14 includes a buffering anti-breakage mechanism, the driving device drives the power impact element 5 through power to impact, the impact counterforce is applied on the anti-breakage mechanism 14, and the buffer anti breakage mechanism prevents the impact counterforce from damaging the driving device by buffering. The anti-breakage mechanism can also be a rotary anti-breakage mechanism or a separate anti-breakage mechanism, the driving device drives the power impact element to impact, the impact counterforce is applied on the anti-breakage mechanism, and the rotary anti-breakage mechanism rotates or the separate anti breakage mechanism separates to prevent the impact counterforce from damaging the driving device. The rotary structure can be a joint bearing or a steering connector or a rzeppa universal Joint or a candan universal joint or a bulb buckling groove type or a cambered buckling groove type. The reciprocating impacter 2 can also be integrated with the external sleeve 13. The rest is the same as embodiment 1. Embodiment 16 As shown in Fig.19, the cylinder body 9 is the internal body 12, the impact guide element 6 is the external sleeve 13, the cylinder body 9 is integrated with the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21, the external sleeve 13 and the internal body 12 are in close fit with the guide rolling body to drive the external sleeve 13 to 36 reciprocate by means of rolling friction, the internal body 12 supports the guide rolling body 7.11 and the external sleeve 13, and the reciprocating impacter 2 reciprocates through rolling friction under the support of the external sleeve 13. The anti-breakage mechanisms 14 are arranged at the two ends of the power impact element 5, each of the anti-breakage mechanisms 14 includes a rotary structure or a separate structure, the rotary structure or the separate structure is cooperatively used with the a multipoint reciprocating impacter 2 supporting structure, the counterforce breaking force generated by the impact of the reciprocating impacter 2 is applied to the rotary structure or the separate structure, and the rotary structure is stressed to rotate or the separate structure separates to isolate the counterforce breaking force, so as to reduce the breaking damage of the power impact element 5 and the piston 5.2. The rotary structure can be a join bearing or a steering connector or a rzeppa universal joint or a candan universal joint or a bulb buckling groove type or a cambered buckling groove type. The rest is the same as embodiment 2. Embodiment 17 As shown in Fig.20 to Fig.21, the gide rolling body 7.11 is a roller 7,111, the roller 7.111 is arranged between the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6, the roller 7.111 includes a roller shaft 7.1111, the roller shaft 7.1111 is arranged on the impact guide element 6, and the roller 7.111 rolls by leaning against the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 to prevent the leaning friction of the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6. The roller 7.111 can also be arranged between the power rolling body supporting element and the power impact element, the roller shaft 7.1111 is arranged on the power rolling body supporting element or the power impact element, and the roller 7.111 correspondingly rolls by leaning against the power impact element or the power rolling body supporting element to prevent the leaning friction of the power rolling body supporting element and the power impact element. The rest is the same as embodiment 1. Embodiment 18 As shown in Fig.22 to Fig.23, the guide rolling body 7.11 is the roller 7.111, the roller 7.111 is arranged between the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6, the roller 7.111 includes the roller shaft 7.1111, the roller shaft 7.1111 is arranged on the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21, and the 37 roller 7.111 rolls by leaning against the impact guide element 6 to prevent the leaning friction of the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 and the impact guide element 6. The rest is the same as embodiment 1. Embodiment 19 As shown in Fig.24 to Fig.25, the impact guide element 6 is the extension of the power impact element 5. a pit 11.8 is arranged on the impact guide element 6, the reciprocating travel segment 11.4 is arranged on the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21, the guide rolling body 7.11 is arranged on the pit 11.8 and the reciprocating travel segment 11.4, the guide rolling body 7. 11 rolls by leaning against the pit 11.8 and the reciprocating travel segment 11.4, the guide rolling body 7.11 rolls in situ relative to the impact guide element 6 and rolls in a reciprocating manner relative to the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21, and the guide rolling body 7.11 and the impact guide element 6 are in close fit with the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 to control the impact guide element 6 to reciprocate through rolling friction and to guide through rolling friction. The impact guide element 6 is a square impact guide element 6.1, and the guide rolling body 7.11 is a rolling column 7. 112. Embodiment 20 As shown in Fig.26, the impact guide element 6 is a U-shaped impact guide element 6.2, the U-shaped impact guide element 6.2 includes a U-shaped upper raceway impact guide element 6.21 and a U-shaped lower raceway impact guide element 6.221 the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 includes an upper raceway guide rolling body supporting element 4.211 and a lower raceway guide rolling body supporting element 4.212, the guide rolling body 7.11 is arranged between the U shaped upper raceway impact guide element 6.21 and the upper raceway guide rolling body supporting element 4.211 and between the U-shaped lower raceway impact guide element 6.22 and the lower raceway guide rolling body supporting element 4.212, the power impact element 5 drives the reciprocating impacter 2 to impact, the guide rolling body 7. 11 and the U-shaped impact guide element 6.2 are matched with the gide rolling body supporting element 4.21 to enable the guide rolling body 7.11 to support the U-shaped impact guide element 6.2 to reciprocate in a rolling friction manner and to guide through rolling friction. Embodiment 21 38 As shown in Fig.27, the impact guide element 6 is a frame-shaped impact guide element 6.3, the frame-shaped impact guide element 6.3 includes a frame-shaped upper pit impact guide element 6.31 and a frame-shaped lower pit impact guide element 6.32, the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 includes an upper raceway guide rolling body supporting element 4.211 and a lower raceway guide rolling body supporting element 4.212, the guide rolling body 7.11 is arranged between the frame-shaped upper pit impact guide element 6.31 and the upper raceway guide rolling body supporting element 4.211 and between the frame-shaped lower pit impact guide element 6.32 and the lower raceway guide rolling body supporting element 4.212, the impact guide element 6 drives the reciprocating impacter 2 to impact, the guide rolling body 7.11 and the frame-shaped impact guide element 6.3 are matched with the guide rolling body supporting element 4.21 to enable the guide rolinbody 7.1 to support the frame-shaped impact guide element 6.3 to reciprocate in a rolling friction manner and to guide through rolling friction. Embodiment 22 As shown in Fig.28 and Fig.29, the impact guide element 6 is a U-shaped impact guide element 6.2, the U-shaped impact guide element 6.2 includes an upper impact guide element 6.23 and a lower impact guide element 6.24, the friction body 7 is configured as a back-to-back groove structure 7.3, the back-to-back groove structure 7.3 includes an upper groove 7.31 and a lower groove 7.32, the upper impact gide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24 are respectively fixed at the two ends of the same reciprocating impacter 2, the upper impact guide element 6.23 is buckled in the upper groove 7.31, the lower impact guide element 6.24 is buckled in the lower groove 7.32, the supporting mechanism supports the back-to-back groove structure 7.3, the driving mechanism includes the power impact element 5, the power impact element 5 is connected with the reciprocating impacter 2 or the impact guide element, the power impact element 5 drives the impact guide element 6 and/or the reciprocating impacter 2 to reciprocate in a rolling friction manner, the back-to-back groove structure 7.3 supports the impact guide element 6 to reciprocate, and the back to-back groove structure 7.3 and the impact guide element 6 right the reciprocating direction of the reciprocating impacter 2. The upper groove 7.31 and the lower groove 7.32 are arranged in the forms of left and right back-to-back grooves and/or upper and lower back-to-back grooves, in order to 39 control the left and right movements and/or up and down movements of the impact guide element 6. The back-to-back structure 7.3 includes waist drum wheels 15, the grooves are arranged on the waist drum wheels 15, projections or circular arcs buckled with the waist drum wheels 15 are correspondingly arranged on the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24, and an upper groove 7.31 of an upper waist drum wheel 15 and a lower groove 7.32 of a lower waist drum wheel 15 form a rolling friction back-to-back groove structure of the waist drum wheels. The rolling friction back-to-back groove structure of the waist drum wheels 15 is arranged in the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact gide element 6.24, the waist drum wheels 15 control the impact direction of the impact guide element 6 through the groove, the rolling body supporting mechanism supports the waist drum wheels 15 through a bearing, the impact counterforce of the reciprocating impacter 2 i's applied on the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24, the waist drum wheels 15 support and right the reciprocating impacter 2, the waist drum wheels 15 transmit the supporting force and the impact counterforce to the bearing, and the bearing bears the impact counterforce and the supporting force, to greatly improve the performance and the service life of the back to-back groove structure 7.3. The head of the impact guide element 6 is stretched out from the box body 10, the sealing element is arranged between the impact guide element 6 and the box body 10, and the telescopic friction segment of the impact guide element 6 is cylindrical. Embodiment 23 As shown in Fig.30, the crank driving device I is arranged between the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24, the parts telescoping in the box body of the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24 are processed to be cylindrical, the reciprocating segments of the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24 in the box body 10 are configured to be square or semicircular or crescent or triangular or deformed, in order to reduce the space occupied by the diameter of the cylindrical impact guide element, the crank driving device I is placed in the saved space thereof, to reduce the height and/or width of the muiltipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, so as to correspondingly reduce the height and/or width of the reciprocating impacter 2 to reduce the impact resistance. 40 The reciprocating impacters 2 are arranged at the two ends of the impact guide element 6. Embodiment 24 As shown in Fig.31, the reciprocating impacter 2 is arranged at one end of the impact guide element 6, and a counterweight 16 is arranged at the other end thereof, and the rest is the same as embodiment 23. Embodiment 25 As shown in Fig.32, the crank driving device I is arranged at the rears of the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24 to reduce the space occupied by the crank driving device, and only the friction body 7 is placed between the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24, thus reducing the height and volume of the guide mechanism, reducing the height of the reciprocating impacter 2, decreasing the impact area and reducing the impact counterforce. Embodiment 26 As shown in Fig.33, the crank driving device I is arranged between the upper impact gu ide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24, the parts telescoping in the box body of the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24 are processed to be cylindrical, the reciprocating segments of the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24 in the box body 10 are configured to be square or semicircular or crescent or triangular or deformed, in order to reduce the space occupied by the diameter of the cylindrical impact guide element, the crank driving device I is placed in the saved space thereof, to reduce the height and/or width of the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, so as to correspondingly reduce the height and/or width of the reciprocating impacter 2 to reduce the impact resistance. The reciprocating impacter 2 is arranged at one end of the impact guide element 6. The rolling body supporting mechanism supports the waist drum wheel 15 through a bearing 17, the impact counterforce of the reciprocating impacter 2 is applied on the upper impact guide element 6.23 and the lower impact guide element 6.24, the waist drum wheel 15 supports and rights the reciprocating impacter 2, the waist drum wheel 15 transmits the supporting force and the impact counterforce to the bearing 17, and the bearing 17 bears the impact counterforce and the supporting force, to greatly improve the performance and the service life of the back-to-back groove structure 7.3. 41

Claims

1. A method for guiding and multipoint supporting a reciprocating impacter, comprising: a crank driving device or a hydraulic driving device or a pneumatic driving device is arranged, a crank driving device supporting mechanism or a hydraulic driving device cylinder body or a pneumatic driving device cylinder body is arranged, the supporting mechanism is configured as a bracket or a box body, a power supporting element and a guide supporting element are arranged on the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, the power supporting element and the guide supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power supporting element is separately connected or integrated with the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, a rolling body supporting element is configured as a guide rolling body supporting element or a power rolling body supporting element, the guide rolling body supporting element and the power rolling body supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power rolling body supporting element is configured as a crank structure rolling body supporting element or a piston rolling body supporting element, a friction body is arranged, the friction body is arranged between the guide supporting element and an impact guide element or between the cylinder body and the impact guide element or between the power supporting element and a power impact element, the friction body is configured as a rolling body or a suspension body, the rolling body is configured as a guide rolling body and/or a power rolling body, the guide rolling body and the power rolling body are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power rolling body is configured as a crank structure rolling body or a piston rolling body, the suspension body is configured as a guide suspension body and/or a power suspension body, the guide suspension body and the power suspension body 42 are separated or separately connected or integrated, the suspension body is configured as a magnetic suspension body or a liquid suspension body or a gas suspension body, the power impact element and the impact guide element are arranged on the crank driving device or the hydraulic driving device or the pneumatic driving device, the impact guide element and the power impact element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power impact element is arranged in the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body supports the power impact element, the power impact element is configured as a crank structure or a piston, the guide supporting element is arranged at more than two end parts of the power supporting element to form more than two guide supporting points, the more than two end parts are spatial positions of more than two end parts of the guide supporting element body or more than two end parts out of the guide supporting element body, the impact guide element is configured as an upper impact guide element and a lower impact guide element and/or a left impact guide element and a right impact guide element, the more than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element are respectively arranged at the end parts of the reciprocating impacter, the more than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element to play a multipoint supporting function on the reciprocating impacter, the power impact element drives the reciprocating impacter, the friction body and the impact guide element are in close fit with the guide supporting element to form a multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, and the multipoint 43 reciprocating impacter supporting structure rights the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter by multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter.

2. The method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 1, wherein the multipoint supporting impact guide element is actually the deformation extension of the power impact element, by means of the deformation extension of the power impact element, the righting width of the reciprocating impacter is widened to the maximum, the righting force of the reciprocating impacter is enlarged, the reciprocating impacter is controlled at the maximum force, and the damage of an impact breaking force and a counterforce to the crank driving device or the hydraulic driving device or the pneumatic driving device is avoided.

3. The method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 1, wherein the rolling body supporting element is configured to be integrated with the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, to reduce the space occupied by the rolling body supporting element, the rolling body supporting element is configured to be integrated with the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, so that the structural strength is large and the utility rate of space is high, the limited space is used for increasing the volume of the rolling body, improving the bearing capacity of the rolling body, and increasing the contact area of the rolling body with the guide supporting element or the multipoint supporting impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power supporting element or the power impact element, in order to avoid over large local intensity of pressure and over large attrition of the guide supporting element or the impact guide element or the cylinder body or the piston or the power 44 supporting element or the power impact element due to over small size of the rolling body.

4. The method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 1, wherein the friction body is configured as an upper groove and a lower groove, the bottom of the upper groove and the bottom of the lower groove are arranged in a back to back manner to form a back-to-back groove structure, the upper impact guide element is arranged on the concave surface of the upper groove, the lower impact guide element is arranged on the concave surface of the lower groove, the lower impact guide element is fixed at the lower end of the reciprocating impacter, and the upper impact guide element is fixed at the upper end of the reciprocating impacter to form multipoint support for the back-to-back groove structure, the upper groove and the lower groove are arranged in a U-shaped guide frame or a frame-shaped guide frame formed by the reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are correspondingly buckled on the upper groove and the lower groove via the reciprocating impacter, the power impact element drives the reciprocating impacter or the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element to reciprocate, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element reciprocate in a rolling friction manner by means of the upper groove and the lower groove, the upper groove is closely buckled with the upper impact guide element to prevent the upper impact guide element from swinging left and right, the lower groove is closely buckled with the lower impact guide element to prevent the lower impact guide element from swinging left and right, when the upper impact guide element moves upwards, the lower impact guide element tensions the upper impact guide element through the reciprocating impacter and the lower groove to control the upper impact guide 45 element to not move upwards, when the lower impact guide element moves downwards, the upper impact guide element controls the lower impact guide element to not move downwards through the upper groove, no friction body is arranged at the upper part of the upper impact guide element and/or no friction body is arranged at the lower part of the lower impact guide element, the impact guide element is arranged in a space occupied by an upper friction body and/or a lower friction body, and the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are respectively arranged at the two ends of the reciprocating impacter, to relatively increase the distance between the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element to heighten and/or widen the righting force of the reciprocating impacter, and relatively decrease the height and/or width of the reciprocating impacter to reduce the impact resistance caused by excessive width or excessive height of the reciprocating impacter, thus the upper groove and the lower groove are arranged in the forms of left and right back-to-back grooves and/or upper and lower back-to-back grooves, in order to control the left and right movements and/or up and down movements of the impact guide element.

5. The method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 4, wherein the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are arranged, one ends of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the same reciprocating impacter, the other ends of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are respectively connected with the upper end and the lower end of the same power impact element, the reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element, the power impact element and the lower impact guide element form the frame-shaped guide frame or the U-shaped guide frame, the back-to-back groove structure is arranged in the frame-shaped guide 46 frame or the U-shaped guide frame, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are closely buckled with the back-to-back groove structure to support and right the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element increase the righting height and/or width of the reciprocating impacter, and the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are separated from or separately connected or integrated with the power impact element.

6. The method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 1, wherein the guide supporting element or the cylinder body is configured as an internal body, the impact guide element is configured as an external sleeve, the friction body is arranged between the external sleeve and the internal body, the external sleeve, the internal body and the friction body form close fit to drive the external sleeve to reciprocate by means of rolling friction or suspension friction, the internal body is used for supporting the friction body and the external sleeve, the reciprocating impacter and the external sleeve are separately connected or are integrated, and the reciprocating impacter reciprocates under the multipoint support of the external sleeve.

7. A device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter for implementing the method for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 1, comprising a crank driving device or a hydraulic driving device or a pneumatic driving device, and further comprising a reciprocating impacter, wherein the crank driving device comprises a supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism comprises a bracket or a box body, the hydraulic driving device or the pneumatic driving device comprises a cylinder body, the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body comprises a power supporting element and a guide supporting element, the power supporting element and the guide supporting element are 47 separated or separately connected or integrated, the power supporting element is separately connected or integrated with the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, the guide supporting element or the power supporting element comprises a rolling body supporting element or a suspension body supporting element, the rolling body supporting element and the suspension body supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the rolling body supporting element comprises a guide rolling body supporting element or a power rolling body supporting element, the guide rolling body supporting element and the power rolling body supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power rolling body supporting element comprises a crank structure rolling body supporting element or a piston rolling body supporting element, the suspension body supporting element comprises a guide suspension body supporting element or a power suspension body supporting element, the guide suspension body supporting element and the power suspension body supporting element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the crank driving device or the hydraulic driving device or the pneumatic driving device further comprises a power impact element, an impact guide element and a friction body, the impact guide element and the power impact element are separated or separately connected or integrated, the power impact element comprises a crank structure or a piston, the power impact element is arranged in the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body, the bracket or the box body or the cylinder body supports the power impact element, the friction body is arranged between the guide supporting element and the impact guide element or between the cylinder body and the impact guide element or between the power impact element and the power supporting element, the friction body comprises a rolling body or a suspension body, the rolling body comprises a guide rolling body and/or a power rolling body, the guide rolling body and the power rolling body are 48 separated or separately connected or integrated, the power rolling body comprises a crank structure rolling body or a piston rolling body, the suspension body comprises a guide suspension body and/or a power suspension body, the guide suspension body and the power suspension body are separated or separately connected or integrated, the suspension body comprises a magnetic suspension body or a liquid suspension body or a gas suspension body, the guide supporting element is arranged at more than two end parts of the power supporting element to form more than two guide supporting points, the more than two end parts are spatial positions at more than two end parts of the guide supporting element body or more than two end parts out of the guide supporting element body, the impact guide element comprises an upper impact guide element and a lower impact guide element and/or a left impact guide element and a right impact guide element, the more than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element are respectively arranged at the end parts of the reciprocating impacter, the more than two guide supporting points support the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element and/or the left impact guide element and the right impact guide element to play a multipoint supporting function on the reciprocating impacter, the power impact element drives the reciprocating impacter, the friction body and the impact guide element are in close fit with the guide supporting element to form a multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, and the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure rights the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter by multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter. 49

8. The device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 7, wherein the bracket or the box body or the impact guide element or the power impact element or the cylinder body or the friction body comprises a limiting structure, the limiting structure comprises a guide limiting structure or a power limiting structure, the guide limiting structure and the power limiting structure are separated or separately connected or integrated, the guide rolling body or the guide suspension body is arranged on the guide limiting structure, the power rolling body or the power suspension body is arranged on the power limiting structure, the limiting structure limits the space and position of the friction body, and the friction body supports the impact guide element or the power impact element or the cylinder body to reciprocate.

9. The device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 7, wherein an anti-breakage mechanism is arranged at one end or two ends of the power impact element, the anti-breakage mechanism comprises a rotary structure or a separate structure, the rotary structure or the separate structure is cooperatively used with the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, the reciprocating impacter is supported by more than two guide supporting points, the power impact element propels the reciprocating impacter to impact in a reciprocating manner, the gravity of the reciprocating impacter is applied on the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, to reduce the gravity breakage damage to the power impact element, the counterforce breaking force generated by the reciprocating impacter is applied on the rotary structure or the separate structure, the rotary structure is stressed to rotate or the separate structure separates to isolate the impact counterforce breaking force, the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure supports the reciprocating impacter to 50 impact through rolling friction and rights the impact direction of the reciprocating impacter through rolling friction.

10. The device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 7, wherein the rolling body comprises a roller, the roller is arranged between the guide rolling body supporting element and the impact guide element or between the cylinder body and the piston or between the power rolling body supporting element and the power impact element, the roller comprises a roller shaft and an outer wheel, the roller shaft is arranged on the guide rolling body supporting element, and the roller rolls by leaning against the impact guide element; or the roller shaft is arranged on the impact guide element, and the roller rolls by leaning against the guide rolling body supporting element; or the roller shaft is arranged on the piston, and the roller rolls by leaning against the cylinder body; or when the roller shaft is arranged on the cylinder body, the roller rolls by leaning against the piston; or when the roller shaft is arranged on the power impact element, the roller rolls by leaning against the power rolling body supporting element; or when the roller shaft is arranged on the power rolling body supporting element, the roller rolls by leaning against the power impact element, and the roller shaft and the outer wheel are separated or integrated.

11. The device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 7, wherein the impact guide element is a U-shaped impact guide element, the U-shaped impact guide element comprises a left U-shaped impact guide element and a right U-shaped impact guide element, the guide rolling body supporting element comprises a left guide rolling body supporting element and a right guide rolling body supporting element, the guide rolling body is arranged between the U-shaped impact guide element and the guide rolling body supporting element, and the guide rolling body, the U-shaped impact guide element and the guide rolling body 51 supporting element are matched to enable the guide rolling body to multipoint support the U-shaped impact guide element to reciprocate through rolling friction and to guide through rolling friction.

12. The device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 7, wherein the impact guide element is a frame-shaped impact guide element or a U-shaped impact guide element, the frame-shaped impact guide element or the U-shaped impact guide element comprises an upper impact guide element and a lower impact guide element, the friction body is configured as a back-to-back structure, the back-to-back structure comprises an upper groove and a lower groove, the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are respectively fixed at the two ends of the same reciprocating impacter, the upper impact guide element is buckled in the upper groove, the lower impact guide element is buckled in the lower groove, the supporting mechanism supports the back-to-back structure, the crank driving device comprises the power impact element, the power impact element is connected with the reciprocating impacter or the impact guide element, the power impact element drives the impact guide element and/or the reciprocating impacter to reciprocate in a rolling friction manner, the back-to-back structure supports the impact guide element to reciprocate, and the back-to-back structure and the impact guide element right the reciprocating direction of the reciprocating impacter; the back-to-back structure comprises waist drum wheels, the grooves are arranged on the waist drum wheels, projections or circular arcs buckled with the waist drum wheels are correspondingly arranged on the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, and an upper groove of an upper waist drum wheel and a lower groove of a lower waist drum wheel form a rolling friction back to-back groove structure of the waist drum wheels. 52

13. The device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 7, wherein the power impact element comprises more than two power impact elements, the power rolling body supporting element supports the more than two power impact elements, the guide rolling body supporting element is arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the power rolling body supporting element corresponding to each power impact element, the guide rolling body supporting element comprises an upper guide rolling body supporting element and a lower guide rolling body supporting element, the power impact elements are arranged in the upper guide rolling body supporting element and the lower guide rolling body supporting element, the impact guide element is a U-shaped impact guide element or a frame-shaped impact guide element or a cylindrical impact guide element, the impact guide element comprises an upper impact guide element and a lower impact guide element, the guide rolling body is arranged between the upper impact guide element and the upper guide rolling body supporting element and between the lower impact guide element and the lower guide rolling body supporting element, and the power impact element drives the reciprocating impacter or the impact guide element to impact.

14. The device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 7, wherein when the crank driving device is arranged between the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, the parts telescoping in the box body of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element are processed to be cylindrical, the reciprocating segments of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element in the box body are configured to be square or semicircular or crescent or triangular or deformed, in order to reduce the space occupied by the diameter of the cylindrical impact guide element, the crank driving device is placed in the saved space thereof, to further reduce the height 53 and/or width of the multipoint reciprocating impacter supporting structure, so as to correspondingly reduce the height and/or width of the reciprocating impacter to reduce the impact resistance.

15. The device for guiding and multipoint supporting the reciprocating impacter of claim 7, wherein the crank driving device is arranged at the rears of the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element to reduce the space occupied by the crank driving device, and only the friction body is placed between the upper impact guide element and the lower impact guide element, thus reducing the height and volume of the guide mechanism, reducing the height of the reciprocating impacter, decreasing the impact area and reducing the impact counterforce. 54