WO2014080559A1 - Dispositif de coulée continue de type à levage, procédé de coulée continue de type à levage, et dispositif de détection d'interface solide - Google Patents

Dispositif de coulée continue de type à levage, procédé de coulée continue de type à levage, et dispositif de détection d'interface solide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014080559A1
WO2014080559A1 PCT/JP2013/005823 JP2013005823W WO2014080559A1 WO 2014080559 A1 WO2014080559 A1 WO 2014080559A1 JP 2013005823 W JP2013005823 W JP 2013005823W WO 2014080559 A1 WO2014080559 A1 WO 2014080559A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
molten metal
casting
shape defining
defining member
shape
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2013/005823
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
直晋 杉浦
Original Assignee
トヨタ自動車株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by トヨタ自動車株式会社 filed Critical トヨタ自動車株式会社
Priority to CN201380060796.3A priority Critical patent/CN104853866B/zh
Priority to US14/646,978 priority patent/US9931692B2/en
Priority to GB1508765.3A priority patent/GB2521988A/en
Priority to AU2013349225A priority patent/AU2013349225B2/en
Priority to BR112015011646A priority patent/BR112015011646A2/pt
Publication of WO2014080559A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014080559A1/fr
Priority to IN4315DEN2015 priority patent/IN2015DN04315A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/01—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
    • B22D11/145—Plants for continuous casting for upward casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock
    • B22D11/201—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock responsive to molten metal level or slag level
    • B22D11/204—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock responsive to molten metal level or slag level by using optical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D46/00—Controlling, supervising, not restricted to casting covered by a single main group, e.g. for safety reasons

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pull-up type continuous casting apparatus, a pull-up type continuous casting method, and a solidification interface detection apparatus.
  • Patent Document 1 proposes a free casting method as an innovative pull-up type continuous casting method that does not require a mold.
  • the starter is immersed in the surface of the molten metal (molten metal) (that is, the molten metal surface) (that is, the molten metal surface)
  • the molten metal follows the starter by the surface film or surface tension of the molten metal.
  • a casting having a desired cross-sectional shape can be continuously cast by deriving and cooling the molten metal through a shape determining member installed in the vicinity of the molten metal surface.
  • the shape in the longitudinal direction is defined along with the cross-sectional shape by the mold.
  • the cast casting since the solidified metal (that is, the casting) needs to pass through the mold, the cast casting has a shape extending linearly in the longitudinal direction.
  • the shape defining member in the free casting method defines only the cross-sectional shape of the casting, and does not define the shape in the longitudinal direction.
  • regulation member can move to the direction (namely, horizontal direction) parallel to a molten metal surface, the casting in which the shape of a longitudinal direction is various is obtained.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a hollow casting (that is, a pipe) that is formed in a zigzag shape or a spiral shape instead of being linear in the longitudinal direction.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a pulling-up-type continuous casting method that can control a solidification interface within a predetermined range and is excellent in dimensional accuracy and surface quality of a casting. To do.
  • the up-drawing continuous casting apparatus is as follows.
  • a holding furnace for holding molten metal A first shape defining member that is installed in the vicinity of a molten metal surface of the molten metal held in the holding furnace and that defines a cross-sectional shape of a casting to be cast by passing the molten metal;
  • An imaging unit that captures an image of the molten metal that has passed through the first shape defining member;
  • An image analysis unit for detecting a peristalsis of the melt from the image and determining a solidification interface based on the presence or absence of the peristalsis;
  • a casting control unit that changes casting conditions when the solidification interface determined by the image analysis unit is not within a predetermined reference range.
  • the casting condition is preferably any one of a flow rate of a cooling gas for cooling the molten metal that has passed through the first shape defining member, a pulling speed of the casting, and a set temperature of the holding furnace.
  • the first shape defining member is constituted by a pipe and the molten metal is heated or cooled.
  • a heating element is loaded in the pipe and the molten metal is heated.
  • a cooling gas is caused to flow inside the pipe and the molten metal is cooled. The temperature of the molten metal passing through the first shape defining member can be quickly changed.
  • the second shape defining member is driven in the vertical direction according to the position of the solidification interface. The dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the casting can be further improved.
  • the first shape defining member is divided into a plurality of parts, the image analysis unit detects a size of the casting from the image, and the casting control unit is configured to detect the first shape based on the size of the casting. It is preferable to change the cross-sectional shape defined by the shape defining member. The dimensional accuracy of the casting can be improved.
  • the up-drawing continuous casting apparatus is as follows.
  • a holding furnace for holding molten metal A shape determining member that is installed in the vicinity of the molten metal surface of the molten metal held in the holding furnace and that defines the cross-sectional shape of a casting to be cast by passing the molten metal,
  • a cooling unit for cooling the molten metal that has passed through the shape defining member The shape defining member is provided with heating means or cooling means inside thereof. The temperature of the molten metal that has passed through the shape determining member can be quickly changed.
  • the up-drawing continuous casting apparatus is as follows.
  • a holding furnace for holding molten metal for holding molten metal;
  • a first shape defining member that is installed in the vicinity of a molten metal surface of the molten metal held in the holding furnace and that defines a cross-sectional shape of a casting to be cast by passing the molten metal;
  • a second shape determining member provided near and below the solidification interface of the molten metal that has passed through the first shape determining member. The dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the casting can be improved.
  • the up-drawing continuous casting method is as follows.
  • the casting condition is preferably any one of a flow rate of a cooling gas for cooling the molten metal that has passed through the first shape defining member, a pulling speed of the casting, and a set temperature of the holding furnace.
  • the first shape defining member is constituted by a pipe, and the molten metal is heated or cooled by the first shape defining member.
  • a heating element is loaded inside the pipe to heat the molten metal.
  • the molten metal that has passed through the first shape determining member is allowed to pass through a second shape determining member that is provided near and below the solidification interface.
  • the second shape defining member is driven in the vertical direction according to the position of the solidification interface. The dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the casting can be further improved.
  • the first shape defining member is divided into a plurality of parts, the size of the casting is detected from the image, and the cross-sectional shape defined by the first shape defining member is determined based on the size of the casting. It is preferable to change. The dimensional accuracy of the casting can be improved.
  • the up-drawing continuous casting method is as follows.
  • a heating means or a cooling means is provided inside the shape determining member. The temperature of the molten metal passing through the shape defining member can be quickly changed.
  • the up-drawing continuous casting method is as follows. A step of pulling the molten metal held in the holding furnace through a first shape defining member that defines the cross-sectional shape of the casting to be cast; and Passing the molten metal that has passed through the first shape determining member through a second shape determining member provided near and below the solidification interface of the molten metal.
  • the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the casting can be improved.
  • a solidification interface detection device includes: A solidification interface detection device that detects a solidification interface of a molten metal that has passed through a shape defining member that defines a cross-sectional shape of a casting to be cast, An imaging unit that captures an image of the molten metal that has passed through the shape defining member; An image analysis unit that detects a peristalsis of the melt from the image and determines a solidification interface based on the presence or absence of the perturbation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a free casting apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a shape defining member 102 according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram of the solidification interface control system with which the free casting apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 is provided. It is an example of three images of the solidification interface vicinity. It is a figure which shows the balance with the surface tension in the solidification interface, and the gravity of a holding
  • 3 is a flowchart for explaining a solidification interface control method according to the first embodiment.
  • 6 is a plan view of a shape defining member 202 according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a free casting apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of a shape defining member 102 according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of a shape defining member 202 according to
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of a shape defining member 202 according to Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining a solidification interface control method according to the second embodiment.
  • 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a free casting apparatus according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view of a shape defining member according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a free casting apparatus according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of a shape defining member according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of a shape defining member according to Embodiment 4.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a free casting apparatus according to Embodiment 1.
  • a free casting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 includes a molten metal holding furnace 101, a shape defining member 102, a support rod 104, an actuator 105, a cooling gas nozzle 106, a cooling gas supply unit 107, a pulling machine 108, An imaging unit (camera) 109 is provided.
  • the xy plane in FIG. 1 constitutes a horizontal plane, and the z-axis direction is the vertical direction. More specifically, the positive direction of the z axis is vertically upward.
  • the molten metal holding furnace 101 accommodates a molten metal M1 such as aluminum or an alloy thereof and holds it at a predetermined temperature.
  • a molten metal M1 such as aluminum or an alloy thereof
  • the surface of the molten metal M1 decreases as the casting progresses.
  • the molten metal may be replenished to the molten metal holding furnace 101 at any time during casting to keep the molten metal surface constant.
  • the molten metal M1 may be another metal or alloy other than aluminum.
  • the shape determining member 102 is made of, for example, ceramics or stainless steel, and is disposed in the vicinity of the molten metal surface. In the example of FIG. 1, the shape defining member 102 is disposed so as to contact the hot water surface.
  • the shape defining member 102 defines the cross-sectional shape of the casting M3 to be cast, and prevents the oxide film formed on the surface of the molten metal M1 and foreign matters floating on the surface of the molten metal M1 from entering the casting M3.
  • the casting M3 shown in FIG. 1 is a solid casting in which the shape of a horizontal cross section (hereinafter referred to as a transverse cross section) is a plate shape.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shape defining member 102 according to the first embodiment.
  • the cross-sectional view of the shape determining member 102 in FIG. 1 corresponds to the II cross-sectional view in FIG.
  • the shape defining member 102 has, for example, a rectangular planar shape, and has a rectangular opening portion (a molten metal passage portion 103) having a thickness t ⁇ b> 1 ⁇ a width w ⁇ b> 1 for allowing the molten metal to pass through a central portion.
  • a molten metal passage portion 103 having a thickness t ⁇ b> 1 ⁇ a width w ⁇ b> 1 for allowing the molten metal to pass through a central portion.
  • the xyz coordinates in FIG. 2 coincide with those in FIG.
  • the molten metal M ⁇ b> 1 is pulled up following the casting M ⁇ b> 3 by its surface film and surface tension, and passes through the molten metal passage portion 103 of the shape determining member 102. That is, when the molten metal M1 passes through the molten metal passage portion 103 of the shape defining member 102, an external force is applied from the shape defining member 102 to the molten metal M1, and the cross-sectional shape of the casting M3 is defined.
  • the molten metal pulled up from the molten metal surface following the casting M3 due to the surface film or surface tension of the molten metal is referred to as retained molten metal M2. Further, the boundary between the casting M3 and the retained molten metal M2 is a solidification interface.
  • the support rod 104 supports the shape defining member 102.
  • a support rod 104 is connected to the actuator 105.
  • the shape defining member 102 can be moved in the vertical direction (vertical direction) and the horizontal direction by the actuator 105 via the support rod 104. With such a configuration, the shape determining member 102 can be moved downward as the molten metal surface is lowered due to the progress of casting. Further, since the shape defining member 102 can be moved in the horizontal direction, the shape of the casting M3 in the longitudinal direction can be freely changed.
  • the cooling gas nozzle (cooling unit) 106 is a cooling unit that blows and cools the cooling gas (air, nitrogen, argon, etc.) supplied from the cooling gas supply unit 107 onto the casting M3. Increasing the flow rate of the cooling gas can lower the position of the solidification interface, and decreasing the flow rate of the cooling gas can increase the position of the solidification interface.
  • the casting M3 While the casting M3 is pulled up by the pulling machine 108 connected to the starter ST and the casting M3 is cooled by the cooling gas, the retained molten metal M2 near the solidification interface is sequentially solidified to form the casting M3.
  • the pulling speed by the pulling machine 108 is increased, the position of the solidification interface can be increased, and when the pulling speed is decreased, the position of the solidification interface can be decreased.
  • the imaging unit 109 continuously monitors the vicinity of the solidification interface, which is the boundary between the casting M3 and the retained molten metal M2, while casting. As will be described later in detail, the coagulation interface can be determined from an image photographed by the imaging unit 109.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a solidification interface control system provided in the free casting apparatus according to the first embodiment.
  • the solidification interface control system is for maintaining the position (height) of the solidification interface within a predetermined reference range.
  • the solidification interface control system includes an imaging unit 109, an image analysis unit 110, a casting control unit 111, a pulling machine 108, a molten metal holding furnace 101, and a cooling gas supply unit 107.
  • the imaging unit 109, the pulling machine 108, the molten metal holding furnace 101, and the cooling gas supply unit 107 have been described with reference to FIG.
  • the image analysis unit 110 detects the perturbation of the surface of the retained molten metal M2 from the image photographed by the imaging unit 109. Specifically, the movement of the surface of the retained molten metal M2 can be detected by comparing a plurality of images taken continuously. On the other hand, no rocking occurs on the surface of the casting M3. Therefore, the solidification interface can be determined based on the presence or absence of peristalsis.
  • the imaging unit 109 and the image analysis unit 110 constitute a solidification interface detection device.
  • the solidification interface can be determined by measuring the temperature of the molten metal near the solidification interface.
  • contact-type measurement using a thermocouple or the like is difficult.
  • the molten metal is aluminum or an alloy thereof, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the molten metal, so that non-contact measurement using a radiation thermometer or the like is difficult.
  • FIG. 4 shows three examples of images near the solidification interface.
  • an example of an image when the position of the solidification interface exceeds the upper limit an example of an image when the position of the solidification interface is within the reference range, and an example of an image when the position of the solidification interface is less than the lower limit are shown.
  • the image analysis unit 110 for example, in the image photographed by the imaging unit 109, the region where the peristalsis is detected (that is, considered to be molten metal) and the region where the motion is not detected (ie The boundary portion (which is considered to be a casting) is determined as the solidification interface.
  • the casting control unit 111 includes a storage unit (not shown) that stores a reference range (upper limit and lower limit) of the solidification interface position.
  • a reference range upper limit and lower limit
  • the casting control unit 111 slows the pulling speed of the pulling machine 108, lowers the set temperature of the molten metal holding furnace 101, or cools the gas.
  • the flow rate of the cooling gas supplied from the supply unit 107 is increased.
  • the casting control unit 111 increases the pulling speed of the pulling machine 108, increases the set temperature of the molten metal holding furnace 101, or supplies a cooling gas.
  • the flow rate of the cooling gas supplied from the unit 107 is reduced.
  • the priority order of the three conditions may be determined in advance, and may be changed in descending order of priority.
  • the upper and lower limits of the solidification interface position will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the image example in FIG. 4, when the position of the solidification interface exceeds the upper limit, “necking” occurs in the retained molten metal M ⁇ b> 2, and it develops to “break”.
  • the upper limit of the solidification interface position can be determined by changing the height of the solidification interface and examining in advance whether or not “necking” occurs in the retained molten metal M2.
  • the position of the solidification interface is less than the lower limit, irregularities occur on the surface of the casting M ⁇ b> 3, resulting in a defective shape.
  • the lower limit of the solidification interface position can be determined by changing the height of the solidification interface and examining in advance whether or not irregularities are generated on the surface of the casting M3.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a balance between the surface tension at the solidification interface and the gravity of the retained molten metal.
  • the surface tension for holding the retained molten metal M2 is expressed as 2 ⁇ (w + t) using the thickness t, width w, and surface tension ⁇ per unit length of the casting M3 at the solidification interface. be able to.
  • the gravity applied to the retained molten metal M2 can be approximated to ⁇ wthg using the density ⁇ of the molten metal, the height h of the solidification interface from the molten metal surface (melt surface), and the gravitational acceleration g.
  • the surface tension for holding the retained molten metal M2 needs to be greater than the gravity applied to the retained molten metal M2, 2 ⁇ (w + t)> ⁇ wthg is established.
  • the upper limit may be determined from the height h of the solidification interface that satisfies this relational expression.
  • the thickness t and width w of the casting M3 are smaller than the thickness t1 and width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 103, respectively. .
  • the xyz coordinates in FIG. 5 coincide with those in FIG.
  • an imaging unit that captures an image in the vicinity of the solidification interface
  • an image analysis unit that detects the perturbation of the molten metal surface from the image and determines the solidification interface
  • the solidification interface is within the reference range. If not, a casting control unit for changing casting conditions is provided. Therefore, it is possible to perform feedback control for detecting the solidification interface and maintaining the solidification interface within a predetermined reference range. Therefore, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the casting can be improved.
  • the free casting method according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIG. First, the starter ST is lowered, and the tip of the starter ST is immersed in the molten metal M1 through the molten metal passage portion 103 of the shape defining member 102.
  • start-up of the starter ST is started at a predetermined speed.
  • the retained molten metal M2 pulled up from the molten metal surface following the starter ST is formed by the surface film or surface tension.
  • the retained molten metal M ⁇ b> 2 is formed in the molten metal passage portion 103 of the shape defining member 102. That is, the shape defining member 102 imparts a shape to the retained molten metal M2.
  • the solidification interface is controlled to be maintained within a predetermined reference range. The solidification interface control method will be described below with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the solidification interface control method according to the first embodiment.
  • an image of the vicinity of the solidification interface is taken by the imaging unit 109 (step ST1).
  • the image analysis unit 110 analyzes the image captured by the imaging unit 109 (step ST2). Specifically, the peristalsis of the surface of the retained molten metal M2 is detected by comparing a plurality of continuously photographed images. Then, the image analysis unit 110 determines, in the image captured by the imaging unit 109, a boundary between the region where the peristalsis is detected and the region where the peristalsis is not detected as a solidification interface.
  • the casting control unit 111 determines whether or not the position of the solidification interface determined by the image analysis unit 110 is within the reference range (step ST3).
  • the casting control unit 111 changes any one of the cooling gas flow rate, the casting speed, and the holding furnace set temperature (step ST4). Thereafter, casting control unit 111 determines whether or not casting is completed (step ST5).
  • step ST4 when the solidification interface determined by the image analysis unit 110 exceeds the upper limit, the casting control unit 111 slows the pulling speed of the pulling machine 108 or sets the set temperature of the molten metal holding furnace 101. Or the flow rate of the cooling gas supplied from the cooling gas supply unit 107 is increased.
  • the casting control unit 111 increases the pulling speed of the pulling machine 108, increases the set temperature of the molten metal holding furnace 101, or supplies a cooling gas. The flow rate of the cooling gas supplied from the unit 107 is reduced.
  • step ST3 YES If the position of the solidification interface is within the reference range (step ST3 YES), the process proceeds to step ST5 as it is without changing the casting conditions. If casting is not completed (step ST5 NO), the process returns to step ST1. On the other hand, if the casting is completed (YES in step ST5), the control of the solidification interface is terminated.
  • an image in the vicinity of the solidification interface is taken, and the fluctuation of the molten metal surface is detected from the image to determine the solidification interface. If the solidification interface is not within the reference range, the casting conditions are changed. That is, feedback control for maintaining the solidification interface within a predetermined reference range can be performed. Therefore, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the casting can be improved.
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of the shape defining member 202 according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a side view of the shape defining member 202 according to the second embodiment. Note that the xyz coordinates in FIGS. 7 and 8 also coincide with those in FIG.
  • the shape defining member 202 according to the second embodiment includes four rectangular shape defining plates 202a, 202b, 202c, and 202d as shown in FIG. That is, the shape defining member 202 according to the second embodiment is divided into a plurality of parts. With such a configuration, the thickness t1 and the width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 203 can be changed. Further, the four rectangular shape defining plates 202a, 202b, 202c, 202d can move in the z-axis direction in synchronization.
  • the shape defining plates 202a and 202b are arranged to face each other in the x-axis direction. As shown in FIG. 8, the shape defining plates 202a and 202b are arranged at the same height in the z-axis direction. The interval between the shape defining plates 202a and 202b defines the width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 203. Since the shape defining plates 202a and 202b can move independently in the x-axis direction, the width w1 can be changed. In order to measure the width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 203, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a laser displacement meter S1 may be provided on the shape defining plate 202a, and a laser reflecting plate S2 may be provided on the shape defining plate 202b. .
  • the shape defining plates 202c and 202d are arranged to face each other in the y-axis direction. Further, the shape defining plates 202c and 202c are arranged at the same height in the z-axis direction. The distance between the shape defining plates 202c and 202d defines the thickness t1 of the molten metal passage portion 203. Since the shape defining plates 202c and 202d can move independently in the y-axis direction, the thickness t1 can be changed.
  • the shape defining plates 202a and 202b are disposed so as to contact the upper side of the shape defining plates 202c and 202d.
  • the drive mechanism of the shape defining plate 202a will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the drive mechanism of the shape defining plate 202a includes slide tables T1, T2, linear guides G11, G12, G21, G22, actuators A1, A2, and rods R1, R2.
  • the shape defining plates 202b, 202c, and 202d also have a drive mechanism similar to the shape defining plate 202a, but are omitted in FIGS.
  • the shape defining plate 202a is mounted and fixed on a slide table T1 that can slide in the x-axis direction.
  • the slide table T1 is slidably mounted on a pair of linear guides G11 and G12 extending in parallel with the x-axis direction.
  • the slide table T1 is connected to a rod R1 extending from the actuator A1 in the x-axis direction.
  • the linear guides G11 and G12 and the actuator A1 are mounted and fixed on a slide table T2 that can slide in the z-axis direction.
  • the slide table T2 is slidably placed on a pair of linear guides G21 and G22 extending in parallel with the z-axis direction.
  • the slide table T2 is connected to a rod R2 extending in the z-axis direction from the actuator A2.
  • the linear guides G21 and G22 and the actuator A2 are fixed to a horizontal floor surface or a pedestal (not shown). With the above configuration, the shape defining plate 202a can slide in the z-axis direction.
  • the actuators A1 and A2 can include hydraulic cylinders, air cylinders, motors, and the like.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the solidification interface control method according to the second embodiment.
  • the process up to step ST4 is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the casting control unit 111 determines that the dimensions (thickness t, width w) at the solidification interface determined by the image analysis unit 110 are within the dimensional tolerance of the casting M3. (Step ST11).
  • the dimensions (thickness t, width w) at the solidification interface are obtained simultaneously when the image analysis unit 110 determines the solidification interface.
  • the thickness t1 and the width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 203 are changed (step ST12). Thereafter, casting control unit 111 determines whether or not casting is completed (step ST5).
  • step ST11 If the dimension is within the dimension tolerance (YES in step ST11), the process proceeds to step ST5 as it is without changing the thickness t1 and the width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 203. If casting is not completed (step ST5 NO), the process returns to step ST1. On the other hand, if the casting is completed (YES in step ST5), the control of the solidification interface is terminated. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
  • the free casting method as in the first embodiment, an image in the vicinity of the solidification interface is taken, the perturbation of the molten metal surface is detected from the image, and the solidification interface is determined. If the solidification interface is not within the reference range, the casting conditions are changed. That is, feedback control for maintaining the solidification interface within a predetermined reference range can be performed. Therefore, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the casting can be improved.
  • the thickness t1 and the width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 203 can be changed. Therefore, when determining the solidification interface from the image, the thickness t and the width w at the solidification interface are measured.
  • the thickness t1 and the width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 203 are changed. . That is, feedback control can be performed to maintain the casting dimensions within dimensional tolerances. Therefore, the dimensional accuracy of the casting can be further improved.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the free casting apparatus according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a plan view of a shape defining member according to the third embodiment. Note that the xyz coordinates in FIGS. 10 and 11 also coincide with those in FIG.
  • the first shape defining member 102 similar to the shape defining member 102 according to the first embodiment is provided on the surface of the molten metal, and the second embodiment relates to the second embodiment.
  • a second shape defining member 302 similar to the shape defining member 202 is provided immediately below the solidification interface.
  • the second shape defining member 302 is always feedback-controlled so as to be disposed immediately below the solidification interface determined by image analysis (near and below the solidification interface).
  • the second shape defining member 302 includes four rectangular shape defining plates 302a, 302b, 302c, and 302d.
  • the four rectangular shape defining plates 302a, 302b, 302c, and 302d can move in the z-axis direction in synchronization.
  • the four rectangular shape defining plates 302a, 302b, 302c, and 302d preferably have a thickness of 3 mm or less.
  • the vicinity of the solidification interface means at least the solidification interface side from the center between the molten metal surface and the solidification interface. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the thickness and width of the retained molten metal M2 immediately below the solidification interface can be directly defined by the second shape defining member 302. That is, the thickness and width of the retained molten metal M2 immediately below the solidification interface can be adjusted to the dimensions (thickness t and width w) of the casting M3 by the second shape defining member 302. Therefore, the dimensional accuracy of the casting can be further improved.
  • the thickness t and the width w of the casting M3 at the solidification interface are measured, and the thickness of the retained molten metal M2 immediately below the solidification interface is measured according to these measured values.
  • the width may be finely adjusted. Thereby, the dimensional accuracy of the casting M3 can be further improved.
  • the second shape defining member 302 functions as a scraper, and it is possible to suppress the oxide film formed on the surface of the retained molten metal M2 from being caught in the casting M3. That is, it is possible to suppress the formation of wavy marks on the surface of the casting M3 and improve the surface properties.
  • the above-described problem of wavy traces does not occur in the first place.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a free casting apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a plan view of a shape defining member according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the shape defining member according to the fourth embodiment. Note that the xyz coordinates in FIGS. 12 to 14 also coincide with those in FIG.
  • the shape defining member 202 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is composed of four rectangular shape defining plates 202a, 202b, 202c, and 202d.
  • the shape defining member 402 according to Embodiment 4 includes four shape defining tubes 402a, 402b, 402c, and 402d as shown in FIG. With such a configuration, the thickness t1 and the width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 403 can be changed. Further, the four shape defining tubes 402a, 402b, 402c, and 402d can move in the z-axis direction in synchronization.
  • the shape defining tubes 402a, 402b, 402c, and 402d are pipes in which heater wires (heating elements) such as nichrome wires are incorporated. That is, the shape defining member 402 according to the fourth embodiment includes a heating unit inside. For example, a nichrome wire having a diameter of about 0.3 mm is preferable as the heater wire. The heater wire is covered with an insulator such as magnesia and is loaded in a stainless steel tube having an outer diameter of about 1.5 mm. In order to deteriorate the wettability with the molten metal, a release agent such as boron nitride may be applied to the surfaces of the shape defining tubes 402a, 402b, 402c, and 402d.
  • a release agent such as boron nitride may be applied to the surfaces of the shape defining tubes 402a, 402b, 402c, and 402d.
  • each of the shape defining tubes 402a and 402b is erected from both ends of one y direction extending portion and y direction extending portion extending in the y axis direction (that is, extending in the z axis direction).
  • Two z-direction extending portions (provided), and two x-direction extending portions extending in the x-axis direction from one end of each z-axis extending portion.
  • the shape defining tubes 402a and 402b are arranged in line symmetry with a straight line parallel to the y axis as a symmetry axis.
  • the y direction extending portion of the shape defining tube 402a and the y direction extending portion of the shape defining tube 402b are disposed to face each other.
  • the shape defining tubes 402a and 402b are arranged at the same height in the z-axis direction.
  • the distance between the y-direction extending portion of the shape defining tube 402a and the y-direction extending portion of the shape defining tube 402b defines the width w1 of the molten metal passage portion 403. Since the shape defining tubes 402a and 402b can move independently in the x-axis direction, the width w1 can be changed.
  • the shape defining tubes 402c and 402d are provided with one x-direction extending portion extending in the x-axis direction, and standing from both ends of the x-direction extending portion (that is, the z-axis direction). Two z-direction extending portions), and two y-direction extending portions extending from one end of each z-axis extending portion in the y-axis direction.
  • the shape defining tubes 402c and 402d are arranged in line symmetry with a straight line parallel to the x axis as the axis of symmetry.
  • the x direction extending portion of the shape defining tube 402c and the x direction extending portion of the shape defining tube 402d are disposed to face each other.
  • the shape defining tubes 402c and 402d are arranged at the same height in the z-axis direction.
  • the distance between the x direction extending portion of the shape defining tube 402c and the x direction extending portion of the shape defining tube 402d defines the thickness t1 of the molten metal passage portion 403. Since the shape defining tubes 402c and 402d can move independently in the y-axis direction, the thickness t1 can be changed.
  • the shape defining tubes 402a and 402b are arranged so as to contact the upper side of the shape defining tubes 402c and 402d. Since other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the casting control unit 111 increases the pulling speed of the pulling machine 108, or The set temperature of the molten metal holding furnace 101 is increased or the flow rate of the cooling gas supplied from the cooling gas supply unit 107 is reduced.
  • the shape defining member 402 is composed of a heater, the retained molten metal M2 can be heated by the shape defining member 402 in addition to the above three options.
  • the solidified interface position can be controlled by increasing the temperature of the retained molten metal M2 with better responsiveness than when the set temperature of the molten metal holding furnace 101 is increased.
  • the capacity of the heater itself can be made smaller in the tubular heater than in the plate shape.
  • a cooling gas may be flowed inside to form a cooler. That is, the shape defining member 402 may include a cooling means inside.
  • the casting control unit 111 reduces the pulling speed of the pulling machine 108 or melts the molten metal. The set temperature of the holding furnace 101 is lowered or the flow rate of the cooling gas supplied from the cooling gas supply unit 107 is increased.
  • the shape defining member 402 is formed of a cooler, the retained molten metal M2 can be cooled by the shape defining member 402 in addition to the above three options. It is possible to control the solidification interface position by lowering the temperature of the retained molten metal M2 with better responsiveness than when lowering the set temperature of the molten metal holding furnace 101.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de coulée continue de type à levage selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention qui est pourvu de : un four de maintien (101) qui contient une masse fondue ; un premier composant de régulation de forme (102) qui est disposé à proximité d'une surface fondue d'une masse fondue (M1) qui a été maintenue dans le four de maintien (101) et qui régule une forme en coupe transversale d'une coulée (M3) par la masse fondue le traversant ; une unité d'imagerie (109) qui forme une image d'une masse fondue (M2) qui a traversé le premier composant de régulation de forme (102) ; une unité d'analyse d'image (110) qui détecte un mouvement oscillant dans la masse fondue à partir de l'image et détermine une surface d'interface solide sur la base de la présence ou de l'absence du mouvement d'oscillation ; et une unité de commande de coulée (111) qui modifie les conditions de coulée lorsque l'interface solide déterminée par l'unité d'analyse d'image (110) n'est pas dans une plage standard prédéterminée.
PCT/JP2013/005823 2012-11-22 2013-09-30 Dispositif de coulée continue de type à levage, procédé de coulée continue de type à levage, et dispositif de détection d'interface solide WO2014080559A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201380060796.3A CN104853866B (zh) 2012-11-22 2013-09-30 提拉式连铸装置和方法以及凝固界面检测装置
US14/646,978 US9931692B2 (en) 2012-11-22 2013-09-30 Hoisting type continuous casting device, hoisting type continuous casting method, and solidification interface detection device
GB1508765.3A GB2521988A (en) 2012-11-22 2013-09-30 Hoisting type continuous casting device, hoisting type continuous casting method, and solid interface detection device
AU2013349225A AU2013349225B2 (en) 2012-11-22 2013-09-30 Hoisting type continuous casting device, hoisting type continuous casting method, and solid interface detection device
BR112015011646A BR112015011646A2 (pt) 2012-11-22 2013-09-30 dispositivo de fundição contínua do tipo içamento, método de fundição contínua do tipo içamento e dispositivo de detecção de interface sólida
IN4315DEN2015 IN2015DN04315A (fr) 2012-11-22 2015-05-20

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JP2012256512A JP5924246B2 (ja) 2012-11-22 2012-11-22 引上式連続鋳造装置、引上式連続鋳造方法、及び凝固界面検出装置
JP2012-256512 2012-11-22

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GB (1) GB2521988A (fr)
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JP5924246B2 (ja) 2012-11-22 2016-05-25 トヨタ自動車株式会社 引上式連続鋳造装置、引上式連続鋳造方法、及び凝固界面検出装置
JP6119579B2 (ja) 2013-11-26 2017-04-26 トヨタ自動車株式会社 引上式連続鋳造装置及び引上式連続鋳造方法
JP5915678B2 (ja) 2014-03-10 2016-05-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 引上式連続鋳造装置及び引上式連続鋳造方法
KR101627683B1 (ko) * 2015-11-23 2016-06-07 한국생산기술연구원 중공형상체를 조형가능한 금속 3d프린팅 장치 및 이를 이용하는 3d조형방법

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JP2014104467A (ja) 2014-06-09
CN104853866A (zh) 2015-08-19
AU2013349225A1 (en) 2015-06-11
CN104853866B (zh) 2017-09-19
JP5924246B2 (ja) 2016-05-25
BR112015011646A2 (pt) 2017-07-11
GB2521988A (en) 2015-07-08
GB201508765D0 (en) 2015-07-01
US9931692B2 (en) 2018-04-03
AU2013349225B2 (en) 2016-07-21
US20150298205A1 (en) 2015-10-22

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