WO2014069350A1 - 基材上に形成した構造体、構造体の製造方法および線パターン - Google Patents
基材上に形成した構造体、構造体の製造方法および線パターン Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014069350A1 WO2014069350A1 PCT/JP2013/078916 JP2013078916W WO2014069350A1 WO 2014069350 A1 WO2014069350 A1 WO 2014069350A1 JP 2013078916 W JP2013078916 W JP 2013078916W WO 2014069350 A1 WO2014069350 A1 WO 2014069350A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0296—Conductive pattern lay-out details not covered by sub groups H05K1/02 - H05K1/0295
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
- H05K3/1241—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by ink-jet printing or drawing by dispensing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
- H05K3/1241—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by ink-jet printing or drawing by dispensing
- H05K3/125—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by ink-jet printing or drawing by dispensing by ink-jet printing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a structure formed on a substrate, a method for manufacturing the structure, and a line pattern.
- the present invention relates to a structure formed on a substrate by discharging ink, a method for manufacturing the structure, and a line pattern.
- raw materials such as metal nanoparticle inks and metal alkoxide solutions are made into droplets by an ink jet method, and drawn directly on a substrate to form a fine pattern, followed by heat treatment, etc.
- a method for forming a simple structure without an etching process has been developed.
- a structure having a line width of about 1 ⁇ m can be formed by reducing the size of the droplet.
- the fine pattern before heat treatment formed on the substrate is not crystallized or metallized but needs to be crystallized by heat treatment.
- heat treatment is performed at once after thickening the film, cracking and peeling occur due to shrinkage of the film due to crystallization, and it is difficult to stably manufacture the device. Since it is necessary to repeat the deposition at the same location, it was difficult to form a structure with a high film thickness at high speed.
- the time that the droplet diameter of the ink droplets that have landed on the substrate reaches the maximum allowable droplet diameter is defined as the allowable elapsed time, and this allowable elapsed time elapses from the time of landing.
- set the scanning speed to move the micro droplet landed on the substrate from the landing position to the irradiation position, when the allowable elapsed time has elapsed since landing, that is, when the landed micro droplet is positioned at the irradiation position A technique for controlling the shape of a structure formed by irradiating a minute droplet with laser light is described.
- Patent Document 2 irradiates a fine droplet with laser light at the time of landing, if the laser heating is insufficient, the droplet does not sufficiently dry and solidify, and if the laser power is strong, Fine holes and irregularities, which are considered to be an ink bumping phenomenon, may occur, it is difficult to optimize the conditions, and further miniaturization of the structure is difficult.
- the present invention solves the above-described problem, and suppresses the wetting and spreading of ink in the width direction of the drawing line on the substrate, and the structure capable of realizing a high aspect ratio, and the manufacture of the structure
- An object is to provide a method and a line pattern.
- the droplets are inclined in the moving direction of the substrate, and are continuously superimposed and solidified, and the droplets are solidified on the droplet superimposed solidified layer.
- a droplet fluidized solidified layer that flows and solidifies continuously without overlapping, and a recess formed in a boundary region between the droplet superimposed solidified layer and the droplet fluidized solidified layer; are provided.
- the said structure WHEREIN The said droplet superimposition solidification layer may equip a side part with the convex-shaped part formed by inclining continuously in the moving direction of the said base material.
- the aspect ratio of the structure may be 0.1 or more.
- the structure may have an angle of 5 degrees or more with respect to the substrate surface.
- the droplet fluidized layer may be formed by dispersing metal fine particles, and the metal part particles may appear dispersed on the surface of the droplet fluidized layer.
- the moving base material is irradiated with light, a temperature profile having a peak temperature is formed on the upstream side in the moving direction of the base material, and the droplet is allowed to have a peak temperature of the temperature profile.
- the manufacturing method of the structure made to land in the temperature range used as the low temperature of the downstream of the moving direction of the said base material is provided.
- a temperature gradient in a temperature region that is a low temperature downstream in the moving direction of the base material may be 1 ° C./mm or more and 100 ° C./mm or less.
- the temperature profile may have a non-Gaussian distribution.
- the temperature profile is a temperature distribution of a hat shape or a double hump shape obtained by rotating the non-Gaussian distribution temperature profile around the droplet landing position on the moving substrate. Also good.
- the temperature profile may be defined by the light input power and the thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and moving speed of the base material.
- a line pattern provided with one of the said structures is provided.
- the structure which suppresses the wetting spread of the ink to the width direction of the drawing line on a base material, and can implement
- the schematic diagram of the structure 10 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a side view of the structure 10, (b) is sectional drawing of the structure 10 in AA 'of (a).
- the SEM image of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view of the structure 10, (b) is the enlarged view, (c) is a side view of the structure 10. is there.
- the SEM image of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a top view of the structure 10, (b) is the sectional drawing, (c) is an expansion of the upper surface of the structure 10.
- FIG. The SEM image of the structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention is shown.
- FIG. 1 It is the schematic diagram of the manufacturing apparatus 100 of the structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, the schematic diagram which shows the temperature distribution when the base material 50 is seen from the upper surface, and the schematic diagram which shows the temperature distribution of the moved base material 50 . It is a figure which shows the relationship between the temperature distribution of the droplet landing position 103 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the structure formed. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the structure 10 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is formed, (a) shows the mode of the structure 90 in the 1st temperature range (negative temperature gradient) of FIG.
- FIG. It is a schematic diagram
- (b) is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the structure 10 is formed in the 3rd temperature range (positive temperature gradient) of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the shape of the structure 10 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention
- (a) is a schematic diagram which shows the droplet 20 solidified on the stationary base material
- (b) is the base material which moves It is a schematic diagram which shows the droplet 21 solidified above
- (c) is sectional drawing which cut
- (d) is the structure 10 in CC' of (c).
- FIG. It is a figure which shows the temperature distribution of the droplet landing position 103 which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.
- the present inventors provide a drawing process in a pattern forming method including a drawing process in which droplets are landed on a substrate to form a wiring pattern or a functional film pattern on the substrate.
- a technique for preliminarily heating a droplet landing position where a droplet landed on a substrate by irradiating with a laser or infrared rays was disclosed in International Publication WO2009 / 076023.
- Our technology controls the movement speed of the substrate, the droplet discharge cycle, and the heating of the droplet landing position, thereby suppressing the spread of ink on the substrate and increasing the desired structure. This shows for the first time that a structure having an aspect ratio, that is, a thickness can be formed.
- Patent Document 2 before the droplets land, the outer diameter of the droplets is set to the target outer diameter by irradiating a laser beam to the structure forming position in advance to raise the temperature of the substrate while maintaining the shape of the substrate.
- Patent Document 2 does not sufficiently study the relationship between the local temperature rise of the substrate by irradiating the substrate with laser light in advance and the structure formed by the landed droplets. It is only preheating and it is difficult to form a thick structure.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 1 (a) is a side view of the structure 10
- FIG. 1 (b) is AA ′ in FIG. 1 (a).
- the structure 10 according to the present embodiment includes a droplet superimposed solidified layer 1 in which droplets are inclined in the moving direction of the base material 50 and are continuously overlapped and solidified, and a liquid is applied on the droplet superimposed solidified layer 1.
- the droplet superimposing solidified layer 1 is provided with a convex portion 7 formed on the side portion so as to be continuously inclined in the moving direction of the base material 50.
- FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the structure 10 according to this embodiment formed on the substrate.
- 2A is a top view of the structure 10
- FIG. 2B is an enlarged view thereof
- FIG. 2C is a side view of the structure 10.
- the structure 10 according to the present embodiment is a pattern that is continuously disposed on the substrate 50.
- the structure 10 is inclined in a longitudinal direction (first direction) substantially parallel to the substrate 50 from the lower part of the structure 10 in contact with the substrate 50 toward the upper part of the structure 10 substantially parallel to the substrate 50.
- the linear recess 5 is formed.
- the structure 10 has a convex portion 7 that extends in a width direction (second direction) substantially orthogonal to the first direction toward a third direction opposite to the first direction.
- the structure 10 has a recessed portion 5 along the first direction in the vicinity of the side surface along the first direction of the structure 10 in contact with the base material 50.
- the cross section has a reverse tapered shape like a mushroom.
- the droplet fluidized solid layer 3 is formed by dispersing metal fine particles, and the metal fine particles are dispersed and appear on the surface of the droplet fluidized solid layer 3. Therefore, when a crystallizing material such as a metal is used for the solute of the droplet, when the structure 10 is enlarged, a particulate structure 9 as shown in FIG. 3C can be observed. This indicates that the structure 10 has a polycrystalline structure. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, a scale-like shape 11 that is convex in the first direction at the top of the structure is observed in the structure 10.
- the structure 10 according to this embodiment having such a feature can suppress the wetting and spreading of the ink in the width direction of the drawing line on the substrate 50 and can realize a high aspect ratio.
- the reason why the structure 10 has the scale-like convex portion 7 is that the solvent of the liquid droplets that have landed on the base material 50 is vaporized to solidify the solute, and the solute that has landed and solidified first is covered. It is inferred that by gradually solidifying, it solidifies so as to be compatible with the previously solidified solute. Therefore, in the structure 10 according to the present embodiment, the portion that contacts the base material 50 is solidified immediately, so that it has a shape close to a droplet, but the upper portion gradually solidifies, so that it is smoothly continuous and homogeneous. A structure is formed.
- the structure 10 controls the temperature gradient formed on the base material 50 so that the ink droplets that have landed on the base material 50 are not immediately dried,
- the unevenness formed in the area where the ink droplets that landed dried and overlapped with the conventional ink jet method is smoothed, and the drawing pattern has a smooth surface and side shape. It is characterized by having.
- the temperature of the base material 50 at the position where the liquid droplets landed is too high, the liquid droplets bumped and the solute lumps were separated, and the structure 10 according to the present embodiment was smoothly continuous. A structure cannot be formed.
- the temperature of the substrate 50 at the position where the droplets land is too low, the viscosity of the droplets decreases and spreads on the substrate 50. Therefore, in the present invention, it is important to control the viscosity and flow of the droplet when it has landed on the substrate 50, and the temperature distribution of the substrate 50 at the position where the droplet has landed has an important meaning. Become.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure manufacturing apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment from the bottom, a schematic diagram showing the temperature distribution when the base material 50 is viewed from the top, and a schematic diagram showing the temperature distribution of the moved base material 50. The figure is shown.
- the structure manufacturing apparatus 100 is an apparatus that forms a structure continuously on the base material 50 by making the solution into droplets and landing the droplets on the base material 50.
- the structure manufacturing apparatus 100 includes, for example, a heating unit 110, a discharge unit 120, a temperature measurement unit 130, a moving unit 150, and a control unit (not shown).
- the heating unit 110 is disposed to face the base material 50 and irradiates the irradiation position 101 on the structure forming surface (upper surface) of the base material 50 to heat to a predetermined temperature.
- any known light can be used as long as the light can be heated by applying energy to the surface of the substrate 50 such as infrared rays, ultraviolet rays, laser light, or excimer laser light. . If the surface temperature of the substrate 50 by heating is too high, a boiling phenomenon occurs due to partial heating unevenness of the landed droplets, a dense and smooth fine structure surface cannot be obtained, and the substrate heating temperature is too high. If it is too low, the drying effect is insufficient and the droplets spread.
- the substrate surface temperature at the droplet landing position 103 is preferably 50 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower as the temperature that is not present.
- the heating unit 110 heats the substrate at the irradiation position 101 to a temperature higher than the predetermined surface temperature at the droplet landing position 103. At this time, the heating temperature is lower than the breakage temperature of the substrate.
- the heating unit 110 according to the present embodiment can use a known irradiation device as long as the irradiation area and temperature described above can be realized.
- the base material 50 that can be used in the present embodiment, any known base material can be used as long as it is a base material used in the field of electronic / electric equipment and can be heated by light irradiated from the heating unit 110. It can also be used with substrates. Examples of such a base material include a silicon substrate, a sapphire substrate, a glass substrate, and a resin substrate. However, the base material 50 is a base material that can be heated to a temperature higher than the optimum temperature at which a solution (ink) for forming a structure is solidified. Examples of the resin substrate include polyimide and polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
- a resin substrate is used as the base material 50
- light having a short wavelength such as ultraviolet light or excimer laser light can be suitably used, and a blue LED can also be suitably used.
- a substrate is used as the base material 50, but the present invention is not limited to the substrate, and can be heated by light irradiated from the heating unit 110, and a structure is formed from the discharge unit 120.
- the base material may have various shapes.
- the solution that can be used in the present embodiment discharged from the discharge unit 120 is a solution that increases in viscosity by heating and solidifies the solute, or a solution that increases in viscosity by heating and crosslinks the solute.
- the solution that can be used in the present embodiment is, for example, an ink containing a metal constituted by dispersing fine particles having a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or less in an organic solvent.
- the metal contained as a solute in the solution include any one of gold, silver, copper, platinum, palladium, tungsten, nickel, tantalum, bismuth, lead, indium, tin, zinc, titanium, and aluminum that can form a wiring.
- the solution discharged from the discharge unit 120 may be a solution containing an insulating substance that does not contain metal as a solute.
- the temperature measuring unit 130 measures the surface temperature of the droplet landing position 103 of the substrate 50.
- the temperature measuring unit 130 may measure from any direction as long as it is close to the droplet landing position 103 on the substrate 50 of the droplet.
- the measurement position of the surface temperature of the heated substrate 50 is preferably set as close as possible to the landing position of the droplet on the substrate 50. Since a non-contact type temperature measuring device can be used for the temperature measuring unit 130, a detailed description is omitted.
- the moving unit 150 moves the base member 50 or the heating unit 110 and the discharge unit 120 in the first direction.
- the moving unit 150 is shown as a stage on which the substrate 50 is placed.
- the moving unit 150 may be a device that moves with the heating unit 110 and the discharge unit 120.
- the moving speed of the moving part 150 is controllable in the range of 1 mm / sec or more and 100 mm / sec or less.
- the control unit controls the moving speed of the moving unit 150, the droplet discharge cycle, and the heating of the irradiation region 101 based on the surface temperature of the droplet landing position 103.
- the control unit is, for example, a computer used for device control.
- the control unit controls the heating unit 110 and the moving unit 150 so as to form a predetermined temperature distribution in which the surface temperature of the heated droplet landing position 103 becomes lower in the moving direction of the substrate 50.
- the moving base material (substrate) 50 is irradiated with light, a temperature profile having a peak temperature is formed on the upstream side in the movement direction of the base material 50, and the droplet is determined based on the peak temperature of the temperature profile.
- the material 50 is landed in a temperature region that is a low temperature downstream in the moving direction of the material 50.
- the control unit reciprocates the moving unit 150 at a speed at which a continuous fine structure can be formed in accordance with the droplet discharge cycle.
- the power of the light irradiated from the heating unit 110 is adjusted so that the surface temperature of the droplet landing position 103 measured by the temperature measurement unit 130 is a temperature suitable for drying the droplets that land on the substrate 50.
- the substrate 50 is moved in the direction of the discharge unit 120 (first direction) from the heating unit 110 side, and droplets are discharged from the discharge unit 120 to form the fine structure 10. .
- the profile of the surface temperature of the substrate 50 at the irradiation position 101 immediately below the heating unit 110 shows a Gaussian distribution with respect to the irradiation region in a stationary state.
- the surface temperature of the substrate 50 exhibits an asymmetric temperature distribution with respect to the irradiation region at the droplet landing position 103 moved directly below the discharge unit 120 by the moving unit 150. This is because the irradiation position 101 side of the droplet landing position 103 is energized by the light irradiated from the heating unit 110 and shows a locally steep temperature rise, but the first direction of the droplet landing position 103 On the side, it is assumed that the temperature gradually decreases with time.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature distribution at the droplet landing position 103 and the structure to be formed according to the present embodiment.
- the lower graph shows the local temperature distribution of the surface temperature of the substrate 50 at the droplet landing position 103 according to this embodiment, and FIGS. 6A to 6E are formed in different temperature regions. Shows the structure.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is formed, and FIG. 7A is a structure in the first temperature region (negative temperature gradient) of FIG.
- FIG. 7B is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the structure 10 is formed in the third temperature region (positive temperature gradient) in FIG. 6.
- the temperature distribution at the droplet landing position 103 is a non-Gaussian distribution because the substrate is moving, but the droplet landing position 103 shown in FIG.
- the positional relationship with the temperature region is for one-dimensional drawing. For example, only a linear pattern can be formed.
- this one-dimensional temperature distribution is formed on the moving substrate as a hat-shaped or double hump-shaped temperature distribution rotated around the droplet landing position 103. do it.
- the temperature profile according to the present embodiment is defined by the light input power and the thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and moving speed of the substrate 50.
- a first temperature region that rises in the direction of movement of the substrate 50 a second temperature region in which the temperature is substantially constant or slightly decreases in the first direction, and the first temperature
- region is shown.
- the first temperature region (negative temperature gradient) is a region where the droplet landing position 103 is heated by the heating unit 110 and the temperature rapidly increases in the first direction, as shown in FIG.
- the solvent contained in the solution is volatilized and the solute contained in the solution is solidified.
- the solute does not solidify sufficiently.
- FIG. 7A in the first temperature region, the temperature of the base material 50 side on the solute 15 side that has landed and solidified first is high, and the base of the droplet landing center position 93 side is high.
- the surface of the material 50 has a low temperature gradient.
- the formed structure has a dumpling structure in which droplets are continuous, and is insufficient for use in wiring, an optical waveguide, or the like.
- the solvent of the liquid droplets that have landed on the liquid droplet landing position 103 is vaporized and the solute gradually solidifies.
- the temperature gradient from the droplet landing position 103 decreases toward the solute 15 that has landed first and is almost solidified, and then goes from high temperature to low temperature. (Positive temperature gradient).
- the landing center position 23 of the droplet 21 is in the third temperature region, the unsolidified solute 21 at the droplet landing position 103 is landed first without spreading two-dimensionally on the substrate by the capillary force.
- the liquid droplets When the liquid droplets are landed while the substrate 50 heated by irradiation with light is stationary, the liquid droplets are solidified and have a concave shape at the center as shown in FIG. 8A (coffee ring). It becomes.
- the droplet when a droplet is landed in a state where the substrate 50 heated by irradiation with light is moved, the droplet is solidified and solidified in a droplet shape as shown in FIG. However, even when the base material 50 is moved, it is solidified in a shape in which the central portion is recessed.
- the landed droplets 21 land first and solidify.
- the solute 15 is covered and gradually solidifies.
- the solute 15 that has landed first and solidified has a shape with a recessed central portion, the droplet 21 that has landed later solidifies although the portion in contact with the substrate 50 is solidified immediately.
- the solution that has not landed is superimposed on the dent of the solute 15 that has landed and solidified first. This is presumably because capillary action occurs due to the depression of the solute 15 that has landed and solidified first.
- the droplets are inclined in the moving direction of the base material 50 to form the droplet superimposed solidified layer 1 that is continuously overlapped and solidified.
- droplets flow on the droplet superimposed solidified layer 1 to form a droplet fluidized solidified layer 3 that solidifies continuously without overlapping the droplets.
- the droplet 21 landed later is covered and solidified by covering the surface of the plurality of droplets of the solute 15 that has landed and solidified first.
- the droplet fluidized solid layer 3 has a cross-sectional shape with a reverse taper shape like a mushroom. Form.
- the solute that has landed and solidified first serves as a guide, and the landed in order to suck up the droplets that landed later.
- the structure 10 having a high aspect ratio is formed without the liquid droplets getting wet on the substrate 50. Therefore, in the present invention, the structure 10 having a high aspect ratio in the uniaxial direction (drawing line direction) is formed.
- the droplets 21 that have landed later and larger than the width of the solute 15 that has landed first and solidified in the form of dots on the base material 50 are formed. It is necessary to flow so as to cover the base material 50, and in order to cause the solute (droplet) 21 that has landed on the base material 50 to flow, a certain temperature gradient is required. On the other hand, if this temperature gradient is too large, the solute (droplet) 21 that has landed on the base material 50 fills the solute breaks solidified in the form of dots to obtain a continuous and homogeneous structure surface.
- the structure 10 is thin and covers the structure 10 for a long time, the overlap in the thickness direction of the structure 10 does not increase, and the structure 10 (drawing pattern) having a high aspect ratio cannot be obtained.
- the structure 10 in order to form the structure 10 composed of a plurality of solute droplets having a smooth and uniform surface with a high aspect ratio and no irregularities by diligence and experiment, characteristics of the solute and the solvent and the substrate It can be seen that it depends on the relationship between the moving speed of 50 and the solute discharge frequency.
- the temperature gradient in the temperature region that becomes a low temperature downstream in the moving direction of the base material 50 is 1 ° C./mm or more, 100 ° C. / mm or less.
- the force for pushing the landed solution becomes too large, and the aspect ratio becomes low.
- the temperature gradient is small, the force for pushing out the landed solution becomes small and the aspect ratio becomes high.
- the temperature gradient is too small, it is difficult to solidify the solute, and as a result, the landed droplets wet and spread on the substrate 50, which is not preferable.
- the temperature distribution at the droplet landing position 103 according to this embodiment is a non-Gaussian distribution because the substrate is moving, but the droplet landing position 103 shown in FIG.
- the positional relationship with the temperature region (positive temperature gradient) is for one-dimensional drawing. For example, only a linear pattern can be formed.
- this one-dimensional temperature distribution is formed on the moving substrate as a hat-shaped or double hump-shaped temperature distribution rotated around the droplet landing position 103. do it.
- FIG. 9A shows an example of a temperature distribution close to a Gaussian distribution
- FIG. 9B shows an example of a temperature distribution of a hat shape according to this embodiment.
- the temperature rise and fall are relatively steep, so that the temperature range indicated for the structure formation becomes extremely narrow. Therefore, if the temperature of the droplet landing position 103 is too high, the droplet will boil up and the solute mass will be divided, and if the droplet landing position 103 is too low, the viscosity of the droplet will decrease and the base will drop. It spreads on the material 50 and becomes difficult to control.
- the droplet landing on the droplet landing position 103 vaporizes the solvent of the droplet and solidifies the solute. Then, the droplet superimposed solidified layer 1 is formed by covering the solute that has landed and solidified first. Further, the liquid droplet solidified layer 3 solidified so as to be adapted to the previously solidified solute is formed by gradually solidifying the liquid droplets continuously without overlapping. Thereby, in this embodiment, the smooth continuous and homogeneous structure is formed and the favorable structure 10 can be obtained.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view of ring-shaped irradiation light according to a modification of the present invention.
- the shape of the light irradiated onto the base material 50 is as shown in FIG. It becomes like a ring.
- Such ring-shaped irradiation light is moved not only in four directions as shown in FIG. 10B, but also in any direction of 360 ° on the substrate 50 as shown in FIG.
- a temperature distribution having a shape or a double hump shape can be formed.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a heating unit 210 according to a modification.
- the heating unit 210 has, for example, a structure in which a plurality of waveguides 211 that irradiate light are arranged in a circle by a jig 213. Light is supplied from the light source 215 to the waveguide 211. At this time, the light may be branched from the light source 215 to each of the waveguides 211, or the light may be sequentially supplied from the light source 215 to each of the waveguides 211. By doing in this way, the heating part 210 can irradiate ring-shaped light, and can form the temperature distribution of a hat shape or a double hump shape as mentioned above.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a heating unit 210 according to a modification.
- the heating unit 210 has, for example, a structure in which a plurality of waveguides 211 that irradiate light are arranged in a circle by a j
- FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of ring-shaped irradiation light according to a modification of the present invention.
- the heating unit 210 forms a hat-shaped or double hump-shaped temperature distribution as shown in FIG. can do.
- the structure capable of suppressing the wetting and spreading of ink in the width direction of the drawing line on the substrate and realizing an unprecedented high aspect ratio, and the manufacture of the structure Methods and line patterns can be realized.
- a line pattern can be formed on a base material by the structure mentioned above.
- Such a line pattern can have a width of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and an aspect ratio of 0.1 or more.
- a line pattern can have a width of 0.5 ⁇ m or more and an aspect ratio of 0.1 or more.
- Wiring can be formed.
- light scattering on the side surface is greatly suppressed, and an optical waveguide with little loss can be formed.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the temperature gradient on the substrate 50 and the aspect ratio
- FIG. 14A is an SEM image of the structure 90 formed with a temperature gradient of less than 1 ° C./mm.
- FIG. 14B is a SEM image of the structure 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention formed with a temperature gradient of 1 ° C./mm or more and 100 ° C./mm or less
- FIG. It is a SEM image of structure 95 formed with a big temperature gradient.
- the solute solution is in a practical range within the region (third temperature region) in which the temperature distribution on the moving substrate 50 described above has a positive temperature gradient in FIG. 6. It became clear that the droplet 21 was landed and the temperature gradient at that time was preferably in the range of 1 ° C./mm to 100 ° C./mm.
- FIG. 14A shows a case where the temperature gradient on the moving base material 50 is less than 1 ° C./mm, and the solute that has landed on the base material 50 covers the solute that has already landed and solidified. However, since the amount of landed solute on the base material 50 is insufficient, it cannot cover the gap between the solute landed and solidified in the form of dots. Unevenness appears on the side surface of the drawing structure.
- FIG. 14C shows a case where the temperature gradient on the moving base material 50 is larger than 100 ° C./mm, and landed so as to sufficiently cover the gap between the solutes landed first and solidified into dots.
- FIG. 14A and FIG. 14C shows a case where the temperature gradient on the moving base material 50 is in the range of 1 ° C./mm to 100 ° C./mm, and the solute gap that has landed first and solidified in the form of dots is appropriate. An appropriate amount of the solute is buried, and a linear smooth, homogeneous linear structure having no irregularities is formed on the side surface of the linear drawing structure having an aspect ratio of 0.2 or more.
- FIG. 15 shows the simulation result.
- a temperature distribution in which the temperature decreases in the first direction is formed in the base material irradiated with the laser and moved in the first direction. From this result, it was verified that the temperature distribution necessary for forming the structure according to the present invention is a temperature distribution that becomes a low temperature downstream in the moving direction of the base material 50.
- FIG. 16 shows a comparison result between the measurement result by the thermo viewer and the simulation.
- FIG. 16A shows the measurement result by the thermo viewer
- FIG. 16B shows the simulation
- FIG. 16C shows the result of comparing the two results in a graph.
- Both the actual measurement results and the simulation show an asymmetric temperature distribution with respect to the irradiation region and agree well. From this result, it is clear that the moving base material 50 is irradiated with light, and a temperature profile having a peak temperature is formed on the upstream side in the moving direction of the base material 50.
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Abstract
Description
上述した本実施形態に係る構造体製造装置について説明する。図5は、下から、本実施形態に係る構造体製造装置100の模式図、基材50を上面から見た時の温度分布を示す模式図、および移動した基材50の温度分布を示す模式図を示す。
上述した構造体製造装置100を用いた構造体の製造方法について説明する。本実施形態においては、移動する基材(基板)50に光を照射し、基材50の移動方向の上流側にピーク温度を有する温度プロファイルを形成し、液滴を温度プロファイルのピーク温度から基材50の移動方向の下流側の低温となる温度領域に着弾させる。制御部は、移動部150を液滴の吐出サイクルに合わせ連続的な微細な構造体が形成できる速度で往復運動させる。温度測定部130で測定された液滴着弾位置103の表面温度が基材50上に着弾する液滴乾燥に適切な温度になるように、加熱部110から照射される光のパワーを調整する。図5に示すように、基材50を加熱部110の側から吐出部120の方向(第1の方向)に移動させ、吐出部120から液滴を吐出し、微細な構造体10を形成する。
図13は、本実施例に係る液滴の固化状態を観察したSEM像である。図13(a)は50Hzのサイクルで吐出し、基材上で固化した液滴のSEM像であり、図13(b)はその拡大図である。また、図13(c)は250Hzのサイクルで吐出し、基材上で固化した液滴のSEM像であり、図13(d)はその拡大図である。図13(a)および(b)から明らかなように、着弾した液滴は、基材50の移動方向とは反対の描画方向に広がった滴型の形状を有する。このような形状の液滴をより高速に射出することにより、先に着弾して固化しつつある溶質は、中心部が凹んだ形状となり、後から着弾した液滴は、基材50に接する部分はすぐに固化するものの、固化していない溶液が先に着弾して固化した溶質の凹みに重畳する。これにより、液滴が液滴重畳固化層1上に吸い上げられ、図13(c)および(d)に示した高アスペクト比の本実施例に係る構造体が形成される。
Claims (12)
- 液滴が基材の移動方向に傾斜して、連続して重なり合って固化してなる液滴重畳固化層と、
前記液滴重畳固化層上を前記液滴が流動して、前記液滴が重畳せずに連続して固化してなる液滴流動固化層と、
前記液滴重畳固化層と前記液滴流動固化層との境界域に形成された陥凹部と、
を備えることを特徴とする構造体。 - 前記液滴重畳固化層は、前記基材の移動方向に連続して傾斜して形成された凸形状部を側部に備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記構造体のアクペクト比が0.1以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記構造体は、基材面に対して5度以上の角度を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記液滴流動固化層は、金属微粒子が分散されて形成され、かつ前記液滴流動固化層の表面に前記金属部粒子が分散して出現していることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 移動する基材に光を照射し、
前記基材の移動方向の上流側にピーク温度を有する温度プロファイルを形成し、
液滴を前記温度プロファイルのピーク温度から前記基材の移動方向の下流側の低温となる温度領域に着弾させることを特徴とする構造体の製造方法。 - 前記基材の移動方向の下流側の低温となる温度領域の温度勾配は、1℃/mm以上100℃/mm以下であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の構造体の製造方法。
- 前記温度プロファイルは、非ガウス分布であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の構造体の製造方法。
- 前記温度プロファイルは、前記非ガウス分布の温度プロファイルを、前記移動する基板上で、液滴着弾位置を中心に回転したハットシェイプまたはダブルハンプ形状の温度分布であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の構造体の製造方法。
- 前記温度プロファイルは、前記光の投入パワーと、前記基材の熱伝導率、熱容量及び移動速度と、により規定されることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の構造体の製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の構造体を備えることを特徴とする線パターン。
- 前記構造体は、幅0.5μm以上、アスペクト比0.1以上を備えることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の線パターン。
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