Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D477/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. carbapenicillins, thienamycins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulphur-containing hetero ring
  • C07D477/02—Preparation
  • C07D477/06—Preparation from compounds already containing the ring or condensed ring systems, e.g. by dehydrogenation of the ring, by introduction, elimination or modification of substituents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D477/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. carbapenicillins, thienamycins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulphur-containing hetero ring
  • C07D477/02—Preparation
  • C07D477/06—Preparation from compounds already containing the ring or condensed ring systems, e.g. by dehydrogenation of the ring, by introduction, elimination or modification of substituents
  • C07D477/08—Modification of a carboxyl group directly attached in position 2, e.g. esterification
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D477/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. carbapenicillins, thienamycins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulphur-containing hetero ring
  • C07D477/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. carbapenicillins, thienamycins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulphur-containing hetero ring with hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached in position 4, and with a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. an ester or nitrile radical, directly attached in position 2
  • C07D477/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. carbapenicillins, thienamycins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulphur-containing hetero ring with hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached in position 4, and with a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. an ester or nitrile radical, directly attached in position 2 with hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached in position 6
  • C07D477/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. carbapenicillins, thienamycins; Such ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen-, nitrogen- or sulphur-containing hetero ring with hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached in position 4, and with a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. an ester or nitrile radical, directly attached in position 2 with hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached in position 6 with hetero atoms or carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. an ester or nitrile radical, directly attached in position 3
  • C07D477/20—Sulfur atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
  • C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the preparation of compounds, in particular to the prepara- tion of compounds which may be used as intermediates for the preparation of antibiotics, preferably carbapenem antibiotics, more preferably ertapenem, and salts thereof.
• Ertapenem is used to treat infectious bacteria, including gram positive and gram negative, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
• WO 9857973 A1 discloses a process wherein ertapenem is obtained after the preparation of a monoprotected intermediate and subsequent deprotection via hydrogenation.
• WO 9802439 A1 the preparation of a multiple protected intermediate of a carbapenem compound in an aprotic, polar solvent in the presence of a base is described.
• WO 2008062279 A2 discloses a process for the preparation of a diprotected, amorphous intermediate of ertapenem followed by deprotection and isolation of amorphous ertapenem.
• WO 9857973 A1 discloses a process wherein ertapenem is obtained after the preparation of a monoprotected intermediate and subsequent deprotection via hydrogenation.
• WO 9802439 A1 the preparation of a multiple protected intermediate of a carbapenem compound in an aprotic, polar solvent in the presence of a base is described.
• WO 2008062279 A2 discloses a process for the preparation
• 03026572 A2 a crystalline form A of the monosodium salt of ertapenem and its preparation by means of crystallization starting from a aqueous ertapenem solution and addition of organic solvents, pH value adjustment and addition of anti-solvents.
• IN 01890CH2007 discloses the preparation of amorphous ertapenem starting from an aqueous ertapenem solution by pH value adjustment, addition of a precipitating agent and anti-solvents.
• said prior art provides only processes having major drawbacks.
• the diprotected intermediate obtained in WO 2008062279 A2 is not stable and requires a complicated isolation procedure, which leads to lower yields and the formation of byproducts. - -
• the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof
• PG residues are each and independently a protective group, which is capable of protecting a carboxylic acid function, wherein the PG residues are preferably selected from benzyl protective groups.
• the compound of formula (I) may be in crystalline or in amorphous form.
• the present invention represents an improvement over the known key intermediates for the production of ertapenem or its salts, as the compounds of formula (I) as defined herein may be obtained and purified in a convenient way.
• the compounds of formula (I) are - -
• Some of the compounds of formula (I), e.g. the compound of formula (la), may have the advantage that they can be crystallized.
• protecting group as used herein shall be understood as known in the art. In particular, it shall be understood as a group which has been introduced into a molecule by chemical modification of a functional group of the molecule to avoid a reaction of said functional group in a subsequent reaction.
• the "protective group” is introduced in to the molecule by a reaction of a functional group of the molecule and an "agent suitable for introducing a protective group".
• An "agent suitable for removing the protective group or the PG residue” as used herein shall be understood as known in the art. In particular, it shall be understood as an agent, which cleaves the "protective group” from the said functional group and allows the functional group to react in a subsequent reaction.
• a “protective group” that is “capable of protecting a carboxylic acid function” as used herein shall be understood as a protective group which avoids a reaction of said carboxylic acid function under the conditions of a step a) and/or a step b) as defined herein, especially as exemplified in the examples.
• a “protective group” that is “capable of protecting a carboxylic acid function” avoids between 95 to 100 %, particularly between 98 to 100 %, more particularly 100 %, of a reaction of said carboxylic acid function under basic conditions, in an aprotic solvent, particularly DMAc (2M), at a temperature between -20°C to 35°C, for 2 to 5 hours, in the absence of an "agent suitable for removing the protective group or the PG residue", e.g. hydrogen when the "protective group” is a benzylic group.
• a “protective group” that is “capable of protecting a carboxylic acid function” may thus also be understood as a protective group” that "protects a carboxylic acid function", especially under the conditions of a step a) and/or a step b) as defined herein, especially as exemplified in the examples, particularly as a group that "protects a carboxylic acid function” by avoiding between 95 to 100 %, particularly between 98 to 100 %, more particularly 100 %, of a reaction of said carboxylic acid function under basic conditions, in an aprotic solvent, particularly DMAc (2M), at a temperature between -20°C to 35°C, for 2 to 5 hours, in the absence of an "agent suitable for removing the protective group or the PG residue", e.g. hydrogen when the "protective group” is a benzylic group.
• a protective group that "protects a carboxylic acid function”
• seeding crystal as used herein shall be understood as known in the art. In particular, it shall be understood as a small amount of crystalline material from which a large amount of same crystalline material is grown.
• halide or "halogen” as used herein shall be understood as including at least chlo- rine, iodine, and bromine. - -
• leaving group as used herein shall be understood as known in the art. Suitable leaving groups are listed for example in standard text books such as March's Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure, 6th Edition; Wiley & Sons. Preferred leaving groups are halides, particularly bromide, alkyl sulfonates and aryl sulfonates, and is preferably bromide.
• ambient temperature and “room temperature” used herein will be understood by the person skilled in the art as referring to a temperature between about 20 °C and about 25 °C, particularly between 20 °C and 25 °C.
• the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof
• the PG residues are each and independently a protective group, which is capable of protecting a carboxylic acid function, wherein the PG residues are preferably selected from benzyl protective groups.
• the PG residues may be identical or may be different. It is also possible that only two of the PG residues are identical, e.g. the PG residue attached to the carbapeneme moiety and PG residues attached to the benzoic acid moiety, or the PG residue attached to the carbapeneme moiety and PG residues attached to the pyrrolidine moiety, or the PG residue attached to the benzoic acid moiety and PG residues attached to the pyrrolidine moiety.
• the PG residues are identical.
• Each PG residue may be selected from benzyl, methylene substituted benzyl, p-substituted benzyl, o-substituted benzyl, or m-substituted benzyl groups, wherein the substituent is preferably selected from nitro, methoxy residues or halides; wherein the PG residue is more - -
• the compound of formula (I) may be in crystalline or in amorphous form.
• the compound of formula (I) as defined herein may also be present in form of its solvate.
• the compound of formula (I) is the compound of formula (la)
• the compound of formula (I) is the crystalline compound of formula (la).
• the crystalline compound of formula (la) is characterized by an X-ray powder diffraction pattern with peaks at 2-theta angels of about 3.4°, 6.5°, 14.4°, 17.7°, 21.1 °, 22.1 ° when using Cu- ⁇ radiation (see also figure 1 ).
• the crystalline compound of formula (la) is typically obtained or obtainable by a process as defined herein.
• the compounds of formula (I) or a solvate thereof may be used in a process for the preparation of (4R,5S,6S)-3-[(3S,5S)-5-[(3-carboxyphenyl)carbamoyl]-pyrrolidin-3-yl]sulfanyl-6-(1- hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (formula (VI)) or a salt thereof, preferably the monosodium salt of formula (VII).
• the compounds of formula (I) or a solvate thereof may also be used in a process for the preparation of (4R,5S,6S)-3-[(3S,5S)-5-[(3-carboxyphenyl)carbamoyl]-pyrrolidin-3-yl]sulfanyl- 6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-4-methyl-7-oxo-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid (formula (VI)) or a salt thereof, preferably the monosodium salt of formula (VII), starting from the following compounds of formula (II) and (III) or a salt thereof - -
• step b) of converting the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof to the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof and optionally a step c) of crystallizing the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof from a solution of the compound of formula (I).
• the compound of formula (I) is the compound of formula (la) as defined herein.
• the compound of formula (IV) is used after step a) without purification and/or isolation of the compound of formula (IV) after step a).
• the compound of formula (I) is optionally used after step b) without purification and/or isolation of the compound of formula (I) after step b).
• step a) is carried out at a temperature of -40 °C to 0 °C, particularly from -30 °C to -10 °C, and more particularly -20 °C to -15 °C.
• the solvent is particularly an aprotic solvent, selected from dimethylacetamide (DMAc), tetrahy- drofuran (THF), dimethylformamide (DMF), 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, /v-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and any combination thereof, and is particularly DMAc.
• DMAc dimethylacetamide
• THF tetrahy- drofuran
• DMF dimethylformamide
• 2-methyltetrahydrofuran /v-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
• NMP 2-methyltetrahydrofuran
• NMP 2-methyltetrahydrofuran
• NMP 2-methyltetrahydrofuran
• NMP 2-methyltetrahydrofuran
• Step a) is typically carried out in the presence of a base, which is typically selected from secondary and tertiary amines, particularly isopropylmethylamine, butylme- thylamine, diisopropylethylamine and triethylamine; cyclic tertiary amines, particularly c/s-2,6- dimethylpiperidine, 1 ,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, N-methylpiperidine and N- methylmorpholine; and any combination thereof, and is preferably diisopropylethylamine.
• the base is then present in an amount of 2 to 6 equivalents, particularly of 4 to 5 equivalents, and more particularly 4.4 equivalents, with respect to the compound of formula (II).
• step a) comprises reacting a com ound of formula (Ma),
• step a) is carried out with 1.09 equivalents of the compound of formula (Ilia) in the presence 4.4 equivalents of diisopropylethylamine, each with respect to the compound of formula (Ma); at a temperature of - 20 °C in DMAc.
• the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof is converted in step b) to the compound of formula (I) without purification and/or isolation of the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof after step a).
• Step b) is then typically carried out at a temperature of 10 °C to 45 °C, particularly from 30 °C to 40 °C, and more particularly at 35 °C.
• Converting the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof to the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof is then typically carried out by adding an agent suitable for introducing a protective group.
• the agent suitable for introducing a protective group may be a compound of formula (V)
• the PG residues are as defined herein and wherein L is a leaving group, wherein the compound is preferably added in the same solvent as used for step a).
• L is typically selected from halides, particularly bromide, alkyl sulfonates and aryl sulfonates, and is preferably bromide.
• the compound of formula (V) is selected from p-nitrobenzylbromide and p-nitrobenzylchloride, and is preferably p-nitrobenzylbromide.
• the compound of formula (V) is then typically present in an amount of 1 to 3 equivalents, particularly of 1.2 to 1.4 equivalents, and more particularly 1.3 equivalents, with respect to the compound of formula (II).
• step b) comprises converting a compound of formula (IVa)
• step b) with 1.3 equivalents of p- nitrobenzylbromide with respect to the compound of formula (II); at a temperature of 35°C.
• the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof is converted in step b) to the compound of formula (I) after purification and/or isolation of the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof after step a).
• step b) the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof is present in an amount of 1 equivalent.
• Step b) is then typically carried out at a temperature of 10 °C to 40 °C, particularly from 20 °C to 30 °C, and more particularly room temperature. Converting the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof to the com- - -
• pound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof is then typically carried out by adding an agent suitable for introducing a protective group.
• the agent suitable for introducing a protective group may be a compound of formula (V)
• PG-L (V) wherein the PG residues are as defined herein and wherein L is a leaving group, wherein the compound is preferably added in the same solvent as used for step a).
• L is typically selected from halides, particularly bromide, alkyl sulfonates and aryl sulfonates, and is preferably bromide.
• the PG residue is p-nitrobenzyl
• the compound of formula (V) is selected from p-nitrobenzylbromide and p-nitrobenzylchloride, and is preferably p-nitrobenzylbromide.
• the compound of formula (V) is then typically present in an amount of 1.0 to 3.0 equivalents, particularly of 1.2 to 1.4 equivalents, and more particularly 1.3 equivalents, with respect to the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof.
• Step b) is then typically carried out in the presence of a base, wherein the base is then present in an amount of 1.0 to 4.0 equivalents, particularly of 1.5 to 3 equivalents, and more particularly 2 equivalents, with respect to the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof.
• the base is then typically selected from secondary and tertiary amines, particularly isopropylmethylamine, butylmethylamine, diisopro- pylethylamine and triethylamine; cyclic tertiary amines, particularly c/s-2,6-dirnethyipiperidine, 1 ,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, N-methylpiperidine and N-methylmorpholine; and any combination thereof, and is preferably triethylamine.
• secondary and tertiary amines particularly isopropylmethylamine, butylmethylamine, diisopro- pylethylamine and triethylamine
• cyclic tertiary amines particularly c/s-2,6-dirnethyipiperidine, 1 ,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, N-methylpiperidine and N-methylmorpholine
• any combination thereof and is
• step b) is carried out in a solvent, par- ticularly an aprotic solvent, then the solvent is particularly selected from dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), tetrahydrofuran (THF), 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, N- methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and any combination thereof, and is more particularly DMAc.
• DMF dimethylformamide
• DMAc dimethylacetamide
• THF tetrahydrofuran
• NMP N- methyl-2-pyrrolidone
• the step b) comprises converting a compound of formula (IVa)
• step b) is carried is out with 1.3 equivalents p- nitrobenzylbromide and 1.0 equivalent of a compound of formula (IVa) in the presence of 2 equivalents of triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine, each with respect to the compound of formula (IVa); at room temperature in DMAc.
• a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) as defined herein, particularly a compound of formula (la), in crystalline form comprising a step c) of crystallizing the compound of formula (I) from a solution of the compound of formula (I).
• step c) comprises a step h) of adding seeding crystals to a solution of a compound of formula (I).
• the solution typically comprises the compound of formula (I) in a concentration of 0.05 to 0.20 mol/L, particularly of 0.10 to 0.14 mol/L, and more particularly 0.1 1 mol/L.
• the solvent used for the solution is typically an aprotic solvent, particularly selected from ethyl acetate and heptane, and any combination thereof, and is more particularly ethyl acetate.
• step c) is then carried out at a temperature of -10 °C to 35 °C, particularly from 10 °C to 25 °C, and more particularly 25 °C.
• the process comprises a step h) of adding seeding crystals to a solution of a compound of formula (la), wherein step c) is carried out at 25 °C in ethyl acetate comprising the compound of formula (la) in a concentration of 0.11 mol/L.
• step c) is carried out without purification and/or isolation of the compound of formula (I) after a step b) as defined above.
• step c) is carried out without purification and/or isolation of the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof after step b) has been carried out as defined above and wherein step b) is carried out without purification and/or isolation after a step a) as defined above.
• the solvent used for the solution is particularly the solvent as used in step b).
• step c) may comprise a step e), wherein in step e) the concentration of the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof in the solution is adjusted to be in the range of 0.14 to 0.3M, particularly of 0.15 to 0.2 M, and more particularly 0.16 M, preferably by adding further solvent used for the solution, preferably DMAc.
• step c) may comprises a step f), preferably after a step e) as defined above, wherein in step f) acid is added to quench excess base, wherein the acid is preferably AcOH or HCI, more preferably AcOH.
• step c) comprises a step g), preferably after a step f) as defined above, wherein in step g) an anti-solvent is added wherein the anti-solvent is preferably selected from isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, n-propanol, ethanol, methanol and water, and any combination thereof, and is preferably isopropyl alcohol and water.
• step c) may comprise a step h), preferably after a step g) as defined above, of adding seeding crystals to a solution of a compound of formula (I). Step c) is typically carried out at a temperature of 20 °C to 40 °C, particularly from 32°C to 38 °C, and more particularly 35 °C.
• the process comprises a ste a) of reacting a compound of formula (Ma),
• step a) is carried out with 1 equivalent of the compound of formula (Ha) and 1.09 equivalents of the compound of formula (Ilia) in the presence 4.4 equivalents of diisopro- pylethylamine, each with respect to the compound of formula (I la), at a temperature of - 20 °C in DMAc;
• step c) of crystallizing the compound of formula (la), wherein step c) comprises
• step e) wherein in step e) the concentration of the compound of formula (la) in the solution is adjusted to be 0.16 M by adding further DMAc;
• step f) wherein in step f) AcOH is added;
• step g) wherein in step g) isopropyl alcohol and water are added;
• step h) wherein in step h) seeding crystals are added at a temperature of 35 °C.
• the compound of formula (VI) may be produced in form of a salt, preferably in form of its sodium, potassium, or lithium salt, more preferably in form of its monosodium salt (formula (VII)).
• step d) typically an agent suitable for removing the PG residues is added.
• step d) is carried out in the presence of a catalyst.
• the agent is particularly hydrogen.
• the catalyst is then particularly selected from the group of solid-supported metal catalysts, preferably from palladium-on-carbon, platinum-on-carbon, platinum-vanadium-on-carbon, and palladi- urn hydroxid, and is more preferably palladium-on-carbon.
• step d) is then carried out in the presence of a base, wherein the base is particularly selected from basic inorganic salts, particularly from sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, - -
• step d) the compound of formula (I) is used in crystalline form, particularly as defined herein.
• Step d) is then carried out in the presence of a base and the base is present in an amount of 3.5 to 7 equivalents, particularly 4.5 to 6.5 equivalents, and more particularly 5.5 equivalents, with respect to the compound of formula (I).
• step d) is then carried out at a temperature of 15 °C to 40 °C, particularly from 20 °C to 30 °C, and more particularly room temperature.
• the solvent is particularly selected from water, tetrahydrofuran, isopropyl alcohol, n-propanol, ethanol, methanol, NMP, NEP, DMF, or DMAc, and any combination thereof, and is more preferably a mixture of water, isopropyl alcohol and DMAc.
• step d) comprises converting a compound of formula
• step d) hydrogen is added and wherein step d) is carried out in the presence of palladium-on-carbon and sodium hydrogen carbonate present in an amount of 5.5 equivalents with respect to the compound of formula (la), in a mixture of water, isopropyl alcohol and DMAc, at room temperature.
• step d) the used compound of formula (I) is in amorphous form.
• Step d) is then either carried out as described for the crystalline material or as follows: step d) is then typically carried out in the presence of a base and the base is present in an amount of 3.5 to 4.5 equivalents, particularly 3.7 to 4.2 equivalents, and more particularly 4.0 equivalents, with respect to the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof.
• step d) is then carried out at a temperature of 0 °C to 20 °C, particularly from 5 °C to 15 °C, and more particularly 10 °C.
• a solvent it is preferably selected from water, tetrahydrofuran, isopropyl alcohol, or DMAc, and any combination thereof, and is more preferably a mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol.
• step d) comprises converting a compound of formula
• step d) hydrogen is added and wherein step d) is carried out in the presence of palladium-on-carbon and sodium hydrogen carbonate present in an amount of 4.0 equivalents with respect to the compound of formula (la), in a mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol at 10 °C. - -
• the X-ray powder diffractogram was obtained with a PANalytical X'Pert PRO diffractometer equipped with a theta/theta coupled goniometer in transmission geometry, Cu-Ka1 ,2 radiation (wavelength 0,15419 nm) with a focusing mirror and a solid state PIXcel detector.
• the diffractogram was recorded at a tube voltage of 45 kV and a tube current of 40 mA, applying a stepsize of 0.013° 2-Theta with 40s per step (255 channels) in the angular range of 2° to 40° 2-Theta at ambient conditions (see figure 1 and table 1 ).
• PG residues are each and independently a protective group, which is capable of protecting a carboxylic acid function.
• each PG residue is selected from benzyl, methylene substituted benzyl, p-substituted benzyl, o-substituted benzyl, or m- substituted benzyl groups, wherein the substituent is preferably selected from nitro, methoxy residues or halides; wherein the PG residue is more preferably selected from -
• a crystalline compound of formula (la) obtained or obtainable by a process as defined in any of claims 12, 14, and 19 to 61.
• step a) is carried out at a temperature of -40 °C to 0 °C, particularly from -30 °C to -10 °C, and more particularly -20 °C to -15 °C.
• step a) is carried out in a solvent, particularly an aprotic solvent.
• step a) is carried out in a solvent selected from dimethylacetamide (DMAc), tetrahydrofuran (THF), dimethylfor- mamide (DMF), 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, A/-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and any combination thereof, and is particularly DMAc.
• DMAc dimethylacetamide
• THF tetrahydrofuran
• DMF dimethylfor- mamide
• NMP 2-methyltetrahydrofuran
• NMP A/-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
• step a) the compound of formula (III) or a salt thereof is present in an amount of 1.0 to 1.2 equivalents, particularly of 1.08 to 1.1 equivalents, and more particularly 1.09 equivalents, with respect to the compound of formula (II).
• step a) is carried out in the presence of a base.
• the base is selected from secondary and tertiary amines, particularly isopropylmethylamine, butylmethylamine, diisopropylethyla- mine and triethylamine; cyclic tertiary amines, particularly c/ ' s-2,6-dimethylpiperidine, 1 ,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, N-methylpiperidine and N-methylmorpholine; and any combination thereof, and is preferably diisopropylethylamine.
• step a) com rises reacting a compound of formula (Ma),
• step a) is carried out with 1.09 equivalents of the compound of formula (Ilia) in the presence 4.4 equivalents of diisopropylethylamine, each with respect to the compound of formula (Ma); at a temperature of - 20 °C in DMAc.
• step b) The process of any of items 12, 13, and 17 to 26, wherein the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof is converted in step b) to the compound of formula (I) without purification and/or isolation of the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof after step a).
• step b) is carried out at a temperature of 25 °C to 45 °C, particularly from 30 °C to 40 °C, and more particularly at 35 °C.
• PG residues are as defined in any of items 1 to 4 and wherein L is a leaving group, wherein the compound is preferably added in the same solvent as used for step a).
• L is selected from halides, particularly bromide and alkyl sulfonates and aryl sulfonates, and is preferably bromide.
• step b) comprises converting a compound of formula (IVa)
• step b) is carried out with 1.3 equivalents of p-nitrobenzylbromide with respect to the compound of formula (II); at a temperature of 35°C. - -
• step b) the compound of formula (IV) or a salt thereof is present in an amount of 1 equivalent.
• step b) is carried out at a temperature of 15 °C to 40 °C, particularly from 20 °C to 30 °C, and more particularly room temperature.
• PG residues are as defined in any of items 1 to 4 and wherein L is a leaving group as defined in item 31.
• step b) is carried out in the presence of a base.
• the base is selected from secondary and tertiary amines, particularly isopropylmethylamine, butylmethylamine, diisopropylethylamine and triethylamine; cyclic tertiary amines, particularly c/ ' s-2,6-dimethylpiperidine, 1 ,4- diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, N-methylpiperidine and N-methylmorpholine; and any combination thereof, and is preferably triethylamine and diisopropylamine.
• the base is selected from secondary and tertiary amines, particularly isopropylmethylamine, butylmethylamine, diisopropylethylamine and triethylamine; cyclic tertiary amines, particularly c/ ' s-2,6-dimethylpiperidine, 1 ,4- diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, N-methylpiperidine and N-methylmorpholine;
• step b) is carried out in a solvent, particularly an aprotic solvent.
• step b) is carried out in a solvent selected from dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), tetrahydrofuran (THF), 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, A/-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and any combination thereof, and is particularly DMAc.
• a solvent selected from dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), tetrahydrofuran (THF), 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, A/-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and any combination thereof, and is particularly DMAc.
• step b) comprises converting a compound of formula (IVa)
• step b) is carried is out with 1.3 equivalents p-nitrobenzylbromide and 1.0 equivalent of a compound of formula (IVa) in the presence of 2 equivalents of triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine, each with respect to the compound of formula (IVa); at room temperature in DMAc.
• step c) comprises a step h) of adding seeding crystals to a solution of a compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof.
• step c) is carried out at a temperature of -10 °C to 35 °C, particularly from 10 °C to 25 °C, and more particularly 25 °C.
• step c) of crystallizing the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof, wherein step c) is carried out without purification and/or isolation of the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof after a step b) has been carried out preferably as defined in any of items 27 to 34.
• step c) of crystallizing the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof, wherein step c) is carried out without purification and/or isolation of the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof after step b) has been carried out preferably as defined in any of items 27 to 34 and wherein step b) is carried out without purification and/or isolation of after a step a) has been carried out preferably as defined in any of items 18 to 26.
• step c) comprises a step e), wherein in step e) the concentration of the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof in the solution is adjusted to be in the range of 0.14 to 0.18 M, particularly of 0.15 to 0.17 M, - -
• step c) comprises a step f), preferably after a step e) as defined in item 56, wherein step f) acid is added to quench excess base, wherein the acid is preferably AcOH, HCI, and is more preferably AcOH.
• step c) comprises a step g), preferably after a step f) as defined in item 57, wherein in step g) an anti-solvent is added wherein the anti-solvent is preferably selected from isopropyl alcohol, n-propanol, ethanol, methanol and water, and any combination thereof, and is preferably isopropyl alcohol and water.
• step c) comprises a step h), preferably after a step g) as defined in item 58, of adding seeding crystals to a solution of a compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof.
• step c) is carried out at a temperature of 10 °C to 40 °C, particularly from 32°C to 38 °C, and more particularly 35 °C.
• step a) carried out with 1 equivalent of the compound of formula (lla) and 1.09 equivalents of the compound of formula (Ilia) in the presence 4.4 equivalents of diiso- propylethylamine, each with respect to the compound of formula (lla), at a temperature of - 20 °C in DMAc;
• step f) wherein in step f) AcOH is added;
• step g) wherein in step g) isopropyl alcohol and water are added;
• step h) wherein in step h) seeding crystals are added at a temperature of 35 °C. - -
• step d) an agent suitable for removing the PG residues is added.
• step d) is carried out in the presence of a catalyst.
• the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of solid-supported metal catalysts, preferably palladium-on-carbon, platinum-on-carbon, platinum-vanadium-on-carbon, and palladium hydroxid, and is more preferably palladium-on-carbon.
• step d is carried out in the presence of a base.
• the base is selected from basic inorganic salts, particularly from sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or calcium acetate, particularly sodium hydrogen carbonate and sodium carbonate; and any combination thereof, and is preferably sodium hydrogen carbonate.
• step d) is carried out in the presence of a base and the base is present in an amount of 3.5 to 7 equivalents, particularly 4.5 to 6.5 equivalents, and more particularly 5.5 equivalents, with respect to the compound of formula
• step d) is carried out at a temperature of 15 °C to 40 °C, particularly from 20 °C to 30 °C, and more particularly room temperature.
• step d) is carried out in a solvent, preferably selected from water, tetrahydrofuran, isopropyl alcohol, n-propanol, ethanol, methanol, NMP, NEP, DMF, or DMAc, and any combination thereof, and is more preferably a mixture of water, isopropyl alcohol and DMAc.
• a solvent preferably selected from water, tetrahydrofuran, isopropyl alcohol, n-propanol, ethanol, methanol, NMP, NEP, DMF, or DMAc, and any combination thereof, and is more preferably a mixture of water, isopropyl alcohol and DMAc.
• step d) comprise converting a compound of formula
• step d) hydrogen is added and wherein step d) is carried out in the presence of palladium-on-carbon and sodium hydrogen carbonate present in an amount of 5.5 equivalents with respect to the compound of formula (la), in a mixture of water, isopropyl alcohol and DMAc, at room temperature.
• step d) is carried out in the presence of a base and the base is present in an amount of 3.5 to 4.5 equivalents, particularly 3.7 to 4.2 equivalents, and more particularly 4.0 equivalents, with respect to the compound of formula (I) or a solvate thereof.
• step d) is carried out at a temperature of 0 °C to 20 °C, particularly from 5 °C to 15 °C, and more particularly 10 °C.
• step d) is carried out in a solvent, preferably selected from water, tetrahydrofuran, isopropyl alcohol, or DMAc, and any combination thereof, and is more preferably a mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol.
• a solvent preferably selected from water, tetrahydrofuran, isopropyl alcohol, or DMAc, and any combination thereof, and is more preferably a mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol.
• step d) hydrogen is added and wherein step d) is carried out in the presence of palladium-on-carbon and sodium hydrogen carbonate present in an amount of 4.0 equivalents with respect to the compound of formula (la), in a mixture of water and isopropyl alcohol at 10 °C.

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• 2013
  • 2013-10-11 EP EP13774444.7A patent/EP2906561A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2013-10-11 KR KR1020157009049A patent/KR20150065176A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2013-10-11 WO PCT/EP2013/071252 patent/WO2014057079A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2013-10-11 US US14/434,550 patent/US9546171B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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  • 2013-10-11 CA CA2887098A patent/CA2887098A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2017
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