WO2014056439A1 - 一种馈电网络、天线及双极化天线阵列馈电电路 - Google Patents

一种馈电网络、天线及双极化天线阵列馈电电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014056439A1
WO2014056439A1 PCT/CN2013/084945 CN2013084945W WO2014056439A1 WO 2014056439 A1 WO2014056439 A1 WO 2014056439A1 CN 2013084945 W CN2013084945 W CN 2013084945W WO 2014056439 A1 WO2014056439 A1 WO 2014056439A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
feed
network
microstrip line
output port
positive
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2013/084945
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭宏利
肖伟宏
王琳琳
罗伟
马霓
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to KR1020157010545A priority Critical patent/KR101693583B1/ko
Priority to EP13845753.6A priority patent/EP2892108A4/en
Priority to JP2015535973A priority patent/JP6296570B2/ja
Publication of WO2014056439A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014056439A1/zh
Priority to US14/681,614 priority patent/US9525212B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0075Stripline fed arrays
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/165Auxiliary devices for rotating the plane of polarisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/062Two dimensional planar arrays using dipole aerials
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/001Crossed polarisation dual antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a feeding network, an antenna and a dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit.
  • a feeding network an antenna and a dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit.
  • the rapid development and application of mobile communication base station antenna technology strongly promotes the development of base station antennas toward miniaturization, integration, and multi-function (multi-band, multi-polarization, and multi-purpose).
  • the antenna feed network as one of the important components in the base station antenna subsystem, is one of the important factors that restrict the further miniaturization of the base station antenna system. Therefore, designing a high-performance, compact base station antenna feed network has become the focus of antenna technology research.
  • a feed network In the embodiment of the present invention, a feed network, an antenna, and a dual-polarized antenna array feed circuit are provided.
  • the feed network is small in size and can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a feed network, where the feed network is disposed on a printed circuit board
  • the PCB includes: a positive 45 degree polarization port, a negative 45 degree polarization port, a first positive 45 degree polarization output port, a second positive 45 degree polarization output port, and a first negative 45 degree polarization output. a port, and a second negative 45 degree polarization output port;
  • the feed network includes: a first feed network and a second feed network;
  • the first feed electron network includes: a first balun device, a first microstrip line, and a second microstrip line; an input end of the first balun device is connected to the positive 45 degree polarization port; a microstrip line connected between the first output of the first balun device and the first positive 45 degree polarization output port; the second microstrip line being coupled to the first balun device Between the second output and the second positive 45 degree polarization output port;
  • the first microstrip line and the second microstrip line have equal electrical lengths and equal characteristic impedance values, such that the signal amplitudes of the first positive 45-degree polarization output port and the second positive 45-degree polarization output port are equal. , the phase difference is 180 degrees;
  • the second feed network includes: a second balun device, a third microstrip line, and a fourth microstrip line; an input end of the second balun device is connected to the negative 45 degree polarization port; a triple microstrip line connected between the first output of the second balun device and the first negative 45 degree polarization output port; the fourth microstrip line being coupled to the second balun device Between the second output terminal and the second negative 45 degree polarization output port;
  • the third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line have equal electrical lengths and equal characteristic impedance values, such that the signal amplitudes of the first negative 45-degree polarization output port and the second negative 45-degree polarization output port are equal. , the phase difference is 180 degrees.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electromagnetic coupling antenna, where the electromagnetic coupling antenna includes the feeding network;
  • the electromagnetic coupling antenna further includes: a first feeding column and a second feeding column disposed diagonally, a third feeding column and a fourth feeding column disposed diagonally, and being disposed on the feeding column An upper horizontal radiating unit; the first feeding post and the second feeding post are respectively connected to the first positive 45-degree polarized output port and the second positive 45-degree polarized output port of the feeding network; The third feed column and the fourth feed column are respectively connected to the first negative 45 degree polarization output port and the second negative 45 degree polarization output port of the feed network.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an antenna, where the antenna includes the feed network.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit, where the circuit includes four of the feeding networks;
  • the circuit further includes: a positive 45 degree polarization external power distribution feed electronic network and a negative 45 degree polarization external power distribution feed electronic network;
  • the positive 45 degree polarization external power distribution electronic network has four output ends; each output end is respectively connected to a positive 45 degree polarization port of each feed network;
  • the negative 45 degree polarization external power distribution electronic network has four outputs, each of which is connected to a negative 45 degree polarization port of each feed network.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit, wherein the circuit includes n of the feeding networks; wherein n is a positive integer.
  • a balun device is disposed at each signal input port, and the excitation current signal input from the signal input port is shunted and processed into two equal amplitudes.
  • the opposite phase current signals are respectively transmitted to a signal output port corresponding to the signal input port through a pair of microstrip lines having equal electrical lengths and equal characteristic impedance values, so that the signal amplitudes at the two signal output ports are equal and the phases are different. 180 degree.
  • balun devices are added, thereby expanding the frequency band covered by the feeding network without increasing the volume of the feeding network, so that The feed network is small in size and can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • FIG. 1 is a physical structural diagram of a feed network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a physical structural diagram of a first feed electronic network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a physical structural diagram of a second feed electronic network according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a S12 parameter curve diagram of the positive 45 degree polarization port and the negative 45 degree polarization port of the feed network shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of an electromagnetic coupling antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a feeder network, an antenna, and a dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit.
  • the feeding network is small in size and can cover a large amount. Frequency bands.
  • FIG. 1 is a physical structural diagram of a feed network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the feed network is disposed on a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) 10.
  • PCB Print Circuit Board
  • the PCB 10 is provided with two signal input ports and four signal output ports.
  • the two signal input ports are: a positive 45 degree polarization port M1 and a negative 45 degree polarization port M2.
  • the four signal output ports are respectively: a first positive 45-degree polarization output port P1 and a second positive 45-degree polarization output port P3 corresponding to the positive 45-degree polarization port M1, and the negative 45
  • the polarization port M2 corresponds to a first negative 45 degree polarization output port Q1 and a second negative 45 degree polarization output port Q3.
  • the positive 45 degree polarization port M1 and the negative 45 degree polarization port M2 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the PCB 10.
  • the first positive 45 degree polarization output port P1 and the second positive 45 degree polarization output port P3 are diagonally disposed to form an output port pair.
  • the first negative 45 degree polarization output port Q1 and the second negative 45 degree polarization output port Q3 are diagonally arranged to form an output port pair.
  • the positive 45 degree polarization port M1 receives the excitation current and is respectively transmitted to the first positive through the microstrip line
  • the negative 45 degree polarization port M2 receives the excitation current, and is respectively transmitted to the first negative 45 degree polarization output port Q1 and the second negative 45 degree polarization output port Q3 through the microstrip line, and passes the first negative 45 degree.
  • the polarization output port Q1 and the second negative 45 degree polarization output port Q3 feed the external feed column.
  • the feed network includes: a first feed network and a second feed network.
  • FIG. 2 it is a physical structure diagram of a first feed electronic network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first feed electron network includes: a first balun (balanced-unbalanced conversion) device 101, a first microstrip line 102, and a second microstrip line 103.
  • the first balun device 101 is connected to the positive 45 degree polarization port M1; the first microstrip line 102 is connected to the first output end of the first balun device 101 and the first a positive 45 degree polarization output port P1; the second microstrip line 103 is connected between the second output end of the first balun device 101 and the second positive 45 degree polarization output port P3 .
  • the first balun device 101 receives the excitation current signal A input by the positive 45-degree polarization port M1, and outputs two first current signals B1 and second current signals B3 of equal amplitude and opposite phases.
  • the first balun device 101 is electrically connected to the first microstrip line 102 and the second microstrip line 103, respectively.
  • the first microstrip line 102 transmits the first current signal B1 output by the first balun device 101 to the first positive 45 degree polarization output port P1.
  • the second microstrip line 103 transmits the second current signal B3 output by the first balun device 101 to the second positive 45 degree polarization output port P3.
  • the first microstrip line 102 and the second microstrip line 103 have equal electrical lengths and equal characteristic impedance values, such that the first positive 45 degree polarization output port P1 and the second positive 45 degree polarization output port P3 of The signal amplitudes are equal and the phases are 180 degrees out of phase.
  • the second feed network includes: a second balun device 105, a third microstrip line 104, and a fourth strip line 106.
  • the second balun device 105 is connected to the negative 45 degree polarization port M2; the third microstrip line 104 is connected to the first output end of the second balun device 105 and the first a negative 45 degree polarization output port Q1; the fourth microstrip line 106 is connected between the second output end of the second balun device 105 and the second negative 45 degree polarization output port Q3 .
  • the second balun device 105 receives the excitation current signal B input from the negative 45-degree polarization port M2, and outputs two third current signals A1 and fourth current signals A3 of equal amplitude and opposite phases.
  • the second balun device 105 is electrically connected to the third microstrip line 104 and the fourth microstrip line 106, respectively.
  • the third microstrip line 104 transmits a third current signal A1 output by the second balun device 105 to the first negative 45 degree polarization output port Q1.
  • the fourth microstrip line 106 transmits a fourth current signal A3 output by the second balun device 105 to the second negative 45 degree polarization output port Q3.
  • the electrical lengths of the third microstrip line 104 and the fourth microstrip line 106 are equal, and the characteristic impedance values are equal, such that the first negative 45 degree polarization output port Q1 and the second negative 45 degree polarization output port Q3
  • the signal amplitudes are equal and the phases are 180 degrees out of phase.
  • a balun device is disposed at each signal input port, and the excitation current signal input from the signal input port is shunted and processed into two equal amplitudes.
  • the opposite phase current signals are respectively transmitted to a signal output port corresponding to the signal input port through a pair of microstrip lines having equal electrical lengths and equal characteristic impedance values, so that the signal amplitudes at the two signal output ports are equal and the phases are different. 180 degree.
  • balun devices are added, thereby expanding the frequency band covered by the feeding network without increasing the volume of the feeding network, so that The feed network is small in size and can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • the feed network provided by the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. A better design of the network.
  • the solution is only a preferred implementation form of the present invention.
  • the feed network may be, but is not limited to, implemented in the form shown in FIG.
  • the first microstrip line 102 and the second microstrip line 103 of the first feed electron network form a horizontal-vertical microstrip line group. Specifically, the first microstrip line 102 is horizontal with respect to the second microstrip line 103, and the second microstrip line 103 is in a vertical state with respect to the first microstrip line 102.
  • the electrical lengths of the first microstrip line 102 and the second microstrip line 103 are equal, and the characteristic impedance values are all 45 ohms, and the corresponding line widths are both 2.16 mm.
  • the third microstrip line 104 and the fourth microstrip line 106 of the second feed electron network form a 45 degree beveled microstrip line set. Specifically, the third microstrip line 104 and the fourth microstrip line 106 are both in a 45 degree diagonal state.
  • the electrical lengths of the third microstrip line 104 and the fourth microstrip line 106 are equal, and the characteristic impedance values are all 45 ohms, and the corresponding line widths are both 2.16 mm.
  • the first balun device 101 and the second balun device 105 may be arranged in a planar configuration to reduce the volume of the feed network.
  • the feed network shown in Figure 1 is only 60mm X 60mm X 0.76mm.
  • the structure of the feed network shown in Figure 1 and the use of two balun devices can make the coverage frequency of the feed network 1.71-2.69 GHz. Therefore, on the basis that the volume of the feed network is as small as possible, the frequency band covered by the feed network is expanded, so that the feed network is small in size and can cover multiple frequency bands.
  • FIG. 4 it is a S11 parameter curve of a positive 45 degree polarization port of the feed network shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 it is a positive 45 degree polarization port of the feed network shown in FIG. S 12 parameter plot of a negative 45 degree polarized port.
  • the abscissa is the frequency (GHz) and the ordinate is the S parameter (dB).
  • the positive 45 degree polarization port of the feed network described in the embodiment of the present invention As shown in FIG. 4, the positive 45 degree polarization port of the feed network described in the embodiment of the present invention
  • the S 11 parameter is less than -14 dB over the entire bandwidth; as shown in FIG. 5, the S12 parameters of the positive 45-degree polarization port and the negative 45-degree polarization port of the feed network are less than -25 dB over the entire bandwidth. This shows that The feed network has a polarization isolation of more than 25 dB over the entire bandwidth, indicating that the feed network has good circuit performance.
  • the electromagnetic dipole antenna includes a feed network 20 as shown in FIG.
  • the feed network is disposed on the PCB 30.
  • the electromagnetic dipole antenna is provided with four feed columns 201 to 204 for respectively connecting four signal output ports P1, P3, Q1 and Q3 of the feed network 20.
  • Above the four feed columns 201 to 204 is a horizontal radiating element 205.
  • the feed column is configured to receive an electrical signal outputted by each of the signal output ports connected thereto, radiate electromagnetic waves outward, and couple the power to the horizontal radiating unit 205 to implement the antenna radiating function.
  • the electromagnetic coupling antenna includes: a first feeding column 201, a second feeding column 202, a third feeding column 203, a fourth feeding column 204, and a horizontal radiating unit 205.
  • the first feeding column 201 and the second feeding column 202 are diagonally disposed; the third feeding column 203 and the fourth feeding column 204 are diagonally disposed; the horizontal radiating unit 205 is in four feedings. Above the posts 201 to 204.
  • the first feed column 201 and the second feed column 202 are respectively connected to the first positive 45-degree polarization output port P1 and the second positive 45-degree polarization output port P3 of the feed network 20.
  • the third metal pillar 203 and the fourth metal pillar 204 are respectively connected to the first negative 45-degree polarization output port Q1 and the second negative 45-degree polarization output port Q3 of the feed network 20.
  • the electromagnetic coupling antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention adopts a feeding network according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a balun device is disposed at each signal input port, and the signal input port input excitation is performed at the signal input port.
  • the current signal is shunted and divided into two equal-amplitude, opposite-phase current signals, and respectively transmitted to a signal output port corresponding to the signal input port through a pair of microstrip lines having equal electrical lengths and equal characteristic impedance values. So that the signal amplitudes at the two signal output ports are equal and the phases are 180 degrees out of phase.
  • two balun devices are added, thereby expanding the frequency range covered by the electromagnetic coupling antenna without increasing the volume of the electromagnetic coupling antenna, so that the electromagnetic coupling antenna Small in size and capable of covering multiple frequency bands.
  • the feeding network of the present invention can be applied to, but not limited to, an electromagnetic dipole antenna, and can be applied to the existing one.
  • the form of the antenna is used to extend the range of the frequency band covered by the antenna without increasing the size of the antenna.
  • embodiments of the present invention may further include an antenna including the feed network as described in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit comprises four feeding networks 401 to 404 as shown in FIG. 1, a positive 45-degree polarization external power feeding electronic network 405, and a negative 45-degree polarization external power feeding electronic network. 406.
  • the positive 45-degree polarization external power distribution electronic network 405 has four outputs, and performs a function of 1 minute 4, each of which is connected to a positive 45-degree polarization of each feed network.
  • the port M1 implements a positive 45 degree polarization feed for each antenna, so that the positive 45 degree polarized antenna array as a whole performs a function of 1 minute 8.
  • the negative 45 degree polarization external power distribution electronic network 406 has four outputs, and performs the function of 1 minute 4, and each output end is respectively connected to the negative 45 degree polarization port M2 of each feed network, realizing The negative 45-degree polarization feed of the antennas enables the negative 45-degree polarized antenna array to perform a one-eighth overall function.
  • the dual-polarized antenna array feed circuit shown in Fig. 7 constitutes a two-input six-output feed network.
  • the dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit of the embodiment of the present invention adopts a feeding network according to an embodiment of the present invention, and a balun device is disposed at each signal input port, and the signal input port is input at the signal input port.
  • the excitation current signal is shunted and divided into two equal-amplitude, opposite-phase current signals, and respectively transmitted to a signal corresponding to the signal input port through a pair of microstrip lines having equal electrical lengths and equal characteristic impedance values.
  • Output port so that the signal amplitude at the two signal output ports The degrees are equal and the phases are 180 degrees out of phase.
  • balun devices are added, thereby expanding the frequency range covered by the dual-polarized antenna array without increasing the volume of the dual-polarized antenna array, so that the dual-polarized antenna array Small in size and capable of covering multiple frequency bands.
  • the above embodiment of the present invention provides a specific implementation form of a dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit, and the dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit includes four feeding networks.
  • the dual-polarized antenna array feed circuit of the present invention may, but is not limited to, include four feed networks, and may actually include any positive integer feed network.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a dual-polarized antenna array feeding circuit, comprising n feeding networks as shown in FIG. 1, wherein n is a positive integer.
  • the above utility model provided by the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular to a feed network, an antenna and a dual-polarized antenna array feed circuit, which are described in detail, and specific examples are applied herein.
  • the principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described. The description of the above embodiments is only for helping to understand the method of the present invention and its core ideas. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, There will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Abstract

本实用新型实施例公开一种馈电网络,包括:第一馈电子网络的第一巴伦器件接PCB正45度极化端口,与PCB第一正45度极化输出端口间接第一微带线,与第二正45度极化输出端口间接第二微带线,使第一正45度极化输出端口和第二正45度极化输出端口处信号幅度相等、相位差180度;第二馈电子网络的第二巴伦器件接PCB负45度极化端口,与PCB第一负45度极化输出端口间接第三微带线,与第二负45度极化输出端口间接第四微带线,使第一负45度极化输出端口和第二负45度极化输出端口处信号幅度相等、相位差180度。本实用新型实施例还提供一种天线和双极化天线阵列馈电电路。本实施例的馈电网络体积较小且能够覆盖多个频段。

Description

一种馈电网络、 天线及双极化天线阵列馈电电路 本申请要求于 2012 年 1 0 月 1 0 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 20122051 661 3. 7、 实用新型名称为 "一种馈电网络、 天线及双极化天线阵列馈 电电路" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本实用新型涉及无线通信技术领域, 特别是涉及一种馈电网络、 天线及双 极化天线阵列馈电电路。 背景技术 移动通信基站天线技术的迅速发展和应用, 有力地推动了基站天线向小型 化、 集成化、 多功能(多频段、 多极化和多用途) 的方向发展。 天线馈电网络, 作为基站天线子系统中的重要部件之一, 其高性能、 小型化是制约基站天线系 统进一步小型化的重要因素之一。 因而, 设计高性能、 小型化的基站天线馈电 网络已经成为天线技术研究的重点。
目前, 国内外在基站馈电天线技术方面有很多文献。 其中, 期刊电信技术 在 201 1年 12月 25 日发表的文章《小型化基站天线带来的影响》最具有代表性。 该文章主要介绍了一种可用于 806 ~ 960MHz , 171 0 - 2170MHz和 171 0 ~ 2170MHz 的三频段基站天线。 该天线的体积为 1 340mm X 380mm X 1 00mm。
由此可见, 现有技术的基站天线馈电网络虽然能够覆盖多个频段, 但是其 体积过大, 不利于新型通信系统中天线小型化的需求。 发明内容
本实用新型实施例中提供了一种馈电网络、 天线及双极化天线阵列馈电电 路, 该馈电网络体积较小且能够覆盖多个频段。
本实用新型实施例提供一种馈电网络, 所述馈电网络设置在印刷电路板 PCB上; 所述 PCB包括: 正 45度极化端口、 负 45度极化端口、 第一正 45度 极化输出端口、 第二正 45度极化输出端口、 第一负 45度极化输出端口、 及第 二负 45度极化输出端口;
所述馈电网络包括: 第一馈电子网络和第二馈电子网络;
所述第一馈电子网络包括: 第一巴伦器件、 第一微带线和第二微带线; 所述第一巴伦器件的输入端接所述正 45度极化端口; 所述第一微带线连接 在所述第一巴伦器件的第一输出端和所述第一正 45度极化输出端口之间; 所述 第二微带线连接在所述第一巴伦器件的第二输出端和所述第二正 45度极化输出 端口之间;
所述第一微带线和第二微带线的电长度相等、 特性阻抗值相等, 使得所述 第一正 45度极化输出端口和第二正 45度极化输出端口处的信号幅度相等、 相 位相差 180度;
所述第二馈电子网络包括: 第二巴伦器件、 第三微带线和第四微带线; 所述第二巴伦器件的输入端接所述负 45度极化端口; 所述第三微带线连接 在所述第二巴伦器件的第一输出端和所述第一负 45度极化输出端口之间; 所述 第四微带线连接在所述第二巴伦器件的第二输出端和所述第二负 45度极化输出 端口之间;
所述第三微带线和第四微带线的电长度相等、 特性阻抗值相等, 使得所述 第一负 45度极化输出端口和第二负 45度极化输出端口处的信号幅度相等、 相 位相差 180度。
本实用新型实施例还提供一种电磁耦极子天线, 所述电磁耦极子天线包括 所述的馈电网络;
所述电磁耦极子天线还包括: 对角设置的第一馈电柱和第二馈电柱、 对角 设置的第三馈电柱和第四馈电柱、 以及设置在所述馈电柱上方的水平辐射单元; 所述第一馈电柱和第二馈电柱分别用于接所述馈电网络的第一正 45度极化 输出端口和第二正 45度极化输出端口; 所述第三馈电柱和第四馈电柱分别用于接所述馈电网络的第一负 45度极化 输出端口和第二负 45度极化输出端口。
本实用新型实施例还提供一种天线, 所述天线包括所述的馈电网络。
本实用新型实施例还提供一种双极化天线阵列馈电电路, 所述电路包括四 个所述的馈电网络;
所述电路还包括: 正 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络和负 45度极化外部功 分馈电子网络;
所述正 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络具有四个输出端; 每个输出端分别接 各馈电网络的正 45度极化端口;
所述负 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络具有四个输出端, 每个输出端分别接 各馈电网络的负 45度极化端口。
本实用新型实施例还提供一种双极化天线阵列馈电电路, 所述电路包括 n 个所述的馈电网络; 其中, n为正整数。
本实用新型实施例所述的馈电网络中, 在每个信号输入端口处均设置一巴 伦器件, 将该处信号输入端口输入的激励电流信号进行分路处理, 分为两路幅 度相等、 相位相反的电流信号, 并分别通过一对电长度相等、 特性阻抗值相等 的微带线传输至与该信号输入端口相对应的信号输出端口, 使得两信号输出端 口处的信号幅度相等、 相位相差 180度。
与现有的馈电网络相比, 本实用新型实施例中, 增设了两个巴伦器件, 由 此可以在不增加馈电网络体积的基础上, 扩展该馈电网络覆盖的频段范围, 使 得该馈电网络体积较小且能够覆盖多个频段。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案, 下面将 对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附 图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创 造性劳动的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 图 1为本实用新型实施例所述的馈电网络的物理结构图;
图 2为本实用新型实施例所述的第一馈电子网络的物理结构图; 图 3为本实用新型实施例所述的第二馈电子网络的物理结构图; 图 4为图 1所示馈电网络的正 45度极化端口的 S11参数曲线图; 图 5为图 1所示馈电网络的正 45度极化端口和负 45度极化端口的 S12 参数曲线图;
图 6为本实用新型实施例所述的电磁耦极子天线的结构图;
具体实施方式 下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图, 对本实用新型实施例中的技术 方案进行清楚、 完整的描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部 分实施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本实用新型中的实施例, 本领域普通 技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本 实用新型保护的范围。
本实用新型实施例中提供了一种本实用新型涉及无线通信技术领域, 特 别是涉及一种馈电网络、 天线及双极化天线阵列馈电电路, 该馈电网络体积 较小且能够覆盖多个频段。
参照图 1 , 为本实用新型实施例提供的一种馈电网络的物理结构图。 所 述馈电网络设置在 PCB ( Printed Circuit Board, 印刷电路板) 10上。
所述 PCB 10设置有两个信号输入端口和四个信号输出端口。
如图 1所示, 所述两个信号输入端口分别为: 正 45度极化端口 Ml和负 45度极化端口 M2。
所述四个信号输出端口分别为:与所述正 45度极化端口 Ml相对应的第 一正 45度极化输出端口 P1和第二正 45度极化输出端口 P3 ,与所述负 45度 极化端口 M2相对应的第一负 45度极化输出端口 Q1和第二负 45度极化输 出端口 Q3。 具体的, 所述正 45度极化端口 Ml和负 45度极化端口 M2分别设置在 所述 PCB 10相对的两条边上。 所述第一正 45度极化输出端口 P1和第二正 45度极化输出端口 P3对角设置, 构成一输出端口对。 所述第一负 45度极化 输出端口 Q1和第二负 45度极化输出端口 Q3对角设置,构成一输出端口对。
所述正 45度极化端口 Ml接收激励电流,通过微带线分别传输至第一正
45度极化输出端口 P1和第二正 45度极化输出端口 P3 , 通过所述第一正 45 度极化输出端口 P1和第二正 45度极化输出端口 P3向外接的馈电柱馈电。
所述负 45度极化端口 M2接收激励电流,通过微带线分别传输至第一负 45度极化输出端口 Q1和第二负 45度极化输出端口 Q3 , 通过所述第一负 45 度极化输出端口 Q1和第二负 45度极化输出端口 Q3向外接的馈电柱馈电。
如图 1所示, 所述馈电网络包括: 第一馈电子网络和第二馈电子网络。 参照图 2所示, 为本实用新型实施例所述的第一馈电子网络的物理结构 图。 如图 2所示, 所述第一馈电子网络包括: 第一巴伦(Balun, 平衡 -不平 衡转换) 器件 101、 第一微带线 102和第二微带线 103。
其中, 所述第一巴伦器件 101输入端接所述正 45度极化端口 Ml ; 所述 第一微带线 102连接在所述第一巴伦器件 101的第一输出端和所述第一正 45 度极化输出端口 P1之间; 所述第二微带线 103连接在所述第一巴伦器件 101 的第二输出端和所述第二正 45度极化输出端口 P3之间。
所述第一巴伦器件 101接收所述正 45度极化端口 Ml输入的激励电流信 号 A,输出两路幅度相等、相位相反的第一电流信号 B1和第二电流信号 B3。
所述第一巴伦器件 101分别和所述第一微带线 102和第二微带线 103呈 电连接状态。 所述第一微带线 102将所述第一巴伦器件 101输出的第一电流 信号 B1传输至所述第一正 45度极化输出端口 P1。所述第二微带线 103将所 述第一巴伦器件 101输出的第二电流信号 B3传输至所述第二正 45度极化输 出端口 P3。
所述第一微带线 102和第二微带线 103的电长度相等、特性阻抗值相等, 使得所述第一正 45度极化输出端口 P1和第二正 45度极化输出端口 P3处的 信号幅度相等、 相位相差 180度。
参照图 3所示, 为本实用新型实施例所述的第二馈电子网络的物理结构 图。 如图 3所示, 所述第二馈电子网络包括: 第二巴伦器件 105、 第三微带 线 104和第四 带线 106。
其中, 所述第二巴伦器件 105输入端接所述负 45度极化端口 M2; 所述 第三微带线 104连接在所述第二巴伦器件 105的第一输出端和所述第一负 45 度极化输出端口 Q1之间;所述第四微带线 106连接在所述第二巴伦器件 105 的第二输出端和所述第二负 45度极化输出端口 Q3之间。
所述第二巴伦器件 105接收所述负 45度极化端口 M2输入的激励电流信 号 B ,输出两路幅度相等、相位相反的第三电流信号 A1和第四电流信号 A3。
所述第二巴伦器件 105分别于所述第三微带线 104和第四微带线 106呈 电连接状态。 所述第三微带线 104将所述第二巴伦器件 105输出的第三电流 信号 A1传输至所述第一负 45度极化输出端口 Ql。 所述第四微带线 106将 所述第二巴伦器件 105输出的第四电流信号 A3传输至所述第二负 45度极化 输出端口 Q3。
所述第三微带线 104和第四微带线 106的电长度相等、特性阻抗值相等, 使得所述第一负 45度极化输出端口 Q1和第二负 45度极化输出端口 Q3处的 信号幅度相等、 相位相差 180度。
本实用新型实施例所述的馈电网络中, 在每个信号输入端口处均设置一 巴伦器件, 将该处信号输入端口输入的激励电流信号进行分路处理, 分为两 路幅度相等、 相位相反的电流信号, 并分别通过一对电长度相等、 特性阻抗 值相等的微带线传输至与该信号输入端口相对应的信号输出端口, 使得两信 号输出端口处的信号幅度相等、 相位相差 180度。
与现有的馈电网络相比, 本实用新型实施例中, 增设了两个巴伦器件, 由此可以在不增加馈电网络体积的基础上,扩展该馈电网络覆盖的频段范围, 使得该馈电网络体积较小且能够覆盖多个频段。
需要说明的是, 如图 1至图 3所示, 为本实用新型实施例提供的馈电网 络的较优的一种设计方案。 当然, 该方案仅为本实用新型的一种较优实现形 式, 在本实用新型其他实施例中, 所述馈电网络可以但不限于以图 1所示的 形式实现。
如图 1所示, 所述 PCB 10的相对介电常数 Er=2.56, 其厚度为 0.76mm。 其中, 所述第一馈电子网络的第一微带线 102和第二微带线 103构成一 水平-垂直微带线组。 具体的, 所述第一微带线 102相对于第二微带线 103呈 水平状态, 所述第二微带线 103相对于第一微带线 102呈垂直状态。 且所述 第一微带线 102和第二微带线 103的电长度相等,其特性阻抗值均为 45ohm, 其对应线宽均为 2.16mm。
所述第二馈电子网络的第三微带线 104和第四微带线 106构成一 45度斜 边微带线组。具体的, 所述第三微带线 104和第四微带线 106均呈 45度对角 线状态。 且所述第三微带线 104和第四微带线 106的电长度相等, 其特性阻 抗值均为 45ohm, 其对应线宽均为 2.16mm。
所述第一巴伦器件 101和第二巴伦器件 105可以设置为平面结构, 以减 小所述馈电网络的体积。
图 1所示馈电网络, 其体积仅为 60mm X 60mm X 0.76mm, 通过图 1所 示的馈电网络的结构设计和两个巴伦器件的使用, 可以使得该馈电网络的覆 盖频段为 1.71-2.69GHz。 由此实现了, 在馈电网络体积尽可能小的基础上, 扩展该馈电网络覆盖的频段范围, 使得该馈电网络体积较小且能够覆盖多个 频段。
参照图 4所示, 为图 1所示馈电网络的正 45度极化端口的 S 11参数曲 线图; 参照图 5所示, 为图 1所示馈电网络的正 45度极化端口和负 45度极 化端口的 S 12参数曲线图。 其中, 图 4和图 5中, 其横坐标为频率(GHz ) , 纵坐标为 S参数(dB ) 。
如图 4所示, 本实用新型实施例所述的馈电网络的正 45度极化端口的
S 11参数在整个带宽均小于 -14dB; 如图 5所示, 所述馈电网络的正 45度极 化端口和负 45度极化端口的 S12参数在整个带宽均小于 -25dB。 由此表明, 所述馈电网络在整个带宽具有超过 25dB 的极化隔离度, 表明所述馈电网络 具有良好的电路性能。
参照图 6, 为本实用新型实施例所述的电磁耦极子天线的结构图。如图 6 所示, 所述电磁耦极子天线包括如图 1所示的馈电网络 20。 所述馈电网络设 置在 PCB 30上。
所述电磁耦极子天线设置有四个馈电柱 201至 204 , 分别用于接所述馈 电网络 20的四个信号输出端口 Pl、 P3、 Q1和 Q3。 四个馈电柱 201至 204 上方为水平辐射单元 205。 所述馈电柱用于接收与之相连的各信号输出端口 输出的电信号, 向外辐射电磁波, 以及向水平辐射单元 205耦合馈电, 从而 实现天线辐射功能。
具体的, 所述电磁耦极子天线包括: 第一馈电柱 201、 第二馈电柱 202、 第三馈电柱 203、 第四馈电柱 204和水平辐射单元 205。
其中, 所述第一馈电柱 201和第二馈电柱 202对角设置; 所述第三馈电 柱 203和第四馈电柱 204对角设置;所述水平辐射单元 205在四个馈电柱 201 至 204上方。
所述第一馈电柱 201和第二馈电柱 202分别用于接所述馈电网络 20的第 一正 45度极化输出端口 P1和第二正 45度极化输出端口 P3。 所述第三金属 柱 203和第四金属柱 204分别用于接所述馈电网络 20的第一负 45度极化输 出端口 Q1和第二负 45度极化输出端口 Q3。
所述馈电网络 20的物理结构和工作原理同前述实施例所述,在此不再贅 述。
本实用新型实施例所述的电磁耦极子天线, 采用本实用新型实施例所述 的馈电网络, 在每个信号输入端口处均设置一巴伦器件, 将该处信号输入端 口输入的激励电流信号进行分路处理, 分为两路幅度相等、 相位相反的电流 信号, 并分别通过一对电长度相等、 特性阻抗值相等的微带线传输至与该信 号输入端口相对应的信号输出端口,使得两信号输出端口处的信号幅度相等、 相位相差 180度。 本实用新型实施例中, 增设了两个巴伦器件, 由此可以在不增加电磁耦 极子天线体积的基础上, 扩展该电磁耦极子天线覆盖的频段范围, 使得该电 磁耦极子天线体积较小且能够覆盖多个频段。
本实用新型上述实施例提供了一种电磁耦极子天线, 在实际应用中, 本 实用新型所述的馈电网络可以但不限于应用于电磁偶极子天线, 可以应用于 现有的这种形式的天线, 以实现在不增加天线体积的基础上, 扩展该天线覆 盖的频段范围的目的。
因此, 本实用新型实施例还可以包括一种天线, 包括如前述各实施例所 述的馈电网络。 所述双极化天线阵列馈电电路包括四个如图 1所示的馈电网络 401至 404、 正 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络 405、负 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络 406。
如图 7所示,所述正 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络 405具有四个输出端 , 完成 1分 4的功能,其每个输出端分别接各馈电网络的正 45度极化端口 Ml , 实现对每个天线的正 45度极化馈电, 使得所述正 45度极化天线阵列整体完 成 1分 8的功能。
所述负 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络 406具有四个输出端, 完成 1分 4 的功能, 其每个输出端分别接各馈电网络的负 45度极化端口 M2 , 实现对每 个天线的负 45度极化馈电, 使得所述负 45度极化天线阵列整体完成 1分 8 的功能。
由此, 图 7所示双极化天线阵列馈电电路构成了两输入十六输出的馈电 网络。
本实用新型实施例所述双极化天线阵列馈电电路, 采用本实用新型实施 例所述的馈电网络, 在每个信号输入端口处均设置一巴伦器件, 将该处信号 输入端口输入的激励电流信号进行分路处理, 分为两路幅度相等、 相位相反 的电流信号, 并分别通过一对电长度相等、 特性阻抗值相等的微带线传输至 与该信号输入端口相对应的信号输出端口, 使得两信号输出端口处的信号幅 度相等、 相位相差 180度。
本实用新型实施例中, 增设了两个巴伦器件, 由此可以在不增加双极化 天线阵列体积的基础上, 扩展该双极化天线阵列覆盖的频段范围, 使得该双 极化天线阵列体积较小且能够覆盖多个频段。
本实用新型上述实施例提供了一种双极化天线阵列馈电电路的具体实现 形式, 该双极化天线阵列馈电电路包括四个馈电网络。 在实际应用中, 本实 用新型所述的双极化天线阵列馈电电路可以但不限于包括四个馈电网络, 实 际上, 可以包括任何正整数个馈电网络。
因此, 本实用新型实施例还提供一种双极化天线阵列馈电电路, 包括 n 个如图 1所示的馈电网络, 其中, n为正整数。
以上对本实用新型所提供的一种本实用新型涉及无线通信技术领域, 特 别是涉及一种馈电网络、天线及双极化天线阵列馈电电路, 进行了详细介绍, 本文中应用了具体个例对本实用新型的原理及实施方式进行了阐述, 以上实 施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本实用新型的方法及其核心思想; 同时, 对于 本领域的一般技术人员, 依据本实用新型的思想, 在具体实施方式及应用范 围上均会有改变之处。 综上所述, 本说明书内容不应理解为对本实用新型的 限制。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1.一种馈电网络,其特征在于,所述馈电网络设置在印刷电路板 PCB上; 所述 PCB包括: 正 45度极化端口、 负 45度极化端口、 第一正 45度极化输 出端口、 第二正 45度极化输出端口、 第一负 45度极化输出端口、 及第二负 45度极化输出端口;
所述馈电网络包括: 第一馈电子网络和第二馈电子网络;
所述第一馈电子网络包括: 第一巴伦器件、 第一微带线和第二微带线; 所述第一巴伦器件的输入端接所述正 45度极化端口; 所述第一微带线 连接在所述第一巴伦器件的第一输出端和所述第一正 45度极化输出端口之 间; 所述第二微带线连接在所述第一巴伦器件的第二输出端和所述第二正 45度极化输出端口之间;
所述第一微带线和第二微带线的电长度相等、 特性阻抗值相等, 使得所 述第一正 45度极化输出端口和第二正 45度极化输出端口处的信号幅度相 等、 相位相差 180度;
所述第二馈电子网络包括: 第二巴伦器件、 第三微带线和第四微带线; 所述第二巴伦器件的输入端接所述负 45度极化端口; 所述第三微带线 连接在所述第二巴伦器件的第一输出端和所述第一负 45度极化输出端口之 间; 所述第四微带线连接在所述第二巴伦器件的第二输出端和所述第二负 45度极化输出端口之间;
所述第三微带线和第四微带线的电长度相等、 特性阻抗值相等, 使得所 述第一负 45度极化输出端口和第二负 45度极化输出端口处的信号幅度相 等、 相位相差 180度。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的馈电网络, 其特征在于, 所述第一馈电子网 络的第一微带线和第二微带线构成一水平-垂直微带线组。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的馈电网络, 其特征在于, 所述第一微带线和 第二微带线的电长度相等, 特性阻抗值为 45ohm, 对应线宽为 2.16mm。
4、 根据权利要求 1 所述的馈电网络, 其特征在于, 所述第二馈电子网 络的第三微带线和第四微带线构成一 45度斜边微带线组。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的馈电网络, 其特征在于, 所述第三微带线和 第四 带线的电长度相等, 特性阻抗值为 45ohm, 对应线宽为 2.16mm。
6、 根据权利要求 1 所述的馈电网络, 其特征在于, 所述第一巴伦器件 和第二巴伦器件设置为平面结构。
7、 一种电磁耦极子天线, 其特征在于, 所述电磁耦极子天线包括如权 利要求 1至 6任一项所述的馈电网络;
所述电磁耦极子天线还包括: 对角设置的第一馈电柱和第二馈电柱、 对 角设置的第三馈电柱和第四馈电柱、以及设置在所述馈电柱上方的水平辐射 单元;
所述第一馈电柱和第二馈电柱分别用于接所述馈电网络的第一正 45度 极化输出端口和第二正 45度极化输出端口;
所述第三馈电柱和第四馈电柱分别用于接所述馈电网络的第一负 45度 极化输出端口和第二负 45度极化输出端口。
8、 一种天线, 其特征在于, 所述天线包括如权利要求 1至 6任一项所 述的馈电网络。
9、 一种双极化天线阵列馈电电路, 其特征在于, 所述电路包括四个如 权利要求 1至 6任一项所述的馈电网络; 所述电路还包括: 正 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络和负 45度极化外部 功分馈电子网络;
所述正 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络具有四个输出端; 每个输出端分 别接各馈电网络的正 45度极化端口;
所述负 45度极化外部功分馈电子网络具有四个输出端, 每个输出端分 别接各馈电网络的负 45度极化端口。
10、 一种双极化天线阵列馈电电路, 其特征在于, 所述电路包括 n个如 权利要求 1至 6任一项所述的馈电网络; 其中, n为正整数。
PCT/CN2013/084945 2012-10-10 2013-10-10 一种馈电网络、天线及双极化天线阵列馈电电路 WO2014056439A1 (zh)

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