WO2014024862A1 - 旋削加工用工具 - Google Patents
旋削加工用工具 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014024862A1 WO2014024862A1 PCT/JP2013/071209 JP2013071209W WO2014024862A1 WO 2014024862 A1 WO2014024862 A1 WO 2014024862A1 JP 2013071209 W JP2013071209 W JP 2013071209W WO 2014024862 A1 WO2014024862 A1 WO 2014024862A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- cutting insert
- cutting
- insert
- tool body
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/10—Cutting tools with special provision for cooling
- B23B27/12—Cutting tools with special provision for cooling with a continuously-rotated circular cutting edge; Holders therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
- B23B27/16—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped
- B23B27/1614—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with plate-like cutting inserts of special shape clamped against the walls of the recess in the shank by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert
- B23B27/1622—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material with exchangeable cutting bits or cutting inserts, e.g. able to be clamped with plate-like cutting inserts of special shape clamped against the walls of the recess in the shank by a clamping member acting upon the wall of a hole in the insert characterised by having a special shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/04—Overall shape
- B23B2200/0461—Round
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/12—Side or flank surfaces
- B23B2200/128—Side or flank surfaces with one or more grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/16—Supporting or bottom surfaces
- B23B2200/161—Supporting or bottom surfaces with projections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/20—Top or side views of the cutting edge
- B23B2200/205—Top or side views of the cutting edge with cutting edge having a wave form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2200/00—Details of cutting inserts
- B23B2200/36—Other features of cutting inserts not covered by B23B2200/04 - B23B2200/32
- B23B2200/3681—Split inserts, i.e. comprising two or more sections roughly equal in size and having similar or dissimilar cutting geometries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2205/00—Fixation of cutting inserts in holders
- B23B2205/12—Seats for cutting inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2250/00—Compensating adverse effects during turning, boring or drilling
- B23B2250/12—Cooling and lubrication
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/026—Bushings, e.g. adapter sleeves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C2200/00—Details of milling cutting inserts
- B23C2200/04—Overall shape
- B23C2200/0422—Octagonal
- B23C2200/0427—Octagonal rounded
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/14—Cutters, for shaping with means to apply fluid to cutting tool
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
- Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
Definitions
- a tool body is set in a direction in which the axis of the body intersects the rotation center of the workpiece with respect to the processing machine, and a cutting insert attached to the tip of the tool body is attached to the tool body together with the tool body.
- the present invention relates to a turning tool of a machining method in which a workpiece is cut while being rotated around a center.
- ⁇ Turning tools with the above-mentioned machining methods called rotary tools and spinning tools are known.
- One of the turning tools is disclosed in, for example, the following Japanese translation of PCT publication No. 2007-504011.
- the turning tool disclosed in the same document shows two structures for attaching the cutting insert.
- One of them is to insert a collet into the hole at the tip of the tool holder (tool body), insert the protruding part of the collet from the tool holder into the mounting hole at the center of the cutting insert, and insert the protruding part into the center of the cutting insert.
- This is a structure in which the cutting insert is fixed by operating as a so-called inner diameter chuck by screwing into a collet through the mounting hole and expanding the diameter with a bolt.
- the cutting insert is prevented from rotating by fitting a protrusion provided on the bottom surface (sitting surface) into a recess provided on the seat surface at the tip of the tool holder.
- Another mounting structure is a structure in which the cutting insert is provided with a truncated conical mounting portion, and the mounting portion is inserted into a fitting bore provided at the tip of the tool body (tool holder) to fix the cutting insert. is there.
- the former tool using a collet fixes the insert hole portion with a lining, so that the insert clamping force cannot be secured sufficiently, and the insert is damaged during machining. It is easy for the collet and holder to break. In addition, the use of a collet increases the number of parts, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost.
- a truncated conical mounting portion provided on the cutting insert is press-fitted into the fitting bore at the tip of the tool body.
- the press-fitting force is too small, the cutting insert slides and cannot be processed because of the circular fitting.
- the press-fitting force is too large, a force that pushes the wall around the fitting bore acts on the tool body, and the holder may be deformed or damaged. Even if the holder itself does not break, a force tends to be generated in the direction of removing the insert in the form of a nail, and an excessive force acts on the clamp screw that holds the insert, so that the screw is easily broken or the insert is detached.
- the present invention holds the cutting insert of the above-mentioned machining method for the turning tool so that an excessive force is not applied to the tool body without using a clamping force or a collet that is disadvantageous in terms of cost. It is an object to improve the service life of the tool body by enabling the above.
- a tool body and a cutting insert attached to an insert mounting portion at the tip of the tool body are provided, and the tool body and the cutting insert are centered on the center line of the tool.
- a turning tool for machining a workpiece with a continuous cutting edge in the tool rotating direction of the cutting insert while rotating the cutting insert was configured as follows.
- the cutting insert was composed of a first part involved in cutting and a second part used for positioning. And in the said 1st site
- the second portion has a side surface formed by at least one plane parallel to the center line of the tool or forming a predetermined angle with the center line of the tool. I let you.
- the second part is connected to a region surrounded by a surface of the first part facing the insert mounting portion at the tip of the tool body, and the second part is fitted to the tool body.
- the cutting insert was positioned and detented.
- cutting edge approximating a circle means a polygon with a corner number of 8 or more, a polygon with a corner number of 8 or more as a basic shape, and a rounded corner. A shape that leads to endlessness with regular undulations, or a circular shape with a part cut away.
- a concave portion into which the second portion of the cutting insert is fitted is provided at the tip of the tool body, and the concave portion has a second constraining surface width corresponding to each side surface of the second portion. The width is narrower than the width of the side surface of the part, and the side surface of the second part is in contact with one end of the constraining surface when the second part rotates in the recess.
- a support surface that is perpendicular to the axis and formed in the circumferential direction is formed around the fitting portion of the cutting insert with the second portion of the cutting insert, and the tip of the tool body of the cutting insert is formed on the supporting surface. The surface facing the insert mounting portion is supported.
- An attachment hole for passing a clamp screw is provided at the center of the cutting insert, and a plurality of grooves extending radially outward from the inner surface of the attachment hole are provided on the rake face, and the attachment is performed using the grooves.
- a fluid flow path is formed between the clamp screw passed through the hole and the cutting insert, and a gap is provided between the tool main body and the cutting insert to communicate the flow path and the fluid passage formed in the tool main body.
- the axial dimension of the second part of the cutting insert is set to L, and the axial dimension of the first part is set in a range of 0.8L to 1.3L.
- the cutting insert includes a first part involved in cutting and a second part used for positioning, and the first part is disposed on a rake surface disposed at the tip of the tool and on the outer periphery of the tool. And a cutting edge whose axial end view shape is a circle or a circle that approximates a circle, and a surface that is received and supported by the insert mounting portion at the tip of the tool body, and the second portion has a normal cross-section perpendicular to the axis. It is polygonal and has side surfaces parallel to the center line of the tool.
- the cutting insert employed in the turning tool of the present invention has a basic corner shape in which the shape of the cutting edge viewed in the axial direction is a polygon having a corner number of 8 or more and a polygon having a corner number of 8 or more.
- a rounded shape or a circular shape in which a concave portion is partially formed can be given.
- the cutting insert is provided with a first portion that can be supported in the axial direction, and the second portion of the cutting insert is fitted to the tool body behind the tool from the first portion. Therefore, the cutting insert can be stably held without using a collet or the like. Further, in the machining method described above, since the tool rotates, a frictional force due to chips acts on the insert rake face, but since this frictional force acts in the direction of rotating the insert, the force and the support by the fitting shape are used. A more stable insert clamping state can be provided during processing.
- FIG. 11A The perspective view which shows an example of the tool for turning of this invention Sectional view of the tip side of the turning tool in FIG. Sectional view along line III-III in FIG. Plan view showing an example of cutting insert Side view of the cutting insert of FIG. Bottom view of the cutting insert of FIG. End view of the tip of the tool body
- Side view showing still another example of cutting insert The figure which shows the contact part of a cutting insert and a workpiece
- the turning tool of the present invention includes a tool body 1, a cutting insert 10, and a clamp screw 2 that fixes the cutting insert 10 to the tool body 1.
- an insert mounting portion 3 having a seat surface 4 (see FIG. 7) perpendicular to the axis (perpendicular to the axis of the tool) is provided.
- the insert mounting portion 3 has a screw hole 6 (6 a is provided as necessary) for screwing the concave screw 5 with a non-circular cross section open to the front surface of the tool body 1 and the clamp screw 2.
- a screw hole reinforcement member provided), and receives and supports the cutting insert 10 by the seat surface 4.
- the seat surface 4 is continuous in the circumferential direction, and the cutting insert 10 can be supported stably over the entire outer periphery of the clamp screw 2.
- the recess 5 has a flat constraining surface 5a.
- the recess 5 of the illustrated tool has a square-shaped basic shape and a large relief portion 7 at the corner.
- two parallel constraining surfaces 5a and 5a arranged opposite to each other form a pair, and there are two sets of constraining surfaces whose directions are changed by 90 °.
- the width w1 shown in FIG. 3 of the constraining surface 5a is preferably narrower than the width w2 of the side surface 12a of the second portion of the cutting insert 10 to be described later (the condition of w1 ⁇ w2 is satisfied).
- the preferable structure is employ
- the illustrated cutting insert 10 (refer to FIGS. 4 to 6 at the same time) includes a first portion 11 that is involved in cutting and a second portion 12 that is used for positioning, and a mounting hole 13 that penetrates through the center.
- the first part 11 is provided on the rake face 14 disposed at the tip of the tool, the flank 15 disposed on the outer periphery of the tool, the cutting edge 16 continuous in the circumferential direction, and the insert mounting portion 3 of the tool body. It has a surface 17 that is supported by the seating surface 4.
- the surface 17 is a continuous surface in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG.
- the rake face 14 is provided with a plurality of grooves 18 that extend radially from the inner surface of the mounting hole 13 toward the radially outer side as needed. The purpose of installing the groove 18 will be described later.
- the second part 12 has a base end integrally connected to the first part 11 at a position surrounded by the surface 17.
- the second portion 12 has a shape in which the cross section perpendicular to the axis corresponds to the concave portion 5 (the illustrated tool is a square), and the second portion 12 is inserted into the concave portion 5.
- the surface 17 is received and supported by the seat surface 4 at the tip of the tool body, and the clamping screw 2 passed through the mounting hole 13 is tightened to fix the cutting insert 10 to the tool body 1.
- the cutting insert 10 is such that the bottom surface (protruding end of the second portion 12) floats from the bottom of the recess 5, so that the seat surface 4 and the surface 17 are in close contact with each other and the cutting insert is supported. Made stable.
- the seat surface 4 and the surface 17 supported by the seat surface 4 have a shape that surrounds the outer periphery of the clamp screw 2 without being interrupted. For this reason, the cutting insert 10 is supported throughout the outer periphery of the clamp screw 2. In the processing method while rotating the tool described at the beginning, the processing point by the cutting edge of the insert moves on the circumference. Further, the support surface may be discontinuous in order to provide a passage for cooling the insert. However, depending on the machining load, the support may become unstable when the machining points coincide with the discontinuous points, so the cutting insert by the tool body is better when the support surface is configured to be continuous. The support balance is stable.
- the second portion 12 of the cutting insert 10 is formed so that the side surface 12a is parallel to the center line of the tool. For this reason, the second portion 12 with respect to the recess 5 provided in the tool body 1 is provided. When the is inserted, the force (pressure input) for expanding the diameter of the wall around the recess 5 is difficult to work.
- the side surface 12a has the width w2 of the surface substantially equal to the length of each side of the concave portion 5 (strictly, it is small because a fitting gap is generated). Since the escape portion 7 is formed at the apex portion of the recess 5, the preferable condition of w1 ⁇ w2 is satisfied. By making the escape portion 7 large, for example, the above condition can be satisfied even when chamfering is applied to the ridgeline in order to improve the strength on the side surface of the second part of the insert. On the other hand, for example, when trying to enlarge the escape portion 7 in a circular shape, the minimum width of the seat surface 4 may become too small, or the seat surface 4 may become discontinuous in the circumferential direction and the seating may not be stable. . Therefore, it is desirable that the escape portion 7 is not a perfect circle but has a shape slightly extending in the circumferential tangent direction as shown in FIGS.
- the rotation of the cutting insert 10 is prevented by a method of restraining the side surface 12a with the restraining surface 5a.
- a method of restraining the side surface 12a with the restraining surface 5a As shown in FIG. 3, if the width w1 of the constraining surface 5a is smaller than the width w2 of the side surface 12a, both ends in the width direction of the constraining surface 5a contact the side surface 12a and receive the cutting insert 10 that is about to rotate. It becomes a situation.
- part 12 of the cutting insert 10 formed with a high-hardness material represented by a cemented carbide alloy or a cermet is formed with the tool steel etc. of hardness lower than a cutting insert. It is prevented that the tool body 1 hits the restraining surface 5a of the main body 1, and the life of the tool main body 1 is further increased.
- the exemplary turning tool configured as described above has a tool body 1 in a direction in which the axis of the body intersects the rotation center of the workpiece W with respect to a processing machine (not shown).
- the tool body 1 and the cutting insert 10 attached to the tip of the tool body 1 are set so as to be cut into the rotating workpiece W while rotating about the tool axis.
- the axial dimension (L1 in FIG. 5) of the first part 11 was suitably in the range of 0.8L to 1.3L, where L is the axial dimension of the second part 12.
- L is the axial dimension of the second part 12.
- the axial length of the second part can be sufficiently secured, and the insert clamp can sufficiently withstand the force in the direction of bending the tool. Can be a thing.
- L1 is 0.8 L or more, the axial length of the second part does not become unnecessarily long, and as a result, the parallelism with the tool axis of the side surface 12a of the second part does not deteriorate. Therefore, the fitting gap between the insert second portion and the tool body recess can be set small. As a result, the clamp of the insert can be made more stable.
- the illustrated tool is provided with a plurality of grooves 18 that radially extend from the inner surface of the central mounting hole 13 toward the radially outer side on the rake face 14 of the cutting insert 10.
- a fluid flow path is created between the clamp screw 2 passed through the mounting hole 13 and the cutting insert 10.
- a gap 9 is provided between the tool body 1 and the cutting insert 10 to communicate the flow path and the fluid passage 8 formed in the tool body 1 between the tool body 1 and the cutting insert 10. Can be guided to flow through the cutting part.
- the groove 18 be provided at a position in phase with the outer peripheral corner portion of the second portion where the thickness in the radial direction is larger than the other portions.
- the seat surface 4 formed at the tip of the tool body 1 supports the surface 17 formed at the first portion of the cutting insert 10 and receives the axial cutting force applied to the tool.
- the axial cutting force is received by a structure in which the bottom surface of the cutting insert 10 (protruding end of the second portion 12) is abutted against the bottom surface of the recess 5, or the cutting insert by the support of the surface 17 by the seating surface 4 and the bottom surface of the recess 5
- the structure using the support of the tip of the second portion 12 can also be used.
- the distance between the surface 17 and the bottom surface of the insert needs to coincide with the depth of the concave portion of the holder body, and sufficient shape accuracy is required for both.
- the support surface and the machining point are closer to each other as shown in the illustrated tool. It is preferable to receive the axial cutting force applied to the tool only by the seat surface 4 that supports the surface 17.
- this type of machining is characterized in that the back force in the direction perpendicular to the tool axis direction tends to increase among the cutting forces.
- the back component force applied to the insert is supported by both the contact between the side surface 12a and the tool body and the clamp screw. At this time, if the side surface 12a is parallel to the center line C of the tool, this force can be received vertically, so the load on the clamp screw can be reduced, and troubles such as breakage of the clamp screw and removal of the insert can occur. There is an effect to prevent. Therefore, it is preferable to make the side surface 12a parallel to the center line C of the tool particularly under heavy machining conditions.
- the constraining surface 5a of the recess 5 provided on the tool body and the side surface 12a of the second part of the cutting insert are parallel to the center line C of the tool in FIGS.
- the surface may be inclined with a predetermined angle with respect to the center line C of the tool.
- the concave portion 5 and the second portion 12 have a non-circular fitting shape, the purpose of preventing rotation of the cutting insert can be achieved. Is a regular polygon, the cutting insert 10 can be mounted on the tool body 1 at any position where the side surface 12a of the second portion of the cutting insert faces the restraint surface 5a at any position. Further, since the restraint state is axisymmetric, a stable clamp can be obtained.
- a cutting insert having a diameter of about ⁇ 8 mm to ⁇ 30 mm is generally used, and it is considered that the cutting insert 10 employed in the tool of the present invention is of that size.
- the cutting insert 10 employed in the illustrated tool has a regular hexagonal shape as a basic shape and rounds the corners of the regular hexagonal shape. Is a circle or a polygon with 8 or more corners, a polygon with a corner number of 8 or more as a basic shape, rounded corners of the basic shape, a shape that connects endlessly with a regular cutting edge in the radial direction, Or you may provide the circular-shaped cutting blade in which the deformation
- the difference A between the radius of the circumscribed circle in the shape of the axial end view and the distance from the center of the circumscribed circle to the deformed portion 19 is 0.2 mm or greater and 0.4 mm or less.
- the amount of retraction A (see FIG. 10) in the radial direction of the cutting edge 16 in the deformation portion 19 due to the deformation portion 19 being formed in the arc of the cutting edge 16 is 0.2 mm or more and 0.4 mm. It is preferable that: By doing in this way, the thickness of the chip can be locally reduced, and the chip can be easily divided. For example, when the retraction amount A (see FIG.
- transformation part 19 may be formed so that it may be dented in the center side of the circumscribed circle of the axial direction end surface shape of the cutting blade 16, for example. Even if it does in this way, the thickness of a chip can be made small locally and it can make it easy to divide a chip. Further, as shown in FIG. 14A, the clearance angle of the portion (shaded portion) forming the flank of the deformable portion 19 may be set to be larger than the other portions.
- the deformed portion 19 has a flat flank surface and easily wears at the end portion. Therefore, it is important to increase the flank angle in order to improve wear resistance.
- the insert with a reduced clearance angle as shown in FIG. 11B has a longer contact portion between the flank and the workpiece. , The contact area increases.
- an insert with a large clearance angle as shown in FIG. 14B can reduce the contact area, and thus is less likely to be worn.
- the deformed portion 19 has a smaller depth of cut than the other portions, there is little influence on strength reduction caused by increasing the clearance angle.
- the clearance angle of the deformed portion is preferably 5 ° or more and 20 ° or less.
- transformation part 19 may be formed in two places in the axial direction end surface shape of the cutting blade 16, for example. In the example of FIG. 13, it is provided so as to face each other across the center in the axial end view shape. Even if it does in this way, the thickness of a chip can be made small locally and it can make it easy to divide a chip.
- the deformed portion 19 is preferably provided in the vicinity of the corner portion of the second portion 12 in order to ensure the rigidity of the tool.
- the cutting insert provided with these deformed portions 19 is particularly suitable for processing a material such as low carbon steel that is difficult to sever and is likely to cause problems in chip disposal.
- the machining using the turning tool as described in the present application is characterized in that the tool feed amount per work material rotation (hereinafter referred to as feed amount) can be increased. Becomes larger.
- feed amount the tool feed amount per work material rotation
- variety of a chip is also larger than the chip of a general cutting process, and the intensity
- the shape of the cutting edge of the deformed portion 19 may be a straight line, a concave shape or a convex shape when viewed in the axial direction.
- the deformed portion 19 tends to have a small clearance with respect to the processed surface at both ends, and the tendency becomes stronger particularly in the case of a concave shape, so that the wear amount tends to increase at both ends. Therefore, the deformed portion 19 is more preferably a straight R or a convex R shape having a radius of curvature larger than the radius of the cutting edge circle.
- Example 10 As shown in FIG. 10, the influence of the retraction amount A was examined in a tool including a deformed portion 19 in which a part of the cutting edge is formed on the center side of the circumscribed circle. Specifically, six types of tools 1 to 6 with different amounts of retraction A are prepared, and the maximum length of chips and the vibration (acceleration in the vicinity of the tool attachment) when carbon steel is cut using each tool. ) The average amplitude was measured. Each prototype used an insert in which a round cutting edge having a diameter of 16 mm was formed except for the deformed portion 19. In the prototypes 2 to 6, the deformed portion 19 was formed in a straight line, and the retraction amount A from the perfect circle was 0.1 mm or more and 0.5 mm or less, respectively.
- the thickness of the first part is 3.5 mm
- the thickness of the second part is 3 mm
- the square part of the second part is 9 mm per side.
- the insert is made of JIS K20 type PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) coated cemented carbide.
- Cutting evaluation uses carbon steel S25C with a diameter of 70 mm as a work material, cutting conditions are a cutting speed of 200 m / min, a feed amount is 2.0 mm / rev, a cutting depth is 1 mm, and a Wet, and the tool rotation speed is a workpiece rotation speed (909 min). -1 )).
- the larger the retraction amount A the shorter the length of the chips.
- the cutting at the same part is close to the state of intermittent cutting. It shows a tendency to increase.
- the chip length the chip is divided and shortened when the retraction amount A is 0.2 mm or more.
- the vibration rapidly increases when the retraction amount A is 0.5 mm or more. From these results, it is considered that the region where the retraction amount is 0.2 mm or more and 0.4 mm or less is excellent in balance between chip disposal and vibration and is suitable.
- the illustrated cutting insert 10 is a positive type having an acute cutting edge
- the cutting insert 10 employed in the tool of the present invention may be a negative type having a right cutting edge.
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Abstract
Description
(1)切削インサートの第2の部位が嵌合する凹部を工具本体の先端に開口して設け、その凹部は、前記第2の部位の各側面に対応させた拘束面の幅を第2の部位の側面の幅よりも狭くし、前記第2の部位が前記凹部内で回転したときに前記拘束面の片端に第2の部位の側面が接する構造となす。
(2)工具本体に、切削インサートの前記第2の部位との嵌合部の周囲に軸直角で周方向に連続した支持面を形成し、その支持面で切削インサートの前記工具本体の先端のインサート取り付け部に対向する面を支持する。
(3)前記切削インサートの中心にクランプねじを通す取付け孔を設け、さらに、前記すくい面に前記取付け孔の内面から径方向外側に向けて放射状に延びる複数の溝を設け、その溝で前記取付け孔に通されたクランプねじと切削インサートとの間に流体の流路を形成し、その流路と工具本体に形成された流体通路を連通させる隙間を前記工具本体と切削インサート間に設ける。
(4)前記切削インサートの前記第2の部位の軸方向寸法をLとして、前記第1の部位の軸方向寸法を0.8L~1.3Lの範囲に設定する。
図10のように、切れ刃の一部が外接円よりも中心側に形成されている変形部分19を備える工具において、後退量Aの影響について検討した。具体的には、後退量Aの異なる試作品1~6の6種類の工具を準備し、各工具を用いて炭素鋼を切削したときの切り屑の最大長さと工具取り付け部付近の振動(加速度)平均振幅を測定した。各試作品は変形部分19を除き、直径16mmの真円の切れ刃が形成されたインサートを使用した。また、試作品2~6は、変形部分19を直線状に形成し、真円からの後退量Aをそれぞれ0.1mm以上0.5mm以下とした。その他の構成は、図1~7と同様であり、第1部の厚みは3.5mm、第2部の厚みは3mm、第2部の正方形部は1辺9mmとなっている。また、インサートの材質はJIS K20種のPVD(Physical Vapor Deposition)コーテッド超硬合金製である。
上記試作品1~6の6種類の工具を準備し、各工具を用いて炭素鋼S25Cを切削したときの切り屑の長さと工具取り付け部付近の振動(加速度)平均振幅を測定した。
結果を表1に示す。
Claims (10)
- 工具本体と、前記工具本体の先端のインサート取り付け部に装着される切削インサートとを備え、前記工具本体と切削インサートを工具の中心線を軸にして回転させながら前記切削インサートの工具回転方向に連続した切れ刃でワークを加工する旋削加工用工具であって、
前記切削インサートは、切削に関与する第1の部位と位置決めに利用する第2の部位とからなり、
前記第1の部位は、工具の前記先端に配置されるすくい面と、工具の外周に配置される逃げ面と、軸方向端面視形状が円又は円に近似した切れ刃と、前記工具本体の先端のインサート取り付け部に対向する面を有し、
前記第2の部位は、工具の前記中心線と平行又は工具の前記中心線と所定の角度をなす少なくとも1つの平面が含まれた側面を備え、前記第2の部位が前記第1の部位の前記工具本体の先端のインサート取り付け部に対向する面に囲まれた領域に連なり、前記第2の部位を工具本体に嵌合させて切削インサートの位置決めと回り止めを行うようにした旋削加工用工具。 - 前記切削インサートの前記第2の部位が嵌合する凹部を前記工具本体の前記先端に開口して設け、前記凹部は、前記第2の部位の各側面に対応させた拘束面の幅が前記第2の部位の側面の幅よりも狭く、前記第2の部位が前記凹部内で回転したときに前記拘束面の片端に第2の部位の側面が接するようにした請求項1に記載の旋削加工用工具。
- 前記工具本体は、切削インサートの前記第2の部位との嵌合部の周囲に軸直角で周方向に連続した支持面を有し、前記支持面で切削インサートの前記工具本体の先端のインサート取り付け部に対向する面を支持するようにした請求項1または請求項2に記載の旋削加工用工具。
- 前記切削インサートがクランプねじを通す取付け孔を中心に有し、さらに、前記すくい面に前記取付け孔の内面から径方向外側に向けて放射状に延びる複数の溝を有し、前記溝によって前記取付け孔に通されたクランプねじと切削インサートとの間に流体の流路が形成され、さらに、前記流路と前記工具本体の内部に形成された流体通路を連通させる隙間が前記工具本体と切削インサートとの間に設けられた請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の旋削加工用工具。
- 前記切削インサートの前記第2の部位の軸方向寸法をLとして、前記第1の部位の前記軸方向寸法を0.8L~1.3Lの範囲に設定した請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の旋削加工用工具。
- 請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の旋削加工用工具に採用される切削インサートであって、
切削に関与する前記第1の部位と、位置決めに利用する前記第2の部位とからなり、
前記第1の部位は、工具の前記先端に配置される前記すくい面と、工具の外周に配置される前記逃げ面と、軸方向端面視形状が円又は円に近似した前記切れ刃と、前記工具本体の先端のインサート取り付け部で受け支える面を有し、
前記第2の部位は軸直角断面が正多角形で、工具の前記中心線と平行な側面を備えた切削インサート。 - 前記切れ刃の前記軸方向端面視形状を、コーナ数が8以上の多角形、コーナ数が8以上の多角形を基本形にして基本形のコーナに丸みをつけた形状のいずれかとなした請求項6に記載の切削インサート。
- 前記切れ刃の前記軸方向端面視形状では、前記軸方向端面視形状の外接円の中心からの距離が前記外接円の半径よりも短い場所に切れ刃が位置する変形部分が、少なくとも1つ形成されている、請求項6に記載の切削インサート。
- 前記軸方向端面視形状における前記変形部分は、直線状、または前記外接円の曲率半径よりも大きな曲率半径を有する円孤状に形成されている、請求項8に記載の切削インサート。
- 前記外接円の中心から前記変形部分の切れ刃までの距離と、前記外接円の曲率半径との距離の差が、0.2mm以上0.4mm以下である、請求項8または請求項9に記載の切削インサート。
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