WO2014017583A1 - リチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014017583A1 WO2014017583A1 PCT/JP2013/070159 JP2013070159W WO2014017583A1 WO 2014017583 A1 WO2014017583 A1 WO 2014017583A1 JP 2013070159 W JP2013070159 W JP 2013070159W WO 2014017583 A1 WO2014017583 A1 WO 2014017583A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/523—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron for non-aqueous cells
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
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- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/121—Organic material
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- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/126—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
- H01M50/129—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only organic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the pore volume of the positive electrode is preferably 0.005 to 0.02 cm 3 / g.
- Examples of the conductive aid for the positive electrode 10 include carbons such as carbon blacks, graphites, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCF).
- Examples of carbon blacks include acetylene black, oil furnace, and ketjen black. Among them, ketjen black is preferably used because of its excellent conductivity. It is more preferable to include one or more kinds of carbon including carbon blacks and graphites, carbon nanotubes (CNT), vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCF) and the like.
- the specific surface area of the electrode can be adjusted by the type and mixing ratio of these conductive aids.
- the mixing ratio of the conductive assistant is preferably 0.5 to 2.5% by weight with respect to the whole positive electrode.
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- VDF-HFP-based fluororubber vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene-based fluororubber
- aromatic polyamide aromatic polyamide, cellulose, styrene / butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, ethylene / propylene rubber, and the like may be used.
- thermoplastic elastomeric polymers such as styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymers, hydrogenated products thereof, styrene / ethylene / butadiene / styrene copolymers, styrene / isoprene / styrene block copolymers, and hydrogenated products thereof. May be used. Further, syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, propylene / ⁇ -olefin (2 to 12 carbon atoms) copolymer, and the like may be used.
- the specific gravity of the polymer used as the binder is preferably greater than 1.2 g / cm 3 .
- a weight average molecular weight is 700,000 or more from the point which makes an electrode density high and raises an adhesive force.
- the content of the binder contained in the positive electrode active material layer 14 is preferably 0.5 to 6% by mass based on the mass of the active material layer.
- the binder content is less than 0.5% by mass, the amount of the binder is too small and a tendency to fail to form a strong active material layer increases.
- the content rate of a binder exceeds 6 mass%, the quantity of the binder which does not contribute to an electric capacity will increase, and the tendency for it to become difficult to obtain sufficient volume energy density becomes large. In this case, particularly, when the electronic conductivity of the binder is low, the electric resistance of the active material layer is increased, and a tendency that a sufficient electric capacity cannot be obtained increases.
- the specific surface area of the electrode can be adjusted by adjusting the degree of dispersion. Specifically, the specific surface area of the electrode is obtained by mixing the active material and the conductive aid and changing the mixed state of the active material and the conductive aid by using a dry ball mill, an airflow pulverizer, a dry pulverizer, a wet pulverizer, etc. Can be adjusted.
- a slurry is prepared by adding a solvent to a mixture of an active material and a conductive additive.
- the solvent for example, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide and the like can be used.
- a kneading process called kneading can be added by adjusting the amount of the solvent to be mixed.
- the pore volume can be adjusted by adjusting the solid content concentration and kneading time during kneading. This is thought to be due to the difference in how the active material, the conductive additive and the binder are combined depending on the solid content concentration and the kneading time.
- the positive electrode current collector 12 may be a conductive plate material, and for example, a metal thin plate of aluminum, copper, or nickel foil can be used.
- the manufacturing method of the electrode which concerns on this embodiment is equipped with a slurry preparation process, an electrode application
- a raw material mixture is prepared.
- the raw material mixture is Li a (Ni x Co y Al 1-xy ) O 2 (0.95 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.05, 0.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.9, 0.05 ⁇ y ) as the positive electrode active material. ⁇ 0.2, 0.7 ⁇ x + y ⁇ 1.0), conductive assistant and binder.
- the BET specific surface area of the positive electrode active material is preferably in the range of 0.3 to 1.0. Those in this range have a high discharge capacity and excellent high rate discharge characteristics.
- the mixing ratio of the active material is preferably 93 to 98.5% by weight with respect to the whole positive electrode from the viewpoint of electrode density and rate characteristics.
- the electrode after coating and drying is rolled by a roll press. By heating the roll and softening the binder, a higher electrode density can be obtained.
- the roll temperature is preferably in the range of 100 ° C to 200 ° C.
- the specific surface area of the electrode can be adjusted by adjusting the surface roughness of the roll surface according to the pressure of the roll press, the gap between the rolls, and the temperature of the roll.
- the positive electrode 10 thus obtained is used as an electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery, high high rate discharge characteristics can be obtained.
- the negative electrode 20 includes a plate-shaped negative electrode current collector 22 and a negative electrode active material layer 2 formed on the negative electrode current collector 22. 4 is provided.
- the negative electrode current collector 22, the binder, and the conductive additive can each be the same as the positive electrode.
- a negative electrode active material is not specifically limited, A well-known negative electrode active material for batteries can be used. Examples of the negative electrode active material include graphite, non-graphitizable carbon, graphitizable carbon, and low-temperature calcined carbon that can occlude / release (intercalate / deintercalate, or dope / dedope) lithium ions.
- the electrolyte solution is contained in the positive electrode active material layer 14, the negative electrode active material layer 24, and the separator 18.
- the electrolyte solution is not particularly limited.
- an electrolyte solution containing a lithium salt electrolyte aqueous solution, electrolyte solution using an organic solvent
- the electrolyte aqueous solution is preferably an electrolyte solution (non-aqueous electrolyte solution) using an organic solvent because the electrochemical decomposition voltage is low, and the withstand voltage during charging is limited to a low level.
- a lithium salt dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent is preferably used as the electrolyte solution.
- lithium salt examples include LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiBF 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiCF 3 , CF 2 SO 3 , LiC (CF 3 SO 2 ) 3 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 , A salt such as LiN (CF 3 CF 2 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) (C 4 F 9 SO 2 ), LiN (CF 3 CF 2 CO) 2 , or LiBOB can be used.
- these salts may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the salt concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolytic solution is preferably 1.1 to 1.7 mol / L.
- a salt concentration in the above range it is considered that the lithium salt is uniformly distributed in the pores of the positive electrode and is excellent in high rate characteristics.
- the salt concentration of the lithium salt is lower than 1.1 mol / L, the overvoltage necessary for the migration of lithium ions becomes large, and in the case of a constant current, the polarization becomes larger and the high-rate discharge characteristics are inferior. it is conceivable that.
- the lithium salt concentration is higher than 1.7 mol / L, it is considered that the viscosity of the electrolytic solution increases and the lithium salt does not sufficiently penetrate into the pores of the positive electrode.
- the electrolyte solution may be a gel electrolyte obtained by adding a gelling agent in addition to liquid.
- a solid electrolyte (a solid polymer electrolyte or an electrolyte made of an ion conductive inorganic material) may be contained.
- the separator 18 is an electrically insulating porous body, for example, a single layer of a film made of polyethylene, polypropylene or polyolefin, a stretched film of a laminate or a mixture of the above resins, or a group consisting of cellulose, polyester and polypropylene. Examples thereof include a nonwoven fabric made of at least one selected constituent material.
- the metal laminate film follows the expansion and contraction of the electrode and does not inhibit the movement of lithium ions, it is presumed that the metal laminate film is excellent in high rate discharge characteristics.
- an aluminum foil can be used as the metal foil 52 and a film such as polypropylene can be used as the polymer film 54.
- the material of the outer polymer film 54 is preferably a polymer having a high melting point such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyamide, and the material of the inner polymer film 54 is preferably polyethylene or polypropylene.
- NMP N-methylpyrrolidone
- Examples 2 to 5 In the same manner as in Example 1, except that the electrode density, the electrode BET specific surface area, and the pore volume were changed by changing the electrode pressing pressure, mixing of the active material and conductive auxiliary agent, and kneading of the slurry. The evaluation cells of Examples 2 to 5 were produced.
- Example 6 to 8, 16, 17 Evaluation cells of Examples 6 to 8, 14, and 15 were produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the lithium salt concentration was changed.
- Example 12 to 15 The evaluation cells of Examples 12 and 13 were the same as in Example 2 except that the electrode BET specific surface area and pore volume were changed by changing the mixing of the active material and the conductive additive and the kneading of the slurry. Was made.
- Example 9 Example 9 except that the amount of positive electrode supported, the electrode density, the electrode BET specific surface area, and the pore volume were changed by changing the coating amount, the electrode pressing pressure, the mixing of the active material and the conductive additive, and the kneading of the slurry. Evaluation cells of Examples 9 to 11 and 16 to 19 were produced in the same manner as described above.
- the negative electrode was produced by apply
- Example 24 An evaluation cell of Example 24 was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that Li 1.03 (Ni 0.9 Co 0.07 Al 0.03 ) O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material.
- Example 25 An evaluation cell of Example 25 was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that Li 1.03 (Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 ) O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material.
- Example 26 An evaluation cell of Example 26 was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that Li 1.03 (Ni 0.7 Co 0.2 Al 0.1 ) O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material.
- Example 1 Comparison was made in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the electrode density, electrode BET specific surface area, and pore volume were changed by changing the electrode pressing pressure, mixing of the active material and conductive additive, and kneading of the slurry.
- the evaluation cells of Examples 1 to 4 were produced.
- Comparative Example 5 An evaluation cell of Comparative Example 5 was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that Li 1.03 (Ni 0.4 Co 0.55 Al 0.05 ) O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material.
- Comparative Example 6 An evaluation cell of Comparative Example 6 was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that Li 1.03 (Ni 0.95 Co 0.03 Al 0.02 ) O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material.
- Comparative Example 7 An evaluation cell of Comparative Example 7 was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that Li 1.03 (Ni 0.5 Co 0.45 Al 0.05 ) O 2 was used as the positive electrode active material.
- the rate characteristics (unit:%) of Example 1 were determined.
- the rate characteristic is the ratio of the discharge capacity at 1C when the discharge capacity at 0.1C is 100%.
- the results are shown in Table 1. Greater rate characteristics are preferable, but 75% or more was judged to be good.
- the composition of the positive electrode active material Li a (Ni x Co y Al 1-xy ) O 2 is 1.00 ⁇ a ⁇ 1.03, 0 .70 ⁇ x ⁇ 0.90 and 0.07 ⁇ y ⁇ 0.2, the electrode density is 3.75 to 4.1 g / cm 3 , and the BET specific surface area of the positive electrode is 1. It can be seen that the rate characteristic is excellent when it is 3 to 3.5 m 2 / g. From the results of Examples 6 to 8, 13, and 14, it can be seen that even better characteristics are exhibited when the salt concentration of the lithium salt is 1.1 to 1.7 mol / L. From the results of Examples 9 to 11, 15, and 16, it can be seen that particularly excellent rate characteristics are exhibited when the amount of electrode active material supported is 20 to 30 mg / cm 2 .
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Description
なお、以下、場合により、リチウムイオン二次電池を「電池」と記す。
正極、負極および電解質溶液を有し、正極は下記式(1)で表される化合物を正極活物質として用い、正極の電極密度が3.75~4.1g/cm3であり、正極の電極としてのBET比表面積が1.3~3.5m2/gであることを特徴とする。
Lia(NixCoyAl1-x-y)O2 ・・・(1)
(0.95≦a≦1.05、0.5≦x≦0.9、0.05≦y≦0.2、0.7≦x+y≦1.0である。)
本発明に係るリチウムイオン二次電池について図1を参照して簡単に説明する。
リチウムイオン二次電池はリチウムを吸蔵放出可能な正極、負極およびセパレータより構成される。正極、負極、およびセパレータはケースまたは外装体に封入されており、電解質溶液が含浸された状態で充電および放電がおこなわれる。リチウムイオン二次電池100は、主として、積層体30、積層体30を密閉した状態で収容するケース50、及び積層体30に接続された一対のリード60,62を備えている。
正極10は、図2に示すように、板状(膜状)の正極集電体12と、正極集電体12上に形成された正極活物質層14とを有している。
Lia(NixCoyAl1-x-y)O2 ・・・(1)
(0.95≦a≦1.05、0.5≦x≦0.9、0.05≦y≦0.2、0.7≦x+y≦1.0である。)
正極活物質には重量当りの容量が大きい点でLia(NixCoyAl1-x-y)O2(0.95≦a≦1.05、0.5≦x≦0.9、0.05≦y≦0.2、0.7≦x+y≦1.0)の組成で表される化合物が好適に用いられる。中でも0.70≦x≦0.90の範囲にあるものは容量とレート特性のバランスが良いためにより好ましい。
電極密度が3.75~4.1g/cm3であることにより、正極活物質および導電助剤との接触が良好になり、電子伝導性に優れ、抵抗が減少して高レート放電容量が向上したものと考えられる。
それに加えて、正極10の電極としてのBET比表面積が1.3~3.5m2/gであることにより、より電解液との親和性が高く、イオン伝導性が向上するものと考えられる。
その理由としては以下の現象が考えられる。正極10の細孔には電解液が含浸されイオン伝導性を確保する。その際に必要十分な細孔が確保されることにより優れた高レート放電特性が得られるものと考えられる。
本実施形態に係る電極の製造方法は、スラリー作製工程と、電極塗布工程、および圧延工程とを備える。
(原料混合物)
スラリー作製工程において、まず、原料混合物を準備する。原料混合物は、正極活物質としてLia(NixCoyAl1-x-y)O2(0.95≦a≦1.05、0.5≦x≦0.9、0.05≦y≦0.2、0.7≦x+y≦1.0)、導電助剤および結着剤とを含む。正極活物質のBET比表面積は0.3~1.0の範囲であることが好ましい。この範囲にあるものは放電容量が高く、高レート放電特性に優れる。活物質の混合比は電極密度とレート特性の点から正極全体に対して93~98.5重量%であることが好ましい。
混錬した後に粘度調整したスラリーはドクターブレード、スロットダイ、ノズル、グラビアロールなどの方法より適宜選択される方法によって塗布することができる。塗布の量やライン速度の調整により正極活物質として20~30mg/cm2の担持量になるように正極担時量を調整することができる。塗布の後に乾燥をおこなう。乾燥の方法は特に限定されないが、乾燥の速度により電極の細孔体積を調整することができる。
塗布、乾燥後の電極はロールプレスにより圧延をおこなう。ロールを加熱し結着剤を柔らかくすることにより、より高い電極密度を得ることができる。ロールの温度は100℃~200℃の範囲が好ましい。ロールプレスの圧力、ロール間の隙間および、ロールの温度によりまた、ロール表面の表面粗さを調整することによって電極の比表面積を調整することができる。
負極20は、板状の負極集電体22と、負極集電体22上に形成された負極活物質層2
4を備える。負極集電体22、結合材、導電助剤は、それぞれ、正極と同様のものを試用できる。また、負極活物質は特に限定されず、公知の電池用の負極活物質を使用できる。負極活物質としては、例えば、リチウムイオンを吸蔵・放出(インターカレート・デインターカレート、或いはドーピング・脱ドーピング)可能な黒鉛、難黒鉛化炭素、易黒鉛化炭素、低温度焼成炭素等の炭素材料、Al、Si、Sn等のリチウムと化合することのできる金属、SiO、SiO2、SnO2等の酸化物を主体とする非晶質の化合物、チタン酸リチウム(Li4Ti5O12)等を含む粒子が挙げられる。中でも正極からのリチウムイオンの受け入れ性が高いSiOを用いることが高レート放電特性を高めるために好ましい。
電解質溶液は、正極活物質層14、負極活物質層24、及び、セパレータ18の内部に含有させるものである。電解質溶液としては、特に限定されず、例えば、本実施形態では、リチウム塩を含む電解質溶液(電解質水溶液、有機溶媒を使用する電解質溶液)を使用することができる。ただし、電解質水溶液は電気化学的に分解電圧が低いことにより、充電時の耐用電圧が低く制限されるので、有機溶媒を使用する電解質溶液(非水電解質溶液)であることが好ましい。電解質溶液としては、リチウム塩を非水溶媒(有機溶媒)に溶解したものが好適に使用される。リチウム塩としては、例えば、LiPF6、LiClO4、LiBF4、LiAsF6、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3、CF2SO3、LiC(CF3SO2)3、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiN(CF3CF2SO2)2、LiN(CF3SO2)(C4F9SO2)、LiN(CF3CF2CO)2、LiBOB等の塩が使用できる。なお、これらの塩は1種を単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
[評価用セルの作製]
Li1.03(Ni0.85Co0.1Al0.05)O2とケッチェンブラックを混合し、ボールミルで1時間混合をおこなった。ポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)を加え、重量比がLi1.03(Ni0.85Co0.1Al0.05)O2:ケッチェンブラック:PVdF= 96:2:2となるように混合した。溶媒であるN-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)を加えてスラリーを調製した。固練りを1時間行い、その後NMPを追加して粘度を5000cPsに調整した。ドクターブレード法により集電体であるアルミニウム箔上に塗布し、100℃で10分間乾燥を行った。その後100℃に加熱したロールプレスにより線圧1t cm-1で圧延をおこない、正極を作製した。正極の活物質担持量は23mg/cm2、電極密度が2.2g/cm3となるように調整した。
電解液はエチレンカーボネート(EC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)を体積比3:7で混合し、支持塩としてLiPF6を1.5mol/Lになるよう溶解した。
積層体を入れたアルミラミネートパックに、上記電解液を注入した後、真空シールし、実施例1の評価用セルを作製した。
電極のプレス圧、活物質と導電助剤の混合、スラリーの混錬を変えることにより、電極密度、電極BET比表面積、細孔体積を変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様の方法で、実施例2~5の評価用セルを作製した。
リチウム塩濃度を変更したこと以外は実施例3と同様の方法で、実施例6~8、14、15の評価用セルを作製した。
活物質と導電助剤の混合、スラリーの混錬を変えることにより、電極BET比表面積、細孔体積を変更したこと以外は実施例2と同様の方法で、実施例12、13の評価用セルを作製した。
塗布量、電極のプレス圧、活物質と導電助剤の混合、スラリーの混錬を変えることにより、正極担持量、電極密度、電極BET比表面積、細孔体積を変更したこと以外は実施例2と同様の方法で、実施例9~11、16~19の評価用セルを作製した。
負極として酸化ケイ素とケイ素の複合体と黒鉛とを重量比で1:9となるように混合したものを負極活物質とし、負極活物質とアセチレンブラックとポリイミド樹脂のNメチルピロリドン(NMP)溶液を負極活物質:アセチレンブラック:ポリイミド樹脂=85:5:10の割合になるように混合し、スラリー状の塗料を作製した。塗料を集電体である銅箔に塗布し、乾燥、圧延することによって負極を作製した。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして実施例22の評価用セルを作製した。
負極活物質として黒鉛を用い、黒鉛とアセチレンブラックとPVdF溶液を黒鉛:アセチレンブラック:PVdF=92:2:6の割合になるように混合し、スラリー状の塗料を作製した。塗料を集電体である銅箔に塗布し、乾燥、圧延することによって負極を作製した。それ以外は実施例1と同様にして実施例23の評価用セルを作製した。
正極活物質としてLi1.03(Ni0.9Co0.07Al0.03)O2を用いたこと以外は実施例3と同様にして実施例24の評価用セルを作製した。
正極活物質としてLi1.03(Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05)O2を用いたこと以外は実施例3と同様にして実施例25の評価用セルを作製した。
正極活物質としてLi1.03(Ni0.7Co0.2Al0.1)O2を用いたこと以外は実施例3と同様にして実施例26の評価用セルを作製した。
電極のプレス圧、活物質と導電助剤の混合、スラリーの混錬を変えることにより、電極密度、電極BET比表面積、細孔体積を変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様の方法で、比較例1~4の評価用セルを作製した。
正極活物質としてLi1.03(Ni0.4Co0.55Al0.05)O2を用いたこと以外は実施例3と同様にして比較例5の評価用セルを作製した。
正極活物質としてLi1.03(Ni0.95Co0.03Al0.02)O2を用いたこと以外は実施例3と同様にして比較例6の評価用セルを作製した。
正極活物質としてLi1.03(Ni0.5Co0.45Al0.05)O2を用いたこと以外は実施例3と同様にして比較例7の評価用セルを作製した。
実施例1のレート特性(単位:%)をそれぞれ求めた。なお、レート特性とは、0.1Cでの放電容量を100%とした場合の1Cでの放電容量の比率である。結果を表1に示す。レート特性は大きいほど好ましいが、75%以上を良好なものと判断した。
Claims (5)
- 正極、負極および電解質溶液を有し、
前記正極は下記式(1)で表される化合物を正極活物質として用い、
前記正極の電極密度が3.75~4.1g/cm3であり、
前記正極の電極としてのBET比表面積が1.3~3.5m2/gであることを特徴とするリチウムイオン二次電池。
Lia(NixCoyAl1-x-y)O2 ・・・(1)
(0.95≦a≦1.05、0.5≦x≦0.9、0.05≦y≦0.2、0.7≦x+y≦1.0である。) - 前記正極の細孔体積が0.005~0.02cm3/gであることを特徴とする請求項1記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記正極の前記正極活物質の担持量が20~30mg/cm2であることを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記電解質溶液はリチウム塩を含有し、リチウム塩の塩濃度が1.1~1.7mol/Lであることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 外装体としてアルミラミネートフィルムを用いたことを特徴とする請求項1から4に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
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| JPWO2015129166A1 (ja) * | 2014-02-26 | 2017-03-30 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2017073329A (ja) * | 2015-10-09 | 2017-04-13 | 日立マクセル株式会社 | 非水電解質二次電池 |
| JP2019003814A (ja) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-01-10 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電気デバイス |
| JP2019096561A (ja) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-06-20 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
| JP2021120956A (ja) * | 2017-06-26 | 2021-08-19 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
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| KR102036038B1 (ko) * | 2016-06-08 | 2019-10-25 | 가부시키가이샤 인비젼 에이이에스씨 재팬 | 비수전해질 이차 전지 |
| KR102821821B1 (ko) * | 2019-04-30 | 2025-06-17 | 에스케이온 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 |
| KR102924554B1 (ko) * | 2021-03-26 | 2026-02-05 | 에스케이온 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지 및 리튬 이차 전지용 양극의 제조 방법 |
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