WO2014008677A1 - 光伏装置 - Google Patents

光伏装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014008677A1
WO2014008677A1 PCT/CN2012/078783 CN2012078783W WO2014008677A1 WO 2014008677 A1 WO2014008677 A1 WO 2014008677A1 CN 2012078783 W CN2012078783 W CN 2012078783W WO 2014008677 A1 WO2014008677 A1 WO 2014008677A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
encapsulation layer
light
upper substrate
photovoltaic
reflective
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/078783
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李韦杰
东冠妏
杨峻鸣
曾煌棊
李权庭
苏伟盛
胡雁程
Original Assignee
友达光电股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 友达光电股份有限公司 filed Critical 友达光电股份有限公司
Publication of WO2014008677A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014008677A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048Encapsulation of modules
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a photovoltaic device, and more particularly to a photovoltaic device with a reflecting portion.
  • Photovoltaic Devices are placed outdoors to effectively receive sunlight and convert sunlight into electricity.
  • the photovoltaic device 10 includes an upper substrate 20, a lower substrate 30, a plurality of photovoltaic cells 50, and a package structure 40.
  • the package structure 40 is sandwiched between the upper substrate 20 and the lower substrate 30, and the photovoltaic cells 50 are covered therein.
  • any two adjacent photovoltaic cells 50 are separated by a gap G, so that if a sunlight L2 penetrating the upper substrate 20 passes through the gap. G, and cannot reach a light-receiving surface 51 of any photovoltaic cell 50 by reflection, the sunlight L2 cannot be utilized and cannot be absorbed by the photovoltaic cell 50 and converted into electric energy. Therefore, this photovoltaic device 50 lacks a solution that effectively improves the conversion efficiency.
  • the invention discloses a photovoltaic device, which prevents the light from passing through the photovoltaic cell by forcing the light to reflect early, thereby reducing the opportunity for the light to be absorbed and utilized by the photovoltaic device, thereby improving the overall light-receiving efficiency of the photovoltaic device.
  • the invention discloses a photovoltaic device for increasing the utilization rate of incident light at various angles.
  • the present invention provides a photovoltaic device including an upper substrate, a lower substrate, a plurality of photovoltaic cells, and a package structure.
  • the upper substrate is light transmissive.
  • the lower substrate is parallel to the upper substrate.
  • the photovoltaic cells are spaced apart from each other between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein any two adjacent photovoltaic cells have two sides facing each other, and a gap region is defined between the sides.
  • the package structure is sandwiched between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and the photovoltaic cell is covered therein, and the package structure has a reflective portion, and the reflective portion is located in the void region for reflecting light from the upper substrate.
  • the package structure further includes a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer.
  • the first encapsulation layer is light transmissive and fully abuts one side of the upper substrate.
  • the second encapsulation layer is light reflective and is stacked on a side of the first encapsulation layer opposite to the upper substrate, and the second encapsulation layer is entirely adjacent to one side of the lower substrate.
  • the photovoltaic cells are embedded between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer, wherein the second encapsulation layer contacts a surface of the first encapsulation layer in the void region to be the reflection portion.
  • the package structure further includes a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer.
  • the first encapsulation layer is light transmissive and fully abuts one side of the upper substrate.
  • the second encapsulation layer includes a plurality of first portions and a plurality of second portions. Each of the first portions has the same area as a photovoltaic cell and is sandwiched between the photovoltaic cell and the lower substrate.
  • the second portions are light reflective and spaced apart from each other in the void regions, one side of each of the second portions abuts the first encapsulation layer and the other side abuts the lower substrate.
  • Each of the photovoltaic cells is sandwiched between the first encapsulation layer and the first portion, and the reflective portion is a surface of the second portion contacting the first encapsulation layer in the void region.
  • the package structure includes a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer.
  • the first encapsulation layer is light transmissive and fully abuts one side of the upper substrate.
  • the second encapsulation layer is light transmissive and fully abuts one side of the lower substrate, wherein the photovoltaic cell is sandwiched between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer.
  • the reflecting portion includes a plurality of reflecting films.
  • the reflective films are light reflective, located in the void regions, respectively, and connected to the two sides of the photovoltaic cell. Each of the reflective films is sandwiched between the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer.
  • the package structure includes a first encapsulation layer.
  • the first encapsulation layer is optically transparent and is adjacent between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the photovoltaic cells are embedded in the first encapsulation layer.
  • the reflecting portion includes a plurality of reflective particles. The reflective particles are light reflective and are distributed in the first encapsulation layer and in the void region.
  • the package structure includes a first encapsulation layer.
  • the first encapsulation layer is optically transparent and is adjacent between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein the photovoltaic cells are embedded in the first encapsulation layer.
  • the reflecting portion includes a filling layer.
  • the filling layer is light reflective, located in the void region, and connected to the light These sides of the volt battery.
  • the fill layer is completely filled in the void region.
  • a light reflectance of the reflecting portion is 90% to 100%, and is larger than a light reflectance of the first encapsulating layer.
  • the lower substrate has light shielding properties or light penetrability.
  • the lower substrate is light transmissive, the reflective portion is semi-reflective, and a light reflectance of the reflective portion is 50% to 90%, and is greater than a light reflectance of the first encapsulation layer.
  • the invention further provides a photovoltaic device, comprising the upper substrate, the lower substrate, the plurality of photovoltaic cells and a package structure.
  • the upper substrate is light transmissive.
  • the lower substrate is parallel to the upper substrate.
  • the photovoltaic cells are spaced apart between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein any two adjacent photovoltaic cells have two sides facing each other, and a gap region is defined between the sides.
  • the package structure is sandwiched between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, and the photovoltaic cells are covered therein.
  • the package structure includes a first encapsulation layer and a reflective portion.
  • the first encapsulation layer is light transmissive and fully abuts one side of the upper substrate.
  • the reflecting portion is located in the void region for reflecting light from the upper substrate, wherein a light reflectance of the reflecting portion is greater than a light reflectivity of the first encapsulating layer.
  • the reflective portion disposed in the photovoltaic device of the present invention enables the incident light of the photovoltaic device to be forced to reflect light early by the reflecting portion, thereby reducing the chance that the light becomes an ineffective light, thereby improving the overall photovoltaic device. Receiving power generation efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional photovoltaic device in a state of use.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a photovoltaic device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3A is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic device of the present invention taken along line A-A in the first embodiment.
  • Figure 3B is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic device of the present invention taken along the line A-A in the second embodiment.
  • 3C is a cross-sectional view along line AA of a variation of the photovoltaic device of the present invention in a third embodiment.
  • 3D is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic device of the present invention in a third variation along the line AA of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 3E is a cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the photovoltaic device of the present invention taken along the line A-A.
  • Figure 3F is a cross-sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the photovoltaic device of the present invention taken along the line A-A.
  • Figure 3G is a cross-sectional view of the fifth embodiment of the photovoltaic device of the present invention taken along line A-A.
  • Figure 3H is a cross-sectional view of the fifth embodiment of the photovoltaic device of the present invention taken along the line A-A.
  • Figure 4A is a cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment of the photovoltaic device of the present invention taken along the line A-A.
  • Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of the sixth embodiment of the photovoltaic device of the present invention taken along the line A-A.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of a photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3A is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention taken along the line A-A in the first embodiment.
  • the photovoltaic device 100 includes an upper substrate 200, a package structure 600, a plurality of photovoltaic cells 400 and a lower substrate 300.
  • the upper substrate 200 is light transmissive, for example, a light transmissive glass substrate.
  • the lower substrate 300 is parallel to the upper substrate 200, such as a light transmissive glass substrate or a light-shielding electrically insulating back sheet.
  • the package structure 600 is sandwiched between the upper substrate 200 and the lower substrate 300, and The photovoltaic cells 400 are encapsulated in a package structure 600.
  • the photovoltaic cell 400 is also called a solar cell, and the type thereof is not limited, for example, a thin film solar cell module, a monocrystalline silicon solar cell module, or a polycrystalline silicon solar cell module.
  • the photovoltaic cells 400 are spaced apart in the package structure 600 and interposed between the upper substrate 200 and the lower substrate 300.
  • the photovoltaic cells 400 are arranged, for example, in an array manner in the package structure 600 (Fig. 2), however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • Each of the photovoltaic cells 400 is substantially plate-shaped and has a front surface 401, a back surface 402 and four side surfaces 403.
  • the front surface 401 and the back surface 402 are located on the main surfaces of the photovoltaic cell 400 corresponding to each other.
  • the front side 401 is used to face the sky to receive sunlight, and is defined as "sunward side" in the present invention.
  • the sides 403 collectively surround the front side 401 and the back side 402 and abut the four sides of the front side 401 and the back side 402, respectively. It should be noted that each side 403 of the photovoltaic cell 400 is not limited to the same length or different lengths.
  • any two of the photovoltaic cells 400 have mutually facing sides 403, and the space between the two mutually facing sides 403 is defined as a void region 500.
  • the height 500h of this void region 500 is equal to the distance from the front side 401 to the back side 402 of each photovoltaic cell 400.
  • the width 500w of this void region 500 is equal to the spacing between the two mutually facing sides 403.
  • the package structure 600 has a plurality of reflecting portions 700, and the reflecting portions 700 are respectively located in the gap regions 500.
  • the reflection portion 700 in the void region 500 reflects the light L3, and the light L3 travels toward the front surface of the photovoltaic cell 400.
  • the 401 travels, whereby the light L3 eventually reaches the front side 401 of the photovoltaic cell 400, and the light source L3 is further converted into electrical energy by the photovoltaic cell 400.
  • a light reflectance of the reflective portion 700 is 90% to 100%, and is greater than a light reflectivity of the package structure 600, the light L3 can be effectively reflected back to the upper substrate 200 and the photovoltaic cell 400. In between, to increase the chance that light L3 is absorbed by the photovoltaic cell 400 into electrical energy.
  • the package structure 600 further includes a first encapsulation layer 610 and a second encapsulation layer 620 stacked on each other.
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is light transmissive, and one side thereof completely abuts one side of the upper substrate 200.
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is, for example, an encapsulating material (such as ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)) which has high water absorption property itself. Silicone (Silicone:), polyolefin copolymer Polyolefin), etc.).
  • the second encapsulation layer 620 is light reflective, and has one side connected to one side of the first encapsulation layer 610 opposite to the upper substrate 200 and the other side completely abutting one side of the lower substrate 300.
  • the second encapsulation layer 620 is, for example, an encapsulation material having high reflectivity and low transmittance (for example, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA:), silica gel (Silicone:), polyolefin-based copolymer (Polyolefin).. .Wait) .
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is transparent or at least translucent (the encapsulation material of the transparent encapsulation second encapsulation layer 620 is a package material having a brighter color (for example, white or silver, etc.), so that The encapsulating material of the first encapsulation layer 610 can have high light reflectivity, high reflectivity and low transmittance.
  • the photovoltaic cells 400 are sandwiched between the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 620. between.
  • first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 620 are connected to the two sides 403 of the two photovoltaic cells 400 facing each other in each of the gap regions 500, that is, the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second package. Layer 620 seals this void region 500.
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is first distributed over the entire surface of the upper substrate 200, and the second encapsulation layer 620 is spread over the entire surface of the lower substrate 300. Then, the photovoltaic cells 400 are located in the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second package. Finally, between the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 620, the photovoltaic cells 400 are sandwiched and embedded between the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 620. The junction of the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 620 is only located in the void region 500 between any two adjacent photovoltaic cells 400.
  • the second encapsulation layer 620 contacts the first encapsulation layer 610 in the void region 500 due to the light reflective property of the second encapsulation layer 620.
  • An interface surface 621 (that is, a change of the reflection portion 700) causes the light L3 to be reflected to the side of the upper substrate 200 on the photovoltaic cell 400. After the reflection through the upper substrate 200, the light L3 is finally reachable. The front side 401 of the photovoltaic cell 400, in turn, converts this light L3 into electrical energy.
  • a light reflectance of the interface surface 621 is 90% to 100%, and is greater than a light reflectance of the first encapsulation layer 610.
  • the designer can also change the height of the second encapsulation layer 620 contacting the interface surface 621 of the first encapsulation layer 610 in the void region 500 to be associated with such photovoltaic cells.
  • the front faces 401 of the 400 are flush, however, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 3B is a view of the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention along the second embodiment A cross-sectional view of the AA section line.
  • the package structure 601 further includes a first encapsulation layer 610 and a second encapsulation layer 630 stacked on each other.
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is light transmissive, and one side thereof completely abuts one side of the upper substrate 200.
  • the first encapsulating layer 610 is, for example, an encapsulating material which itself has high water absorbability (e.g., ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), silica gel (Silicone:), polyolefin-based copolymer (Polyolefin), etc.).
  • EVA ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer
  • Silicone silica gel
  • Polyolefin polyolefin-based copolymer
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is transparent or at least translucent (transparent:).
  • the second encapsulation layer 630 includes a plurality of first portions 631 and a plurality of second portions 632. Each of the first portions 631 has the same area as a photovoltaic cell 400 and is sandwiched between the photovoltaic cell 400 and the lower substrate 300.
  • Each of the first portions 631 can, for example, be made of the same encapsulation material as the first encapsulation layer 610 (such as ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), silica gel (Silicone), polyolefin copolymer (Polyolefin).
  • EVA ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer
  • Silicone silica gel
  • Polyolefin copolymer Polyolefin
  • the second portions 632 are light reflective and spaced apart from each other in the void regions 500. One side of each of the second portions 632 abuts the first encapsulation layer 610, and the other side abuts the lower substrate 300.
  • the second encapsulation layer 630 is, for example, an encapsulation material having high reflectivity and low transmittance (for example, ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), silica gel (Silicone:), polyolefin copolymer Polyolefm), etc. ).
  • the encapsulation material of the second portion 632 is a package material having a brighter color (for example, white or silver, etc.), so that the package material of the first encapsulation layer 610 can have higher light reflection. Properties, high reflectivity and low penetration.
  • Each of the photovoltaic cells 400 is interposed between the first encapsulation layer 610 and the first portion 631, and the reflective portion 700 is a second portion 632 that contacts an interface surface 621 of the first encapsulation layer 610 in the void region 500.
  • first encapsulation layer 610 and the second portion 632 are connected to the two side surfaces 403 of the two photovoltaic cells 400 facing each other in the gap regions 500, that is, the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second package.
  • Each second portion 632 of layer 630 seals this void region 500.
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is first spread over the entire upper substrate 200, and the second encapsulation layer 630 is spread over the entire bottom substrate 300. Then, the photovoltaic cells 400 are located in the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second package. Between the layers 630, the first portions 631 are respectively aligned with the photovoltaic cells 400, and the second portions 632 are respectively aligned with the gap regions 500 between the photovoltaic cells 400. Finally, the upper substrate 200 is pressed by pressing.
  • each photovoltaic cell 400 is sandwiched between the first encapsulation layer 610 and one of the first portions 631, the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second package.
  • the second portion 632 of layer 630 meets only within the void region 500 between any two adjacent photovoltaic cells 400.
  • the second portion 632 contacts the first encapsulation layer 610 in the void region 500 due to the light reflective property of the second portion 632.
  • An interface surface 621 (that is, a change of the reflection portion 700) causes the light L3 to be reflected to the side of the upper substrate 200 on the photovoltaic cell 400. After the reflection through the upper substrate 200, the light L3 can finally be The front side 401 of the photovoltaic cell 400 is reached, which in turn converts this light L3 into electrical energy.
  • a light reflectance of the interface surface 621 is 90% to 100%, and is greater than a light reflectance of the first encapsulation layer 610.
  • the designer can also change the height of the second portion 632 of the second encapsulation layer 630 in the void region 500 to contact the surface 621 of the first encapsulation layer 610 to be associated with such photovoltaic cells.
  • Such front faces 401 of 400 are flush, however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • 3C is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention taken along line A-A of a variation of the third embodiment.
  • the package structure 602 includes a first encapsulation layer 610 and a second encapsulation layer 640.
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is light transmissive and completely abuts one side of the upper substrate 200.
  • the first encapsulating layer 610 is, for example, an encapsulating material which itself has high water absorbability (e.g., ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), silica (Silicone), polyolefin-based copolymer (Polyolefin), etc.).
  • EVA ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer
  • Silicone silica
  • Polyolefin-based copolymer Polyolefin
  • the material of the second encapsulation layer 640 is the same as the material series of the first encapsulation layer 610.
  • the photovoltaic cell 400 is sandwiched between the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 640.
  • the reflection portion 700 includes a plurality of reflection films 710.
  • the reflective films 710 are light-reflective and are respectively located in the gap regions 500.
  • the gap regions 500 are connected to the two side surfaces 403 of the two photovoltaic cells 400 facing each other, that is, the reflective film 710 seals the gap region. 500.
  • each reflective film 710 is sandwiched between the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 640, the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 640 are not in physical contact with each other.
  • the reflective film 710 is not filled in the void region 500, meaning that the thickness 710D of the reflective film 710 is less than the height 500h of the void region 500.
  • the reflective film 710 is, for example, a coating, a plating layer or a foil layer, etc.
  • the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the reflective film 710 is, for example, a metal-based material such as aluminum, silver, nickel, titanium or steel, etc., however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the color of the reflective film 710 is white, silver, or the like, however, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the thickness of the reflective film is on the nanometer scale, and a nanoscale film is used to control destructive or constructive light interference.
  • the thickness of the reflective film is ⁇ /2, the reflectance of the reflective film is the highest.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the designer can change the thickness and refractive index of the reflective film to control the penetration reflectance to achieve the desired requirements.
  • the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention is a single-sided photovoltaic device
  • the reflective film 710 i.e., a change of the above-mentioned reflective portion 700
  • the reflective film 710 reflects the light L3 back to the side of the upper substrate 200 on the side of the photovoltaic cell 400.
  • the light L3 After the reflection of the upper substrate 200, the light L3 finally reaches the photovoltaic cell 400.
  • the front side 401 converts this light L3 into electrical energy.
  • Figure 3D is a cross-sectional view of another variation of the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention along the ⁇ - ⁇ section line of the third embodiment.
  • both the upper substrate 200 and the lower substrate 300 are light transmissive substrates, and the front surface 401 and the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400 can absorb light L3, L4 to be converted into Electrical energy.
  • the reflective film 710 also reflects the light ray L4 to the side of the lower substrate 300 facing the photovoltaic cell 400 until the light ray L4 is used by the photovoltaic cell.
  • the back side 402 of the 400 absorbs, which in turn converts this light L4 into electrical energy.
  • the light ray L3 may pass through the reflective film 710 from the first encapsulation layer 610, and when reaching the side of the lower substrate 300 facing the photovoltaic cell 400, via the lower substrate.
  • the reflection of 300, part of the light L5 of the light L3 is moved to the back side 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400, and is absorbed by the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400, which in turn is converted into electrical energy.
  • the designer can also change the height of the reflective film 710 to be flush with such front faces 401 of such photovoltaic cells 400, however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the package structure 603 includes a first encapsulation layer 610.
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is light transmissive and is adjacent between the upper substrate 200 and the lower substrate 300.
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is, for example, an encapsulation material having high water absorbability (such as ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), silica gel (Silicone:), polyolefin-based copolymer (Polyolefin), etc. ).
  • EVA ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer
  • Silicone silica gel
  • Polyolefin polyolefin-based copolymer
  • One side of the first encapsulation layer 610 is adjacent to one side of the upper substrate 200, and the opposite other side thereof is adjacent to one side of the lower substrate 300.
  • the reflective portion 700 includes a plurality of reflective particles 720 that are light reflective and are distributed in a location of the first encapsulation layer 610 corresponding to the void region 500.
  • Such photovoltaic cells 400 are embedded within the first encapsulation layer 610.
  • the reflective particles 720 are, for example, metal powder or optical brightener particles, however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the material of the metal powder is, for example, silver, gold, nickel, aluminum, tin, titanium or a combination thereof, however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the optical brightener particles are barium sulfate, titanium dioxide, silica or a combination thereof, however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the reflective particles 720 are, for example, white, silver, or the like, however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention is a single-sided photovoltaic device
  • a light ray L3 passing through the upper substrate 200 enters one of the void regions 500, due to the reflective particles 720 (i.e., a change of the reflection portion 700)
  • the reflective particles 720 reflect the light L3 to the side of the upper substrate 200 facing the photovoltaic cell 400, and are reflected by the upper substrate 200 until the light L3 finally reaches the front surface 401 of the photovoltaic cell 400. It is then converted into electrical energy.
  • Figure 3F is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of another variation of the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention in a fourth embodiment.
  • both the upper substrate 200 and the lower substrate 300 are light transmissive substrates, and the front surface 401 and the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400 can absorb light L3, L4 to be converted into Electrical energy.
  • the reflective particles 720 also reflect the light ray L4 to the side of the lower substrate 300 facing the photovoltaic cell 400, through the reflection of the lower substrate 300, until This light L4 is absorbed by the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400 and is converted into electrical energy.
  • the light reflectance of the reflecting portion 700 (such as the reflective particles 720) is, for example, 50% to 90%
  • the light is L3 may pass through the reflective portion 700 (such as the reflective particles 720) from the first encapsulation layer 610, and when the lower substrate 300 faces the side of the photovoltaic cell 400, the partial light L5 of the light L3 is shifted by the reflection of the lower substrate 300.
  • the back side 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400 it is absorbed by the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400, and is converted into electrical energy.
  • the designer may also deliberately position the reflective particles 720 flush with such front sides 401 of such photovoltaic cells 400, however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • Figure 3G is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention taken along the line A-A in the fifth embodiment.
  • the package structure 604 includes a first encapsulation layer 610 and a second encapsulation layer 650.
  • the first encapsulation layer 610 is light transmissive and completely abuts one side of the upper substrate 200.
  • the first encapsulating layer 610 is, for example, an encapsulating material which itself has high water absorbability (e.g., ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), silica (Silicone), polyolefin-based copolymer (Polyolefin), etc.).
  • EVA ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer
  • Silicone silica
  • Polyolefin-based copolymer Polyolefin
  • the material of the second encapsulation layer 650 is the same as the material series of the first encapsulation layer 610.
  • Photovoltaic cell 400 is sandwiched between first encapsulation layer 610 and second encapsulation layer 650.
  • the reflection portion 700 includes a plurality of filling layers 730.
  • the filling layers 730 are light-reflective and are respectively located in the gap regions 500.
  • the gap regions 500 are connected to the two side surfaces 403 of the two photovoltaic cells 400 facing each other, that is, the filling layer 730 seals the gap regions. 500.
  • each of the filling layers 730 is sandwiched between the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 650, the first encapsulation layer 610 and the second encapsulation layer 650 are not in physical contact with each other.
  • the fill layer 730 is completely filled within the void region 500, meaning that the volume of the fill layer 730 is the same as the volume of the void region 500.
  • the filling layer 730 is a white plastic, however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the filling layer 730 is not limited to an encapsulating material or a non-encapsulating material.
  • the thickness of the white plastic is, for example, about 50 ⁇ ⁇ ! ⁇ 200 ⁇ ⁇ white plastic, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyvinyl fluoride film Tedlar® PVF ( ⁇ 50 m).
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • Tedlar® PVF polyvinyl fluoride film Tedlar® PVF
  • the filling layer 730 i.e., a change of the above-described reflecting portion 700
  • this filling layer 730 reflects this light L3 onto The substrate 200 faces the side of the photovoltaic cell 400, and is reflected by the upper substrate 200 until the light L3 finally reaches the front surface 401 of the photovoltaic cell 400, and is converted into electrical energy.
  • Figure 3H is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of another variation of the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention in a fifth embodiment.
  • both the upper substrate 200 and the lower substrate 300 are light-transmissive glass substrates, and the front surface 401 and the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic battery 400 can absorb light L3 or L4 for conversion.
  • the filling layer 730 also reflects the light ray L4 to the side of the lower substrate 300 facing the photovoltaic cell 400, after being reflected by the lower substrate 300, until This light L4 eventually reaches the back side 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400 and is converted to electrical energy.
  • the light ray L3 may pass through the reflective portion 700 (eg, the filling layer 730) from the first encapsulation layer 610, and reach the lower substrate 300.
  • part of the light L5 of the light L3 is moved to the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400 through the reflection of the lower substrate 300, and is absorbed by the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic cell 400, thereby being converted into electrical energy.
  • the designer can also change the height of the fill layer 730 such that its surface is flush with such front sides 401 of the photovoltaic cells 400, however, the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the photovoltaic devices 400 when the photovoltaic cells 400 are arranged in an array, a portion of the photovoltaic cells 400 at the edge of the array have a side 403A (FIG. 2) that does not face the other photovoltaic cells 400.
  • the photovoltaic cell 400 defines an edge region 510 between the side 403A of the other photovoltaic cell 400 and the edge of the package structure 600. Therefore, the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention not only provides the reflection portion 700 in the gap region 500 between any two adjacent photovoltaic cells 400, but the designer can also set the reflection portion 700 in the edge region 510 according to requirements, and the reflection portion 700 is provided.
  • the photovoltaic cells 400 connecting these portions are not facing the side 403 of the other photovoltaic cells 400.
  • the gap between the mutually facing sides of the two photovoltaic cells can be referred to as the void region described above.
  • FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention taken along line A-A of a variation of the sixth embodiment.
  • the present invention is only an option and can be applied to the double-sided light receiving structure of Fig. 3D, Fig. 3F or Fig. 3H, however, the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention is a double-sided photovoltaic device
  • both the upper substrate 200 and the lower substrate 300 are light-transmissive glass substrates
  • the front surface 401 and the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic battery 400 respectively absorb light L3, L4. Convert to electrical energy.
  • FIG. 3D, FIG. 3F or FIG. 3H after the light L3 reaches the lower substrate 300, part of the light passes through the lower substrate 300, except for some light (such as the light L5) being reflected by the lower substrate 300.
  • the lower substrate 300 faces the side (ie, the inner side) of the photovoltaic cell 400, and a position corresponding to the gap region 500 may be set.
  • a reflective coating 301 (such as a film) controls the desired penetration reflectivity by adjusting the thickness and refractive index of the reflective coating 301.
  • the reflective coating 301 may have the same length as the void region 500. In other words, the reflective coating 301 is located in a region where the void region 500 is vertically projected to the inner side of the lower substrate 300.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the length of the reflective coating layer may also be different from the length of the void region.
  • the designer may also select a reflective portion 700 (such as the fill layer 730) of suitable light reflectivity such that the light reflectance of the reflective portion 700 (eg, the fill layer 730) may be lowered, Set moderately or too high (eg, 10%, 50%, or 90%) to evenly or adjust the intensity of light L3 passing through fill layer 730 or reflecting from fill layer 730.
  • a reflective portion 700 such as the fill layer 730
  • Set moderately or too high eg, 10%, 50%, or 90%
  • Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view along line A-A of another variation of the photovoltaic device 100 of the present invention.
  • the sixth embodiment can be applied to the double-sided light receiving structure of Fig. 3D, Fig. 3F or Fig. 3H.
  • both the upper substrate 200 and the lower substrate 300 are light-transmissive glass substrates, and the front surface 401 and the back surface 402 of the photovoltaic battery 400 respectively absorb light L3, L4. Convert to electrical energy.
  • the lower substrate 300 faces away from the side (ie, the outer side) of the photovoltaic cell 400, and the position corresponding to the void region 500 can be set.
  • a reflective coating 302 (such as a film) by adjusting the thickness and refractive index of the reflective coating 302 Control the required penetration reflectivity.
  • the battery 400 faces the side of the lower substrate 300, and further enhances the effect of light being converted into electrical energy.
  • the reflective coating 302 may have the same length as the void region 500. In other words, the reflective coating 302 is located in a region where the void region 500 is vertically projected to the inner side of the lower substrate 300. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the length of the reflective coating 302 may also be different from the length of the void region 500.
  • the designer may also select a reflective portion 700 (such as the fill layer 730) of suitable light reflectivity such that the light reflectance of the reflective portion 700 (eg, the fill layer 730) may be lowered, Set moderately or too high (eg, 10%, 50%, or 90%) to evenly or adjust the intensity of light L3 passing through fill layer 730 or reflecting from fill layer 730.
  • a reflective portion 700 such as the fill layer 730
  • Set moderately or too high eg, 10%, 50%, or 90%
  • the incident light of the photovoltaic device can be forced to reflect part of the light early by the reflecting portion, thereby reducing the chance that the light becomes ineffective light, thereby improving the overall light-receiving power of the photovoltaic device. effectiveness.

Abstract

一种光伏装置(10)包含一上基板(20)、一下基板(30)、多个光伏电池(50)与一封装结构(40)。该上基板(20)具光穿透性。该下基板(30)平行于该上基板(20)。该多个光伏电池(50)彼此间隔地平放于该上基板(20)与下基板(30)之间,其中任二相邻光伏电池(50)具有彼此相互面对的侧面,这些侧面之间定义出一空隙区。该封装结构(40)夹设于该上基板(20)与该下基板(30)之间,且包覆光伏电池(50)于其中,且该封装结构(40)内具有一反射部,反射部位于空隙区内,用以反射来自该上基板(20)的光线。

Description

光伏装置 技术领域
本发明有关于一种光伏装置, 特别有关于一种具反射部的光伏装置。 背景技术
一般来说, 光伏装置 (Photovoltaic Device) 设置于户外, 以便有效地接 受太阳光的照射, 进而将太阳光转换为电能。
图 1为传统光伏装置于一使用状态下的剖视图。 光伏装置 10包含一上基 板 20、 一下基板 30、 多个光伏电池 50与一封装结构 40。 封装结构 40夹设于 上基板 20与下基板 30之间, 且使此些光伏电池 50包覆于其中。 如此, 当一 穿透上基板 20的太阳光 L1到达其中一光伏电池 50的一受光面 51时,此光伏 电池 50便可有效地将太阳光 L1转换为电能。
然而, 由于此些光伏电池 50间隔地设置于封装结构内 40, 使得任二相邻 光伏电池 50之间相隔有一间隙 G, 如此, 若一穿透上基板 20的太阳光 L2恰 好穿过此间隙 G, 且无法因反射而到达任一光伏电池 50的一受光面 51时, 此 太阳光 L2便无法被利用, 无法被光伏电池 50吸收并转换为电能。故, 此光伏 装置 50缺乏有效提升转换效率的解决办法。
由此可见,上述现有的光伏装置显然仍存在无法达到有效利用入射光线的 缺陷, 而有进一歩改良以提升转换效率的空间。 因此, 如何能有效地解决上述 不便与缺陷, 实属当前重要研发课题之一,亦成为当前相关领域亟需改进的目 标。 发明内容
本发明揭露一种光伏装置, 藉由强制光线提早反射,避免光线穿过光伏电 池, 降低光线无法被光伏装置吸收利用的机会,进而提高光伏装置整体的收光 发电效率。
本发明揭露一种光伏装置, 用以增加各种不同角度入射光的利用率。
本发明依据一实施方式提供一种光伏装置, 此光伏装置包含一上基板、一 下基板、多个光伏电池与一封装结构。上基板具光穿透性。下基板平行上基板。 此些光伏电池彼此间隔地平放于上基板与下基板之间,其中任二相邻光伏电池 彼此具有相互面对的二侧面, 此些侧面之间定义出一空隙区。封装结构夹设于 上基板与下基板之间, 且包覆光伏电池于其中, 且封装结构内具有一反射部, 反射部位于空隙区内, 用以反射来自上基板的光线。
依据一第一实施例, 此封装结构更包含一第一封装层与一第二封装层。第 一封装层具光穿透性, 全面地邻接上基板的一侧。第二封装层具光反射性, 且 迭设于第一封装层背对上基板的一侧, 且第二封装层全面地邻接下基板的一 侧。此些光伏电池被埋设于第一封装层与第二封装层之间, 其中第二封装层于 空隙区内接触第一封装层的一表面即为上述的反射部。
依据一第二实施例, 此封装结构更包含一第一封装层与一第二封装层。第 一封装层具光穿透性, 全面地邻接上基板的一侧。第二封装层包含多个第一部 份与多个第二部份。各第一部份与一光伏电池具相同面积, 夹合于光伏电池与 下基板之间。此些第二部份具光反射性, 彼此间隔地位于此些空隙区内, 各第 二部份的一侧邻接第一封装层, 其另侧邻接该下基板。其中各光伏电池被夹设 于第一封装层与第一部份之间,且反射部为该第二部份于空隙区内接触第一封 装层的一表面。
本发明的一第三实施例中, 封装结构包含一第一封装层与一第二封装层。 第一封装层具光穿透性, 全面地邻接上基板的一侧。 第二封装层具光穿透性, 全面地邻接下基板的一侧,其中光伏电池被夹合于第一封装层与第二封装层之 间。
反射部包含多个反射膜。此些反射膜具光反射性,分别位于此些空隙区内, 且连接光伏电池的此二侧面。 各反射膜被夹合于第一封装层与第二封装层之 间。
本发明的一第四实施例中,封装结构包含一第一封装层。第一封装层具光 穿透性,邻接于上基板与下基板之间, 其中此些光伏电池被埋设于第一封装层 内。 反射部包含多个反射颗粒。此些反射颗粒具光反射性, 分布于第一封装层 以及空隙区内。
本发明的一第五实施例中,封装结构包含一第一封装层。第一封装层具光 穿透性,邻接于上基板与下基板之间, 其中此些光伏电池被埋设于该第一封装 层内。 反射部包含一填充层。 填充层具光反射性, 位于空隙区内, 且连接些光 伏电池的此些侧面。
此实施例的一变化中, 填充层完全填满于空隙区内。
上述实施例中, 反射部的一光反射率为 90 %〜100 %, 且大于第一封装层 的一光反射率。
上述实施例中, 下基板具光遮蔽性或光穿透性。
下基板具光穿透性, 反射部具半反射性, 反射部的一光反射率为 50 %〜 90 % , 且大于该第一封装层的一光反射率。
本发明另提供一种光伏装置, 包含此光伏装置包含一上基板、 一下基板、 多个光伏电池与一封装结构。上基板具光穿透性。下基板平行上基板。此些光 伏电池间隔地平放于上基板与下基板之间,其中任二相邻光伏电池彼此具有相 互面对的二侧面, 此些侧面之间定义出一空隙区。封装结构夹设于上基板与下 基板之间, 且包覆此些光伏电池于其中。封装结构包含一第一封装层及一反射 部。第一封装层具光穿透性,全面地邻接上基板的一侧。反射部位于空隙区内, 用以反射来自上基板的光线,其中反射部的一光反射率大于第一封装层的一光 反射率。
综上所述, 藉由本发明光伏装置内所设置的反射部, 使得光伏装置的入射 光可藉由反射部强制光线提早反射的特性, 降低光线成为无效光线的机会,进 而提高此光伏装置整体的收光发电效率。
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述,但不作为对本发明的 限定。 附图说明
为让本发明的上述和其它目的、特征、 优点与实施例能更明显易懂, 所附 图式的详细说明如下:
图 1为传统光伏装置于一使用状态下的剖视图。
图 2为本发明光伏装置的上视图。
图 3A为本发明光伏装置于第一实施例中沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
图 3B为本发明光伏装置于第二实施例中沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
图 3C为本发明光伏装置于第三实施例的一变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视 图。 图 3D为本发明光伏装置于第三实施例的另 变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视 图。
图 3E为本发明光伏装置于第四实施例的 变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视 图。
图 3F为本发明光伏装置于第四实施例的另 变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视 图。
图 3G为本发明光伏装置于第五实施例的 变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视 图。
图 3H为本发明光伏装置于第五实施例的另 变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视 图。
图 4A为本发明光伏装置于第六实施例的 变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视 图。
图 4B为本发明光伏装置于第六实施例的另 变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视 图。
其中, 附图标记:
10: 光伏装置
20: 上基板
30: 下基板
40: 封装结构
50: 光伏电池
51: 受光面
Ll、 L2: 太阳光
G: 间隙
100: 光伏装置
200: 上基板
300: 下基板
301、 302: 反射涂层
400: 光伏电池
401: 正面
402: 背面 403: 侧面
500: 空隙区
500h: 高度
500w: 宽度
510: 边缘区
600〜604: 封装结构
610: 第一封装层
620: 第二封装层
621: 交界表面
630: 第二封装层
631: 第一部份
632: 第二部份
640: 第二封装层
650: 第二封装层
700: 反射部
710: 反射膜
710D: 反射膜的厚度
720: 反射颗粒
730: 填充层
L3〜L5: 光线
A-A: 剖面线 具体实施方式
请参阅图 2、 图 3A所示。 图 2为本发明光伏装置 100的上视图。 图 3A 为本发明光伏装置 100于第一实施例中沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
由侧面观的 (如图 3A) , 此光伏装置 100包含一上基板 200、 一封装结 构 600、 多个光伏电池 400与一下基板 300。
上基板 200 具光穿透性, 例如为一具光穿透性的玻璃基板。 下基板 300 平行上基板 200, 例如为一具光穿透性的玻璃基板或一具光遮蔽性的电绝缘背 板 (back sheet) 。 封装结构 600夹设于上基板 200与下基板 300之间, 并将 此些光伏电池 400包覆于封装结构 600中。
光伏电池 400又称太阳能电池,其种类不限,例如为薄膜太阳能电池模块、 单晶硅太阳能电池模块或多晶硅太阳能电池模块等等。
此些光伏电池 400间隔地平放于封装结构 600内,且介于上基板 200与下 基板 300之间。此实施例中, 此些光伏电池 400例如以数组方式排列于封装结 构 600内 (如图 2) , 然而, 本发明不限于此。
每一光伏电池 400大致呈板状, 具有一正面 401、 一背面 402与四个侧面 403, 正面 401 与背面 402彼此相对应地位于光伏电池 400 的两主面 (main surface) 。 正面 401用以面向天际以便接收太阳光, 于本发明中定义为 「向阳 面」 。 此些侧面 403共同围绕正面 401与背面 402, 并分别邻接正面 401与背 面 402的四边。需知道的是, 光伏电池 400的各侧面 403不限系同长度或不同 长短。
由于此些光伏电池 400间隔地设置,此些光伏电池 400中任二相邻者彼此 具有相互面对的侧面 403, 此二相互面对的侧面 403之间的空间被定义为一空 隙区 500。 此空隙区 500的高度 500h等于各光伏电池 400的正面 401至背面 402的距离。 此空隙区 500的宽度 500w等于此二相互面对的侧面 403之间的 间距。 封装结构 600内具有多个反射部 700, 此些反射部 700分别各自位于此 些空隙区 500内。
如此一来,例如当光线 L3穿过上基板 200并抵达其中一个空隙区 500时, 此空隙区 500内的反射部 700会反射光线 L3 , 使光线 L3行进路线转向, 并朝 向光伏电池 400的正面 401行进, 藉此光线 L3最终可到达光伏电池 400的正 面 401, 并藉由光伏电池 400进而将光线 L3转换为电能。
需了解到, 由于反射部 700的一光反射率为 90 %〜100 %, 且大于封装结 构 600的一光反射率, 故, 上述光线 L3可有效地被反射回上基板 200与光伏 电池 400之间, 以提高光线 L3被光伏电池 400吸收转换为电能的机会。
以下将根据上述描述揭露出数个实施例以进一歩阐明此些不同的细节。 复请参阅图 2、 图 3A所示。 本发明的第一实施例中, 具体而言, 此封装 结构 600更包含相互层迭的一第一封装层 610与一第二封装层 620。第一封装 层 610具光穿透性, 其一侧全面地邻接上基板 200 的一侧。 第一封装层 610 例如为本身具有高吸水性的封装材料 (如乙烯 /醋酸乙烯酯共聚物 (EVA) 、 硅胶 (Silicone:)、 聚烯烃类共聚物Polyolefin)...等) 。 第二封装层 620具光反射 性, 其一侧连接第一封装层 610背对上基板 200的一侧, 且另侧全面地邻接下 基板 300的一侧。第二封装层 620例如为本身具有高反射率以及低穿透率的封 装材料(例如乙烯 /醋酸乙烯酯共聚物 (EVA:)、 硅胶 (Silicone:)、 聚烯烃类共聚物 (Polyolefin)...等) 。 第一实施例中, 第一封装层 610 为透明或至少半透明 (可 透光 第二封装层 620的此封装材料为具较亮色系 (例如白色或银色等) 的 此封装材料, 以致相较于第一封装层 610的此封装材料, 可具较高光反射性、 高反射率以及低穿透率的特性。 此些光伏电池 400 被夹设于第一封装层 610 与第二封装层 620之间。
需强调的是,第一封装层 610与第二封装层 620于每一空隙区 500中皆连 接此二光伏电池 400彼此相互面对的二侧面 403, 意即第一封装层 610与第二 封装层 620密封此空隙区 500。
制作时, 首先将第一封装层 610遍布于上基板 200的全面、将第二封装层 620遍布于下基板 300的全面;接着,将此些光伏电池 400位于第一封装层 610 与第二封装层 620之间; 最后藉由压合上基板 200与下基板 300, 使得此些光 伏电池 400—同被夹合并埋设于该第一封装层 610与该第二封装层 620之间, 此时,该第一封装层 610与该第二封装层 620的相接处仅位于任二相邻的光伏 电池 400间的空隙区 500内。
如此, 当光线 L3穿过上基板 200而进入其中一空隙区 500时, 由于第二 封装层 620本身具光反射性的特性,第二封装层 620于空隙区 500内接触第一 封装层 610的一交界表面 621 (即为上述反射部 700的一种变化)便使此光线 L3反射至上基板 200面对此些光伏电池 400的一侧, 经由上基板 200的反射 后, 此光线 L3最终可到达光伏电池 400的正面 401, 进而将此光线 L3转换为 电能。
此实施例中, 上述交界表面 621的一光反射率为 90 %〜100 %, 且大于第 一封装层 610的一光反射率。
此外, 此实施例的其它变化中, 设计人员也可改变第二封装层 620于空隙 区 500内接触第一封装层 610的交界表面 621 的高度, 使其与此些光伏电池
400的此些正面 401齐平, 然而, 本发明不仅限于此。
请参阅图 2、图 3B所示。图 3B为本发明光伏装置 100于第二实施例中沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
本发明的第二实施例中, 具体而言, 此封装结构 601更包含相互层迭的一 第一封装层 610与一第二封装层 630。 第一封装层 610具光穿透性, 其一侧全 面地邻接上基板 200的一侧。第一封装层 610例如为本身具有高吸水性的封装 材料 (如乙烯 /醋酸乙烯酯共聚物 (EVA) 、 硅胶 (Silicone:)、 聚烯烃类共聚物 (Polyolefin)…等) 。
此实施例中, 第一封装层 610为透明或至少半透明 (可透光:)。 第二封装层 630包含多个第一部份 631与多个第二部份 632。 各第一部份 631与一光伏电 池 400具相同面积, 被夹合于光伏电池 400与下基板 300之间。 各第一部份 631例如可采与第一封装层 610穿透度相同的封装材料(如乙烯 /醋酸乙烯酯共 聚物 (EVA) 、 硅胶 (Silicone)、 聚烯烃类共聚物 (Polyolefin)...等) , 或穿透度 不同的相同封装材料 (如乙烯 /醋酸乙烯酯共聚物 (EVA) 、 硅胶 (Silicone:)、 聚烯烃类共聚物Polyolefm;)...等) 。 此些第二部份 632具光反射性, 彼此间隔 地位于此些空隙区 500内, 各第二部份 632的一侧邻接第一封装层 610, 其另 侧邻接该下基板 300。第二封装层 630例如为本身具有高反射率以及低穿透率 的封装材料 (例如乙烯 /醋酸乙烯酯共聚物 (EVA) 、 硅胶 (Silicone:)、 聚烯烃 类共聚物Polyolefm)...等) 。 此实施例中, 此些第二部份 632的封装材料为具 较亮色系 (例如白色或银色等) 的此封装材料, 以致相较于第一封装层 610 的封装材料, 可具较高光反射性、 高反射率以及低穿透率的特性。
其中各光伏电池 400被夹设于第一封装层 610与第一部份 631之间,且反 射部 700为第二部份 632于空隙区 500内接触第一封装层 610的一交界表面 621。
需强调的是,第一封装层 610与第二部份 632于此些空隙区 500中皆连接 此二光伏电池 400彼此相互面对的二侧面 403, 意即第一封装层 610与第二封 装层 630的每一第二部份 632密封此空隙区 500。
制作时, 首先将第一封装层 610遍布于上基板 200的全面、将第二封装层 630遍布于下基板 300的全面;接着,将此些光伏电池 400位于第一封装层 610 与第二封装层 630之间, 其中此些第一部份 631分别对齐此些光伏电池 400, 此些第二部份 632分别对齐此些光伏电池 400之间的空隙区 500; 最后藉由压 合上基板 200与下基板 300, 使得此些光伏电池 400—同被夹合并埋设于该第 一封装层 610与该第二封装层 630之间, 此时, 各光伏电池 400被夹合于第一 封装层 610与其中一第一部份 631之间、 第一封装层 610与第二封装层 630 的第二部份 632相接处仅位于任二相邻的光伏电池 400间的空隙区 500内。
如此, 当一个穿过上基板 200的光线 L3进入其中一空隙区 500时, 由于 第二部份 632本身具光反射性的特性,第二部份 632于空隙区 500内接触第一 封装层 610的一交界表面 621 (即为上述反射部 700的一种变化)便使此光线 L3反射至上基板 200面对此些光伏电池 400的一侧, 经由上基板 200的反射 后, 此光线 L3最终可到达光伏电池 400的正面 401, 进而将此光线 L3转换为 电能。
此实施例中, 上述交界表面 621的一光反射率为 90 %〜100 %, 且大于第 一封装层 610的一光反射率。
此外, 此实施例的其它变化中, 设计人员也可改变第二封装层 630的第二 部份 632于空隙区 500内接触第一封装层 610的表面 621的高度,使其与此些 光伏电池 400的此些正面 401齐平, 然而, 本发明不仅限于此。
请参阅图 2、图 3C所示。图 3C为本发明光伏装置 100于第三实施例的一 变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
此第三实施例中, 具体而言,封装结构 602包含一第一封装层 610与一第 二封装层 640。 第一封装层 610具光穿透性, 全面地邻接上基板 200的一侧。 第一封装层 610例如为本身具有高吸水性的封装材料 (如乙烯 /醋酸乙烯酯共 聚物 (EVA) 、 硅胶 (Silicone)、 聚烯烃类共聚物 (Polyolefin)...等) 。 第二封装 层 640具光穿透性, 全面地邻接下基板 300的一侧。第二封装层 640的材料与 第一封装层 610的材料系列相同。光伏电池 400被夹合于第一封装层 610与第 二封装层 640之间。 反射部 700包含多个反射膜 710。 此些反射膜 710具光反 射性, 分别位于此些空隙区 500内, 于此空隙区 500中连接此二光伏电池 400 彼此相互面对的二侧面 403, 意即此反射膜 710密封此空隙区 500。 此外, 由 于各反射膜 710被夹合于第一封装层 610与第二封装层 640之间, 故, 第一封 装层 610与第二封装层 640彼此不实体接触。
此实施例的一变化中, 反射膜 710未填满于空隙区 500 内, 意即反射膜 710的厚度 710D小于空隙区 500的高度 500h。
此实施例的一变化中, 反射膜 710例如为一涂层、 一镀层或一箔层等, 然 而, 本发明不限于此。
此实施例的另一变化中,反射膜 710例如为金属类材料,例如铝、银、镍、 钛或钢等, 然而, 本发明不限于此。
此实施例的又一变化中, 反射膜 710的颜色为白色、 银色等, 然而, 本发 明不限于此。
此外, 此反射膜的厚度为奈米尺度, 利用奈米尺度的薄膜来控制破坏性或 建设性的光干涉。 当此反射膜的厚度为 λ /2时, 此反射膜的反射率为最高。然 而, 本发明不限于此, 设计人员可改变此反射膜的厚度与折射率而控制穿透反 射率以达到所需的要求。
如此, 当本发明光伏装置 100 为单面光伏装置时, 一个穿过上基板 200 的光线 L3进入其中一空隙区 500时, 由于此反射膜 710 (即为上述反射部 700 的一种变化) 本身具光反射性的特性, 此反射膜 710便使此光线 L3反射回到 上基板 200面对此些光伏电池 400的一侧, 经由上基板 200的反射后, 此光线 L3最终可到达光伏电池 400的正面 401, 进而将此光线 L3转换为电能。
反观, 请参阅图 3D所示。 图 3D为本发明光伏装置 100于第三实施例的 另一变化沿 Α-Α剖面线的一剖视图。
当本发明光伏装置 100为双面光伏装置时, 上基板 200、 下基板 300皆为 具光穿透性的基板,且光伏电池 400的正面 401与背面 402都可吸收光线 L3、 L4以转换为电能。如此, 当一个穿过下基板 300的光线 L4进入其中一空隙区 500时, 此反射膜 710也会使此光线 L4反射至下基板 300面向光伏电池 400 的一侧, 直到此光线 L4被光伏电池 400的背面 402吸收, 进而将此光线 L4 转换为电能。
若反射膜 710的光反射率例如为 50 %〜90 %时,光线 L3可自第一封装层 610穿过反射膜 710, 并于到达下基板 300面向光伏电池 400的一侧时, 经由 下基板 300的反射, 光线 L3的部份光线 L5移至光伏电池 400的背面 402, 而 被光伏电池 400的背面 402吸收, 进而被转换为电能。
此外, 此实施例的其它变化中, 设计人员也可改变反射膜 710的高度, 使 其与此些光伏电池 400的此些正面 401齐平, 然而, 本发明不仅限于此。
请参阅图 2、 图 3E所示。 图 3E为本发明光伏装置 100于第四实施例的一 变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。 此第四实施例中, 封装结构 603包含一第一封装层 610。 第一封装层 610 具光穿透性, 邻接于上基板 200与下基板 300之间。
具体而言, 第一封装层 610例如为本身具有高吸水性的封装材料(如乙烯 /醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)、硅胶 (Silicone:)、聚烯烃类共聚物 (Polyolefin)...等)。 第一封装层 610的一侧邻接于上基板 200的一侧,其相对的另侧邻接于下基板 300的一侧。 反射部 700包含多个反射颗粒 720, 此些反射颗粒 720具光反射 性, 分布于第一封装层 610对应空隙区 500的位置内。此些光伏电池 400被埋 设于第一封装层 610内。
举例而言, 此实施例的一变化中, 此些反射颗粒 720例如为金属粉末或光 学增白剂粒子, 然而, 本发明不限于此。
此实施例的另一变化中, 金属粉末的材质例如为银、 金、 镍、 铝、 锡、 钛 或其组合, 然而, 本发明不限于此。
此实施例的又一变化中, 光学增白剂粒子为硫酸钡、 二氧化钛、 二氧化硅 或其综合的成分, 然而, 本发明不限于此。
此实施例的再一变化中, 此些反射颗粒 720例如为白色、 银色等, 然而, 本发明不限于此。
如此, 当本发明光伏装置 100 为单面光伏装置时, 一个穿过上基板 200 的光线 L3进入其中一空隙区 500时, 由于此些反射颗粒 720 (即为上述反射 部 700 的一种变化) 本身具光反射性的特性, 此些反射颗粒 720便使此光线 L3反射至上基板 200面向光伏电池 400的一侧, 经由上基板 200的反射, 直 到此光线 L3最终到达光伏电池 400的正面 401, 进而被转换为电能。
反观,请参阅图 3F所示。图 3F为本发明光伏装置 100于第四实施例的另 一变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
当本发明光伏装置 100为双面光伏装置时, 上基板 200、 下基板 300皆为 具光穿透性的基板,且光伏电池 400的正面 401与背面 402都可吸收光线 L3、 L4以转换为电能。如此,当一个穿过下基板 300的光线 L4进入空隙区 500时, 此些反射颗粒 720也会使此光线 L4反射至下基板 300面向光伏电池 400的一 侧,经由下基板 300的反射,直到此光线 L4被光伏电池 400的背面 402吸收, 进而被转换为电能。
若反射部 700 (如反射颗粒 720) 的光反射率例如为 50 %〜90 %时, 光线 L3可自第一封装层 610穿过反射部 700 (如反射颗粒 720 ) , 且于到达下基板 300面向光伏电池 400的一侧时, 经由下基板 300的反射, 光线 L3的部份光 线 L5移至光伏电池 400的背面 402, 而被光伏电池 400的背面 402吸收, 进 而被转换为电能
此外, 此实施例的其它变化中, 设计人员也可刻意使反射颗粒 720的位置 与此些光伏电池 400的此些正面 401齐平, 然而, 本发明不仅限于此。
请参阅图 2、 图 3G所示。 图 3G为本发明光伏装置 100于第五实施例中 沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
第五实施例中, 具体而言, 封装结构 604包含相迭设的一第一封装层 610 与一第二封装层 650。 第一封装层 610具光穿透性, 全面地邻接上基板 200的 一侧。 第一封装层 610例如为本身具有高吸水性的封装材料 (如乙烯 /醋酸乙 烯酯共聚物 (EVA) 、 硅胶 (Silicone)、 聚烯烃类共聚物 (Polyolefin)...等) 。 第 二封装层 650具光穿透性, 全面地邻接下基板 300 的一侧。 第二封装层 650 的材料与第一封装层 610的材料系列相同。光伏电池 400被夹合于第一封装层 610与第二封装层 650之间。反射部 700包含多个填充层 730。此些填充层 730 具光反射性, 分别位于此些空隙区 500内, 于此空隙区 500中连接此二光伏电 池 400彼此相互面对的二侧面 403, 意即此填充层 730密封此空隙区 500。 此 夕卜, 由于各填充层 730被夹合于第一封装层 610与第二封装层 650之间, 故, 第一封装层 610与第二封装层 650彼此不实体接触。
举例而言, 此实施例的一变化中, 填充层 730完全填满于空隙区 500内, 意即填充层 730的体积与空隙区 500的体积相同。
此实施例的另一变化中, 填充层 730为一白色塑料, 然而, 本发明不限于 此。
此实施例的又一变化中, 填充层 730不限为封装材料或非封装材料。
此实施例的又一变化中, 白色塑料的厚度例如约 50 μ π!〜 200 μ πι的白色 塑料, 其材料例如为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(Polyethylene terephthalate, PET) 或聚氟乙烯薄膜 Tedlar®PVF (~50 m) 等。
如此, 当本发明光伏装置 100 为单面光伏装置, 且一个穿过上基板 200 的光线 L3进入其中一空隙区 500时, 由于此填充层 730 (即为上述反射部 700 的一种变化) 本身具光反射性的特性, 此填充层 730便使此光线 L3反射至上 基板 200面向光伏电池 400的一侧, 经由上基板 200的反射, 直到此光线 L3 最终到达光伏电池 400的正面 401, 进而被转换为电能。
反观, 请参阅图 2、 图 3H所示。 图 3H为本发明光伏装置 100于第五实 施例的另一变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
当本发明光伏装置 100为双面光伏装置时, 上基板 200、 下基板 300皆为 具光穿透性的玻璃基板,且光伏电池 400的正面 401与背面 402都可吸收光线 L3或 L4以转换为电能。 如此, 当一个穿过下基板 300的光线 L4抵达空隙区 500时, 此填充层 730也会使此光线 L4反射至下基板 300面向光伏电池 400 的一侧, 经由下基板 300的反射后, 直到此光线 L4最终到达光伏电池 400的 背面 402, 进而被转换为电能。
若反射部 700 (如填充层 730 )的光反射率例如为 50 %〜90 %时, 光线 L3 可自第一封装层 610穿过反射部 700 (如填充层 730) , 并于到达下基板 300 面向光伏电池 400的一侧时, 经由下基板 300的反射, 光线 L3的部份光线 L5 移至光伏电池 400的背面 402, 而被光伏电池 400的背面 402吸收, 进而被转 换为电能。
此外, 此实施例的其它变化中, 设计人员也可改变填充层 730的高度, 使 其表面与此些光伏电池 400的此些正面 401齐平, 然而, 本发明不仅限于此。
上述各实施例中, 当此些光伏电池 400以一数组方式排列时, 于此数组边 缘的部份光伏电池 400具有不面向其它光伏电池 400的一侧面 403A (图 2) , 此些部份的光伏电池 400不面向其它光伏电池 400的侧面 403A与封装结构 600 的边缘之间定义有一边缘区 510。 故, 本发明光伏装置 100不仅于任二相邻的 光伏电池 400间的空隙区 500内设置反射部 700, 设计人员也可依据需求将反 射部 700设置于边缘区 510内, 且使反射部 700连接此些部份的光伏电池 400 不面向其它光伏电池 400的侧面 403。
此外, 无论任二相邻光伏电池之间是否具有悍带, 此二光伏电池相互面对 的侧面间的间隙便可称为上述的空隙区。
请参阅图 2、 图 4A所示。 图 4A为本发明光伏装置 100于第六实施例的 一变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
第六实施例的此变化仅为一选项, 可沿用至图 3D、 图 3F或图 3H的双面 受光结构上, 然而, 本发明不仅限于此。 当本发明光伏装置 100为双面光伏装置时, 上基板 200、 下基板 300皆为 具光穿透性的玻璃基板,且光伏电池 400的正面 401与背面 402都可分别吸收 光线 L3、 L4以转换为电能。
图 3D、 图 3F或图 3H中, 由于光线 L3抵达下基板 300后, 除了有部份 光线(如光线 L5 )受到下基板 300的反射外,仍有部份光线会穿过下基板 300, 故, 为了让此些穿过下基板 300的部份光线不致因此而造成浪费, 此选项中, 下基板 300面向光伏电池 400的一侧(即内侧) , 且恰对应空隙区 500的位置 可设置一反射涂层 301 (如薄膜) , 藉由调整反射涂层 301的厚度与折射率以 控制所需的穿透反射率。
如此, 当光线 L3穿过上基板 200与填充层 730而到达反射涂层 301时, 经由反射涂层 301的反射, 光线 L3的所有光线 (以 L5为例) 被反射至光伏 电池 400面向下基板 300的一侧,进而进一歩地加强光线被转换为电能的效果。
此外, 此反射涂层 301可与空隙区 500具有相同的长度, 换句话说, 此反 射涂层 301位于空隙区 500垂直投影至下基板 300内侧的区域。然而, 本发明 不限于此, 此反射涂层的长度也可与空隙区的长度不相同。
再者, 此实施例的其它变化中, 设计人员也可选择合适光反射率的反射部 700 (如填充层 730) , 使得反射部 700 (如填充层 730) 的光反射率可被偏低、 适中或偏高地设定(如 10 %、 50 %或 90 % ) , 以均分或调整光线 L3穿过填充 层 730或反射自填充层 730的强度。
请参阅图 2、图 4B所示。图 4B为本发明光伏装置 100于第六实施例的另 一变化沿 A-A剖面线的一剖视图。
第六实施例可沿用至图 3D、 图 3F或图 3H的双面受光结构上。
当本发明光伏装置 100为双面光伏装置时, 上基板 200、 下基板 300皆为 具光穿透性的玻璃基板,且光伏电池 400的正面 401与背面 402都可分别吸收 光线 L3、 L4以转换为电能。
图 3D、 图 3F或图 3H中, 由于光线 L3抵达下基板 300后, 除了有部份 光线(如光线 L5 )受到下基板 300的反射外,仍有部份光线会穿过下基板 300, 故, 为了让此些穿过下基板 300的部份光线不致因此而造成浪费, 此选项中, 下基板 300背对光伏电池 400的一侧(即外侧) , 且恰对应空隙区 500的位置 可设置一反射涂层 302 (如薄膜) , 藉由调整反射涂层 302的厚度与折射率以 控制所需的穿透反射率。
如此, 当光线 L3穿过上基板 200、 填充层 730与下基板 300而到达反射 涂层 302时, 经由反射涂层 302的反射, 此光线 L3的所有光线 (以 L5为例) 被反射至光伏电池 400面向下基板 300的一侧,进而进一歩地加强光线被转换 为电能的效果。
此外, 此反射涂层 302可与空隙区 500具有相同的长度, 换句话说, 此反 射涂层 302位于空隙区 500垂直投影至下基板 300内侧的区域。然而, 本发明 不限于此, 此反射涂层 302的长度也可与空隙区 500的长度不相同。
再者, 此实施例的其它变化中, 设计人员也可选择合适光反射率的反射部 700 (如填充层 730) , 使得反射部 700 (如填充层 730) 的光反射率可被偏低、 适中或偏高地设定(如 10 %、 50 %或 90 % ) , 以均分或调整光线 L3穿过填充 层 730或反射自填充层 730的强度。 工业应用性
采用本发明光伏装置内所设置的反射部,使得光伏装置的入射光可藉由反 射部强制部份光线提早反射的特性, 降低光线成为无效光线的机会,进而提高 此光伏装置整体的收光发电效率。
当然, 本发明还可有其它多种实施例, 在不背离本发明精神及其实质的情 况下, 熟悉本领域的技术人员可根据本发明作出各种相应的改变和变形,但这 些相应的改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
1.一种光伏装置, 其特征在于, 包含:
一上基板, 具光穿透性;
一下基板, 平行该上基板;
多个光伏电池, 间隔地平放于该上基板与该下基板之间, 其中任二相邻的 该些光伏电池具有相互面对的二侧面, 该些侧面之间定义出一空隙区; 以及 一封装结构, 夹设于该上基板与该下基板之间, 且包覆该些光伏电池于其 中, 且该封装结构内具有一反射部, 该反射部位于该空隙区内, 用以反射来自 该上基板的光线。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该封装结构更包含: 一第一封装层, 具光穿透性, 全面地邻接该上基板的一侧; 以及 一第二封装层, 具光反射性, 迭设于该第一封装层背对该上基板的一侧, 且全面地邻接该下基板的一侧,
其中该些光伏电池被夹合于该第一封装层与该第二封装层之间,且该反射 部为该第二封装层于该空隙区内接触该第一封装层的一表面。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该封装结构包含: 一第一封装层, 具光穿透性, 全面地邻接该上基板的一侧; 以及 一第二封装层, 包含:
多个第一部份, 每一该些第一部份与该一光伏电池具相同面积, 夹合于该 一光伏电池与该下基板之间; 以及
多个第二部份, 具光反射性, 彼此间隔地位于该些空隙区内, 每一该些第 二部份的一侧邻接该第一封装层, 其另侧邻接该下基板,
其中该些光伏电池分别被夹设于该第一封装层与该些第一部份之间,且该 反射部为该第二部份于该空隙区内接触该第一封装层的一表面。
4.根据权利要求 1所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该封装结构包含: 一第一封装层, 具光穿透性, 全面地邻接该上基板的一侧; 以及 一第二封装层, 具光穿透性, 全面地邻接该下基板的一侧, 其中该些光伏 电池被夹合于该第一封装层与该第二封装层之间,
该反射部包含: 多个反射膜, 具光反射性, 分别位于该些空隙区内, 且连接该些光伏电池 的该些侧面, 其中每一该些反射膜被夹合于该第一封装层与第二封装层之间。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该封装结构包含: 一第一封装层, 具光穿透性, 邻接于该上基板与该下基板之间, 其中该些 光伏电池被埋设于该第一封装层内; 以及
该反射部包含:
多个反射颗粒, 具光反射性, 分布于该第一封装层以及该空隙区内。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该封装结构包含: 一第一封装层, 具光穿透性, 全面地邻接该上基板的一侧; 以及 一第二封装层, 具光穿透性, 全面地邻接该下基板的一侧, 其中该些光伏 电池被夹合于该第一封装层与该第二封装层之间,
该反射部包含:
多个填充层, 具光反射性, 被夹合于该第一封装层与该第二封装层之间, 其中每一该些填充层位于该些空隙区其中之一内,且连接该些光伏电池的该些 侧面。
7.根据权利要求 6所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 每一该些填充层完全填 满于该些空隙区其中之一内。
8.根据权利要求 2〜6其中的任意一项所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该 反射部的一光反射率为 90 %〜100 %, 且大于该第一封装层的一光反射率。
9.根据权利要求 8所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该下基板具光遮蔽性或 光穿透性。
10.根据权利要求 4〜6其中的任意一项所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该 下基板具光穿透性, 该反射部具半反射性, 该反射部的一光反射率为 50 %〜 90 % , 且大于该第一封装层的一光反射率。
11.一种光伏装置, 其特征在于, 包含:
一上基板, 具光穿透性;
一下基板, 平行该上基板;
多个光伏电池, 间隔地平放于该上基板与该下基板之间, 其中任二相邻的 该些光伏电池具有相互面对的二侧面, 该些侧面之间定义出一空隙区; 以及 一封装结构, 夹设于该上基板与该下基板之间, 且包覆该些光伏电池于其 中, 包含:
一第一封装层, 具光穿透性, 全面地邻接该上基板的一侧; 以及
一反射部, 位于该空隙区内, 用以反射来自该上基板的光线, 其中该反射 部的一光反射率大于该第一封装层的一光反射率。
12.根据权利要求 11所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该反射部的该光反射 率为 90 %〜100 %。
13.根据权利要求 12所述的光伏装置, 其特征在于, 该下基板具光遮蔽性 或光穿透性。
14.根据权利要求 13所述的光伏装置,其特征在于,该下基板具光穿透性, 该反射部的该光反射率为 50 %〜90 %。
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