WO2013190887A1 - タングステンコンデンサの陽極体及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
タングステンコンデンサの陽極体及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013190887A1 WO2013190887A1 PCT/JP2013/060898 JP2013060898W WO2013190887A1 WO 2013190887 A1 WO2013190887 A1 WO 2013190887A1 JP 2013060898 W JP2013060898 W JP 2013060898W WO 2013190887 A1 WO2013190887 A1 WO 2013190887A1
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- anode body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/0029—Processes of manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/042—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by the material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
- H01G9/052—Sintered electrodes
- H01G9/0525—Powder therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/15—Solid electrolytic capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an anode body of a capacitor made of a tungsten sintered body, a manufacturing method thereof, a capacitor element using the anode body, and a capacitor having the capacitor element.
- An electrolytic capacitor includes a conductor (anode body) as one electrode, a dielectric layer formed on the surface of the electrode, and the other electrode (semiconductor layer) provided thereon.
- an anode body of a capacitor made of a sintered body of a valve action metal powder such as tantalum, niobium, and aluminum that can be anodized is anodized, and the above-described pore inner layer and outer surface layer of the electrode
- a dielectric layer made of a metal oxide is formed, a semiconductor precursor (a monomer for a conductive polymer) is polymerized on the dielectric layer to form a semiconductor layer made of a conductive polymer, and further a semiconductor
- An electrolytic capacitor in which an electrode layer is formed on a predetermined portion on the layer has been proposed.
- Capacitor elements in which a sintered body of tungsten powder is used as an anode body and a dielectric layer is formed on the surface of the anode body by electrolytic formation are obtained at the same conversion voltage using anode bodies of the same volume using tantalum powder of the same particle size. Compared with the electrolytic capacitor to be obtained, a large capacity can be obtained, but it has a large leakage current.
- LC leakage current
- a capacitor using an alloy of tungsten and another metal has been proposed and examined, but it is not sufficient (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-349658 (US6876083)); Reference 1).
- a capacitor having an anode body made of a tungsten sintered body (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “tungsten capacitor”) has a large LC immediately after fabrication (hereinafter also referred to as “initial LC”). It has been found that the leakage current value increases when left at room temperature (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “leaving characteristics”). Such a property is a feature that is not found in a solid electrolytic capacitor element having a tantalum or niobium sintered body as an anode body. Therefore, the subject of this invention is providing the anode body which can improve the problem of the said LC characteristic in the electrolytic capacitor (tungsten capacitor) which uses a tungsten sintered compact as an anode body.
- the present inventors have not only suppressed initial LC but also allowed to leave the capacitor element if the anode element of the capacitor element contains a phosphorus element in a specific range.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that the deterioration of the characteristics, particularly the LC value, can be alleviated.
- the present invention relates to an anode body of a capacitor, a manufacturing method thereof, a capacitor element using the anode body, and a capacitor having the capacitor element.
- a capacitor anode body comprising a tungsten sintered body containing 15 to 3000 mass ppm of phosphorus element.
- the anode body according to item 1 further comprising 7% by mass or less of silicon element in the anode body.
- the anode body according to item 2 wherein the silicon element is contained as tungsten silicide.
- a phosphorus source is mixed with the powder to produce a molded body, and the anode body contains 15 to 3000 ppm by mass of phosphorus element by firing.
- a method for producing an anode body for a capacitor containing a phosphorus element is
- anode body of a capacitor made of a tungsten sintered body containing 15 to 3000 mass ppm of phosphorus element By using an anode body of a capacitor made of a tungsten sintered body containing 15 to 3000 mass ppm of phosphorus element, the LC characteristics (particularly, leaving characteristics) of the tungsten capacitor element can be improved.
- the capacitor anode body made of the tungsten sintered body of the present invention contains 15 to 3000 mass ppm, preferably 20 to 2100 mass ppm, more preferably 50 to 2000 mass ppm of phosphorus element. If the amount of the phosphorus element contained in the anode body is less than 15 ppm by mass, it is difficult to improve the leaving characteristics of the manufactured capacitor element. When the amount of the phosphorus element contained in the sintered body exceeds 3000 ppm by mass, the initial LC of the capacitor element is difficult to be reduced.
- the time when the phosphorus element is contained in the anode body so as to be 15 to 3000 ppm by mass in the manufacturing process of the anode body.
- a compact is obtained by mixing a phosphorus source with tungsten powder. A method of producing and sintering this, and including a phosphorus element in the anode body; and (2) a method of including a phosphorus source in the furnace for firing the compact of the tungsten powder and including the phosphorus element in the anode body.
- the method (1) is preferable because the yield of phosphorus element is good, an anode body having a phosphorus element substantially corresponding to the amount of phosphorus source mixed in tungsten powder is obtained, and the amount of phosphorus element in the anode body can be easily adjusted. .
- Examples of the phosphorus source include not only simple substances but also phosphorus element-containing compounds such as phosphoric acid, phosphates, and organic phosphorus compounds.
- a solvent suitable for phosphorus may be used and mixed with tungsten powder as a solution.
- the anode body of the present invention may contain not only phosphorus element but also other impurities as long as they do not adversely affect the characteristics of the obtained capacitor. In particular, it is preferable to include a component that further improves the capacitor characteristics as described later.
- a commercially available tungsten powder may be used as the tungsten powder used in the present invention. Further, tungsten powder having a smaller particle size can be obtained by, for example, grinding tungsten trioxide powder in a hydrogen atmosphere, and tungstic acid and its salts (such as ammonium tungstate) or tungsten halide can be obtained by hydrogenation. It can be obtained by using a reducing agent such as sodium and appropriately selecting reducing conditions. It can also be obtained directly from the tungsten-containing mineral or by obtaining a plurality of steps and selecting reducing conditions.
- tungsten powder is dispersed in an aqueous solution containing an oxidizing agent (hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, etc.) to form an oxide film on the surface of the tungsten powder particles, and the oxide film is removed with an alkaline aqueous solution.
- an oxidizing agent hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate, etc.
- the tungsten powder used in the present invention contains at least one element selected from silicon, nitrogen, oxygen and boron, and in particular, the silicon element is present as tungsten silicide on at least a part of the surface of the tungsten powder. Is preferred.
- silicon powder is mixed well with tungsten powder, and the reaction is usually performed at a temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher and 2600 ° C. or lower under a reduced pressure of 10 ⁇ 1 Pa or lower. Can be obtained.
- the silicon powder reacts from the surface of the tungsten particles, and tungsten silicide such as W 5 Si 3 is formed in a localized manner within 50 nm from the particle surface layer. For this reason, the central part of the primary particles remains as a metal having high conductivity, and when the anode body of a capacitor is manufactured, the equivalent series resistance of the anode body can be kept low, which is preferable.
- the content of tungsten silicide can be adjusted by the amount of silicon added.
- the silicon content in the tungsten powder is preferably 7% by mass or less, more preferably 0.05 to 7% by mass, and particularly preferably 0.2 to 4% by mass.
- a tungsten powder having a silicon content in this range gives a capacitor with better LC characteristics, and is more preferable as a powder for an electrolytic capacitor.
- the method of adding nitrogen element to the tungsten powder there is a method of placing the tungsten powder under reduced pressure in a nitrogen gas atmosphere (usually 1 Pa or less) at 350 to 1500 ° C. for about 1 minute to 10 hours.
- a nitrogen gas atmosphere usually 1 Pa or less
- it may be performed on the sintered body material or the sintered body under the same conditions as in the case of the tungsten powder.
- nitrogen element there is no limitation on the time when nitrogen is included, but it is preferable to include nitrogen element at an early stage of the process. Thereby, when the powder is handled in the air, oxidation more than necessary can be prevented.
- the nitrogen element is preferably 0.5% by mass or less, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by mass, and still more preferably 0.05 to 0.3% by mass, in the anode body. It is good to keep.
- the amount of nitrogen may be adjusted using the same amount to a double amount as a guide to the target content in the anode body. That is, a preliminary test can be performed in the range of 1% by mass or less as the amount of nitrogen element contained in the tungsten powder, and the above-mentioned preferable content can be obtained as the anode body.
- a method of adding boron element to tungsten powder there is a method of granulating tungsten powder or a compound containing boron element as a boron source when granulating tungsten powder to be described later. It is preferable to add the boron source so that the content in the obtained anode body is preferably 0.001 to 0.1% by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 0.1% by mass. Within this range, good LC characteristics can be obtained.
- the oxygen content in the tungsten powder is preferably 8% by mass or less, more preferably 0.05 to 8% by mass, and further preferably 0.08 to 1% by mass.
- oxygen is contained at the time of taking out from the reduced pressure high temperature furnace. Nitrogen gas is added. At this time, oxygen is preferentially taken in over nitrogen if the take-out temperature from the reduced-pressure high-temperature furnace is less than 280 ° C.
- a predetermined oxygen element content can be obtained by gradually introducing gas.
- the tungsten powder By making the tungsten powder have a predetermined oxygen element content in advance, it is possible to mitigate irregular and excessive oxidative deterioration during the process of manufacturing the anode body of the capacitor later using the powder. If the oxygen content is within the above range, the LC characteristics of the produced electrolytic capacitor can be kept better.
- an inert gas such as argon or helium gas may be used instead of nitrogen gas.
- the capacity may be reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to suppress the content to 25% by mass or less in the anode body. It can be preferably used. In order to obtain better LC characteristics, the content of impurity elements in the anode body can be suppressed so that the amount of various elements other than silicon, nitrogen, boron, oxygen, tantalum and niobium is 1000 ppm by mass or less. preferable.
- the form of tungsten powder used in the present invention may be granulated powder.
- Granulated powder is preferable because it has good fluidity and is easy to perform operations such as molding.
- the granulated powder may further be one in which the pore distribution is adjusted by a method similar to the method disclosed in JP-A-2003-213302 for niobium powder, for example.
- the granulated powder is an ungranulated tungsten powder (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “primary powder”), and at least one kind of liquid such as water or a liquid resin is added to form a granule having an appropriate size. Then, it can be obtained by heating under reduced pressure and sintering. Depressurized conditions (for example, 1 kPa or less in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere such as hydrogen) and high-temperature standing conditions (for example, 1100 to 2600 ° C., 0.1 to 100 hours) for obtaining granulated granules that are easy to handle are It can be obtained by a preliminary experiment.
- primary powder ungranulated tungsten powder
- liquid such as water or a liquid resin
- the volume average particle size (hereinafter referred to as “average particle size” unless otherwise specified) is preferably in the range of 50 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 100 to 200 ⁇ m, the molding machine can smoothly move from the hopper to the mold. Convenient to flow.
- the capacity of the electrolytic capacitor made from the granulated powder can be increased. This is preferable.
- the specific surface area of the granulated powder is preferably 0.2 to 20 m 2 / g, more preferably 1 When it is set to 5 to 20 m 2 / g, the capacity of the electrolytic capacitor can be increased, which is preferable.
- a valve action metal wire or a valve action metal foil is planted at the time of forming tungsten powder, or the wire or foil is welded and fixed after sintering to provide a lead on the capacitor anode body.
- a dielectric layer is formed on the pore surface layer and outer surface of the tungsten anode body containing phosphorus, a semiconductor layer is formed on the dielectric layer, and an electrode layer is further formed on the semiconductor layer to obtain a capacitor element.
- the dielectric layer is preferably a dielectric layer obtained by chemical conversion in an electrolytic solution containing nitric acid or an oxygen-containing oxide (such as potassium persulfate) as an electrolyte.
- a capacitor having such a dielectric layer is an electrolytic capacitor.
- Examples of the semiconductor layer formed on the dielectric layer include a manganese dioxide layer and a conductive polymer layer. Of these, a conductive polymer layer having high conductivity is preferable.
- kinds of conductive polymers for solid electrolytic capacitor elements and formation methods as semiconductor layers are known, but for example, selected from semiconductor precursors (pyrrole, thiophene, monomer compounds having an aniline skeleton, and various derivatives of these compounds) At least one kind) is subjected to a polymerization reaction a plurality of times to form a semiconductor layer having a desired thickness made of a conductive polymer.
- a dielectric element and a semiconductor layer sequentially formed on an anode body may be used as a capacitor element as it is, but preferably an electrical connection with an external lead (for example, a lead frame) of a capacitor on the semiconductor layer.
- an electrode layer in which a carbon layer and a silver layer are sequentially laminated at predetermined positions on the semiconductor layer is provided on the semiconductor layer to form a capacitor element.
- the capacitor having the semiconductor layer is a solid electrolytic capacitor.
- Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 Average obtained by removing commercially available tungsten powder with an average particle size of 0.6 ⁇ m by stirring and oxidizing with ammonium persulfate in water to form an oxide layer on the surface of the powder and then immersing it in a 1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to remove the oxide layer.
- the phosphorus compound shown in Table 1 was mixed with tungsten powder having a particle size of 0.4 ⁇ m, and the solvent water was removed under reduced pressure at 125 ° C., followed by vacuum heating at 1450 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- the lump was pulverized with a hammer mill to obtain granulated powder having an average particle size of 95 ⁇ m (26 to 136 ⁇ m).
- the granulated powder was formed with a TAP2 type molding machine manufactured by Seiko.
- a tantalum wire of 0.29 mm ⁇ was planted to form an anode lead.
- This molded body was sintered under vacuum at 1530 ° C. for 20 minutes, and a sintered body (anode body) having a size of 1.0 ⁇ 1.5 ⁇ 4.4 mm (lead wires were planted on a 1.0 ⁇ 1.5 mm surface). ) was obtained for each example.
- the mass of the anode body excluding the lead wire was 61 ⁇ 3 mg.
- the phosphorus element concentration in the anode body is also shown in Table 1.
- the sintered body was subjected to chemical conversion in a chemical conversion solution (3 mass% potassium persulfate aqueous solution) at 50 ° C. for 13 V6 hours using the lead wire of the sintered body as an anode and a separately provided electrode as a cathode. Washing with water, washing with ethanol, and drying at 190 ° C. for 30 minutes, a dielectric layer was formed on a part of the lead wire and the sintered body.
- a chemical conversion solution 3 mass% potassium persulfate aqueous solution
- the formed anode body was dipped in a 10% by mass ethylenedioxythiophene ethanol solution, pulled up, and immersed in a separately prepared 10% by mass toluene iron sulfonate aqueous solution and reacted at 60 ° C. three times. Further, after immersing the anode body in a 10% by mass ethylenedioxythiophene monomer ethanol solution, 70 parts by mass of ethylene glycol 30 parts by mass with separately prepared supersaturated ethylenedioxythiophene and 3% by mass anthraquinone sulfonic acid were dissolved.
- Example 10 A tungsten granulated powder was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that boric acid was added simultaneously with phosphoric acid in Example 3, and then a solid electrolytic capacitor element was produced in the same manner as in Example 3.
- the tungsten granulated powder contained 529 mass ppm of boron in addition to phosphorus.
- Example 11 In Example 3, at 60 ° C. during the temperature drop to room temperature before taking out the crushed material from the room temperature with a hammer mill, argon gas mixed with oxygen concentration adjusted to 2000 ppm by volume was added to oxidize the lump. Tungsten granulated powder was produced in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the temperature was lowered to 0, and then a solid electrolytic capacitor element was produced in the same manner as in Example 3. The tungsten granulated powder contained 3600 mass ppm of oxygen in addition to phosphorus. ICP emission analysis confirmed that the concentrations of impurity metal elements other than tungsten, phosphorus, and oxygen were each 1000 ppm by mass or less.
- Examples 12-13 A composition powder of tungsten and tantalum was prepared by thoroughly mixing 20 parts by mass of the tantalum powder of Reference Example 1 and Reference Example 2 with 80 parts by mass of the tungsten powder obtained by adding phosphoric acid in Example 3. Similarly, each solid electrolytic capacitor element was produced, and the standing characteristics were measured.
- Reference Examples 1-2 In each of Example 4 and Comparative Example 1, tantalum powder having an average particle diameter of 0.4 ⁇ m obtained by sodium reduction of potassium fluorotantalate was used instead of tungsten powder, the calcining temperature was 1240 ° C., and the sintering temperature was 128 tantalum solid electrolytic capacitor elements were produced in the same manner as in Example 4 and Comparative Example 1, respectively, except that the powder-only anode body mass was set to 40 ⁇ 2 mg at 1360 ° C.
- Table 1 shows the capacity and LC value of the solid electrolytic capacitor elements produced in Examples 1 to 9, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Reference Examples 1 to 2, and LC values measured after standing at room temperature for 30 days.
- the capacity is a value of 120 Hz immediately after drying at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes and a bias of 2.5 V measured with an LCR meter manufactured by Agilent, and the LC value is a value measured 30 seconds after application with an applied voltage of 2.5 V.
- the phosphorus and boron concentrations in the tungsten granulated powder are values obtained from ICP emission analysis, and the amounts of nitrogen and oxygen are values obtained from LECO analysis.
- capacitance and LC value are the average values of 40 arbitrary in each case. Analytical values of phosphorus, boron, oxygen and nitrogen are average values of two in each case.
- the standing characteristics (deterioration of LC value) of the tungsten capacitor element are remarkably improved, and the tungsten capacitor element is used.
- High capacity solid electrolytic capacitors can be realized at low cost.
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Description
従って、本発明の課題は、タングステン焼結体を陽極体とする電解コンデンサ(タングステンコンデンサ)における上記LC特性の問題を改善できる陽極体を提供することにある。
[1]リン元素を15~3000質量ppm含むタングステン焼結体からなるコンデンサの陽極体。
[2]さらに陽極体中にケイ素元素を7質量%以下含む前項1に記載の陽極体。
[3]ケイ素元素がケイ化タングステンとして含まれる前項2に記載の陽極体。
[4]陽極体中の酸素元素の含有量が8質量%以下である前項1~3のいずれかに記載の陽極体。
[5]陽極体中の窒素元素の含有量が0.5質量%以下である前項1~4のいずれかに記載の陽極体。
[6]陽極体中のホウ素元素の含有量が0.1質量%以下である前項1~5のいずれかに記載の陽極体。
[7]リン、ケイ素、ホウ素、酸素及び窒素以外の陽極体中の各種不純物元素の含有量がそれぞれ0.1質量%以下である前項1~6のいずれかに記載の陽極体。
[8]陽極体中に含まれるケイ素、窒素、ホウ素、酸素、リン、タンタル及びニオブ以外の不純物元素量が、各々1000質量ppm以下である前項1~7のいずれかに記載のコンデンサの陽極体。
[9]タングステン粉の成形体を焼結するコンデンサの陽極体の製造方法において、前記粉にリン源を混合して成形体を作製し、焼成により陽極体にリン元素を15~3000質量ppm含有させることを特徴とするリン元素を含有するコンデンサの陽極体の製造方法。
[10]前記リン源が、リン単体、リン酸、リン酸塩、及び有機リン化合物から選択される前項9に記載のコンデンサの陽極体の製造方法。
[11]前記タングステン粉が、ケイ素、窒素、酸素、及びホウ素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を含む前項9または10に記載のコンデンサの陽極体の製造方法。
[12]前項1~8のいずれかに記載の陽極体、または前項9~11のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られた陽極体を有するコンデンサ素子。
[13]前項12に記載のコンデンサ素子を有するコンデンサ。
陽極体に含まれるリン元素の量が15質量ppm未満であると作製したコンデンサ素子の放置特性が改善されにくい。焼結体に含まれるリン元素の量が3000質量ppmを超えると、コンデンサ素子の初期LCが小さくなりにくい。
陽極体中でのリン元素の含有量が上記の範囲内となるように、(1)及び(2)の方法の任意の時期に小分けして含有させることも可能である。(1)の方法は、リン元素の収率が良く、タングステン粉に混合したリン源量にほぼ相当するリン元素を有する陽極体が得られ、陽極体中のリン元素量を調整しやすいので好ましい。
本発明で使用するタングステン粉としては市販されているものを用いてもよい。
また、一層好ましい粒径の小さいタングステン粉は、例えば、三酸化タングステン粉を水素雰囲気下で粉砕して得ることができ、またタングステン酸及びその塩(タングステン酸アンモニウム等)やハロゲン化タングステンを水素やナトリウム等の還元剤を使用し、還元条件を適宜選択することによって得ることができる。また、タングステン含有鉱物から直接または複数の工程を得て、還元条件を選択することによっても得ることができる。
窒素元素を含有させるには、タングステン粉の場合と同様の条件で、焼結体材料または焼結体に対して行ってもよい。このように、窒素を含ませる時期に限定は無いが、好ましくは、工程の早い段階で窒素元素を含ませておくとよい。これにより、粉体を空気中で取り扱う際、必要以上の酸化を防ぐことができる。
酸素含有量を上記範囲にする方法としては、例えば、減圧高温炉を用いて前述のようにケイ素元素及び/または窒素元素含ませる操作を行なった際、減圧高温炉からの取り出し時に、酸素を含有した窒素ガスを投入する。この時、減圧高温炉からの取り出し温度が280℃未満であると窒素よりも酸素が優先して取り込まれる。徐々にガスを投入することにより所定の酸素元素含有量にすることができる。前もってタングステン粉を所定の酸素元素含有量にしておくことにより、該粉を使用して後々のコンデンサの陽極体を作製する工程中での不規則な過度の酸化劣化を緩和することができる。酸素含有量が前記範囲内であれば、作製した電解コンデンサのLC特性をより良好に保つことができる。この工程で窒素を導入しない場合には、窒素ガスの代わりにアルゴンやヘリウムガス等の不活性ガスを使用してもよい。
より良好なLC特性を得るために、陽極体中の不純物元素の含有量は、ケイ素、窒素、ホウ素、酸素、タンタル及びニオブ以外の各種元素量が各1000質量ppm以下となるように抑えることが好ましい。
このような造粒粉は、ふるいで分級して粒径を揃えることができる。体積平均粒径(以下、特に断りに無い限り「平均粒径」と言う。)が好ましくは50~200μm、より好ましくは100~200μmの範囲であれば、成形機のホッパーから金型にスムーズに流れるために好都合である。
このような造粒粉を得る場合、例えば、前記1次粒子径を調整して、造粒粉の比表面積(BET法による)が、好ましくは0.2~20m2/g、より好ましくは1.5~20m2/gになるようにすると、電解コンデンサの容量をより大きくすることができ好ましい。
本発明の実施例及び比較例において平均粒径測定及び元素分析は以下の方法を用いた。
粒径は、マイクロトラック社製HRA9320-X100を用い、粒度分布をレーザー回折散乱法で測定し、その累積体積%が、50体積%に相当する粒径値(D50;μm)を平均粒径とした。
元素量は、ICPS-8000E(島津製作所製)を用いICP発光分析で測定した。
市販の平均粒径0.6μmのタングステン粉を過硫酸アンモニウムと共に水中で撹拌酸化して粉表層に酸化層を形成した後に1規定の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に浸漬させて酸化層を除去して得た平均粒径0.4μmのタングステン粉に表1に示したリン化合物を混合し、125℃減圧下に溶媒の水を除いた後に1450℃で30分真空加熱した。室温に取り出し塊状物をハンマーミルで解砕して平均粒径95μm(26~136μm)の造粒粉を得た。
造粒粉を精研製TAP2型成形器で成形した。0.29mmφのタンタル線を植立させ陽極リードとした。この成形体を1530℃で20分真空焼結し、大きさ1.0×1.5×4.4mm(1.0×1.5mm面にリード線が植立)の焼結体(陽極体)を各例500個得た。リード線を除いた陽極体の質量は、61±3mgであった。陽極体中のリン元素濃度を表1に併記した。
焼結体を、化成液(3質量%の過硫酸カリウム水溶液)中で、焼結体のリード線を陽極に、別途設けた電極を陰極として、50℃、13V6時間化成した。水洗、エタノール洗浄、190℃30分乾燥してリード線の一部と焼結体に誘電体層を形成した。
引き続き、半導体層上のリード線が植立している面を除いてカーボン層及び銀ペーストの固化による銀層を順次積層し、固体電解コンデンサ素子を各例128個作製した。
なお、実施例6~9と比較例5の陽極体中には、リン以外に窒素元素が40~751質量ppm(実施例6:40質量ppm、実施例7:81質量ppm、実施例8:375質量ppm、実施例9:593質量ppm、比較例5:751質量ppm)含まれていた。
実施例3でリン酸と同時にホウ酸を加えた以外は実施例3と同様にしてタングステン造粒粉を作製し、その後実施例3と同様にして固体電解コンデンサ素子を作製した。タングステン造粒粉には、リン以外にホウ素が529質量ppm含まれていた。
実施例3でハンマーミルで解砕物を室温から取り出す以前の室温への降温途中の60℃の時に、酸素濃度を2000体積ppmに調整混合したアルゴンガスを投入して塊状物を酸化させた後に室温へ降温した以外は実施例3と同様にしてタングステン造粒粉を作製し、その後実施例3と同様にして固体電解コンデンサ素子を作製した。タングステン造粒粉には、リン以外に酸素が3600質量ppm含まれていた。また、ICP発光分析により、タングステン、リン、酸素以外の不純物金属元素の濃度は、各々1000質量ppm以下であることを確認した。
実施例3でリン酸を加えて得たタングステン粉80質量部に参考例1及び参考例2のタンタル粉20質量%を良く混合してタングステンとタンタルの組成物粉を作製し、実施例1と同様にして各固体電解コンデンサ素子を作製し、放置特性を測定した。
それぞれ実施例4及び比較例1でタングステン粉の代わりにフッ化タンタル酸カリウムをナトリウム還元して得た平均粒径0.4μmのタンタル粉を使用し、仮焼温度を1240℃、焼結温度を1360℃として粉のみの陽極体質量を40±2mgとした以外はそれぞれ実施例4及び比較例1と同様にしてタンタル固体電解コンデンサ素子を各例128個作製した。
さらに、リンを混合したタングステン粉にタンタル粉を混合して造粒粉とし陽極体を作製した場合(実施例12~13)、該陽極体を使用した固体電解コンデンサ素子の放置特性は、LC値の上昇が1.1~1.2倍に抑えられることがわかる。
Claims (13)
- リン元素を15~3000質量ppm含むタングステン焼結体からなるコンデンサの陽極体。
- さらに陽極体中にケイ素元素を7質量%以下含む請求項1に記載の陽極体。
- ケイ素元素がケイ化タングステンとして含まれる請求項2に記載の陽極体。
- 陽極体中の酸素元素の含有量が8質量%以下である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の陽極体。
- 陽極体中の窒素元素の含有量が0.5質量%以下である請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の陽極体。
- 陽極体中のホウ素元素の含有量が0.1質量%以下である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の陽極体。
- リン、ケイ素、ホウ素、酸素及び窒素以外の陽極体中の各種不純物元素の含有量がそれぞれ0.1質量%以下である請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の陽極体。
- 陽極体中に含まれるケイ素、窒素、ホウ素、酸素、リン、タンタル及びニオブ以外の不純物元素量が、各々1000質量ppm以下である請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のコンデンサの陽極体。
- タングステン粉の成形体を焼結するコンデンサの陽極体の製造方法において、前記粉にリン源を混合して成形体を作製し、焼成により陽極体にリン元素を15~3000質量ppm含有させることを特徴とするリン元素を含有するコンデンサの陽極体の製造方法。
- 前記リン源が、リン単体、リン酸、リン酸塩、及び有機リン化合物から選択される請求項9に記載のコンデンサの陽極体の製造方法。
- 前記タングステン粉が、ケイ素、窒素、酸素、及びホウ素からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の元素を含む請求項9または10に記載のコンデンサの陽極体の製造方法。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかに記載の陽極体、または請求項9~11のいずれかに記載の製造方法により得られた陽極体を有するコンデンサ素子。
- 請求項12に記載のコンデンサ素子を有するコンデンサ。
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| US14/410,364 US20160211080A1 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-04-11 | Anode body for tungsten capacitor and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2014508633A JP5613863B2 (ja) | 2012-06-22 | 2013-04-11 | タングステンコンデンサの陽極体及びその製造方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014203816A1 (ja) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | 昭和電工株式会社 | コンデンサ陽極体およびその製造方法 |
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| JP2004076063A (ja) * | 2002-08-13 | 2004-03-11 | Kawatetsu Mining Co Ltd | ニオブ合金粉末、固体電解コンデンサ用アノード及び固体電解コンデンサ |
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| WO2012086272A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-06-28 | 昭和電工株式会社 | タングステン粉、コンデンサの陽極体及び電解コンデンサ |
| WO2013058018A1 (ja) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-25 | 昭和電工株式会社 | コンデンサの陽極体の製造方法 |
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| US3825802A (en) * | 1973-03-12 | 1974-07-23 | Western Electric Co | Solid capacitor |
| US4009007A (en) * | 1975-07-14 | 1977-02-22 | Fansteel Inc. | Tantalum powder and method of making the same |
| DE3140248C2 (de) * | 1981-10-09 | 1986-06-19 | Hermann C. Starck Berlin, 1000 Berlin | Verwendung von dotiertem Ventilmetallpulver für die Herstellung von Elektrolytkondensatoranoden |
| JPS60149706A (ja) * | 1984-01-18 | 1985-08-07 | Showa Kiyabotsuto Suupaa Metal Kk | タンタル粉末の製造方法 |
| US4957541A (en) * | 1988-11-01 | 1990-09-18 | Nrc, Inc. | Capacitor grade tantalum powder |
| JP2003272959A (ja) * | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-26 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | コンデンサ |
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- 2013-04-11 JP JP2014508633A patent/JP5613863B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-04-11 WO PCT/JP2013/060898 patent/WO2013190887A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2013-04-11 US US14/410,364 patent/US20160211080A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH116060A (ja) * | 1997-06-12 | 1999-01-12 | Japan Energy Corp | スパッタリングターゲット及びその製造方法 |
| JPH11256322A (ja) * | 1998-03-10 | 1999-09-21 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 金属シリサイドターゲット材 |
| JP2004349658A (ja) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-12-09 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 電解コンデンサ |
| JP2004076063A (ja) * | 2002-08-13 | 2004-03-11 | Kawatetsu Mining Co Ltd | ニオブ合金粉末、固体電解コンデンサ用アノード及び固体電解コンデンサ |
| WO2012086272A1 (ja) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-06-28 | 昭和電工株式会社 | タングステン粉、コンデンサの陽極体及び電解コンデンサ |
| WO2013058018A1 (ja) * | 2011-10-18 | 2013-04-25 | 昭和電工株式会社 | コンデンサの陽極体の製造方法 |
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| WO2014203816A1 (ja) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-24 | 昭和電工株式会社 | コンデンサ陽極体およびその製造方法 |
| JP5698882B1 (ja) * | 2013-06-18 | 2015-04-08 | 昭和電工株式会社 | コンデンサ陽極体およびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5613863B2 (ja) | 2014-10-29 |
| US20160211080A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
| JPWO2013190887A1 (ja) | 2016-02-08 |
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