Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
  • F42B8/02—Cartridges
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
  • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
  • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
  • F42B12/78—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing of jackets for smallarm bullets ; Jacketed bullets or projectiles
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
  • F42B33/001—Devices or processes for assembling ammunition, cartridges or cartridge elements from parts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
  • F42B5/26—Cartridge cases
  • F42B5/30—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics
  • F42B5/307—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics formed by assembling several elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
  • F42B5/26—Cartridge cases
  • F42B5/30—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics
  • F42B5/307—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics formed by assembling several elements
  • F42B5/313—Cartridge cases of plastics, i.e. the cartridge-case tube is of plastics formed by assembling several elements all elements made of plastics
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
  • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an exercise projectile for use at short distances, in particular under 100 meters, more preferably below 50 meters, according to the preamble of claim 1 and an exercise cartridge with said exercise projectile according to claim 10.
• PRIOR ART Cartridge ammunition is known from the prior art.
• the Swiss Army uses the rifle cartridge 90 (GP 90).
• NATO also uses very similar ammunition.
• Such cartridges typically include a bullet, a cartridge case for storing the projectile and propellant, and a primer disposed in the cartridge bottom, through which the propellant can then be appropriately ignited so that the pellet can be fired accordingly.
• Both projectile and cartridge case are made of metallic materials in the above ammunition.
• the projectile may be made of lead alloy with a Tombak shell and the cartridge case is made of brass.
• an exercise projectile for use at a short distance comprises a front area extending along a central axis with a projectile tip and a front area in the direction of the central axis adjoining the rear area with a projectile end, the rear area being designed to receive the projectile in a cartridge case.
• the projectile comprises a projectile core made of metal or a projectile core of a mixture of plastic and metal or a projectile core of metallic solid or loose powder and a surrounding the projectile core and at least partially the outer shape of the projectile defining sheath made of plastic.
• the projectile can thus have essentially three different embodiments.
• the projectile comprises a projectile core made of metal with a surrounding the projectile core and at least partially the outer shape of the projectile defining sheath made of plastic.
• the projectile core is stable in itself. It is therefore preferably a solid projectile core.
• the projectile comprises a projectile core of a mixture of plastic and metal with a surrounding the projectile core and at least partially the outer shape of the projectile defining sheath made of plastic.
• plastic mixture metal parts are present, wherein the plastic mixture serves as a matrix for cohesion of the metal parts.
• the projectile comprises a projectile core of metallic solid or loose powder with a surrounding the projectile core and at least partially the outer shape of the projectile defining sheath made of plastic.
• the powder can be loose in the casing, whereby an interior is created by the sheath, in which the powder is located.
• the powder can also be present, for example, as a sintered process as a solid composite, this solid composite then being surrounded by the casing. Due to the formation of the projectile with a metal or metal-containing core and a Kunststoffiimmantelung a bullet can be provided which has very similar ballistic properties to conventional bullets.
• the metallic core ensures a corresponding weight, while the sheath made of plastic with the outer shape determines the aerodynamics of the projectile.
• the projectile core has the shape of a cylinder.
• the projectile core can be produced particularly easily.
• the jacket completely surrounds the projectile core.
• the projectile core is not visible from the outside.
• the sheath determines the outer shape of the projectile.
• the metallic components are completely protected by the sheath and the corrosion of the same can be prevented during storage.
• the casing partially surrounds the projectile core, with the projectile core preferably projecting out of the casing or forming the projectile tip in the region of the projectile tip.
• the projectile core may also be flush with a corresponding surface of the shroud.
• the projectile core is partially visible from the outside and it can also be said that the projectile core is held by the shell.
• the outer shape is determined here only partially by the sheath. In the areas where the projectile core is visible, the projectile core determines the outer shape and in the areas where the shell is present, the shell determines the outer shape.
• the projectile core is at least partially surrounded by the casing.
• the projectile can also be used in a more environmentally friendly manner because, due to the arrangement of the plastic sheathing, no contact between the metal and the surroundings can take place.
• the sheath extends from the projectile tip forth in the front region with a conical section, preferably with two conical sections with different angles, and then merges into a cylindrical section.
• the rear region is preferably substantially cylindrical.
• the rear region has a holding portion with which the projectile can be stored in a cartridge case.
• the holding portion may be formed variously.
• the holding section is a recess which extends in the rear region and runs around the central axis and which is bounded on both sides by the rear region.
• the holding portion is formed by two projections surrounding the projectile and extending outwards from the diameter of the rear region.
• the holding portion is bounded by a single projectile surrounding and extending from the diameter of the rear portion to the outside elevation. This survey then comes in the Interior of the cartridge case to lie. Regardless of the arrangement of the recess or survey, the holding portion in the region with which a contact with the cartridge case is preferably a slightly larger diameter than the inner diameter of the cartridge case in the same area.
• the projectile core is arranged in the weft direction in the front region of the projectile.
• the projectile core is also arranged centrally between projectile tip and projectile end.
• the projectile core in the weft direction has a length which is smaller by a factor in the range of 2 to 5, in particular in the range of 2.5 to 4.5, seen as the total length of the projectile from projectile tip to projectile end in the direction of the central axis .
• the projectile core has a diameter which is smaller by a factor in the range of 1.1 to 1.8, in particular by a factor in the range of 1.2 to 1.6 than the nominal diameter of the projectile.
• the projectile core is made of a metal or a metal alloy selected from the group of steel and / or non-ferrous metals. Particularly preferably, the projectile core is free of heavy metals.
• the sheath is made of a plastic selected from a thermoplastic or an elastomer or a plastic mixture selected from a thermoplastic and / or an elastomer.
• the projectile has a larger diameter in sections than the defined nominal diameter of the projectile. In this case, when passing through the barrel of a firearm, the projectile, in particular the casing made of plastic, is slightly compressed and offset by the running trains in rotation about the central axis.
• An exercise cartridge comprises a projectile as described above and a cartridge case, the cartridge case having a sleeve portion and a cartridge base in communication with the sleeve portion, wherein at least the sleeve portion is made of plastic.
• the projectile has a form fit and / or a force fit in held a receiving portion in the sleeve part. Consequently, the projectile is thus substantially mechanically connected to the cartridge case. In other words, it can also be said that the projectile is inserted in the receiving section. Alternatively, the projectile can be held cohesively in the sleeve part.
• the receiving section is here a zone with weakened material thickness.
• the projectile is materially connected to the sleeve part via the zone of weakened material thickness, with the said zone rupturing on ignition.
• the zone can also be referred to as a predetermined breaking point.
• projectile and sleeve part can be produced in a manufacturing step.
• the projectile core can be used directly in an injection molding process or introduced in a later manufacturing step on the sleeve part.
• the formation of the sleeve part and / or the cartridge base made of plastic has the advantage that a cost-effective cartridge case can be provided.
• the sleeve is more environmentally friendly than other known from the prior art metallic sleeves.
• the connection via positive locking and / or adhesion between projectile and cartridge case has the advantage that the resistance of the connection is easier dimensioned. It can thus not come to uncontrolled reactions or tearing during the ignition process.
• the cartridge bottom is preferably held in the sleeve part via a positive connection, material connection and / or adhesion.
• the receiving portion in which the projectile is held an inner diameter which is smaller than the outer diameter of the projectile in the region of the rear portion, which comes to lie in the receiving portion. Consequently, a frictional connection can be easily provided.
• at least one of said elevations is positioned behind the receiving portion of the cartridge case as viewed in the firing direction, said elevation having a diameter which is greater than the inner diameter of the receiving portion. This allows a positive connection with respect to a Movement of the projectile be provided out of the sleeve. When firing, this connection is canceled.
• a combination between positive and non-positive connection is particularly advantageous.
• the sleeve part and / or the cartridge bottom of a thermoplastic and / or an elastomer or a corresponding plastic mixture.
• the cartridge bottom may also be made of a metal, such as steel or a non-ferrous metal.
• both sleeve part and cartridge bottom are free of heavy metals.
• said projectile core is introduced or filled through the sleeve part into the projectile.
• the cartridge bottom is connected to the sleeve part, in a second step the blowing agent is filled into the sleeve part and
• an injection molding method for producing the projectile and the sleeve part is particularly preferably used.
• projectile and sleeve part can be directly connected to each other with the injection molding material cohesively.
• An insertion of the projectile in the sleeve part is also conceivable.
• the cartridge bottom can also be made by means of a syringe casting process or otherwise. Further embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.
• FIG. 1 is a side view of an exercise cartridge with a therapies projectile force according to an embodiment of the present invention
• Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of the exercise projectile according to FIG. 1;
• FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of the cartridge case according to FIG. 1 with a detail X; and FIG. 5 shows an exploded view of FIG. 4.
• a cartridge 14 is shown in a side view.
• the cartridge 14 comprises a doctorssterrorismil 1 and a cartridge case 6.
• the ceremoniessterrorismil 1 can also be referred to as projectile 1.
• Exercise projectile 1 is mounted in the cartridge case 6.
• the cartridge 14 shown in FIG. 1 which can also be referred to as an exercise cartridge, is used for the exercise or training of armed forces.
• the exercise cartridge 14 is used in particular at a short distance, that is, in particular below 100 m, particularly preferably below 50 m. As the description below shows, Exercise Project 1 is still a lethal projectile.
• FIG. 2 the cartridge 14 according to FIG. 1 is shown in a sectional view, with the construction of the training projectile 1 and the cartridge case 6 being readily recognizable.
• the The desiressexcellentil 1 comprises a along a central axis M extending front portion 2 with a projectile tip 3 and in the direction of the central axis M
• the rear region 4 is designed for receiving the training projectile 1 in the cartridge case 6.
• the The The desiressexcellentil 1 comprises a projectile core 7 made of metal and surrounding the projectile core 7 and the outer shape of the mecanicsterrorismil 1 determining sheath 8 made of plastic.
• the training projectile 1 consists of metallic areas, here in the form of the projectile core 7, and of areas of plastic, here in the form of the sheath 8.
• the projectile core 7 may be made of metal or a mixture of metal and plastic or metallic loose or solid powder.
• the projectile core 7 can thus be solid and have its own structure or the form of a powder, which is filled into the sheath. In the embodiment according to the figures, the projectile core 7 is completely surrounded by the casing 8.
• the sheathing surrounds the projectile core only partially, so that the projectile core is visible from the outside and forms part of the outer shape.
• the front end face 19 provides the tip of the projectile.
• the projectile core 7 is shown in dashed lines in this figure.
• the projectile core 7 preferably has the shape of a cylinder.
• the cylinder extends with a circular cross-section along the central axis M and is bounded by a lateral surface 18 and two end faces 19.
• the transition between lateral surface 18 and end face 19 can take place via a conical section 20.
• the conical section 20 can also be referred to as chamfering.
• the sheath 8 made of plastic completely surrounds the projectile core 7 in this embodiment.
• the lateral surface 18 and end faces 19 and optionally the chamfering are thus completely covered by the sheath 8.
• the sheath 8 has seen from the projectile tip 3 ago in the front region 2 a conical section 9.
• the conical section 9 has, in the present embodiment, two conical areas 9a and 9b with different angles.
• the first conical section 9a which directly adjoins the projectile tip 3, has a shallower angle with respect to the central axis M than the conical section 9b, which adjoins the conical section 9a.
• the casing 8 then merges into a cylindrical section 10, which extends along the central axis M.
• the front area 2 then adjoins the rear area 4, which is also cylindrical.
• the rear portion 4 as explained below, different diameters.
• the conical design of the Johannsmagazinil 1 in the front area 2 should be noted that this is only one possible embodiment.
• the rear region 4 is substantially cylindrical and has different sections with different diameters.
• a section is the holding section 12 associated with the rear region 4.
• the projectile 1 is mounted in the cartridge case 6 with the holding section 12.
• the cartridge case 6 has a receiving portion 17.
• the holding portion 12 may be formed variously.
• the holding section 12 has a recess 11 which extends in the rear region 4 and revolves around the central axis M. This depression is seen on both sides with respect to the central axis M bounded by elevations 13.
• These elevations 13 essentially define the outside diameter DH of the rear region 4. In other words, it can also be said that the depression 11 is bounded on both sides by the rear region 4.
• the recess 11 has a diameter DV, which is smaller than the diameter DH of the rear region 4.
• One of the two elevations 13 comes in The inner space 28 of the cartridge case 6 to lie and the other of the two elevations 13 is outside the cartridge case 6. Both surveys border vorzugswiese directly to the receiving portion 27 at. In other words, it can also be said that the holding section 12 is bounded by two projections 13 surrounding the projectile 1 and extending outwards from the diameter of the rear region 4.
• the holding portion 12 may be bounded by a single elevation 13 surrounding the projectile 1 and extending outwardly from the diameter of the rear portion 4. This is the elevation 13 in the region of the end of the projectile 5. This means that the elevation 13 between the rear region 4 and the front region 2 would be dispensed with in this embodiment.
• the diameter DV of the region which projects into the receiving section 17 of the cartridge case 6 is smaller than that which extends from the receiving section 17 along the central axis M into the cartridge case 6.
• the latter part is the section with the diameter DH which is close to the projectile end 5.
• the diameter DV is thus smaller than the diameter DH.
• the projectile core 7 is preferably arranged in the weft direction in the front region of the projectile 1.
• the projectile core 7 is thus preferably arranged in the front region 2 and at most partially extends into the rear region 4. This is a particularly good arrangement with respect to the ballistic properties at a short distance.
• the projectile core 7 can also extend further into the rear region 4, whereby the ballistic properties can be changed.
• the projectile core 7 between the projectile tip 2 and the projectile end 5 in the middle.
• the projectile core 7, viewed in the weft direction or in the direction of the central axis M, has a length which is smaller by a factor in the range from 2 to 5, in particular in the range from 2.5 to 4.5, than the total length of the projectile 1 from the projectile tip 2 seen until projectile end 5.
• the projectile core 1 further has a diameter D, which is smaller by a factor in the range of 1.1 to 1.8, in particular by a factor in the range 1.2 to 1.6 than the nominal diameter DN of the projectile.
• the nominal diameter DN of the projectile is to be understood in the present context as the diameter of the front region 2.
• the diameter DH in the rear region 4 is greater than the diameter DN in the front region 2.
• the diameter DN ie the nominal diameter, corresponds essentially to the diameter of the barrel with which the projectile 1 is to be used accordingly.
• the enlargement of the rear diameter DH has the advantage that the plastic sheath in this area is slightly compressed the passage of the barrel and the mecanicsterrorismil 1 is set by the Laufman accordingly in rotation.
• the projectile has a nominal diameter DN in the range of 4 to 10 mm.
• the profile 1 has, in sections, a larger diameter DH than the defined nominal diameter DN of the projectile 1.
• the diameter DH is particularly preferred by a factor in the range of 1.05 to 1.1 greater than the nominal diameter DN.
• the projectile core 7 is preferably made of a metal or a metal alloy selected from steel and / or non-ferrous metals.
• the sheath is preferably made of a plastic selected from a thermoplastic or an elastomer or a plastic mixture selected from a thermoplastic and / or an elastomer.
• the materials mentioned are particularly environmentally friendly materials. Most preferably, all parts are free of heavy metals.
• the cartridge case 6 has a sleeve member 15 and a cartridge with the base 15 in communication with the bottom 16.
• the sleeve member 15 is made of plastic and the cartridge bottom 16 made of metal.
• the projectile 1 is connected via a positive connection and / or a frictional connection with a receiving portion 17 of the sleeve part 15 in connection.
• the projectile 1 is held in the sleeve part 15 via a positive connection and / or a force fit in a receiving section 17 of the sleeve part 15.
• the cartridge bottom 16 is held in the sleeve part 15 via a positive connection, material connection and / or a force fit.
• sleeve part 15 and cartridge base 16 have a latching structure 21.
• the latching structure 21 in this case comprises a plurality of circumferentially extending grooves 22 on the sleeve part 15 and elevations 23 on the cartridge bottom 16. Elevations 23 engage in the depressions 22 and thus hold the cartridge bottom 16 on the sleeve part 15.
• the structure of the elevations 23 and depressions 22 is chosen so that a force is transmitted against the weft direction on the cartridge bottom on the sleeve part 15 so that after firing the cartridge case 6 can be pulled out of the chamber of the weapon.
• At least one mating consisting of elevation 23 and recess 22 in this case have a substantially perpendicular to the central axis M extending contact surface 30.
• a corresponding force from the cartridge bottom 16 can be transferred to the sleeve member 15 during the process of extraction.
• two contact surfaces 30 are provided.
• the contact surfaces 30 are spaced apart in the direction of the central axis M and run as annular surfaces around the central axis M around.
• the cartridge base 16 is preferably made of a metallic material or plastic and also has a receptacle 25 for a primer on.
• the receiving portion 17, in which the projectile 1 is held preferably has a diameter DI, which is smaller than the outer diameter DN of the projectile in the rear region 4, which protrudes into said receiving portion 17.
• This non-positive clamping connection is additionally or alternatively provided to the above-described form-fitting connection by elevation 13 or recess 11. It can therefore be said that on the one hand the projectile 1 is held via a clamping connection and / or on the other hand via the elevation 13 in the receiving portion 17th is secured.
• Survey 13 and / or enlarged outside diameter DV in the rear region 4 provide resistance to the ignition of the propellant in the cartridge case 6, so that a corresponding pressure can build up before the projectile 1 disengages from the cartridge case 6.
• the receiving portion 17 seen in the weft direction has a length which substantially corresponds to the length of the holding portion 12.
• the cartridge case 8, in particular the sleeve part 15 is made of a plastic, in particular a thermoplastic or an elastomer, or a plastic mixture of a thermoplastic and / or an elastomer.
• a plastic in particular a thermoplastic or an elastomer, or a plastic mixture of a thermoplastic and / or an elastomer.
• the cylindrical gate 27 preferably extends with a constant outside diameter and a constant inside diameter, so that the sleeve part 15 has a constant wall thickness in this area.
• the wall thickness is chosen slightly larger, so that here the interior 28 tapers conically along the central axis M in the direction of the cartridge bottom 16.
• This training has the advantage that a greater resistance in the Operation of the ignition can be provided.
• the corresponding amplification area bears the reference numeral 29.
• the projectile core is inserted into an injection molding machine and then encapsulated by the casing, whereby the mecanicsterrorismil can be produced.
• the projectile core may also include an opening into which the projectile core is inserted or filled during manufacture. The latter is particularly advantageous when the projectile core is powdery.
• the cartridge case can be made equally, first the cartridge bottom is inserted into the injection molding machine and then the sleeve part is molded. Alternatively, the cartridge bottom can also be pressed into the cartridge case.
• the ceremoniessterrorismil and the cartridge case can also be sprayed together, wherein the receiving portion 17 is formed between doctorssterrorismil and cartridge case as a zone with weakened material cross-section.
• the cartridge case is filled with a propellant, such as ignition powder prior to assembly of the projectile or before mounting the cartridge base.
• a propellant such as ignition powder prior to assembly of the projectile or before mounting the cartridge base.
• a primer is inserted into the receptacle 25.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
• Toys (AREA)
• Mechanical Pencils And Projecting And Retracting Systems Therefor, And Multi-System Writing Instruments (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-06-04 NO NO13726546A patent/NO2859299T3/no unknown
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  • 2013-06-04 EP EP13726546.8A patent/EP2859299B1/de active Active
  • 2013-06-04 US US14/405,723 patent/US20160131463A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2013-06-04 CN CN201380029897.4A patent/CN104380031A/zh active Pending
  • 2013-06-04 HU HUE13726546A patent/HUE038464T2/hu unknown
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