WO2013153635A1 - トレーニング装置 - Google Patents
トレーニング装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013153635A1 WO2013153635A1 PCT/JP2012/059903 JP2012059903W WO2013153635A1 WO 2013153635 A1 WO2013153635 A1 WO 2013153635A1 JP 2012059903 W JP2012059903 W JP 2012059903W WO 2013153635 A1 WO2013153635 A1 WO 2013153635A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
- A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
- A63B23/04—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs
- A63B23/0405—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs involving a bending of the knee and hip joints simultaneously
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0003—Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0087—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of groups A63B21/00 - A63B23/00, e.g. controlling load
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0003—Analysing the course of a movement or motion sequences during an exercise or trainings sequence, e.g. swing for golf or tennis
- A63B24/0006—Computerised comparison for qualitative assessment of motion sequences or the course of a movement
- A63B2024/0012—Comparing movements or motion sequences with a registered reference
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0062—Monitoring athletic performances, e.g. for determining the work of a user on an exercise apparatus, the completed jogging or cycling distance
- A63B2024/0068—Comparison to target or threshold, previous performance or not real time comparison to other individuals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B24/00—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of preceding groups; Controlling or monitoring of exercises, sportive games, training or athletic performances
- A63B24/0087—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of groups A63B21/00 - A63B23/00, e.g. controlling load
- A63B2024/0093—Electric or electronic controls for exercising apparatus of groups A63B21/00 - A63B23/00, e.g. controlling load the load of the exercise apparatus being controlled by performance parameters, e.g. distance or speed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/06—User-manipulated weights
- A63B21/062—User-manipulated weights including guide for vertical or non-vertical weights or array of weights to move against gravity forces
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
- A63B21/06—User-manipulated weights
- A63B21/062—User-manipulated weights including guide for vertical or non-vertical weights or array of weights to move against gravity forces
- A63B21/0626—User-manipulated weights including guide for vertical or non-vertical weights or array of weights to move against gravity forces with substantially vertical guiding means
- A63B21/0628—User-manipulated weights including guide for vertical or non-vertical weights or array of weights to move against gravity forces with substantially vertical guiding means for vertical array of weights
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/10—Positions
- A63B2220/13—Relative positions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/17—Counting, e.g. counting periodical movements, revolutions or cycles, or including further data processing to determine distances or speed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/30—Speed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/40—Acceleration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
- A63B2220/803—Motion sensors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
- A63B2220/805—Optical or opto-electronic sensors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B2220/00—Measuring of physical parameters relating to sporting activity
- A63B2220/80—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor
- A63B2220/83—Special sensors, transducers or devices therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
- A63B2220/836—Sensors arranged on the body of the user
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
- G16H20/30—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to physical therapies or activities, e.g. physiotherapy, acupressure or exercising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H40/00—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices
- G16H40/60—ICT specially adapted for the management or administration of healthcare resources or facilities; ICT specially adapted for the management or operation of medical equipment or devices for the operation of medical equipment or devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a training apparatus.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-143266 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-328926 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-45236 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-67319
- training includes various training such as rehabilitation for elderly people or after illness.
- training for achieving various purposes is performed in various scenes including muscle strength training for healthy persons and athletes, prevention of care for the elderly or rehabilitation after illness.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a training apparatus having a function of evaluating an appropriate degree of load.
- the training device includes a training machine, detection means, and calculation means.
- the training machine includes a displacement unit that is displaced according to a training operation and a load generation unit that applies a load to a training person during the training operation.
- the detection means detects the displacement of the displacement part.
- the calculation means acquires at least one unique value of a waveform corresponding to one unit of the training operation included in the displacement detected by the detection unit on the time axis for each of a plurality of waveforms, At least one of a variation, a tendency of change, and a deviation from a predetermined value is evaluated.
- the calculation means executes at least one of control of the load generation unit, calculation of a load value set in the load generation unit, and notification of the evaluation result according to the evaluation.
- the calculating means includes a peak point specifying means and a calculating means.
- the peak point specifying means specifies, as the unique value, a peak point that is a point at which the displacement coordinate component has a maximum value for each of the plurality of waveforms.
- the calculating means is based on at least one of a magnitude of variation of the plurality of peak points as seen in displacement coordinates, a tendency of increase / decrease of the plurality of peak points, and a difference from a predetermined displacement of the plurality of peak points.
- the load generation unit is controlled or a load value to be set by the load generation unit is calculated.
- the training apparatus further includes unit waveform evaluation means.
- the unit waveform evaluation unit is configured to control the load generation unit by the calculation unit or calculate the calculation unit based on the shape of one waveform for one unit of the training operation included in the displacement detected by the detection unit.
- the load value to be set by the load generation unit is calculated.
- the calculation means controls the load generation section by adding the control contents or load value contents by the unit waveform evaluation means to the control contents or load value contents by the calculation means, or controls the load generation section. Means for calculating the load value to be set.
- the unit waveform evaluation means includes symmetry determination means and pattern determination means.
- the symmetry determining means determines whether or not the symmetry of the one waveform is lower than a predetermined degree.
- the pattern determination unit determines whether the waveform with low symmetry matches a predetermined pattern or approximates by a predetermined degree or more.
- the training apparatus further includes output means for outputting a predetermined signal when the waveform having low symmetry matches the predetermined pattern or approximates a predetermined degree or more.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a system configuration of the training apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 also shows a user 2 who is performing training.
- the training device 10 according to the present embodiment includes a strength training machine 12.
- the strength training machine 12 can perform a so-called leg press, and includes a movable portion 16 to which the user 2 fixes a leg during the leg press.
- the leg press is an exercise that stretches the knee, strengthens the muscular strength of the entire lower limb, and can improve the muscular strength necessary for basic operations such as standing up, walking, and sitting.
- the training device 10 includes a computing device 20.
- the arithmetic device 20 includes a CPU (central processing unit), a memory device such as a ROM and a RAM, and an input / output interface that performs signal input / output with each device.
- the computing device 20 can execute an exercise condition analysis computing program stored in advance in the storage device 26.
- the arithmetic unit 20 receives a signal from the exercise state detector 22, executes the exercise state analysis calculation program in cooperation with the storage device 26, and stores the analysis result of the exercise state at a predetermined address in the storage device 26. Can be stored in the form of
- the storage device 26 may include a mass storage device such as an HDD.
- the exercise status detector 22 detects the status of the training operation of the user 2 when the user 2 is training in the strength training machine 12. Specifically, an encoder 22 a for detecting the position of the movable portion 16 is attached to the strength training machine 12. The encoder 22a emits an output signal indicating a value that increases in proportion to the position of the movable portion 16. The output signal of the encoder 22a is supplied to the encoder signal detector 22b.
- the encoder signal detector 22b includes a sampling circuit that samples the output signal of the encoder 22a. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the output signal is captured at a cycle of 50 milliseconds.
- the encoder signal detector 22b stores a function in which the output signal is associated with the distance, and the distance L can be calculated according to this function. In this way, the motion status detector 22 receives the electrical signal from the encoder 22a and provides information related to the movement of the movable portion 16 (position, displacement, displacement speed, etc. with respect to the horizontal direction in FIG. 1). Can be detected.
- the exercise state detector 22 may use a configuration according to the exercise state detection device for a strength training machine described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-67319.
- the exercise load changing device 28 functions as a load generation unit for adjusting the load of the leg press operation in the strength training machine 12 (specifically, the load that hinders the displacement of the movable unit 16 during training).
- a plurality of weights 29 are mounted on the exercise load changing device 28 as load weights (a plurality of the same load weights may be provided, or a predetermined number of load weights having different weights may be provided).
- the weight 29 is connected to the movable portion 16. As a result of this connection, a load corresponding to the weight of the weight 29 set at the present time is applied to the movable portion 16 and becomes a load of the leg press operation.
- the exercise load changing device 28 has a plurality of loads according to a load weight selection pattern predetermined according to the magnitude of the instructed load so as to realize the load specified by the control signal from the arithmetic unit 20. Combine weights.
- the exercise load changing device 28 may be equipped with a configuration relating to the muscle force training load applying device described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-45236.
- the device for generating the load is not necessarily limited to a mechanical mechanism such as adjusting the weight.
- a load may be applied to the movable portion 16 using a device that generates a resistance force using various physical principles such as hydraulic, electromagnetic, and the like.
- the training device 10 includes an input unit 30 and a display unit 32.
- the input unit 30 is connected to the arithmetic device 20.
- the display unit 32 is a display device configured by a liquid crystal panel or the like, and outputs an exercise state analysis result in the arithmetic device 20.
- the display unit 32 and the input unit 30 may be integrally configured as a touch panel display or the like.
- [Basic analysis data] 2 to 13 are diagrams for explaining a load control technique based on an exercise state according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the training device 10 according to the present embodiment is a device for performing a leg press.
- the user 2 of the training apparatus 10 repeats one unit operation of extending and contracting the legs.
- the value of the output signal of the encoder 22a increases for a certain period and then decreases.
- FIG. 2 illustrates this on a two-dimensional plane of distance L and time t.
- a triangular waveform is drawn as an ideal form, but since it is a human action, it becomes a curved waveform in which the symmetry is actually lost to some extent.
- the leg press operation of the user 2 as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3
- a waveform of returning is drawn.
- the reciprocating operation one unit of leg press, a time T 1 the period of increasing the distance L by extending the legs, the time T 2 the period during which the distance L is reduced by shortening the leg.
- the reciprocating motion of the leg press is performed over 4 seconds for the forward path (stretching) and for 4 seconds for the backward path (shrinking).
- the maximum value of each triangular waveform is referred to as vertex P
- the vertex of the first reciprocating motion is referred to as P1
- the vertex of the second reciprocating motion is referred to as P2,...
- the vertex of the nth reciprocating motion is also referred to as Pn.
- n is a positive integer.
- the training device 10 can determine whether or not the current load by the weight 29 is appropriate by causing the arithmetic device 20 to execute the following processing (1) and processing (2).
- the contents of each process are stored in the storage device 26 as a program.
- the process (1) is a process of determining the validity of the load based on the relationship between the plurality of vertices P.
- Process (2) is a process for determining the validity of the load based on the symmetry of one waveform.
- predetermined values are used for evaluation in the analysis methods and calculation processes (determination processes) described below. As this predetermined value, a different value is usually used for each analysis method and for each process, but it may be shared among a plurality of analysis methods and processes if possible.
- FIG. 4 and the like are diagrams for explaining the processing contents of the load validity determination processing executed by the arithmetic device 20 in the present embodiment.
- the validity of the load is determined based on the positional relationship between the vertices using a predetermined number of vertices P1, P2,. Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 and the like, the positional relationship between the vertices of each of the six waveforms is used for the determination.
- the extraction of the vertex P can be performed by monitoring the output of the encoder 22a. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the increase and decrease of the distance L are switched between the forward path and the return path, so that the switching point can be extracted as the vertex P.
- the vertex P is a turn-back position of the reciprocating motion on the axis of the distance L.
- six vertices P are used for the analysis, but the number of vertices P used for the analysis may be two or more, or may be more than six.
- the variation of the plurality of vertices P is analyzed. That is, the variation of the folding position on the axis of the distance L is analyzed.
- the evaluation of the variation may be performed based on the average deviation, for example. It is considered that the load is more appropriate as the variation of the vertex P (variation of the folding position) is smaller, that is, the value of the distance axis direction component of the vertex P is the same. Further, it may be determined that the load is more appropriate as the set predetermined folding position L1 and the position of the vertex P are closer.
- the folding position (distance direction component of the vertex P) of a plurality of times is almost horizontal, and any vertex P is close to the set folding position (distance L1). Therefore, in the case of FIG. 4, it is determined that the load is appropriate, and the load is not changed.
- FIG. 6 when the turn-back positions (vertices P) are irregular and scattered, it is determined that the load is heavy, and the load is reduced at the next training start. Specifically, when the average deviation is larger than a predetermined value, it is determined that the load is heavy as shown in FIG.
- a straight line, a broken line, or a curve created to show the entire plurality of vertices P is also referred to as a “peak line”.
- the peak line is a line created by connecting a plurality of vertices P.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and may be a line created by applying the least square method to a plurality of vertices P, or a line created by fitting a plurality of vertices P with straight lines or curves. There may be.
- the folding position (distance direction component of the apex P) gradually increases with time, and the peak line has an upward slope. Moreover, it finally reaches the predetermined folding position (L1). Although it cannot be said that an appropriate training operation is performed in such a pattern, it is difficult to identify the cause of the pattern, so the load is not changed at this time.
- the determination as to whether or not the case of FIG. 5 is applicable may be made by determining whether the slope of the peak line indicates an increase (positive value) or whether the slope is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.
- the folding position (distance direction component of the vertex P) gradually decreases with time, and the peak line has a downward slope.
- the current load is not appropriate for the user 2 and is heavy. Therefore, the load is reduced at the start of training after the next time.
- the determination as to whether or not the case of FIG. 7 is applicable is based on whether the slope of the peak line is decreasing (negative value) or whether the negative value is below a predetermined value. That's fine.
- the turning position (distance direction component of the vertex P) initially has a rising tone, and the peak line has a mountain shape. This is considered to be due to the fact that the user 2 is fatigued due to overload, and therefore, it is determined that the load is heavy. Therefore, the load is reduced at the start of training after the next time. Whether or not the case of FIG. 8 is applicable is determined by determining whether or not the slope of the peak line has both an increase (positive value) and a decrease (negative value). What is necessary is just to determine whether the absolute value of an absolute value and a negative value is more than predetermined value, respectively.
- FIG. 9 shows a state in which the entire stroke is detected to be short due to a setting error of the distance L1 or the like. In this case, since evaluation based on the distance L1 cannot be performed, this L1 is reset (set to a smaller value in FIG. 9). Do not change the load. Whether or not the case of FIG. 9 is applicable may be determined by determining whether or not the average distance between the peak line and the distance L1 is greater than a predetermined value.
- the validity of the load may be determined by obtaining an “average stroke value” and comparing it with a predetermined value. Further, the “difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the folding position (that is, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the vertex P)” is compared with a predetermined value. You may judge that it is appropriate. Further, between a plurality of triangular waveforms, especially between two adjacent triangular waveforms, the “difference of vertex P and the magnitude of the difference” are compared with a predetermined amount, and the smaller the difference between two vertexes P is, the smaller the difference is. It may be determined that the load is reasonable.
- the magnitude of the slope of the peak line may be compared with a predetermined slope, and it may be determined that the load is more appropriate as the slope is smaller. You may compare "the magnitude
- the analysis result obtained by the above analysis method may be calculated as a “validity parameter” for quantitatively expressing the validity of the load.
- a “validity parameter” for quantitatively expressing the validity of the load.
- processing for comparing with a predetermined value is described, but a difference from the predetermined value is calculated, and the calculation of the difference and the validity parameter is a predetermined rule (for example, proportional relationship). You may follow.
- the value of the validity parameter may be calculated larger as the variation value is smaller.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the validity evaluation of the load according to the exercise time performed by the training device 10 in the present embodiment.
- the leg press is a reciprocating motion of 4 seconds in the forward path and 4 seconds in the backward path.
- the forward path is 2 seconds, which is shorter by 2 seconds than the assumed 4 seconds.
- the forward path is 7 seconds, which is about 3 seconds longer than the assumed 4 seconds.
- the analysis may be performed based on the temporal relationship between the forward path and the return path.
- the arithmetic unit 20 may execute the exercise time determination process.
- This exercise time determination process is a process for comparing the forward time and the return time with the reference time, and determining that the load is not appropriate as the deviation from the reference time increases.
- the calculation program for the exercise time determination process is stored in the storage device 26 in advance.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of the validity evaluation of the load according to the exercise time performed by the training apparatus 10 in the present embodiment.
- the exercise speed of the training operation is used as a determination element for load validity evaluation.
- it is determined that the load is more appropriate as the change in the exercise speed during the training operation is smaller.
- the training operation is performed at different speeds (namely, distance / time) of speeds V1, V2, and V3.
- the speed is constant in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3
- the slope is constant in the forward path and the return path.
- the arithmetic unit 20 may execute a speed determination process.
- This speed determination process calculates a speed from the relationship between distance and time, and when different speeds such as speeds V1, V2, and V3 are calculated, the difference in the magnitudes of these speeds is within a predetermined value range. If there is, it is a process of determining that the load is appropriate.
- a calculation program for speed determination processing is stored in the storage device 26 in advance.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of the validity evaluation of the load according to the exercise time performed by the training apparatus 10 in the present embodiment.
- the smoothness degree (degree of smoothness) of the training operation is used as a determination element for load validity evaluation.
- it is determined that the load is more appropriate as the degree of smoothness during the training operation is higher.
- the waveform shown in FIG. 12 has a low degree of smoothness.
- the waveforms are linear, and the smoothness is high in the forward path and the return path.
- the arithmetic unit 20 may execute a smooth determination process.
- various known calculation programs for quantitatively evaluating the magnitude of the smoothness of the waveform are executed, and if the calculated smoothness is within a predetermined value range, the load is said to be appropriate.
- This is a process for making a determination. For example, it may be determined whether or not the magnitude (for example, the average value) of the deviation between the smooth reference line and each vertex of the actually detected unevenness of the step is smaller than a predetermined value.
- a calculation program for the smooth determination process is stored in the storage device 26 in advance.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of the validity evaluation of the load according to the exercise time performed by the training apparatus 10 in the present embodiment.
- the symmetry of the waveform of one unit of the training operation is used as a judgment element for evaluating the load validity.
- the waveform shown in FIG. 13 is less symmetric than the waveforms shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG.
- the triangular waveform is completely axisymmetric, and is an isosceles triangle in which the slopes of the forward path and the backward path coincide with each other.
- the waveform shown in FIG. 13 is asymmetric between the forward path portion and the backward path portion.
- the arithmetic unit 20 may execute a symmetry determination process.
- This symmetry determination process includes a calculation process of comparing the forward path portion and the return path portion of the waveform to calculate the deviation amount thereof, and the determination that the symmetry is higher as the deviation amount is smaller, for example, the deviation amount is This is a process for determining that the load is appropriate if it is within the predetermined value range.
- a calculation program for symmetry determination processing is stored in the storage device 26 in advance.
- the load value is maintained at a constant value.
- a majority vote or an appropriate weighting may be performed to finally obtain a conclusion as to whether or not the load is appropriate.
- the final load adjustment amount is calculated according to, for example, majority decision, average value, weighting, etc. What is necessary is just to make the arithmetic unit 20 perform the process to calculate. Further, the validity parameter of the load may be calculated similarly.
- the determination result is used for load control of the actual exercise load changing device 28.
- the load may be automatically changed (increased or decreased according to a predetermined rule) when the load is set at the start of the next training.
- a mode in which the load is automatically changed is also referred to as “load automatic control mode”.
- the arithmetic unit 20 calculates the subsequent load so as to reduce the subsequent load. Conversely, if it is determined that the current load is not appropriate and it is determined that the current load is light, the arithmetic unit 20 calculates the subsequent load so as to increase the subsequent load. .
- the load change amount or target value may be determined by setting a fixed amount for each increase or decrease, or by calculating so as to be proportional to the value of the validity parameter. Good.
- the arithmetic unit 20 executes an adjustment process for obtaining a final conclusion by majority decision or weighting. May be.
- the training device 10 does not have to automatically adjust the load. That is, as a mode of using the analysis result obtained by the above analysis method, the analysis result may be displayed only on the display unit 32, or the load setting value calculation process as a candidate to be set as a load may be performed. It may be reflected only.
- the user 2 By displaying the analysis results, it is up to the trainer and the user 2 themselves to decide what measures to take on the analysis results, for example, to determine whether to maintain, increase, or reduce the load. Also good. Further, whether or not to use the load setting value calculated as a candidate may be left arbitrarily to the user 2.
- the user 2 may input from the input unit 30 whether or not to accept a load setting value (load change) based on the determination result. This is a kind of questionnaire.
- the analysis result may be displayed on the display unit 32 with, for example, “appropriate”, “tight”, and “easy”.
- the arithmetic unit 20 determines “appropriate” when it is determined that the load is appropriate, “tight” when it is determined that the load should be reduced, and “easy” when it is determined that the load should be increased. And the process displayed on the display part 32 is performed respectively.
- the training device 10 operates in the “load automatic adjustment mode” or the “questionnaire mode” may be switched by manual switching or automatic switching. Even in the automatic load adjustment mode, displaying the analysis result is not hindered.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a routine executed by the arithmetic device 20 of the training device 10 in the embodiment of the present invention.
- the arithmetic unit 20 executes a process for determining whether or not the current training is the first time (step S100).
- a process for storing a training history by storing a table in the storage device 26 is stored in advance, and in step S100, a process for determining whether there is a past training history in the table is executed. Good. If there is no training history, it is determined to be the first time.
- the training history may include training date and time, user 2 ID, training content (load value, number of leg presses, time, and other content).
- step S100 If it is determined in step S100 that it is the first time, the arithmetic device 20 sends a control signal for combining the weight 29 so as to realize the initial load (predetermined value) to the exercise load changing device 28.
- the process to give is performed (step S102).
- step S120 If it is determined in step S100 that it is not the first time, the arithmetic unit 20 executes processing for referring to the previous analysis result (step S120).
- an “analysis result storage area” for storing the previous analysis result is provided in the storage device 26.
- the arithmetic unit 20 refers to the analysis result storage area in this step. In the analysis result storage area, the result of the exercise information analysis process in step S112 described later is stored.
- the arithmetic unit 20 executes a process of determining whether or not a load change is necessary from the previous analysis result (step S122).
- the arithmetic unit 20 refers to the analysis result storage area in step S122.
- the determination result of whether or not the load change is necessary is determined from the processing result of the exercise information analysis process in step S112 described later.
- step S122 If it is determined in step S122 that no load change is necessary, the arithmetic unit 20 exercises the exercise load changing device so as to realize the combination of the weights 29 having the same load as the previous training stored in the training history. The process which gives a control signal to 28 is performed.
- step S122 If it is determined in step S122 that a load change is necessary, the calculation device 20 executes a process of giving a control signal to the exercise load changing device 28 so as to set a load heavier or lighter than the previous time (step S122). S124).
- the arithmetic unit 20 refers to the analysis result storage area in this step. Whether the load is heavier or lighter than the previous time is determined from the processing result of the motion information analysis processing in step S112 described later.
- the computing device 20 executes a process of notifying the user 2 that preparations for starting exercise have been completed (for example, displaying that exercise can be started on the display unit 32), and further executing a process of starting collecting information (step) S104).
- the process of starting information collection is a process of starting sampling of the output signal of the encoder 22a in the motion state detector 22. After step S104, the user 2 starts exercising.
- step S106 the arithmetic unit 20 executes processing for collecting exercise information.
- the output signal of the encoder 22a is captured at a cycle of 50 milliseconds.
- the user 2 performs leg press according to a predetermined training schedule.
- step S108 the arithmetic unit 20 executes a process for determining whether or not the exercise has ended.
- this step for example, whether or not there has been an exercise end operation from the input unit 30, and if there is input information about the current training schedule, the number of exercises to date has reached the number of leg press reciprocation operations based on the input information. A determination is made as to whether or not. If it is determined that the exercise is not finished, the process loops to step S106, and the continuous data acquisition of a short cycle is continued.
- step S110 If it is determined in step S108 that the exercise has ended, the arithmetic unit 20 executes a process of ending information collection (step S110).
- the arithmetic unit 20 executes processing for performing motion information analysis (step S112).
- the arithmetic unit 20 described in the above-mentioned “determination and control operation of the apparatus of the embodiment” (1) a process of determining the appropriateness of the load based on the relationship between the vertices P, and (2) A process for determining the validity of the load based on the symmetry of one waveform or the like is executed.
- the information on whether or not the load change is necessary, and the information on whether the load is heavier or lighter than the previous load if the load change is necessary, It is stored in the “analysis result storage area”.
- step S114 the arithmetic unit 20 executes a result output process.
- the arithmetic unit 20 displays characters such as “appropriate”, “tight”, and “easy” on the display unit 32 according to the analysis result in step S112.
- step S116 the computing device 20 executes processing for determining and storing the next load (step S116).
- the next load based on the analysis result in step S112, it is determined whether or not the next load is to be the same as the content stored in the “analysis result storage area”.
- the analysis result in step S112 is reflected as it is.
- a process for prompting information input to the input unit 30 (for example, a process of displaying “waiting for questionnaire input” or the like on the display unit 32) may be executed in step S114.
- the final next load may be determined based on the input operation. That is, even if “tight” or “easy” is displayed on the display unit 32, if “appropriate” is input to the input unit 30, the next load is set to be the same as the current load. You may make it do. Thereafter, the current routine ends.
- FIG. 13 shows a type when the load is not appropriate
- the waveform shown in FIG. 13 is a typical waveform obtained when the user 2 has nervous system damage or the like.
- the waveform shown in FIG. 13 first increases at a speed V1, then increases rapidly at a speed V2 (where V1 ⁇ V2), and further increases slowly at a speed V3 (where V3 ⁇ V2). Thereafter, it decreases at a speed V4 (however, the absolute value of V4 is larger than the absolute value of V3), and then decreases more rapidly at a speed V5 (however, the absolute value of V5 is larger than the absolute value of V4).
- the waveform of the return path portion has a sharp pointed shape toward the upper side of the drawing.
- the arithmetic unit 20 may further determine whether or not the waveform matches (or significantly approximates) a predetermined pattern as shown in FIG. Good. When they coincide (or significantly approximate), an analysis result that an abnormality such as a nervous system is suspected may be indicated. Or you may show the analysis result that abnormality may have occurred in training by factors other than load.
- the arithmetic device 20 may execute at least one of the following processes (A), (B), and (C).
- Process (A) is a process for determining whether or not the relationship of V1 to V6 is satisfied.
- the process (B) is a process for determining whether or not the relationship between the areas S1 and S2 is satisfied.
- the process (C) is a process for performing fitting with a waveform of a nervous system abnormal user acquired in advance and determining whether the degree of approximation (matching degree) is equal to or greater than a predetermined percentage.
- the arithmetic unit 20 executes a process of notifying or displaying the “specific abnormality output value” indicating that the training abnormality has occurred due to a factor other than the load on the display unit 32 or the like. You may perform the process recorded on the training history table in the apparatus 26.
- FIG. 1 A block diagram illustrating an exemplary computing environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
- the training device includes a strength training machine 12, an exercise condition detector 22, a computing device 20, and a storage device 26. Then, when a waveform with low symmetry is calculated, the arithmetic unit 20 further determines whether or not the comparison of symmetry matches (or significantly approximates) a predetermined pattern as shown in FIG. Execute the process.
- an output signal indicating an analysis result that an abnormality such as a nervous system is suspected or an analysis result that an abnormality may occur in training due to a factor other than a load is issued. .
- display on the display unit 32 or external notification may be performed.
- a load change stop process is performed in which the load is not changed regardless of the analysis result of the load. You may implement.
- the determination process determination process for nervous system abnormality etc. for determining “inappropriate operation caused by load” and “nervous system abnormality” is described.
- the above-described determination processing may be provided as determination processing (muscle abnormality determination processing) for determining the presence / absence of abnormality of these muscles, bones, and joints.
- the vertices P1, P2,... Pn having the maximum displacement coordinate component are specified for each of a plurality of waveforms obtained from the output signal of the encoder 22a.
- the validity of the load was analyzed using the values of the plurality of vertices P.
- the present invention is not limited to the form using the vertex P.
- At least one “unique value” of a waveform for one unit of training operation on the time axis is acquired for each of the plurality of waveforms, and the obtained unique values vary, tend to change, and deviate from a predetermined value. At least one of them can be evaluated.
- This unique value is, for example, a parameter representing the integrated value (area) of each waveform, the length of one waveform, the rising angle of the waveform, the inner angle at the position of the apex P of the waveform, the waveform shape obtained by fitting, etc. It may be.
- These unique values are the correlation with the axial position (turning position, stroke) of the distance L and the time taken for one round of the training operation (that is, the total time of T1 and T2, and the length of the bottom of the triangular waveform) A). Therefore, these unique values can also be used as an index indicating the variation in the folding position, the increase / decrease tendency, and the like, similarly to the vertex P. Using these unique values, the relationship (variation or tendency) between the waveforms for one unit of each training operation may be evaluated to determine the validity of the load.
- the leg press is selected as the training operation performed by the training device 10.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the present invention can also be applied to a training apparatus for performing various training operations such as hip abduction, rowing, and leg extension.
- the present invention is also applied to a training apparatus for performing various exercises for strengthening muscle strength of the upper body and training for regularly moving various parts of the upper body and lower body such as arms, shoulders, elbows, wrists, fingers, etc. in rehabilitation of limb movements. be able to.
- the waveform drawn on the two-dimensional plane of the position (distance from the start point) and time is determined according to the position of the movable portion 16. Analysis and analysis based on one waveform were performed. For a simple reciprocating motion such as a leg press, it is sufficient to determine one axis in the distance direction.
- the present invention is not necessarily limited to a simple one-dimensional reciprocating motion (movement of only the X axis) such as a leg press. Even if two-dimensional or three-dimensional movement is performed, an orthogonal coordinate axis such as an X axis, a Y axis, or a Z axis is selected as an independent coordinate system, and a plurality of similar coordinates are used on each axis as in the embodiment. Analysis based on the vertex P or analysis based on one waveform may be performed. In addition, it may include not only a linear reciprocating motion but also a curvilinear reciprocating motion, and may be a training operation such as repetitively rotating at a predetermined angle. Even in such a case, the waveform shown in FIG. 2 and the like can be extracted by taking the displacement (operating distance) on the vertical axis and the time on the horizontal axis.
- the calculation device 20 the training device 10
- the exercise state detector 22 the storage device 26, and the exercise load changing device 28 shown in FIG. What is necessary is just to implement
- the exercise state may be detected by detecting a displacement of a portion (displacement portion) that is displaced during training in the strength training machine 12, or by a training person (user 2) corresponding to the training operation. You may detect the displacement of a training object site
- the configuration of the sensor for detecting the user's training operation is not limited to the encoder 22a.
- Various sensing techniques for detecting position, displacement, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, angular acceleration and other physical quantities as electrical, mechanical and other physical information may be used.
- the acceleration of the training operation may be detected using an acceleration sensor.
- an acceleration sensor can be used for smooth determination, symmetry determination, and the like.
- an acceleration sensor may be attached to a body part (an arm, a shoulder, an elbow, a wrist, a finger, or other various parts of the upper body and lower body) that is displaced according to a training operation, and acceleration may be measured.
- a trajectory regarding the displacement of the training operation (specifically, a two-dimensional trajectory, that is, a trajectory on a plane, a three-dimensional trajectory, that is, a trajectory in a three-dimensional space), for example, using various sensors such as a motion sensor. It may be detected by conventional sensing technology. By comparing these detection data with predetermined reference data (reference value or reference pattern), the actual training operation and the predetermined operation (operation planned at the present stage, or standard or ideal operation) The magnitude of the difference (difference) between the two may be calculated, and the calculation result may be used for load control.
- predetermined reference data reference data
- the actual training operation and the predetermined operation operation planned at the present stage, or standard or ideal operation
- the magnitude of the difference (difference) between the two may be calculated, and the calculation result may be used for load control.
- control processing, arithmetic processing, determination processing, and other processing described in the present embodiment may be provided by being stored in a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or other program storage medium. Further, it may be distributed as a single program.
- control, analysis method, and processing content performed in the above embodiment may be implemented as the invention of “training method”.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1にかかるトレーニング装置のシステム構成を示す図である。図1には、トレーニングを実施しているユーザ2も併せて示している。本実施形態にかかるトレーニング装置10は、筋力トレーニング機12を備えている。筋力トレーニング機12は、いわゆるレッグプレスを行うことができ、レッグプレスの際にユーザ2が脚を固定する可動部16を備えている。レッグプレスは、膝を伸ばす運動であり、下肢全体の筋力を強化し、立ち上がる、歩く、座るなどの基本動作に必要な筋力を向上させることができる。
[解析基本データ]
図2乃至図13は、本発明の実施の形態にかかる、運動状況に基づく負荷制御技術について説明するための図である。前述したように、本実施形態にかかるトレーニング装置10はレッグプレスを行うための装置である。
ユーザ2のレッグプレス動作に伴って、図2および図3に示すように、運動開始位置(L=0)から距離Lが一定の最大値まで増加し、その後、減少してもとの値に戻るという波形が描かれる。以下、レッグプレスの往復動作一単位において、脚を伸ばすことで距離Lが増加する期間を時間T1とし、脚を縮めることで距離Lが減少する期間を時間T2とする。本実施の形態では、一例として、往路(伸ばす)に4秒かけ、復路(縮める)に4秒かけてレッグプレスの往復運動を行うことを前提とするものとする。それぞれの三角波形の最大値を頂点Pと称し、1回目の往復運動の頂点をP1、2回目の往復運動の頂点をP2、・・・、n回目の往復運動の頂点をPnとも称す。ただし、nは正の整数である。
処理(1)は、複数の頂点Pの関係に基づいて負荷の妥当性を判定する処理である。
処理(2)は、1つの波形の対称性などに基づいて負荷の妥当性を判定する処理である。
なお、以下に述べる解析方法や演算処理(判定処理)において評価のために「所定値」を用いている。この所定値は解析手法ごとや処理ごとに異なる値を用いることが普通であるが、可能であれば複数の解析手法、処理の間で共用してもよい。
図4乃至9は、本実施の形態において演算装置20が実行する負荷妥当性判定処理の処理内容を説明する為の図である。本実施の形態では、複数の三角波形の頂点P1、P2、・・・Pnのうち所定個数を利用して、それらの頂点の位置関係に基づいて、負荷の妥当性の判定を行う。具体的には、本実施の形態では、図4などにあるとおり6つの波形それぞれの頂点の位置関係を判定に利用する。
頂点Pの抽出は、エンコーダ22aの出力を監視することで行うことができる。すなわち、図2にも示したとおり、往路と復路との間で距離Lの増大と減少とが切り替わるため、その切り替わりの点を頂点Pとして抽出することができる。つまり、頂点Pは、距離Lの軸上における、往復運動の折り返し位置である。
なお、本実施の形態では6つの頂点Pを解析に用いるが、解析に使用する頂点Pの個数は2つ以上であればよく、また6つより多数であってもよい。
(解析方法1)
複数の頂点Pのばらつきを解析する。つまり、距離Lの軸上における折り返し位置のばらつきを解析する。ばらつきの評価は、例えば平均偏差の大きさに基づいて行えばよい。頂点Pのばらつき(折り返し位置のばらつき)が小さいほど、つまり頂点Pの距離軸方向成分の値が同一であるほど、負荷がより妥当であると考えられる。また、設定した所定折り返し位置L1と、頂点Pの位置が近いほど、負荷がより妥当であると判定してもよい。
ここで、複数の頂点P全体を現すために作成した直線、折れ線、曲線を、「ピーク線」とも称す。本実施の形態では、ピーク線は複数の頂点Pの間をつなげて作成した線としている。しかしながら、本発明はこれに限られず、複数の頂点Pに対して最小二乗法などを適用して作成した線でもよく、複数の頂点Pに対して直線あるいは曲線でフィッティングを行って作成した線であっても良い。
図8では、折り返し位置(頂点Pの距離方向成分)が当初上がり調子であったものが途中から下がり調子となっており、ピーク線が山の形状を有している。これは、過負荷によりユーザ2が疲労していることによるものと考えられるため、負荷が重いと判定される。そこで、次回以降のトレーニング開始時には負荷が軽減される。図8のケースに該当するか否かの判定は、ピーク線の傾きが増加(正の値)と減少(負の値)の両方を有しているか否かの判定や、その正の値の絶対値および負の値の絶対値がそれぞれ所定値以上か否かを判定すればよい。
図9は、距離L1の設定間違い等により全体のストロークが短く検出されている状態を示す。この場合は、距離L1に基づく評価はできないので、このL1を再設定(図9であれば、より小さな値に設定)する。負荷の変更はしない。図9のケースに該当するか否かの判定は、ピーク線と距離L1との平均的な距離が所定値以上に大きいか否かを判定すればよい。
上述した解析方法のほか、負荷の妥当性の判断は、「ストロークの平均値」を求めて所定値と比較してもよい。また、「折り返し位置の最大値と最小値との差(つまり、頂点Pの最大値と最小値の差)」を所定値と比較して、その最大値と最小値の差が小さいほど負荷が妥当であると判断してもよい。また、複数の三角波形の間で、特に隣接する2つの三角波形の間で、「頂点Pの差分を取りその差の大きさ」を所定量と比較し、2つの頂点Pの差分が小さいほど負荷が妥当であると判断してもよい。また、「ピーク線の傾きの大きさ」を所定傾きと比較し、この傾きが小さいほど負荷が妥当であると判断してもよい。「折り返し位置からの所定位置に対する差分の大きさ」を所定値と比較してもよい。
本実施の形態では、上記の「複数の頂点Pの関係に基づいて負荷の妥当性を判定する処理」に加えて、下記の処理も付随的に実行するものとする。これにより、上記の「複数の頂点Pの関係に基づいて負荷の妥当性を判定する処理」のみでは判断が難しい場合に最終的な結論を得ることができたり、或いは、より精度良く妥当性の判断を行うことができたりする。
(負荷制御および負荷自動制御モード)
上記の各解析方法によって負荷の妥当性判定を行ったら、その判定結果を、実際の運動負荷変更装置28の負荷制御に利用する。利用の態様としては、負荷が妥当(適正)と判定されたのであれば、同じ負荷でトレーニングを継続し、次回以降も同一負荷でトレーニングを開始してもよい。一方、負荷が妥当ではないと判定されたのであれば、次回以降のトレーニング開始時の負荷設定時に自動的に変更(所定規則に則って増加又は減少)してもよい。自動的に負荷を変更するモードを「負荷自動制御モード」とも称す。
上記の説明では、負荷の値を自動的に調節するという態様を説明した。しかしながら、トレーニング装置10が負荷の自動調節を行わなくともよい。つまり、上記の解析方法で得た解析結果の利用の態様としては、解析結果を表示部32に表示するのみにとどめても良く、或いは、負荷として設定する候補としての負荷設定値の算出処理に反映させるのみとしてもよい。
図14は、本発明の実施の形態においてトレーニング装置10の演算装置20が実行するルーチンのフローチャートである。
負荷自動制御モードであれば、ステップS112の解析結果がそのまま反映される。一方、アンケートモードであれば、ステップS114で入力部30への情報入力を促す処理(例えば表示部32に「アンケート回答入力待ち」等と表示する処理)を実行してもよく、入力部30への入力操作に基づいて最終的な次回の負荷を決定してもよい。つまり、表示部32に「きつい」又は「楽」という表示をしたとしても、入力部30に対して「適正」という入力があった場合には、次回の負荷は今回の負荷と同一に設定されるようにしてもよい。その後、今回のルーチンが終了する。
(神経系異常等との判別処理)
なお、図13は、負荷が妥当ではないという場合の一類型として示したが、図13に示すような波形は、ユーザ2が神経系の損傷等を有している場合に得られる波形として典型的なものの一つである。図13に示す波形は、往路においてまず速度V1で増加し、次に速度V2(但しV1<V2)で急激に増加し、さらに速度V3(但し、V3<V2)で緩やかに増加する。その後、復路において速度V4(但し、V4の絶対値は、V3の絶対値より大きい)で減少し、次いで速度V5(但しV5の絶対値はV4の絶対値よりも大きい)で更に急激に減少し、その後速度V6(但しV6の絶対値はV5の絶対値よりも小さい)で緩やかに減少する。また、往路の波形を積分値(面積S1)は、復路の波形の積分値(面積S2)よりも大きい。また、往路部分の波形と比べて、復路部分の波形は、紙面上方に向かって先細りの尖った形状を有している。
処理(A)は、上記のV1乃至V6の関係に該当するか否かの判定を行う処理である。
処理(B)は、面積S1、S2の関係に該当するか否かの判定を行う処理である。
処理(C)は、予め取得しておいた神経系異常ユーザの波形との間でフィッティングを行いその近似度(マッチング度合い)が所定%以上であるか否かの判定を行う処理である。
別途単独に用いる場合には、そのトレーニング装置は、筋力トレーニング機12と、運動状況検出器22と、演算装置20と、記憶装置26とを備える。そして、演算装置20は、対称性の低い波形が算出された場合には、更に、その対称性の比較が図13に示すような所定パターンと一致(又は有意に近似)するか否かを判定する処理を実行する。一致(又は有意に近似)する場合には、神経系などの異常が疑われるという解析結果又は負荷以外の要因によりトレーニングに異常が発生している可能性があるという解析結果を示す出力信号を発する。その出力信号に基づいて、表示部32への表示を行ったり、外部報知をしたりしてもよく、この場合には、負荷の解析結果にかかわらず負荷変更を行わないという負荷変更停止処理を実施してもよい。
なお、上記の説明では、「負荷に起因する不適当な動作」と「神経系異常」とを判別する判別処理(神経系異常等判別処理)を説明した。ここで、神経系異常の症状は、筋肉の異常(肉離れ等)、骨の異常(疲労骨折等)、関節の異常(関節面のずれ等)に起因して発生することが考えられる。そこで、上述した判別処理は、これらの筋肉、骨、関節についての異常の有無を判定する判定処理(筋肉等異常判定処理)として提供されても良い。
実施の形態では、エンコーダ22aの出力信号から得られる複数の波形のそれぞれについて、変位座標成分が最大値となる頂点P1、P2、・・・Pnを特定することとした。この複数の頂点Pの値を利用して、負荷の妥当性の解析を行った。しかしながら、本発明は、頂点Pを用いる形態のみに限られるものではない。時間軸上においてトレーニング動作一単位分の波形が有する「固有の値」を複数の波形について少なくとも1つずつ取得し、複数個取得した固有の値についてばらつき、変化の傾向、および所定値との乖離のうち少なくとも1つを評価することができる。
なお、実施の形態では、トレーニング装置10で実施するトレーニング動作として、レッグプレスを選択した。しかしながら、本発明はこれに限られるものではない。例えば、ヒップアブダクション、ローイング、レッグエクステンションといった各種のトレーニング動作を行うためのトレーニング装置にも、本発明を適用することができる。上半身の筋力を鍛える各種トレーニングや、四肢運動のリハビリテーションにおいて腕、肩、肘、手首、指、その他上半身、下半身の各種部位を規則的に動かすトレーニングを実施するトレーニング装置においても、本発明を適用することができる。
なお、運動状況の検出は、筋力トレーニング機12においてトレーニング中に変位する部位(変位部)の変位を検出するものであってもよいし、トレーニングの動作に応じたトレーニング実施者(ユーザ2)のトレーニング対象部位(実施の形態では、脚の角度や伸ばした長さ等)の変位を検出するものであってもよい。
なお、本発明においては、本実施の形態において説明する制御処理、演算処理、判定処理その他の処理が、CD-ROM,DVD-ROMその他のプログラム用記憶媒体に記憶して提供されても良い。また、プログラム単体として流通させても良い。また、上記の実施の形態で行った制御、解析方法、処理の内容は「トレーニング方法」の発明として実施されても良い。
10 トレーニング装置
12 筋力トレーニング機
16 可動部
20 演算装置
22 運動状況検出器
22a エンコーダ
22b エンコーダ信号検出器
26 記憶装置
28 運動負荷変更装置
29 錘
30 入力部
32 表示部
Claims (4)
- トレーニング動作に応じて変位する変位部および前記トレーニング動作中にトレーニング実施者に負荷を与えるための負荷生成部を備えたトレーニング機と、
前記変位部の変位を検出する検出手段と、
時間軸上において前記検出部で検出した前記変位に含まれるトレーニング動作一単位分の波形が有する固有の値を複数の波形について少なくとも1つずつ取得し、複数個取得した前記固有の値についてばらつき、変化の傾向、および所定値との乖離のうち少なくとも1つを評価し、その評価に従って前記負荷生成部の制御、前記負荷生成部に設定する負荷値の算出および前記評価結果の報知のうち少なくとも1つを実行する演算手段と、
を備えることを特徴とするトレーニング装置。 - 前記演算手段は、
複数の前記波形のそれぞれについて、変位座標成分が最大値となる点であるピーク点を、前記固有の値として特定するピーク点特定手段と、
変位座標に見た複数の前記ピーク点のばらつきの大きさ、複数の前記ピーク点の増減の傾向、および複数の前記ピーク点の所定変位との差分のうち少なくとも1つに基づいて、前記負荷生成部を制御し又は前記負荷生成部で設定すべき負荷値を算出する算出手段と、
を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のトレーニング装置。 - 前記検出部で検出した前記変位に含まれるトレーニング動作一単位分の1つの波形の形状に基づいて、前記演算手段による前記負荷生成部の制御又は前記演算手段が算出した前記負荷生成部で設定すべき負荷値を算出する単位波形評価手段を、更に備え、
前記演算手段は、前記演算手段による制御内容又は負荷値の内容に対して、前記単位波形評価手段による制御内容又は負荷値の内容を算入して、前記負荷生成部を制御し又は前記負荷生成部に設定する負荷値を算出する手段を含むことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のトレーニング装置。 - 前記単位波形評価手段は、
前記1つの波形の対称性が所定の度合いよりも低いか否かを判定する対称性判定手段と、
前記判定手段で対称性の低い波形が算出された場合には、前記対称性の低い波形が所定パターンと一致するか否か又は所定度合い以上近似するか否かを判定するパターン判定手段と、
を含み、
前記対称性の低い波形が前記所定パターンと一致又は所定度合い以上近似する場合には、所定の信号を出力する出力手段をさらに備えることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のトレーニング装置。
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