WO2013151105A1 - Système de stockage de chaleur et procédé de stockage de chaleur pour système de stockage de chaleur - Google Patents

Système de stockage de chaleur et procédé de stockage de chaleur pour système de stockage de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013151105A1
WO2013151105A1 PCT/JP2013/060249 JP2013060249W WO2013151105A1 WO 2013151105 A1 WO2013151105 A1 WO 2013151105A1 JP 2013060249 W JP2013060249 W JP 2013060249W WO 2013151105 A1 WO2013151105 A1 WO 2013151105A1
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Prior art keywords
heat storage
storage tank
refrigerator
heat
temperature
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PCT/JP2013/060249
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
菊池　宏成
山下　孝
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株式会社日立製作所
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Publication of WO2013151105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013151105A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/026—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat with different heat storage materials not coming into direct contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F24F2005/0032—Systems storing energy during the night
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/60—Energy consumption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0082—Multiple tanks arrangements, e.g. adjacent tanks, tank in tank
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat storage system that includes a heat storage tank that stores cold heat cooled by a refrigerator, and that supplies cold heat stored in the heat storage tank to a cold load, and a heat storage method of the heat storage system.
  • the heat storage system operates a refrigerator that cools chilled water and a pump that circulates chilled water between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank and stores the cold in the heat storage tank during an inexpensive period of power (for example, at night).
  • the power cost is reduced by supplying cold heat from a heat storage tank to a cold load (for example, an air conditioner that performs cooling operation).
  • the heat storage system operates the refrigerator and pump during a time period when the amount of power used per unit time is low and stores the cold in the heat storage tank.
  • This is a system that suppresses an increase in the maximum value of power consumption per unit time by supplying cold heat.
  • the basic charge is set for the electricity charge for commercial power, with the largest amount of power used per unit time being the maximum demand power (for example, “commercial power (contract power less than 500kW) ) ", [Online], Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc., [February 29, 2012 search], Internet ⁇ URL: http://www.tepco.co.jp/e-rates/corporate/charge/charge09-j .html>). That is, the power cost can be reduced by reducing the maximum value of the power consumption per unit time.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a latent heat storage type cooling system using a latent heat storage tank.
  • a latent heat storage material is provided inside the latent heat storage tank disclosed in Patent Document 1, and heat storage efficiency per volume of the heat storage tank can be increased.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage system and a heat storage method for the heat storage system that reduce energy consumption during cold storage.
  • the present invention includes a refrigerator that cools a heat medium, a heat storage tank that stores cold heat, a pump that circulates the heat medium between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank,
  • the heat storage tank includes at least a first heat storage tank in which the first heat storage material is disposed, and a second heat storage tank in which a second heat storage material having a higher melting point than the first heat storage material is disposed.
  • the heat storage system is arranged such that the heat medium flows from the first heat storage tank to the second heat storage tank.
  • the present invention provides a refrigerator that cools the heat medium, a heat storage tank that stores cold heat, a pump that circulates the heat medium between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank, and the refrigerator that is cooled by the refrigerator Control means for controlling the refrigerator outlet temperature, which is the temperature of the heat medium, and a heat storage method of a heat storage system, wherein the heat storage tank is at least a first heat storage tank in which a first heat storage material is disposed, A second heat storage tank in which a second heat storage material having a higher melting point than the first heat storage material is disposed, and a third heat storage tank in which a third heat storage material having a higher melting point than the second heat storage material is disposed, and The heat medium flows from the first heat storage tank to the second heat storage tank, and the heat medium flows from the second heat storage tank to the third heat storage tank.
  • a thermal storage method of thermal storage system characterized by performing the steps of controlling so that the temperature becomes lower second target temperature than the first target temperature,
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the heat storage system S1 includes a refrigerator 1 that cools cold water, a cold water coil 2 (cooling load) to which cold water is supplied, heat storage tanks (first heat storage tank 21 and second heat storage tank 22), and pumps 31 and 32. , Inverters 41, 42, ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 50, various temperature sensors (60, 61, 62, 71, 72, 73), and pipes 3, 4a, 5a, through which cold water can flow. 5b, 7a, 7b, 8 are provided.
  • the pipe 3 connected to the outlet of the refrigerator 1 is connected to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • the pipe 4 a connected to the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 is connected to the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22.
  • the pipe 5 a connected to the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 is connected to the inlet of the pump 31.
  • the pipe 5 b connected to the outlet of the pump 31 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerator 1.
  • the pipe 7 a connected to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 is connected to the inlet of the pump 32.
  • the pipe 7 b connected to the outlet of the pump 32 is connected to the inlet of the cold water coil 2.
  • the pipe 8 connected to the outlet of the cold water coil 2 is connected to the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22.
  • the refrigerator 1 can cool the cold water flowing from the inlet of the refrigerator 1 to which the pipe 5b is connected and can flow out from the outlet of the refrigerator 1 to which the pipe 3 is connected.
  • the operation of the refrigerator 1 is controlled by the ECU 50.
  • the cold water coil 2 is, for example, a heat exchanger of an air conditioner (not shown) that cools indoor air 9 in an air-conditioned space where the cold water coil 2 is installed, and an inlet of the cold water coil 2 to which a pipe 7b is connected.
  • an air conditioner not shown
  • the indoor air 9 can be cooled and the air-conditioned space can be cooled.
  • the cold water which absorbed heat by exchanging heat with room air 9 can be made to flow out from the exit of cold water coil 2 to which piping 8 was connected.
  • the first heat storage tank 21 is provided with a plurality of heat storage material containers 11 in which a heat storage material is enclosed, and can be cooled by latent heat of the heat storage material.
  • the heat storage material enclosed in the heat storage material container 11 is, for example, a heat storage material having a melting point of 8 ° C.
  • the second heat storage tank 22 is provided with a plurality of heat storage material containers 12 in which a heat storage material is enclosed, and can be cooled by the latent heat of the heat storage material.
  • the heat storage material sealed in the heat storage material container 12 is, for example, a heat storage material having a melting point of 10 ° C., and a heat storage material having a higher melting point than the heat storage material sealed in the heat storage material container 11 is used.
  • the pump 31 can circulate cold water between the refrigerator 1 and the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22).
  • the pump 31 is controlled by the ECU 50 via the inverter 41 so that the rotational speed thereof can be controlled.
  • the pump 31 is demonstrated as what is arrange
  • the pump 32 is configured to circulate cold water between the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22) and the cold water coil 2 in the second cold water circuit. Note that the rotational speed of the pump 32 is controlled by the ECU 50 via the inverter 42 so that the flow rate can be controlled.
  • the pump 32 is demonstrated as what is arrange
  • the ECU 50 controls the operation of the refrigerator 1 based on the detected temperatures of the various temperature sensors (60, 61, 62, 71, 72, 73) and controls the flow rates of the pumps 31, 32 via the inverters 41, 42. By controlling, the operation of the heat storage system S1 can be controlled.
  • the temperature sensor 60 is provided in the pipe 5 a and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the inlet of the refrigerator 1 (the refrigerator inlet temperature).
  • the temperature sensor 60 may be provided on the pipe 5b.
  • the temperature sensor 61 is provided in the pipe 3 and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing out from the outlet of the refrigerator 1 (the refrigerator outlet temperature).
  • the temperature sensor 62 is provided in the pipe 4a so that the temperature of the cold water flowing into the second heat storage tank 22 from the first heat storage tank 21 when the pump 31 operates (the first heat storage tank outlet temperature) can be detected. It has become.
  • the temperature sensor 62 can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the first heat storage tank 21 from the second heat storage tank 22 when the pump 32 operates.
  • the temperature sensor 71 is provided in the pipe 7 b and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the inlet of the cold water coil 2.
  • the temperature sensor 71 may be provided in the pipe 7a.
  • the temperature sensor 72 is provided in the pipe 8 and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing out from the outlet of the cold water coil 2.
  • the temperature sensor 73 is provided in an air conditioner (not shown) and can detect the temperature of the indoor air 9 (air-conditioned air temperature) cooled by the cold water coil 2.
  • the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 to store heat in the heat storage tanks (first heat storage tank 21 and second heat storage tank 22), and operates the pump 32 to operate the heat storage tank (first heat storage tank 21,
  • the cold supply operation which supplies the cold heat stored in the 2nd thermal storage tank 22) to the cold water coil 2 (cooling load) can be performed now.
  • the temperature of the cold water inside the first heat storage tank 21 is higher than the melting point 8 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • the temperature of the cold water inside the second heat storage tank 22 is higher than the melting point 10 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • the ECU 50 operates the pump 31 to cause cold water to flow from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1 through the pipes 5a and 5b.
  • the refrigerator inlet temperature is 10 ° C. or higher.
  • the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
  • the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 cool the cold water of 10 ° C. or more supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to 5.0 ° C., and connect the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 via the pipe 3. Supply.
  • the cold water of 5.0 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 cools the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11 and changes the phase of the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 7.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • about 7.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 from the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 via the piping 4a.
  • the cold water of about 7.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 cools the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12 and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Change.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 9.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • cold water at about 9.5 ° C. is supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1.
  • the refrigerator 1 cools about 9.5 ° C. cold water supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to 5.0 ° C. and supplies it again to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • the refrigerator inlet temperature is equal to the refrigerator inlet temperature. Almost equal.
  • the ECU 50 detects that the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 are substantially equal (the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the refrigerator detected by the temperature sensor 61).
  • the temperature difference from the outlet temperature is less than a predetermined threshold value
  • the ECU 50 operates the pump 32 to cause cold water to flow into the inlet of the cold water coil 2 from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 via the pipes 7a and 7b. At this time, the temperature of the cold water inside the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22 is about 5.0 ° C. to 8.0 ° C. in a state where the cold heat is stored. 2 is supplied.
  • the cold water supplied to the cold water coil 2 absorbs heat by cooling the indoor air 9, reaches about 14 ° C., and flows into the upper portion of the second heat storage tank 22 through the pipe 8.
  • the cold water of about 14 ° C. supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 is cooled to about 10.5 ° C. by exchanging heat with the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12. And about 10.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 from the lower part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 via the piping 4a.
  • the cold water of about 10.5 ° C. supplied from the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 is cooled to about 8.5 ° C. by exchanging heat with the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11. And about 8.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the inlet_port
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example.
  • the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example includes a plurality of heat storage material containers 11 in which a heat storage material having a melting point of 8 ° C. is enclosed in the heat storage tank (first heat storage tank 21). It differs in that the melting point of the heat storage material is only one type.
  • the pipe 5 a connects the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 and the inlet of the pump 31.
  • the pipe 8 connects the outlet of the cold water coil 2 and the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • Other configurations are the same as those of the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
  • the ECU 50 operates the pump 31 and the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
  • a predetermined temperature for example, 5.0 ° C.
  • the cold water of 5.0 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 cools the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11, and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. And phase change.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 7.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • the refrigerator 1 operates to cool approximately 7.5 ° C. cold water to 5.0 ° C.
  • the refrigerator 1 operates to cool approximately 9.5 ° C. cold water to 5.0 ° C.
  • Cold storage heat quantity ⁇ ⁇ (refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature) ⁇ total flow rate of refrigerator pump 31 (1)
  • ⁇ is a coefficient determined from the specific heat and density of the heat medium (water) cooled by the refrigerator 1.
  • the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment is compared with the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example.
  • the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example cannot increase the refrigerator inlet temperature, that is, cannot increase “refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature”.
  • the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example has a flow rate of the refrigerator pump 31 ( (Rotational speed) needs to be increased.
  • the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment can reduce the flow rate of the refrigerator pump 31 by increasing “refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature”.
  • the energy consumed by the refrigerator pump 31 can be reduced.
  • the heat storage system S1 can be configured at a low cost.
  • the running cost is reduced, that is, CO 2 emission is suppressed.
  • the above-described temperature will be described as an example. If the refrigerator outlet temperature of the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment is 5.0 ° C. and the refrigerator inlet temperature is about 9.5 ° C., the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the refrigerator 1 is about 4.5. It becomes °C. On the other hand, if the refrigerator outlet temperature of the heat storage system S1 according to the comparative example is 5.0 ° C., the refrigerator inlet temperature is about 7.5 ° C., and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the refrigerator 1 is about 2. 5 ° C.
  • the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment can make the temperature difference about twice as high as that of the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example. 2 can be used. It is known that when the flow rate of the pump reaches 50% [1/2], the energy consumption of the pump decreases to 12.5% [(1/2) 3 ]. In the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example, the proportion of the energy consumed by the refrigerator pump 31 in the energy consumed during heat storage (the sum of the energy consumed by the refrigerator 1 and the energy consumed by the refrigerator pump 31) was 10%. In this case, the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment can reduce the energy consumption of the entire system by about 9%.
  • the energy consumption during the cold storage operation can be reduced, and the operation efficiency of the entire heat storage system S1 can be improved.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a heat storage system S2 according to the second embodiment.
  • description is abbreviate
  • the heat storage system S2 includes three heat storage tanks as heat storage tanks. That is, in addition to the heat storage system S1 (refer FIG. 1) which concerns on 1st Embodiment, the 3rd heat storage tank 23, the piping 4b, and the temperature sensor 63 are further provided.
  • the pipe 4 b connected to the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 is connected to the lower part of the third heat storage tank 23. Further, the pipe 5 a connects the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 and the inlet of the pump 31. The pipe 8 connects the outlet of the cold water coil 2 and the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23.
  • a plurality of heat storage material containers 13 in which a heat storage material is enclosed are arranged so that cold storage can be performed by the latent heat of the heat storage material.
  • the heat storage material enclosed in the heat storage material container 13 is, for example, a heat storage material having a melting point of 13 ° C., and a heat storage material having a higher melting point than the heat storage material enclosed in the heat storage material container 12 is used.
  • the temperature sensor 63 is provided in the pipe 4b, and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the third heat storage tank 23 from the second heat storage tank 22 when the pump 31 operates (second heat storage tank outlet temperature). It has become. Moreover, the temperature sensor 63 can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the second heat storage tank 22 from the third heat storage tank 23 when the pump 32 operates.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the cold storage operation process of the heat storage system S2 according to the second embodiment.
  • the temperature of the cold water inside the first heat storage tank 21 is the temperature of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • the melting point is higher than 8 ° C.
  • the temperature of the cold water inside the second heat storage tank 22 is higher than the melting point 10 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • the temperature of the cold water is higher than the melting point 13 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
  • step S101 the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31.
  • the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.).
  • the predetermined temperature T1 is higher than the melting point (8 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11, and the melting point (10 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12 and the melting point of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
  • a temperature lower than (13 ° C.) is set.
  • step S102 the ECU 50 determines whether the temperature difference between the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the second heat storage tank outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 63 is less than a predetermined threshold value X1.
  • the predetermined threshold value X1 is a threshold value for determining whether or not the refrigerator inlet temperature (third heat storage tank outlet temperature) and the second heat storage tank outlet temperature (third heat storage tank inlet temperature) are substantially equal. is there.
  • step S102 When the temperature difference is not less than the predetermined threshold value X1 (S102 / No), the ECU 50 repeats step S102. When the temperature difference is less than the predetermined threshold value X1 (S102 / Yes), the process of the ECU 50 proceeds to step S103.
  • step S103 the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature T2 (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
  • the predetermined temperature T2 is set to a temperature lower than the melting point (8 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • step S104 the ECU 50 determines whether the temperature difference between the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 is less than a predetermined threshold value X2.
  • the predetermined threshold value X2 is a threshold value for determining whether or not the refrigerator inlet temperature and the refrigerator outlet temperature are substantially equal.
  • Step S104 If the temperature difference is not less than the predetermined threshold value X2 (No in S104), the ECU 50 repeats Step S104. When the temperature difference is less than the predetermined threshold value X2 (S104 / Yes), the process of the ECU 50 proceeds to step S105.
  • step S105 the ECU 50 stops the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 and ends the cold storage operation.
  • step S101 the ECU 50 operates the pump 31 and operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.). ing.
  • the 8.5 degreeC cold water supplied from the lower part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 is higher than melting
  • the temperature is not increased and is supplied from the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 to the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 through the pipe 4a.
  • the cold water supplied from the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 cools the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12 and changes the phase of the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 9.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • about 9.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 3rd heat storage tank 23 from the upper part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 via the piping 4b.
  • the cold water of about 9.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the third heat storage tank 23 cools the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Change.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 12.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
  • the cold water of about 12.5 ° C. is supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1.
  • the refrigerator 1 cools about 12.5 ° C. cold water supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to 8.5 ° C., and supplies it again to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • the ECU 50 determines whether the refrigerator inlet temperature (third heat storage tank outlet temperature) and the second heat storage tank outlet temperature (third heat storage tank inlet temperature) are substantially equal. It is determined whether or not the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 has completely changed to a solid state.
  • the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 is all changed to a solid state, the temperature of the cold water is increased only by the latent heat of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • the inlet temperature cannot be increased, that is, “refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature” cannot be increased.
  • ECU50 determines as step S102 * Yes, progresses to the process of step S103, and sets the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected with the temperature sensor 61 may become T2 (for example, 5.0 degreeC). It is supposed to work.
  • the cold water of 5.0 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 cools the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11 and changes the phase of the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 7.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • about 7.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 from the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 via the piping 4a.
  • the cold water of about 7.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 cools the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12 and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Change.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 9.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • about 9.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 3rd heat storage tank 23 from the upper part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 via the piping 4b.
  • the cold water of about 9.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the third heat storage tank 23 has all of the phase change of the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 to a solid state, so the latent heat of the heat storage material The temperature does not increase due to. Then, the cold water of about 9.5 ° C. is supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1. The refrigerator 1 cools about 9.5 ° C. cold water supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to 5.0 ° C. and supplies it again to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • step S104 the ECU 50 determines whether or not the refrigerator inlet temperature and the refrigerator outlet temperature are substantially equal, whereby the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11, the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12, and The heat storage material in the heat storage material container 13 is in a solid state, and it is determined whether or not the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21, the second heat storage tank 22, and the third heat storage tank 23) has completed the cold storage operation. It is supposed to end.
  • the refrigerator outlet temperature can be controlled and stored in two stages of T1 and T2, so that the refrigerator outlet temperature is controlled only by T2 and stored.
  • the energy consumption of the refrigerator 1 can be reduced as compared with the heat storage system.
  • T1 is set to be smaller than the melting point (10 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12 and the melting point (13 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
  • the ECU 50 controls the refrigerator outlet temperature from T1 to T2. Therefore, similarly to the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, the “refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature” can be increased, and the energy consumption of the pump 31 can be reduced.
  • the energy consumption during the cold storage operation can be reduced and the operation efficiency of the entire heat storage system S2 can be improved.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a heat storage system S3 according to the third embodiment.
  • description is abbreviate
  • the heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 3a, a first valve 81, and a pipe 3b instead of the pipe 3 that connects the outlet of the refrigerator 1 and the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • the heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 6a, a second valve 82, and a pipe 6b, and connects the pipe 3a and the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22.
  • the heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 5aa, a third valve 83, and a pipe 5ab instead of the pipe 5a connecting the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 and the inlet of the pump 31.
  • the heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 6c, a fourth valve 84, and a pipe 6d, and connects the pipe 4 and the pipe 5ab.
  • the first valve 81 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50.
  • the first valve 81 can flow through the piping 3a and the piping 3b when the valve is open, and closes the flow between the piping 3a and the piping 3b when the valve is closed.
  • the second valve 82 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50.
  • the second valve 82 can flow through the pipe 6a and the pipe 6b when the valve is open, and closes the flow between the pipe 6a and the pipe 6b when the valve is closed.
  • the third valve 83 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50.
  • the third valve 83 allows the piping 5aa and the piping 5ab to flow in the opened state, and closes the flow of the piping 5aa and the piping 5ab in the closed state.
  • the fourth valve 84 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50, and allows the piping 6c and the piping 6d to flow in the open state, and closes the piping 6c and the piping 6d in the closed state. Yes.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the cold storage operation process of the heat storage system S3 according to the third embodiment.
  • the cool storage operation process (see FIG. 4) of the heat storage system S3 is different from the cool storage operation process (see FIG. 2) of the heat storage system S2 in that S101A and S103A are executed instead of S101 and S103. ing.
  • the other points are the same and will not be described.
  • step S101A the ECU 50 closes the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, opens the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, and operates the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31.
  • the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.).
  • step S103A the ECU 50 opens the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, closes the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, and the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 is a predetermined temperature T2.
  • the refrigerator 1 is operated so that it becomes (for example, 5.0 degreeC).
  • step S101A the ECU 50 closes the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, opens the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, operates the pump 31, and detects it with the temperature sensor 61.
  • the refrigerator 1 is operated such that the temperature at the outlet of the refrigerator is T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.).
  • the ECU 50 opens the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, closes the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, operates the pump 31, and detects it with the temperature sensor 61.
  • the refrigerator 1 is operated so that the outlet temperature of the refrigerator is T2 (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
  • heat storage system S3 concerning a 3rd embodiment, in addition to effect of heat storage system S1 concerning a 1st embodiment, and heat storage system S2 concerning a 2nd embodiment, load of pump 31 at the time of cold storage operation is carried out. Since it can reduce, the energy consumption at the time of cold storage operation can be reduced and the operation efficiency of the whole heat storage system S3 can be improved.
  • the heat storage system S1 according to the first has two heat storage tanks, and the heat storage systems S2 and S3 according to the second and third embodiments have been described as having three heat storage tanks, but are not limited thereto. There may be multiple.
  • the heat storage systems S1 to S3 according to the first to third embodiments have been described as connecting independent heat storage tanks with pipes, but are not limited thereto.
  • the heat storage is performed in the heat storage tanks 20a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 23a, and 23b divided into the heat storage type heat storage tank 20 by the heat transfer.
  • the heat storage material containers 11, 12, and 13 in which the material is enclosed may be disposed.
  • operation of heat storage system S4 which concerns on 4th Embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the driving

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de stockage de chaleur et un procédé de stockage de chaleur pour un système de stockage de chaleur avec lequel la consommation d'énergie est réduite lors de sa conservation par le froid. Le système d'accumulation de chaleur (S1) est équipé d'une machine de réfrigération (1) qui refroidit l'eau de refroidissement, de réservoirs de stockage de chaleur (21, 22) permettant de stocker la chaleur par le froid et d'une pompe (31) qui fait circuler l'eau froide entre la machine frigorifique (1) et les réservoirs de stockage de chaleur (21, 22). Les réservoirs de stockage de chaleur (21, 22) comprennent au moins un premier réservoir de stockage de chaleur (21) dans lequel un premier matériau de stockage de chaleur (11) est agencé et un second réservoir de stockage en chaleur (22) dans lequel un second matériau de stockage de chaleur (12) ayant un point de fusion plus élevé que le premier matériau de stockage de chaleur (11) est agencé et l'agencement est tel que l'eau froide s'écoule à partir du premier réservoir de stockage de chaleur (21) jusqu'au second réservoir de stockage de chaleur (22).
PCT/JP2013/060249 2012-04-04 2013-04-03 Système de stockage de chaleur et procédé de stockage de chaleur pour système de stockage de chaleur WO2013151105A1 (fr)

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JP2012-085702 2012-04-04
JP2012085702A JP5875925B2 (ja) 2012-04-04 2012-04-04 蓄熱システムおよび蓄熱システムの蓄熱方法

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CN103712304A (zh) * 2013-12-27 2014-04-09 长兴酷莱科技有限公司 移动基站储能空调系统
CN106440141A (zh) * 2016-11-03 2017-02-22 深圳市贝思特美科技有限公司 一种自动控制储能节能装置及其控制方法
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WO2020021014A1 (fr) * 2018-07-26 2020-01-30 ETH Zürich Procédé de commande de thermocline

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JP7259622B2 (ja) * 2019-07-29 2023-04-18 パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 冷却システム及びその運転方法

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JPH11311454A (ja) * 1998-04-28 1999-11-09 Taikisha Ltd 潜熱蓄熱式の熱源システム
JP2002337537A (ja) * 2000-05-26 2002-11-27 Denso Corp 車両用空調装置
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103712304A (zh) * 2013-12-27 2014-04-09 长兴酷莱科技有限公司 移动基站储能空调系统
CN103712304B (zh) * 2013-12-27 2016-01-13 长兴酷莱科技有限公司 移动基站储能空调系统
CN106440141A (zh) * 2016-11-03 2017-02-22 深圳市贝思特美科技有限公司 一种自动控制储能节能装置及其控制方法
CN106440141B (zh) * 2016-11-03 2019-01-29 深圳市中能泰富科技有限公司 一种自动控制的储能节能装置及其控制方法
CN106969449A (zh) * 2017-04-17 2017-07-21 深圳达实智能股份有限公司 斜温层削减与利用的水蓄能系统及其使用方法
CN106969449B (zh) * 2017-04-17 2019-11-22 深圳达实智能股份有限公司 斜温层削减与利用的水蓄能系统及其使用方法
WO2020021014A1 (fr) * 2018-07-26 2020-01-30 ETH Zürich Procédé de commande de thermocline
US11821692B2 (en) 2018-07-26 2023-11-21 ETH Zürich Thermocline control method

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