WO2013151105A1 - Heat storage system and heat storage method for heat storage system - Google Patents

Heat storage system and heat storage method for heat storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013151105A1
WO2013151105A1 PCT/JP2013/060249 JP2013060249W WO2013151105A1 WO 2013151105 A1 WO2013151105 A1 WO 2013151105A1 JP 2013060249 W JP2013060249 W JP 2013060249W WO 2013151105 A1 WO2013151105 A1 WO 2013151105A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat storage
storage tank
refrigerator
heat
temperature
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PCT/JP2013/060249
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
菊池　宏成
山下　孝
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株式会社日立製作所
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Publication of WO2013151105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013151105A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
    • F28D20/026—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat with different heat storage materials not coming into direct contact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F24F2005/0032—Systems storing energy during the night
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2140/00—Control inputs relating to system states
    • F24F2140/60—Energy consumption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
    • F28D2020/0082—Multiple tanks arrangements, e.g. adjacent tanks, tank in tank
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat storage system that includes a heat storage tank that stores cold heat cooled by a refrigerator, and that supplies cold heat stored in the heat storage tank to a cold load, and a heat storage method of the heat storage system.
  • the heat storage system operates a refrigerator that cools chilled water and a pump that circulates chilled water between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank and stores the cold in the heat storage tank during an inexpensive period of power (for example, at night).
  • the power cost is reduced by supplying cold heat from a heat storage tank to a cold load (for example, an air conditioner that performs cooling operation).
  • the heat storage system operates the refrigerator and pump during a time period when the amount of power used per unit time is low and stores the cold in the heat storage tank.
  • This is a system that suppresses an increase in the maximum value of power consumption per unit time by supplying cold heat.
  • the basic charge is set for the electricity charge for commercial power, with the largest amount of power used per unit time being the maximum demand power (for example, “commercial power (contract power less than 500kW) ) ", [Online], Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc., [February 29, 2012 search], Internet ⁇ URL: http://www.tepco.co.jp/e-rates/corporate/charge/charge09-j .html>). That is, the power cost can be reduced by reducing the maximum value of the power consumption per unit time.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a latent heat storage type cooling system using a latent heat storage tank.
  • a latent heat storage material is provided inside the latent heat storage tank disclosed in Patent Document 1, and heat storage efficiency per volume of the heat storage tank can be increased.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage system and a heat storage method for the heat storage system that reduce energy consumption during cold storage.
  • the present invention includes a refrigerator that cools a heat medium, a heat storage tank that stores cold heat, a pump that circulates the heat medium between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank,
  • the heat storage tank includes at least a first heat storage tank in which the first heat storage material is disposed, and a second heat storage tank in which a second heat storage material having a higher melting point than the first heat storage material is disposed.
  • the heat storage system is arranged such that the heat medium flows from the first heat storage tank to the second heat storage tank.
  • the present invention provides a refrigerator that cools the heat medium, a heat storage tank that stores cold heat, a pump that circulates the heat medium between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank, and the refrigerator that is cooled by the refrigerator Control means for controlling the refrigerator outlet temperature, which is the temperature of the heat medium, and a heat storage method of a heat storage system, wherein the heat storage tank is at least a first heat storage tank in which a first heat storage material is disposed, A second heat storage tank in which a second heat storage material having a higher melting point than the first heat storage material is disposed, and a third heat storage tank in which a third heat storage material having a higher melting point than the second heat storage material is disposed, and The heat medium flows from the first heat storage tank to the second heat storage tank, and the heat medium flows from the second heat storage tank to the third heat storage tank.
  • a thermal storage method of thermal storage system characterized by performing the steps of controlling so that the temperature becomes lower second target temperature than the first target temperature,
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the heat storage system S1 includes a refrigerator 1 that cools cold water, a cold water coil 2 (cooling load) to which cold water is supplied, heat storage tanks (first heat storage tank 21 and second heat storage tank 22), and pumps 31 and 32. , Inverters 41, 42, ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 50, various temperature sensors (60, 61, 62, 71, 72, 73), and pipes 3, 4a, 5a, through which cold water can flow. 5b, 7a, 7b, 8 are provided.
  • the pipe 3 connected to the outlet of the refrigerator 1 is connected to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • the pipe 4 a connected to the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 is connected to the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22.
  • the pipe 5 a connected to the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 is connected to the inlet of the pump 31.
  • the pipe 5 b connected to the outlet of the pump 31 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerator 1.
  • the pipe 7 a connected to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 is connected to the inlet of the pump 32.
  • the pipe 7 b connected to the outlet of the pump 32 is connected to the inlet of the cold water coil 2.
  • the pipe 8 connected to the outlet of the cold water coil 2 is connected to the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22.
  • the refrigerator 1 can cool the cold water flowing from the inlet of the refrigerator 1 to which the pipe 5b is connected and can flow out from the outlet of the refrigerator 1 to which the pipe 3 is connected.
  • the operation of the refrigerator 1 is controlled by the ECU 50.
  • the cold water coil 2 is, for example, a heat exchanger of an air conditioner (not shown) that cools indoor air 9 in an air-conditioned space where the cold water coil 2 is installed, and an inlet of the cold water coil 2 to which a pipe 7b is connected.
  • an air conditioner not shown
  • the indoor air 9 can be cooled and the air-conditioned space can be cooled.
  • the cold water which absorbed heat by exchanging heat with room air 9 can be made to flow out from the exit of cold water coil 2 to which piping 8 was connected.
  • the first heat storage tank 21 is provided with a plurality of heat storage material containers 11 in which a heat storage material is enclosed, and can be cooled by latent heat of the heat storage material.
  • the heat storage material enclosed in the heat storage material container 11 is, for example, a heat storage material having a melting point of 8 ° C.
  • the second heat storage tank 22 is provided with a plurality of heat storage material containers 12 in which a heat storage material is enclosed, and can be cooled by the latent heat of the heat storage material.
  • the heat storage material sealed in the heat storage material container 12 is, for example, a heat storage material having a melting point of 10 ° C., and a heat storage material having a higher melting point than the heat storage material sealed in the heat storage material container 11 is used.
  • the pump 31 can circulate cold water between the refrigerator 1 and the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22).
  • the pump 31 is controlled by the ECU 50 via the inverter 41 so that the rotational speed thereof can be controlled.
  • the pump 31 is demonstrated as what is arrange
  • the pump 32 is configured to circulate cold water between the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22) and the cold water coil 2 in the second cold water circuit. Note that the rotational speed of the pump 32 is controlled by the ECU 50 via the inverter 42 so that the flow rate can be controlled.
  • the pump 32 is demonstrated as what is arrange
  • the ECU 50 controls the operation of the refrigerator 1 based on the detected temperatures of the various temperature sensors (60, 61, 62, 71, 72, 73) and controls the flow rates of the pumps 31, 32 via the inverters 41, 42. By controlling, the operation of the heat storage system S1 can be controlled.
  • the temperature sensor 60 is provided in the pipe 5 a and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the inlet of the refrigerator 1 (the refrigerator inlet temperature).
  • the temperature sensor 60 may be provided on the pipe 5b.
  • the temperature sensor 61 is provided in the pipe 3 and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing out from the outlet of the refrigerator 1 (the refrigerator outlet temperature).
  • the temperature sensor 62 is provided in the pipe 4a so that the temperature of the cold water flowing into the second heat storage tank 22 from the first heat storage tank 21 when the pump 31 operates (the first heat storage tank outlet temperature) can be detected. It has become.
  • the temperature sensor 62 can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the first heat storage tank 21 from the second heat storage tank 22 when the pump 32 operates.
  • the temperature sensor 71 is provided in the pipe 7 b and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the inlet of the cold water coil 2.
  • the temperature sensor 71 may be provided in the pipe 7a.
  • the temperature sensor 72 is provided in the pipe 8 and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing out from the outlet of the cold water coil 2.
  • the temperature sensor 73 is provided in an air conditioner (not shown) and can detect the temperature of the indoor air 9 (air-conditioned air temperature) cooled by the cold water coil 2.
  • the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 to store heat in the heat storage tanks (first heat storage tank 21 and second heat storage tank 22), and operates the pump 32 to operate the heat storage tank (first heat storage tank 21,
  • the cold supply operation which supplies the cold heat stored in the 2nd thermal storage tank 22) to the cold water coil 2 (cooling load) can be performed now.
  • the temperature of the cold water inside the first heat storage tank 21 is higher than the melting point 8 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • the temperature of the cold water inside the second heat storage tank 22 is higher than the melting point 10 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • the ECU 50 operates the pump 31 to cause cold water to flow from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1 through the pipes 5a and 5b.
  • the refrigerator inlet temperature is 10 ° C. or higher.
  • the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
  • the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 cool the cold water of 10 ° C. or more supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to 5.0 ° C., and connect the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 via the pipe 3. Supply.
  • the cold water of 5.0 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 cools the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11 and changes the phase of the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 7.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • about 7.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 from the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 via the piping 4a.
  • the cold water of about 7.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 cools the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12 and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Change.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 9.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • cold water at about 9.5 ° C. is supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1.
  • the refrigerator 1 cools about 9.5 ° C. cold water supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to 5.0 ° C. and supplies it again to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • the refrigerator inlet temperature is equal to the refrigerator inlet temperature. Almost equal.
  • the ECU 50 detects that the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 are substantially equal (the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the refrigerator detected by the temperature sensor 61).
  • the temperature difference from the outlet temperature is less than a predetermined threshold value
  • the ECU 50 operates the pump 32 to cause cold water to flow into the inlet of the cold water coil 2 from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 via the pipes 7a and 7b. At this time, the temperature of the cold water inside the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22 is about 5.0 ° C. to 8.0 ° C. in a state where the cold heat is stored. 2 is supplied.
  • the cold water supplied to the cold water coil 2 absorbs heat by cooling the indoor air 9, reaches about 14 ° C., and flows into the upper portion of the second heat storage tank 22 through the pipe 8.
  • the cold water of about 14 ° C. supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 is cooled to about 10.5 ° C. by exchanging heat with the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12. And about 10.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 from the lower part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 via the piping 4a.
  • the cold water of about 10.5 ° C. supplied from the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 is cooled to about 8.5 ° C. by exchanging heat with the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11. And about 8.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the inlet_port
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example.
  • the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example includes a plurality of heat storage material containers 11 in which a heat storage material having a melting point of 8 ° C. is enclosed in the heat storage tank (first heat storage tank 21). It differs in that the melting point of the heat storage material is only one type.
  • the pipe 5 a connects the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 and the inlet of the pump 31.
  • the pipe 8 connects the outlet of the cold water coil 2 and the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • Other configurations are the same as those of the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
  • the ECU 50 operates the pump 31 and the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
  • a predetermined temperature for example, 5.0 ° C.
  • the cold water of 5.0 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 cools the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11, and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. And phase change.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 7.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • the refrigerator 1 operates to cool approximately 7.5 ° C. cold water to 5.0 ° C.
  • the refrigerator 1 operates to cool approximately 9.5 ° C. cold water to 5.0 ° C.
  • Cold storage heat quantity ⁇ ⁇ (refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature) ⁇ total flow rate of refrigerator pump 31 (1)
  • ⁇ is a coefficient determined from the specific heat and density of the heat medium (water) cooled by the refrigerator 1.
  • the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment is compared with the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example.
  • the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example cannot increase the refrigerator inlet temperature, that is, cannot increase “refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature”.
  • the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example has a flow rate of the refrigerator pump 31 ( (Rotational speed) needs to be increased.
  • the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment can reduce the flow rate of the refrigerator pump 31 by increasing “refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature”.
  • the energy consumed by the refrigerator pump 31 can be reduced.
  • the heat storage system S1 can be configured at a low cost.
  • the running cost is reduced, that is, CO 2 emission is suppressed.
  • the above-described temperature will be described as an example. If the refrigerator outlet temperature of the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment is 5.0 ° C. and the refrigerator inlet temperature is about 9.5 ° C., the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the refrigerator 1 is about 4.5. It becomes °C. On the other hand, if the refrigerator outlet temperature of the heat storage system S1 according to the comparative example is 5.0 ° C., the refrigerator inlet temperature is about 7.5 ° C., and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the refrigerator 1 is about 2. 5 ° C.
  • the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment can make the temperature difference about twice as high as that of the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example. 2 can be used. It is known that when the flow rate of the pump reaches 50% [1/2], the energy consumption of the pump decreases to 12.5% [(1/2) 3 ]. In the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example, the proportion of the energy consumed by the refrigerator pump 31 in the energy consumed during heat storage (the sum of the energy consumed by the refrigerator 1 and the energy consumed by the refrigerator pump 31) was 10%. In this case, the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment can reduce the energy consumption of the entire system by about 9%.
  • the energy consumption during the cold storage operation can be reduced, and the operation efficiency of the entire heat storage system S1 can be improved.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a heat storage system S2 according to the second embodiment.
  • description is abbreviate
  • the heat storage system S2 includes three heat storage tanks as heat storage tanks. That is, in addition to the heat storage system S1 (refer FIG. 1) which concerns on 1st Embodiment, the 3rd heat storage tank 23, the piping 4b, and the temperature sensor 63 are further provided.
  • the pipe 4 b connected to the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 is connected to the lower part of the third heat storage tank 23. Further, the pipe 5 a connects the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 and the inlet of the pump 31. The pipe 8 connects the outlet of the cold water coil 2 and the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23.
  • a plurality of heat storage material containers 13 in which a heat storage material is enclosed are arranged so that cold storage can be performed by the latent heat of the heat storage material.
  • the heat storage material enclosed in the heat storage material container 13 is, for example, a heat storage material having a melting point of 13 ° C., and a heat storage material having a higher melting point than the heat storage material enclosed in the heat storage material container 12 is used.
  • the temperature sensor 63 is provided in the pipe 4b, and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the third heat storage tank 23 from the second heat storage tank 22 when the pump 31 operates (second heat storage tank outlet temperature). It has become. Moreover, the temperature sensor 63 can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the second heat storage tank 22 from the third heat storage tank 23 when the pump 32 operates.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the cold storage operation process of the heat storage system S2 according to the second embodiment.
  • the temperature of the cold water inside the first heat storage tank 21 is the temperature of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • the melting point is higher than 8 ° C.
  • the temperature of the cold water inside the second heat storage tank 22 is higher than the melting point 10 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • the temperature of the cold water is higher than the melting point 13 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
  • step S101 the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31.
  • the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.).
  • the predetermined temperature T1 is higher than the melting point (8 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11, and the melting point (10 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12 and the melting point of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
  • a temperature lower than (13 ° C.) is set.
  • step S102 the ECU 50 determines whether the temperature difference between the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the second heat storage tank outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 63 is less than a predetermined threshold value X1.
  • the predetermined threshold value X1 is a threshold value for determining whether or not the refrigerator inlet temperature (third heat storage tank outlet temperature) and the second heat storage tank outlet temperature (third heat storage tank inlet temperature) are substantially equal. is there.
  • step S102 When the temperature difference is not less than the predetermined threshold value X1 (S102 / No), the ECU 50 repeats step S102. When the temperature difference is less than the predetermined threshold value X1 (S102 / Yes), the process of the ECU 50 proceeds to step S103.
  • step S103 the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature T2 (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
  • the predetermined temperature T2 is set to a temperature lower than the melting point (8 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • step S104 the ECU 50 determines whether the temperature difference between the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 is less than a predetermined threshold value X2.
  • the predetermined threshold value X2 is a threshold value for determining whether or not the refrigerator inlet temperature and the refrigerator outlet temperature are substantially equal.
  • Step S104 If the temperature difference is not less than the predetermined threshold value X2 (No in S104), the ECU 50 repeats Step S104. When the temperature difference is less than the predetermined threshold value X2 (S104 / Yes), the process of the ECU 50 proceeds to step S105.
  • step S105 the ECU 50 stops the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 and ends the cold storage operation.
  • step S101 the ECU 50 operates the pump 31 and operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.). ing.
  • the 8.5 degreeC cold water supplied from the lower part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 is higher than melting
  • the temperature is not increased and is supplied from the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 to the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 through the pipe 4a.
  • the cold water supplied from the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 cools the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12 and changes the phase of the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 9.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • about 9.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 3rd heat storage tank 23 from the upper part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 via the piping 4b.
  • the cold water of about 9.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the third heat storage tank 23 cools the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Change.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 12.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
  • the cold water of about 12.5 ° C. is supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1.
  • the refrigerator 1 cools about 12.5 ° C. cold water supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to 8.5 ° C., and supplies it again to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • the ECU 50 determines whether the refrigerator inlet temperature (third heat storage tank outlet temperature) and the second heat storage tank outlet temperature (third heat storage tank inlet temperature) are substantially equal. It is determined whether or not the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 has completely changed to a solid state.
  • the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 is all changed to a solid state, the temperature of the cold water is increased only by the latent heat of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • the inlet temperature cannot be increased, that is, “refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature” cannot be increased.
  • ECU50 determines as step S102 * Yes, progresses to the process of step S103, and sets the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected with the temperature sensor 61 may become T2 (for example, 5.0 degreeC). It is supposed to work.
  • the cold water of 5.0 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 cools the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11 and changes the phase of the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 7.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
  • about 7.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 from the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 via the piping 4a.
  • the cold water of about 7.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 cools the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12 and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Change.
  • the temperature of the cold water rises to about 9.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
  • about 9.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 3rd heat storage tank 23 from the upper part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 via the piping 4b.
  • the cold water of about 9.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the third heat storage tank 23 has all of the phase change of the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 to a solid state, so the latent heat of the heat storage material The temperature does not increase due to. Then, the cold water of about 9.5 ° C. is supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1. The refrigerator 1 cools about 9.5 ° C. cold water supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to 5.0 ° C. and supplies it again to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • step S104 the ECU 50 determines whether or not the refrigerator inlet temperature and the refrigerator outlet temperature are substantially equal, whereby the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11, the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12, and The heat storage material in the heat storage material container 13 is in a solid state, and it is determined whether or not the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21, the second heat storage tank 22, and the third heat storage tank 23) has completed the cold storage operation. It is supposed to end.
  • the refrigerator outlet temperature can be controlled and stored in two stages of T1 and T2, so that the refrigerator outlet temperature is controlled only by T2 and stored.
  • the energy consumption of the refrigerator 1 can be reduced as compared with the heat storage system.
  • T1 is set to be smaller than the melting point (10 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12 and the melting point (13 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
  • the ECU 50 controls the refrigerator outlet temperature from T1 to T2. Therefore, similarly to the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, the “refrigerator inlet temperature ⁇ refrigerator outlet temperature” can be increased, and the energy consumption of the pump 31 can be reduced.
  • the energy consumption during the cold storage operation can be reduced and the operation efficiency of the entire heat storage system S2 can be improved.
  • FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a heat storage system S3 according to the third embodiment.
  • description is abbreviate
  • the heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 3a, a first valve 81, and a pipe 3b instead of the pipe 3 that connects the outlet of the refrigerator 1 and the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
  • the heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 6a, a second valve 82, and a pipe 6b, and connects the pipe 3a and the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22.
  • the heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 5aa, a third valve 83, and a pipe 5ab instead of the pipe 5a connecting the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 and the inlet of the pump 31.
  • the heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 6c, a fourth valve 84, and a pipe 6d, and connects the pipe 4 and the pipe 5ab.
  • the first valve 81 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50.
  • the first valve 81 can flow through the piping 3a and the piping 3b when the valve is open, and closes the flow between the piping 3a and the piping 3b when the valve is closed.
  • the second valve 82 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50.
  • the second valve 82 can flow through the pipe 6a and the pipe 6b when the valve is open, and closes the flow between the pipe 6a and the pipe 6b when the valve is closed.
  • the third valve 83 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50.
  • the third valve 83 allows the piping 5aa and the piping 5ab to flow in the opened state, and closes the flow of the piping 5aa and the piping 5ab in the closed state.
  • the fourth valve 84 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50, and allows the piping 6c and the piping 6d to flow in the open state, and closes the piping 6c and the piping 6d in the closed state. Yes.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the cold storage operation process of the heat storage system S3 according to the third embodiment.
  • the cool storage operation process (see FIG. 4) of the heat storage system S3 is different from the cool storage operation process (see FIG. 2) of the heat storage system S2 in that S101A and S103A are executed instead of S101 and S103. ing.
  • the other points are the same and will not be described.
  • step S101A the ECU 50 closes the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, opens the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, and operates the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31.
  • the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.).
  • step S103A the ECU 50 opens the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, closes the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, and the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 is a predetermined temperature T2.
  • the refrigerator 1 is operated so that it becomes (for example, 5.0 degreeC).
  • step S101A the ECU 50 closes the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, opens the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, operates the pump 31, and detects it with the temperature sensor 61.
  • the refrigerator 1 is operated such that the temperature at the outlet of the refrigerator is T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.).
  • the ECU 50 opens the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, closes the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, operates the pump 31, and detects it with the temperature sensor 61.
  • the refrigerator 1 is operated so that the outlet temperature of the refrigerator is T2 (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
  • heat storage system S3 concerning a 3rd embodiment, in addition to effect of heat storage system S1 concerning a 1st embodiment, and heat storage system S2 concerning a 2nd embodiment, load of pump 31 at the time of cold storage operation is carried out. Since it can reduce, the energy consumption at the time of cold storage operation can be reduced and the operation efficiency of the whole heat storage system S3 can be improved.
  • the heat storage system S1 according to the first has two heat storage tanks, and the heat storage systems S2 and S3 according to the second and third embodiments have been described as having three heat storage tanks, but are not limited thereto. There may be multiple.
  • the heat storage systems S1 to S3 according to the first to third embodiments have been described as connecting independent heat storage tanks with pipes, but are not limited thereto.
  • the heat storage is performed in the heat storage tanks 20a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 23a, and 23b divided into the heat storage type heat storage tank 20 by the heat transfer.
  • the heat storage material containers 11, 12, and 13 in which the material is enclosed may be disposed.
  • operation of heat storage system S4 which concerns on 4th Embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the driving

Abstract

Provided are a heat storage system and a heat storage method for a heat storage system with which energy consumption is reduced during cold storage. The heat storage system (S1) is equipped with a refrigerating machine (1) which cools cooling water, heat storage tanks (21, 22) which store cold heat, and a pump (31) that circulates cold water between the refrigerating machine (1) and the heat storage tanks (21, 22). The heat storage tanks (21, 22) include at least a first heat storage tank (21) in which a first heat-storing material (11) is arranged, and a second heat storage tank (22) in which a second heat storage material (12) having a higher melting point than the first heat storage material (11) is arranged, and the arrangement is such that cold water flows from the first heat storage tank (21) to the second heat storage tank (22).

Description

蓄熱システムおよび蓄熱システムの蓄熱方法Thermal storage system and thermal storage method for thermal storage system
　本発明は、冷凍機で冷却した冷熱を蓄冷する蓄熱槽を備え、蓄熱槽に蓄冷された冷熱を冷熱負荷に供給する蓄熱システムおよび蓄熱システムの蓄熱方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a heat storage system that includes a heat storage tank that stores cold heat cooled by a refrigerator, and that supplies cold heat stored in the heat storage tank to a cold load, and a heat storage method of the heat storage system.
　蓄熱システムは、電力の安価な時間帯（例えば、夜間）に、冷水を冷却する冷凍機と、冷凍機と蓄熱槽との間で冷水を循環させるポンプと、を運転して蓄熱槽に蓄冷し、別の時間帯（例えば、昼間）に蓄熱槽から冷熱負荷（例えば、冷房運転する空調機器）に冷熱を供給することにより、電力コストを低減させるシステムである。 The heat storage system operates a refrigerator that cools chilled water and a pump that circulates chilled water between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank and stores the cold in the heat storage tank during an inexpensive period of power (for example, at night). In another system (for example, daytime), the power cost is reduced by supplying cold heat from a heat storage tank to a cold load (for example, an air conditioner that performs cooling operation).
　または、蓄熱システムは、単位時間当たりの電力使用量が少ない時間帯に冷凍機およびポンプを運転して蓄熱槽に蓄冷し、単位時間当りの電力使用量が多い時間帯に蓄熱槽から冷熱負荷に冷熱を供給することにより、単位時間当りの電力使用量の最大値の増大を抑制するシステムである。なお、業務用電力の電気料金は、単位時間当りの電力使用量が最も大きい値を最大需用電力として基本料金が設定されるようになっている（例えば、"業務用電力（契約電力500kW未満）"、［online］、東京電力株式会社、［平成24年2月29日検索］、インターネット〈URL：http://www.tepco.co.jp/e-rates/corporate/charge/charge09-j.html〉参照）。即ち、単位時間当りの電力使用量の最大値を低減することにより、電力コストを低減させることができる。 Alternatively, the heat storage system operates the refrigerator and pump during a time period when the amount of power used per unit time is low and stores the cold in the heat storage tank. This is a system that suppresses an increase in the maximum value of power consumption per unit time by supplying cold heat. In addition, the basic charge is set for the electricity charge for commercial power, with the largest amount of power used per unit time being the maximum demand power (for example, “commercial power (contract power less than 500kW) ) ", [Online], Tokyo Electric Power Co., Inc., [February 29, 2012 search], Internet <URL: http://www.tepco.co.jp/e-rates/corporate/charge/charge09-j .html>). That is, the power cost can be reduced by reducing the maximum value of the power consumption per unit time.
　蓄熱システムとして、特許文献１には、潜熱蓄熱槽を用いた潜熱蓄熱式冷房システムが開示されている。特許文献１に開示された潜熱蓄熱槽の内部には、潜熱蓄熱材が備えられ、蓄熱槽の容積当りの蓄熱効率を高くすることができるようになっている。 As a heat storage system, Patent Document 1 discloses a latent heat storage type cooling system using a latent heat storage tank. A latent heat storage material is provided inside the latent heat storage tank disclosed in Patent Document 1, and heat storage efficiency per volume of the heat storage tank can be increased.
特開平７－３３２７１４号公報JP 7-332714 A
　このような蓄熱システムにおいて、蓄冷時の消費エネルギ（例えば、冷凍機やポンプが消費する電力）の更なる低減が求められている。 In such a heat storage system, further reduction of energy consumption during cold storage (for example, electric power consumed by a refrigerator or a pump) is required.
　そこで、本発明は、蓄冷時の消費エネルギを低減させる蓄熱システムおよび蓄熱システムの蓄熱方法を提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heat storage system and a heat storage method for the heat storage system that reduce energy consumption during cold storage.
　このような課題を解決するために、本発明は、熱媒体を冷却する冷凍機と、冷熱を蓄冷する蓄熱槽と、前記冷凍機および前記蓄熱槽の間で前記熱媒体を循環させるポンプと、を備え、前記蓄熱槽は、少なくとも、第１蓄熱材が配置された第１蓄熱槽と、前記第１蓄熱材より融点が高い第２蓄熱材が配置された第２蓄熱槽と、を有し、前記第１蓄熱槽から前記第２蓄熱槽へと前記熱媒体が流れるように配置されることを特徴とする蓄熱システムである。 In order to solve such a problem, the present invention includes a refrigerator that cools a heat medium, a heat storage tank that stores cold heat, a pump that circulates the heat medium between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank, The heat storage tank includes at least a first heat storage tank in which the first heat storage material is disposed, and a second heat storage tank in which a second heat storage material having a higher melting point than the first heat storage material is disposed. The heat storage system is arranged such that the heat medium flows from the first heat storage tank to the second heat storage tank.
　また、本発明は、熱媒体を冷却する冷凍機と、冷熱を蓄冷する蓄熱槽と、前記冷凍機および前記蓄熱槽の間で前記熱媒体を循環させるポンプと、前記冷凍機で冷却された前記熱媒体の温度である冷凍機出口温度を制御する制御手段と、を備える蓄熱システムの蓄熱方法であって、前記蓄熱槽は、少なくとも、第１蓄熱材が配置された第１蓄熱槽と、前記第１蓄熱材より融点が高い第２蓄熱材が配置された第２蓄熱槽と、前記第２蓄熱材より融点が高い第３蓄熱材が配置された第３蓄熱槽と、を有し、前記第１蓄熱槽から前記第２蓄熱槽へと前記熱媒体が流れ、前記第２蓄熱槽から前記第３蓄熱槽へと前記熱媒体が流れるように配置され、前記制御手段は、前記冷凍機出口温度が第１目標温度となるように制御するステップと、前記冷凍機出口温度が前記第１目標温度よりも低い第２目標温度となるように制御するステップと、を実行することを特徴とする蓄熱システムの蓄熱方法である。 Further, the present invention provides a refrigerator that cools the heat medium, a heat storage tank that stores cold heat, a pump that circulates the heat medium between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank, and the refrigerator that is cooled by the refrigerator Control means for controlling the refrigerator outlet temperature, which is the temperature of the heat medium, and a heat storage method of a heat storage system, wherein the heat storage tank is at least a first heat storage tank in which a first heat storage material is disposed, A second heat storage tank in which a second heat storage material having a higher melting point than the first heat storage material is disposed, and a third heat storage tank in which a third heat storage material having a higher melting point than the second heat storage material is disposed, and The heat medium flows from the first heat storage tank to the second heat storage tank, and the heat medium flows from the second heat storage tank to the third heat storage tank. A step of controlling the temperature to become a first target temperature; A thermal storage method of thermal storage system, characterized by performing the steps of controlling so that the temperature becomes lower second target temperature than the first target temperature, the.
　本発明によれば、蓄冷時の消費エネルギを低減させる蓄熱システムおよび蓄熱システムの蓄熱方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat storage system and a heat storage method for the heat storage system that reduce energy consumption during cold storage.
第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムの構成図である。It is a lineblock diagram of the heat storage system concerning a 1st embodiment. 第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the thermal storage system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. 第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムの蓄冷運転処理のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the cool storage operation process of the heat storage system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. 第３実施形態に係る蓄熱システムの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the thermal storage system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. 第３実施形態に係る蓄熱システムの蓄冷運転処理のフローチャートである。It is a flowchart of the cool storage operation process of the heat storage system which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. 第４実施形態に係る蓄熱システムの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the thermal storage system which concerns on 4th Embodiment. 比較例に係る蓄熱システムの構成図である。It is a block diagram of the thermal storage system which concerns on a comparative example.
　以下、本発明を実施するための形態（以下「実施形態」という）について、適宜図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。なお、各図において、共通する部分には同一の符号を付し重複した説明を省略する。 Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiments”) will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate. In each figure, common portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
≪第１実施形態≫
　図１を用いて、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１について説明する。図１は、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１の構成図である。
　蓄熱システムＳ１は、冷水を冷却する冷凍機１と、冷水が供給される冷水コイル２（冷熱負荷）と、蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１、第２蓄熱槽２２）と、ポンプ３１，３２と、インバータ４１，４２と、ＥＣＵ（Electronic Control Unit；電子制御装置）５０と、各種温度センサ（６０，６１，６２，７１，７２，７３）と、冷水が流通可能な配管３，４ａ，５ａ，５ｂ，７ａ，７ｂ，８を備えている。 << First Embodiment >>
The heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment.
The heat storage system S1 includes a refrigerator 1 that cools cold water, a cold water coil 2 (cooling load) to which cold water is supplied, heat storage tanks (first heat storage tank 21 and second heat storage tank 22), and pumps 31 and 32. , Inverters 41, 42, ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 50, various temperature sensors (60, 61, 62, 71, 72, 73), and pipes 3, 4a, 5a, through which cold water can flow. 5b, 7a, 7b, 8 are provided.
　冷凍機１の出口と接続された配管３は、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部に接続されている。第１蓄熱槽２１の上部と接続された配管４ａは、第２蓄熱槽２２の下部に接続されている。第２蓄熱槽２２の上部と接続された配管５ａは、ポンプ３１の入口に接続されている。ポンプ３１の出口に接続された配管５ｂは、冷凍機１の入口に接続されている。
　このように、冷水が流通可能な配管３，４ａ，５ａ，５ｂが接続されることにより、冷凍機１の出口から配管３、第１蓄熱槽２１、配管４ａ、第２蓄熱槽２２、配管５ａ、ポンプ３１、配管５ｂを介して冷凍機１の入口に接続する第１冷水回路が形成されている。 The pipe 3 connected to the outlet of the refrigerator 1 is connected to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21. The pipe 4 a connected to the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 is connected to the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22. The pipe 5 a connected to the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 is connected to the inlet of the pump 31. The pipe 5 b connected to the outlet of the pump 31 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerator 1.
Thus, by connecting the pipes 3, 4 a, 5 a, 5 b through which cold water can flow, the pipe 3, the first heat storage tank 21, the pipe 4 a, the second heat storage tank 22, the pipe 5 a are connected from the outlet of the refrigerator 1. The 1st cold water circuit connected to the entrance of refrigerator 1 via pump 31 and piping 5b is formed.
　また、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部と接続された配管７ａは、ポンプ３２の入口に接続されている。ポンプ３２の出口と接続された配管７ｂは、冷水コイル２の入口に接続されている。冷水コイル２の出口と接続された配管８は、第２蓄熱槽２２の上部に接続されている。
　このように、冷水が流通可能な配管７ａ，７ｂ，８が接続されることにより、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部から、配管７ａ、ポンプ３２、配管７ｂ、冷水コイル２、配管８、第２蓄熱槽２２、配管４ａを介して第１蓄熱槽２１の上部に接続する第２冷水回路が形成されている。 The pipe 7 a connected to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 is connected to the inlet of the pump 32. The pipe 7 b connected to the outlet of the pump 32 is connected to the inlet of the cold water coil 2. The pipe 8 connected to the outlet of the cold water coil 2 is connected to the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22.
Thus, by connecting the pipes 7a, 7b, and 8 through which cold water can flow, the pipe 7a, the pump 32, the pipe 7b, the cold water coil 2, the pipe 8, and the second heat storage from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21. The 2nd cold water circuit connected to the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 via the tank 22 and the piping 4a is formed.
　冷凍機１は、配管５ｂが接続された冷凍機１の入口から流入した冷水を冷却して、配管３が接続された冷凍機１の出口から流出させることができるようになっている。なお、冷凍機１は、ＥＣＵ５０により、その動作が制御されるようになっている。 The refrigerator 1 can cool the cold water flowing from the inlet of the refrigerator 1 to which the pipe 5b is connected and can flow out from the outlet of the refrigerator 1 to which the pipe 3 is connected. The operation of the refrigerator 1 is controlled by the ECU 50.
　冷水コイル２は、例えば、冷水コイル２の設置された空調空間内の室内空気９を冷却する空気調和機（図示せず）の熱交換器であり、配管７ｂが接続された冷水コイル２の入口から流入した冷水と、室内空気９とを熱交換させることにより、室内空気９を冷却し、空調空間内を冷房することができるようになっている。そして、室内空気９と熱交換することにより吸熱した冷水は、配管８が接続された冷水コイル２の出口から流出させることができるようになっている。 The cold water coil 2 is, for example, a heat exchanger of an air conditioner (not shown) that cools indoor air 9 in an air-conditioned space where the cold water coil 2 is installed, and an inlet of the cold water coil 2 to which a pipe 7b is connected. By exchanging heat between the cold water flowing in from the indoor air 9 and the indoor air 9, the indoor air 9 can be cooled and the air-conditioned space can be cooled. And the cold water which absorbed heat by exchanging heat with room air 9 can be made to flow out from the exit of cold water coil 2 to which piping 8 was connected.
　第１蓄熱槽２１には、蓄熱材が封入された蓄熱材容器１１が複数個配置されており、蓄熱材の潜熱により蓄冷することができるようになっている。蓄熱材容器１１に封入された蓄熱材は、例えば、融点が８℃の蓄熱材である。
　第２蓄熱槽２２には、蓄熱材が封入された蓄熱材容器１２が複数個配置されており、蓄熱材の潜熱により蓄冷することができるようになっている。蓄熱材容器１２に封入された蓄熱材は、例えば、融点が１０℃の蓄熱材であり、蓄熱材容器１１に封入された蓄熱材よりも高い融点を有する蓄熱材を用いる。 The first heat storage tank 21 is provided with a plurality of heat storage material containers 11 in which a heat storage material is enclosed, and can be cooled by latent heat of the heat storage material. The heat storage material enclosed in the heat storage material container 11 is, for example, a heat storage material having a melting point of 8 ° C.
The second heat storage tank 22 is provided with a plurality of heat storage material containers 12 in which a heat storage material is enclosed, and can be cooled by the latent heat of the heat storage material. The heat storage material sealed in the heat storage material container 12 is, for example, a heat storage material having a melting point of 10 ° C., and a heat storage material having a higher melting point than the heat storage material sealed in the heat storage material container 11 is used.
　ポンプ３１は、第１冷水回路において、冷凍機１と蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１、第２蓄熱槽２２）との間で冷水を循環させることができるようになっている。なお、ポンプ３１は、インバータ４１を介して、ＥＣＵ５０により、その回転速度が制御され、流量を制御することができるようになっている。
　なお、ポンプ３１は、蓄熱槽（第２蓄熱槽２２）の上部から冷凍機１の入口へと接続する配管５ａ，５ｂに配置するものとして説明するが、これに限られるものではなく、冷凍機１の出口から蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１）の下部へと接続する配管３に配置するものであってもよい。 In the first cold water circuit, the pump 31 can circulate cold water between the refrigerator 1 and the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22). The pump 31 is controlled by the ECU 50 via the inverter 41 so that the rotational speed thereof can be controlled.
In addition, although the pump 31 is demonstrated as what is arrange | positioned in piping 5a, 5b connected to the inlet_port | entrance of the refrigerator 1 from the upper part of a thermal storage tank (2nd thermal storage tank 22), it is not restricted to this, A refrigerator You may arrange | position to the piping 3 connected to the lower part of a thermal storage tank (1st thermal storage tank 21) from 1 exit.
　ポンプ３２は、第２冷水回路において、蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１、第２蓄熱槽２２）と冷水コイル２との間で冷水を循環させることができるようになっている。なお、ポンプ３２は、インバータ４２を介して、ＥＣＵ５０により、その回転速度が制御され、流量を制御することができるようになっている。
　なお、ポンプ３２は、蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１）の下部から冷水コイル２の入口へと接続する配管７ａ，７ｂに配置するものとして説明するが、これに限られるものではなく、冷水コイル２の出口から蓄熱槽（第２蓄熱槽２２）の上部へと接続する配管８に配置するものであってもよい。 The pump 32 is configured to circulate cold water between the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22) and the cold water coil 2 in the second cold water circuit. Note that the rotational speed of the pump 32 is controlled by the ECU 50 via the inverter 42 so that the flow rate can be controlled.
In addition, although the pump 32 is demonstrated as what is arrange | positioned in piping 7a, 7b connected to the inlet_port | entrance of the cold water coil 2 from the lower part of a heat storage tank (1st heat storage tank 21), it is not restricted to this, A cold water coil You may arrange | position to the piping 8 connected to the upper part of a thermal storage tank (2nd thermal storage tank 22) from 2 exits.
　ＥＣＵ５０は、各種温度センサ（６０，６１，６２，７１，７２，７３）の検出温度に基づいて、冷凍機１の動作を制御するとともに、インバータ４１，４２を介してポンプ３１，３２の流量を制御することにより、蓄熱システムＳ１の運転を制御することができるようになっている。 The ECU 50 controls the operation of the refrigerator 1 based on the detected temperatures of the various temperature sensors (60, 61, 62, 71, 72, 73) and controls the flow rates of the pumps 31, 32 via the inverters 41, 42. By controlling, the operation of the heat storage system S1 can be controlled.
　温度センサ６０は、配管５ａに設けられ、冷凍機１の入口に流入する冷水の温度（冷凍機入口温度）を検出することができるようになっている。なお、温度センサ６０は、配管５ｂに設けられていてもよい。
　温度センサ６１は、配管３に設けられ、冷凍機１の出口から流出する冷水の温度（冷凍機出口温度）を検出することができるようになっている。
　温度センサ６２は、配管４ａに設けられ、ポンプ３１が動作する際の第１蓄熱槽２１から第２蓄熱槽２２に流入する冷水の温度（第１蓄熱槽出口温度）を検出することができるようになっている。また、温度センサ６２は、ポンプ３２が動作する際の第２蓄熱槽２２から第１蓄熱槽２１に流入する冷水の温度を検出することができるようになっている。 The temperature sensor 60 is provided in the pipe 5 a and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the inlet of the refrigerator 1 (the refrigerator inlet temperature). The temperature sensor 60 may be provided on the pipe 5b.
The temperature sensor 61 is provided in the pipe 3 and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing out from the outlet of the refrigerator 1 (the refrigerator outlet temperature).
The temperature sensor 62 is provided in the pipe 4a so that the temperature of the cold water flowing into the second heat storage tank 22 from the first heat storage tank 21 when the pump 31 operates (the first heat storage tank outlet temperature) can be detected. It has become. Moreover, the temperature sensor 62 can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the first heat storage tank 21 from the second heat storage tank 22 when the pump 32 operates.
　温度センサ７１は、配管７ｂに設けられ、冷水コイル２の入口に流入する冷水の温度を検出することができるようになっている。なお、温度センサ７１は、配管７ａに設けられていてもよい。
　温度センサ７２は、配管８に設けられ、冷水コイル２の出口から流出する冷水の温度を検出することができるようになっている。
　温度センサ７３は、空気調和機（図示せず）に設けられ、冷水コイル２で冷却された室内空気９の温度（空調空気温度）を検出することができるようになっている。 The temperature sensor 71 is provided in the pipe 7 b and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the inlet of the cold water coil 2. The temperature sensor 71 may be provided in the pipe 7a.
The temperature sensor 72 is provided in the pipe 8 and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing out from the outlet of the cold water coil 2.
The temperature sensor 73 is provided in an air conditioner (not shown) and can detect the temperature of the indoor air 9 (air-conditioned air temperature) cooled by the cold water coil 2.
　次に、ＥＣＵ５０が実行する蓄熱システムＳ１の運転制御について説明する。
　ＥＣＵ５０は、冷凍機１およびポンプ３１を動作させて蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１、第２蓄熱槽２２）に蓄冷する蓄冷運転と、ポンプ３２を動作させて蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１、第２蓄熱槽２２）に蓄冷された冷熱を冷水コイル２（冷熱負荷）に供給する冷熱供給運転と、をすることができるようになっている。 Next, operation control of the heat storage system S1 executed by the ECU 50 will be described.
The ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 to store heat in the heat storage tanks (first heat storage tank 21 and second heat storage tank 22), and operates the pump 32 to operate the heat storage tank (first heat storage tank 21, The cold supply operation which supplies the cold heat stored in the 2nd thermal storage tank 22) to the cold water coil 2 (cooling load) can be performed now.
＜蓄冷運転＞
　まず、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材および蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材が液体の状態であり、第１蓄熱槽２１および第２蓄熱槽２２に蓄冷された冷熱が全て使用された状態から、冷凍機１およびポンプ３１を動作させて蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１、第２蓄熱槽２２）に蓄冷する蓄冷運転について説明する。 <Cool storage operation>
First, from the state where the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11 and the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12 are in a liquid state and all the cold energy stored in the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22 is used, the refrigerator A cold storage operation in which 1 and the pump 31 are operated to store cold in the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22) will be described.
　第１蓄熱槽２１および第２蓄熱槽２２に蓄冷された冷熱が全て使用された状態では、第１蓄熱槽２１の内部の冷水の温度は蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材の融点８℃より高くなっており、また、第２蓄熱槽２２の内部の冷水の温度は蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材の融点１０℃より高くなっている。 In the state where all the cold energy stored in the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22 is used, the temperature of the cold water inside the first heat storage tank 21 is higher than the melting point 8 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11. In addition, the temperature of the cold water inside the second heat storage tank 22 is higher than the melting point 10 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
　ＥＣＵ５０はポンプ３１を動作させて、配管５ａ，５ｂを介して、第２蓄熱槽２２の上部から冷凍機１の入口に冷水を流入させる。この際、冷凍機入口温度は、１０℃以上となる。
　ＥＣＵ５０は温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度が所定の温度（例えば、５．０℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させる。
　これにより、冷凍機１およびポンプ３１は、第２蓄熱槽２２の上部から供給された１０℃以上の冷水を５．０℃まで冷却し、配管３を介して、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部に供給する。 The ECU 50 operates the pump 31 to cause cold water to flow from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1 through the pipes 5a and 5b. At this time, the refrigerator inlet temperature is 10 ° C. or higher.
The ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
Thereby, the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 cool the cold water of 10 ° C. or more supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to 5.0 ° C., and connect the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 via the pipe 3. Supply.
　第１蓄熱槽２１の下部から供給された５．０℃の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材（融点８℃）を冷却して、蓄熱材を液体の状態から固体の状態へと相変化させる。冷水の温度は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材に冷熱を供給したことにより約７．５℃まで上昇する。
　そして、約７．５℃の冷水は、配管４ａを介して、第１蓄熱槽２１の上部から第２蓄熱槽２２の下部へと供給される。 The cold water of 5.0 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 cools the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11 and changes the phase of the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Let The temperature of the cold water rises to about 7.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
And about 7.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 from the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 via the piping 4a.
　第２蓄熱槽２２の下部から供給された約７．５℃の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材（融点１０℃）を冷却して、蓄熱材を液体の状態から固体の状態へと相変化させる。冷水の温度は、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材に冷熱を供給したことにより約９．５℃まで上昇する。
　そして、約９．５℃の冷水は、第２蓄熱槽２２の上部から冷凍機１の入口へと供給される。冷凍機１は、第２蓄熱槽２２の上部から供給された約９．５℃の冷水を５．０℃まで冷却し、再び、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部に供給する。 The cold water of about 7.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 cools the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12 and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Change. The temperature of the cold water rises to about 9.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
Then, cold water at about 9.5 ° C. is supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1. The refrigerator 1 cools about 9.5 ° C. cold water supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 to 5.0 ° C. and supplies it again to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
　なお、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材および蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材が固体の状態となり、第１蓄熱槽２１および第２蓄熱槽２２の蓄冷が完了すると、冷凍機入口温度が冷凍機入口温度と略等しくなる。ＥＣＵ５０は、温度センサ６０で検出した冷凍機入口温度と温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度とが略等しくなったら（温度センサ６０で検出した冷凍機入口温度と温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度との温度差が所定の閾値未満となったら）、第１蓄熱槽２１および第２蓄熱槽２２の蓄冷が完了したと判定して、冷凍機１およびポンプ３１を停止させて蓄冷運転を終了する。 When the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11 and the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12 are in a solid state and the cold storage of the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22 is completed, the refrigerator inlet temperature is equal to the refrigerator inlet temperature. Almost equal. The ECU 50 detects that the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 are substantially equal (the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the refrigerator detected by the temperature sensor 61). When the temperature difference from the outlet temperature is less than a predetermined threshold value), it is determined that the cold storage in the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22 is completed, and the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 are stopped to perform the cold storage operation. finish.
＜冷熱供給運転＞
　次に、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材および蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材が固体の状態であり、ポンプ３２を動作させて蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１、第２蓄熱槽２２）に蓄冷された冷熱を冷水コイル２に供給する冷熱供給運転について説明する。 <Cooling supply operation>
Next, the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11 and the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12 are in a solid state, and the pump 32 is operated to cool the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22). A cold heat supply operation for supplying cold heat to the cold water coil 2 will be described.
　ＥＣＵ５０はポンプ３２を動作させて、配管７ａ，７ｂを介して、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部から冷水コイル２の入口に冷水を流入させる。この際、第１蓄熱槽２１および第２蓄熱槽２２の内部の冷水の温度は、冷熱が蓄冷された状態では、約５．０℃～８．０℃であり、この温度の冷水が冷水コイル２に供給される。 The ECU 50 operates the pump 32 to cause cold water to flow into the inlet of the cold water coil 2 from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 via the pipes 7a and 7b. At this time, the temperature of the cold water inside the first heat storage tank 21 and the second heat storage tank 22 is about 5.0 ° C. to 8.0 ° C. in a state where the cold heat is stored. 2 is supplied.
　冷水コイル２に供給された冷水は室内空気９を冷却することにより吸熱して、１４℃程度となって、配管８を介して、第２蓄熱槽２２の上部に流入する。 The cold water supplied to the cold water coil 2 absorbs heat by cooling the indoor air 9, reaches about 14 ° C., and flows into the upper portion of the second heat storage tank 22 through the pipe 8.
　第２蓄熱槽２２の上部から供給された１４℃程度の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材（融点１０℃）と熱交換することにより、約１０．５℃まで冷却される。
　そして、約１０．５℃の冷水は、配管４ａを介して、第２蓄熱槽２２の下部から第１蓄熱槽２１の上部へと供給される。 The cold water of about 14 ° C. supplied from the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 is cooled to about 10.5 ° C. by exchanging heat with the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12.
And about 10.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 from the lower part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 via the piping 4a.
　第１蓄熱槽２１の上部から供給された約１０．５℃の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材（融点８℃）と熱交換することにより、約８．５℃まで冷却される。
　そして、約８．５℃の冷水は、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部から冷水コイル２の入口へと供給される。 The cold water of about 10.5 ° C. supplied from the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 is cooled to about 8.5 ° C. by exchanging heat with the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11.
And about 8.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the inlet_port | entrance of the cold water coil 2 from the lower part of the 1st heat storage tank 21. FIG.
＜効果＞
　図７に示す比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃと対比しつつ、図１に示す第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１の効果について説明する。
　図７は、比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃの構成図である。比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃは、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１と比較して、融点８℃の蓄熱材が封入された蓄熱材容器１１が蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１）に複数個配置されており、蓄熱材の融点が１種類のみである点で相違する。また、配管５ａは、第１蓄熱槽２１の上部とポンプ３１の入口とを接続するようになっている。また、配管８は、冷水コイル２の出口と第１蓄熱槽２１の上部とを接続するようになっている。その他の構成は、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１と同様であり、説明を省略する。 <Effect>
The effects of the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described while comparing with the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example. As compared with the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example includes a plurality of heat storage material containers 11 in which a heat storage material having a melting point of 8 ° C. is enclosed in the heat storage tank (first heat storage tank 21). It differs in that the melting point of the heat storage material is only one type. The pipe 5 a connects the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 and the inlet of the pump 31. The pipe 8 connects the outlet of the cold water coil 2 and the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21. Other configurations are the same as those of the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
　比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃの蓄冷運転において、ＥＣＵ５０はポンプ３１を動作させるとともに、温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度が所定の温度（例えば、５．０℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させる。
　ここで、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部から供給された５．０℃の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材（融点８℃）を冷却して、蓄熱材を液体の状態から固体の状態へと相変化させる。冷水の温度は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材に冷熱を供給したことにより約７．５℃まで上昇する。 In the cold storage operation of the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example, the ECU 50 operates the pump 31 and the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature (for example, 5.0 ° C.). To work.
Here, the cold water of 5.0 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 cools the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11, and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. And phase change. The temperature of the cold water rises to about 7.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
　このように、比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃの蓄冷運転において、冷凍機１は約７．５℃の冷水を５．０℃まで冷却するように動作する。これに対し、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１の蓄冷運転において、冷凍機１は約９．５℃の冷水を５．０℃まで冷却するように動作する。 Thus, in the cold storage operation of the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example, the refrigerator 1 operates to cool approximately 7.5 ° C. cold water to 5.0 ° C. On the other hand, in the cold storage operation of the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, the refrigerator 1 operates to cool approximately 9.5 ° C. cold water to 5.0 ° C.
　ここで、配管や蓄熱槽壁面からの放熱等によるロスを無視するものとして、冷凍機１で生成した冷熱の全量が蓄熱槽に蓄熱されたとすると、冷凍機１が蓄熱槽に蓄熱した冷熱の熱量（蓄冷熱量）は、以下の式（１）で表すことができる。 Here, assuming that the total amount of cold generated by the refrigerator 1 is stored in the heat storage tank, assuming that the loss due to heat radiation from the piping or the wall of the heat storage tank is ignored, the amount of cold heat stored in the heat storage tank by the refrigerator 1 (Cool storage heat amount) can be expressed by the following equation (1).
　蓄冷熱量＝α×（冷凍機入口温度－冷凍機出口温度）×冷凍機ポンプ３１の全流量…（１）
　なお、αは、冷凍機１で冷却される熱媒体（水）の比熱および密度から定まる係数である。 Cold storage heat quantity = α × (refrigerator inlet temperature−refrigerator outlet temperature) × total flow rate of refrigerator pump 31 (1)
Α is a coefficient determined from the specific heat and density of the heat medium (water) cooled by the refrigerator 1.
　第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１と、比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃとを比較する。比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃは、冷凍機入口温度を高くすることができない、即ち、「冷凍機入口温度－冷凍機出口温度」を大きくすることができない。このため、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１と、比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃとにおいて、同量の蓄冷熱量を蓄冷する場合、比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃは、冷凍機ポンプ３１の流量（回転速度）を高くする必要がある。換言すれば、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１は、「冷凍機入口温度－冷凍機出口温度」を大きくすることにより、冷凍機ポンプ３１の流量を小さくすることができる。
　これにより、冷凍機ポンプ３１で消費されるエネルギを削減することができる。また、高価な大流量ポンプを必要としないため、その点において、蓄熱システムＳ１を安価に構成することができる。また、ランニングコストの低減、即ち、ＣＯ2 の排出抑制にもなる。 The heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment is compared with the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example. The heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example cannot increase the refrigerator inlet temperature, that is, cannot increase “refrigerator inlet temperature−refrigerator outlet temperature”. For this reason, in the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment and the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example, when the same amount of cold storage heat is stored, the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example has a flow rate of the refrigerator pump 31 ( (Rotational speed) needs to be increased. In other words, the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment can reduce the flow rate of the refrigerator pump 31 by increasing “refrigerator inlet temperature−refrigerator outlet temperature”.
Thereby, the energy consumed by the refrigerator pump 31 can be reduced. Moreover, since an expensive large flow pump is not required, the heat storage system S1 can be configured at a low cost. In addition, the running cost is reduced, that is, CO 2 emission is suppressed.
　ここで、前述した温度を例に説明する。
　第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１の冷凍機出口温度が５．０℃であり、冷凍機入口温度が約９．５℃であったとすると、冷凍機１の出入口の温度差は約４．５℃となる。
　これに対し、比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳ１の冷凍機出口温度が５．０℃であったとすると、冷凍機入口温度は約７．５℃となり、冷凍機１の出入口の温度差は約２．５℃となる。 Here, the above-described temperature will be described as an example.
If the refrigerator outlet temperature of the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment is 5.0 ° C. and the refrigerator inlet temperature is about 9.5 ° C., the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the refrigerator 1 is about 4.5. It becomes ℃.
On the other hand, if the refrigerator outlet temperature of the heat storage system S1 according to the comparative example is 5.0 ° C., the refrigerator inlet temperature is about 7.5 ° C., and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the refrigerator 1 is about 2. 5 ° C.
　このように、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１は、比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃと比較して、温度差を約２倍にすることができるので、冷凍機ポンプ３１の流量を約１／２とすることができる。
　なお、ポンプの流量が５０％〔1/2〕となると、ポンプの消費エネルギは１２．５％〔(1/2)3 〕まで減少することが知られている。比較例に係る蓄熱システムＳｃにおいて蓄熱時に消費するエネルギ（冷凍機１の消費エネルギ、冷凍機ポンプ３１の消費エネルギ等の総和）のうち冷凍機ポンプ３１の消費エネルギが占める割合が１０％であったとした場合、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１はシステム全体の消費エネルギを約９％削減することができる。 As described above, the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment can make the temperature difference about twice as high as that of the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example. 2 can be used.
It is known that when the flow rate of the pump reaches 50% [1/2], the energy consumption of the pump decreases to 12.5% [(1/2) 3 ]. In the heat storage system Sc according to the comparative example, the proportion of the energy consumed by the refrigerator pump 31 in the energy consumed during heat storage (the sum of the energy consumed by the refrigerator 1 and the energy consumed by the refrigerator pump 31) was 10%. In this case, the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment can reduce the energy consumption of the entire system by about 9%.
　さらに、冷凍機出口温度が同じ場合、冷凍機入口温度が高いほど、冷凍機１のＣＯＰ（Coefficient Of Performance；成績係数）が向上することが知られている。このため、冷凍機１においても消費エネルギを削減することができる。また、ＣＯ2 の排出抑制にもなる。 Furthermore, when the refrigerator outlet temperature is the same, it is known that the COP (Coefficient Of Performance) of the refrigerator 1 is improved as the refrigerator inlet temperature is higher. For this reason, also in the refrigerator 1, energy consumption can be reduced. It also reduces CO 2 emissions.
　このように、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１によれば、蓄冷運転時の消費エネルギを削減して、蓄熱システムＳ１全体の運転効率を向上させることができる。 Thus, according to the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, the energy consumption during the cold storage operation can be reduced, and the operation efficiency of the entire heat storage system S1 can be improved.
≪第２実施形態≫
　次に、図２を用いて、第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２について説明する。図２は、第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２の構成図である。なお、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１と共通する点については、説明を省略する。
　蓄熱システムＳ２は、蓄熱槽として３つの蓄熱槽を備えている。即ち、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１（図１参照）に加え、第３蓄熱槽２３と、配管４ｂと、温度センサ６３と、を更に備えている。 << Second Embodiment >>
Next, the heat storage system S2 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a heat storage system S2 according to the second embodiment. In addition, description is abbreviate | omitted about the point which is common in heat storage system S1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
The heat storage system S2 includes three heat storage tanks as heat storage tanks. That is, in addition to the heat storage system S1 (refer FIG. 1) which concerns on 1st Embodiment, the 3rd heat storage tank 23, the piping 4b, and the temperature sensor 63 are further provided.
　第２蓄熱槽２２の上部と接続された配管４ｂは、第３蓄熱槽２３の下部に接続されている。また、配管５ａは、第３蓄熱槽２３の上部とポンプ３１の入口とを接続するようになっている。また、配管８は、冷水コイル２の出口と第３蓄熱槽２３の上部とを接続するようになっている。 The pipe 4 b connected to the upper part of the second heat storage tank 22 is connected to the lower part of the third heat storage tank 23. Further, the pipe 5 a connects the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 and the inlet of the pump 31. The pipe 8 connects the outlet of the cold water coil 2 and the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23.
　第３蓄熱槽２３には、蓄熱材が封入された蓄熱材容器１３が複数個配置されており、蓄熱材の潜熱により蓄冷することができるようになっている。蓄熱材容器１３に封入された蓄熱材は、例えば、融点が１３℃の蓄熱材であり、蓄熱材容器１２に封入された蓄熱材よりも高い融点を有する蓄熱材を用いる。 In the third heat storage tank 23, a plurality of heat storage material containers 13 in which a heat storage material is enclosed are arranged so that cold storage can be performed by the latent heat of the heat storage material. The heat storage material enclosed in the heat storage material container 13 is, for example, a heat storage material having a melting point of 13 ° C., and a heat storage material having a higher melting point than the heat storage material enclosed in the heat storage material container 12 is used.
　温度センサ６３は、配管４ｂに設けられ、ポンプ３１が動作する際の第２蓄熱槽２２から第３蓄熱槽２３に流入する冷水の温度（第２蓄熱槽出口温度）を検出することができるようになっている。また、温度センサ６３は、ポンプ３２が動作する際の第３蓄熱槽２３から第２蓄熱槽２２に流入する冷水の温度を検出することができるようになっている。 The temperature sensor 63 is provided in the pipe 4b, and can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the third heat storage tank 23 from the second heat storage tank 22 when the pump 31 operates (second heat storage tank outlet temperature). It has become. Moreover, the temperature sensor 63 can detect the temperature of the cold water flowing into the second heat storage tank 22 from the third heat storage tank 23 when the pump 32 operates.
＜蓄冷運転＞
　次に、ＥＣＵ５０が実行する蓄熱システムＳ２の蓄冷運転制御について説明する。図３は、第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２の蓄冷運転処理のフローチャートである。 <Cool storage operation>
Next, the cold storage operation control of the heat storage system S2 executed by the ECU 50 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the cold storage operation process of the heat storage system S2 according to the second embodiment.
　第１蓄熱槽２１、第２蓄熱槽２２および第３蓄熱槽２３に蓄冷された冷熱が全て使用された状態では、第１蓄熱槽２１の内部の冷水の温度は蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材の融点８℃より高くなっており、また、第２蓄熱槽２２の内部の冷水の温度は蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材の融点１０℃より高くなっており、また、第３蓄熱槽２３の内部の冷水の温度は蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材の融点１３℃より高くなっている。 In the state where all the cold energy stored in the first heat storage tank 21, the second heat storage tank 22 and the third heat storage tank 23 is used, the temperature of the cold water inside the first heat storage tank 21 is the temperature of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11. The melting point is higher than 8 ° C., and the temperature of the cold water inside the second heat storage tank 22 is higher than the melting point 10 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12. The temperature of the cold water is higher than the melting point 13 ° C. of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
　ステップＳ１０１において、ＥＣＵ５０は、冷凍機１およびポンプ３１を動作させる。ここで、ＥＣＵ５０は温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度が所定の温度Ｔ１（例えば、８．５℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させる。ここで、所定の温度Ｔ１は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材の融点（８℃）より高く、かつ、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材の融点（１０℃）および蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材の融点（１３℃）よりも低い温度が設定される。 In step S101, the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31. Here, the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.). Here, the predetermined temperature T1 is higher than the melting point (8 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11, and the melting point (10 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12 and the melting point of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13. A temperature lower than (13 ° C.) is set.
　ステップＳ１０２において、ＥＣＵ５０は、温度センサ６０で検出した冷凍機入口温度と温度センサ６３で検出した第２蓄熱槽出口温度との温度差が所定の閾値Ｘ１未満であるか否かを判定する。ここで、所定の閾値Ｘ１は、冷凍機入口温度（第３蓄熱槽出口温度）と第２蓄熱槽出口温度（第３蓄熱槽入口温度）とが略等しいか否かを判定するための閾値である。 In step S102, the ECU 50 determines whether the temperature difference between the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the second heat storage tank outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 63 is less than a predetermined threshold value X1. Here, the predetermined threshold value X1 is a threshold value for determining whether or not the refrigerator inlet temperature (third heat storage tank outlet temperature) and the second heat storage tank outlet temperature (third heat storage tank inlet temperature) are substantially equal. is there.
　温度差が所定の閾値Ｘ１未満でない場合（Ｓ１０２・Ｎｏ）、ＥＣＵ５０の処理は、ステップＳ１０２を繰り返す。温度差が所定の閾値Ｘ１未満である場合（Ｓ１０２・Ｙｅｓ）、ＥＣＵ５０の処理は、ステップＳ１０３に進む。 When the temperature difference is not less than the predetermined threshold value X1 (S102 / No), the ECU 50 repeats step S102. When the temperature difference is less than the predetermined threshold value X1 (S102 / Yes), the process of the ECU 50 proceeds to step S103.
　ステップＳ１０３において、ＥＣＵ５０は温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度が所定の温度Ｔ２（例えば、５．０℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させる。ここで、所定の温度Ｔ２は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材の融点（８℃）よりも低い温度が設定される。 In step S103, the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature T2 (for example, 5.0 ° C.). Here, the predetermined temperature T2 is set to a temperature lower than the melting point (8 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
　ステップＳ１０４において、ＥＣＵ５０は、温度センサ６０で検出した冷凍機入口温度と温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度との温度差が所定の閾値Ｘ２未満であるか否かを判定する。ここで、所定の閾値Ｘ２は、冷凍機入口温度と冷凍機出口温度とが略等しいか否かを判定するための閾値である。 In step S104, the ECU 50 determines whether the temperature difference between the refrigerator inlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 60 and the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 is less than a predetermined threshold value X2. Here, the predetermined threshold value X2 is a threshold value for determining whether or not the refrigerator inlet temperature and the refrigerator outlet temperature are substantially equal.
　温度差が所定の閾値Ｘ２未満でない場合（Ｓ１０４・Ｎｏ）、ＥＣＵ５０の処理は、ステップＳ１０４を繰り返す。温度差が所定の閾値Ｘ２未満である場合（Ｓ１０４・Ｙｅｓ）、ＥＣＵ５０の処理は、ステップＳ１０５に進む。 If the temperature difference is not less than the predetermined threshold value X2 (No in S104), the ECU 50 repeats Step S104. When the temperature difference is less than the predetermined threshold value X2 (S104 / Yes), the process of the ECU 50 proceeds to step S105.
　ステップＳ１０５において、ＥＣＵ５０は、冷凍機１およびポンプ３１を停止させて蓄冷運転を終了する。 In step S105, the ECU 50 stops the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31 and ends the cold storage operation.
＜効果＞
　図２および図３に示す第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２の効果について説明する。 <Effect>
The effect of heat storage system S2 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is demonstrated.
　ステップＳ１０１に示すように、ＥＣＵ５０は、ポンプ３１を動作させるとともに、温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度がＴ１（例えば、８．５℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させるようになっている。 As shown in step S101, the ECU 50 operates the pump 31 and operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.). ing.
　第１蓄熱槽２１の下部から供給された８．５℃の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材の融点（８℃）より高温であるため、第１蓄熱槽２１では、蓄熱材の潜熱による温度上昇はしないで、配管４ａを介して、第１蓄熱槽２１の上部から第２蓄熱槽２２の下部へと供給される。 Since the 8.5 degreeC cold water supplied from the lower part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 is higher than melting | fusing point (8 degreeC) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11, in the 1st heat storage tank 21, it is by the latent heat of a heat storage material. The temperature is not increased and is supplied from the upper part of the first heat storage tank 21 to the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 through the pipe 4a.
　第２蓄熱槽２２の下部から供給された冷水は、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材（融点１０℃）を冷却して、蓄熱材を液体の状態から固体の状態へと相変化させる。冷水の温度は、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材に冷熱を供給したことにより約９．５℃まで上昇する。
　そして、約９．５℃の冷水は、配管４ｂを介して、第２蓄熱槽２２の上部から第３蓄熱槽２３の下部へと供給される。 The cold water supplied from the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 cools the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12 and changes the phase of the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. The temperature of the cold water rises to about 9.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
And about 9.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 3rd heat storage tank 23 from the upper part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 via the piping 4b.
　第３蓄熱槽２３の下部から供給された約９．５℃の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材（融点１３℃）を冷却して、蓄熱材を液体の状態から固体の状態へと相変化させる。冷水の温度は、蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材に冷熱を供給したことにより約１２．５℃まで上昇する。
　そして、約１２．５℃の冷水は、第３蓄熱槽２３の上部から冷凍機１の入口へと供給される。冷凍機１は、第３蓄熱槽２３の上部から供給された約１２．５℃の冷水を８．５℃まで冷却し、再び、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部に供給する。 The cold water of about 9.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the third heat storage tank 23 cools the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Change. The temperature of the cold water rises to about 12.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13.
Then, the cold water of about 12.5 ° C. is supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1. The refrigerator 1 cools about 12.5 ° C. cold water supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to 8.5 ° C., and supplies it again to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
　ステップＳ１０２に示すように、ＥＣＵ５０は、冷凍機入口温度（第３蓄熱槽出口温度）と第２蓄熱槽出口温度（第３蓄熱槽入口温度）とが略等しいか否かを判定することにより、蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材（融点１３℃）が全て固体の状態へと相変化したか否かを判定するようになっている。ここで、蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材（融点１３℃）が全て固体の状態へと相変化すると、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材の潜熱のみにより冷水の温度が上昇することとなるため、冷凍機入口温度を高くすることができず、即ち、「冷凍機入口温度－冷凍機出口温度」を大きくすることができない。このため、ＥＣＵ５０は、ステップＳ１０２・Ｙｅｓと判定して、ステップＳ１０３の処理に進み、温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度がＴ２（例えば、５．０℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させるようになっている。 As shown in step S102, the ECU 50 determines whether the refrigerator inlet temperature (third heat storage tank outlet temperature) and the second heat storage tank outlet temperature (third heat storage tank inlet temperature) are substantially equal. It is determined whether or not the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 has completely changed to a solid state. Here, when the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 is all changed to a solid state, the temperature of the cold water is increased only by the latent heat of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12. The inlet temperature cannot be increased, that is, “refrigerator inlet temperature−refrigerator outlet temperature” cannot be increased. For this reason, ECU50 determines as step S102 * Yes, progresses to the process of step S103, and sets the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected with the temperature sensor 61 may become T2 (for example, 5.0 degreeC). It is supposed to work.
　第１蓄熱槽２１の下部から供給された５．０℃の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材（融点８℃）を冷却して、蓄熱材を液体の状態から固体の状態へと相変化させる。冷水の温度は、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材に冷熱を供給したことにより約７．５℃まで上昇する。
　そして、約７．５℃の冷水は、配管４ａを介して、第１蓄熱槽２１の上部から第２蓄熱槽２２の下部へと供給される。 The cold water of 5.0 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21 cools the heat storage material (melting point 8 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 11 and changes the phase of the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Let The temperature of the cold water rises to about 7.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11.
And about 7.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 from the upper part of the 1st heat storage tank 21 via the piping 4a.
　第２蓄熱槽２２の下部から供給された約７．５℃の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材（融点１０℃）を冷却して、蓄熱材を液体の状態から固体の状態へと相変化させる。冷水の温度は、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材に冷熱を供給したことにより約９．５℃まで上昇する。
　そして、約９．５℃の冷水は、配管４ｂを介して、第２蓄熱槽２２の上部から第３蓄熱槽２３の下部へと供給される。 The cold water of about 7.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22 cools the heat storage material (melting point 10 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 12 and changes the heat storage material from a liquid state to a solid state. Change. The temperature of the cold water rises to about 9.5 ° C. by supplying cold heat to the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12.
And about 9.5 degreeC cold water is supplied to the lower part of the 3rd heat storage tank 23 from the upper part of the 2nd heat storage tank 22 via the piping 4b.
　第３蓄熱槽２３の下部から供給された約９．５℃の冷水は、蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材（融点１３℃）が全て固体の状態へと相変化しているため、蓄熱材の潜熱による温度上昇はしない。
　そして、約９．５℃の冷水は、第３蓄熱槽２３の上部から冷凍機１の入口へと供給される。冷凍機１は、第３蓄熱槽２３の上部から供給された約９．５℃の冷水を５．０℃まで冷却し、再び、第１蓄熱槽２１の下部に供給する。 The cold water of about 9.5 ° C. supplied from the lower part of the third heat storage tank 23 has all of the phase change of the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 to a solid state, so the latent heat of the heat storage material The temperature does not increase due to.
Then, the cold water of about 9.5 ° C. is supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to the inlet of the refrigerator 1. The refrigerator 1 cools about 9.5 ° C. cold water supplied from the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 to 5.0 ° C. and supplies it again to the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
　そして、ステップＳ１０４に示すように、ＥＣＵ５０は、冷凍機入口温度と冷凍機出口温度とが略等しいか否かを判定することにより、蓄熱材容器１１の蓄熱材、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材および蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材が固体の状態となり、蓄熱槽（第１蓄熱槽２１、第２蓄熱槽２２および第３蓄熱槽２３）の蓄冷が完了したか否かを判定して、蓄冷運転を終了するようになっている。 Then, as shown in step S104, the ECU 50 determines whether or not the refrigerator inlet temperature and the refrigerator outlet temperature are substantially equal, whereby the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 11, the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12, and The heat storage material in the heat storage material container 13 is in a solid state, and it is determined whether or not the heat storage tank (the first heat storage tank 21, the second heat storage tank 22, and the third heat storage tank 23) has completed the cold storage operation. It is supposed to end.
ここで、冷凍機出口温度を高くすると、冷凍機１のＣＯＰ（Coefficient Of Performance；成績係数）が向上することが知られている。このため、第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２によれば、冷凍機出口温度をＴ１およびＴ２の２段階で制御して蓄冷することができるため、冷凍機出口温度をＴ２のみで制御して蓄冷する蓄熱システムと比較して、冷凍機１の消費エネルギを削減することができる。 Here, it is known that when the refrigerator outlet temperature is increased, the COP (Coefficient Of Performance) of the refrigerator 1 is improved. For this reason, according to the heat storage system S2 according to the second embodiment, the refrigerator outlet temperature can be controlled and stored in two stages of T1 and T2, so that the refrigerator outlet temperature is controlled only by T2 and stored. The energy consumption of the refrigerator 1 can be reduced as compared with the heat storage system.
　また、Ｔ１は、蓄熱材容器１２の蓄熱材の融点（１０℃）および蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材の融点（１３℃）より小さくなるように設定される。このようにＴ１を設定することにより、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１と同様に「冷凍機入口温度－冷凍機出口温度」を大きくして、ポンプ３１の消費エネルギを削減することができる。 T1 is set to be smaller than the melting point (10 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 12 and the melting point (13 ° C.) of the heat storage material of the heat storage material container 13. By setting T1 in this way, as in the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, “refrigerator inlet temperature−refrigerator outlet temperature” can be increased, and energy consumption of the pump 31 can be reduced.
　また、蓄熱材容器１３の蓄熱材（融点１３℃）が全て固体の状態へと相変化したと判定すると（Ｓ１０２・Ｙｅｓ参照）、ＥＣＵ５０は冷凍機出口温度がＴ１からＴ２となるように制御するので、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１と同様に「冷凍機入口温度－冷凍機出口温度」を大きくして、ポンプ３１の消費エネルギを削減することができる。 When it is determined that the heat storage material (melting point 13 ° C.) of the heat storage material container 13 has completely changed to a solid state (see S102 / Yes), the ECU 50 controls the refrigerator outlet temperature from T1 to T2. Therefore, similarly to the heat storage system S1 according to the first embodiment, the “refrigerator inlet temperature−refrigerator outlet temperature” can be increased, and the energy consumption of the pump 31 can be reduced.
　このように、第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２によれば、蓄冷運転時の消費エネルギを削減して、蓄熱システムＳ２全体の運転効率を向上させることができる。 Thus, according to the heat storage system S2 according to the second embodiment, the energy consumption during the cold storage operation can be reduced and the operation efficiency of the entire heat storage system S2 can be improved.
≪第３実施形態≫
　次に、図４を用いて、第３実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ３について説明する。図４は、第３実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ３の構成図である。なお、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１および第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２と共通する点については、説明を省略する。 << Third Embodiment >>
Next, the heat storage system S3 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a heat storage system S3 according to the third embodiment. In addition, description is abbreviate | omitted about the point which is common in heat storage system S1 which concerns on 1st Embodiment, and heat storage system S2 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.
　蓄熱システムＳ３は、冷凍機１の出口と第１蓄熱槽２１の下部とを接続する配管３に替えて、配管３ａと、第１バルブ８１と、配管３ｂとを備えている。
　また、蓄熱システムＳ３は、配管６ａと、第２バルブ８２と、配管６ｂとを備え、配管３ａと第２蓄熱槽２２の下部とを接続するようになっている。
　また、蓄熱システムＳ３は、第３蓄熱槽２３の上部とポンプ３１の入口とを接続する配管５ａに替えて、配管５ａａと、第３バルブ８３と、配管５ａｂとを備えている。
　また、蓄熱システムＳ３は、配管６ｃと、第４バルブ８４と、配管６ｄとを備え、配管４と配管５ａｂとを接続するようになっている。 The heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 3a, a first valve 81, and a pipe 3b instead of the pipe 3 that connects the outlet of the refrigerator 1 and the lower part of the first heat storage tank 21.
The heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 6a, a second valve 82, and a pipe 6b, and connects the pipe 3a and the lower part of the second heat storage tank 22.
The heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 5aa, a third valve 83, and a pipe 5ab instead of the pipe 5a connecting the upper part of the third heat storage tank 23 and the inlet of the pump 31.
The heat storage system S3 includes a pipe 6c, a fourth valve 84, and a pipe 6d, and connects the pipe 4 and the pipe 5ab.
　第１バルブ８１は、ＥＣＵ５０により開閉が制御される電磁弁であり、開弁状態で配管３ａと配管３ｂを流通可能とし、閉弁状態で配管３ａと配管３ｂの流通を閉塞するようになっている。
　第２バルブ８２は、ＥＣＵ５０により開閉が制御される電磁弁であり、開弁状態で配管６ａと配管６ｂを流通可能とし、閉弁状態で配管６ａと配管６ｂの流通を閉塞するようになっている。
　第３バルブ８３は、ＥＣＵ５０により開閉が制御される電磁弁であり、開弁状態で配管５ａａと配管５ａｂを流通可能とし、閉弁状態で配管５ａａと配管５ａｂの流通を閉塞するようになっている。
　第４バルブ８４は、ＥＣＵ５０により開閉が制御される電磁弁であり、開弁状態で配管６ｃと配管６ｄを流通可能とし、閉弁状態で配管６ｃと配管６ｄの流通を閉塞するようになっている。 The first valve 81 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50. The first valve 81 can flow through the piping 3a and the piping 3b when the valve is open, and closes the flow between the piping 3a and the piping 3b when the valve is closed. Yes.
The second valve 82 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50. The second valve 82 can flow through the pipe 6a and the pipe 6b when the valve is open, and closes the flow between the pipe 6a and the pipe 6b when the valve is closed. Yes.
The third valve 83 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50. The third valve 83 allows the piping 5aa and the piping 5ab to flow in the opened state, and closes the flow of the piping 5aa and the piping 5ab in the closed state. Yes.
The fourth valve 84 is an electromagnetic valve whose opening and closing is controlled by the ECU 50, and allows the piping 6c and the piping 6d to flow in the open state, and closes the piping 6c and the piping 6d in the closed state. Yes.
＜蓄冷運転＞
　次に、ＥＣＵ５０が実行する蓄熱システムＳ３の蓄冷運転制御について説明する。図５は、第３実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ３の蓄冷運転処理のフローチャートである。
　ここで、蓄熱システムＳ３の蓄冷運転処理（図４参照）は、蓄熱システムＳ２の蓄冷運転処理（図２参照）と比較して、Ｓ１０１およびＳ１０３に替えて、Ｓ１０１ＡおよびＳ１０３Ａを実行する点で異なっている。他の点は同様であり説明を省略する。 <Cool storage operation>
Next, cold storage operation control of the heat storage system S3 executed by the ECU 50 will be described. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the cold storage operation process of the heat storage system S3 according to the third embodiment.
Here, the cool storage operation process (see FIG. 4) of the heat storage system S3 is different from the cool storage operation process (see FIG. 2) of the heat storage system S2 in that S101A and S103A are executed instead of S101 and S103. ing. The other points are the same and will not be described.
　ステップＳ１０１Ａにおいて、ＥＣＵ５０は、第１バルブ８１および第４バルブ８４を閉弁し、第２バルブ８２および第３バルブ８３を開弁し、冷凍機１およびポンプ３１を動作させる。ここで、ＥＣＵ５０は温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度が所定の温度Ｔ１（例えば、８．５℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させる。 In step S101A, the ECU 50 closes the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, opens the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, and operates the refrigerator 1 and the pump 31. Here, the ECU 50 operates the refrigerator 1 so that the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 becomes a predetermined temperature T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.).
　ステップＳ１０３Ａにおいて、ＥＣＵ５０は、第１バルブ８１および第４バルブ８４を開弁し、第２バルブ８２および第３バルブ８３を閉弁し、温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度が所定の温度Ｔ２（例えば、５．０℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させる。 In step S103A, the ECU 50 opens the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, closes the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, and the refrigerator outlet temperature detected by the temperature sensor 61 is a predetermined temperature T2. The refrigerator 1 is operated so that it becomes (for example, 5.0 degreeC).
＜効果＞
　図４および図５に示す第３実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ３の効果について説明する。 <Effect>
The effect of the heat storage system S3 according to the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 will be described.
　ステップＳ１０１Ａに示すように、ＥＣＵ５０は、第１バルブ８１および第４バルブ８４を閉弁し、第２バルブ８２および第３バルブ８３を開弁し、ポンプ３１を動作させるとともに、温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度がＴ１（例えば、８．５℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させるようになっている。 As shown in step S101A, the ECU 50 closes the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, opens the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, operates the pump 31, and detects it with the temperature sensor 61. The refrigerator 1 is operated such that the temperature at the outlet of the refrigerator is T1 (for example, 8.5 ° C.).
　このように、第１～第４バルブ８１～８４を切り替えることにより、冷凍機１の出口から配管３ａ、配管６ａ、第２バルブ８２、配管６ｂ、第２蓄熱槽２２、配管４ｂ、第３蓄熱槽２３、配管５ａａ、第３バルブ８３、配管５ａｂ、ポンプ３１、配管５ｂを介して冷凍機１の入口に接続する冷水回路が形成され、温度Ｔ１の冷水では蓄熱材が固体状態とならない第１蓄熱槽２１をバイパスするようになっている。
　これにより、冷水が第１蓄熱槽２１を流れる際の圧損を低減して、ポンプ３１の負荷を低減し、ポンプ３１の効率を向上させることができる。 In this way, by switching the first to fourth valves 81 to 84, the pipe 3a, the pipe 6a, the second valve 82, the pipe 6b, the second heat storage tank 22, the pipe 4b, the third heat storage from the outlet of the refrigerator 1 are performed. A chilled water circuit connected to the inlet of the refrigerator 1 is formed through the tank 23, the pipe 5aa, the third valve 83, the pipe 5ab, the pump 31, and the pipe 5b, and the first heat storage material is not in a solid state with the cold water at the temperature T1. The heat storage tank 21 is bypassed.
Thereby, the pressure loss at the time of cold water flowing through the 1st heat storage tank 21 can be reduced, the load of the pump 31 can be reduced, and the efficiency of the pump 31 can be improved.
　ステップＳ１０３Ａに示すように、ＥＣＵ５０は、第１バルブ８１および第４バルブ８４を開弁し、第２バルブ８２および第３バルブ８３を閉弁し、ポンプ３１を動作させるとともに、温度センサ６１で検出した冷凍機出口温度がＴ２（例えば、５．０℃）となるように冷凍機１を動作させるようになっている。 As shown in step S103A, the ECU 50 opens the first valve 81 and the fourth valve 84, closes the second valve 82 and the third valve 83, operates the pump 31, and detects it with the temperature sensor 61. The refrigerator 1 is operated so that the outlet temperature of the refrigerator is T2 (for example, 5.0 ° C.).
　このように、第１～第４バルブ８１～８４を切り替えることにより、冷凍機１の出口から配管３ａ、第１バルブ８１、配管３ｂ、第１蓄熱槽２１、配管４ａ、第２蓄熱槽２２、配管４ｂ、配管６ｃ、第４バルブ８４、配管６ｄ、配管５ａｂ、ポンプ３１、配管５ｂを介して冷凍機１の入口に接続する冷水回路が形成され、既に蓄熱材が固体状態となっている第３蓄熱槽２３をバイパスするようになっている。
　これにより、冷水が第１蓄熱槽２１を流れる際の圧損を低減して、ポンプ３１の負荷を低減し、ポンプ３１の効率を向上させることができる。 In this way, by switching the first to fourth valves 81 to 84, the pipe 3a, the first valve 81, the pipe 3b, the first heat storage tank 21, the pipe 4a, the second heat storage tank 22, from the outlet of the refrigerator 1 A chilled water circuit connected to the inlet of the refrigerator 1 is formed through the pipe 4b, the pipe 6c, the fourth valve 84, the pipe 6d, the pipe 5ab, the pump 31, and the pipe 5b, and the heat storage material is already in a solid state. 3 The heat storage tank 23 is bypassed.
Thereby, the pressure loss at the time of cold water flowing through the 1st heat storage tank 21 can be reduced, the load of the pump 31 can be reduced, and the efficiency of the pump 31 can be improved.
　このように、第３実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ３によれば、第１実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１および第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２の効果に加え、蓄冷運転時のポンプ３１の負荷を低減できるので、蓄冷運転時の消費エネルギを削減して、蓄熱システムＳ３全体の運転効率を向上させることができる。 Thus, according to heat storage system S3 concerning a 3rd embodiment, in addition to effect of heat storage system S1 concerning a 1st embodiment, and heat storage system S2 concerning a 2nd embodiment, load of pump 31 at the time of cold storage operation is carried out. Since it can reduce, the energy consumption at the time of cold storage operation can be reduced and the operation efficiency of the whole heat storage system S3 can be improved.
≪変形例≫
　なお、本実施形態（第１～第３実施形態）に係る蓄熱システム（Ｓ１～Ｓ３）は、上記実施形態の構成に限定されるものではなく、発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の変更が可能である。 ≪Modification≫
Note that the heat storage system (S1 to S3) according to the present embodiment (first to third embodiments) is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Is possible.
　第１に係る蓄熱システムＳ１は２つの蓄熱槽を備え、第２，第３実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２，Ｓ３は３つの蓄熱槽を備えるものとして説明したが、これに限られるものではなく、複数あってもよい。 The heat storage system S1 according to the first has two heat storage tanks, and the heat storage systems S2 and S3 according to the second and third embodiments have been described as having three heat storage tanks, but are not limited thereto. There may be multiple.
　第１～第３実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ１～Ｓ３は、独立した蓄熱槽を配管で接続するものとして説明したが、これに限られるものではない。
　例えば、図６に示す第４実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ４のように、もぐりぜき式蓄熱槽２０に、もぐりぜきで区切られた蓄熱槽２１ａ，２１ｂ，２２ａ，２２ｂ，２３ａ，２３ｂに蓄熱材が封入された蓄熱材容器１１，１２，１３を配置するものであってもよい。なお、図６に示す第４実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ４の運転は、第２実施形態に係る蓄熱システムＳ２の運転（図３参照）と同様であり、説明を省略する。 The heat storage systems S1 to S3 according to the first to third embodiments have been described as connecting independent heat storage tanks with pipes, but are not limited thereto.
For example, as in the heat storage system S4 according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the heat storage is performed in the heat storage tanks 20a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 23a, and 23b divided into the heat storage type heat storage tank 20 by the heat transfer. The heat storage material containers 11, 12, and 13 in which the material is enclosed may be disposed. In addition, the driving | operation of heat storage system S4 which concerns on 4th Embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the driving | operation (refer FIG. 3) of heat storage system S2 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment, and abbreviate | omits description.
Ｓ１，Ｓ２，Ｓ３，Ｓ４　蓄熱システム
１　　　　　　　　　　　冷凍機
２　　　　　　　　　　　冷水コイル（冷熱負荷）
６ａ，６ｂ　　　　　　　配管（第１バイパス流路）
６ｃ，６ｄ　　　　　　　配管（第２バイパス流路）
１１，１２，１３　　　　蓄熱材容器
２０　　　　　　　　　　もぐりぜき式蓄熱槽
２１　　　　　　　　　　第１蓄熱槽
２２　　　　　　　　　　第２蓄熱槽
２３　　　　　　　　　　第３蓄熱槽
２１ａ，２１ｂ，２２ａ，２２ｂ，２３ａ，２３ｂ　蓄熱槽
３１，３２　　　　　　　ポンプ
４１，４２　　　　　　　インバータ
５０　　　　　　　　　　ＥＣＵ（制御手段、状態判定手段）
６０，６１，６２，６３　温度センサ（状態判定手段）
７１，７２，７３　　　　温度センサ
８１　　　　　　　　　　第１バルブ
８２　　　　　　　　　　第２バルブ（第１作動手段）
８３　　　　　　　　　　第３バルブ（第２作動手段）
８４　　　　　　　　　　第４バルブ S1, S2, S3, S4 Thermal storage system 1 Refrigerator 2 Chilled water coil (Cooling load)
6a, 6b piping (first bypass flow path)
6c, 6d piping (second bypass flow path)
11, 12, 13 Heat storage material container 20 Muguri-type heat storage tank 21 First heat storage tank 22 Second heat storage tank 23 Third heat storage tank 21a, 21b, 22a, 22b, 23a, 23b Heat storage tank 31, 32 Pump 41, 42 Inverter 50 ECU (control means, state determination means)
60, 61, 62, 63 Temperature sensor (state determination means)
71, 72, 73 Temperature sensor 81 First valve 82 Second valve (first actuating means)
83 Third valve (second actuating means)
84 4th valve

Claims (7)

  1. 　熱媒体を冷却する冷凍機と、
    　冷熱を蓄冷する蓄熱槽と、
    前記冷凍機および前記蓄熱槽の間で前記熱媒体を循環させるポンプと、を備え、
    　前記蓄熱槽は、
    　少なくとも、第１蓄熱材が配置された第１蓄熱槽と、前記第１蓄熱材より融点が高い第２蓄熱材が配置された第２蓄熱槽と、を有し、
    　前記第１蓄熱槽から前記第２蓄熱槽へと前記熱媒体が流れるように配置される
    ことを特徴とする蓄熱システム。     A refrigerator that cools the heat medium;
    A heat storage tank for storing cold energy;
    A pump that circulates the heat medium between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank,
    The heat storage tank
    At least a first heat storage tank in which the first heat storage material is disposed, and a second heat storage tank in which a second heat storage material having a higher melting point than the first heat storage material is disposed,
    The heat storage system is arranged such that the heat medium flows from the first heat storage tank to the second heat storage tank.
  2. 　前記蓄熱槽は、
    　前記第２蓄熱材より融点が高い第３蓄熱材が配置された第３蓄熱槽を更に有し、
    　前記第２蓄熱槽から前記第３蓄熱槽へと前記熱媒体が流れるように配置され、
    　前記冷凍機で冷却された前記熱媒体の温度である冷凍機出口温度を制御する制御手段と、を更に備え、
    　前記制御手段は、
    　前記冷凍機出口温度が第１目標温度となるように制御した後に、前記冷凍機出口温度が前記第１目標温度よりも低い第２目標温度となるように制御する
    ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の蓄熱システム。     The heat storage tank
    A third heat storage tank in which a third heat storage material having a melting point higher than that of the second heat storage material is disposed;
    Arranged so that the heat medium flows from the second heat storage tank to the third heat storage tank,
    Control means for controlling the refrigerator outlet temperature, which is the temperature of the heat medium cooled by the refrigerator, and
    The control means includes
    The control is performed so that the refrigerator outlet temperature becomes a second target temperature lower than the first target temperature after the refrigerator outlet temperature is controlled to become the first target temperature. The heat storage system described in 1.
  3. 　前記第１目標温度は、
    　前記第１蓄熱材の融点より高く、かつ、前記第２蓄熱材の融点より低く、
    　前記第２目標温度は、
    　前記第１蓄熱材の融点より低い
    ことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の蓄熱システム。     The first target temperature is
    Higher than the melting point of the first heat storage material and lower than the melting point of the second heat storage material,
    The second target temperature is
    The heat storage system according to claim 2, wherein the heat storage system is lower than a melting point of the first heat storage material.
  4. 　前記第３蓄熱材が固体状態であるか否かを判定する状態判定手段を更に備え、
    　前記制御手段は、
    　前記状態判定手段が前記第３蓄熱材は固体状態であると判定すると、
    　前記冷凍機出口温度を前記第１目標温度から前記第２目標温度へとなるように制御することを特徴とする請求項２に記載の蓄熱システム。     Further comprising a state determining means for determining whether or not the third heat storage material is in a solid state;
    The control means includes
    When the state determination means determines that the third heat storage material is in a solid state,
    The heat storage system according to claim 2, wherein the refrigerator outlet temperature is controlled so as to be changed from the first target temperature to the second target temperature.
  5. 　前記第１蓄熱槽をバイパスする第１バイパス流路と、
    　前記第１バイパス流路を作動させる第１作動手段と、を更に備え、
    　前記制御手段が前記冷凍機出口温度を前記第１目標温度となるように制御する際に、前記第１作動手段は前記第１バイパス流路を作動させる
    ことを特徴とする請求項４に記載の蓄熱システム。     A first bypass flow path that bypasses the first heat storage tank;
    First operating means for operating the first bypass flow path,
    The said 1st action | operation means operates the said 1st bypass flow path, when the said control means controls the said refrigerator exit temperature so that it may become said 1st target temperature. Thermal storage system.
  6. 　前記第３蓄熱槽をバイパスする第２バイパス流路と、
    　前記第２バイパス流路を作動させる第２作動手段と、を更に備え、
    　前記制御手段が前記冷凍機出口温度を前記第２目標温度となるように制御する際に、前記第２作動手段は前記第２バイパス流路を作動させる
    ことを特徴とする請求項４または請求項５に記載の蓄熱システム。     A second bypass flow path for bypassing the third heat storage tank;
    Second operating means for operating the second bypass flow path,
    The said 2nd operation means operates the said 2nd bypass flow path, when the said control means controls the said refrigerator exit temperature so that it may become said 2nd target temperature. 5. The heat storage system according to 5.
  7. 　熱媒体を冷却する冷凍機と、
    　冷熱を蓄冷する蓄熱槽と、
    前記冷凍機および前記蓄熱槽の間で前記熱媒体を循環させるポンプと、
    　前記冷凍機で冷却された前記熱媒体の温度である冷凍機出口温度を制御する制御手段と、
    を備える蓄熱システムの蓄熱方法であって、
    　前記蓄熱槽は、
    　少なくとも、第１蓄熱材が配置された第１蓄熱槽と、前記第１蓄熱材より融点が高い第２蓄熱材が配置された第２蓄熱槽と、前記第２蓄熱材より融点が高い第３蓄熱材が配置された第３蓄熱槽と、を有し、
    　前記第１蓄熱槽から前記第２蓄熱槽へと前記熱媒体が流れ、前記第２蓄熱槽から前記第３蓄熱槽へと前記熱媒体が流れるように配置され、
    　前記制御手段は、
    　前記冷凍機出口温度が第１目標温度となるように制御するステップと、
    　前記冷凍機出口温度が前記第１目標温度よりも低い第２目標温度となるように制御するステップと、を実行する
    ことを特徴とする蓄熱システムの蓄熱方法。     A refrigerator that cools the heat medium;
    A heat storage tank for storing cold energy;
    A pump for circulating the heat medium between the refrigerator and the heat storage tank;
    Control means for controlling the outlet temperature of the refrigerator, which is the temperature of the heat medium cooled by the refrigerator;
    A heat storage method for a heat storage system comprising:
    The heat storage tank
    At least a first heat storage tank in which the first heat storage material is disposed, a second heat storage tank in which a second heat storage material having a higher melting point than the first heat storage material is disposed, and a third melting point higher than that of the second heat storage material. A third heat storage tank in which the heat storage material is disposed,
    The heat medium flows from the first heat storage tank to the second heat storage tank, and the heat medium flows from the second heat storage tank to the third heat storage tank,
    The control means includes
    Controlling the refrigerator outlet temperature to be a first target temperature;
    Controlling the refrigerator outlet temperature to be a second target temperature lower than the first target temperature. A heat storage method for a heat storage system, comprising:
PCT/JP2013/060249 2012-04-04 2013-04-03 Heat storage system and heat storage method for heat storage system WO2013151105A1 (en)

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JP2012085702A JP5875925B2 (en) 2012-04-04 2012-04-04 Thermal storage system and thermal storage method for thermal storage system

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