WO2013139209A1 - 托吡酯缓释药物组合物、其制备方法及用途 - Google Patents

托吡酯缓释药物组合物、其制备方法及用途 Download PDF

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WO2013139209A1
WO2013139209A1 PCT/CN2013/072283 CN2013072283W WO2013139209A1 WO 2013139209 A1 WO2013139209 A1 WO 2013139209A1 CN 2013072283 W CN2013072283 W CN 2013072283W WO 2013139209 A1 WO2013139209 A1 WO 2013139209A1
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Prior art keywords
sustained
topiramate
release
drug
pellets
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PCT/CN2013/072283
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李松
高春生
钟武
王玉丽
杨美燕
单利
周辛波
郑志兵
王晓奎
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中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所
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Application filed by 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所 filed Critical 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所
Priority to EP13763714.6A priority Critical patent/EP2829267B1/en
Priority to JP2015500753A priority patent/JP6262713B2/ja
Priority to US14/386,173 priority patent/US20150099003A1/en
Publication of WO2013139209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013139209A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/335Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
    • A61K31/357Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having two or more oxygen atoms in the same ring, e.g. crown ethers, guanadrel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7042Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings
    • A61K31/7048Compounds having saccharide radicals and heterocyclic rings having oxygen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. leucoglucosan, hesperidin, erythromycin, nystatin, digitoxin or digoxin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/5021Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/5026Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5005Wall or coating material
    • A61K9/5021Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/5036Polysaccharides, e.g. gums, alginate; Cyclodextrin
    • A61K9/5042Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. phthalate or acetate succinate esters of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5073Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings
    • A61K9/5078Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings with drug-free core
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/48Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
    • A61K9/50Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
    • A61K9/5089Processes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P13/00Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P13/00Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
    • A61P13/02Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/06Antimigraine agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/08Antiepileptics; Anticonvulsants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/18Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/24Antidepressants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
    • A61P9/12Antihypertensives
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/167Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction with an outer layer or coating comprising drug; with chemically bound drugs or non-active substances on their surface
    • A61K9/1676Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction with an outer layer or coating comprising drug; with chemically bound drugs or non-active substances on their surface having a drug-free core with discrete complete coating layer containing drug

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medicine and chemical industry, and relates to a topiramate sustained-release pharmaceutical composition, a preparation method thereof and use thereof.
  • the topiramate sustained release pharmaceutical composition is a sustained release pellet.
  • Topiramate 2,3,4,5-bis-0-(1-mercaptoethylidene)- ⁇ -D-pyranosyl sulfamate
  • a broad-spectrum neurotherapeutic approved by the FDA in 1995 has been used clinically for many years to treat certain seizure disorders and prevent migraine (E. Faught (1996) Neurology 46: 1684-1690), and a large number
  • the literature discloses that topiramate has a good therapeutic effect in the treatment of diabetes (US7109174B2 and US6362220B1), neurological dysfunction (US6908902B2), depression (US6627653B2), psychosis (US6620819B2), headache (US6319903B1) and hypertension (US6201010B1).
  • Topiramate is a white crystalline powder with bitter taste. It is easily soluble in organic solvents such as acetone, chloroform, disulfoxide and ethanol. It is easily soluble in alkaline solutions such as sodium hydroxide or sodium phosphate with a pH of 9-10. Slightly soluble in water (room temperature) with a solubility of only about 9.8 mg/mL and a saturated solution with an H value of 6.3 (Physician's Desk Reference, 56.sup.th ed., pp. 2590-2595 (2002)).
  • Topiramate has linear pharmacokinetic characteristics and can be rapidly and completely absorbed by the body in vivo. After oral administration of 400 mg in healthy subjects, the mean plasma peak concentration can be reached in 2 hours. (Cmax). In the daily dose of lOOmg - 800mg, the blood concentration of topiramate was linear with the dose, the oral clearance rate was low (22 - 36ml/min), and the plasma half-life was longer (19 - 25h). In the plasma concentration range of 0.5 - 250 ⁇ / ⁇ 1, the binding rate of topiramate to human plasma protein was 15 - 41%, and decreased with increasing plasma concentration.
  • the dosage forms of topiramate used in the clinic include ordinary tablets and capsules, wherein the tablets have four specifications, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg, respectively; the capsules are Sprinkle Capsules, and the specifications are 2 kinds, divided into 'J is 15mg and 25mg, etc., divided into oral doses, the dosage needs to be adjusted, the medication is more troublesome, and the patient compliance is not high. More importantly, the topiramate treatment window is narrow, and fluctuations in blood concentration often lead to some adverse reactions, most of which are symptoms related to the central nervous system, such as ataxia, impaired attention, and confusion. , dizziness, fatigue, paresthesia, lethargy, and abnormal thinking (Physician's Desk Reference, 60th ed., p 2538-2447 (2006)).
  • Oral controlled release preparations especially oral sustained-release pellets, have the technical characteristics of "dose dispersion", which makes the distribution of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract more uniform and more uniform, and the number of medications is reduced.
  • dose dispersion makes the distribution of drugs in the gastrointestinal tract more uniform and more uniform, and the number of medications is reduced.
  • the drug curve is more gradual, reducing the incidence of toxic and side effects, and can significantly improve patient compliance. It plays an important role in the pharmaceutical market and is very popular among medical patients.
  • CN1988889A discloses a preparation of sustained-release topiramate prepared by secondary particles, which firstly prepares solid dispersion particles of topiramate by a melt method, and then prepares topiramate by a one-step granulation or wet granulation technique using a sustained-release material and the above solid dispersion particles. Slow release granules, high production cost and complicated process.
  • CN102112126 A discloses a sustained release composition of low dose topiramate for the treatment of obesity in combination with a low dose of immediate release phentermine, the sustained release composition first using 3.5% w/w of thioglycolic cellulose (Methocel A15LV) , MC ) for the binder 40% w / w of topiramate and 56.5% w / w of microcrystalline cellulose ( Avicel PH102 ) by extrusion spheronization method to prepare topiramate drug-loaded core (ie, topiramate drug core ), then use 5.47% w/w ethyl cellulose as the sustained release coating material and 2.39% w/w Povidone K30 (PVP K30)
  • the topiramate-loaded pellet core is coated with a porogen to form a topiramate pellet with controlled release.
  • WO2008061226A2 discloses a sustained release pellet of topiramate prepared by fluidized bed coating of an aqueous dispersion containing 10-20% (w/w) topiramate and 0.5-4% HPMC or other binder.
  • the inert pellets are loaded on the surface of the sugar pellets, and then the controlled release coating is carried out on the surface of the above-mentioned topiramate-loaded pellets, and further discloses that if the inert pellets have a small particle size or a pellet with a high drug loading is required, then a high concentration is required.
  • Adhesive is a sustained release pellet of topiramate prepared by fluidized bed coating of an aqueous dispersion containing 10-20% (w/w) topiramate and 0.5-4% HPMC or other binder.
  • the inert pellets are loaded on the surface of the sugar pellets, and then the controlled release coating is carried out on the surface of the above-mentioned topiramate-loaded pellets
  • the sustained-release or controlled-release topiramate beads (or pellets) prepared above are prepared by using a binder such as HPMC or a process for preparing a topiramate-loaded pellet core (or a topiramate-loaded matrix core).
  • a binder such as HPMC or a process for preparing a topiramate-loaded pellet core (or a topiramate-loaded matrix core).
  • MC and the like increase the possibility of compatibility with the main drug topiramate, and the presence of the binder affects the dissolution state of the main drug, causing fluctuations in the release rate and affecting the controlled release effect of the preparation, and, in the case of the blank pellet
  • the solution contains a binder, it will increase the adhesion of the pellets and reduce the yield.
  • a sustained release pharmaceutical composition of topiramate is provided which is a sustained release pellet.
  • the composition comprises: a. a blank pellet core; b. a drug layer, the drug layer does not contain a binder; c. a sustained release coating layer. Wherein the active drug layer is on the surface of the blank pellet core, and the sustained release coating layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the active drug layer.
  • a schematic diagram of the sustained release pellets is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the blank pellet core means a pellet having no physiological activity, and may include, but is not limited to, a sugar pellet, a microcrystalline cellulose pellet, a starch pellet or a silica pellet, etc., preferably a sugar pellet.
  • the particle diameter of the blank pellet core may be 150 ⁇ m - 1500 ⁇ m, preferably 300 ⁇ m - ⁇ , It is preferably 400 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m, and most preferably 610 ⁇ m to 750 ⁇ m.
  • the blank pellet core is commercially available from commercially available channels, and may also be obtained by a conventional method in the art such as an extrusion spheronization method or a fluidized bed method.
  • the active drug layer in the composition of the present invention contains no binder, wherein the binder comprises starch syrup, syrup, polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone, PVP, such as PVP K30), thiol cellulose (MC) , ethyl cellulose (EC), high-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxypropyl decyl cellulose (HPMC), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, gum arabic, and the like.
  • PVP polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • MC thiol cellulose
  • EC ethyl cellulose
  • HPMC high-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose
  • sodium carboxymethyl cellulose gelatin, gum arabic, and the like.
  • the sustained release coating layer in the compositions of the present invention comprises a sustained release coating material including, but not limited to, ethyl cellulose, Eudragit NE 30D, Eudragit RS 30D, Eudragit RL30D, and the like, or mixtures thereof, preferably ethyl cellulose and Eudragit NE 30D, most preferred ethyl cellulose.
  • the coating layer may further include a plasticizer, a porogen, an anti-adhesive agent, a coloring agent, an opacifier, a fragrance, a sweetener, and the like.
  • the plasticizer includes, but is not limited to, glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, triacetin, triethyl citrate, phthalic acid ester and dibutyl sebacate, or the like, or a mixture thereof.
  • porogens include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycols, povidone, sucrose, salts, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, or the like, or mixtures thereof, preferably povidone (PVP K30); anti-adhesive agents include, but are not limited to, talc, magnesium stearate, micronized silica gel, and the like, or mixtures thereof, preferably talc; sunscreens include, but are not limited to, titanium dioxide, etc.; colorants include, but are not limited to, iron oxide, Iron red, carmine, lemon yellow, sunset yellow, indigo, etc.; fragrances include, but are not limited to, mint flavor, lemon flavor, orange flavor, eucalyptol, syringol, etc.; sweeteners include but are not limited to aspartame, Vanillin, sorbitol, mannitol, artificial flavors, etc. or mixtures thereof.
  • the weight gain of the sustained release coating of the present invention can be determined experimentally. Generally, the sustained release coating weight gain range is 2 of the total weight of the composition. % - 30%, preferably 4% - 15%, more preferably 5% - 10%.
  • the active ingredient is from 10% to 50%, preferably from 15% to 45%, more preferably from 20% to 40%, based on the total weight of the composition.
  • the ester-loaded pellets have a sustained release coating layer containing a combination of ethyl cellulose and PVPK30, and have an unexpectedly good effect with respect to the coating layer of other sustained-release materials. That is, the use of ethyl cellulose and porogen PVPK30 as a material for the sustained-release coating layer provides better release stability of the topiramate pellets, which ensures the consistency of drug release of multiple batches of samples, and does not require coating.
  • Post-heat treatment produces the desired slow release effect. It not only simplifies the coating process, but also removes the influence factors of the post-coating heat treatment process on drug release. Among them, the ratio of the amount of ethyl cellulose to PVPK30 is 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45, preferably 1: 0.25 - 1: 0.40, and particularly preferably 1: 0.3 - 1: 0.35.
  • the drug layer contains topiramate
  • the sustained release coating layer uses ethyl cellulose as a sustained release coating material
  • PVP K30 is a porogen
  • the ratio of ethyl cellulose to PVP K30 is used. It is 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45.
  • the drug layer contains topiramate
  • the sustained release coating layer uses ethyl cellulose as a sustained release coating material
  • PVP K30 is a porogen
  • the amount of ethyl cellulose and PVP K30 is used.
  • the ratio is 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45
  • the sustained release coating has a weight gain range of 5% - 15%.
  • the blank pellet core is a sugar pellet
  • the drug layer comprises topiramate
  • the ethylcellulose in the sustained-release coating layer is a sustained-release coating material
  • PVP K30 is a porogen
  • B The ratio of the base cellulose to the PVP K30 is 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45
  • the sustained release coating weight gain range is 5% - 15%.
  • the blank pellet core is a sugar pellet having a particle diameter of 610 ⁇ m - 750 ⁇
  • the drug layer comprises topiramate
  • the ethylcellulose in the sustained-release coating layer is a sustained-release coating material, PVP.
  • K30 is a porogen
  • the ratio of ethyl cellulose to PVP ⁇ 30 is 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45
  • the weight loss of the sustained release coating is 5% - 10%.
  • the blank pellet core is a sugar pellet having a particle diameter of 710 ⁇ m - 850 ⁇ m
  • the drug layer is topiramate as an active drug
  • the ethylcellulose in the sustained-release coating layer is a sustained-release coating material.
  • PVP ⁇ 30 is a porogen. The ratio of ethyl cellulose to PVP ⁇ 30 is 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45, and the weight loss of the sustained-release coating is 5% - 8%.
  • the blank pellet core is a sugar pellet having a particle diameter of 610 ⁇ m - 750 ⁇
  • the drug layer is topiramate
  • the ethylcellulose in the sustained-release coating layer is a sustained-release package.
  • the coating material, PVP K30 is a porogen
  • the ratio of ethyl cellulose and PVP K30 is 1: 0.25 - 1: 0.35
  • the weight gain of the sustained release coating is 6% - 8%.
  • the drug layer contains topiramate, and may further comprise other pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants, such as surfactants, disintegrants, fragrances, sweeteners, anti-adherents, and shading. Agents, etc.
  • the surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, including but not limited to sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate , sodium stearyl sulphate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dioctyl succinate sulfonate, sodium dihexyl succinate sulfonate, lecithin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbus Alcohol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, oxyethylene oxypropylene polymer, polyoxyethylene 40 monostearate, polyoxyethylene 50 stearate, ethylene oxide three Block copolymer, propylene oxide triblock copolymer, sorbitan monopalmitate (Span-40), sorbitan monostearate (Span-60), glyceryl,
  • anti-adhesive agents include, but are not limited to, talc, magnesium stearate, micronized silica gel, preferably talc
  • sunscreens include, but are not limited to, titanium dioxide, etc.
  • sweeteners include, but are not limited to, aspartame, vanillin, sorbitol, mannitol, artificial flavors and the like.
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellet of the present invention can achieve a good therapeutic effect by taking it once every 24 hours, and the blood concentration in the body is stable, and the peak concentration can be remarkably lowered, and the sustained release effect is good.
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellets of the present invention have an in vitro release rate of: no more than 35% in 1 hour, 30% - 60% in 4 hours, 60% - 90% in 8 hours, and no less than 90% in 16 hours. Preferably not more than 25% for 1 hour, between 35% and 55% for 4 hours, between 60% and 85% for 8 hours, not less than 90% for 16 hours; most preferably not more than 25% for 4 hours, 4 hours Between 35% and 55%, 8 hours between 65% and 85%, and 16 hours at no less than 90%.
  • the preferred measurement conditions for the release degree of the present invention are as follows: the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition The first method of the release method (Appendix XD) (for sustained release preparations or controlled release preparations), using the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition two appendix dissolution method (Appendix XC) second method (pulp method) device, Water (500 ml) is the release medium, 37 ° C, rotation speed is 100 rpm, and samples are taken at specified times.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing a sustained release pharmaceutical composition of topiramate, the method comprising:
  • the preparation method of the topiramate sustained-release pellet of the present invention comprises the following steps: a. taking topiramate and other auxiliary materials of the drug layer, adding a proper amount of solvent to dissolve, and coating the blank pellet core;
  • the preparation method of the topiramate sustained-release pellet of the present invention comprises the following steps: a. taking topiramate and other auxiliary materials of the drug layer, adding an appropriate amount of solvent to dissolve, and coating the blank pellet core with the above-mentioned liquid;
  • the preparation method of the topiramate sustained-release pellet of the present invention comprises the following steps: a. taking topiramate and other auxiliary materials of the drug layer, adding an appropriate amount of solvent, heating and dissolving under stirring, taking a blank pellet core and placing it in a fluidized bed. In the granule coating pan, the above medicinal solution is coated with a drug under stirring;
  • a suitable solvent in the method of the present invention is water, ethanol, acetone, propylene glycol, chloroform or a mixture thereof, preferably a mixture of water and ethanol, for example, it may be a 50% aqueous ethanol solution, a 70% aqueous ethanol solution, and a 95% aqueous ethanol solution. .
  • the active ingredient in the drug layer is Pyridyl ester
  • the drug layer contains no binder
  • the binder is starch slurry, syrup, polyvinylpyrrolidone (povidone, PVP, such as PVP K30), mercapto cellulose (MC), ethyl Cellulose (EC), highly substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxypropyl decyl cellulose (HPMC), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, gum arabic, and the like.
  • the drug layer may further comprise other pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, such as surfactants, disintegrants, fragrances, sweeteners, anti-adherents, opacifiers, and the like.
  • the surfactant comprises an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, including but not limited to sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate , sodium stearyl sulphate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dioctyl succinate sulfonate, sodium dihexyl succinate sulfonate, lecithin, sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene dehydrated sorbus Alcohol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether, oxyethylene oxypropylene polymer, polyoxyethylene 40 monostearate, polyoxyethylene 50 stearate,
  • the sustained release coating material in the sustained release coating layer includes, but is not limited to, ethyl cellulose, Eudragit NE 30D, Eudragit RS 30D, and Eudragit RL30D, preferably ethyl cellulose and Eudragit NE. 30D, ethyl cellulose is most preferred.
  • the coating layer may further include a plasticizer, a porogen, an anti-adhesive agent, a colorant, an opacifier, a fragrance, a sweetener, and the like.
  • the plasticizer includes, but is not limited to, glycerin, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, triacetin, triethyl citrate, phthalic acid diester and dibutyl sebacate, etc., preferably triacetic acid Glycerides; porogens include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycols, povidones, sucrose, salts, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, etc., preferably poly Vetosterone (PVP K30); Anti-adherent agents include, but are not limited to, talc, magnesium stearate, micronized silica gel, preferably talc; sunscreens include, but are not limited to, titanium dioxide, etc.; colorants include, but are not limited to, iron yellow, iron red, Carmine, lemon yellow, sunset yellow, indigo, etc.; fragrances include, but are not limited to, mint flavor, lemon flavor, orange flavor, eucalyptol, syringol, etc.
  • the sustained release coating layer of the topiramate sustained-release pellet of the present invention contains ethyl cellulose and povidone K30.
  • the preparation process of the topiramate pellets is as follows: a.
  • the main drug topiramate is taken and dissolved in an ethanol solution to prepare a coating solution having a concentration of 20% (w/v).
  • the blank pellet core is placed in a fluidized bed one-step granulation coating pan, and the above-mentioned drug solution is coated with a drug under stirring to obtain a drug-loading pellet core.
  • sustained-release coating material ethyl cellulose in an ethanol solution at a concentration in the range of 3 - 8% (w/v), preferably in the range of 5 - 7% (w/v), and adding an appropriate amount of specific
  • the porogen PVP K30 is heated and dissolved under stirring, stirred, passed through a 100 mesh sieve, and atomized and sprayed into a drug-loaded pellet core containing a topiramate active drug layer in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan. Sustained release coating.
  • the process parameters of the drug coating and the sustained-release coating in the fluidized bed can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
  • the preferred process parameters are:
  • the coating of the upper drug - the inlet air temperature is 50 - 70 ° C (the temperature in the pot is maintained at 40 ⁇ 2 ° C); the inlet pressure is 0.3 - 0.5 bar; the atomization pressure is 1.0 - 2.0 bar; the spray rate is 5 - 15g/min 0
  • Sustained release coating - inlet air temperature of 40 - 45 ° C (to keep the pot temperature at 30 - 35 ° C); inlet pressure of 0.3 - 0.5 bar; atomization pressure of 1.0 - 2.0 bar; 3 - 12g/min.
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellets of the composition of the present invention may have a particle size of from 150 ⁇ m to 1,500 ⁇ m, preferably from 300 ⁇ m to ⁇ , more preferably from 400 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m, and most preferably from 610 ⁇ m to 750 ⁇ m.
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellets in the composition of the present invention can be further prepared into other preparations, for example, they can be filled into capsules to prepare capsules, or other pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants can be added to prepare tablets. It is also possible to prepare a combination preparation together with other active ingredients.
  • the content of topiramate in the unit preparation of the composition of the present invention may be from 1 mg to 500 mg, preferably from 5 mg to 300 mg, more preferably from 10 mg to 250 mg, most preferably from 20 mg to 100 mg, most preferably from 23 mg to 92 mg.
  • the unit preparation contains 23 mg of topiramate, and in another embodiment, the unit preparation contains 46 mg of topiramate. In still another embodiment, the unit preparation contains 92 mg of topiramate.
  • the present invention also relates to the topiramate sustained-release pharmaceutical composition according to any one of the present invention for the preparation of a prophylactic and/or therapeutic and/or adjuvant treatment for migraine, epilepsy, diabetes, neurological dysfunction, depression, psychosis, headache or hypertension Use of the drug.
  • the invention also relates to a method of preventing and/or treating and/or adjuvant treatment of migraine, epilepsy, diabetes, neurological dysfunction, depression, psychosis, headache or hypertension, comprising administering an effective amount of any of the inventions The step of the topiramate sustained release pharmaceutical composition.
  • the subject to be administered is a subject, such as a mammal, including but not limited to: human, monkey, pig, cow, sheep, and the like.
  • the term "effective amount" means a dose which can achieve a treatment, prevention, alleviation and/or alleviation of the disease or condition of the present invention in a subject.
  • Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the topiramate pellet of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 Release curve of three batches of topiramate sustained-release coated pellets in water in Example 6.
  • Fig. 3 The release profile of the first batch of topiramate sustained release coated pellets in Example 6 in different release media.
  • Fig. 4 The release curve of the first batch of topiramate sustained-release coated pellets in Example 6 at different rotational speeds.
  • Fig. 5 Blood concentration curve of topiramate sustained-release coated pellets. detailed description
  • the sucrose pellet core is in a fluidized state
  • the drug-containing coating solution is sprayed on the surface of the blank pellet core by means of a bottom spray.
  • the medicine is finished, the material is continuously fluidized at 45 ° C for 5 minutes to obtain a different binder.
  • the drug-loaded pellets were weighed and the results are shown in Table 1.
  • Example 2 Coating of a drug-containing coating solution containing different solvents as a solvent. As a result, weighed 230 g of topiramate starting material, and added an appropriate amount of 50% ethanol, 70% ethanol, 95% ethanol, and absolute ethanol, respectively. Stir at 40 ° C - 50 ° C under heating, dissolve, add the corresponding solvent to 1150ml, that is, a drug-containing coating solution in which different solvents are used as a solvent.
  • the sucrose pellet core is in a fluidized state, the drug-containing coating solution with different solvents as a solvent is sprayed on the surface of the blank pellet core by means of a bottom spray. After the medicine is finished, the material is continuously fluidized at 45 ° C for 5 minutes. Drug-loaded pellets coated with a different solvent as a solvent were obtained and weighed. The results are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 3 Comparison of release rates of topiramate sustained-release pellets with different particle size blanks
  • Example 4 Release of topiramate sustained-release pellets coated with different sustained-release materials.
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellets of the coating material had a weight gain of 9.7%, 11.9%, and 13.9%, respectively.
  • the obtained topiramate sustained-release pellets were subjected to an aging heat treatment in a 40 ° C high temperature oven for 24 hours.
  • the calculated pellet adhesion was 2.8%, 2.7%, and 3.0%, respectively.
  • Ethylcellulose was dissolved in an appropriate amount of 95% ethanol according to the above prescription dosage ratio, and then a proportional amount of PVP K30 was separately added and dissolved to obtain a sustained-release coating liquid.
  • Example 1 Taking 500 g of the drug-loaded pellets prepared in the drug-free coating solution containing no binder in Example 1 was placed in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan, and the inlet air temperature was set to 40 - 45 ° C (in the pot) The temperature is maintained at 30 - 35 ° C); the inlet pressure is 0.35 bar; the atomization pressure is 1.5 bar; and the spray rate is 3 - 12 g/min.
  • a slow-release coating solution of different ratios of ethylcellulose and PVP K30 was sprayed on the surface of the drug-loaded pellets by bottom spray, and the weight gain of the sustained-release coating was 6.56%, respectively.
  • Table 6 Process reproducibility results of binder-free topiramate-loaded pellet cores Preparation scale Main drug investment Pills Pills Pills
  • Example 7 Effect of different dissolution media on the release of topiramate sustained-release pellets
  • O.lmol/L HCl (pH 1.2) is prepared as artificial gastric juice, and 0.2 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 6. 8) As artificial intestinal fluid, the above medium and water (500 ml) were used as the release medium, and the rotation speed was 100 rpm and 37 °C. Sampling 5ml at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 hours (while adding the same amount of medium), filtering, and taking the filtrate as the test solution.
  • Table 8 Drug release homogeneity results of topiramate sustained release pellets (mean ⁇ standard deviation) Drug release at different times (%) (mean standard deviation) prescription
  • sucrose pellets placed in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pot In the middle, set the inlet air temperature to 55 ° C (to keep the pot temperature at 40 ⁇ 2 ° C); the inlet pressure is 0.35 bar; the atomization pressure is 1.5 bar; the spray rate is 5 - 15g / min (according to the flow) The state is adjusted at any time).
  • the sucrose pellet core is in a fluidized state, the drug-containing coating solution or the suspension is sprayed on the surface of the blank pellet core by means of a bottom spray. After the medicine is finished, the material is continuously fluidized at 45 ° C for 5 minutes to obtain topiramate. Drug-loaded pellets.
  • Example 11 Preparation of Topiramate Sustained Release Pellets
  • the drug layer prepared in the first embodiment of Example 1 was filled with 500 g of topiramate-loaded pellet core containing the binder HPMC, and placed in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan.
  • Set inlet air temperature 40 - 45 ° C (to keep the pot temperature at 30 - 35 ° C); inlet pressure is 0.35 bar; atomization pressure is 1.5 bar; spray rate is 3 - 12g / min.
  • Example 12 Preparation of Topiramate Sustained Release Pellets
  • Methylcellulose (Methocel TM A15LV) is formulated into a suitable concentration solution as a binder to make a soft material; the soft material is placed in the extruder, a certain number of meshes and extrusion speed are selected, and extruded.
  • Rod-shaped particles; the extruded rod-shaped particles are placed in a rounding machine, and spheronized for 3 - 5 min at a certain spheronization speed, and the obtained pellets are dried in an oven at 40 ° C for 2 hours, that is, the topiramate-loaded pills are obtained. core.
  • a prescribed amount of ethyl cellulose and povidone (Povidone K30) was weighed and dissolved in 820 ml of 95% ethanol to prepare a sustained-release coating liquid.
  • the topiramate drug-loaded pellet core prepared above is placed in a fluidized bed bottom spray coating pan, and the inlet air temperature is set to 40 - 45 ° C (the temperature in the pot is maintained at 30 - 35 ° C); the inlet air pressure is 0.35 bar The atomization pressure is 1.5 bar; the spray rate is 1 - 3 g/min.
  • Example 13 Stability study of topiramate pellets
  • the topiramate sustained-release pellets prepared in Example 11 and Example 12, and the first batch of topiramate sustained-release pellets prepared in Example 6 were respectively placed in a sealed desiccator containing a saturated NaCl solution, and then the dryer was placed. It was placed in an oven at a high temperature of 60 ° C, and an acceleration condition of high temperature and high humidity (60 ° C, RH 75%) was set, and samples were taken at 0, 5, and 10 days, respectively.
  • the contents of the removed pellet samples were decanted, placed in a 10 mL volumetric flask, sonicated with an appropriate amount of sterol, and diluted to a mark with 5 times the amount of water, so that the concentration of the main drug was about 5 mg/ml, using 0.45.
  • the ⁇ organic microporous membrane is filtered, the primary filtrate is discarded, and the filtrate is taken as the test solution.
  • high performance liquid chromatography Choinese Pharmacopoeia 2010 edition two appendix VD
  • the column temperature is 35 ° C
  • 40% sterol is the mobile phase
  • the differential detector the flow rate is 1.5ml per minute.
  • the topiramate sustained-release composition disclosed in the present invention (the coated drug-loaded pellet core containing the binder of the topiramate drug layer, the sample of the sample of Example 6) has better stability than the matrix-type drug-loading pellet core containing the binder in the topiramate drug layer. (Example 12 sample) and coated drug-loaded pellet core (sample of Example 11)
  • Example 14 Pharmacokinetic study of topiramate pellets in vivo
  • Test sample The first batch of topiramate drug-loaded pellets (immediate release pellets) in Example 6 was used as a reference preparation, and the first batch of topiramate sustained-release pellets in Example 6 was used as a test preparation. The dosage was 23 mg based on the main drug topiramate.
  • Test subjects 6 Beagle dogs, half male and half female, Beagle dog weight 8.97 ⁇ 1.05 Kg.
  • Dosing regimen Six beagle dogs with a two-cycle randomized crossover trial, with equal doses of single-mouth J! A test preparation containing 23 mg of the main drug topiramate and a reference preparation containing 23 mg of the main drug topiramate. The interval between the two cycles is 15 days. Washing period. Beagle dogs were given 2 mL of blood in the leg vein at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48 h after administration, placed in heparin-treated negative pressure glass. In the tube, centrifuge at 4000r/min for 10min, separate the plasma, remove about 1mL of plasma into the EP tube, mark the test number, the random number of the Beagle dog and the blood collection time. The blood sample should be stored at -20 °C for analysis.
  • Plasma sample treatment take the canine plasma ⁇ , place in a 1.5mL centrifuge tube, add 20 ⁇ water, add 20 ⁇ internal standard solution (500ng/mL nimesulide solution), add 0.5mL precipitant sterol, vortex for 3min, centrifuge lOmin (9500r.pm), respectively, take the supernatant 20 ⁇ , perform LC/MS/MS analysis according to the following chromatographic conditions, and record the chromatogram.
  • Chromatographic conditions analytical column is Zorbax C8, 5 ⁇ particle size, 150 4.6 mm ID, Agilent, USA; precolumn is C18 guard column, 4 x 3.0 mm ID Phenomenex, USA; column temperature is 25 °C; mobile phase is sterol -0.5 mM ammonium acetate (75:25, v/v); flow rate 0.5 mL/min; internal standard is nimesulide (500 ng/mL).
  • the ion source is an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source (Turbo Ionspra source); negative ion mode detection; the injection voltage is -4200 V; the source temperature is 450 ° C; the atomization gas (NEB) is 8; the curtain gas (CUR ) is 11; The collision gas (CAD) is 5; the scanning mode is multi-reaction monitoring (MRM), and the ion reaction for quantitative analysis is m/z 338 ⁇ m/z 78 (topiramate, CE - 55 V), m/z 307 ⁇ m/z 229 (internal standard nimesulide, CE - 20 V); scan time is 150 msec.
  • Pharmacokinetic data processing Analysis of blood drug concentration data using DAS 2.0 analysis software
  • Beagle dogs were orally administered an equal dose (23 mg) of the reference preparation (the first batch of topiramate-loaded pellet core of Example 6) and the test preparation (the first batch of topiramate sustained-release pellets of Example 6), respectively, at different time points.
  • the average blood concentration ( ⁇ ⁇ / ⁇ 1) is shown in Fig. 5, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters are shown in Table 11.
  • Fig. 5 and Table 11 show that the beggle sustained-release composition provided by the present invention (the first batch of topiramate sustained-release pellets of Example 6 containing topiramate 23 mg) and the immediate-release topiramate-loaded pellet core (reference)
  • the first batch of topiramate-loaded pellet core of Example 6 contained 23 mg of topiramate
  • the Tmax was significantly prolonged
  • the Cmax was significantly decreased
  • the relative bioavailability of the test preparation was 92.87% of the reference preparation.
  • the topiramate sustained-release composition of the present invention is bioequivalent to the reference preparation, and at the same time has a significant sustained release formulation characteristic, which greatly reduces the peak concentration and prolongs the action time.

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Abstract

一种托吡酯缓释药物组合物,不含粘结剂。所述托吡酯缓释药物组合物为缓释微丸,含空白丸芯、药物层和缓释包衣层。

Description

托吡酯缓释药物组合物、 其制备方法及用途 技术领域
本发明属于医药化工领域, 涉及托吡酯緩释药物组合物、 其制备 方法及用途。 具体地, 所述托吡酯緩释药物组合物为緩释微丸。 背景技术
托吡酯( topiramate ) ( 2,3,4,5-双 -0-(1-曱基亚乙基) -β-D-吡喃果 糖氨基磺酸酯) (如下面的式 1所示), 是一个由 FDA于 1995年批准 的广谱神经治疗剂, 临床上已应用多年, 用于治疗某些癫痫发作病症 和预防偏头痛 ( E. Faught ( 1996 ) Neurology 46:1684-1690 ) , 还 有大量文献公开 了托吡酯在治疗糖尿病(US7109174B2 和 US6362220B1),神经功能障碍 (US6908902B2)、抑郁症 (US6627653B2)、 精神病(US6620819B2)、 头痛(US6319903B1)和高血压 (US6201010B1) 等方面具有很好的疗效。
Figure imgf000002_0001
托吡酯为白色晶体粉末, 有苦味, 易溶于丙酮, 氯仿, 二曱亚砜 和乙醇等有机溶剂, 极易溶于氢氧化钠或磷酸钠等 pH值为 9-10的碱 性溶液中, 极微溶于水(室温) , 其溶解度只有约 9.8 mg/mL, 其饱 和溶液的 H值为 6.3 ( Physician's Desk Reference, 56.sup.th ed., pp. 2590-2595 (2002) ) 。
托吡酯具有线性药物动力学特征, 在体内可迅速、 完全地被机体 吸收。 健康受试者口服 400mg后, 可在 2小时达到平均血浆峰值浓度 (Cmax)。 在日剂量 lOOmg - 800mg范围内, 托吡酯的血药浓度与剂量 呈线性关系, 口服清除率较低( 22 - 36ml/min ),血浆半衰期较长( 19 - 25h ) 。 在 0.5 - 250μιη/ιη1血浆浓度范围内, 托吡酯与人体血浆蛋 白结合率为 15 - 41%, 且随血浆浓度的增大而降低。
目前托吡酯在临床上使用的剂型有普通片剂和胶嚢, 其中片剂有 4种规格, 分别为 25mg、 50mg、 100mg、 和 200mg; 胶嚢剂为分散型 胶嚢 ( Sprinkle Capsules ) , 规格有 2种, 分另' J为 15mg和 25mg等, 分次口服, 剂量需调整, 服药比较麻烦, 患者依从性不高。 更重要的 是, 托吡酯治疗窗较窄, 因血药浓度的波动经常会导致一些不良反应 的发生, 多数表现为与中枢神经系统相关的症状, 如, 共济失调、 注 意力受损、 意识模糊、 头晕、 疲劳、 感觉异常、 嗜睡和思维异常等 (Physician's Desk Reference, 60th ed., p 2538-2447(2006))。
因此, 为了提高患者依从性和改善药物功效, 有必要为临床提供 能降低血药浓度波动且一天服药只需一次的托吡酯的緩控释剂型。
口服緩控释制剂,特别是口服緩控释微丸制剂,因具备 "剂量分散" 这一技术特征, 使得药物在胃肠道的分布更加均句、 吸收更加均一, 又因服药次数的减少使得药时曲线更加平緩,降低毒副反应的发生率, 同时能够显著改善患者依从性, 在药品市场中占有重要地位, 深受医 患者的欢迎。
CN1988889A公开了一种二次粒子制备的緩释托吡酯制剂, 首先 采用熔融法制备托吡酯的固体分散体颗粒, 再选用緩释材料与上述固 体分散体颗粒通过一步制粒或湿法制粒技术制备托吡酯的緩释颗粒, 生产成本高, 工艺复杂。
CN102112126 A公开了一种与低剂量的速释苯丁胺联合使用治疗 肥胖症的低剂量托吡酯的緩释组合物, 该緩释组合物首先用 3.5%w/w 的曱基纤维素 (Methocel A15LV, MC ) 为粘合剂将 40%w/w的托吡 酯和 56.5%w/w的微晶纤维素( AvicelPH102 )通过挤出滚圓法制备成 托吡酯载药基盾核心 (即, 托吡酯载药丸芯) , 然后用 5.47%w/w的 乙基纤维素为緩释衣膜材料和 2.39%w/w的 Povidone K30( PVP K30 ) 为致孔剂包裹托吡酯载药丸芯,最终形成具有控释作用的托吡酯小球。
WO2008061226A2公开了一种托吡酯的緩释小丸, 其制备方法为 将含有 10-20%(w/w)托吡酯和 0.5-4%HPMC或其他粘合剂的水分散 体采用流化床包衣法在惰性小丸如糖丸表面进行载药, 再在以上负载 了托吡酯的小丸表面进行控释包衣, 并进一步公开了如果惰性小丸粒 径小或者需要获得高载药量的小丸, 那么就需要高浓度的粘合剂。
然而, 以上所制备的緩释或控释托吡酯小珠(或微丸) , 其制备 托吡酯载药丸芯 (或称之为托吡酯载药基质核心) 工艺中, 均使用了 粘合剂, 如 HPMC或 MC等, 增加了与主药托吡酯发生配伍反应的 可能, 同时粘合剂的存在会影响主药的溶解状态, 造成释药速率的波 动从而影响制剂的控释效果, 而且, 在对空白小丸的载药过程中, 如 果溶液中含有粘合剂, 会提高小丸的粘连度, 降低收率。
因此, 目前亟需一种释药理想、 稳定性高、 收率高、 并且制备方 便的托吡酯緩释制剂。 发明内容
本发明人经过深入地研究和创造性的劳动, 得到了一种新的托吡 酯緩释组合物 (例如緩控释微丸) , 所述托吡酯緩释组合物不含有粘 合剂, 本发明人惊奇地发现, 该托吡酯緩释药物组合物具有緩释效果 佳、 可控性强、 稳定性高、 重现性好、 处方简单、 并且易于操作和制 备等优点, 由此提供了下述发明: 本发明提供了一种托吡酯的緩释药物组合物,其为一种緩释微丸。 该组合物包含: a.空白丸芯; b.药物层, 该药物层中不含有粘合剂; c. 緩释包衣层。 其中, 活性药物层位于空白丸芯的表面, 緩释包衣层包 裹在活性药物层的外表面。 緩释微丸的示意图如 Fig.l。
本发明组合物中, 空白丸芯是指无生理活性的丸芯, 可以包括但 不限于糖丸、 微晶纤维素丸、 淀粉丸或二氧化硅丸等, 优选是糖丸。 空白丸芯的粒径可以是 150μιη - 1500μιη, 优选 300μιη - ΙΟΟΟμιη, 更 优选 400μιη - 850μιη, 最优选 610μιη— 750μιη。 该空白丸芯可以从市 售渠道购得, 还可以采用挤出滚圓法、 流化床法等本领域常规的方式 制得。
本发明组合物中的活性药物层不含粘合剂, 其中所述的粘合剂包 括淀粉浆、 糖浆、 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (聚维酮, PVP, 如 PVP K30 ) 、 曱基纤维素 (MC ) 、 乙基纤维素 (EC ) 、 高取代度的羟丙基纤维素 ( HPC ) 、 羟丙基曱基纤维素 (HPMC ) 、 羧曱基纤维素钠、 明胶、 阿拉伯胶等。 在不含粘合剂对空白微丸进行托吡酯载药时, 载药时间 短, 小丸粘连度低。
本发明组合物中的緩释包衣层包含緩释包衣材料, 包括但不限于 乙基纤维素、 Eudragit NE 30D、 Eudragit RS 30D, Eudragit RL30D 等或它们的混合物, 优选乙基纤维素和 Eudragit NE 30D、 最优选乙 基纤维素。 包衣层还可以进一步包括增塑剂、 致孔剂、 抗粘剂、 着色 剂、 遮光剂、 芳香剂、 甜味剂等。 其中, 所述增塑剂包括但不限于甘 油、 丙二醇、 聚乙二醇、 三醋酸甘油酯、 枸橼酸三乙酯、 邻苯二曱酸 酯和癸二酸二丁酯等或它们的混合物, 优选三醋酸甘油酯; 致孔剂包 括但不限于聚乙二醇类、 聚维酮、 蔗糖、 盐类、 羟丙曱纤维素、 羟丙 曱纤维素等或它们的混合物, 优选聚维酮 (PVP K30 ) ; 抗粘剂包括 但不限于滑石粉、 硬脂酸镁、 微粉硅胶等或它们的混合物, 优选滑石 粉; 遮光剂包括但不限于二氧化钛等; 着色剂包括但不限于铁黄、 铁 红、 胭脂红、 柠檬黄、 日落黄、 靛蓝等; 芳香剂包括但不限于薄荷香 精、 柠檬香精、 桔子香精、 桉叶醇、 丁香醇等; 甜味剂包括但不限于 阿司巴甜、 香兰素、 山梨醇、 甘露醇、 人造香精等或它们的混合物。
本发明緩释包衣增重 (緩释衣膜材料与总组合物重量百分比, w/w ) 范围可以根据实验确定, 一般来讲, 緩释包衣增重范围为占组 合物总重量的 2% - 30%, 优选为 4% - 15%, 更优选为 5% - 10%。
本发明的组合物中, 活性成份(托吡酯) 占组合物总重量的 10% - 50%, 优选为 15% - 45%, 更优选为 20% - 40%。
更进一步地, 申请人在经过大量的实验后发现, 针对以上的托吡 酯载药小丸, 采用含有乙基纤维素和 PVPK30组合的緩释包衣层, 相 对于其他的緩释材料的包衣层, 具有意想不到的良好效果。 即, 采用 乙基纤维素和致孔剂 PVPK30作为緩释包衣层材料所制备的托吡酯微 丸更好的释药稳定性, 能够保证多批样品的释药一致性, 而且不需要 经过包衣后热处理即能产生预期的緩控释效果。不仅简化了包衣工艺, 还去除了包衣后热处理工艺对药物释放的影响因素。 其中, 乙基纤维 素和 PVPK30的用量比为 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45, 优选 1: 0.25 - 1: 0.40, 特别优选的是 1: 0.3 - 1: 0.35。
在本发明的一个优选的实施方式中, 药物层含有托吡酯, 緩释包 衣层采用乙基纤维素为緩释包衣材料, PVP K30为致孔剂, 乙基纤维 素和 PVP K30的用量比为 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方式中, 药物层含有托吡酯, 緩释 包衣层采用乙基纤维素为緩释包衣材料, PVP K30为致孔剂, 乙基纤 维素和 PVP K30的用量比为 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45, 緩释包衣增重范围为 5% - 15%。
在本发明的另一个优选的实施方式中, 空白丸芯为糖丸, 药物层 中包含托吡酯, 緩释包衣层中乙基纤维素为緩释包衣材料, PVP K30 为致孔剂, 乙基纤维素和 PVP K30的用量比为 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45, 緩 释包衣增重范围为 5% - 15%。
在本发明的又一个优选的实施方式中, 空白丸芯为粒径为 610μιη - 750μιη的糖丸, 药物层中包含托吡酯, 緩释包衣层中乙基纤维素为 緩释包衣材料, PVP K30为致孔剂, 乙基纤维素和 PVP Κ30的用量 比为 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45, 緩释包衣增重范围为 5% - 10%。
在本发明的又一个优选的实施方式中, 空白丸芯为粒径为 710μιη - 850μιη的糖丸, 药物层采用托吡酯作为活性药物, 緩释包衣层中乙 基纤维素为緩释包衣材料, PVP Κ30 为致孔剂, 乙基纤维素和 PVP Κ30的用量比为 1: 0.20 - 1: 0.45, 緩释包衣增重范围为 5% - 8%。
在本发明的一个特别实施例中, 空白丸芯为粒径为 610μιη - 750μιη的糖丸, 药物层为托吡酯, 緩释包衣层中乙基纤维素为緩释包 衣材料, PVP K30为致孔剂, 乙基纤维素和 PVP K30的用量比为 1: 0.25 - 1: 0.35, 緩释包衣增重范围为 6% - 8%。
在本发明以及所述的具体实施方式中, 药物层含有托吡酯, 还可 以进一步包含其他药学可接受辅料,例如可以是表面活性剂、崩解剂、 芳香剂、 甜味剂、 抗粘剂、 遮光剂等。 其中, 所述的表面活性剂包括 阴离子型表面活性剂、 阳离子型表面活性剂、 两性离子型表面活性剂 及非离子表面活性剂, 包括但不限于十二烷基硫酸钠、十六醇硫酸钠、 十八醇硫酸钠、 十二烷基苯磺酸钠、 二辛基琥珀酸酯磺酸钠、 二已基 琥珀酸磺酸钠、 卵磷脂、 脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇 脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、 氧乙烯氧丙烯聚 合物、 聚氧乙烯 40单硬脂酸酯、 聚氧乙烯 50硬脂酸酯、 环氧乙烷三 嵌段共聚物、 环氧丙烷三嵌段共聚物、 去水山梨糖醇单棕榈酸酯 (司盘 -40)、 脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯(司盘 -60)、 单硬脂酸甘油酯、 聚氧乙烯 硬脂酸酯等或它们的混合物; 所述崩解剂包括但不限于微晶纤维素、 低取代羟丙基纤维素钠, 交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、 羧曱基淀粉钠、 预胶 化淀粉、 海藻酸、 淀粉、 泡腾崩解剂等或它们的混合物; 抗粘剂包括 但不限于滑石粉、 硬脂酸镁、 微粉硅胶, 优选滑石粉; 遮光剂包括但 不限于二氧化钛等; 芳香剂包括但不限于薄荷香精、 柠檬香精、 桔子 香精、 桉叶醇、 丁香醇等; 或甜味剂包括但不限于阿司巴甜、 香兰素、 山梨醇、 甘露醇、 人造香精等。
本发明的托吡酯緩释微丸, 24小时服用一次就可以达到良好的治 疗效果, 体内血药浓度平稳, 能显著降低峰浓度, 具有良好的緩释效 果。 本发明的托吡酯緩释微丸, 体外释放度为: 1小时不超过 35%, 4 小时在 30% - 60%之间, 8 小时在 60% - 90%之间, 16 小时不低于 90%; 优选 1小时不超过 25%, 4小时在 35% - 55%之间, 8小时在 60% - 85%之间, 16小时不低于 90%; 最优选 1小时不超过 25%, 4 小时在 35% - 55%之间, 8 小时在 65% - 85%之间, 16 小时不低于 90%。
本发明的释放度优选的测定条件为,照中国药典 2010年版二部附 录释放度测定法 (附录 X D)第一法 (用于緩释制剂或控释制剂),采用中 国药典 2010年版二部附录溶出度测定法(附录 X C )第二法(浆法) 装置, 以水(500ml ) 为释放介质, 37 °C, 转速为每分钟 100转, 于 规定的不同时间取样分析。
另一方面, 本发明还提供了一种托吡酯的緩释药物组合物的制备 方法, 该方法包括:
a. 取药物层的成分对空白丸芯进行包衣上药
b. 对以上载药小丸进行緩释包衣。
优选的, 本发明托吡酯緩释微丸的制备方法包括以下步骤: a. 取托吡酯及药物层其它辅料, 加入适量溶剂溶解, 对空白丸芯 进行包衣上药;
b. 对以上载药小丸进行緩释包衣。
更优选地, 本发明托吡酯緩释微丸的制备方法包括以下步骤: a. 取托吡酯及药物层其他辅料, 加入适量溶剂溶解, 采用上述药 液对空白丸芯进行上药包衣;
b. 将緩释包衣材料以及緩释包衣层其他辅料溶解于溶剂中,对以 上载药小丸进行緩释包衣。
最优选地, 本发明托吡酯緩释微丸的制备方法包括以下步骤: a. 取托吡酯及药物层其他辅料, 加入适量溶剂, 在搅拌状态下加 热溶解, 取空白丸芯置于流化床一步制粒包衣锅中, 将上述药液在搅 拌状态下进行上药包衣;
b. 将緩释包衣材料以及緩释包衣层其他辅料溶解于溶剂中,在搅 拌状态下加热溶解, 搅句, 过 100目筛, 即得緩释包衣液;
c 取上述载药微丸, 在流化床中将緩释包衣溶液喷雾于载药小丸 表面, 得到托吡酯緩释微丸。
其中, 本发明方法中适宜的溶剂为水、 乙醇、 丙酮、 丙二醇、 氯 仿或它们的混合物, 优选是水和乙醇的混合物, 例如, 可以是 50%乙 醇水溶液、 70%乙醇水溶液、 95%乙醇水溶液。
本发明托吡酯緩释微丸的制备方法中, 药物层中的活性成分为托 吡酯, 药物层中不含粘合剂, 其中所述的粘合剂为淀粉浆、 糖浆、 聚 乙烯吡咯烷酮 (聚维酮, PVP, 如 PVP K30 ) 、 曱基纤维素 (MC ) 、 乙基纤维素(EC ) 、 高取代度的羟丙基纤维素(HPC ) 、 羟丙基曱基 纤维素 (HPMC ) 、 羧曱基纤维素钠、 明胶、 阿拉伯胶等。 药物层还 可以进一步包含其他药学可接受辅料, 例如可以是表面活性剂、 崩解 剂、 芳香剂、 甜味剂、 抗粘剂、 遮光剂等。 其中, 所述的表面活性剂 包括阴离子型表面活性剂、 阳离子型表面活性剂、 两性离子型表面活 性剂及非离子表面活性剂, 包括但不限于十二烷基硫酸钠、 十六醇硫 酸钠、 十八醇硫酸钠、 十二烷基苯磺酸钠、 二辛基琥珀酸酯磺酸钠、 二已基琥珀酸磺酸钠、 卵磷脂、 脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脱水 山梨醇脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、 聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚、 氧乙烯氧 丙烯聚合物、 聚氧乙烯 40单硬脂酸酯、 聚氧乙烯 50硬脂酸酯、 环氧 乙烷三嵌段共聚物、 环氧丙烷三嵌段共聚物、 去水山梨糖醇单棕榈酸 酯 (司盘 -40)、 脱水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯 (司盘 -60)、 单硬脂酸甘油酯、 聚 氧乙烯硬脂酸酯等或它们的混合物; 所述崩解剂包括但不限于微晶纤 维素、低取代羟丙基纤维素钠, 交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羧曱基淀粉钠、 预胶化淀粉、 海藻酸、 淀粉、 泡腾崩解剂等或它们的混合物; 抗粘剂 包括但不限于滑石粉、 硬脂酸镁、 微粉硅胶, 优选滑石粉; 遮光剂包 括但不限于二氧化钛等; 芳香剂包括但不限于薄荷香精、 柠檬香精、 桔子香精、 桉叶醇、 丁香醇等; 或甜味剂包括但不限于阿司巴甜、 香 兰素、 山梨醇、 甘露醇、 人造香精等。
本发明组合物的制备方法中, 緩释包衣层中的緩释包衣材料包括 但不限于乙基纤维素、 Eudragit NE 30D、 Eudragit RS 30D、 和 Eudragit RL30D, 优选乙基纤维素和 Eudragit NE 30D, 最优选乙基 纤维素。 包衣层还可以进一步包括增塑剂、 致孔剂、 抗粘剂、 着色剂、 遮光剂、 芳香剂、 甜味剂等。 其中, 所述增塑剂包括但不限于甘油、 丙二醇、 聚乙二醇、 三醋酸甘油酯、 枸橼酸三乙酯、 邻苯二曱酸酯和 癸二酸二丁酯等, 优选三醋酸甘油酯; 致孔剂包括但不限于聚乙二醇 类、 聚维酮、 蔗糖、 盐类、 羟丙曱纤维素、 羟丙曱纤维素等, 优选聚 维酮 (PVP K30 ) ; 抗粘剂包括但不限于滑石粉、 硬脂酸镁、 微粉硅 胶, 优选滑石粉; 遮光剂包括但不限于二氧化钛等; 着色剂包括但不 限于铁黄、 铁红、 胭脂红、 柠檬黄、 日落黄、 靛蓝等; 芳香剂包括但 不限于薄荷香精、 柠檬香精、 桔子香精、 桉叶醇、 丁香醇等; 或甜味 剂包括但不限于阿司巴甜、 香兰素、 山梨醇、 甘露醇、 人造香精等。
优选地, 本发明的托吡酯緩释微丸的緩释包衣层中含有乙基纤维 素和聚维酮 K30。
在本发明的一个具体实施方式中, 托吡酯微丸的制备工艺如下: a. 取主药托吡酯, 用乙醇溶液溶解, 配制成浓度为 20% ( w/v ) 的上药包衣溶液。 取空白丸芯置于流化床一步制粒包衣锅中, 将上述 药液在搅拌状态下进行上药包衣, 得载药丸芯。
b. 将緩释包衣材料乙基纤维素溶于乙醇溶液, 其浓度在 3 - 8% ( w/v ) 范围内, 优选为 5 - 7% ( w/v ) 范围内, 并加入适量特定的致 孔剂 PVP K30, 在搅拌状态下加热溶解, 搅句, 过 100目筛, 将其雾 化喷入流化床底喷包衣锅中的载有托吡酯活性药物层的载药丸芯上进 行緩释包衣。
在流化床内上药包衣以及緩释包衣的工艺参数可以根据实际情况 进行调整, 优选的工艺参数为:
上药包衣 -进风温度为 50 - 70°C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2°C ) ; 进风压力为 0.3 - 0.5bar; 雾化压力为 1.0 - 2.0bar; 喷液速率为 5 - 15g/min0
緩释包衣 -进风温度为 40 - 45°C (使锅内温度保持在 30 - 35 °C ); 进风压力为 0.3 - 0.5bar; 雾化压力为 1.0 - 2.0bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。
本发明组合物所述的托吡酯緩释微丸粒径可以是 150μιη - 1500μιη, 优选 300μιη - ΙΟΟΟμιη, 更优选 400μιη - 850μιη , 最优选 610μιη - 750μιη。 本发明组合物中的托吡酯緩释微丸可进一步制备成 其它的制剂, 例如, 可以装入胶嚢制备成胶嚢剂, 或者加入其它药学 可接受的辅料压制成片剂。还可以与其它活性成分一起制成复方制剂。 本发明组合物单位制剂中托吡酯的含量可以是 lmg - 500mg, 优 选 5mg - 300mg, 更优选 10mg - 250mg, 最优选 20mg - lOOmg, 最 佳是 23mg - 92mg。
在本发明的一个实施方式中, 单位制剂中含有托吡酯 23mg, 在 另一个实施方式中, 单位制剂中含有托吡酯 46mg, 在又一个实施方 式中, 单位制剂中含有托吡酯 92mg。
本发明还涉及本发明任一项所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物在制备 预防和 /或治疗和 /或辅助治疗偏头痛、 癫痫、 糖尿病、 神经功能障碍、 抑郁症、 精神病、 头痛或高血压的药物中的用途。
本发明还涉及一种预防和 /或治疗和 /或辅助治疗偏头痛、 癫痫、 糖尿病、 神经功能障碍、 抑郁症、 精神病、 头痛或高血压的方法, 包 括给予有效量的本发明任一项所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物的步骤。
本发明中, 给予的对象为受试者, 例如哺乳动物, 包括但不限于: 人、 猴子、 猪、 牛、 羊, 等等。
在本发明中, 术语"有效量 "是指可在受试者中实现治疗、 预防、 减轻和 /或緩解本发明所述疾病或病症的剂量。 附图说明
Fig.l: 本发明的托吡酯微丸结构示意图。
Fig.2:实施例 6中三批托吡酯緩释包衣微丸在水中的释放度曲线。
Fig.3: 实施例 6中第一批托吡酯緩释包衣微丸在不同释放介质中 的释放度曲线。
Fig.4: 实施例 6中第一批托吡酯緩释包衣微丸在不同转速条件下 的释放度曲线。
Fig.5: 托吡酯緩释包衣微丸体内血药浓度曲线。 具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述, 但是本领 域技术人员将会理解, 下列实施例仅用于说明本发明, 而不应视为限 定本发明的范围。 实施例中未注明具体条件者, 按照常规条件或制造 商建议的条件进行。 所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者, 均为可以通 过市购获得的常规产品。 以下实施例中除非特别指出, 否则所得参数均按下式计算: 微丸上药率 (% ) = ( W微丸总重量 ― W 空白丸芯量 ) / W原料药用量 χΐοο % 緩释包衣增重(%)=(\¥緩释包衣后微丸总重量 ― W緩释包衣前微丸总重量) / W緩释包衣后微丸 总重量 xl00 %
^i^L ^ ^. ^=(\¥ 包衣后微丸总重量 ― W 未 #连微丸总重量 )/ W 包衣后微丸总重量 χ100 % 在本发明的实施例中, 除非特别指出, 均采用以下方法测定托吡 酯的释放度。 按中国药典 2010年版二部附录释放度测定法 (附录 X D) 第一法 (用于緩释制剂或控释制剂), 采用中国药典 2010年版二部附录 溶出度测定法 (附录 X C)第二法 (浆法)装置, 以水(500ml )为释放介 质, 转速为每分钟 100转, 37 °C。 于规定时间取样 5ml (同时补充等量 介质), 滤过, 取续滤液为供试品溶液。 采用高效液相色谱法(中国药 典 2010版二部附录 VD ) , 用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂, 柱温为 35°C , 50%曱醇为流动相, 示差检测器, 流速为每分钟 1.5ml。 取供 试品溶液 200μ1, 注入液相色谱仪, 记录主药托吡酯的峰面积; 另取 托吡酯对照品, 同法测定, 外标法计算不同时间药物的累积释放百分 率。 实施例 1: 含粘合剂与不含粘合剂的含药溶液的上药包衣比较 处方:
Figure imgf000012_0001
1 230 6.9g - - - 1150
2 230 -- 6.9g -- -- 1150
3 230 -- -- 6.9g -- 1150 4 230 - - - - 1150
制备方法:
称取 230g托吡酯原料 4份, 分别加 50%乙醇适量, 在 40°C-50°C 加热状态下搅拌, 溶解; 再分别称取 HPMC(E5)、 PVP K30, HPC各 6.9g, 依次加入第一份、 第二份、 和第三份溶液中, 第四份不加粘合 剂, 在 40°C - 50°C加热状态下搅拌, 溶解, 加 50%乙醇至 1150ml, 即得含不同粘合剂的含药包衣溶液。
称取 500g蔗糖丸芯(710 - 850μιη ), 置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 55°C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2°C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 - 15g/min (根据流化状态 随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处于流化状态下, 将含药包衣溶液以底喷的 方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面,上药结束后,物料于 45°C继续流化 5分钟, 得到含不同粘合剂的载药小丸, 称重, 结果见表 1。
表 1: 含粘合剂与不含粘合剂的含药溶液的上药包衣结果
Figure imgf000013_0001
结果显示, 本发明的不含粘合剂的托吡酯緩释药物组合物的包衣 上药时间短, 并且上药率高。 实施例 2: 以不同溶剂为溶媒的含药包衣溶液的上药包衣结果 称取 230g托吡酯原料 4份, 分别加适量的 50%乙醇、 70%乙醇、 95%乙醇、 以及无水乙醇, 在 40°C - 50°C加热状态下搅拌, 溶解, 补 加相应的溶媒至 1150ml, 即得以不同溶剂为溶媒的含药包衣溶液。
称取 500g蔗糖丸芯(710 - 850μιη ), 置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 55°C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2°C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 - 15g/min (根据流化状态 随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处于流化状态下, 将以不同溶剂为溶媒的含 药包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面, 上药结束后, 物料于 45 °C继续流化 5分钟,得到以不同溶剂为溶媒的上药包衣的载药小丸, 称重, 结果见表 2。
表 2: 以不同溶剂为溶媒的含药包衣溶液的上药包衣结果
Figure imgf000014_0001
实施例 3: 不同粒径空白丸芯的托吡酯緩释微丸释放度比较
处方
1 ) 载药微丸处方:
托吡 空白丸芯
酯 粒径范围 重量
( g ) ( μιη ) ( g )
5 230 300 - 400 500
6 230 500 - 610 500
7 230 610 - 750 500
2 )緩释包衣层配方:
., 、 乙基纤维素 PVP K30
5 50 16.5
6 40 13.2
7 30 10.0 制备方法:
(1) 称取 230g托吡酯原料, 加 50%乙醇适量, 在 40°C - 50°C加 热状态下搅拌, 溶解, 加 50%乙醇至 1150ml, 即得含药包衣溶液。
分另' J称取 300μιη - 400μιη、 500μιη - 610μιη、 710μιη - 850μιη蔗 糖丸芯各 500g, 置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 55°C (使 锅内温度保持在 40±2°C ); 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 - 15g/min (根据流化状态随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处于 流化状态下, 将含药包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面, 上 药结束后, 物料于 45°C继续流化 5分钟, 得托吡酯载药微丸。
(2) 称取处方量的乙基纤维素(EC ) , 加适量 95%乙醇溶解, 再 加入处方量的 PVP K30溶解得緩释包衣液。
(3) 取以上不同粒径的托吡酯载药丸芯各 500g, 分别置于流化床 底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 40 - 45°C (使锅内温度保持在 30 - 35°C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。在载药小丸处于流化状态下, 将上述 3个处方的緩释包衣溶 液以底喷的方式分别喷雾于对应的不同粒径大小的载药小丸表面, 得 到不同粒径大小的托吡酯緩释微丸, 緩释包衣增重分别为 10.9%、 8.8%, 6.7%。 经计算, 微丸粘连度分别为 2.2%、 2.1%, 1.8%。
所制备的托吡酯緩释微丸的药物释放度测定结果见表 3。
表 3: 不同粒径微丸的释放度评价结果
释放度 ( % )
空白丸芯粒
处方 1小 4小 8小 12小 16小 20小 径
时 时 时 时 时 时
5 300 - 400μιη 21.6 55.5 88.1 98.5 100.4 101.2
6 500 - 610μιη 16.7 49.5 80.6 92.4 98.5 99.6
7 610 - 750μιη 19.4 56.8 85.4 96.2 99.8 100.4 实施例 4: 不同緩释材料包衣的托吡酯緩释微丸的释放度比较 緩释包衣处方:
处方 8 9 10 载药微丸 500 g 500 g 500 g
Eudragit 133 g (相当于
RS30D 干树脂 40g )
Eudragit 167 g (相当于
NE30D 干树脂 50 )
Eudragit 200 g (相当于
RL30D 干树脂 60 ) 滑石粉 20 25 30 水 246 309 370 制备方法:
分别取处方量的 Eudragit RS30D , Eudragit NE 30D, Eudragit RL30D水分散体, 加入一倍量的水, 搅句; 将处方量的滑石粉加入到 剩余量的水中, 用高剪切匀化机句化 3min, 将此混悬液緩慢倒入上述 水分散体中, 搅匀, 过 80目筛, 即得緩释包衣液。
取实施例 1中处方 4制备的载药微丸 500g置于流化床底喷包衣锅 中, 设置进风温度为 25 - 30 °C (使锅内温度保持在 23 - 25 °C ); 进风 压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 5g/min。 在载药 小丸处于流化状态下, 分别将上述 3种緩释包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷 雾于载药小丸表面, 得到 3种分别以 Eudragit RS30D , Eudragit NE 30D, 和 Eudragit RL30D为緩释包衣材料的托吡酯緩释微丸, 緩释包 衣增重分别为 9.7%、 11.9%、 和 13.9%。 所得托吡酯緩释微丸于 40°C 高温烘箱中进行 24 小时老化热处理。 经计算, 微丸粘连度分别为 2.8%, 2.7%, 3.0%。
药物释放度测定结果见表 4。 表 4: 不同緩释包衣材料的托吡酯緩释微丸的释放度评价结果
Figure imgf000017_0001
实施例 5: 托吡酯緩释微丸的制备
緩释包衣处方
处方 11 12 13
EC 30g 30g 30g
PVP K30 9g 9.6g 10.5g 制备方法:
分别按上述处方用量比例,将乙基纤维素用适量 95%乙醇,溶解, 再分别加入比例量的 PVP K30, 溶解, 即得緩释包衣液。
取实施例 1中以不含粘合剂的含药包衣溶液制备的载药微丸 500g 置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 40 - 45°C (使锅内温度保 持在 30 - 35°C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速 率为 3 - 12g/min。 在载药小丸处于流化状态下, 分别将乙基纤维素与 PVP K30不同比例的緩释包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于载药小丸表 面, 緩释包衣增重分别为 6.56%, 6.65%, 和 6.79%, 得到乙基纤维 素与 PVP K30不同比例的托吡酯緩释微丸, 经计算,微丸粘连度分别 为 2.3%、 2.4%、 2.1%。 药物释放度测定结果见表 5。 表 5: 处方 11-13制备的托吡酯緩释微丸释放度评价结果
Figure imgf000018_0001
实施例 6: 工艺重现性实验
( 1 ) 不含粘合剂托吡酯载药丸芯的制备
称取 276g托吡酯原料, 加 70%乙醇适量, 在 40°C-50°C加热状态 下搅拌, 溶解, 加 70%乙醇至 1380ml, 即得含药包衣溶液。
称取 710μιη - 850μιη蔗糖丸芯 600g, 置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 55°C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2°C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 - 15g/min (根据流化状态 随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处于流化状态下, 将含药包衣溶液以底喷的 方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面,上药结束后,物料于 45°C继续流化 5分钟, 得到不含粘合剂的托吡酯载药丸芯, 称重, 记录上药结束后微丸的总 重量 W总, 计算微丸的上药率和出品率, 见表 6。
表 6: 不含粘合剂的托吡酯载药丸芯的工艺重现性结果 制备规模 主药投 篇糖丸 载药丸 上药
样品 出品率
(制剂单位 / (g/ 山 口
料量 (g/ 里 率
批次 ( % )
批) 批) 批) 量 (g/批) ( % )
1 12000 276 600 864 95.7 98.6
2 12000 276 600 862 94.9 98.4
3 12000 276 600 863 95.3 98.5 备注: 每个制剂单位的托吡酯剂量按 23mg计; 出品率为载药丸 芯量除以原辅料投料总量。 ( 2 )托吡酯緩释包衣微丸的制备
称取乙基纤维素 48g, 加适量 95%乙醇, 在 40°C - 50°C加热状态 下搅拌, 溶解, 再加入 PVP K30 约 16.2g, 在 40°C - 50°C加热状态下 搅拌, 溶解, 搅匀, 加 95%乙醇至 1152ml, 即得緩释包衣液。
取以上制备的载药微丸 800g置于流化床底喷包衣锅中,设置进风 温度为 40 - 45°C (使锅内温度保持在 30 - 35°C );进风压力为 0.35ba; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。 在载药小丸处于流化状 态下, 将緩释包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于载药小丸表面, 得到三批 托吡酯緩释微丸, 緩释包衣增重分别为 6.87%, 6.98%, 和 7.08%, 经计算,微丸粘连度分别为 2.1%、 2.0%、 2.1%。 结果见 Fig.2和表 7。
表 7: 托吡酯緩释包衣微丸的工艺重现性试验结果
Figure imgf000019_0001
结果显示, 本发明的托吡酯緩释药物组合物 (包衣微丸)具有良 好的重现性。 实施例 7: 不同溶出介质对于托吡酯緩释微丸释放度的影响
为了验证本发明的緩释微丸的释放度是否受酸、 碱溶媒的影响, 分别配制 O.lmol/L HCl ( pH1.2 )作为人工胃液, 0.2 mol/L磷酸盐緩 冲液(pH6.8 )作为人工小肠液, 分别以上述介质和水(500ml ) 为释 放介质, 转速为每分钟 100转, 37 °C。 于 1、 2、 4、 8、 12、 16、 20、 24小时取样 5ml (同时补充等量介质), 滤过, 取续滤液为供试品溶液。 采用高效液相色谱法(中国药典 2010版二部附录 VD ) , 用辛烷基硅 烷键合硅胶为填充剂, 50%曱醇为流动相, 示差检测器, 流速为每分 钟 1.5ml。 取供试品溶液 200μ1, 注入液相色语仪, 记录主药托吡酯的 峰面积, 另取托吡酯对照品, 同法测定, 外标法计算不同时间药物的 累积释放百分率。 绘制实施例 6 ( 2 ) 中第 1批的样品在以上介质中的 释放曲线, 结果如 Fig.3。
由结果可以看出, 托吡酯緩释微丸在人工胃液、 水以及人工小肠 液中的药物释放曲线基本一致(由于托吡酯在 pHl.2的人工胃液里不 稳定, 发生降解反应, 本实验人工胃液释放度数据是主药托吡酯和降 解产物加和值) , 说明本品能在胃肠道不同的部位恒定释放药物, 能 够保证活性成分托吡酯有稳定的药理效果。 实施例 8: 不同转速对于托吡酯緩释微丸释放度的影响
为了验证本发明的緩释微丸的释放度是否受胃肠蠕动的影响, 分 别设置每分钟 50转, 75转和 100转的转速, 以水( 500ml )为释放介 质, 37 °C。 于 1、 2、 4、 8、 12、 16、 20、 24小时取样 5ml (同时补充 等量介质), 滤过, 取续滤液为供试品溶液。 采用高效液相色谱法(中 国药典 2010版二部附录 VD ) ,用辛烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂, 50% 曱醇为流动相,示差检测器,流速为每分钟 1.5ml。取供试品溶液 200μ1, 注入液相色语仪, 记录主药托吡酯的峰面积, 另取托吡酯对照品, 同 法测定, 外标法计算不同时间药物的累积释放百分率。 绘制实施例 6 ( 2 )中第 1批的样品在以上不同转速条件下的释放曲线,结果如 Fig.4。
由结果可以看出, 托吡酯緩释微丸在每分钟 50 - 100转的转速范 围内的药物释放曲线基本一致, 说明本品能在胃肠道不同蠕动状态下 恒定释放药物, 能够保证活性成分托吡酯有稳定的药理效果。 实施例 9: 释药一致性研究 ( 1 )
按实施例 4的方法将处方 8-10重复三批, 考虑其释药一致性。 结 果见表 8。
表 8: 托吡酯緩释微丸的释药均一性结果(平均值 ±标准差) 不同时间药物释放度 ( % ) (平均值士标准差) 处方
1小时 4小时 8小时 16小时 20小时 处方 8 19.6±8.7 51.2±8.3 75.2±9.8 93.3±9.1 95.7±5.2 处方 9 15.1±7.1 38.8±7.4 68.7±8.7 92.9±9.8 95.3±4.1 处方 10 14.4±8.8 36·5±8·3 65.3±9.6 92.4±8.1 95.1±5.2 实施例 6 14.4±2.5 37·2±1·8 68.5±1.4 96.4±1.2 100.2±0.9 结果显示, 本发明的托吡酯緩释药物组合物 (包衣微丸)具有良 好的释药一致性。 实施例 10: 释药一致性研究 (2 )
处方:
药物层
Figure imgf000021_0001
緩释层
Figure imgf000021_0002
制备方法:
(1) 称取以上处方量的药物层各成分, 加 50%乙醇适量, 在 40°C - 50°C加热状态下搅拌, 溶解(处方 14, 15 )或混悬(处方 16 ) , 加 50%乙醇至 1150ml, 即得含药包衣溶液(处方 14, 15 )或混悬液(处 方 16 ) 。
称取 610μιη - 750μιη蔗糖丸芯各 500g, 置于流化床底喷包衣锅 中, 设置进风温度为 55°C (使锅内温度保持在 40±2°C ); 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 5 - 15g/min (根据流化状态 随时调整) 。 在蔗糖丸芯处于流化状态下, 将含药包衣溶液或混悬液 以底喷的方式喷雾于空白丸芯表面, 上药结束后, 物料于 45°C继续流 化 5分钟, 得托吡酯载药微丸。
(2) 称取处方量的乙基纤维素(EC ), 加适量 95%乙醇, 在 40°C - 50°C加热状态下搅拌, 溶解, 再加入处方量的 PVP K30, 在 40°C - 50°C加热状态下搅拌,溶解,搅匀,再加入处方量的微粉硅胶,加 95% 乙醇至处方量, 搅拌, 即得緩释包衣液。
分别取以上托吡酯载药丸芯各 500g, 分别置于流化床底喷包衣锅 中, 设置进风温度为 40 - 45 °C (使锅内温度保持在 30 - 35 °C ); 进风 压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。 在载 药小丸处于流化状态下, 将上述 3个处方的緩释包衣溶液在搅拌状态 下以底喷的方式分别喷雾于对应的不同粒径大小的载药小丸表面, 得 到不同粒径大小的托吡酯緩释微丸, 包衣增重 6%。 经计算, 微丸粘 连度分别为 1.9、 2.0、 1.7%。 释放度测定结果见表 9。
表 9: 处方 14 - 16的药物释放度测定结果
Figure imgf000022_0001
结果显示, 本发明的托吡酯緩释药物组合物 (包衣微丸)具有良 好的释药一致性。 实施例 11: 托吡酯緩释微丸的制备
取实施例 1中处方 1制备的药物层含黏合剂 HPMC的托吡酯载药 丸芯 500g, 置于流化床底喷包衣锅中。 用 95%乙醇 720ml配制含乙 基纤维素和 PVP K30分别为 30g和 10g的緩释包衣液。设置进风温度 为 40 - 45°C (使锅内温度保持在 30 - 35°C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液速率为 3 - 12g/min。 在载药小丸处于流化状 态下, 将緩释包衣溶液以底喷的方式喷雾于载药小丸表面, 得到药物 层含黏合剂 HPMC的托吡酯緩释微丸, 緩释包衣增重为 6.86。 实施例 12: 托吡酯緩释微丸的制备
处方
Figure imgf000023_0001
制备方法:
将处方量的主药托吡酯和填充剂微晶纤维素过筛混合均匀; 用
70%乙醇将甲基纤维素 (MethocelTMA15LV )配制成适宜浓度的溶液作 黏合剂, 制软材; 将软材置于挤出机内, 选择一定目数筛网和挤出速 度, 挤出棒状颗粒物; 将挤出的棒状颗粒物置于滚圓机中, 在一定的 滚圓速度下, 滚圓 3 - 5 min, 制得的微丸在 40°C烘箱中干燥 2h, 即 得托吡酯载药丸芯。
称取处方量的乙基纤维素和聚维酮 ( Povidone K30 ) , 用 95%乙 醇 820ml, 搅拌溶解, 制得緩释包衣液。 将上述制备的托吡酯载药丸 芯置于流化床底喷包衣锅中, 设置进风温度为 40 - 45°C (使锅内温度 保持在 30 - 35°C ) ; 进风压力为 0.35bar; 雾化压力为 1.5bar; 喷液 速率为 1 - 3g/min。 在载药小丸处于流化状态下, 将緩释包衣溶液喷 雾于载药丸芯表面, 得到托吡酯緩释微丸, 緩释包衣增重为 6.68%。 实施例 13: 托吡酯微丸稳定性研究
将实施例 11和实施例 12制备的托吡酯緩释微丸, 以及实施例 6 制备的第一批托吡酯緩释微丸, 分别棵置于内含饱和 NaCl溶液的密 封干燥器中, 再将干燥器置于高温 60°C烘箱中, 设置同时高温高湿 ( 60°C, RH75% ) 的加速条件, 分别于 0天、 5天、 10天定时取样。
将取出的微丸样品的内容物倾出, 置于 10mL量瓶中, 用适量曱 醇超声溶解,再用 5倍量的水稀释至刻度,使主药的浓度约为 5mg/ml, 用 0.45μιη有机系微孔滤膜过滤, 弃去初滤液, 取续滤液即为供试品 溶液。 照高效液相色谱法(中国药典 2010版二部附录 VD ) , 用辛烷 基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂, 柱温为 35°C, 40%曱醇为流动相, 示差检 测器, 流速为每分钟 1.5ml。 取供试品溶液 200μ1, 注入液相色谱仪, 记录色谱图至主峰保留时间的 3倍, 供试品溶液如有杂质峰, 采用峰 面积归一法计算其杂质的总含量, 结果见表 10。 可见, 本发明公开的 托吡酯緩释组合物 (托吡酯药物层不含黏合剂的包衣型载药丸芯, 实 施例 6样品) 的稳定性均优于托吡酯药物层含有黏合剂的骨架型载药 丸芯 (实施例 12样品)和包衣型载药丸芯 (实施例 11样品)
表 10: 芬特明托吡酯微丸胶嚢的稳定性结果
Figure imgf000024_0001
结果显示, 本发明的托吡酯緩释药物组合物具有良好的稳定性。 实施例 14: 托吡酯微丸体内药代动力学研究
供试样品: 以实施例 6中第一批托吡酯载药丸芯 (速释微丸) 为 参比制剂, 以实施例 6中第一批托吡酯緩释微丸为试验制剂。 服用剂 量以主药托吡酯计均为 23mg。
试验对象: Beagle犬 6只, 雌雄各半, Beagle犬体重为 8.97±1.05 kg。
给药方案: 六条比格犬双周期随机交叉试验设计, 分别等剂量单 次口 J! 含主药托吡酯 23mg的试验制剂和含主药托吡酯 23mg的参比 制剂, 两周期之间间隔 15天的洗净期。 比格犬在给药后 0.5、 1、 2、 3、 4、 6、 8、 10、 12、 16、 24、 36、 48h分别于腿静脉取血 2mL, 置于肝 素钠处理过的负压玻璃管中, 4000r/min离心 10min, 分离血浆, 移取 血浆约 lmL到 EP管中, 标注试验号、 比格犬的随机号及采血时间, 血样放置 -20°C保存待处理分析。
血浆样品处理:取给药犬血浆 ΙΟΟμΙ,置 1.5mL离心管中,加 20μί 水, 加 20μί内标溶液( 500ng/mL尼美舒利溶液), 加 0.5mL沉淀剂 曱醇, 涡流 3min, 离心 lOmin ( 9500r.p.m.), 分别吸取上清液 20μί, 按下述色谱条件进行 LC/MS/MS分析, 记录色谱图。
色谱条件: 分析柱为 Zorbax C8, 5μιη粒径, 150 4.6 mm I.D., 美国 Agilent 公司; 预柱为 C18 保护柱, 4 x 3.0 mm I.D. 美国 Phenomenex公司;柱温为 25°C ;流动相为曱醇 -0.5 mM乙酸铵( 75:25, v/v ) ; 流速为 0.5 mL/min; 内标物为尼美舒利 ( 500 ng/mL ) 。
质语条件: API 3000型串联四极杆质谱仪。 离子源为大气压化学 离子化源( Turbo Ionspra 源); 负离子方式检测; 喷射电压为- 4200 V; 源温度为 450°C ; 雾化气(NEB ) 为 8; 卷帘气(CUR ) 为 11; 碰撞气(CAD )为 5; 扫描方式为多反应监测(MRM ) , 用于定量分 析的离子反应分别为 m/z 338→ m/z 78 (托吡酯, CE - 55 V ), m/z 307 → m/z 229 (内标尼美舒利, CE - 20 V ) ; 扫描时间为 150 msec。
药动学数据处理: 采用 DAS 2.0分析软件对血药浓度数据进行分 析
测定结果: Beagle犬分别口服等剂量( 23mg )的参比制剂 (实施 例 6第一批托吡酯载药丸芯)和受试制剂 (实施例 6第一批托吡酯緩 释微丸)后, 不同时间点平均血药浓度(μ§/ιη1 ) 测定结果见 Fig.5, 主要药物动力学参数见表 11。
表 11: 主要药动学参数
Figure imgf000026_0001
Fig.5和表 11结果表明, 比格犬口服本发明提供的托吡酯緩释组 合物 (实施例 6第一批托吡酯緩释微丸, 含托吡酯 23mg ) 与速释的 托吡酯载药丸芯 (参比制剂, 实施例 6第一批托吡酯载药丸芯, 含托 吡酯 23mg )相比, Tmax均显著延长, Cmax显著降低, 更为重要 的是, 受试制剂的相对生物利用度是参比制剂的 92.87%。说明本发明 的托吡酯緩释组合物既能与参比制剂生物等效, 同时又具有显著的緩 释制剂特征, 大大降低了峰浓度, 延长了作用时间。
尽管本发明的具体实施方式已经得到详细的描述, 本领域技术人 员将会理解。 根据已经公开的所有教导, 可以对那些细节进行各种修 改和替换, 这些改变均在本发明的保护范围之内。 本发明的全部范围 由所附权利要求及其任何等同物给出。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1. 一种托吡酯緩释药物组合物, 其药物层不含有粘结剂。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物,其为托吡酯緩 释微丸, 所述托吡酯緩释微丸包括空白丸芯、 药物层、 以及緩释包衣 层。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物, 其中, 托 吡酯占组合物总重量的 10% - 50%; 优选为 15% - 45%, 更优选为 20% - 40%。
4. 根据权利要求 2所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物, 其中, 空白丸 芯的粒径是 150μιη - 1500μιη; 优选为 300μιη - ΙΟΟΟμιη; 更优选为 400μιη - 850μιη, 进一步优选为 610μιη - 750μιη。
5. 根据权利要求 2所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物, 其中, 緩释包 衣增重范围为 2% - 30%, 优选为 4% - 15%, 更优选为 5% - 10%。
6. 根据权利要求 2所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物, 其中, 緩释包 衣层包含緩释包衣材料, 其选自乙基纤维素、 Eudragit NE 30D、 Eudragit RS 30D, Eudragit RL30D中的任意一种或多种; 优选乙基 纤维素和 /或 Eudragit NE 30D; 更优选乙基纤维素。
7. 根据权利要求 2或 6所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物, 其中, 緩 释包衣层包含乙基纤维素和 PVPK30。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物, 其中, 乙基纤 维素和 PVPK30的用量比为 1: 0.20至 1: 0.45; 优选为 1: 0.25至 1: 0.40; 更优选为 1: 0.3至 1: 0.35。
9. 权利要求 1至 8中任一项所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物的制备 方法, 包括下述步骤:
a. 取药物层的成分对空白丸芯进行包衣上药, 得到载药小丸; b. 对载药小丸进行緩释包衣。
优选地, 包括下述步骤:
a. 取托吡酯及药物层其它辅料, 加入适量溶剂溶解, 对空白丸芯 进行包衣上药, 得到载药小丸;
b. 对载药小丸进行緩释包衣。
更优选地, 包括下述步骤:
a. 取托吡酯及药物层其他辅料, 加入适量溶剂溶解, 采用上述药 液对空白丸芯进行上药包衣, 得到载药小丸;
b. 将緩释包衣材料以及緩释包衣层其他辅料溶解于溶剂中,对载 药小丸进行緩释包衣。
进一步优选地, 包括下述步骤:
a. 取托吡酯及药物层其他辅料, 加入适量溶剂, 在搅拌状态下加 热溶解, 取空白丸芯置于流化床一步制粒包衣锅中, 将上述药液在搅 拌状态下进行上药包衣, 得到载药小丸;
b. 将緩释包衣材料以及緩释包衣层其他辅料溶解于溶剂中,在搅 拌状态下加热溶解, 搅句, 过 100目筛, 即得緩释包衣液;
c 取载药小丸, 在流化床中将緩释包衣溶液喷雾于载药小丸表 面, 得到托吡酯緩释微丸。
10. 权利要求 1 - 8中任一项所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物在制备 预防和 /或治疗和 /或辅助治疗偏头痛、 癫痫、 糖尿病、 神经功能障碍、 抑郁症、 精神病、 头痛或高血压的药物中的用途。
11. 一种预防和 /或治疗和 /或辅助治疗偏头痛、 癫痫、 糖尿病、 神 经功能障碍、 抑郁症、 精神病、 头痛或高血压的方法, 包括给予有效 量的权利要求 1 - 8中任一项所述的托吡酯緩释药物组合物的步骤。
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CN102579367B (zh) 2014-03-12
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US20150099003A1 (en) 2015-04-09
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