WO2013136861A1 - ヒートシール剤、それを用いた積層体及び太陽電池モジュール - Google Patents
ヒートシール剤、それを用いた積層体及び太陽電池モジュール Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013136861A1 WO2013136861A1 PCT/JP2013/051739 JP2013051739W WO2013136861A1 WO 2013136861 A1 WO2013136861 A1 WO 2013136861A1 JP 2013051739 W JP2013051739 W JP 2013051739W WO 2013136861 A1 WO2013136861 A1 WO 2013136861A1
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- resin
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- urethane resin
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
- C08G18/0819—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups
- C08G18/0823—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups containing anionic or anionogenic groups containing carboxylate salt groups or groups forming them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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- C08G18/48—Polyethers
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
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- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat sealant that can be used for bonding various members, particularly polar members and nonpolar members.
- a member used for manufacturing automobile parts, home appliances, photovoltaic power generation devices, etc. a member made of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin or polyolefin resin, which has been excellent in weather resistance and water resistance, and has excellent moldability and recyclability. Is widely used.
- the ethylene-vinyl acetate resin generally tends to deteriorate when exposed to heat or water (humidity), and is insufficient in terms of heat and moisture resistance. Therefore, usually, by combining a member made of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin with a glass or polyethylene terephthalate base material to form a composite member, the heat-moisture resistance at a level at which the deterioration can be suppressed has an ethylene-vinyl acetate resin base material. It is often granted to.
- a substrate made of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin or the like is generally a substrate having a low surface polarity, for example, an adhesive is used to bond the substrate made of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin to the glass or the like.
- an adhesive is used to bond the substrate made of ethylene-vinyl acetate resin to the glass or the like.
- the adhesive layer deteriorates due to the influence of heat or water, and the Sometimes caused peeling.
- the composition of the adhesive it is possible to produce an adhesive having excellent adhesion to nonpolar substrates such as the ethylene-vinyl acetate resin.
- the adhesive having excellent adhesion to the nonpolar substrate is not sufficient in terms of adhesion to the polar substrate such as the glass or polyethylene terephthalate substrate, the polar substrate and the adhesive layer In some cases, the adhesiveness of the film deteriorated and peeling occurred over time.
- an adhesive having excellent adhesion for example, an adhesive made of an aqueous dispersion containing an acid-modified polyolefin resin, a polyurethane resin, a fatty acid amide, and a terpene tackifier in a specific ratio in an aqueous medium is known. It is known that such an adhesive is excellent in adhesion to a thermoplastic resin substrate (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the adhesive does not have excellent adhesion to both the nonpolar substrate and the polar substrate, it peels over time at the interface between any substrate and the adhesive layer. There was a case.
- the adhesive since the adhesive is easily deteriorated by exposure to heat and water (humidity), the adhesive layer causes deterioration and peeling over time due to the influence of heat and water, and as a result, the base material itself In some cases, it may cause deterioration.
- the adhesive is usually applied to the surface of one of the substrates immediately before the bonding, and then the adhesive layer is completely formed.
- the other base material is laminated on the surface of the adhesive layer having a tacky feeling before being cured, and then bonded together by curing.
- this method requires the production of the composite member because it is necessary to perform an operation such as applying an adhesive or removing a solvent contained in the adhesive at a work site where the substrates are bonded together. In some cases, the efficiency was significantly reduced.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is that it has excellent adhesion to both polar substrates and non-polar substrates, and is affected by the influence of heat and water (humidity). It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat sealant capable of forming a heat seal layer having a level of moisture and heat resistance that does not cause a decrease in the heat resistance.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention has excellent adhesion to both the polar substrate and the nonpolar substrate, and is affected by the influence of heat and water (humidity).
- a heat seal layer having a moisture and heat resistance level that does not cause a decrease in adhesion can be formed, and the heat seal layer crosslinked by applying the heat seal agent on the surface of one substrate in advance and drying. After forming, the other base material is mounted on the heat seal layer and heated to provide a heat sealant capable of bonding the base materials.
- the present invention is a heat sealant containing a urethane resin (A), a polyolefin resin (B), a crosslinking agent (C) and an aqueous medium (D), wherein the urethane resin (A) has an isocyanate group. It is obtained by reacting a urethane resin having at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound having a primary amino group, a compound having a hydrazide group and hydrazine, and the crosslinking agent (C) is an alkyl.
- the present invention relates to a heat sealant characterized by having X].
- the heat seal agent of the present invention has excellent adhesion to not only ethylene-vinyl acetate resin and polyolefin resin widely used in the industry, but also to substrates made of polyethylene terephthalate, etc. It can be used for bonding substrates and polar substrates, and surface coating of these substrates.
- the heat sealant of the present invention can remarkably improve the production efficiency of a laminate (composite member) obtained by laminating various substrates, particularly a solar cell module.
- the heat sealing agent of the present invention is a heat sealing agent containing a urethane resin (A), a polyolefin resin (B), a crosslinking agent (C) and an aqueous medium (D), wherein the urethane resin (A) is an isocyanate.
- a urethane resin having a group with a compound having a primary amino group, a compound having a hydrazide group and at least one selected from the group consisting of hydrazine, and the crosslinking agent (C) Contains an alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) and an epoxy compound (c2), and any one or both of the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B) react with an epoxy group. It has the group [X].
- the alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) forms a crosslinked structure by a self-crosslinking reaction.
- a functional group such as a hydroxyl group is generated when the functional group [X] of the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B) reacts with the epoxy compound (c2), A hydroxyl group and the alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) react to form a crosslinked structure.
- an epoxy compound (c2) is used in combination with the alkylated methylolmelamine resin (c1) as the crosslinking agent (C).
- the epoxy compound (c2) reacts with the functional group [X] of either one or both of the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B) to form a crosslinked structure.
- the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B) used in combination with the cross-linking agent (C) among the cross-linking agents (C), a functional group that reacts particularly with the epoxy group of the epoxy compound (c2). Those having the group [X] are used.
- the functional group of the epoxy compound (c2) include hydrolyzable silyl groups such as alkoxysilyl groups or silanol groups, and epoxy groups.
- Examples of the functional group [X] include a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, and an amino group.
- the urethane resin and polyolefin resin which have hydrophilic groups, such as an anionic group and a cationic group, Is used the carboxyl group as the hydrophilic group or the carboxylate group formed by neutralizing it with a basic compound is converted into the functional group [X] during the crosslinking reaction. And can react with a part of the crosslinking agent (C).
- an anionic group such as a carboxylate group or a sulfonate group neutralized by a basic compound, which can function as a hydrophilic group described later, or an amino group neutralized by an acidic compound.
- Cationic groups such as groups can also be used.
- a carboxyl group or a carboxylate group is preferable.
- the urethane resin (A) preferably has an acid value of 5 to 70, and has an acid value of 5 to 50. It is more preferable to use a material having an acid value of 5 to 35 in order to further improve the adhesion to various substrates.
- the polyolefin resin (B) is preferably one having an acid value of 5 to 300, more preferably one having an acid value of 10 to 250.
- the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B) are preferably dispersed or dissolved independently in the aqueous medium (D), but a part of them binds to form resin particles.
- so-called core-shell type composite resin particles may be formed.
- the said urethane resin (A) and the said polyolefin resin (B) can form a resin particle each independently, and can disperse
- the resin particles preferably have an average particle diameter in the range of about 10 nm to 500 nm in order to improve the smoothness of the coating film to be formed.
- the average particle diameter here refers to the average particle diameter on a volume basis measured by a dynamic light scattering method.
- the mass ratio of the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B) [urethane resin (A) / polyolefin resin (B)] is preferably in the range of 9/1 to 2/8, and 8/2 Is more preferably in the range of ⁇ 3 / 7, and more preferably in the range of 8/2 to 5/5 in order to achieve both more excellent heat and moisture resistance and excellent adhesion to various substrates. .
- the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B) may be contained in a range of 5% by mass to 70% by mass with respect to the total amount of the heat sealant of the present invention. It is preferable for maintaining stability and coating workability.
- the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B) may have a hydrophilic group from the viewpoint of imparting good dispersion stability in the aqueous medium (D).
- a hydrophilic group for example, an anionic group, a cationic group, and a polyoxyethylene structure as a nonionic group can be used, and it is more preferable to use an anionic group.
- anionic group for example, a carboxyl group, a carboxylate group, a sulfonic acid group, a sulfonate group, and the like can be used.
- a carboxylate group formed by neutralizing a part or all with a basic compound Use of a sulfonate group is preferable in producing a urethane resin (A) and a polyolefin resin (B) having good water dispersibility.
- a tertiary amino group for example, a tertiary amino group, or a functional group obtained by neutralizing it with an acidic compound or a quaternizing agent can be used.
- nonionic group examples include polyoxyalkylene groups such as polyoxyethylene group, polyoxypropylene group, polyoxybutylene group, poly (oxyethylene-oxypropylene) group, and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene group. Can be used.
- the urethane resin (A) has the functional group [X], and obtains a heat sealant that can form a heat seal layer that has both excellent heat and moisture resistance and excellent adhesion to various substrates. Used above.
- the urethane resin (A) at least one selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate group possessed by a urethane resin, a compound having a primary amino group, a compound having a hydrazide group and hydrazine, a primary amino group And those having a urea bond formed by a reaction with a nitrogen atom of hydrazine.
- the adhesiveness with respect to various base materials can be improved markedly.
- it exhibits excellent adhesion at each stage with respect to the surface of a substrate such as a polar substrate (E) subjected to corona treatment.
- the urea bond is preferably present in the range of 50 mmol / kg to 2,000 mmol / kg with respect to the entire urethane resin (A) in order to further improve the adhesion to the substrate.
- the urethane resin (A) in forming a heat seal layer having excellent adhesion and durability to the polar substrate (E) and the nonpolar substrate (F), 5,000 to 200, Those having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 000 are preferably used, and more preferably in the range of 50,000 to 20,000.
- urethane resin (A) examples include a urethane resin having an isocyanate group obtained by reacting a polyol (a1) and a polyisocyanate (a2), a compound having a primary amino group, and a compound having a hydrazide group. And what was manufactured by making it react with at least 1 sort (s) chosen from the group which consists of hydrazine can be used.
- polyester polyol for example, polyester polyol, polycarbonate polyol, polyether polyol, polyolefin polyol and the like can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a polyether polyol because the adhesion to the nonpolar substrate (F) can be further improved.
- polyether polyol that can be used for the polyol (a1), for example, one obtained by addition polymerization of alkylene oxide using one or more compounds having two or more active hydrogen atoms as an initiator is used. Can do.
- the initiator examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, bisphenol A, glycerin, and triglyceride. Methylolethane, trimethylolpropane and the like can be used.
- alkylene oxide examples include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide, epichlorohydrin, and tetrahydrofuran.
- polyether polyol that can be used for the polyol (a1) specifically, polyoxytetramethylene glycol formed by ring opening of tetrahydrofuran is preferably used.
- polyether polyol it is preferable to use a polyether polyol having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 3,000 in order to further improve the adhesion to the polar substrate (E) and the nonpolar substrate (F).
- the polyether polyol is preferably used in the range of 50% by mass to 99.7% by mass with respect to the entire polyol (a1) used when the urethane resin (A) is produced. It is more preferable to use in the range of mass%.
- polyester polyols that can be used for the polyol (a1) include those obtained by esterifying low molecular weight polyols and polycarboxylic acids, and ring-opening polymerization reactions of cyclic ester compounds such as ⁇ -caprolactone. Polyesters obtained by the above, copolymerized polyesters thereof, and the like can be used.
- Examples of the low molecular weight polyol include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, and 1,3-butanediol having a molecular weight of about 50 to 300.
- a polyol having an aliphatic structure such as cyclohexanedimethanol, a bisphenol compound such as bisphenol A and bisphenol F, and a polyol having an aromatic structure such as an alkylene oxide adduct thereof. Can do.
- polycarboxylic acid examples include aliphatic polycarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and dodecanedicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, and naphthalene dicarboxylic acid.
- Aromatic polycarboxylic acids such as acids, and anhydrides or esterified products thereof can be used.
- the polyester polyol preferably has a number average molecular weight in the range of 200 to 5,000.
- polycarbonate polyol that can be used for the polyol (a1), for example, those obtained by reacting a carbonate with polyol and those obtained by reacting phosgene with bisphenol A can be used.
- carbonate ester methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, cyclocarbonate, diphenyl carbonate and the like can be used.
- polyol that reacts with the carbonate ester examples include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and 3-methyl-1,5- Relatively low molecular weight diols such as pentanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol and the like having a molecular weight of 50 to 2,000, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyhexamethylene adipate, etc. Can be used.
- polycarbonate polyol use of a polyol having a number average molecular weight in the range of 500 to 4,000 allows the nonpolar substrate (eg, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, polypropylene) to be used without impairing excellent heat and heat resistance. It is preferable for providing adhesion to F).
- nonpolar substrate eg, ethylene-vinyl acetate resin, polypropylene
- polystyrene polyol for example, polyethylene polyol, polypropylene polyol, polyisobutene polyol, hydrogenated (hydrogenated) polybutadiene polyol, and hydrogenated (hydrogenated) polyisoprene polyol are used. Can do.
- a polyol having a hydrophilic group can be used in combination with the above-described one.
- polyol having a hydrophilic group for example, a polyol having an anionic group other than the above-described polyol, a polyol having a cationic group, and a polyol having a nonionic group can be used.
- a polyol having an anionic group or a polyol having a cationic group it is preferable to use a polyol having an anionic group.
- polyol having an anionic group for example, a polyol having a carboxyl group or a polyol having a sulfonic acid group can be used.
- polyol having a carboxyl group for example, 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid, 2,2-dimethylolbutanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylolvaleric acid and the like can be used. Preference is given to using methylolpropionic acid.
- polyester polyol which has a carboxyl group obtained by making the polyol which has the said carboxyl group react with various polycarboxylic acids can also be used.
- polyol having a sulfonic acid group examples include dicarboxylic acids such as 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, sulfoterephthalic acid, 4-sulfophthalic acid, and 5 [4-sulfophenoxy] isophthalic acid, and salts thereof, and the aromatic structure.
- dicarboxylic acids such as 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, sulfoterephthalic acid, 4-sulfophthalic acid, and 5 [4-sulfophenoxy] isophthalic acid, and salts thereof, and the aromatic structure.
- the polyol having a carboxyl group or the polyol having a sulfonic acid group is preferably used in the range where the acid value of the urethane resin (A) is from 10 to 70, more preferably from 10 to 50. It is preferable to use in the range of 10 to 35.
- the acid value said by this invention is the theoretical value computed based on the usage-amount of the compound which has acid groups, such as the polyol which has a carboxyl group used for manufacture of the said urethane resin (A).
- the anionic group is preferably partially or completely neutralized with a basic compound in order to exhibit good water dispersibility.
- Examples of the basic compound include organic amines having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher, such as ammonia, triethylamine, morpholine, monoethanolamine, and diethylethanolamine, and metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and lithium hydroxide. Can be used.
- polyol having a cationic group for example, a polyol having a tertiary amino group can be used. Specifically, N-methyl-diethanolamine, a compound having two epoxies in one molecule and a secondary compound can be used. A polyol obtained by reacting with an amine can be used.
- the cationic group is preferably partially or completely neutralized with an acidic compound such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid or adipic acid.
- an acidic compound such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid or adipic acid.
- the tertiary amino group as the cationic group is preferably partly or entirely quaternized.
- the quaternizing agent for example, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride and the like can be used, and dimethyl sulfate is preferably used.
- polyol having a nonionic group a polyol having a polyoxyethylene structure or the like can be used.
- the polyol having a hydrophilic group is preferably used in the range of 0.3% by mass to 10% by mass with respect to the total amount of the polyol (a1) used in the production of the urethane resin (A).
- polyol (a1) in addition to the above-described polyol, other polyols can be used as necessary.
- Examples of the other polyol include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, Polyol having a relatively low molecular weight such as 1,4-cyclohexanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, etc. can be used.
- neopentyl glycol or the like is preferably used in order to further improve the adhesion of the heat sealant to various substrates.
- polyisocyanate (a2) that reacts with the polyol (a1) examples include 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, carbodiimide-modified diphenylmethane diisocyanate, crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate, phenylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, and naphthalene.
- Aromatic polyisocyanates such as diisocyanates, aliphatic polyisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, cycloaliphatic diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, and aliphatic cyclic structures such as isophorone diisocyanate.
- Polyisocyanate It can be used.
- the urethane resin (A) is, for example, produced a urethane resin having an isocyanate group by reacting the polyol (a1) with the polyisocyanate (a2) in the absence of a solvent or in the presence of an organic solvent,
- a hydrophilic group in the urethane resin when neutralizing a part or all of the hydrophilic group as necessary, in the aqueous medium (D), It can be produced by mixing with at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound having a primary amino group, a compound having a hydrazide group and hydrazine, and reacting with an isocyanate group possessed by the urethane resin.
- the equivalent ratio of the isocyanate group of the polyisocyanate (a2) to the hydroxyl group of the polyol (a1) is 0.8 to 2.5.
- it is carried out in the range of 0.9 to 1.5.
- Examples of the organic solvent that can be used for producing the urethane resin (A) include ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; acetate esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate; nitriles such as acetonitrile.
- ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone
- ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane
- acetate esters such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate
- nitriles such as acetonitrile.
- Amides such as dimethylformamide and N-methylpyrrolidone can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of a compound having a primary amino group, a compound having a hydrazide group and a hydrazine used in producing the urethane resin (A) used in the present invention is excellent for various substrates. Used to give high adhesion. Of these, the use of hydrazine is preferable for further improving the heat and moisture resistance.
- hydrazine hydrazine hydrate, which is a hydrate of hydrazine, may be used.
- the compound having a primary amino group ethanolamine or the like can be used.
- dicarboxylic acid dihydrazide for example, dicarboxylic acid dihydrazide, carbohydrazide, 1,3-bis (hydrazinocarbonoethyl) -5-isopropylhydantoin can be used, and dicarboxylic acid dihydrazide or carbohydrazide is used. It is preferable to do.
- dicarboxylic acid dihydrazide for example, one or two or more of malonic acid dihydrazide, succinic acid dihydrazide, adipic acid dihydrazide, glutaric acid dihydrazide, sebacic acid dihydrazide, isophthalic acid dihydrazide; ⁇ -semicarbazide propionic acid hydrazide are used. be able to. Among them, it is preferable to use adipic acid dihydrazide for imparting excellent adhesion.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of the compound having a primary amino group, the compound having a hydrazide group, and hydrazine includes the total amount of nitrogen atoms possessed by the primary amino group, hydrazide group and hydrazine contained in the polyol ( It is preferable that the equivalent ratio with the isocyanate group of the urethane resin obtained by reacting a1) and polyisocyanate (a2) is 1 or less (equivalent ratio), 0.3 to 1 (equivalent The ratio is more preferably used in the range of
- aqueous formation of the urethane resin (A) produced by the above method can be performed, for example, by the following method.
- Method 1 After neutralizing or quaternizing some or all of the hydrophilic groups of the urethane resin obtained by reacting the polyol (a1) and the polyisocyanate (a2), water is added to disperse the water. Thereafter, the urethane resin (A) is dispersed in water by chain extension using at least one selected from the group consisting of the compound having a primary amino group, the compound having a hydrazide group, and hydrazine.
- Method 2 At least 1 selected from the group consisting of a urethane resin obtained by reacting polyol (a1) and polyisocyanate (a2), the compound having a primary amino group, the compound having a hydrazide group, and hydrazine.
- the seeds are charged in a reaction vessel in a batch or divided, and the urethane resin (A) is produced by chain extension reaction, and then some or all of the hydrophilic groups in the obtained urethane resin (A) are contained in the reactor.
- an emulsifier may be used as necessary.
- a machine such as a homogenizer may be used as necessary.
- emulsifier examples include nonionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitol tetraoleate, and polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene copolymer.
- nonionic emulsifiers such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitol tetraoleate, and polyoxyethylene / polyoxypropylene copolymer.
- Fatty acid salts such as sodium oleate, alkyl sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, naphthalene sulfonates, polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfates, alkane sulfonate sodium salts, sodium alkyl diphenyl ether sulfonates, etc.
- Anionic emulsifiers; cationic amines such as alkylamine salts, alkyltrimethylammonium salts, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium salts It is below.
- an anionic or nonionic emulsifier it is basically preferable to use an anionic or nonionic emulsifier.
- the urethane resin (A) aqueous dispersion in which the urethane resin (A) obtained by the above method is dispersed in the aqueous medium (D) is 10 masses of the urethane resin (A) with respect to the total amount of the aqueous dispersion.
- the heat-sealing agent having both excellent heat and moisture resistance and excellent adhesion to various substrates. It is preferable in preparing.
- the urethane resin (A) aqueous dispersion may be a mixture of two or more urethane resins having different compositions. Specifically, two or more urethane resins having different compositions of the polyol (a1) used for the production of the urethane resin can be used in combination.
- polystyrene resin (B) used in the present invention examples include homopolymers and copolymers such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 1-octene and 1-nonene. And those having a functional group [X] can be used.
- Specific examples of the polyolefin resin (B) include polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutadiene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, natural rubber, synthetic isopropylene rubber, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. What has the functional group [X] which reacts with the epoxy group and isocyanate group which C) has can be used.
- the polyolefin resin (B) is a copolymer, it may be a random copolymer or a block copolymer.
- Examples of the functional group [X] possessed by the polyolefin resin (B) include a carboxyl group, as in the functional group [X] possessed by the urethane resin (A).
- the functional group [X] may be the same functional group as the hydrophilic group of the polyolefin resin (B). Specifically, when a carboxyl group or a carboxylate group which is an anionic group is used as the hydrophilic group, the carboxyl group or the like may act as the functional group [X] during the crosslinking reaction.
- the polyolefin resin (B) having a carboxyl group as the functional group [X] is obtained by reacting the polyolefin resin with an unsaturated carboxylic acid, or obtained by reacting the polyolefin resin with a vinyl monomer. It is preferable to use so-called modified polyolefin resins such as those obtained and chlorinated.
- the polyolefin resin having a carboxyl group as the functional group [X] can be produced, for example, by reacting a polyolefin resin with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid such as (anhydrous) maleic acid.
- Examples of the unsaturated dicarboxylic acid include maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, and anhydrides thereof, and unsaturated dicarboxylic acid esters (butyl maleate, dibutyl maleate, butyl itaconate, etc.) One or more of these can be used. Of these, maleic anhydride is preferred.
- the polyolefin resin (B) modified with the unsaturated carboxylic acid has an acid value in the range of 5 to 250, and the cured resin layer (heat seal layer) due to the influence of heat and water (humidity) It is preferable for preventing deterioration and preventing a decrease in adhesion to various substrates.
- the modification of the polyolefin resin can be performed, for example, by reacting the polyolefin resin as described above with an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid such as maleic acid or the like.
- polyolefin resin (B) in order to prevent the deterioration of the cured resin layer (heat seal layer) by the influence of heat or water (humidity), and to prevent a decrease in adhesion to various substrates, 20,000 It is preferable to use those having a weight average molecular weight of ⁇ 500,000. In addition, the said weight average molecular weight points out the value measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the crosslinking agent (C) used in the present invention will be described.
- the alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) and the crosslinking agent (C1) are used as the crosslinking agent (C) for the purpose of obtaining a heat sealant that has both excellent heat and moisture resistance and excellent adhesion to various substrates.
- a combination with the epoxy compound (c2) is used.
- alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) for example, a product obtained by reacting a methylolated melamine resin with a lower alcohol (alcohol having 1 to 6 carbon atoms) such as methyl alcohol or butyl alcohol is used. Can do. Specifically, an alkylated methylol melamine resin having an imino group, an alkylated methylol melamine resin having an amino group, or the like can be used.
- methylolated melamine resin examples include a methylol type melamine resin having an amino group obtained by condensing melamine and formaldehyde, a methylol type melamine resin having an imino group, a trimethoxymethylol type melamine resin, a hexamethoxymethylol type melamine resin, and the like. It is preferable to use trimethoxymethylol type melamine resin and hexamethoxymethylol type melamine resin.
- epoxy compound (c2) those having 2 to 5 epoxy groups, more preferably 3 to 4 epoxy groups can be used.
- Examples of the epoxy compound (c2) include bisphenol A epichlorohydrin type epoxy resin, ethylene glycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, glycerin triglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol glycidyl ether, and trimethylolpropane.
- the epoxy compound (c2) preferably has an epoxy equivalent of 100 to 300 for imparting durability, and specifically comprises trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether and glycerin triglycidyl ether. It is more preferable to use one or more selected from the group.
- epoxy compound (c2) an epoxy compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group can also be used.
- Examples of the epoxy compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group include 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and 3-glycidoxy.
- Propylmethyldimethoxysilane, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, 2- (3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltriethoxysilane, and the like can be used.
- the alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) is preferably used in the range of 3% by mass to 50% by mass with respect to the total mass of the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B). It is more preferable to use in the range of 30% by mass.
- the heat seal layer is not deteriorated and the adhesive force is not deteriorated regardless of the influence of heat or water (humidity), and more excellent moisture and heat resistance, and more excellent adhesion to various substrates, It is possible to achieve both.
- the alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) may be used in an amount of 10 to 30% by mass based on the total mass of the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B). It is preferable for achieving both excellent heat and moisture resistance and excellent adhesion to various substrates.
- the said epoxy compound (c2) is with respect to the total amount (mole number) of the said functional group [X] which the said urethane resin (A) and the said polyolefin resin (B) have.
- the ratio of the amount of epoxy group substance (number of moles) possessed by the epoxy compound (c2) [substance quantity of epoxy group (number of moles) / total amount of substance of functional group [X] (number of moles)] is 5/1 to 1 It is preferable to use in the range which becomes / 5.
- the use ratio [the amount of the epoxy group substance / the total amount of the functional group [X]] is preferably in the range of 2/1 to 1/5. It is preferable in order to achieve both good adhesion.
- alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) and the epoxy compound (c2) have a mass ratio [the alkylated methylol described above, in order to achieve both excellent heat and heat resistance and excellent adhesion to various substrates.
- Melamine resin (c1) / epoxy compound (c2)] is preferably used in the range of 7/1 to 1/4, and more preferably in the range of 5/1 to 1/4.
- cross-linking agent (C) in addition to the alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) and the epoxy compound (c2), other cross-linking agents may be used in combination as necessary.
- Isocyanate compounds such as uretrates and burette type compounds can be used.
- aqueous medium (D) used in the present invention examples include water, an organic solvent miscible with water, and a mixture thereof.
- the organic solvent miscible with water include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and isopropanol; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; polyalkylene glycols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and propylene glycol; alkyl ethers of polyalkylene glycols And lactams such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
- only water may be used, a mixture of water and an organic solvent miscible with water may be used, or only an organic solvent miscible with water may be used.
- water alone or a mixture of water and an organic solvent miscible with water is preferable, and only water is particularly preferable.
- the aqueous medium (D) is preferably contained in the range of 10% by mass to 90% by mass and more preferably in the range of 30% by mass to 85% by mass with respect to the total amount of the heat sealant of the present invention. It is preferable to achieve both improvement in coating workability of the heat sealant of the present invention and adhesion and heat and humidity resistance.
- the heat sealing agent of the present invention is, for example, an aqueous dispersion of the urethane resin (A) obtained by the above method, an aqueous dispersion of the polyolefin resin (B), and the crosslinking agent (C), all at once or divided. And can be manufactured by mixing.
- the cross-linking agent (C) the alkylated methylol melamine resin (c1) and the epoxy compound (c2) may be preliminarily mixed, and these are separately separated into an aqueous dispersion of the urethane resin (A) or the polyolefin. You may supply and mix to the aqueous dispersion of resin (B).
- the heat sealing agent of the present invention obtained by the above method may contain other additives as required in addition to the above-described components.
- the additive examples include an antioxidant, a light-resistant agent, a plasticizer, a film-forming aid, a leveling agent, a foaming agent, a thickener, a colorant, a flame retardant, other aqueous resins, and various fillers. It can be used within a range that does not impair the effect.
- a surfactant can be used from the viewpoint of further improving the dispersion stability of the heat sealant of the present invention.
- the surfactant since the surfactant may reduce the adhesion and water resistance of the resulting coating, it is 20 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B). It is preferable to use within a range, and it is preferable not to use as much as possible.
- the heat sealant of the present invention can form a heat seal layer having excellent adhesion to a substrate and excellent heat and moisture resistance.
- the heat sealing agent of the present invention has excellent adhesion to both the polar substrate (E) and the nonpolar substrate (F), the polar substrate (E) and the nonpolar substrate. (F) It can use suitably for the heat seal agent for adhesion
- a nonpolar base material composed of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, glass, etc. constituting the opposite surface of the light receiving surface constituting the solar cell module, and polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyamide, etc.
- a nonpolar base material composed of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, glass, etc. constituting the opposite surface of the light receiving surface constituting the solar cell module, and a nonpolar base material composed of a polypropylene resin ( It can also be suitably used as a heat sealant for adhesion to the backsheet layer).
- Examples of the substrate on which the heat seal layer can be formed include various plastics and films thereof, metal, glass, paper, and wood.
- Examples of the polar substrate include a polyethylene terephthalate substrate, a polycarbonate substrate, and a polyamide substrate.
- Examples of the nonpolar substrate include substrates composed of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, polyvinyl fluoride resin, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyvinyl butyral, glass and the like.
- the surface of the substrate may be subjected to surface treatment in advance, and specifically, corona treatment is preferably performed.
- the heat sealing agent of the present invention can form a resin layer that is crosslinked to some extent by applying to the surface of the substrate and drying. Since the surface of the resin layer has almost no tackiness before heating, it is possible to store the member in which the resin layer is previously provided on the surface of the base material in a stacked state. Next, when another substrate is placed on the surface of the resin layer and heated, the resin layer melts and the hydroxyl group generated by the crosslinking reaction is hydrolyzable of the epoxy compound (c2). By reacting with a silyl group or the like, a heat seal layer exhibiting an adhesive force capable of firmly bonding both substrates is formed. Since the heat seal layer formed after the crosslinking reaction is also excellent in heat and moisture resistance, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the heat seal layer due to the influence of heat and water (humidity).
- Examples of the method for applying the heat sealant of the present invention to the substrate surface include a spray method, a curtain coater method, a flow coater method, a roll coater method, a brush coating method, and a dipping method.
- the heat sealant when applied to the surface of a plastic substrate such as a polyethylene terephthalate film, the surface of the plastic substrate during the process of biaxially stretching the plastic substrate at about 200 ° C. It is possible to adopt an in-line coating method in which a heat seal layer is formed by applying and drying the heat seal agent, followed by further crosslinking reaction.
- the plastic substrate obtained by biaxial stretching is once wound on a roll or the like, and then the It is also possible to adopt an off-line coating method in which a plastic substrate is drawn from a roll and the heat sealant is applied to the surface.
- drying or the like is preferably performed at a temperature of approximately 150 ° C. or lower so as not to impair the dimensional stability of the plastic substrate.
- a heat seal layer formed by crosslinking and curing of the heat sealant on the substrate surface can be formed.
- the resin layer is provided on the surface of the base material by applying the heat sealant of the present invention on the surface of the base material by the above-described method, drying, etc., By placing the substrates and then heating at approximately 100 ° C. to 160 ° C. under reduced pressure or increased pressure, the bonded laminate can be obtained.
- the laminate Since the laminate is excellent in heat and moisture resistance, it can be used for various applications including, for example, a solar cell module constituting a solar power generation device and an automobile interior material.
- the solar cell module is generally made of polyethylene terephthalate for the purpose of preventing deterioration of the surface made of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or the like constituting the surface opposite to the surface receiving sunlight. In many cases, it has a laminated structure provided with a backsheet layer made of polypropylene resin or the like.
- the heat sealing agent of this invention can be used conveniently for those bonding. Specifically, as the solar cell module, a heat seal layer formed by using the heat seal agent is formed on a surface made of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer that constitutes a surface opposite to the light receiving surface of the solar cell module.
- a laminate has a structure in which a layer made of a polyethylene terephthalate base material, a polypropylene base material, a polycarbonate base material, or a polyamide base material is stacked on the surface of the heat seal layer.
- Examples of the method for producing the solar cell module include the following methods. First, a laminated sheet having a heat sheet layer formed by applying the heat sealant on the surface of a polyethylene terephthalate substrate, a polypropylene substrate, a polycarbonate substrate or a polyamide substrate in advance and heating it is produced. Next, the polyethylene sheet is placed on the surface made of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer that constitutes the opposite surface of the light receiving surface of the solar cell module so that the heat seal layer of the laminated sheet is in contact therewith, and is heated. A terephthalate substrate or the like is bonded to the surface made of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Thereby, a solar cell module can be manufactured.
- the solar cell module obtained by such a method is excellent in durability such as moisture and heat resistance even when used outdoors for a long period of time.
- the methyl ethyl ketone solution of the urethane prepolymer which has an isocyanate group at the terminal (The mass ratio (isocyanate group content) of isocyanate group with respect to the said urethane prepolymer; 2.1 mass%)) was obtained.
- the carboxyl group in the urethane prepolymer was neutralized by adding 69.3 parts by mass of triethylamine to a solution obtained by cooling the methyl ethyl ketone solution of the urethane prepolymer obtained by the above method to 40 ° C.
- composition (I) 3079.2 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water was added, and 20.97 parts by mass of 80% by mass of hydrazine hydrate (hydrazine monohydrate, 80% by mass of hydrazine based on the whole) was added and reacted. After completion of the reaction, methyl ethyl ketone was distilled off under reduced pressure, and ion-exchanged water was added so that the non-volatile content was 35% by mass to obtain composition (I).
- the methyl ethyl ketone solution of the urethane prepolymer which has an isocyanate group at the terminal was obtained.
- 69.3 parts by mass of triethylamine was added to a solution obtained by cooling the methyl ethyl ketone solution of the urethane prepolymer obtained by the above method to 40 ° C., to neutralize the carboxyl group in the urethane prepolymer.
- 3130.9 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water was added, and 116.7 parts by mass of adipic acid dihydrazide was added and reacted.
- methyl ethyl ketone was distilled off under reduced pressure, and ion-exchanged water was added so that the nonvolatile content thereof was 35% by mass to obtain a composition (II).
- the methyl ethyl ketone solution of the urethane prepolymer which has an isocyanate group at the terminal was obtained.
- 69.3 parts by mass of triethylamine was added to a solution obtained by cooling the methyl ethyl ketone solution of the urethane prepolymer obtained by the above method to 40 ° C., to neutralize the carboxyl group in the urethane prepolymer.
- composition (III) 3149.2 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water was added, and 93.2 parts by mass of 80% by mass of hydrazine hydrated (hydrazine monohydrate, 80% by mass of hydrazine based on the whole) was added and reacted. After completion of the reaction, methyl ethyl ketone was distilled off under reduced pressure, and ion-exchanged water was added so that the non-volatile content was 35% by mass to obtain a composition (III).
- a methyl ethyl ketone solution of a urethane prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the terminal isocyanate group content; 2.1 mass%).
- the urethane prepolymer methylethylketone solution obtained by the above method 13.6 parts by mass of ethanolamine, and 189 parts by mass of methylethylketone are mixed and reacted to form a urethane resin having a primary amino group at the terminal.
- a methyl ethyl ketone solution was obtained.
- the methyl ethyl ketone solution of the urethane prepolymer (isocyanate group content; 2.1 mass%) which has an isocyanate group in a molecular terminal was obtained.
- 69.3 parts by mass of triethylamine was added to a solution obtained by cooling the methyl ethyl ketone solution of the urethane prepolymer obtained by the above method to 40 ° C., to neutralize the carboxyl group in the urethane prepolymer.
- 312.6 parts by mass of ion-exchanged water was added, and 60.3 parts by mass of carbohydrazide was added and reacted.
- methyl ethyl ketone was distilled off under reduced pressure, and ion-exchanged water was added so that the non-volatile content was 35% by mass to obtain a composition (VI).
- Example 1 100 parts by mass of the composition (I) obtained in Preparation Example 1 and 78 parts by mass of the composition (V) obtained in Preparation Example 5 were mixed. Next, 5 parts by weight of Becamine M-3 (manufactured by DIC Corporation, trimethoxymethylol type melamine resin, non-volatile content 80% by mass) and Denacol EX-321 (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, non-volatile content 100 parts by mass) and 4 parts by mass were added, stirred, and water was added to obtain a heat sealant (X-1) comprising an aqueous resin composition (X-1) having a nonvolatile content of 20% by mass.
- Becamine M-3 manufactured by DIC Corporation, trimethoxymethylol type melamine resin, non-volatile content 80% by mass
- Denacol EX-321 manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, trimethylo
- Example 2 An aqueous resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of the composition (II) obtained in Preparation Example 2 was used instead of 100 parts by mass of the composition (I) obtained in Preparation Example 1. A heat sealant (X-2) comprising the product (X-2) was obtained.
- Example 3 An aqueous resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of the composition (III) obtained in Preparation Example 3 was used instead of 100 parts by mass of the composition (I) obtained in Preparation Example 1. A heat sealant (X-3) comprising the product (X-3) was obtained.
- Example 4 An aqueous resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of the composition (IV) obtained in Preparation Example 4 was used instead of 100 parts by mass of the composition (I) obtained in Preparation Example 1. A heat sealant (X-4) comprising the product (X-4) was obtained.
- Example 5 Except for changing the amount of Becamine M-3 (trimethoxymethylol type melamine resin manufactured by DIC Corporation, non-volatile content 80% by mass) from 5 parts by mass to 23 parts by mass, the same method as in Example 1 was used. A heat sealant (X-5) comprising the aqueous resin composition (X-5) was obtained.
- Becamine M-3 trimethoxymethylol type melamine resin manufactured by DIC Corporation, non-volatile content 80% by mass
- Example 6 The same method as in Example 1 except that the amount of Denacol EX-321 (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, non-volatile content: 100% by mass) was changed from 4 parts by mass to 42 parts by mass Thus, a heat sealant (X-6) comprising the aqueous resin composition (X-6) was obtained.
- Denacol EX-321 manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, non-volatile content: 100% by mass
- Example 7 The same method as in Example 1 except that the amount of Denacol EX-321 (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, non-volatile content: 100% by mass) was changed from 4 parts by mass to 1 part by mass To obtain a heat sealant (X-7) comprising the aqueous resin composition (X-7).
- Example 8 The amount of the composition (V) described in Preparation Example 5 was changed from 78 parts by mass to 175 parts by mass, and Beccamin M-3 (a trimethoxymethylol melamine resin manufactured by DIC Corporation, nonvolatile content 80% by mass) was used. The usage amount was changed from 5 parts by mass to 7 parts by mass, and the usage amount of Denacol EX-321 (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, nonvolatile content 100% by mass) was changed from 4 parts by mass.
- a heat sealant (X-8) comprising the aqueous resin composition (X-8) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount was changed to 8 parts by mass.
- Example 9 instead of Becamine M-3 (DIC Corporation, trimethoxymethylol type melamine resin, non-volatile content 80% by mass), Becamine J-101 (DIC Corporation, hexamethoxymethylol type melamine resin, non-volatile content 80% by mass)
- a heat sealant (X-9) composed of the aqueous resin composition (X-9) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 5 parts by mass of was used.
- Example 10 An aqueous resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100 parts by mass of the composition (VI) obtained in Preparation Example 6 was used instead of 100 parts by mass of the composition (I) obtained in Preparation Example 1. Heat sealant (X-10) comprising product (X-10) was obtained.
- Comparative Example 4 100 parts by mass of the composition (I) obtained in Preparation Example 1, 3 parts by mass of Becamine M-3 (a trimethoxymethylol-type melamine resin manufactured by DIC Corporation, non-volatile content 80% by mass), and Denacol EX-321 ( By adding 0.2 parts by mass of Nagase ChemteX Corporation, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, nonvolatile content 100% by mass), stirring, and adding water, an aqueous resin composition (X A heat sealant (X′-4) comprising “-4) was obtained.
- Becamine M-3 a trimethoxymethylol-type melamine resin manufactured by DIC Corporation, non-volatile content 80% by mass
- Denacol EX-321 By adding 0.2 parts by mass of Nagase ChemteX Corporation, trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, nonvolatile content 100% by mass), stirring, and adding water, an aqueous resin composition (
- Comparative Example 5 100 parts by mass of the composition (V) obtained in Preparation Example 5, 2 parts by mass of Becamine M-3 (a trimethoxymethylol-type melamine resin manufactured by DIC Corporation, nonvolatile content of 80% by mass), and Denacol EX-321 ( 4 parts by mass of Nagase ChemteX Co., Ltd., trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether (non-volatile content: 100% by mass) was added, stirred, and added with water to add an aqueous resin composition (X′- A heat sealant (X′-5) comprising 5) was obtained.
- Becamine M-3 a trimethoxymethylol-type melamine resin manufactured by DIC Corporation, nonvolatile content of 80% by mass
- Denacol EX-321 4 parts by mass of Nagase ChemteX Co., Ltd., trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether (non-volatile content: 100% by mass
- a laminate was obtained in which a film made of polyethylene terephthalate and a film made of ethylene-vinyl acetate were bonded together via the cured resin layer (heat seal layer).
- Adhesion test method The adhesion of the laminate immediately after being manufactured by the above method was evaluated by a T-type peel test method (1000 N cell) using a tensile tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The adhesion was evaluated based on the adhesion between the heat seal layer and the ethylene-vinyl acetate film.
- the peel strength measured by the above method was approximately 30 N / cm or more, the adhesion was evaluated as excellent, and when the peel strength was 35 N / cm or more, the adhesion was evaluated as particularly excellent.
- the peel strength measured by the above method was approximately 25 N / cm or more, the adhesion was evaluated as excellent, and when the peel strength was 35 N / cm or more, the adhesion was evaluated as particularly excellent.
- the ratio (retention ratio) of the peel strength of the laminate after the wet heat resistance test to the peel strength of the laminate immediately after the production is 50% or more is excellent in the wet heat resistance, and 75%
- the above was evaluated as being particularly excellent in heat and humidity resistance.
- “Content of alkylated methylol melamine resin [% by mass]” in the table represents a mass ratio of the alkylated methylol melamine resin to the total mass of the urethane resin (A) and the polyolefin resin (B).
- the [epoxy group substance amount / functional group [X] total substance amount] is determined by the epoxy group substance amount (mol) of the epoxy compound (c2), the urethane resin (A), and the polyolefin resin (B).
- the ratio of the total amount of the functional group [X] is represented.
- “M-3” in the table represents Becamine M-3 (trimethoxymethylol type melamine resin, non-volatile content 80% by mass) manufactured by DIC Corporation.
- EX-321 in the table represents Denacol EX-321 (trimethylolpropane polyglycidyl ether, nonvolatile content: 100% by mass) manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation.
- Amnate-210 in the table represents Aquanate 210 (water dispersible polyisocyanate crosslinking agent, nonvolatile content: 100% by mass) manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.
- WSA-950 Watersol WSA-950 (an epoxy compound having a hydrolyzable silyl group, nonvolatile content: 100% by mass) manufactured by DIC Corporation.
- CS-7 in the table represents Hydran Assistor CS-7 (water dispersible carbodiimide compound, nonvolatile content 40% by mass) manufactured by DIC Corporation.
- the heat sealant described in Example 1 obtained using the hydrazine was provided with excellent adhesion and heat-and-moisture resistance.
- the heat sealing agent of Example 2 and 10 obtained using the said adipic acid dihydrazide or carbohydrazide was provided with the outstanding adhesiveness and favorable heat-and-moisture resistance.
- the heat sealant described in Example 3 in which the hydrazine was used excessively also had excellent adhesion and good moisture heat resistance to some extent.
- the heat-sealing agent obtained using ethanolamine was provided with favorable adhesiveness and heat-and-moisture resistance.
- the heat sealants described in Examples 5 to 7 and 9 in which the use ratio and type of the alkylated methylol melamine resin and the epoxy compound were changed had excellent adhesion and good heat and humidity resistance.
- the heat seal agent obtained in Example 9 in which the mass ratio of the urethane resin and the polyolefin resin was changed was provided with excellent adhesion and heat and moisture resistance.
- the heat sealant described in Comparative Example 1 obtained without using a crosslinking agent was insufficient in terms of adhesion.
- the heat-sealing agent of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 obtained without using any one of alkylated methylol melamine or an epoxy compound as a crosslinking agent has good adhesiveness, it has adhesiveness after a wet heat resistance test. Caused a significant decline.
- the heat sealing agent described in Comparative Examples 4 and 5 obtained without using either one of urethane resin or polyolefin resin was insufficient in terms of adhesion.
- the heat sealants described in Comparative Examples 6 to 9 obtained by using other cross-linking agents in combination instead of the combination of alkylated methylol melamine and epoxy compound as the cross-linking agent have good adhesion, It caused a significant decrease in adhesion after the thermal test.
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Abstract
Description
本発明では、前記架橋剤(C)として、前記アルキル化メチロールメラミン樹脂(c1)とともにエポキシ化合物(c2)を組み合わせ使用する。
前記エポキシ化合物(c2)は、前記ウレタン樹脂(A)及び前記ポリオレフィン樹脂(B)のいずれか一方または両方が有する官能基[X]と反応し架橋構造を形成する。これにより、優れた耐湿熱性と、各種基材に対する優れた密着性とを備えたヒートシール剤を得ることができる。
前記ウレア結合は、ウレタン樹脂(A)全体に対して50mmol/kg~2,000mmol/kgの範囲で存在することが、基材に対する密着性をより一層向上するうえで好ましい。
前記ウレタン樹脂(A)としては、極性基材(E)や非極性基材(F)に対する優れた密着性と耐久性とを備えたヒートシール層を形成するうえで、5,000~200,000の範囲の重量平均分子量を有するものを使用することが好ましく、50,000~20,000の範囲のものを使用することがより好ましい。
前記ポリオール(a1)に使用可能なポリエーテルポリオールとしては、具体的にはテトラヒドロフランが開環して形成されたポリオキシテトラメチレングリコールを使用することが好ましい。
前記ポリエーテルポリオールとしては、極性基材(E)や非極性基材(F)に対する密着性をより一層向上するうえで、数平均分子量500~3,000のものを使用することが好ましい。
前記ポリエーテルポリオールは、前記ウレタン樹脂(A)を製造する際に使用するポリオール(a1)全体に対して50質量%~99.7質量%の範囲で使用することが好ましく、50質量%~90質量%の範囲で使用することがより好ましい。
本発明では、ヒートシール剤の各種基材への密着性をより一層向上するうえで、ネオペンチルグリコール等を使用することが好ましい。
前記1級アミノ基を有する化合物としては、エタノールアミン等を使用することができる。
前記ヒドラジド基を有する化合物としては、例えばジカルボン酸ジヒドラジド、カルボヒドラジド、1,3-ビス(ヒドラジノカルボノエチル)-5-イソプロピルヒダントイン等を使用することができ、ジカルボン酸ジヒドラジドまたはカルボヒドラジドを使用することが好ましい。
前記ジカルボン酸ジヒドラジドとしては、例えばマロン酸ジヒドラジド、コハク酸ジヒドラジド、アジピン酸ジヒドラジド、グルタル酸ジヒドラジド、セバシン酸ジヒドラジド、イソフタル酸ジヒドラジド;β-セミカルバジドプロピオン酸ヒドラジド等の1種または2種以上を組み合わせ使用することができる。なかでもアジピン酸ジヒドラジドを使用することが、優れた密着性を付与するうえで好ましい。
前記ポリオレフィン樹脂(B)としては、具体的には、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブタジエン、エチレン-プロピレン共重合体、天然ゴム、合成イソプロピレンゴム、エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体等のうち、前記架橋剤(C)が有するエポキシ基やイソシアネート基と反応する官能基[X]を有するものを使用することができる。前記ポリオレフィン樹脂(B)がコポリマーである場合には、ランダムコポリマーであってもブロックコポリマーであっても良い。
本発明では、優れた耐湿熱性と各種基材に対する優れた密着性とを両立したヒートシール剤を得ることを目的として、前記架橋剤(C)として、前記アルキル化メチロールメラミン樹脂(c1)と前記エポキシ化合物(c2)とを組み合わせ使用する。
本発明で使用する水性媒体(D)として、例えば、水、水と混和する有機溶剤、及び、これらの混合物が挙げられる。水と混和する有機溶剤としては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、n-プロパノール、イソプロパノール等のアルコール;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン等のケトン;エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等のポリアルキレングリコール;ポリアルキレングリコールのアルキルエーテル;N-メチル-2-ピロリドン等のラクタム等が挙げられる。本発明では、水のみを用いても良く、また水及び水と混和する有機溶剤との混合物を用いても良く、水と混和する有機溶剤のみを用いても良い。安全性や環境に対する負荷の点から、水のみ、又は、水及び水と混和する有機溶剤との混合物が好ましく、水のみが特に好ましい。
極性基材としてはポリエチレンテレフタレート基材、ポリカーボネート基材、ポリアミド基材等が挙げられる。
非極性基材としては、例えばエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリフッ化ビニリデン樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニル樹脂、エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体、ポリビニルブチラール、ガラス等から構成される基材が挙げられる。
前記基材の表面には、予め表面処理が施されていてもよく、具体的にはコロナ処理の施されていることが好ましい。コロナ処理によって、前記基材の表面にカルボニル基等の反応性基が形成された場合、本発明のヒートシール剤に含まれる前記ウレタン樹脂(A)のウレア結合と結合を形成し、その結果、密着性をより一層向上できるものと推測される。
次に、前記樹脂層の表面に、他の基材を載置し、加熱すると、前記樹脂層が溶融し、かつ、前記架橋反応によって生成した水酸基が、前記エポキシ化合物(c2)の加水分解性シリル基等と反応することによって、両基材を強固に接着することが可能な密着力を発現したヒートシール層を形成する。前記架橋反応後に形成されるヒートシール層は、耐湿熱性にも優れるため、熱や水(湿気)の影響による該ヒートシール層の劣化を防止することが可能である。
前記太陽電池モジュールとしては、具体的には、太陽電池モジュールの受光面の反対面を構成するエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる面に、前記ヒートシール剤を用いて形成されるヒートシール層が積層し、前記ヒートシール層の表面に、ポリエチレンテレフタレート基材、ポリプロピレン基材、ポリカーボネート基材またはポリアミド基材からなる層とが積層した構造を備えるものが挙げられる。
はじめに、ポリエチレンテレフタレート基材、ポリプロピレン基材、ポリカーボネート基材またはポリアミド基材の表面に、予め、前記ヒートシール剤を塗布し、加熱して形成されるヒートシート層を備えた積層シートを製造する。
次に、太陽電池モジュールの受光面の反対面を構成するエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる面に、前記積層シートのヒートシール層が接触するように載置し、加熱することで、前記ポリエチレンテレフタレート基材等と、前記エチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる面とを接着する。これにより、太陽電池モジュールを製造することができる。
撹拌機、還流冷却管、温度計及び窒素吹き込み管を備えた4ツ口フラスコに、窒素気流下、ポリオキシテトラメチレングリコール(重量平均分子量:2,000)1000質量部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸79.8質量部、メチルエチルケトン672.7質量部を加え、均一に混合した後、トリレンジイソシアネート255.6質量部を加え、次いでジブチル錫ジラウレート0.1質量部を加え、80℃で約4時間反応させることによって、末端にイソシアネート基を有するウレタンプレポリマー(前記ウレタンプレポリマーに対するイソシアネート基の質量割合(イソシアネート基含有量);2.1質量%)のメチルエチルケトン溶液を得た。
次に、前記方法で得られたウレタンプレポリマーのメチルエチルケトン溶液を40℃まで冷却したものに、トリエチルアミン69.3質量部を加えることで、前記ウレタンプレポリマー中のカルボキシル基を中和した。
次に、イオン交換水3079.2質量部を加え、80質量%水加ヒドラジン(ヒドラジンの一水和物、全体に対して80質量%がヒドラジン)20.97質量部を加え反応させた。
反応終了後、メチルエチルケトンを減圧下留去し、その不揮発分が35質量%となるようイオン交換水を加えることによって組成物(I)を得た。
撹拌機、還流冷却管、温度計及び窒素吹き込み管を備えた4ツ口フラスコに、窒素気流下、ポリオキシテトラメチレングリコール(重量平均分子量:2,000)1000質量部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸79.8質量部、メチルエチルケトン672.7質量部を加え、均一に混合した後、トリレンジイソシアネート255.6質量部を加え、次いでジブチル錫ジラウレート0.1質量部を加え、80℃で約4時間反応させることによって、末端にイソシアネート基を有するウレタンプレポリマー(イソシアネート基含有量;2.1質量%)のメチルエチルケトン溶液を得た。
次に、前記方法で得られたウレタンプレポリマーのメチルエチルケトン溶液を40℃まで冷却したものに、トリエチルアミン69.3質量部を加え、前記ウレタンプレポリマー中のカルボキシル基を中和した。
次に、イオン交換水3130.9質量部を加え、アジピン酸ジヒドラジド116.7質量部を加え反応させた。
反応終了後、メチルエチルケトンを減圧下留去し、その不揮発分が35質量%となるようイオン交換水を加えることによって組成物(II)を得た。
撹拌機、還流冷却管、温度計及び窒素吹き込み管を備えた4ツ口フラスコに、窒素気流下、ポリオキシテトラメチレングリコール(重量平均分子量:2,000)1000質量部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸79.8質量部、メチルエチルケトン672.7質量部を加え、均一に混合した後、トリレンジイソシアネート255.6質量部を加え、次いでジブチル錫ジラウレート0.1質量部を加え、80℃で約4時間反応させることによって、末端にイソシアネート基を有するウレタンプレポリマー(イソシアネート基含有量;2.1質量%)のメチルエチルケトン溶液を得た。
次に、前記方法で得られたウレタンプレポリマーのメチルエチルケトン溶液を40℃まで冷却したものに、トリエチルアミン69.3質量部を加え、前記ウレタンプレポリマー中のカルボキシル基を中和した。
次に、イオン交換水3149.2質量部を加え、80質量%水加ヒドラジン(ヒドラジンの一水和物、全体に対して80質量%がヒドラジン)93.2質量部を加え反応させた。
反応終了後、メチルエチルケトンを減圧下留去し、その不揮発分が35質量%となるようイオン交換水を加えることによって組成物(III)を得た。
撹拌機、還流冷却管、温度計及び窒素吹き込み管を備えた4ツ口フラスコに、窒素気流下、ポリオキシテトラメチレングリコール(重量平均分子量:2,000)1000質量部、1,4-ブタンジオール21.2質量部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸87.1質量部、メチルエチルケトン784.9質量部を加え、均一に混合した後、イソホロンジイソシアネート336.0質量部を加え、次いでジブチル錫ジラウレート0.1質量部を加え、80℃で約4時間反応させることによって、末端にイソシアネート基を有するウレタンプレポリマー(イソシアネート基含有量;2.1質量%)のメチルエチルケトン溶液を得た。
次に、前記方法で得られたウレタンプレポリマーのメチルエチルケトン溶液と、エタノールアミン13.6質量部と、メチルエチルケトン189質量部とを混合し反応させることによって、末端に1級アミノ基を有するウレタン樹脂のメチルエチルケトン溶液を得た。
次に、前記方法で得たウレタン樹脂のメチルエチルケトン溶液を40℃まで冷却したものに、トリエチルアミン69.0質量部を加え、前記ウレタン樹脂中のカルボキシル基を中和した後、メチルエチルケトンを減圧下留去し、その不揮発分が35質量%となるようイオン交換水を加えることによって組成物(IV)を得た。
温度計、窒素ガス導入管、攪拌機を備えた反応器中で窒素ガスを導入しながら、ポレスターVS-1236(星光PMC株式会社製、無水マレイン酸変性ポリオレフィンの水分散体、重量平均分子量70000)を1000質量部入れ、80℃で3時間攪拌し溶融させ、次いで50℃まで冷却し、トリエチルアミン180質量部加えて中和した後、水2153質量部を加えて水溶化することにより、不揮発分30質量%の組成物(V)を得た。
撹拌機、還流冷却管、温度計及び窒素吹き込み管を備えた4ツ口フラスコに、窒素気流下、ポリオキシテトラメチレングリコール(重量平均分子量:2,000)1000質量部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸79.8質量部、メチルエチルケトン672.7質量部を加え、均一に混合した後、トリレンジイソシアネート255.6質量部を加え、次いでジブチル錫ジラウレート0.1質量部を加え、80℃で約4時間反応させることによって、分子末端にイソシアネート基を有するウレタンプレポリマー(イソシアネート基含有量;2.1質量%)のメチルエチルケトン溶液を得た。
次に、前記方法で得られたウレタンプレポリマーのメチルエチルケトン溶液を40℃まで冷却したものに、トリエチルアミン69.3質量部を加え、前記ウレタンプレポリマー中のカルボキシル基を中和した。
次に、イオン交換水3122.6質量部を加え、カルボヒドラジド60.3質量部を加え反応させた。
反応終了後、メチルエチルケトンを減圧下留去し、その不揮発分が35質量%となるようイオン交換水を加えることによって組成物(VI)を得た。
調製例1で得た組成物(I)を100質量部と、調製例5で得た組成物(V)78質量部とを混合した。次いで、ベッカミンM-3(DIC株式会社製、トリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)5質量部とデナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)4質量部とを添加、攪拌し、水を加えることによって、不揮発分20質量%の水性樹脂組成物(X-1)からなるヒートシール剤(X-1)を得た。
調製例1で得た組成物(I)100質量部の代わりに、調製例2で得た組成物(II)を100質量部使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X-2)からなるヒートシール剤(X-2)を得た。
調製例1で得た組成物(I)100質量部の代わりに、調製例3で得た組成物(III)を100質量部使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X-3)からなるヒートシール剤(X-3)を得た。
調製例1で得た組成物(I)100質量部の代わりに、調製例4で得た組成物(IV)を100質量部使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X-4)からなるヒートシール剤(X-4)を得た。
ベッカミンM-3(DIC株式会社製のトリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)の使用量を、5質量部から23質量部に変更すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X-5)からなるヒートシール剤(X-5)を得た。
デナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)の使用量を4質量部から42質量部に変更すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X-6)からなるヒートシール剤(X-6)を得た。
デナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)の使用量を4質量部から1質量部に変更すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X-7)からなるヒートシール剤(X-7)を得た。
調製例5記載の組成物(V)の使用量を、78質量部から175質量部に変更し、ベッカミンM-3(DIC株式会社製のトリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)の使用量を、5質量部から7質量部に変更し、かつ、デナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)の使用量を4質量部から8質量部に変更すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X-8)からなるヒートシール剤(X-8)を得た。
ベッカミンM-3(DIC株式会社製のトリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)の代わりに、ベッカミンJ-101(DIC株式会社製、ヘキサメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)を5質量部使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X-9)からなるヒートシール剤(X-9)を得た。
調製例1で得た組成物(I)100質量部の代わりに、調製例6で得た組成物(VI)を100質量部使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X-10)からなるヒートシール剤(X-10)を得た。
調製例1で得た組成物(I)100質量部と、調製例5で得た組成物(V)78質量部とを混合、攪拌し、水を加えることによって、不揮発分20質量%の水性樹脂組成物(X’-1)からなるヒートシール剤(X’-1)を得た。
調製例1で得た組成物(I)100質量部と、調製例5で得た組成物(V)78質量部とを混合及び攪拌し、次いで、デナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)4質量部を混合し、水を加えることによって、不揮発分20質量%の水性樹脂組成物(X’-2)からなるヒートシール剤(X’-2)を得た。
調製例1で得た組成物(I)100質量部と、調製例5で得た組成物(V)78質量部部とを混合及び攪拌し、次いで、ベッカミンM-3(DIC株式会社製のトリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)5質量部を混合し、水を加えることによって、不揮発分20質量%の水性樹脂組成物(X’-3)からなるヒートシール剤(X’-3)を得た。
調製例1で得られた組成物(I)100質量部と、ベッカミンM-3(DIC株式会社製のトリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)3質量部と、デナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)0.2質量部とを添加、攪拌し、水を加えることによって、不揮発分20質量%の水性樹脂組成物(X’-4)からなるヒートシール剤(X’-4)を得た。
調製例5で得られた組成物(V)100質量部と、ベッカミンM-3(DIC株式会社製のトリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)2質量部と、デナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)4質量部とを添加、攪拌し、水を加えることによって、不揮発分20質量%の水性樹脂組成物(X’-5)からなるヒートシール剤(X’-5)を得た。
デナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)の代わりに、アクアネート210(日本ポリウレタン工業株式会社製、水分散性ポリイソシアネート架橋剤、不揮発分100質量%)を7質量部使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X’-7)からなるヒートシール剤(X’-7)を得た。
ベッカミンM-3(DIC株式会社製、トリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)の代わりに、アクアネート210(日本ポリウレタン工業株式会社製、水分散性ポリイソシアネート架橋剤、不揮発分100質量%)を7質量部使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X’-8)からなるヒートシール剤(X’-8)を得た。
デナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)の代わりに、ハイドランアシスターCS-7(DIC株式会社製、水分散性カルボジイミド化合物、不揮発分40質量%)28質量部を使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X’-9)からなるヒートシール剤(X’-9)を得た。
ベッカミンM-3(DIC株式会社製、トリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)の代わりに、アクアネート210(日本ポリウレタン工業株式会社製、水分散性ポリイソシアネート架橋剤、不揮発分100質量%)を7質量部使用し、かつ、デナコールEX-321(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)の代わりに、ハイドランアシスターCS-7(DIC株式会社製、水分散性カルボジイミド化合物、不揮発分40質量%)10質量部を使用すること以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水性樹脂組成物(X’-10)からなるヒートシール剤(X’-10)を得た。
極性基材であるポリエチレンテレフタレートからなるフィルムの表面に、乾燥膜厚が5μmとなるよう、前記実施例及び比較例で得たヒートシール剤を塗布し、150℃の条件で5分間乾燥することによって、前記フィルム表面に架橋した樹脂層が設けられた積層体を得た。
前記方法で製造した直後の積層体の密着性は、引張り試験機(株式会社 島津製作所製オートグラフ)を用いT型剥離試験法(1000Nセル)によって評価した。前記密着性は、ヒートシール層と、前記エチレン-酢酸ビニルからなるフィルムとの間の密着性に基づいて評価した。
前記で得た積層体を120℃×100%RHの条件に設定された恒温恒湿機内に72時間静置し湿熱試験を行った。前記静置後の積層体の密着力を、前記と同様の方法によって測定し評価した。
また、〔エポキシ基の物質量/官能基[X]の合計物質量〕は、エポキシ化合物(c2)が有するエポキシ基の物質量(モル)と、ウレタン樹脂(A)及びポリオレフィン樹脂(B)が有する官能基[X]の合計物質量の比を表す。
表中の「M-3」は、DIC株式会社製のベッカミンM-3(トリメトキシメチロール型メラミン樹脂、不揮発分80質量%)を表す。
表中の「EX-321」は、ナガセケムテックス株式会社製のデナコールEX-321(トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル、不揮発分100質量%)を表す。
表中の「アクアネート-210」は、日本ポリウレタン工業株式会社製のアクアネート210(水分散性ポリイソシアネート架橋剤、不揮発分100質量%)を表す。
表中の「WSA-950」は、DIC株式会社製のウォーターゾールWSA-950(加水分解性シリル基を有するエポキシ化合物、不揮発分100質量%)を表す。
表中の「CS-7」は、DIC株式会社製のハイドランアシスターCS-7(水分散性カルボジイミド化合物、不揮発分40質量%)を表す。
また、前記ヒドラジンを過剰に使用した実施例3記載のヒートシール剤もまた、優れた密着性と、ある程度良好な耐湿熱性を備えたものであった。また、エタノールアミンを使用して得られたヒートシール剤は、良好な密着性及び耐湿熱性を備えたものであった。
また、アルキル化メチロールメラミン樹脂及びエポキシ化合物の使用割合や種類を変更した実施例5~7及び9記載のヒートシール剤は、優れた密着性と、良好な耐湿熱性を備えたものであった。また、ウレタン樹脂とポリオレフィン樹脂との質量割合を変更した実施例9で得たヒートシール剤は、優れた密着性と耐湿熱性とを備えたものであった。
一方、架橋剤を使用せずに得た比較例1記載のヒートシール剤は、密着性の点で不十分であった。また、架橋剤としてアルキル化メチロールメラミンまたはエポキシ化合物のいずれか一方を使用せずに得た比較例2及び3に記載のヒートシール剤は、良好な密着性を有するものの、耐湿熱試験後に密着性の著しい低下を引き起こした。また、ウレタン樹脂またはポリオレフィン樹脂のいずれか一方を使用せずに得た比較例4及び5記載のヒートシール剤は、密着性の点で不十分であった。
また、架橋剤としてアルキル化メチロールメラミン及びエポキシ化合物の組み合わせの代わりに、他の架橋剤を組み合わせ使用して得た比較例6~9記載のヒートシール剤は、良好な密着性を有するものの、耐湿熱試験後に密着性の著しい低下を引き起こした。
Claims (6)
- ウレタン樹脂(A)、ポリオレフィン樹脂(B)、架橋剤(C)及び水性媒体(D)を含有するヒートシール剤であって、
前記ウレタン樹脂(A)が、イソシアネート基を有するウレタン樹脂と、1級アミノ基を有する化合物、ヒドラジド基を有する化合物及びヒドラジンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種とを反応させることによって得られるものであり、
前記架橋剤(C)がアルキル化メチロールメラミン樹脂(c1)とエポキシ化合物(c2)とを含有するものであり、かつ、前記ウレタン樹脂(A)及びポリオレフィン樹脂(B)のいずれか一方または両方がエポキシ基と反応する官能基[X]を有するものであることを特徴とするヒートシール剤。 - 前記アルキル化メチロールメラミン樹脂(c1)が、前記ウレタン樹脂(A)及び前記ポリオレフィン樹脂(B)の合計質量に対して5質量%~50質量%の範囲で含まれ、前記官能基[X]の合計物質量に対する前記エポキシ化合物(c2)が有するエポキシ基の物質量の割合〔エポキシ基の物質量/官能基[X]の合計物質量〕が、5/1~1/5である請求項1に記載のヒートシール剤。
- 前記官能基[X]が、カルボキシル基、水酸基及びアミノ基からなる群より選ばれる1種以上である請求項1に記載のヒートシール剤。
- 前記エポキシ化合物(c2)が、トリメチロールプロパンポリグリシジルエーテル及びグリセリントリグリシジルエーテルからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項1に記載のヒートシール剤。
- 太陽電池モジュールの受光面の反対面を構成するエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる面に、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のヒートシール剤を用いて形成されるヒートシール層が積層し、前記ヒートシール層の表面に、ポリエチレンテレフタレート基材、ポリプロピレン基材、ポリカーボネート基材またはポリアミド基材からなる層が積層した構造を備えることを特徴とする太陽電池モジュール。
- ポリエチレンテレフタレート基材、ポリプロピレン基材、ポリカーボネート基材またはポリアミド基材の表面に、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のヒートシール剤を塗布し、加熱して形成されるヒートシート層を備えた積層シートを、
太陽電池モジュールの受光面の反対面を構成するエチレン-酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる面に、前記積層シートのヒートシール層が接触するように載置し、加熱することで接着することを特徴とする太陽電池モジュールの製造方法。
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JPWO2016072145A1 (ja) * | 2014-11-04 | 2017-04-27 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | 水系ポリウレタン樹脂組成物 |
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TWI563032B (ja) | 2016-12-21 |
KR20140124005A (ko) | 2014-10-23 |
CN104169387B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
KR101636637B1 (ko) | 2016-07-05 |
CN104169387A (zh) | 2014-11-26 |
JPWO2013136861A1 (ja) | 2015-08-03 |
TW201341467A (zh) | 2013-10-16 |
JP5418742B1 (ja) | 2014-02-19 |
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